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Verhaar ER, Gan J, Buhl S, Li Z, Horowitz A, Ploegh HL. A monoclonal antibody that recognizes a unique 13-residue epitope in the cytoplasmic tail of HLA-E. Mol Immunol 2024; 172:56-67. [PMID: 38901180 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The Class I MHC molecule (MHC-I) HLA-E presents peptides that are derived from the signal sequences, either those of other MHC-I products, or of viral type I membrane glycoproteins. Monoclonal antibodies with proven specificity for HLA-E, and with no cross-reactions with other MHC-I products, have yet to be described. To obtain anti-HLA-E-specific antibodies suitable for a range of applications, we generated monoclonal antibodies against a unique feature of HLA-E: its cytoplasmic tail. We created an immunogen by performing an enzymatically catalyzed transpeptidation reaction to obtain a fusion of the cytoplasmic tail of HLA-E with a nanobody that recognizes murine Class II MHC (MHC-II) products. We obtained a mouse monoclonal antibody that recognizes a 13-residue stretch in the HLA-E cytoplasmic tail. We cloned the genes that encode this antibody in expression vectors to place an LPETG sortase recognition motif at the C-terminus of the heavy and light chains. This arrangement allows the site-specific installation of fluorophores or biotin at these C-termini. The resulting immunoglobulin preparations, labeled with 4 equivalents of a fluorescent or biotinylated payload of choice, can then be used for direct immunofluorescence or detection of the tag by fluorescence or by streptavidin-based methods. We also show that the 13-residue sequence can serve as an epitope tag, independent of the site of its placement within a protein's sequence. The antibody can be used diagnostically to stain for HLA-E on patient tumor samples, it can be used as an antibody-epitope tag for extracellular proteins, and it enables research into the unique role of the cytoplasmic tail of HLA-E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisha R Verhaar
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jin Gan
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Susan Buhl
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ziao Li
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Precision Immunology Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amir Horowitz
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Precision Immunology Institute, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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Kubo T, Asano S, Sasaki K, Murata K, Kanaseki T, Tsukahara T, Hirohashi Y, Torigoe T. Assessment of cancer cell-expressed HLA class I molecules and their immunopathological implications. HLA 2024; 103:e15472. [PMID: 38699870 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has shown superior efficacy compared with conventional chemotherapy in certain cancer types, establishing immunotherapy as the fourth standard treatment alongside surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. In cancer immunotherapy employing ICIs, CD8-positive cytotoxic T lymphocytes are recognized as the primary effector cells. For effective clinical outcomes, it is essential that the targeted cancer cells express HLA class I molecules to present antigenic peptides derived from the tumor. However, cancer cells utilize various mechanisms to downregulate or lose HLA class I molecules from their surface, resulting in evasion from immune surveillance. Correlations between prognosis and the integrity of HLA class I molecules expressed by cancer cells have been consistently found across different types of cancer. This paper provides an overview of the regulatory mechanisms of HLA class I molecules and their role in cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on the significance of utilizing pathological tissues to evaluate HLA class I molecules expressed in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terufumi Kubo
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shiori Asano
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenta Sasaki
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenji Murata
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kanaseki
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tsukahara
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hirohashi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Torigoe
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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A Critical Assessment of the Association between HLA-G Expression by Carcinomas and Clinical Outcome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158265. [PMID: 34361031 PMCID: PMC8347921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) conveys immunological tolerance at the maternal-foetal interface. HLA-G expression by tumour cells may also play such a role, resulting in tumour immune evasion, making HLA-G a potential target for immunotherapies. The aim of this review was to determine to what extent it is justified that HLA-G expression is considered as a target for immune checkpoint inhibiting therapy by critically assessing the association between HLA-G expression by carcinomas and clinical outcome of patients. The used HLA-G-detecting mAb, HLA-G quantification methods and statistically significant HLA-G-associated clinicopathological parameters are discussed. Tumour HLA-G expression correlated with poor clinical outcome in breast, esophageal, gastric and hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Tumour HLA-G expression was not associated with clinical outcome in ovarian and oral carcinoma patients. Cervical, colorectal, lung, and pancreatic carcinoma patients presented discrepant and therefore inconclusive results regarding the association between tumour HLA-G expression and clinical outcome. These disparities might partly be the result of differences in the methodological approach to quantify HLA-G expression between studies. Therefore, implementation of universal methodological procedures is strongly advised. Overall, HLA-G expression did not univocally result in poor clinical outcome of carcinoma patients. This implies that tumour HLA-G expression is not necessarily part of an inhibited tumour-immune response and tumour progression. Consequently, it remains elusive whether HLA-G expression by carcinomas functions as an immune checkpoint molecule affecting a tumour-immune response. It may also reflect derailed control of gene expression in tumours, with no real functional consequences.
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Krijgsman D, Van Vlierberghe RLP, Evangelou V, Vahrmeijer AL, Van de Velde CJH, Sier CFM, Kuppen PJK. A method for semi-automated image analysis of HLA class I tumour epithelium expression in rectal cancer. Eur J Histochem 2019; 63. [PMID: 31113192 PMCID: PMC6536912 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2019.3028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers may hold the key towards development and improvement of personalized cancer treatment. For instance, tumour expression of immune system-related proteins may reveal the tumour immune status and, accordingly, determine choice for type of immunotherapy. Therefore, objective evaluation of tumour biomarker expression is needed but often challenging. For instance, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I tumour epithelium expression is cumbersome to quantify by eye due to its presence on both tumour epithelial cells and tumour stromal cells, as well as tumourinfiltrating immune cells. In this study, we solved this problem by setting up an immunohistochemical (IHC) double staining using a tissue microarray (TMA) of rectal tumours wherein HLA class I expression was coloured with a blue chromogen, whereas non-epithelial tissue was visualized with a brown chromogen. We subsequently developed a semi-automated image analysis method that identified tumour epithelium as well as the percentage of HLA class I-positive tumour epithelium. Using this technique, we compared HCA2/HC10 and EMR8-5 antibodies for the assessment of HLA class I tumour expression and concluded that EMR8-5 is the superior antibody for this purpose. This IHC double staining can in principle be used for scoring of any biomarker expressed by tumour epithelium.
