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Xavier MC, Martins LP, Moura RM, Morais DF, Barbosa JVL, Figueiredo RA, Peixer MAS, de Andrade RV, Viana JHM. Evaluation of the effects of the recommended oral dose of diflubenzuron on bovine sperm and oocyte quality using CASA and OPU-IVEP. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1215722. [PMID: 37496752 PMCID: PMC10366606 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1215722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate potential effects of diflubenzuron on the production and quality of gametes, and on in vitro embryo production (IVEP) outcomes, in cattle. Methods Two experiments were performed, the first to evaluate effects on semen, and the second on cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) and on IVEP. Nelore (Bos taurus indicus) bulls (n = 14) or heifers (n = 16) were allocated into control (CG) or treatment (DIF) groups. All groups received a mineral mix supplement added (DIF) or not (CG) with diflubenzuron (30 mg/head/day), during 8 weeks. Animals were weighed and blood samples were collected throughout the experimental period. Every other week, bulls were subjected to semen collection and heifers to transvaginal ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration sessions. Semen underwent physical and morphological evaluation, and samples were stored for further computer-assisted sperm analysis. The COC recovered were evaluated according to morphology and those classified as viable were sent to an IVEP laboratory. Results Diflubenzuron had no effect (P > 0.05) on average body weight or in any blood hematological or biochemical endpoints, regardless of gender. In experiment 1, there was no difference (P > 0.05) between DIF and CG groups for sperm concentration, morphology, or kinetics. In experiment 2, there was also no effect of diflubenzuron on the number of total, viable, or grade I oocytes, as well as on cleavage or blastocyst rates (P > 0.05). Discussion In summary, the oral administration of diflubenzuron, within the recommended dose, has no short-term negative effects on sperm production and quality or on oocyte yield and developmental potential in vitro, in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Cunha Xavier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Bio Biotecnologia da Reprodução Animal, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Leticia Prates Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Martins Moura
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Divino Fabio Morais
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro Universitário de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Joao Vitor Lima Barbosa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro Universitário de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rosangela Vieira de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Joao Henrique Moreira Viana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Phatchana R, Senawong T, Lakornwong W, Sribuhom T, Yenjai C. A new sesquiterpenoid juvenile hormone III from the stems of Cananga latifolia. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:1185-1191. [PMID: 35130808 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2030316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A new juvenile hormone III, canangalia I (1), along with six known juvenile hormone III analogues (2-7), was isolated from the methanolic extract of Cananga latifolia stems. All structures were elucidated using spectroscopic data and compared with data from previous literature. Canangalia I (1) was found to be cytotoxic against human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cells with an IC50 value of 35.00 ± 2.15 µg/ml after 72 h, but was not toxic to Vero cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchanee Phatchana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, KhonKaen campus, Khon Kaen 40000, Thailand
| | - Thanaset Senawong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Waranya Lakornwong
- Natural Product Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Thurdpong Sribuhom
- Natural Product Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chavi Yenjai
- Natural Product Research Unit, Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Graham GG, Scott KF. Limitations of drug concentrations used in cell culture studies for understanding clinical responses of NSAIDs. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1261-1278. [PMID: 34510275 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review, the in vitro cellular effects of six nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), salicylate, ibuprofen, naproxen, indomethacin, celecoxib and diclofenac, are examined. Inhibition of prostanoid synthesis in vitro generally occurs within the therapeutic range of plasma concentrations that are observed in vivo, consistent with the major action of NSAIDs being inhibition of prostanoid production. An additional probable cellular action of NSAIDs has been discovered recently, viz. decreased oxidation of the endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and arachidonyl ethanolamide. Many effects of NSAIDs, other than decreased oxidation of arachidonic acid and endocannabinoids, have been put forward but almost all of these additional processes are observed at supratherapeutic concentrations when the concentration of albumin, the major protein that binds NSAIDs, is taken into account. However, one exception is salicylate, a very potent inhibitor of the neutrophilic enzyme, myeloperoxidase, the inhibition of which leads to reduced production of the inflammatory mediator, hypochlorous acid, and inhibition of the inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garry G Graham
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia. .,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Kieran F Scott
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia. .,Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, 1 Campbell St, Liverpool, NSW, 2170, Australia.
