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de Camargo BR, Takematsu HM, Ticona ARP, da Silva LA, Silva FL, Quirino BF, Hamann PRV, Noronha EF. Penicillium polonicum a new isolate obtained from Cerrado soil as a source of carbohydrate-active enzymes produced in response to sugarcane bagasse. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:348. [PMID: 36386566 PMCID: PMC9652181 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillium species have been studied as producers of plant cell wall degrading enzymes to deconstruct agricultural residues and to be applied in industrial processes. Natural environments containing decaying plant matter are ideal places for isolating fungal strains with cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities. In the present study, Cerrado soil samples were used as source of filamentous fungi able to degrade xylan and cellulose. Penicillium was the most abundant genus among the obtained xylan and carboxymethylcellulose degraders. Penicillium polonicum was one of the best enzyme producers in agar-plate assays. In addition, it secretes CMCase, Avicelase, pectinase, mannanase, and xylanase during growth in liquid media containing sugarcane bagasse as carbon source. The highest value for endo-β-1,4-xylanase activity was obtained after 4 days of growth. Xyl PP, a 20 kDa endo-β-1,4-xylanase, was purified and partially characterized. The purified enzyme presented the remarkable feature of being resistant to the lignin-derived phenolic compounds, p-coumaric and trans-ferulic acids. This feature calls for its further use in bioprocesses that use lignocellulose as feedstock. Furthermore, future work should explore its structural features which may contribute to the understanding of the relationship between its structure and resistance to phenolic compounds. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03405-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Rabelo de Camargo
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Hamille Mey Takematsu
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Alonso R. Poma Ticona
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Leonardo Assis da Silva
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Francilene Lopes Silva
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Betania Ferraz Quirino
- Embrapa-Agroenergia, Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Brasilia, DF 70770-901 Brazil
| | - Pedro R. Vieira Hamann
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
| | - Eliane Ferreira Noronha
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF 70910-900 Brazil
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2
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Dar FM, Dar PM. Fungal Xylanases for Different Industrial Applications. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85603-8_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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3
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Nieto-Domínguez M, de Eugenio LI, York-Durán MJ, Rodríguez-Colinas B, Plou FJ, Chenoll E, Pardo E, Codoñer F, Jesús Martínez M. Prebiotic effect of xylooligosaccharides produced from birchwood xylan by a novel fungal GH11 xylanase. Food Chem 2017; 232:105-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.03.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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4
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Carli S, Meleiro LP, Rosa JC, Moraes LAB, Jorge JA, Masui DC, Furriel RP. A novel thermostable and halotolerant xylanase from Colletotrichum graminicola. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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5
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Wang X, Li K, Yang M, Zhang J. Hydrolyzability of xylan after adsorption on cellulose: Exploration of xylan limitation on enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 148:362-70. [PMID: 27185150 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
During pretreatment of lignocellulosic materials, the dissolved xylan would re-adsorb on cellulose, and then inhibits the cellulose hydrolysis by cellulases. However, the hydrolyzability of xylan adsorbed on cellulose is not clear. In this work, the adsorption behavior of xylans on celluloses and the hydrolysis of adsorbed xylan by xylanase (XYL) were investigated. The results indicated that the adsorption of beechwood xylan (BWX) and oat spelt xylan (OSX) on Avicel was conformed to Langmuir-type adsorption isotherm. Higher ion strength increased the adsorption of BWX on Avicel, but not that of OSX. Both BWX and OSX adsorbed on Avicel and corn stover after dilute acid pretreatment (CS-DA) could be hydrolyzed by XYL. Compared to OSX, BWX adsorbed on cellulosic materials could be more easily hydrolyzed by XYL. Thus, supplementation of XYL could hydrolyze the xylan adsorbed on cellulose and potentially improved hydrolysis efficiency of lignocelluloses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Kena Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ming Yang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China.
