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El-Dahmy RM, Elsayed I, Hussein J, Althubiti M, Almaimani RA, El-Readi MZ, Elbaset MA, Ibrahim BMM. Development of Transdermal Oleogel Containing Olmesartan Medoxomil: Statistical Optimization and Pharmacological Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1083. [PMID: 37111569 PMCID: PMC10146305 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Olmesartan medoxomil (OLM) is a first-line antihypertensive drug with low oral bioavailability (28.6%). This study aimed to develop oleogel formulations to decrease OLM side effects and boost its therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability. OLM oleogel formulations were composed of Tween 20, Aerosil 200, and lavender oil. A central composite response surface design chose the optimized formulation, containing Oil/Surfactant (SAA) ratio of 1:1 and Aerosil % of 10.55%, after showing the lowest firmness and compressibility, and the highest viscosity, adhesiveness, and bioadhesive properties (Fmax and Wad). The optimized oleogel increased OLM release by 4.21 and 4.97 folds than the drug suspension and gel, respectively. The optimized oleogel formulation increased OLM permeation by 5.62 and 7.23 folds than the drug suspension and gel, respectively. The pharmacodynamic study revealed the superiority of the optimized formulation in maintaining normal blood pressure and heart rate for 24 h. The biochemical analysis revealed that the optimized oleogel achieved the best serum electrolyte balance profile, preventing OLM-induced tachycardia. The pharmacokinetic study showed that the optimized oleogel increased OLM's bioavailability by more than 4.5- and 2.5-folds compared to the standard gel and the oral market tablet, respectively. These results confirmed the success of oleogel formulations in the transdermal delivery of OLM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Moataz El-Dahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Central Axis, Cairo 12585, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman 04184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jihan Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Althubiti
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A. Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Zaki El-Readi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 71524, Egypt
| | - Marawan A. Elbaset
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Bassant M. M. Ibrahim
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
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A novel oral medicated jelly for enhancement of etilefrine hydrochloride bioavailability: In vitro characterization and pharmacokinetic evaluation in healthy human volunteers. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:1435-1447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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3
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Ahmad Z, Salman S, Khan SA, Amin A, Rahman ZU, Al-Ghamdi YO, Akhtar K, Bakhsh EM, Khan SB. Versatility of Hydrogels: From Synthetic Strategies, Classification, and Properties to Biomedical Applications. Gels 2022; 8:167. [PMID: 35323280 PMCID: PMC8950628 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are three-dimensional, cross-linked, and supramolecular networks that can absorb significant volumes of water. Hydrogels are one of the most promising biomaterials in the biological and biomedical fields, thanks to their hydrophilic properties, biocompatibility, and wide therapeutic potential. Owing to their nontoxic nature and safe use, they are widely accepted for various biomedical applications such as wound dressing, controlled drug delivery, bone regeneration, tissue engineering, biosensors, and artificial contact lenses. Herein, this review comprises different synthetic strategies for hydrogels and their chemical/physical characteristics, and various analytical, optical, and spectroscopic tools for their characterization are discussed. A range of synthetic approaches is also covered for the synthesis and design of hydrogels. It will also cover biomedical applications such as bone regeneration, tissue engineering, and drug delivery. This review addressed the fundamental, general, and applied features of hydrogels in order to facilitate undergraduates, graduates, biomedical students, and researchers in a variety of domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.A.); (Z.U.R.)
| | - Saad Salman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Shahid Ali Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Amin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.A.); (Z.U.R.)
| | - Zia Ur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi 23561, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.A.); (Z.U.R.)
| | - Youssef O. Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Kalsoom Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Esraa M. Bakhsh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Sher Bahadar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (E.M.B.)