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Azevedo RDS, Falcão KVG, Assis CRD, Martins RMG, Araújo MC, Yogui GT, Neves JL, Seabra GM, Maia MBS, Amaral IPG, Leite ACR, Bezerra RS. Effects of pyriproxyfen on zebrafish brain mitochondria and acetylcholinesterase. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128029. [PMID: 33297050 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pyriproxyfen is an insecticide used worldwide that acts as a biomimetic of juvenile hormone. This study investigated metabolic and synaptic impairments triggered by pyriproxyfen using zebrafish acetylcholinesterase (zbAChE) and mitochondria as markers. A brain zbAChE assay was performed in vitro and in vivo covering a range of pyriproxyfen concentrations (0.001-10 μmol/L) to assess inhibition kinetics. Docking simulations were performed to characterize inhibitory interactions. Zebrafish male adults were acutely exposed to 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 μg/mL pyriproxyfen for 16 h. Mitochondrial respiration of brain tissues was assessed. ROS generation was estimated using H2DCF-DA and MitoSOX. Calcium transport was monitored by Calcium Green™ 5 N. NO synthesis activity was estimated using DAF-FM-DA. Brain acetylcholinesterase showed an in vivo IC20 of 0.30 μmol/L pyriproxyfen, and an IC50 of 92.5 μmol/L. The inhibitory effect on zbAChE activity was competitive-like. Respiratory control of Complex I/II decreased significantly after insecticide exposure. The MitoSOX test showed that O2- generation had a pyriproxyfen dose-dependent effect. Brain tissue lost 50% of Ca2+ uptake capacity at 0.1 μg/mL pyriproxyfen. Ca2+ release showed a clear mitochondrial impairment at lower pyriproxyfen exposures. Thus, Ca2+ transport imbalance caused by pyriproxyfen may be a novel deleterious mechanism of action. Overall, the results showed that pyriproxyfen can compromise multiple and interconnected pathways: (1) zbAChE impairment and (2) the functioning of the electron transport chain, ROS generation and calcium homeostasis in zebrafish brain mitochondria. Considering the many similarities between zebrafish and human, more caution is needed when pyriproxyfen is used in both urban and agricultural pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael D S Azevedo
- Laboratório de Enzimologia - LABENZ, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Kivia V G Falcão
- Laboratório de Enzimologia - LABENZ, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Caio R D Assis
- Laboratório de Enzimologia - LABENZ, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos - OrganoMAR, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | | | - Marlyete C Araújo
- Laboratório de Enzimologia - LABENZ, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Gilvan T Yogui
- Laboratório de Compostos Orgânicos em Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos - OrganoMAR, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Jorge L Neves
- Laboratório de Química Biológica - LQB, Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo M Seabra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), School of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Maria B S Maia
- Laboratório de Farmacologia de Produtos Bioativos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | - Ian P G Amaral
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal da Paraiba (UFPB), Campus I, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.
| | - Ana C R Leite
- Laboratório de Bioenergética Prof. Aníbal Vercesi, Departamento de Química e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, AL, Brazil.