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6
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Xylanase and β-xylosidase from Penicillium janczewskii : Purification, characterization and hydrolysis of substrates. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2016.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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7
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Xylan-degrading enzymes from Aspergillus terreus: Physicochemical features and functional studies on hydrolysis of cellulose pulp. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 134:700-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Silva L, Terrasan CRF, Carmona EC. Purification and characterization of xylanases from Trichoderma inhamatum. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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9
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Liao H, Sun S, Wang P, Bi W, Tan S, Wei Z, Mei X, Liu D, Raza W, Shen Q, Xu Y. A new acidophilic endo-β-1,4-xylanase from Penicillium oxalicum: cloning, purification, and insights into the influence of metal ions on xylanase activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 41:1071-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-014-1453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
A new acidophilic xylanase (XYN11A) from Penicillium oxalicum GZ-2 has been purified, identified and characterized. Synchronized fluorescence spectroscopy was used for the first time to evaluate the influence of metal ions on xylanase activity. The purified enzyme was identified by MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry, and its gene (xyn11A) was identified as an open reading frame of 706 bp with a 68 bp intron. This gene encodes a mature protein of 196 residues with a predicted molecular weight of 21.3 kDa that has the 100 % identity with the putative xylanase from the P. oxalicum 114-2. The enzyme shows a structure comprising a catalytic module family 10 (GH10) and no carbohydrate-binding module family. The specific activities were 150.2, 60.2, and 72.6 U/mg for beechwood xylan, birchwood xylan, and oat spelt xylan, respectively. XYN11A exhibited optimal activity at pH 4.0 and remarkable pH stability under extremely acidic condition (pH 3). The specific activity, K m and V max values were 150.2 U/mg, 30.7 mg/mL, and 403.9 μmol/min/mg for beechwood xylan, respectively. XYN11A is a endo-β-1,4-xylanase since it release xylobiose and xylotriose as the main products by hydrolyzing xylans. The activity of XYN11A was enhanced 155 % by 1 mM Fe2+ ions, but was inhibited strongly by Fe3+. The reason of enhancing the xylanase activity of XYN11A with 1 mM Fe2+ treatment may be responsible for the change of microenvironment of tryptophan residues studied by synchronous fluorescence spectrophotometry. Inhibition of the xylanase activity by Fe3+ was first time demonstrated to associate tryptophan fluorescence quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanpeng Liao
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
| | - Shaowei Sun
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
| | - Pan Wang
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
| | - Wenli Bi
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
| | - Shiyong Tan
- grid.410727.7 0000 0001 0526 1937 Institute of Bast Fiber Crops and Center of Southern Economic Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changsha China
| | - Zhong Wei
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
| | - Xinlan Mei
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
| | - Waseem Raza
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
| | - Qirong Shen
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
| | - Yangchun Xu
- grid.27871.3b 0000000097507019 Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University 210095 Nanjing China
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Ge X, Sun Z, Xin D, Zhang J. Enhanced Xylanase Performance in the Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Materials by Surfactants and Non-catalytic Protein. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:2106-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0673-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Characterization, cloning and functional expression of novel xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus SS-8 isolated from self-heating plant wreckage material. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 29:2407-15. [PMID: 23793944 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular cellulase free xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus sp. SS-8, isolated from self heating plant wreckage material was identified as β-1,4-endo-xylanase precursor, a monomer of 21.3 kDa with no carbohydrate residue. This xylanase retained 80 % activity at 60 °C for 96 h, was active at a wide pH range of 3-11 and uniquely hydrolyzed xylan to xylose without production of xylo-oligosaccharides. Gene xynSS8 encoding xylanase from T. lanuginosus SS-8 was cloned and functionally expressed in Escherichia coli XL1 Blue using pTZ57R/T plasmid and xynSS8/pQE-9 expression vector construct respectively. Gene xynSS8 was of 777 bp and deduced amino acid sequence was a mature xylanase of 258 amino acids. XynSS8 has extra 33 amino acids compared to its nearest homolog and was thermo-alkali tolerant as that of native protein. The xylanase could degrade pulp and release substantial chromophoric materials and lignin derived compounds indicating its effective utility in pulp bleaching. Novel characteristics of the enzyme may contribute to its wide industrial usage. This is first report of cloning and functional expression of the novel xylanase from T. lanuginosus SS-8.