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Oppong F, Li Z, Fakhrabadi EA, Raorane T, Giri PM, Liberatore MW, Sarver JG, Trabbic CJ, Hosier CE, Erhardt PW, Maltese WA, Nesamony J. Investigating the Potential to Deliver and Maintain Plasma and Brain Levels of a Novel Practically Insoluble Methuosis Inducing Anticancer Agent 5-Methoxy MOMIPP Through an Injectable In Situ Forming Thermoresponsive Hydrogel Formulation. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2719-2728. [PMID: 32473210 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new indole based chalcone molecule MOMIPP induced methuosis mediated cell death in gliobastoma and other cancer cell lines. But the drug was insoluble in water and had a very short plasma half-life. The purpose of this work was to develop a formulation that can provide sustained levels of MOMIPP in vivo. Initial studies established drug solubility in various solvents. N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) was determined as an excellent solvent for the drug. Subsequently a poloxamer-407 based thermoreversible gel containing NMP was used to develop the formulation. Rheological studies were performed via oscillatory temperature mode, continuous shear analysis, and oscillatory frequency mode experiments. The mechanical properties of the formulations were tested using a texture profile analyzer. The gelation temperature and time of formulations increased with increasing amounts of NMP. However, the viscosity at 20 °C and storage modulus decreased as the amount of NMP increased. Characterization studies helped to identify the gel formulation that was used to administer the drug orally, sub-cutaneously, and intra-peritoneally. When the gel was given intraperitoneally the target plasma and brain levels of over 5 μM was maintained for about 8 h. Thus, a thermoreversible gel formulation that can deliver MOMIPP in animal studies was successfully developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Oppong
- Division of Industrial Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Zehui Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Ehsan Akbari Fakhrabadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Tanvi Raorane
- Division of Industrial Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Paras M Giri
- Division of Industrial Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Matthew W Liberatore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Jeffrey G Sarver
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Christopher J Trabbic
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Corey E Hosier
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Paul W Erhardt
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - William A Maltese
- Department of Cancer Biology, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614
| | - Jerry Nesamony
- Division of Industrial Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo HSC, Toledo, Ohio 43614.
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The Influence of pH on the Scleroglucan and Scleroglucan/Borax Systems. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030435. [PMID: 28282944 PMCID: PMC6155179 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects that an increase of environmental pH has on the triple helix of scleroglucan (Sclg) and on the Sclg/borax hydrogel are reported. Rheological experiments show that the hydrogel is less sensitive to pH increase than Sclg alone, while at pH = 14 a dramatic viscosity decrease takes place for both systems. This effect is evidenced also by the reduced water uptake and anisotropic elongation detected, at pH = 14, by the swelling behaviour of tablets prepared with the Sclg/borax system. On the opposite, a different behaviour was observed with guar gum and locust bean gum tablets, tested as reference polysaccharides. The effect of pH on the structure of Sclg and Sclg/borax was investigated also by means of spectroscopic approaches based on the interaction between Congo red (CR) and the Sclg triple helix. Obtained results indicated that the CR absorbance maximum is shifted as a function of pH and by the presence of borax. Principal component analysis allowed very precise identification of the pH value at which the Sclg helix collapses. Molecular dynamics simulations of the Sclg/borax–CR complex indicated that, at physiological pH, only a few ordered configurations are populated, according to the induced circular dichroism (CD) spectrum evidence.