| | - Ranilson S Bezerra
- Laboratório de Enzimologia - LABENZ, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Timoumi R, Amara I, Salem IB, Buratti MF, Testai E, Abid-Essefi S. The implication of ROS production on triflumuron-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in human colon carcinoma (HCT-116) cells. TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH AND APPLICATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2397847320931792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the cytotoxic and the genotoxic effects of triflumuron (TFM) on human colon carcinoma cells (HCT-116). Indeed, TFM is used to protect vegetables, fruits, and domestic animals against a large spectrum of parasites causing animal and human disorders. However, studies revealing its toxicity and its mode of action in mammalian systems remain very limited. We monitored our work with the cytotoxicity assay starting with the cell viability test, the ROS generation, the malondialdehyde (MDA) production, the DNA fragmentation, and the measurement of some antioxidant enzymes activities such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and the glutathione S-transferase. Also, we measured the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. We showed that TFM induced a dose-dependent cell death. This decrease in cell viability was accompanied by a significant reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential. We also have shown that TFM induced oxidative stress as revealed by the generation of reactive oxygen species, the increase of the MDA levels, and the activation of the antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, our results indicated that TFM induced DNA damage in HCT-116 cells as monitored by the comet assay. We demonstrate, for the first time, the cytotoxic and the genotoxic potentials of TFM on human cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Timoumi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ines Amara
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Intidhar Ben Salem
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medecine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Emanuella Testai
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Environment and Health Department, Roma, Italy
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds (LRSBC), Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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Liu H, Li P, Wang P, Liu D, Zhou Z. Toxicity risk assessment of pyriproxyfen and metabolites in the rat liver: A vitro study. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 389:121835. [PMID: 31843398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pyriproxyfen (PYR) is a type of aromatic juvenile hormone analog and a hygienic insecticide used in agriculture to control insect species. Therefore, assessing the metabolic behavior and toxic effects of PYR in mammals is the best means of evaluating its risks to human health. Previous studies have reported conflicting results regarding the toxicity risks of PYR and its metabolites in rat hepatocytes. We used ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to perform a chiral analysis of PYR and its metabolites investigating the enantioselective metabolism of PYR in rat liver microsomes. Our results concluded that the recoveries of PYR, metabolites A and B ranged from 81.13%-111.54 %, with RSD values of 0.01 %-6.52 %. The method limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) for PYR, metabolites A and B were in accordance with the analysis requirements. Previous studies have demonstrated the enantioselective metabolism of PYR and the generation of metabolites. Measurements of cell proliferation toxicity to rat hepatocytes, apoptosis and DNA damage induced by PYR and its metabolites in rat hepatocytes indicated that the metabolites reflected higher toxicity potential than PYR in rat hepatocytes. More studies about the molecular mechanism of PYR-induced toxicity are urgently needed in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peize Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Donghui Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing 100193, China
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7
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Timoumi R, Amara I, Ben Salem I, Abid-Essefi S. Triflumuron induces cytotoxic effects on hepatic and renal human cell lines. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22504. [PMID: 32227688 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Insect growth regulator insecticides are a new class of pesticides, commonly used around the world to control insect damages. Among those compounds, we focused our interest on triflumuron (TFM), which is less toxic than other conventional insecticides. However, not much is known about its toxic effects on mammalian systems. Therefore, our study aimed toward evaluating the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of TFM using two different cell lines, the human renal embryonic cells (HEK 293) and hepatocytes (Hep G2). We showed, according to the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, that TFM reduced significantly the cell viability and increased the reactive oxygen species generation, malondialdehyde levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential in both cell lines. The antioxidant system was disturbed as assessed by the increased activities in both catalase and superoxide dismutase. We demonstrated also, that TFM is an inductor of DNA damages quantified by the comet assay. Moreover, we showed an overexpression of proapoptotic Bax and a decrease in antiapoptotic Bcl-2 expression. As a conclusion, we demonstrate that the liver presents the major target organ to TFM, in which the cytotoxicity and the genotoxic effects were significantly higher in hepatic cells than in renal cells and by consequence its uses must be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Timoumi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ines Amara
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Intidhar Ben Salem
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry, Monastir, Tunisia