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Strong CD8+ lymphocyte infiltration in combination with expression of HLA class I is associated with better tumor control in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 175:605-615. [PMID: 30868392 PMCID: PMC6534526 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are associated with pathological complete response (pCR) and survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with early breast cancer. We investigated the prognostic and predictive role of TILs, macrophages, and HLA class 1 expression after NAC with or without the potentially immune modulating compound zoledronic acid (ZA). Methods Baseline tumor biopsies from 196 patients in the NEOZOTAC trial were analyzed for CD8 (cytotoxic T-cells), FoxP3 (regulatory T-cells), CD68 (macrophages), and HLA class I (HCA2/HC10) expression by immunohistochemistry and subsequently related to pCR and disease-free survival (DFS). Results A strong intratumoral CD8+ infiltration or expression of HLA class 1 by cancer cells was associated with a higher pCR rate (p < 0.05). Clinical benefit of high CD8+ T-cell infiltration was found when cancer cells expressed HLA class 1 (pCR: 21.8% vs. 6.7%, p = 0.04) but not when HLA class 1 expression was lost or downregulated (pCR: 5.9% vs. 0%, p = 0.38). Interaction analyses revealed survival benefit between HLA class 1 expression and strong CD8+ T-cell infiltration, whereas in the absence or downregulation of HLA class 1 expression, high levels of CD8+ T-cells were associated with survival disadvantage (p for interaction 0.01; hazard ratio 0.41, 95% CI 0.15–1.10, p = 0.08 and hazard ratio 7.67, 95% CI 0.88–66.4, p = 0.07, respectively). Baseline immune markers were not related to ZA treatment. Conclusions Strong baseline tumor infiltration with CD8+ T-cells in the presence of tumoral HLA class 1 expression in patients with HER2-negative breast cancer is related to a higher pCR rate and a better DFS after NAC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10549-019-05195-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Swets M, Wouters A, Krijgsman D, van Vlierberghe RLP, Boot A, van Eendenburg JD, van Wezel T, Gelderblom H, van de Velde CJH, van den Elsen PJ, Kuppen PJK. HLA-G protein expression in colorectal cancer evaluated by immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis: Its expression characteristics remain enigmatic. Clin Immunol 2018; 194:80-86. [PMID: 30006120 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
HLA-G protein expression could play a role in evasion of tumor immune surveillance. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that HLA-G is expressed in different types of malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of the current study was to further unravel whether HLA-G protein expression could play a role in immune evasion of CRC. Therefore, to firmly establish HLA-G protein expression, eight early passage human CRC cell lines and five human rectal cancer tissues were analyzed by western blot analysis. The results obtained by western blot analysis were compared with immunohistochemistry on tumor tissue sections of the same patient. Furthermore, multiple monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), 4H84, MEM-G/1 and 5A6G7, targeting HLA-G were used to unravel staining patterns. We showed that results obtained with immunohistochemistry did not correlate with protein expression detected by western blot analysis, using three different HLA-G targeting mAbs. Furthermore, with respect to the specificity of the mAbs employed, additional immune reactivity was detected using the mAbs MEM-G/1 and 5A6G7 in western blot analysis with K562 control cell lines overexpressing HLA-A2 or HLA-G, all tumor tissues and in two out of eight CRC cell lines. Based on the current study and our previously reported results, we conclude that claiming HLA-G plays a role in immune modulation of CRC seems premature, as results from anti-body based detection of HLA-G protein remain inconclusive. Until the time that detection of HLA-G is sensitive enough to detect all aspects of HLA-G expression in biological samples, rather than transfected cells or long time cultured cell lines, conclusions should be drawn with great care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Swets
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Dept. of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Wouters
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle Krijgsman
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Arnoud Boot
- Dept. of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tom van Wezel
- Dept. of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Gelderblom
- Dept. of Medical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J van den Elsen
- Dept. of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J K Kuppen
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Ferreira LMR, Meissner TB, Tilburgs T, Strominger JL. HLA-G: At the Interface of Maternal-Fetal Tolerance. Trends Immunol 2017; 38:272-286. [PMID: 28279591 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2017.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, semiallogeneic fetal extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) invade the uterine mucosa without being rejected by the maternal immune system. Several mechanisms were initially proposed by Peter Medawar half a century ago to explain this apparent violation of the laws of transplantation. Then, three decades ago, an unusual human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecule was identified: HLA-G. Uniquely expressed in EVT, HLA-G has since become the center of the present understanding of fetus-induced immune tolerance. Despite slow progress in the field, the last few years have seen an explosion in our knowledge of HLA-G biology. Here, we critically review new insights into the mechanisms controlling the expression and function of HLA-G at the maternal-fetal interface, and discuss their relevance for fetal tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo M R Ferreira
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Torsten B Meissner
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tamara Tilburgs
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Jack L Strominger
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Chandran PA, Heidu S, Zelba H, Schmid-Horch B, Rammensee HG, Pascolo S, Gouttefangeas C. A Simple and Rapid Method for Quality Control of Major Histocompatibility Complex-Peptide Monomers by Flow Cytometry. Front Immunol 2017; 8:96. [PMID: 28228758 PMCID: PMC5296342 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) multimers are essential tools in T cell immunomonitoring, which are employed both in basic and clinical research, as well as for assessing clinical samples during therapy. The generation of MHC monomers loaded with synthetic peptides is an elaborate and time-consuming process. It would be beneficial to assess the quality of these monomers prior to downstream applications. In this technical note, we describe a novel flow cytometry-based, cell-free, quick, and robust assay to check the quality of MHC monomers directly after refolding or after long-term storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Anoop Chandran
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sonja Heidu
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Henning Zelba
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmid-Horch
- Center for Clinical Transfusion Medicine GmbH, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Rammensee
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Steve Pascolo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Gouttefangeas
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Partner Site Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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van Essen TH, van Pelt SI, Bronkhorst IHG, Versluis M, Némati F, Laurent C, Luyten GPM, van Hall T, van den Elsen PJ, van der Velden PA, Decaudin D, Jager MJ. Upregulation of HLA Expression in Primary Uveal Melanoma by Infiltrating Leukocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164292. [PMID: 27764126 PMCID: PMC5072555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Uveal melanoma (UM) with an inflammatory phenotype, characterized by infiltrating leukocytes and increased human leukocyte antigen (HLA) expression, carry an increased risk of death due to metastases. These tumors should be ideal for T-cell based therapies, yet it is not clear why prognostically-infaust tumors have a high HLA expression. We set out to determine whether the level of HLA molecules in UM is associated with other genetic factors, HLA transcriptional regulators, or microenvironmental factors. Methods 28 enucleated UM were used to study HLA class I and II expression, and several regulators of HLA by immunohistochemistry, PCR microarray, qPCR and chromosome SNP-array. Fresh tumor samples of eight primary UM and four metastases were compared to their corresponding xenograft in SCID mice, using a PCR microarray and SNP array. Results Increased expression levels of HLA class I and II showed no dosage effect of chromosome 6p, but, as expected, were associated with monosomy of chromosome 3. Increased HLA class I and II protein levels were positively associated with their gene expression and with raised levels of the peptide-loading gene TAP1, and HLA transcriptional regulators IRF1, IRF8, CIITA, and NLRC5, revealing a higher transcriptional activity in prognostically-bad tumors. Implantation of fresh human tumor samples into SCID mice led to a loss of infiltrating leukocytes, and to a decreased expression of HLA class I and II genes, and their regulators. Conclusion Our data provides evidence for a proper functioning HLA regulatory system in UM, offering a target for T-cell based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sake I van Pelt
- Department of Medical Statistics, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mieke Versluis