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6
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Coviello T, Margheritelli S, Matricardi P, Di Meo C, Cerreto F, Alhaique F, Abrami M, Grassi M. Influence of borate amount on the swelling and rheological properties of the Scleroglucan/borax system. J Appl Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommasina Coviello
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco; Università di Roma “La Sapienza,”; Roma 00185 Italy
| | - Silvia Margheritelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco; Università di Roma “La Sapienza,”; Roma 00185 Italy
| | - Pietro Matricardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco; Università di Roma “La Sapienza,”; Roma 00185 Italy
| | - Chiara Di Meo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco; Università di Roma “La Sapienza,”; Roma 00185 Italy
| | - Felice Cerreto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco; Università di Roma “La Sapienza,”; Roma 00185 Italy
| | - Franco Alhaique
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco; Università di Roma “La Sapienza,”; Roma 00185 Italy
| | - Michela Abrami
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Ospedale di Cattinara; Università di Trieste; Trieste I-34149 Italy
| | - Mario Grassi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria e Architettura; Università di Trieste; Trieste 34127 Italy
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Coviello T, Trotta AM, Marianecci C, Carafa M, Di Marzio L, Rinaldi F, Di Meo C, Alhaique F, Matricardi P. Gel-embedded niosomes: preparation, characterization and release studies of a new system for topical drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 125:291-9. [PMID: 25524220 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper physical gels, prepared with two polysaccharides, Xanthan and Locust Bean Gum, and loaded with non-ionic surfactant vesicles, are described. The vesicles, composed by Tween20 and cholesterol or by Tween85 and Span20, were loaded with Monoammonium glycyrrhizinate for release experiments. Size and zeta (ζ)-potential of the vesicles were evaluated and the new systems were characterized by rheological and dynamo-mechanical measurements. For an appropriate comparison, a Carbopol gel and a commercial gel for topical applications were also tested. The new formulations showed mechanical properties comparable with those of the commercial product indicating their suitability for topical applications. In vitro release experiments showed that the polysaccharide network protects the integrity of the vesicles and leads to their slow release without disruption of the aggregated structures. Furthermore, being the vesicles composed of molecules possessing enhancing properties, the permeation of the loaded drugs topically delivered can be improved. Thus, the new systems combine the advantages of matrices for a modified release (polymeric component) and those of an easier permeability across the skin (vesicle components). Finally, shelf live experiments indicated that the tested gel/vesicle formulations were stable over 1 year with no need of preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Coviello
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A M Trotta
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Marianecci
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Carafa
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - L Di Marzio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - F Rinaldi
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - C Di Meo
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Alhaique
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - P Matricardi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza", University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Mazzuca C, Micheli L, Cervelli E, Basoli F, Cencetti C, Coviello T, Iannuccelli S, Sotgiu S, Palleschi A. Cleaning of paper artworks: development of an efficient gel-based material able to remove starch paste. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:16519-16528. [PMID: 25216156 DOI: 10.1021/am504295n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The removal of old glue from paper artworks is of paramount importance for the preservation of its integrity during the restoration process. Wet cleaning is one of the traditional methods, although it may cause damages on artworks. In this work, an advantageous alternative method, based on the use of a rigid hydrogel, for a simple and localized removal of starch paste from paper supports is presented. The use of an appropriate hydrogel allows to overcome many of the problems faced by restorers minimizing damages, through a controlled release of water to the artwork, and a simple and not invasive application and removal. At the same time, the specific and targeted enzyme activity leads to a significant reduction in the application time of the cleaning procedure. In this context, experiments were carried out applying Gellan hydrogel carrying α-amylase enzyme on several paper samples soiled with starch paste. To assess the cleaning efficacy of the proposed hydrogel, we have used a multidisciplinary approach, by means of spectroscopic techniques, scanning electron microscopy, chromatographic analysis, and pH investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Mazzuca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00173 Rome, Italy