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Timoumi R, Salem IB, Amara I, Annabi E, Abid-Essefi S. Protective effects of fennel essential oil against oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by the insecticide triflumuron in human colon carcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:7957-7966. [PMID: 31893363 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07395-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increased use of pesticides is the origin of multiple damages to the environment and to humans; thus, the search for new strategies to reduce or even protect the toxic effects caused by these synthetic products became a necessity. In this context, our study attempted to evaluate the protective effects of fennel essential oil (FEO), the main essential oil extracted from Faeniculum vulgare Mill., a plant with aromatic, flavorful, and medicinal uses, against toxicity induced by an insecticide-triflumuron (TFM)-in human carcinoma cells (HCT116). Our methodological approach consists of the cytotoxicity assay starting with the cell viability test, the ROS generation, the malondialdehyde (MDA) production, the DNA fragmentation, and the measurement of some antioxidant enzymes activities such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Also, we measured the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. The outcome of the current study showed clearly that after 2 h of HCT 116 cell pretreatment with FEO, there were increase in cell viability, reduction in ROS generation, and modulation in CAT and SOD activities induced by TFM. In the same manner, significant decreases in MDA levels were found. Mainly, the results indicated a perceptible decrease in DNA damages and a significant reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential loss. Our work demonstrates that FEO can be an important protector against toxic effects induced by TFM in HCT 116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Timoumi
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medecine, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue TaherHadded, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Ines Amara
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medecine, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue TaherHadded, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Emna Annabi
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medecine, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue TaherHadded, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salwa Abid-Essefi
- University of Monastir, Faculty of Dental Medecine, Laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, LR01SE17, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Alves PES, Oliveira MDDAD, Marcos de Almeida P, Martins FA, Amélia de Carvalho Melo Cavalcante A, de Jesus Aguiar Dos Santos Andrade T, Feitosa CM, Rai M, Campinho Dos Reis A, Soares da Costa Júnior J. Determination by chromatography and cytotoxotoxic and oxidative effects of pyriproxyfen and pyridalyl. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 224:398-406. [PMID: 30831490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyriproxyfen (PPF) is a larvicide, used to combat the proliferation of Aedes aegypti larvae. The objective of this study was to analyze the compounds of pyriproxyfen and pyridalyl (PYL) in a commercial larvicide to analyze the cytotoxic and oxidative effects of PPF and PYL. The toxic potential of PPF and PYL were assessed based on lethal concentration (LC50) in Artemia salina, cytotoxicity based on the mitotic index and the chromosomal alterations in Allium cepa and the oxidative damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The PPF and PYL compounds were identified by HPLC-PDA based on their retention times and spectral data. The wavelengths λmax (258 nm) and (271 nm) of the UV spectrum of PYL and PPF and the retention times (RT) (3.38 min) and (4.03 min), respectively. The toxicological potentials of PPF and PYL were significant at concentrations (1, 10, 100 and 1000 ppm), with an LC50 of 48 h (0.5 ppm). PPF and PYL pointed out a cytotoxic effect in A. cepa at all concentrations (0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 100 and 1000 ppm), genotoxic effect at concentrations only (0.0001; 0.1; 1; 100 and 1000 ppm), and mutagenic for concentrations (0.1, 100 and 1000 ppm). In relation S. cerevisiae, PPF e PYL prompted oxidative damage at concentrations (100 and 1000 ppm) in all strains (SODWT, Sod1, Sod2, Sod1Sod2, Cat1 and Sod1Cat1). Therefore, the PPF and PYL identificated in commercial larvicide by HPLC-PDA produced cytotoxic and oxidative effects that could cause health and ecosystem risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia E Silva Alves
- Post-Graduation Department in Chemistry, State University of Piauí, zip code 64003-120, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
| | | | - Pedro Marcos de Almeida
- Post-Graduation Department in Chemistry, State University of Piauí, zip code 64003-120, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francielle Aline Martins
- Post-Graduation Department in Chemistry, State University of Piauí, zip code 64003-120, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mahendra Rai
- Biotechnology Departament, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati University, Amravati, 444 602, Maharashtra, India
| | - Antonielly Campinho Dos Reis
- Post-Graduation Department in Pharmacy, Federal University of Piauí, zip code 64049-550, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