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12
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Zhang J, Moilanen U, Tang M, Viikari L. The carbohydrate-binding module of xylanase from Nonomuraea flexuosa decreases its non-productive adsorption on lignin. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:18. [PMID: 23363927 PMCID: PMC3577619 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The enzymatic hydrolysis step converting lignocellulosic materials into fermentable sugars is recognized as one of the major limiting steps in biomass-to-ethanol process due to the low efficiency of enzymes and their cost. Xylanases have been found to be important in the improvement of the hydrolysis of cellulose due to the close interaction of cellulose and xylan. In this work, the effects of carbohydrate-binding module (CBM family II) of the xylanase 11 from Nonomuraea flexuosa (Nf Xyn11) on the adsorption and hydrolytic efficiency toward isolated xylan and lignocellulosic materials were investigated. RESULTS The intact family 11 xylanase of N. flexuosa clearly adsorbed on wheat straw and lignin, following the Langmuir-type isotherm. The presence of the CBM in the xylanase increased the adsorption and hydrolytic efficiency on insoluble oat spelt xylan. But the presence of the CBM did not increase adsorption on pretreated wheat straw or isolated lignin. On the contrary, the CBM decreased the adsorption of the core protein to lignin containing substrates, indicating that the CBM of N. flexuosa xylanase did not contribute to the non-productive adsorption. CONCLUSION The CBM of the N. flexuosa xylanase was shown to be a xylan-binding module, which had low affinity on cellulose. The CBM of the N. flexuosa xylanase reduced the non-specific adsorption of the core protein to lignin and showed potential for improving the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials to platform sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ulla Moilanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Liisa Viikari
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Alkaline xylanases from Bacillus mojavensis A21: Production and generation of xylooligosaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:647-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Use of Residual Biomass from the Textile Industry as Carbon Source for Production of a Low-Molecular-Weight Xylanase from Aspergillus oryzae. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2012. [DOI: 10.3390/app2040754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Zhang J, Tang M, Viikari L. Xylans inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials by cellulases. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 121:8-12. [PMID: 22858461 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hemicelluloses have been found to be physical barriers in the hydrolysis of cellulose, and prevent the access of enzymes to cellulose surface. In addition, soluble hemicelluloses may strongly inhibit the cellulase activity. In this work, birchwood xylan clearly inhibited the enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw, Avicel and nanocellulose by cellulases. Hydrolysis efficiencies of cellobiohydrolase I (CBHI, from Thermoascus aurantiacus), cellobiohydrolase II (CBHII, from Trichoderma reesei) and endoglucanase II (from T. aurantiacus) were clearly inhibited by birchwood xylan, respectively. The strongest inhibitory effect of birchwood xylan was observed on the hydrolysis of Avicel by CBHI and CBHII, as a dramatically decreased formation of the main product, cellobiose. After additions of soluble and insoluble oat spelt xylan, cleaved cellobiose units by CBHI from cellulose chain decreased from 8 to 4 and 6, respectively. The results in this work demonstrated that xylans clearly inhibited the hydrolysis efficiencies of both endoglucanase and cellobiohydrolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China.
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16
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Sustainable production of pectin from lime peel by high hydrostatic pressure treatment. Food Chem 2012; 136:472-8. [PMID: 23122086 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The application of high hydrostatic pressure technology for enzymatic extraction of pectin was evaluated. Cellulase and xylanase under five different combinations (cellulase/xylanase: 50/0, 50/25, 50/50, 25/50, and 0/50 U/g lime peel) at ambient pressure, 100 and 200 MPa were used to extract pectin from dried lime peel. Extraction yield, galacturonic acid (GalA) content, average molecular weight (M(w,ave)), intrinsic viscosity [η](w), and degree of esterification (DE) were compared to those parameters obtained for pectins extracted using acid and aqueous processes. Pressure level, type and concentration of enzyme significantly (p<0.05) influenced yield and DE of pectin. Enzyme and high pressure extraction resulted in yields which were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those using acid and aqueous extraction. Although pressure-induced enzymatic treatment improves pectin yield, it does not have any significant effect on M(w,ave) and [η](w) of pectin extracts indicating the potential of high pressure treatment for enzymatic pectin production as a novel and sustainable process.