- Department of Ophthalmology, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Fariba Némati
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Laurent
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Peter J van den Elsen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Didier Decaudin
- Laboratory of Preclinical Investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,Department of Clinical Hematology, Institut Curie, Paris France
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Swets M, König MH, Zaalberg A, Dekker-Ensink NG, Gelderblom H, van de Velde CJH, van den Elsen PJ, Kuppen PJK. HLA-G and classical HLA class I expression in primary colorectal cancer and associated liver metastases. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:773-9. [PMID: 26968946 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
De novo expression of HLA-G has been demonstrated in colorectal cancer. HLA-G, amongst others, inhibits natural killer cell function, contributing to host immune defense evasion. Another mechanism to escape anti-tumor immunity is loss of HLA class I. Therefore, we determined HLA-G and HLA class I expression on primary colorectal tumors and associated liver metastases, in order to get insight in the metastasizing process regarding escaping anti-tumor immunity. HLA-G expression was evaluated using three mAbs; 4H84, MEM-G/1 and MEM-G/2. In total 81 colorectal cancer patients were evaluated. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of primary tumors and associated liver metastases, were immunohistochemically stained. A concordance between expression or loss/downregulation in the primary tumor and associated liver metastasis regarding HLA class I expression was observed in 80% of the cases. In contrast with the hypothesis of escaping NK cell-killing, we demonstrated for each HLA-G detecting mAbs used in this study, that the majority of the primary tumors that positively stained for HLA-G did not express HLA-G in the associated liver metastasis. Furthermore, we revealed the existence of non-specific binding and in addition we found that the different epitopes of HLA-G detected by 4H84, MEM-G/1 and MEM-G/2 mAbs were expressed differentially in colorectal tumor tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Swets
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Dept. of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marion H König
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anniek Zaalberg
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hans Gelderblom
- Dept. of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J van den Elsen
- Dept. of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands; Dept. of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J K Kuppen
- Dept. of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Kowal J, Arras G, Colombo M, Jouve M, Morath JP, Primdal-Bengtson B, Dingli F, Loew D, Tkach M, Théry C. Proteomic comparison defines novel markers to characterize heterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicle subtypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:E968-77. [PMID: 26858453 PMCID: PMC4776515 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1521230113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2274] [Impact Index Per Article: 284.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become the focus of rising interest because of their numerous functions in physiology and pathology. Cells release heterogeneous vesicles of different sizes and intracellular origins, including small EVs formed inside endosomal compartments (i.e., exosomes) and EVs of various sizes budding from the plasma membrane. Specific markers for the analysis and isolation of different EV populations are missing, imposing important limitations to understanding EV functions. Here, EVs from human dendritic cells were first separated by their sedimentation speed, and then either by their behavior upon upward floatation into iodixanol gradients or by immuno-isolation. Extensive quantitative proteomic analysis allowing comparison of the isolated populations showed that several classically used exosome markers, like major histocompatibility complex, flotillin, and heat-shock 70-kDa proteins, are similarly present in all EVs. We identified proteins specifically enriched in small EVs, and define a set of five protein categories displaying different relative abundance in distinct EV populations. We demonstrate the presence of exosomal and nonexosomal subpopulations within small EVs, and propose their differential separation by immuno-isolation using either CD63, CD81, or CD9. Our work thus provides guidelines to define subtypes of EVs for future functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kowal
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Department "Immunité et Cancer", 75248 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Arras
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de masse Protéomique, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Marina Colombo
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Department "Immunité et Cancer", 75248 Paris, France
| | - Mabel Jouve
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Department "Immunité et Cancer", 75248 Paris, France
| | - Jakob Paul Morath
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Department "Immunité et Cancer", 75248 Paris, France
| | - Bjarke Primdal-Bengtson
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Department "Immunité et Cancer", 75248 Paris, France
| | - Florent Dingli
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de masse Protéomique, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Damarys Loew
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de masse Protéomique, 75248 Paris, France
| | - Mercedes Tkach
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Department "Immunité et Cancer", 75248 Paris, France
| | - Clotilde Théry
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Department "Immunité et Cancer", 75248 Paris, France;
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12
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Chapman DC, Stocki P, Williams DB. Cyclophilin C Participates in the US2-Mediated Degradation of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Molecules. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145458. [PMID: 26691022 PMCID: PMC4686535 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus uses a variety of mechanisms to evade immune recognition through major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. One mechanism mediated by the immunoevasin protein US2 causes rapid disposal of newly synthesized class I molecules by the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway. Although several components of this degradation pathway have been identified, there are still questions concerning how US2 targets class I molecules for degradation. In this study we identify cyclophilin C, a peptidyl prolyl isomerase of the endoplasmic reticulum, as a component of US2-mediated immune evasion. Cyclophilin C could be co-isolated with US2 and with the class I molecule HLA-A2. Furthermore, it was required at a particular expression level since depletion or overexpression of cyclophilin C impaired the degradation of class I molecules. To better characterize the involvement of cyclophilin C in class I degradation, we used LC-MS/MS to detect US2-interacting proteins that were influenced by cyclophilin C expression levels. We identified malectin, PDIA6, and TMEM33 as proteins that increased in association with US2 upon cyclophilin C knockdown. In subsequent validation all were shown to play a functional role in US2 degradation of class I molecules. This was specific to US2 rather than general ER-associated degradation since depletion of these proteins did not impede the degradation of a misfolded substrate, the null Hong Kong variant of α1-antitrypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C. Chapman
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pawel Stocki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David B. Williams
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Sasaki T, Ravindranath MH, Terasaki PI, Freitas MC, Kawakita S, Jucaud V. Gastric cancer progression may involve a shift in HLA-E profile from an intact heterodimer to β2-microglobulin-free monomer. Int J Cancer 2014; 134:1558-70. [PMID: 24105714 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E on the surface of tumor lesions includes intact heterodimer [HLA-E heavy chain and β2-microglobulin (β2m)] and β2m-free monomer. Anti-HLA-E monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), MEM-E/02 or 3D12 bind to the peptide sequences in β2m-free HLA-E, which is common and shared with HLA-Ia monomers. A newly developed monospecific anti-HLA-E mAb (TFL-033) recognizes HLA-E-restricted peptide sequences on α1 and α2 helices away from β2-m-site. Tumor progression may involve shedding of β2-m from HLA-E or overexpression of β2m-free monomers. There is a need to identify and distinguish the different phenotypic expression of HLA-E, particularly the intact heterodimer from the β2m-free monomer on the surface of tumor lesions. Because of the unique peptide-binding affinities of the mAbs, it is hypothesized that TFL-033 and MEM-E/02 may distinguish the phenotypic expressions of cell surface HLA-E during stages of tumor progression. Only TFL-033 stained diffusely the cytoplasm of normal mucosa. The incidence and intensity of TFL-033 staining of the cell surface in early stages, poorly or undifferentiated and non-nodal lesions and in diffuse carcinoma is greater than that of MEM-E/02. Whereas MEM-E/02 stained terminal stages, adenocarcinoma and lymph node metastatic lesions intensely, either owing to increased expression of β2m-free HLA-E with tumor progression or owing to expression of HLA-Ia molecules. Our study evaluates the relative diagnostic potential of HLA-E-monospecific TFL-033 and the HLA-Ia-reactive MEM-E/02 for determining the specific distribution and immunodiagnosis of different phenotypic expression HLA-E in tumor lesions, and the structural and functional alterations undergone by HLA-E during tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Sasaki