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9
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Ding W, Li Y, Hou X, Li G. Bleomycin A6-loaded anionic liposomes with in situ gel as a new antitumoral drug delivery system. Drug Deliv 2014; 23:88-94. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.905651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China and
| | - Yanfang Li
- Central Lab, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xucheng Hou
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China and
| | - Guiling Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China and
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López-Cebral R, Paolicelli P, Romero-Caamaño V, Seijo B, Casadei MA, Sanchez A. Spermidine-Cross-linked Hydrogels as Novel Potential Platforms for Pharmaceutical Applications. J Pharm Sci 2013; 102:2632-43. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Silvi S, Barghini P, Aquilanti A, Juarez-Jimenez B, Fenice M. Physiologic and metabolic characterization of a new marine isolate (BM39) of Pantoea sp. producing high levels of exopolysaccharide. Microb Cell Fact 2013; 12:10. [PMID: 23360451 PMCID: PMC3570286 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-12-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Marine environments are the widest fonts of biodiversity representing a resource of both unexploited or unknown microorganisms and new substances having potential applications. Among microbial products, exopolysaccharides (EPS) have many physiological functions and practical applications. Since EPS production by many bacteria is too scarce for practical use and only few species are known for their high levels of production, the search of new high EPS producers is of paramount importance. Many marine bacteria, that produce EPS to cope with strong environmental stress, could be potentially exploited at the industrial level. Results A novel bacterium, strain BM39, previously isolated from sediments collected in the Tyrrhenian Sea, was selected for its production of very high levels of EPS. BM39 was affiliated to Pantoea sp. (Enterobacteriaceae) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and biochemical tests. According to the phylogenetic tree, this strain, being quite far from the closest known Pantoea species (96% identity with P. agglomerans and P. ananatis) could belong to a new species. EPS production was fast (maximum of ca. 21 g/L in 24 h on glucose medium) and mainly obtained during the exponential growth. Preliminary characterization, carried out by thin layer and gel filtration chromatography, showed that the EPS, being a glucose homopolymer with MW of ca. 830 kDa, appeared to be different from those of other bacteria of same genus. The bacterium showed a typical slightly halophilic behavior growing optimally at NaCl 40 ‰ (growing range 0-100 ‰). Flow cytometry studies indicated that good cell survival was maintained for 24 h at 120 ‰. Survival decreased dramatically with the increase of salinity being only 1 h at 280 ‰. The biochemical characterization, carried out with the Biolog system, showed that MB39 had a rather limited metabolic capacity. Its ability, rather lower than that of P. agglomerans, was almost only confined to the metabolization of simple sugars and their derivatives. Few alcohols, organic acids and nitrogen compounds were partially used too. Conclusions Strain BM39, probably belonging to a new species, due to its remarkable EPS production, comparable to those of known industrial bacterial producers, could be suggested as a new microorganism for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Silvi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
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12
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Benli B. Effect of borax addition on the structural modification of bentonite in biodegradable alginate-based biocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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13
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Ansari SA, Matricardi P, Meo CD, Alhaique F, Coviello T. Evaluation of rheological properties and swelling behaviour of sonicated scleroglucan samples. Molecules 2012; 17:2283-97. [PMID: 22367024 PMCID: PMC6268210 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17032283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleroglucan is a natural polysaccharide that has been proposed for various applications. However there is no investigation on its property variations when the molecular weight of this polymer is reduced. Scleroglucan was sonicated at two different polymer concentrations for different periods of time and the effect of sonication was investigated with respect to molecular weight variations and rheological properties. Molar mass, estimated by viscometric measurements, was drastically reduced already after a sonication for a few min. Sonicated samples were used for the preparation of gels in the presence of borate ions. The effect of borax on the new samples was investigated by recording the mechanical spectra and the flow curves. A comparison with the system prepared with the dialysed polymer was also carried out. The anisotropic elongation, observed with tablets of scleroglucan and borax, was remarkably reduced when the sonicated samples were used for the preparation of the gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddique Akber Ansari