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17
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Peng F, Peng P, Xu F, Sun RC. Fractional purification and bioconversion of hemicelluloses. Biotechnol Adv 2012; 30:879-903. [PMID: 22306329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Dong X, Meinhardt SW, Schwarz PB. Isolation and characterization of two endoxylanases from Fusarium graminearum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:2538-2545. [PMID: 22313372 DOI: 10.1021/jf203407p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the first isolation from cultures of two endoxylanases secreted by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schweinitz) Petch]. When F. graminearum is grown on wheat bran hydrated with a modified synthetic medium, high xylanase activity can be extracted. The two endoxylanases were identified by LC-MS/MS as the products of genes FGSG_6445 (Genbank gene id 2788192 ) (xylanase 1) and FGSG_3624 (GenBank accession no. AJ863566 ) (xylanase 2) with 61 and 51% sequence coverage, respectively. Both enzymes showed a pH optimum at pH 6, with xylanase 1 exhibiting a wider active pH range (5.5-9) than xlylanase 2 (5.5-7.5). Their temperature dependences were similar, >60% between 35 and 60 °C, with optimal temperatures of 45 °C for xylanase 1 and 50 °C for xylanase 2. Kinetic studies found that both enzymes had a lower K(m) for linear beachwood xylan than arabinoxylan. For xylanase 2, the V(max) increased with arabinoxylan, but decreased for xylanase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Dong
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United States
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Shrivastava S, Shukla P, Mukhopadhyay K. Purification and preliminary characterization of a xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus strain SS-8. 3 Biotech 2011; 1:255-259. [PMID: 22558544 PMCID: PMC3339585 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-011-0032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermomyces lanuginosus SS-8 was isolated from soil samples that had been collected from near self-heating plant material and its extracellular cellulase-free xylanase purified approximately 160-fold using ion exchange chromatography and continuous elution electrophoresis. This xylanase was thermoactive (optimum temperature 60 °C) at pH 6.0 and had a molecular weight of 23.79 kDa as indicated by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The xylanase rapidly hydrolyzed xylan directly to xylose without the production of intermediary xylo-oligosaccharides within 15 min of incubation under optimum conditions. This trait of rapidly degrading xylan to xylose as a sole end-product could have biotechnological potential in degradation of agro-wastes for bioethanol manufacturing industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Shrivastava
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology (Deemed University), Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology (Deemed University), Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand India
| | - Kunal Mukhopadhyay
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology (Deemed University), Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand India
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Zhang J, Siika-aho M, Puranen T, Tang M, Tenkanen M, Viikari L. Thermostable recombinant xylanases from Nonomuraea flexuosa and Thermoascus aurantiacus show distinct properties in the hydrolysis of xylans and pretreated wheat straw. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2011; 4:12. [PMID: 21592333 PMCID: PMC3114720 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-4-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials, thermostable enzymes decrease the amount of enzyme needed due to higher specific activity and elongate the hydrolysis time due to improved stability. For cost-efficient use of enzymes in large-scale industrial applications, high-level expression of enzymes in recombinant hosts is usually a prerequisite. The main aim of the present study was to compare the biochemical and hydrolytic properties of two thermostable recombinant glycosyl hydrolase families 10 and 11 (GH10 and GH11, respectively) xylanases with respect to their potential application in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates. RESULTS The xylanases from Nonomuraea flexuosa (Nf Xyn11A) and from Thermoascus aurantiacus (Ta Xyn10A) were purified by heat treatment and gel permeation chromatography. Ta Xyn10A exhibited higher hydrolytic efficiency than Nf Xyn11A toward birchwood glucuronoxylan, insoluble oat spelt arabinoxylan and hydrothermally pretreated wheat straw, and it produced more reducing sugars. Oligosaccharides from xylobiose to xylopentaose as well as higher degree of polymerization (DP) xylooligosaccharides (XOSs), but not xylose, were released during the initial hydrolysis of xylans by Nf Xyn11A, indicating its potential for the production of XOS. The mode of action of Nf Xyn11A and Ta Xyn10A on glucuronoxylan and arabinoxylan showed typical production patterns of endoxylanases belonging to GH11 and GH10, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Because of its high catalytic activity and good thermostability, T. aurantiacus xylanase shows great potential for applications aimed at total hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials for platform sugars, whereas N. flexuosa xylanase shows more significant potential for the production of XOSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Matti Siika-aho