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Chłopecka M, Mendel M, Dziekan N, Karlik W. The effect of pyriproxyfen on the motoric activity of rat intestine - In vitro study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:1146-1152. [PMID: 30029324 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The application of pyriproxyfen (PPF) to drinking water and constant exposure of the whole population to this insecticide is an unprecedented action on a world scale and presents a new and serious challenge for toxicology. The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential effect of PPF on the intestine muscle activity. The experiments were performed on isolated duodenum and jejunum strips of rat, in isometric conditions. Doses of PPF in the range of 0.032-100 μM were used in the experiments. The obtained results indicate that PPF affected significantly the spontaneous activity of duodenum and jejunum strips, PPF caused the muscle relaxation when used in the concentration of 0.8 μM and higher. The reaction to acetylcholine (ACh) when PPF preceded or followed ACh application was also reduced. It is demonstrated that the reduction of the contraction caused by ACh was stronger when duodenum strips were preincubated in the presence of PPF solution than in case of ACh-precontracted strips. The first significant reaction of duodenal strips appeared in the presence of PPF in a dose of 0.16 μM and 0.8 μM when the insecticide application preceded and followed ACh treatment, respectively. Besides, the duodenum turned out to be much more susceptible to the tested insecticide than jejunum. Taking into account PPF kinetic data obtained in animals, the observed disturbances were caused by the insecticide used in relatively high concentrations. However, the full risk estimation requires the kinetic data obtained in human, especially from monitoring studies on general population after long-term exposure to PPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Chłopecka
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 8, Ciszewskiego St., 02-786, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Mendel
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 8, Ciszewskiego St., 02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Dziekan
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 8, Ciszewskiego St., 02-786, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Karlik
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 8, Ciszewskiego St., 02-786, Warsaw, Poland
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Parker CN, Pereira RM, Baldwin RW, Chaskopoulou A, Koehler PG. Laboratory Evaluation of a Novel Lethal Ovitrap for Control of Aedes aegypti. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 54:1666-1673. [PMID: 28968892 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) are known to flourish in a variety of natural and residential habitats and are competent vectors of at least 22 different arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Their global distribution, anthropophilic nature, and vector competency make them species of interest for control. A novel durable dual-action lethal ovitrap (DDALO) with combined larviciding and adulticiding effects, as well as a slow-release polymer (isobutyl methacrylate), was designed to target Ae. aegypti. The use of the DDALO resulted in high adult mosquito mortality (~95-100%) in no-choice laboratory cage studies targeting gravid females and successfully prevented all deposited eggs from hatching. Aging of the traps caused some loss in activity over time, but they still caused adult mortality (~50%) and continued to prevent successful hatching of eggs for 6 mo. Oviposition preference studies resulted in ~4.5 times as many larvae developing in untreated DDALOs compared with the other containers combined. Small-cage multigenerational studies resulted in significantly lower populations of adult mosquitoes in cages containing treated DDALOs after 4 wk. Successful laboratory studies show that the DDALO appears to be a promising tool that could be used for controlling wild vector populations of Ae. aegypti in combination with other mosquito control practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey N Parker
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida - IFAS, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL 32962
| | - Roberto M Pereira
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida - IFAS, 970 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Rebecca W Baldwin
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida - IFAS, 970 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Alexandra Chaskopoulou
- European Biological Control Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Tsimiki 43, 7th Floor, Thessaloniki 54623, Greece
| | - Philip G Koehler
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida - IFAS, 970 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611
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Bastos CM, D'Avila OP, Umpierre RN, Gonçalves MR, Faccini LS, Harzheim E. O uso de larvicidas em água potável é seguro? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA DE FAMÍLIA E COMUNIDADE 2016. [DOI: 10.5712/rbmfc11(38)1300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Provavelmente sim. Não existem evidências que comprovem a segurança do uso de larvicidas em água potável. Entretanto, os poucos estudos que existem avaliando o efeito em população de mamíferos, assim como as avaliações de biodisponibilidades e citotoxicidade, demonstram que em baixa concentração são seguros e não há efeitos carcinogênicos ou genotóxico. Os larvicidas avaliados e autorizados para uso em água potável pela Organização Mundial de Saúde, destinada para consumo humano são: DIFLUBENZUROM, METOPRENO, NOVALUROM, Pirimifós/, PIRIPROXIFEM, ESPINOSADE, TEMEFÓS, além do Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (BTI). Recomenda-se sempre usar a dose correta dos larvicidas. O temephós é utilizado para tratamento de focos, mas não deve ser utilizado em aquários com peixes. Aprovado para uso em água de consumo humano. O pyriproxyfen é um éter e não há evidências que comprovem que cause dano em fetos de mamíferos. BTI é recomendado como larvicida para uso em saúde pública, é uma bactéria que em contato com a água libera substâncias tóxicas para as larvas de alguns insetos. A aplicação deverá ser realizada por profissional treinado. O BTI não apresenta ingesta diária aceitável, entretanto a orientação de uso deve ser de 1-5mg/litro. A avaliação de substâncias químicas de qualquer natureza sempre deve salientar a possibilidade de bioacumulação. As substâncias que não são biodegradadas, são biopersistentes e mantêm-se em altas quantidades nos tecidos dos seres vivos. Portanto, mesmo que as substâncias não sejam para consumo humano direto a avaliação do seu uso na agricultura, leito de rio e pastos deve ser avaliada criteriosamente.