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, University "La Sapienza", 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Lucero M, Claro C, Casas M, Jiménez-Castellanos M. Rheological and mechanical properties of hydrophilic dispersions using a new hydrophobically modified polymer and Igepal® CO520. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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François NJ, Viñarta SC, Fariña JI, Daraio ME. Investigation on the film-forming properties of lab fermenter scale produced scleroglucans from Sclerotium rolfsii ATCC 201126. Carbohydr Polym 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Scleroglucan: biosynthesis, production and application of a versatile hydrocolloid. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 91:937-47. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Yu T, Malcolm K, Woolfson D, Jones DS, Andrews GP. Vaginal gel drug delivery systems: understanding rheological characteristics and performance. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:1309-22. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.600119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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Bocchinfuso G, Mazzuca C, Sandolo C, Margheritelli S, Alhaique F, Coviello T, Palleschi A. Guar Gum and Scleroglucan Interactions with Borax: Experimental and Theoretical Studies of an Unexpected Similarity. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:13059-68. [DOI: 10.1021/jp105838t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Bocchinfuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzuca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Sandolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Silvia Margheritelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Franco Alhaique
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Tommasina Coviello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Palleschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma “Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
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Coviello T, Matricardi P, Balena A, Chiapperino B, Alhaique F. Hydrogels from scleroglucan and ionic crosslinkers: Characterization and drug delivery. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.31375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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20
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Grassi M, Sandolo C, Perin D, Coviello T, Lapasin R, Grassi G. Structural characterization of calcium alginate matrices by means of mechanical and release tests. Molecules 2009; 14:3003-17. [PMID: 19701141 PMCID: PMC6255323 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14083003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2009] [Revised: 08/04/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we have concentrated on the characterization of calcium alginate hydrogels loaded with a model drug (myoglobin) by means of a mechanical approach; in addition, release tests of myoglobin from alginate hydrogels were performed. At a fixed temperature, relaxation tests (mechanical study) were carried out on matrices constituted by different polymer concentrations. The interpretation of the relaxation behavior of the different matrices was conducted using the generalized Maxwell model; as a result of this investigation it was possible to conclude that for polymer concentrations greater than 0.5 g/ 100 mL the matrices behaved as solid materials. In addition, it was observed that the mechanical properties of the matrices increased with polymer concentration. With regard to the release tests, the diffusion coefficient of myoglobin in the matrix in relation to polymer concentrations was determined. The mechanical and release data where then analyzed by Flory's theory and by a modified free-volume theory, respectively, to estimate the network mesh size xi. The comparison between the mesh sizes obtained by the two approaches showed a satisfactory agreement for polymer concentrations greater than 0.5 g/100 mL. It should be noted that the approach proposed here to determine the polymeric network meshes is absolutely general and can be advantageously applied to the characterization of other similar polymeric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Grassi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dell'Ambiente e delle Materie prime, Università di Trieste, P.le Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; E-mail: (R.L.)
| | - Chiara Sandolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; E-mails: (C.S.), (T.C.)
| | - Danilo Perin
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dell'Ambiente e delle Materie prime, Università di Trieste, P.le Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; E-mail: (R.L.)
- PROTOS Research Institute, Via Flavia 23/1, 34100 Trieste, Italy; E-mail: (D.P.)
| | - Tommasina Coviello
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy; E-mails: (C.S.), (T.C.)
| | - Romano Lapasin
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dell'Ambiente e delle Materie prime, Università di Trieste, P.le Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy; E-mail: (R.L.)
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della vita, Università di Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy; E-mail: (G.G.)