- Terasaki Foundation Laboratory, Los Angeles, CA; Department of Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Wong-Baeza I, Ridley A, Shaw J, Hatano H, Rysnik O, McHugh K, Piper C, Brackenbridge S, Fernandes R, Chan A, Bowness P, Kollnberger S. KIR3DL2 binds to HLA-B27 dimers and free H chains more strongly than other HLA class I and promotes the expansion of T cells in ankylosing spondylitis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:3216-24. [PMID: 23440420 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The human leukocyte Ag HLA-B27 (B27) is strongly associated with the spondyloarthritides. B27 can be expressed at the cell surface of APC as both classical β2-microglobulin-associated B27 and B27 free H chain forms (FHC), including disulfide-bonded H chain homodimers (termed B27(2)). B27 FHC forms, but not classical B27, bind to KIR3DL2. HLA-A3, which is not associated with spondyloarthritis (SpA), is also a ligand for KIR3DL2. In this study, we show that B27(2) and B27 FHC bind more strongly to KIR3DL2 than other HLA-class I, including HLA-A3. B27(2) tetramers bound KIR3DL2-transfected cells more strongly than HLA-A3. KIR3DL2Fc bound to HLA-B27-transfected cells more strongly than to cells transfected with other HLA-class I. KIR3DL2Fc pulled down multimeric, dimeric, and monomeric FHC from HLA-B27-expressing cell lines. Binding to B27(2) and B27 FHC stimulated greater KIR3DL2 phosphorylation than HLA-A3. B27(2) and B27 FHC stimulated KIR3DL2CD3ε-transduced T cell IL-2 production to a greater extent than control HLA-class I. KIR3DL2 binding to B27 inhibited NK IFN-γ secretion and promoted greater survival of KIR3DL2(+) CD4 T and NK cells than binding to other HLA-class I. KIR3DL2(+) T cells from B27(+) SpA patients proliferated more in response to Ag presented by syngeneic APC than the same T cell subset from healthy and disease controls. Our results suggest that expansion of KIR3DL2-expressing leukocytes observed in B27(+) SpA may be explained by the stronger interaction of KIR3DL2 with B27 FHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Wong-Baeza
- Nuffield Department of Rheumatological and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom
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15
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Näsman A, Andersson E, Nordfors C, Grün N, Johansson H, Munck-Wikland E, Massucci G, Dalianis T, Ramqvist T. MHC class I expression in HPV positive and negative tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma in correlation to clinical outcome. Int J Cancer 2012; 132:72-81. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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de Jong RA, Boerma A, Boezen HM, Mourits MJE, Hollema H, Nijman HW. Loss of HLA class I and mismatch repair protein expression in sporadic endometrioid endometrial carcinomas. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:1828-36. [PMID: 22287095 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells can escape from cytotoxic T-cell responses by downregulation of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules expressed at the cell surface which has been associated with a deficient mismatch repair (MMR) system in colorectal carcinomas. Our study investigated the association between expression of MMR proteins and HLA class I in sporadic endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (EC). In a consecutively selected cohort of 486 EC patients, MMR proteins (MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6) and HLA class I (HLA-A, -B, -C or β(2) m) were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Expression levels of MMR proteins and HLA class I were compared between low-grade and high-grade ECs. HLA class I expression was compared between tumors with loss (negative immunostaining of ≥1 MMR protein) and expression of MMR proteins. Associations between previously determined numbers of intratumoral CD8(+) T-lymphocytes and expression of MMR proteins and HLA class I and the influence on survival was determined. ECs with loss of MMR protein expression (33.5%) more frequently have loss of HLA-B/C (37.3%), compared to ECs with MMR protein expression (25.5%, p = 0.007). Patients with loss of MMR proteins have a worse disease-specific survival compared to patients with expression (p = 0.039). CD8(+) T-lymphocytes have a positive influence on disease-free and disease-specific survival in the total EC cohort but not in patients with loss of MMR protein expression. In conclusion, our results indicate that loss of MMR protein expression is related to selective downregulation of HLA class I which contributes to immune escape in EC with an abnormal MMR system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renske A de Jong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Benevolo M, Mottolese M, Tremante E, Rollo F, Diodoro MG, Ercolani C, Sperduti I, Monaco EL, Cosimelli M, Giacomini P. High expression of HLA-E in colorectal carcinoma is associated with a favorable prognosis. J Transl Med 2011; 9:184. [PMID: 22032294 PMCID: PMC3219584 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-E is a non-classical class I HLA molecule that can be stabilized by ligands donated by other classical (HLA-A, -B, -C) and non-classical (HLA-G) family members. HLA-E engages a variety of immune receptors expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), Natural killer (NK) cells and NK-CTLs. In view of the opposing outcomes (activation or inhibition) of the different HLA-E receptors, the preferred role (if any) of HLA-E expressed in vivo on tumor cells remains to be established. METHODS Taking advantage of MEM-E/02, a recently characterized antibody to denatured HLA-E molecules, HLA-E expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry on an archival collection (formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded) of 149 colorectal primary carcinoma lesions paired with their morphologically normal mucosae. Lymphoid infiltrates were assessed for the expression of the HLA-E-specific, inhibitory, non-rearranging receptor NKG2A. RESULTS High HLA-E expression did not significantly correlate with the expression of classical HLA-B and HLA-C molecules, but it did correlate with high expression of its preferential ligand donor HLA-A. In addition, it correlated with lymphoid cell infiltrates expressing the inhibitory NKG2A receptor, and was an independent predictor of good prognosis, particularly in a subset of patients whose tumors express HLA-A levels resembling those of their paired normal counterparts (HLA-A). Thus, combination phenotypes (HLA-Elo-int/HLA-AE and HLA-Ehi/HLA-AE) of classical and non-classical class I HLA molecules mark two graded levels of good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that HLA-E favors activating immune responses to colorectal carcinoma. They also provide evidence in humans that tumor cells entertain extensive negotiation with the immune system until a compromise between recognition and escape is reached. It is implied that this process occurs stepwise, as predicted by the widely accepted 'immunoediting' model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Benevolo
- Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Mottolese
- Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Tremante
- Laboratory of Immunology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via delle Messi d'Oro 156, 00158 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rollo
- Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Diodoro
- Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Ercolani
- Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics Unit, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Lo Monaco
- Laboratory of Immunology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via delle Messi d'Oro 156, 00158 Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cosimelli
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Giacomini
- Laboratory of Immunology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via delle Messi d'Oro 156, 00158 Rome, Italy
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Jones DC, Kosmoliaptsis V, Apps R, Lapaque N, Smith I, Kono A, Chang C, Boyle LH, Taylor CJ, Trowsdale J, Allen RL. HLA class I allelic sequence and conformation regulate leukocyte Ig-like receptor binding. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:2990-7. [PMID: 21270408 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte Ig-like receptors (LILRs) are a family of innate immune receptors predominantly expressed by myeloid cells that can alter the Ag presentation properties of macrophages and dendritic cells. Several LILRs bind HLA class I. Altered LILR recognition due to HLA allelic variation could be a contributing factor in disease. We comprehensively assessed LILR binding to >90 HLA class I alleles. The inhibitory receptors LILRB1 and LILRB2 varied in their level of binding to different HLA alleles, correlating in some cases with specific amino acid motifs. LILRB2 displayed the weakest binding to HLA-B*2705, an allele genetically associated with several autoimmune conditions and delayed progression of HIV infection. We also assessed the effect of HLA class I conformation on LILR binding. LILRB1 exclusively bound folded β(2)-microglobulin-associated class I, whereas LILRB2 bound both folded and free H chain forms. In contrast, the activating receptor LILRA1 and the soluble LILRA3 protein displayed a preference for binding to HLA-C free H chain. To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify the ligand of LILRA3. These findings support the hypothesis that LILR-mediated detection of unfolded versus folded MHC modulates immune responses during infection or inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Des C Jones
- Immunology Division, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom.