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A Review of the Applications of Chitin and Its Derivatives in Agriculture to Modify Plant-Microbial Interactions and Improve Crop Yields. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy3040757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Ahmadi F, Jamali N, Moradian R, Astinchap B. Binding Studies of Pyriproxyfen to DNA by Multispectroscopic Atomic Force Microscopy and Molecular Modeling Methods. DNA Cell Biol 2012; 31:259-68. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2011.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Ahmadi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Jamali
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rostam Moradian
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
- Nano Technology Research Laboratory, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Bandar Astinchap
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
- Nano Technology Research Laboratory, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Maran E, Fernández M, Barbieri P, Font G, Ruiz MJ. Effects of four carbamate compounds on antioxidant parameters. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2009; 72:922-930. [PMID: 18328561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2008.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2006] [Revised: 12/20/2007] [Accepted: 01/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The effect of four carbamates, aldicarb and its metabolites (aldicarb sulfone and aldicarb sulfoxide) and propoxur on glutathione content and the activity of the enzymes involved in the sulfur-redox cycle in the mammalian cellular model CHO-K1 cells after 24-h exposure were determined. Carbamate exposure resulted in a depletion of intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) content, no change was observed in oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and a decrease in GSH/GSSG ratio was detected. After carbamates exposition a GSH/GSSG decreases in ranged from 12.44% to 21.35% of control was observed. Depletion of GSH levels was accompanied by the induction of glutathione reductase (GR) after 24h exposure with each of the four carbamates to CHO-K1 cells. After aldicarb sulfone, aldicarb sulfoxide, and propoxur exposure, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased in CHO-K1 cells by 198%, 32%, and 228% of control, respectively. After aldicarb sulfone and propoxur exposure, glutathione transferase (GST) activities increased by 49% and 230% of control, respectively. Due to the role played by GSH in preventing cytotoxicity via free-radical scavenging, results obtained suggest that high concentrations of aldicarb sulfone and propoxur closely resembling oxidative stress in CHO-K1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Maran
- Sezione di Chimica Analitica e Ambientale, Dip. Scienze Chimiche, Universita degli Studi di Trieste, Italy
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Soin T, Swevers L, Mosallanejad H, Efrose R, Labropoulou V, Iatrou K, Smagghe G. Juvenile hormone analogs do not affect directly the activity of the ecdysteroid receptor complex in insect culture cell lines. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2008; 54:429-438. [PMID: 18093613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Revised: 10/30/2007] [Accepted: 11/08/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
During insect development, ecdysteroids and juvenile hormones (JHs) interact to regulate larval growth, metamorphosis and reproduction but the molecular mechanisms by which both hormones influence each other's activity remain unknown. Because of their ease of use and straightforward genetic manipulation, insect cell lines often have been used to clarify the actions and interactions of hormones at the molecular level. Here we report on the use of two insect culture cell lines, Drosophila melanogaster S2 and Bombyx mori Bm5 cells, to investigate two molecular processes in which ecdysteroids and JH have been shown to interact: (1) direct modulation of the activity of the ecdysteroid receptor transcription complex and (2) interference at the level of induction of the primary gene E75. Our data do not support JH analogs (JHAs) acting through the above processes: 'antagonism' of ecdysteroid receptor activity by JHAs correlated with cytotoxicity and induction of E75 expression by JHAs was not demonstrated. However, we confirm previous studies in which it was observed that methoprene can partially reverse the growth inhibition by 20E in S2 cells (but not Bm5 cells). Therefore, the molecular mechanism by which both hormones influence each other's activity to regulate cell growth in S2 cells remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Soin
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, Belgium.