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21
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Cappelli A, Galeazzi S, Giuliani G, Anzini M, Grassi M, Lapasin R, Grassi G, Farra R, Dapas B, Aggravi M, Donati A, Zetta L, Boccia AC, Bertini F, Samperi F, Vomero S. Synthesis and Spontaneous Polymerization of Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Conjugated Benzofulvene Macromonomers. A Polymer Brush Forming a Physical Hydrogel. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma802429g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cappelli
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Simone Galeazzi
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Germano Giuliani
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Maurizio Anzini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Mario Grassi
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Romano Lapasin
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Rossella Farra
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Barbara Dapas
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Marianna Aggravi
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Alessandro Donati
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Lucia Zetta
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Antonella Caterina Boccia
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Fabio Bertini
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Filippo Samperi
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
| | - Salvatore Vomero
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico and European Research Centre for Drug Discovery and Development, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy, Department of Chemical Engineering DICAMP, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Giorgeri 7, I-34127, Trieste, Italy, Department of Clinical, Morphological and Technological Sciences, University Hospital of Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149,
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22
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Peculiar behavior of polysaccharide/borax hydrogel tablets: a dynamomechanical characterization. Colloid Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-008-1980-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Grassi M. Membranes in Drug Delivery. HANDBOOK OF MEMBRANE SEPARATIONS 2008:427-471. [DOI: 10.1201/9781420009484.ch15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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24
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Bocchinfuso G, Palleschi A, Mazzuca C, Coviello T, Alhaique F, Marletta G. Theoretical and Experimental Study on a Self-Assembling Polysaccharide Forming Nanochannels: Static and Dynamic Effects Induced by a Soft Confinement. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:6473-83. [DOI: 10.1021/jp076074f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Bocchinfuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Palleschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzuca
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Tommasina Coviello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Franco Alhaique
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Marletta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Roma, Italy, Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, viale A. Doria, 95125 Catania, Italy
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25
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Sandolo C, Matricardi P, Alhaique F, Coviello T. Dynamo-mechanical and rheological characterization of guar gum hydrogels. Eur Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Kony DB, Damm W, Stoll S, van Gunsteren WF, Hünenberger PH. Explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations of the polysaccharide schizophyllan in water. Biophys J 2007; 93:442-55. [PMID: 17237195 PMCID: PMC1896245 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.106.086116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophyllan is a beta(1-->3)-D-glucan polysaccharide with beta(1-->6)-branched lateral glucose residues that presents a very stiff triple-helical structure under most experimental conditions. Despite the remarkable stability of this structure (which persists up to 120 degrees C in aqueous solution), schizophyllan undergoes a major change of state around 7 degrees C in water that has been hypothesized to result from an order-disorder transition in the lateral residues. This hypothesis is only supported by indirect experimental evidence and detailed knowledge (at the atomic level) concerning hydrogen-bonding networks, interactions with the solvent molecules, orientational freedom of the lateral residues, and orientational correlations among them is still lacking. In this study explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations of a schizophyllan fragment (complemented by simulations of its tetrasaccharide monomer) are performed at three different temperatures (273 K, 350 K, and 450 K) and with two different types of boundary conditions (finite nonperiodic or infinite periodic fragment) as an attempt to provide detailed structural and dynamical information about the triple-helical conformation in solution and the mechanism of the low-temperature transition. These simulations suggest that three important driving forces for the high stability of the triple helix are i), the limited conformational work involved in its formation; ii), the formation of a dense hydrogen-bonding network at its center; and iii), the formation of interchain hydrogen bonds between main-chain and lateral glucose residues. However, these simulations evidence a moderate and continuous variation of the simulated observables upon increasing the temperature, rather than a sharp transition between the two lowest temperatures (that could be associated with the state transition). Although water-mediated hydrogen-bonded association of neighboring lateral residues is observed, this interaction is not strong enough to promote the formation of an ordered state (correlated motions of the lateral residues), even at the lowest temperature considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Kony
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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27