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FIN-02044 Espoo, Finland
| | - Terhi Puranen
- Roal Oy, Tykkimäentie 15, FIN-05200, Rajamäki, Finland
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Maija Tenkanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Liisa Viikari
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
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21
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A Method for the Determination of Soluble Arabinoxylan Released from Insoluble Substrates by Xylanases. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-009-9121-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Gaffney M, Carberry S, Doyle S, Murphy R. Purification and characterisation of a xylanase from Thermomyces lanuginosus and its functional expression by Pichia pastoris. Enzyme Microb Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gene Cloning, Overexpression, and Characterization of a Xylanase from Penicillium sp. CGMCC 1669. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 162:1-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8719-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dobrev G, Zhekova B, Delcheva G, Koleva L, Tziporkov N, Pishtiyski I. Purification and characterization of endoxylanase Xln-1 from Aspergillus niger B03. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-009-0112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Cervera Tison M, André-Leroux G, Lafond M, Georis J, Juge N, Berrin JG. Molecular determinants of substrate and inhibitor specificities of the Penicillium griseofulvum family 11 xylanases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2008; 1794:438-45. [PMID: 19118652 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2008.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Revised: 11/21/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Penicillium griseofulvum possesses two endo-(1,4)-beta-xylanase genes, PgXynA and PgXynB, belonging to family 11 glycoside hydrolases. The enzymes share 69% identity, a similar hydrolysis profile i.e. the predominant production of xylobiose and xylotriose as end products from wheat arabinoxylan and a specificity region of six potential xylose subsites, but differ in terms of catalytic efficiency which can be explained by subtle structural differences in the positioning of xylohexaose in the PgXynB model. Site-directed mutagenesis of the "thumb" region revealed structural basis of PgXynB substrate and inhibitor specificities. We produced variants displaying increased catalytic efficiency towards wheat arabinoxylan and xylo-oligosaccharides and identified specific determinants in PgXynB "thumb" region responsible for resistance to the wheat xylanase inhibitor XIP-I. Based on kinetic analysis and homology modeling, we suggested that Pro130(PgXynB), Lys131(PgXynB) and Lys132(PgXynB) hamper flexibility of the loop forming the "thumb" and interfere by steric hindrance with the inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Cervera Tison
- Biosciences ISM(2) UMR-CNRS-6263, Université Paul Cézanne Aix Marseille III, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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26
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Fang HY, Chang SM, Lan CH, Fang TJ. Purification and characterization of a xylanase from Aspergillus carneus M34 and its potential use in photoprotectant preparation. Process Biochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2007.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Dobrev GT, Pishtiyski IG, Stanchev VS, Mircheva R. Optimization of nutrient medium containing agricultural wastes for xylanase production by Aspergillus niger B03 using optimal composite experimental design. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2007; 98:2671-8. [PMID: 17092711 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2006] [Revised: 07/31/2006] [Accepted: 09/17/2006] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The xylanase biosynthesis is induced by its substrate - xylan. The high xylan content in some of the wastes like corn cobs and wheat bran makes them an accessible and cheap source of inducers. Nutrient medium for xylanase biosynthesis in submerged cultivation of Aspergillus niger B03 has been optimized. The optimization process was analyzed using optimal composite experimental design and response surface methodology. The predicted by the regression model optimum components of nutrient medium are as follows (g/l): (NH(4))(2)HPO(4) 2.6, urea 0.9, corn cobs 24.0, wheat bran 14.6 and malt sprout 6.0. Five parallel experiments have been carried out, at definite, optimum components concentrations of the nutrient medium, and a mean value of the activity Y=996.30 U/ml has been obtained. The xylanase activity, obtained with the optimized nutrient medium is 33% higher than the activity, achieved with the basic medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi Todorov Dobrev
- University of Food Technologies, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 26 Maritza Boulevard, Plovdiv 4002, Bulgaria.