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Yabe H, Tsukahara T, Kawaguchi S, Wada T, Torigoe T, Sato N, Terai C, Aoki M, Hirose S, Morioka H, Yabe H. Prognostic significance of HLA class I expression in Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors. J Surg Oncol 2010; 103:380-5. [PMID: 21400519 DOI: 10.1002/jso.21829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) is one of the most malignant groups of tumors in young people. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I displays endogenously processed peptides to CD8+ T lymphocytes and has a key role for host immune surveillance. In ESFT, the investigation concerning both HLA class I expression and T-cell infiltration has yet to be reported. METHODS Biopsy specimens from 28 ESFT patients were evaluated by immunohistochemistry with the anti-HLA class I monoclonal antibody (mAb) EMR8-5 and anti-CD8 mAb, respectively. RESULTS Expression of HLA class I was negative in 10 tumors and down-regulated in 22 tumors. The status of CD8+ T cell infiltration was closely associated with the expression levels of HLA class I. ESFT patients with down-regulated or negative expression of HLA class I showed significantly poorer survival than the rest of the patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that CD8+ T cell-mediated immune response restricted by HLA class I might play an important role in immune surveillance of ESFT, and we revealed for the first time that the status of HLA class I expression affects the survival of the patients with ESFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yabe
- Division of Rheumatology, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
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Neuronal MHC class I molecules are involved in excitatory synaptic transmission at the hippocampal mossy fiber synapses of marmoset monkeys. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2010; 30:827-39. [PMID: 20232136 PMCID: PMC2912721 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-010-9510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Several recent studies suggested a role for neuronal major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecules in certain forms of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus of rodents. Here, we report for the first time on the expression pattern and functional properties of MHCI molecules in the hippocampus of a nonhuman primate, the common marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus). We detected a presynaptic, mossy fiber-specific localization of MHCI proteins within the marmoset hippocampus. MHCI molecules were present in the large, VGlut1-positive, mossy fiber terminals, which provide input to CA3 pyramidal neurons. Furthermore, whole-cell recordings of CA3 pyramidal neurons in acute hippocampal slices of the common marmoset demonstrated that application of antibodies which specifically block MHCI proteins caused a significant decrease in the frequency, and a transient increase in the amplitude, of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) in CA3 pyramidal neurons. These findings add to previous studies on neuronal MHCI molecules by describing their expression and localization in the primate hippocampus and by implicating them in plasticity-related processes at the mossy fiber-CA3 synapses. In addition, our results suggest significant interspecies differences in the localization of neuronal MHCI molecules in the hippocampus of mice and marmosets, as well as in their potential function in these species.
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de Kruijf EM, van Nes JGH, Sajet A, Tummers QRJG, Putter H, Osanto S, Speetjens FM, Smit VTHBM, Liefers GJ, van de Velde CJH, Kuppen PJK. The predictive value of HLA class I tumor cell expression and presence of intratumoral Tregs for chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2010; 16:1272-80. [PMID: 20145162 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We hypothesized that T-cell immune interaction affects tumor development and thus clinical outcome. Therefore, we examined the clinical impact of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I tumor cell expression and regulatory T-cell (Treg) infiltration in breast cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Our study population (N = 677) is consisted of all early breast cancer patients primarily treated with surgery in our center between 1985 and 1994. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissue was immunohistochemically stained using HCA2, HC10, and Foxp3 monoclonal antibodies. RESULTS HLA class I expression was evaluated by combining results from HCA2 and HC10 antibodies and classified into three groups: loss, downregulation, and expression. Remarkably, only in patients who received chemotherapy, both presence of Treg (P = 0.013) and higher HLA class I expression levels (P = 0.002) resulted in less relapses, independently of other variables. Treg and HLA class I were not of influence on clinical outcome in patients who did not receive chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS We showed that HLA class I and Treg affect prognosis exclusively in chemotherapy-treated patients and are therefore one of the few predictive factors for chemotherapy response in early breast cancer patients. Chemotherapy may selectively eliminate Treg, thus enabling CTLs to kill tumor cells that have retained HLA class I expression. As a consequence, HLA class I and Treg can predict response to chemotherapy with high discriminative power. These markers could be applied in response prediction to chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M de Kruijf
- Departments of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ravindranath MH, Taniguchi M, Chen CW, Ozawa M, Kaneku H, El-Awar N, Cai J, Terasaki PI. HLA-E monoclonal antibodies recognize shared peptide sequences on classical HLA class Ia: relevance to human natural HLA antibodies. Mol Immunol 2010; 47:1121-31. [PMID: 19944464 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2009.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2009] [Revised: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 10/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The non-classical HLA-Ib molecule, HLA-E share several peptide sequence similarities with the heavy chains of classical HLA class Ia (-B and -C) molecules. Therefore, the antibodies to HLA-E, that recognize shared sequences, may bind to HLA-Ia alleles. This hypothesis is tested by examining the affinity of HLA-E monoclonal antibodies (HLA-E-MAbs) to HLA-Ia molecules and by inhibiting the antibody binding to both HLA-E and HLA-Ia with the shared peptide sequence(s). Single recombinant HLA molecule-coated beads are used for antibody binding. The antibody binding is evaluated by measuring mean fluorescence index [MFI] with Luminex multiplex flow-cytometric technology. The peptide-inhibition experiments are carried out with synthetic shared peptides, most prevalent to HLA-E and HLA-Ia alleles. The number of HLA-Ia alleles recognized by the HLA-E-MAbs varies with the density of the antigen (quantity of antigen-coated beads) and dilution of MAb. Binding of HLA-E-MAbs to beta2 microglobulin (beta(2)m)-free HLA-Ia antigens confirms the location of the epitopes on the heavy chain (HC) of the antigens. Strikingly, the nature of alleles of HLA-Ia recognized by different HLA-E-MAbs is identical. The binding of HLA-E-MAbs to the HLA-Ia is inhibited dosimetrically by the adjacent peptides, (115)QFAYDGKDY(123) and (137)DTAAQI(142), but not by (126)LNEDLRSWTA(135), another closer shared peptide sequence. The inhibitory peptide sequences in HLA-E are at the alpha2-helix terminal facing beta(2)m. The HLA-Ia alleles recognized by HLA-E-MAb (e.g., MEM-E/02) are similar to those recognized by the natural anti-HLA antibodies found in the sera of healthy non-alloimmunized males. This study postulates that some, if not all, of the natural HLA-Ia antibodies seen in healthy males could be anti-HLA-E antibodies cross-reacting with HLA-Ia alleles.