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Matricardi P, Onorati I, Masci G, Coviello T, Alhaique F. Semi-IPN hydrogel based on scleroglucan and alginate: drug delivery behavior and mechanical characterisation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(07)50035-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Pardini OR, Amalvy JI, François N, Daraio ME. Properties of pH-dependent tertiary amine-based gels as potential drug delivery matrices. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Matricardi P, Onorati I, Coviello T, Alhaique F. Drug delivery matrices based on scleroglucan/alginate/borax gels. Int J Pharm 2006; 316:21-8. [PMID: 16554128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2005] [Revised: 01/17/2006] [Accepted: 02/13/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to obtain a new drug delivery matrix, especially designed for protein delivery, based on biodegradable and biocompatible polymers, and to describe its main physico-chemical properties. A polysaccharide based semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) was built up, composed by sodium alginate chains interspersed into a scleroglucan/borax hydrogel network. Tablets were obtained by compression of the resulting freeze-dried hydrogel. The different release and physico-chemical properties possessed by the two starting polymers in various aqueous media were combined in the new matrix. In this work, description is given of the in vitro ability of the matrix to deliver in a controlled manner a protein, Myoglobin, in distilled water, simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid; the release, simulating a gastric passage, followed by an enteric delivery, was also carried out. Water uptake data, colorimetric experiments and scanning electron microscopy images are given for the characterization of this new solid dosage form; the importance of the borax presence is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Matricardi
- Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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30
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Palleschi A, Coviello T, Bocchinfuso G, Alhaique F. Investigation on a new scleroglucan/borax hydrogel: structure and drug release. Int J Pharm 2006; 322:13-21. [PMID: 16806759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2005] [Revised: 03/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to elucidate the structure of the new hydrogel prepared with scleroglucan (Sclg) and borax, suitable for drug delivery, applying theoretical approaches, and to explain its very peculiar swelling. The possible linkages with borate ions have been investigated and original parameters for the 4,6-gluco-borate moiety have been introduced. The structures relative to the Sclg chains in the presence of borax and the possible mutual arrangements among the triple helices are given. According to molecular dynamics simulations, the most probable assembly of the chains in the network is proposed, without and in the presence of three tested model drugs with different molecular dimensions: theophylline (TPH), Vitamin B12 (Vit. B12) and myoglobin (MGB). The hydrogel supramolecular structure, formed via chemical and physical linkages among the polysaccharidic chains, is built up taking into account the steric hindrance of the entrapped molecules. It is shown that molecular dynamics analysis can be a useful tool capable to shed some light on the anomalous swelling of the hydrogel, suitable for drug release, giving a new insight on the network structure and the release rate of the guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Palleschi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
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31
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Carvajal-Millan E, Guilbert S, Doublier JL, Micard V. Arabinoxylan/protein gels: Structural, rheological and controlled release properties. Food Hydrocoll 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2005.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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François NJ, Rojas AM, Daraio ME. Rheological and drug-release behaviour of a scleroglucan gel matrix at different drug loadings. POLYM INT 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.1889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Jiskoot W, Santi P. Innovative therapeutics: from molecules to medicines. 27 June-7 July 2004, Parma, Italy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2005; 1:185-90. [PMID: 16296730 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.1.1.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Socrates Intensive Programme offers annual courses focusing on the specific aspects of innovative therapeutics. The 2004 meeting was coordinated by the University of Parma and covered various subjects in the field of advanced drug delivery and pharmaceutical technology, including sessions on biopharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, polymers, oral delivery, colloidal vectors, peptide and protein delivery, vaccines, oligonucleotide delivery, gene delivery, non-conventional routes of administration, and a graduate student symposium. The meeting had a highly interactive character and provided a unique opportunity for young scientists to present and discuss their work in an international setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Jiskoot
- Utrecht University, Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), PO Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Palleschi A, Bocchinfuso G, Coviello T, Alhaique F. Molecular dynamics investigations of the polysaccharide scleroglucan: first study on the triple helix structure. Carbohydr Res 2005; 340:2154-62. [PMID: 16043160 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2005.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2004] [Revised: 06/10/2005] [Accepted: 06/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Explicit solvent molecular dynamics (MD) simulations on the triple helix of the polysaccharide Scleroglucan (Sclg) at two temperatures (273 and 300 K) were carried out. Owing to the complexity of the system, a united-atom force field, based on the properly modified GROMACS parameters, was adopted. To test these parameters for our system, MD simulations of the two disaccharidic units, representing the main chain and the side-chain linkages of the Sclg repeating unit, were performed and the results were compared with the literature data. The simulated triple helix of Sclg retained the main experimentally determined features of the polymer. The residence times of the solvent molecules at 273 and 300 K were analyzed. The results show that the more internal water molecules, interacting with the core of the Sclg triplex are not influenced substantially by changing the temperature, on the contrary the water molecules, interacting with the side-chain glucose residues show more significant differences. These data suggest that the more external water molecules, interacting with the side chain, play a major role in the conformational transition experimentally observed at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Palleschi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Italy.