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MERYANDINI ANJA. Characterization of Xylanase from Streptomyces spp. Strain C1-3. HAYATI JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES 2007. [DOI: 10.4308/hjb.14.3.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Tachaapaikoon C, Kyu KL, Ratanakhanokchai K. Purification of xylanase from alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. K-8 by using corn husk column. Process Biochem 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2006.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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31
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Khandeparkar R, Bhosle NB. Purification and characterization of thermoalkalophilic xylanase isolated from the Enterobacter sp. MTCC 5112. Res Microbiol 2006; 157:315-25. [PMID: 16426818 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2005.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2004] [Accepted: 09/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Thermoalkalophilic Enterobacter sp. MTCC 5112 was isolated from a sediment sample collected from the Mandovi estuary on the west coast of India. This culture produced extracellular xylanase. The xylanase enzyme was isolated by ammonium sulfate (80%) fractionation and purified to homogeneity using size exclusion and ion exchange chromatography. The molecular mass of the xylanase was approximately 43 kDa. The optimal pH of the xylanase activity was 9, and at room temperature it showed 100% stability at pH 7, 8 and 9 for 3 h. The optimal temperature for the enzyme activity was 100 degrees C at pH 9.0. At 80 degrees C and pH 9, 90% of the enzyme activity was retained after 40 min. At 70 and 60 degrees C, the enzyme retained 64% and 85% of its activity after 18 h, respectively, while at 50 degrees C and pH 9 the enzyme remained stable for days. For xylan, the enzyme gave a K(m) value of 3.3 mg ml(-1) and a V(max) value of 5,000 micromol min(-1) mg(-1) when the reaction was carried out at 100 degrees C and pH 9. In the presence of metal ions such as Co(2+), Zn(2+), Fe(2+), Cu(2+), Mg(2+) and Ca(2+) the activity of the enzyme increased, whereas strong inhibition of enzyme activity was observed in the presence of Hg(2+) and EDTA. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the production of xylanase by this bacterium.
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Chávez R, Bull P, Eyzaguirre J. The xylanolytic enzyme system from the genus Penicillium. J Biotechnol 2006; 123:413-33. [PMID: 16569456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2005] [Revised: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 12/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In nature, there are numerous microorganisms that efficiently degrade xylan, a major component of lignocellulose. In particular, filamentous fungi have demonstrated a great capability for secreting a wide range of xylanases, being the genus Aspergillus and Trichoderma the most extensively studied and reviewed among the xylan-producing fungi. However, an important amount of information about the production and genetics of xylanases from fungi of the genus Penicillium has accumulated in recent years. A great number of Penicillia are active producers of xylanolytic enzymes, and the use of xylanases from these species has acquired growing importance in biotechnological applications. This review summarizes our current knowledge about the properties, genetics, expression and biotechnological potential of xylanases from the genus Penicillium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Chávez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), CRI-Carillanca, Temuco, Chile
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Suganuma M, Kuzuhara T, Yamaguchi K, Fujiki H. Carcinogenic role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inducing protein of Helicobacter pylori in human stomach. BMB Rep 2006; 39:1-8. [PMID: 16466631 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2006.39.1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is the definitive carcinogen for stomach cancer and is known to induce proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1(IL-1) in the stomach. Based on our findings that TNF-alpha is an endogenous tumor promoter, we identified the TNFalpha inducing protein (Tipalpha) gene family, and confirmed Tipalpha and HP-MP1 as new carcinogenic proteins of H. pylori.Tipalpha protein is unique to H. pylori, and this paper shows the strong tumor promoting activity of Tipalpha gene family, in cooperation with Ras protein and its mechanisms of action in relation to NF-kappaB activation, and discusses the carcinogenic role of Tipalpha in stomach cancer. Our recent finding showing that penicillin-binding proteins of other bacteria are weak homologues of Tipalpha is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Suganuma
- Saitama Cancer Center, Research Institute for Clinical Oncology, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.