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A critical look at HLA-G. Trends Immunol 2008; 29:313-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2008.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Revised: 02/04/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2008] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Speetjens FM, de Bruin EC, Morreau H, Zeestraten ECM, Putter H, van Krieken JH, van Buren MM, van Velzen M, Dekker-Ensink NG, van de Velde CJH, Kuppen PJK. Clinical impact of HLA class I expression in rectal cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 57:601-9. [PMID: 17874100 PMCID: PMC2253649 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-007-0396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To determine the clinical impact of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression in irradiated and non-irradiated rectal carcinomas. Experimental design Tumor samples in tissue micro array format were collected from 1,135 patients. HLA class I expression was assessed after immunohistochemical staining with two antibodies (HCA2 and HC10). Results Tumors were split into two groups: (1) tumors with >50% of tumor cells expressing HLA class I (high) and (2) tumors with ≤50% of tumor cells expressing HLA class I (low). No difference in distribution or prognosis of HLA class I expression was found between irradiated and non-irradiated patients. Patients with low expression of HLA class I (15% of all patients) showed an independent significantly worse prognosis with regard to overall survival and disease-free survival. HLA class I expression had no effect on cancer-specific survival or recurrence-free survival. Conclusions Down-regulation of HLA class I in rectal cancer is associated with poor prognosis. In contrast to our results, previous reports on HLA class I expression in colorectal cancer described a large population of patients with HLA class I negative tumors, having a good prognosis. This difference might be explained by the fact that a large proportion of HLA negative colon tumors are microsatellite instable (MSI). MSI tumors are associated with a better prognosis than microsatellite stable (MSS). As rectal tumors are mainly MSS, our results suggest that it is both, oncogenic pathway and HLA class I expression, that dictates patient’s prognosis in colorectal cancer. Therefore, to prevent confounding in future prognostic analysis on the impact of HLA expression in colorectal tumors, separate analysis of MSI and MSS tumors should be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank M. Speetjens
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elza C. de Bruin
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Morreau
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eliane C. M. Zeestraten
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hein Putter
- Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J. Han van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike M. van Buren
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monique van Velzen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - N. Geeske Dekker-Ensink
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J. K. Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Cai J, Terasaki PI, Mao Q, Pham T, El-Awar N, Lee JH, Rebellato L. Development of nondonor-specific HLA-DR antibodies in allograft recipients is associated with shared epitopes with mismatched donor DR antigens. Am J Transplant 2006; 6:2947-54. [PMID: 17061991 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01560.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that not only donor-specific antibodies (DSA) but also nondonor-specific antibodies (NDSA) were detected in the peripheral blood of allograft recipients. The molecular mechanism involved in the development of NDSA is examined here. HLA class II single antigen (SA) beads were used to determine the presence of HLA DR-specific antibodies in renal transplant recipients with failed allografts. Sequence-based antibody-epitope mapping was determined by the comparison of the reaction profiles of different SA recombinant cell lines containing unique epitope pattern. We found that 22 out of 65 recipients with failed grafts developed antibodies against donor HLA DR that is a mismatch with the recipient. Three of them had only DSA while 19 patients had not only DSA but also NDSA. An average of 77.3% of NDSA reacted with targets that share amino acid sequence with mismatched donor DR antigens. Either surface or nonsurface amino acid residues may constitute an antibody epitope. In conclusion, development of NDSA in allograft recipients may be associated with shared amino acids with mismatched donor antigens. SA beads technique not only helps to determine antibody specificities but also provides an ideal approach for the identification of potential HLA antibody epitopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cai
- Terasaki Foundation Laboratory, 11570 W Olympic Blvd., Los Angeles, California, USA
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Racape J, Connan F, Hoebeke J, Choppin J, Guillet JG. Influence of dominant HIV-1 epitopes on HLA-A3/peptide complex formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:18208-13. [PMID: 17116886 PMCID: PMC1654130 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0609029103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The binding of peptides to MHC class I molecules induces MHC/peptide complexes that have specific conformational features. Little is known about the molecular and structural bases required for an optimal MHC/peptide association able to induce a dominant T cell response. We sought to characterize the interaction between purified HLA-A3 molecules and four well known CD8 epitopes from HIV-1 proteins. To define the characteristics of HLA-peptide complex formation and to identify potential structural changes, we used biochemical assays that detect well formed complexes. We tested the amplitude, stability, and kinetic parameters of the interaction between HLA-A3, peptides, and anti-HLA mAbs. Our results show that the four epitopes Nef73-82, Pol325-333, Env37-46, and Gag20-28 bind strongly to HLA-A3 molecules and form very stable complexes that are detected with differential patterns of mAb reactivity. The most striking result is the nonrecognition of the HLA-A3/Gag20-28 complex by the A11.1M mAb specific to HLA-A3/-A11 alleles. To explain this observation, from the data published on HLA-A11 crystallographic structure, we propose molecular models of the HLA-A3 molecule complexed with Nef73-82, Pol325-333, and Gag20-28 epitopes. In the HLA-A3/Gag20-28 complex, we suggest that Arg at position P1 of the peptide may push the alpha2 helix residue Trp-167 of HLA-A3 and affect mAb recognition. Such observations may have great implications for T cell antigen receptor recognition and the immunogenicity of HLA/peptide complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Racape
- Département d'Immunologie, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 567, F-75014 Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine René Descartes, Université Paris 5, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, F-75014 Paris, France; and
| | - Francine Connan
- Département d'Immunologie, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 567, F-75014 Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine René Descartes, Université Paris 5, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, F-75014 Paris, France; and
| | - Johan Hoebeke
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de la Recherche 9021, 15 Rue René Descartes, F67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jeannine Choppin
- Département d'Immunologie, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 567, F-75014 Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine René Descartes, Université Paris 5, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, F-75014 Paris, France; and
| | - Jean-Gérard Guillet
- Département d'Immunologie, Institut Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 567, F-75014 Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine René Descartes, Université Paris 5, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, F-75014 Paris, France; and