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Coviello T, Alhaique F, Parisi C, Matricardi P, Bocchinfuso G, Grassi M. A new polysaccharidic gel matrix for drug delivery: preparation and mechanical properties. J Control Release 2005; 102:643-56. [PMID: 15681086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2004] [Accepted: 10/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A new type of hydrogel was prepared, under controlled conditions, by diffusion of Ca(II) ions into a solution of the carboxylated derivative of Scleroglucan (Sclerox). The obtained hydrogel was loaded with Theophylline (TPH) and Myoglobin (MGB), two model drugs of remarkably different steric hindrance, and also used, after freeze drying, for the preparation of tablets. Release studies were carried out on both the freshly prepared gel and on the tablets. As far as the gel systems experiments are concerned, the delivery profiles resulted to be deeply dependent on the molecular dimensions of the loaded molecules; TPH was easily released while the larger tested molecule (MGB) remained partially entrapped within the three-dimensional network. Furthermore, in the case of MGB, the release was dependent also on polymer concentration (c(p)): at the highest investigated c(p) value a corresponding lowest delivery of the guest molecule was observed. This effect of polymer concentration on the rate of delivery was studied applying three different mathematical approaches: the one that better fitted the experimental release profile allowed to support the explanation of the mechanism involved in the observed two-step delivery that has been related to the drug trapping inside the clusters of the gel network. The delivery profiles from the tablets showed how the release, in this case, could be related, essentially, to the molecular dimensions of the guest molecules, independently on the c(p) used to prepare the starting hydrogel. TPH was completely delivered in a few hours while the MGB was almost unable to diffuse out of the matrix and more than 80% resulted entrapped in the network for at least 24 h. The novel hydrogel, at different c(p), was also characterized by means of a texture analyzer to inspect its mechanical properties. According to the compression data, the hardness, the work of cohesion and the work of adhesion of the networks were estimated. Furthermore, by means of relaxation experiments, analysed applying the generalized Maxwell model, the gels can be classified as solid viscoelastic materials and the mechanical spectra indicated a predominance of the viscous behaviour, while the Young modulus, E0, as expected, was found to increase with polymer concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommasina Coviello
- Dipartimento di Studi di Chimica e Tecnologia delle Sostanze Biologicamente Attive, Università La Sapienza, P.le A .Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Scleroglucan: a versatile polysaccharide for modified drug delivery. Molecules 2005; 10:6-33. [PMID: 18007275 PMCID: PMC6147732 DOI: 10.3390/10010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2004] [Accepted: 07/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Scleroglucan is a natural polysaccharide, produced by fungi of the genus Sclerotium, that has been extensively studied for various commercial applications (secondary oil recovery, ceramic glazes, food, paints, etc.) and also shows several interesting pharmacological properties. This review focuses its attention on the use of scleroglucan, and some derivatives, in the field of pharmaceutics and in particular for the formulation of modified-release dosage forms. The reported investigations refer mainly to the following topics: natural scleroglucan suitable for the preparation of sustained release tablets and ocular formulations; oxidized and crosslinked scleroglucan used as a matrix for dosage forms sensitive to environmental conditions; co-crosslinked scleroglucan/gellan whose delivery rate can be affected by calcium ions. Furthermore, a novel hydrogel obtained with this polysaccharide and borate ions is described, and the particular structure of this hydrogel network has been interpreted in terms of conformational analysis and molecular dynamics. Profound attention is devoted to the mechanisms involved in drug release from the tested dosage forms that depend, according to the specific preparation, on swelling and/or diffusion. Experimental data are also discussed on the basis of a mathematical approach that allows a better understanding of the behavior of the tested polymeric materials.
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