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Abstract
A general increase in the use of chemicals in agriculture has brought about a concomitant increase in the incidence of agrochemical poisoning. Organophosphates are the most common agrochemical poisons followed closely by herbicides. Many agricultural poisons, such as parathion and paraquat are now mixed with a coloring agent such as indigocarmine to prevent their use criminally. In addition, paraquat is fortified with a “stenching” agent. Organo-chlorines have an entirely different mechanism of action. Whereas organophosphates have an anticholinesterase activity, organochlorines act on nerve cells interfering with the transmission of impulses through them. A kerosene-like smell also emanates from death due to organochlorines. The diagnosis lies in the chemical identification of organochlorines in the stomach contents or viscera. Organochlorines also resist putrefaction and can be detected long after death. Paraquat has been involved in suicidal, accidental, and homicidal poisonings. It is mildly corrosive and ulceration around lips and mouth is common in this poisoning. However, the hallmark of paraquat poisoning, especially when the victim has survived a few days, are the profound changes in lungs. Other agrochemicals such as algicides, aphicides, herbicide safeneres, fertilizers, and so on, are less commonly encountered. Governments in most countries have passed legislations to prevent accidental poisonings with these agents. The US government passed the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) in 1962 and the Indian government passed The Insecticides Act in 1968. Among other things, these acts require manufacturers to use signal words on the labels of insecticides, so the public is warned of their toxicity and accompanying danger.
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Sapone A, Pozzetti L, Canistro D, Broccoli M, Bronzetti G, Potenza G, Affatato A, Biagi GL, Cantelli-Forti G, Paolini M. CYP superfamily perturbation by diflubenzuron or acephate in different tissues of CD1 mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2005; 43:173-83. [PMID: 15582210 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2004.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2004] [Accepted: 09/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate whether the insecticide acephate (125 or 250 mg/kg b.w.) or diflubenzuron (752 or 1075 mg/kg b.w.), two of the most widely used pesticides worldwide, impairs CYP-linked murine metabolism in liver, kidney and lung microsomes after repeated (daily, for three consecutive days) i.p. administration. The regio- and stereo-selective hydroxylation of testosterone was used as multibiomarker of different CYP isoforms. Both gender and tissue specific effects were observed. Lung was the most responsive tissue to induction by lower diflubenzuron dose, as exemplified by the marked increase of testosterone 7alpha-hydroxylation (CYP2A) (up to 13-fold) in males. Higher dose produced a generalized inactivation. At the lower dose acephate induced 6beta- (CYP3A1/2, liver) as well as 2beta- (CYP2B1/2, kidney) hydroxylase activities ( approximately 5 and approximately 4-fold increase, respectively) in males. In females, a marked suppression of the various hydroxylations was observed. At 250 mg/kg of acephate, animals did not survive. Induction of the most affected isoforms was sustained by immunoblotting analysis. Corresponding human CYP modulations might disrupt normal physiological functions related to these enzymes. Furthermore, the co-mutagenic and promoting potential of these pesticides, phenomena linked to CYP upregulation (e.g. increased bioactivation of ubiquitous pollutants and generation of oxygen free radicals) are of concern for a more complete definition of their overall toxicological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sapone
- Department of Pharmacology, Molecular Toxicology Unit, Alma-Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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