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Perosa F, Luccarelli G, Prete M, Favoino E, Ferrone S, Dammacco F. Beta 2-microglobulin-free HLA class I heavy chain epitope mimicry by monoclonal antibody HC-10-specific peptide. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2003; 171:1918-26. [PMID: 12902494 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.171.4.1918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
mAb HC-10 loses its reactivity with HLA class I (HLA-I) H chain (HC) following its association with beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m). Furthermore, the HC-10 defined epitope appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthropathies, because HC-10 reduced their incidence in HLA-B27(+)beta(2)m degrees /MHC class II knockout mice. This study has characterized the determinant recognized by HC-10. Panning of a phage display peptide library with HC-10 resulted in isolation of the motif PxxWDR, which could be aligned with P57, W60, D61, and R62 of the first domain of the HLA-I HC allospecificities reactive with HC-10. The (55)EGPEYWDR(N/E)T(64) (p-1) is the shortest motif-bearing peptide that reacts with HC-10 and inhibits its binding to soluble HLA-B7 HC, irrespective of whether N (p-1a) or E (p-1b) is present at position 63. By contrast, HC-10 did not react with six additional peptides, each bearing motif amino acid substitutions present in HC-10-not-reactive HLA-I allospecificities. The p-1-derived Qp-1, synthesized with the additional conserved Q54, which displays the highest in vitro reactivity with HC-10, was the only one to induce in mice IgG resembling HC-10 in their fine specificity. Mapping of the HC-10-defined determinant suggests that the lack of mAb reactivity with beta(2)m-associated HLA-I HC is caused by blocking by the peptide in the groove of beta(2)m-associated HLA-I HC, though a role of HC conformational changes following its association with beta(2)m cannot be excluded. This information contributes to our understanding of the molecular basis of the antigenic profiles of beta(2)m-free and beta(2)m-associated HLA-I HC and may serve to develop active specific immunotherapy of spondyloarthropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Perosa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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Miyagawa S, Nakai R, Matsunami K, Kusama T, Shirakura R. Co-effect of HLA-G1 and glycosyltransferases in reducing NK cell-mediated pig endothelial cell lysis. Transpl Immunol 2003; 11:147-53. [PMID: 12799197 DOI: 10.1016/s0966-3274(02)00151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in xenograft rejection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the co-effect of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G1 expression and the remodeling of glycoantigens such as the alpha-Gal epitope, Galalpha1,3Galbeta1,4GlcNAc-R, by the introduction of glycosyltransferase genes related to NK cell-mediated direct cytotoxicity. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells or an NK-like cell line, YT cells, was used as an effector and pig endothelial cells (PEC) as the target. A PEC transfectant with HLA-G1 was first prepared by the transfection of HLA-G1 and human beta2 microglobulin. Several new transfectants were then established by the transfection of glycosyltransferase to the HLA-G1 transfectant. The effect of HLA-G1 on NK cell-mediated PEC lysis was lower than that by the glycosyltransferases. Therefore, in the case of the co-transfectants except for HLA-G1+alpha2,6sialyltransferase, such as HLA-G1+N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-III and HLA-G1+alpha1,2fucosyltransferase, the effect of HLA-G1 expression on NK-mediated killing appeared to be accounted for by the transfected glycosyltransferase activities and the reduced alpha-Gal expression on the cell surface. However, these transfectants showed significant reductions in direct NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity, compared with the single HLA-G1 transfectant. The results herein suggest that a combination of HLA-G1 and glycosyltransferases has considerable potential for the downregulation of NK cell-mediated cytolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Miyagawa
- Division of Organ Transplantation, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
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29
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Menier C, Saez B, Horejsi V, Martinozzi S, Krawice-Radanne I, Bruel S, Le Danff C, Reboul M, Hilgert I, Rabreau M, Larrad ML, Pla M, Carosella ED, Rouas-Freiss N. Characterization of monoclonal antibodies recognizing HLA-G or HLA-E: new tools to analyze the expression of nonclassical HLA class I molecules. Hum Immunol 2003; 64:315-26. [PMID: 12590976 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(02)00821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E) and HLA-G molecules differ from classical ones by specific patterns of transcription, protein expression, and immunotolerant functions. The HLA-G molecule can be expressed as four membrane-bound (HLA-G1 to -G4) and three soluble (HLA-G5 to -G7) proteins upon alternative splicing of its primary transcript. In this study, we describe a new set of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) called MEM-G/01, -G/04, -G/09, -G/13, MEM-E/02, and -E/06 recognizing HLA-G or HLA-E. The pattern of reactivity of these mAbs were analyzed on transfected cells by flow cytometry, Western blotting, and immunochemistry. MEM-G/09 and -G/13 mAbs react exclusively with native HLA-G1 molecules, as the 87G mAb. MEM-G/01 recognizes (similar to the 4H84 mAb) the denatured HLA-G heavy chain of all isoforms, whereas MEM-G/04 recognizes selectively denatured HLA-G1, -G2, and -G5 isoforms. MEM-E/02 and -E/06 mAbs bind the denatured and cell surface HLA-E molecules, respectively. These mAbs were then used to analyze the expression of HLA-G and HLA-E on freshly isolated cytotrophoblast cells, on the JEG-3 placental tumor cell line, and on cryopreserved and paraffin-embedded serial sections of trophoblast tissue. These new mAbs represent valuable tools to study the expression of HLA-G and HLA-E molecules in cells and tissues under normal and pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Menier
- Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, IUH, Paris, France
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30
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Blaschitz A, Hutter H, Leitner V, Pilz S, Wintersteiger R, Dohr G, Sedlmayr P. Reaction patterns of monoclonal antibodies to HLA-G in human tissues and on cell lines: a comparative study. Hum Immunol 2000; 61:1074-85. [PMID: 11137210 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(00)00207-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We compared the immunohistochemical reaction patterns of HLA-G-specific antibodies 87G, 4H84, G233, 16G1, and BFL.1 on human placentas under three different preparative conditions and on cryosections of other human tissues. Human and murine cell lines, either naturally expressing or transfected with HLA-G, were analyzed for their reaction patterns by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. Antibodies HCA2, TP25.99, W6/32 to classical HLA class I, anti-beta(2)-m and various non-HLA-G expressing cell lines were used as controls. The binding ability of the antibodies depends on the histotechnical procedure used. 4H84 and HCA2 bind to HLA-G despite aldehyde fixation and also paraffin embedding. 87G does not bind HLA-G in studies involving fixation with aldehydes. G233 labels HLA-G in aldehyde fixed but not paraffin embedded tissues. By immunocytochemistry HLA-G2 is merely detected with antibodies 4H84 and HCA2. MAb 16G1 binds to HLA-Gsol transfected cell lines only. The HLA-G specificity of mAb BFL.1 was considered as doubtful because it failed to react with most of the HLA-G transfected cell lines. Binding of 87G to the surface of monocytes or U-937 cells stimulated with IFN-gamma and GM-CSF is an Fc-receptor mediated phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Blaschitz
- Institut für Histologie und Embryologie, Graz, Austria
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31