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Ratanachomsri U, Sriprang R, Sornlek W, Buaban B, Champreda V, Tanapongpipat S, Eurwilaichitr L. Thermostable xylanase from Marasmius sp.: purification and characterization. BMB Rep 2006; 39:105-10. [PMID: 16475280 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2006.39.1.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have screened 766 strains of fungi from the BIOTEC Culture Collection (BCC) for xylanases working in extreme pH and/or high temperature conditions, the so-called extreme xylanases. From a total number of 32 strains producing extreme xylanases, the strain BCC7928, identified by using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence of rRNA to be a Marasmius sp., was chosen for further characterization because of its high xylanolytic activity at temperature as high as 90 degrees C. The crude enzyme possessed high thermostability and pH stability. Purification of this xylanase was carried out using an anion exchanger followed by hydrophobic interaction chromatography, yielding the enzyme with >90% homogeneity. The molecular mass of the enzyme was approximately 40 kDa. The purified enzyme retained broad working pH range of 4-8 and optimal temperature of 90 degrees C. When using xylan from birchwood as substrate, it exhibits Km and Vmax values of 2.6 +/- 0.6 mg/ml and 428 +/- 26 U/mg, respectively. The enzyme rapidly hydrolysed xylans from birchwood, beechwood, and exhibited lower activity on xylan from wheatbran, or celluloses from carboxymethylcellulose and Avicel. The purified enzyme was highly stable at temperature ranges from 50 to 70 degrees C. It retained 84% of its maximal activity after incubation in standard buffer containing 1% xylan substrate at 70 degrees C for 3 h. This thermostable xylanase should therefore be useful for several industrial applications, such as agricultural, food and biofuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ukrit Ratanachomsri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 113 Thailand Science Park, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Purification and characterization of a high molecular weight endoxylanase from the solid-state culture of an alkali-tolerant Aspergillus fumigatus MKU1. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-005-9061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Chipeta ZA, du Preez JC, Szakacs G, Christopher L. Xylanase production by fungal strains on spent sulphite liquor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 69:71-8. [PMID: 15944854 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-1961-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2004] [Revised: 02/16/2005] [Accepted: 03/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Xylanase production by seven fungal strains was investigated using concentrated spent sulphite liquor (SSLc), xylan and D: -xylose as carbon substrates. An SSLc-based medium induced xylanase production at varying levels in all of these strains, with Aspergillus oryzae NRRL 3485 and Aspergillus phoenicis ATCC 13157 yielding activities of 164 and 146 U ml(-1), respectively; these values were higher than those obtained on xylan or D: -xylose with the same fungal strains. The highest xylanase activity of 322 U ml(-1) was obtained with Aspergillus foetidus ATCC 14916 on xylan. Electrophoretic and zymogram analysis indicated three xylanases from A. oryzae with molecular weights of approximately 32, 22 and 19 kDa, whereas A. phoenicis produced two xylanases with molecular weights of about 25 and 21 kDa. Crude xylanase preparations from these A. oryzae and A. phoenicis strains exhibited optimal activities at pH 6.5 and 5.0 and at 65 and 55 degrees C, respectively. The A. oryzae xylanolytic activity was stable at 50 degrees C over the pH range 4.5-10. The crude xylanase preparations from these A. oryzae and A. phoenicis strains had negligible cellulase activity, and their application in the biobleaching of hardwood pulp reduced chlorine dioxide consumption by 20-30% without sacrificing brightness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zawadi A Chipeta
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, 9300, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Polizeli MLTM, Rizzatti ACS, Monti R, Terenzi HF, Jorge JA, Amorim DS. Xylanases from fungi: properties and industrial applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 67:577-91. [PMID: 15944805 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-1904-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 668] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2004] [Revised: 12/29/2004] [Accepted: 12/31/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Xylan is the principal type of hemicellulose. It is a linear polymer of beta-D-xylopyranosyl units linked by (1-4) glycosidic bonds. In nature, the polysaccharide backbone may be added to 4-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucuronopyranosyl units, acetyl groups, alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl, etc., in variable proportions. An enzymatic complex is responsible for the hydrolysis of xylan, but the main enzymes involved are endo-1,4-beta-xylanase and beta-xylosidase. These enzymes are produced by fungi, bacteria, yeast, marine algae, protozoans, snails, crustaceans, insect, seeds, etc., but the principal commercial source is filamentous fungi. Recently, there has been much industrial interest in xylan and its hydrolytic enzymatic complex, as a supplement in animal feed, for the manufacture of bread, food and drinks, textiles, bleaching of cellulose pulp, ethanol and xylitol production. This review describes some properties of xylan and its metabolism, as well as the biochemical properties of xylanases and their commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L T M Polizeli
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto-Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre , 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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