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Chames P, Hufton SE, Coulie PG, Uchanska-Ziegler B, Hoogenboom HR. Direct selection of a human antibody fragment directed against the tumor T-cell epitope HLA-A1-MAGE-A1 from a nonimmunized phage-Fab library. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:7969-74. [PMID: 10884427 PMCID: PMC16654 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.14.7969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antitumor antibodies with the same specificity as cytotoxic T lymphocytes that recognize antigenic peptides encoded by tumor-associated genes and presented by MHC class I molecules would be valuable tools to analyze the antigenicity or target tumor cells in vivo. To obtain a human antibody directed against a peptide encoded by gene melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE)-A1 and presented by HLA-A1 molecules, we selected a large phage Fab antibody repertoire on a recombinant version of the complex HLA-A1-MAGE-A1 produced by in vitro refolding. One of the selected phage antibodies shows binding to HLA-A1 complexed with the MAGE-A1 peptide, but does not show binding to HLA-A1 complexed with a peptide encoded by gene MAGE-A3 and differing from the MAGE-A1 peptide by only three residues. Phages carrying this recombinant antibody bind to HLA-A1(+) cells only after in vitro loading with MAGE-A1 peptide. These results indicate that nonimmunized phage Fab libraries are a source of antibodies with a T cell antigen receptor-like specificity. The human anti-HLA-A1-MAGE-A1 antibody described here may prove very useful for monitoring the cell surface expression of these complexes, and eventually, as a targeting reagent for the specific immunotherapy of HLA-A1 patients bearing a MAGE-A1-positive tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chames
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University, and University Hospital Maastricht, P.O. Box 5800, 6202AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
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32
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Fournel S, Huc X, Aguerre-Girr M, Solier C, Legros M, Praud-Brethenou C, Moussa M, Chaouat G, Berrebi A, Bensussan A, Lenfant F, Le Bouteiller P. Comparative reactivity of different HLA-G monoclonal antibodies to soluble HLA-G molecules. TISSUE ANTIGENS 2000; 55:510-8. [PMID: 10902607 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.2000.550602.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Different HLA-G monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were first evaluated for their capability to identify soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) in ELISA. Three of them, namely 87G, BFL.1 and MEM-G/9, when used as coating mAbs together with W6/32 capture mAb, identified beta2-microglobulin (beta2m)-associated-sHLA-G but not soluble HLA-B7 (sHLA-B7) in cell culture supernatants from transfected cells. By comparison, the anti-HLA class I mAb 90 did recognize both sHLA-G and sHLA-B7. By using these HLA-G mAbs, sHLA-G was identified in amniotic fluids as well as in culture supernatants of first trimester and term placental explants but not in cord blood. Intron 4-retaining sHLA-G isoforms were identified in some amniotic fluids by the use of an intron 4-specific mAb (16G1). Reactivity of these different HLA-G mAbs was then compared to determine their respective binding sites on soluble and membrane-bound HLA-G. Using both ELISA and flow cytometry analysis, we showed that they did not compete with each other, which suggested that they did not recognize the same determinants. Finally, we report that two mAbs directed against the alpha1 domain of HLA class I heavy chain (mAb 90 and YTH 862) did compete with 87G, therefore demonstrating that this latter mAb recognized an epitope localized on this external domain of HLA-G.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fournel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U395, Hôpital de Purpan, Toulouse, France
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33
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King A, Burrows TD, Hiby SE, Bowen JM, Joseph S, Verma S, Lim PB, Gardner L, Le Bouteiller P, Ziegler A, Uchanska-Ziegler B, Loke YW. Surface expression of HLA-C antigen by human extravillous trophoblast. Placenta 2000; 21:376-87. [PMID: 10833373 DOI: 10.1053/plac.1999.0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this paper definitive evidence that the classical class I product, HLA-C, is expressed on the surface of normal trophoblast cells is provided. HLA-C transcripts were sequenced from cDNA isolated from first trimester trophoblast cells obtained by flow cytometric sorting. Both paternal and maternal alleles were transcribed. HLA-C proteins were demonstrated by biochemical analysis and found on the cell surface in association with beta(2)-microglobulin. Upregulation of cell surface HLA-C but not HLA-G expression after interferon (IFN)-gamma treatment was demonstrated by flow cytometric analysis. Immunohistology has confirmed HLA-C is expressed by all extravillous subpopulations in vivo. The question of whether trophoblast HLA-C molecules interact with decidual NK cells expressing killer Ig-like receptors (KIR) has also been addressed. Our results demonstrate that extravillous trophoblast expresses at least two HLA class I molecules, HLA-G and HLA-C on the cell surface.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antigens, Surface/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Surface/genetics
- Choriocarcinoma/metabolism
- Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
- HLA Antigens/biosynthesis
- HLA-C Antigens/biosynthesis
- HLA-C Antigens/genetics
- HLA-G Antigens
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/biosynthesis
- Humans
- Interferon-gamma/pharmacology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
- Receptors, Immunologic/metabolism
- Receptors, KIR
- Receptors, KIR2DL1
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Trophoblasts/drug effects
- Trophoblasts/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Up-Regulation
- beta 2-Microglobulin/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- A King
- Research Group in Human Reproductive Immunobiology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK.
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Mallet V, Pröll J, Solier C, Aguerre-Girr M, DeRossi M, Loke YW, Lenfant F, Le Bouteiller P. The full length HLA-G1 and no other alternative form of HLA-G is expressed at the cell surface of transfected cells. Hum Immunol 2000; 61:212-24. [PMID: 10689111 DOI: 10.1016/s0198-8859(99)00166-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to HLA class Ia, the HLA-G class Ib transcripts can be alternativeley spliced to yield several isoforms including four potentially membrane-bound variants, namely HLA-G1, -G2, -G3 and G4. It is so far unclear whether each of these splice variants lacking one or two external domains is properly translated and expressed at the cell surface. We used targeted Enhanced Green Fluorescence Protein (EGFP)-HLA-G fusion cDNA to track HLA-G isoform expression in living murine (L-human beta2m) and human (JAR) transiently transfected cells. It was demonstrated that the four HLA-G1, -G2, -G3, and -G4 isoforms were translated in these transfectants by the means of (i) Western blotting analysis, using an anti-EGFP mAb; (ii) intracellular double labeling flow cytometry analysis, using the EGFP natural fluorescence and phycoerythrin-labeled HCA2 anti-HLA-G mAb; and (iii) immunocytochemistry on isolated acetone fixed transfectants with the use of different anti-HLA-G mAbs. Cell surface flow cytometry analysis using the HCA2 mAb revealed that only the HLA-G1 isoform was expressed as a membrane-bound protein. Two color confocal microscopy performed on fixed, permeabilized cells further showed that the EGFP green fluorescence co-localized with anti-calnexin rhodamine fluorescence in the four HLA-G isoform transfectants but only in HLA-G1 transfectant was the green EGFP fluorescence also detectable at the outer part of the cells, suggesting that the HLA-G2, -G3, and G4 were retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. Such intracellular retention of the three shorter forms of HLA-G suggest that they may play a role in regulating cell surface expression either of the full length HLA-G1 form or of HLA-E.
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