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Cho E, Na SW, Jeong MK. Therapeutic and immunomodulatory effects of Bojungikki-tang on cancer: a scoping review. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1169. [PMID: 39300400 PMCID: PMC11414168 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer remains a major global health concern, with conventional treatments often limited by side effects and resistance. Bojungikki-tang (BJIKT), a traditional herbal formula, has shown promise in alleviating cancer-related symptoms and enhancing anti-cancer effects when combined with conventional treatments. As immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the standard for cancer treatment, a combination of BJIKT and ICIs may exhibit immune-mediated anti-cancer effects. This review aims to summarize the recent evidence on BJIKT use in cancer treatment, investigate its immunomodulatory effects, and identify research gaps. METHODS This review was conducted and reported following the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Scoping Review. A comprehensive search of six electronic databases was conducted, and studies published between 2013 and 2022 were identified. Reports on oral administration of BJIKT to patients with cancer were included and analyzed by two reviewers. The extracted data were synthesized using descriptive reporting and meta-analysis. RESULTS Overall, 56 studies met the inclusion criteria: 36 human studies, 14 experimental studies, and 6 reviews on clinical and preclinical investigations. The use of BJIKT in restoring immune function and improving fatigue, cancer-related fever, and quality of life after chemotherapy has been reported in clinical studies. The different medication forms of BJIKT included decoction, extract granules, pills, and water extract. The meta-analysis revealed a significantly higher Karnofsky Performance Scale score in the BJIKT plus chemotherapy group than in the chemotherapy alone group. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that BJIKT has anti-cancer effects, enhances gastrointestinal function and immunomodulatory effects, and supports favorable chemotherapy outcomes. CONCLUSION In recent clinical research on BJIKT, its impact on fatigue, quality of life, and alleviating cancer-related fever has mostly been examined. The direct anti-cancer activities and immunomodulatory mechanisms of BJIKT have been reported in preclinical studies; however, clinical research on BJIKT-induced enhancement of immune function is lacking. Further research on the efficacy and safety of ICI combined with BJIKT and the association of immunomarker changes with clinical outcomes is required to precisely identify the effect of BJIKT on immune system modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunbyul Cho
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672, Yuseong-Daero, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Won Na
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672, Yuseong-Daero, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672, Yuseong-Daero, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Xie D, Quan J, Yu X, Liang Z, Chen Y, Wu L, Lin L, Fan L. Molecular mechanism of Jianpiyifei II granules in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, and experimental assessment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155273. [PMID: 38342020 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined by persistent airway and lung inflammation, excessive mucus production, remodeling of the airways, and damage to the alveolar tissue. Based on clinical experience, it has been observed that Jianpiyifei II (JPYF II) granules exhibit a significant therapeutic impact on individuals suffering from stable COPD. Nevertheless, the complete understanding of JPYF II's potential mode of action against COPD remains to be further clarified. PURPOSE To further investigate the underlying mechanism of JPYF II for treating COPD and clarify the role of the IL-17 pathway in the treatment. METHODS A variety of databases were utilized to acquire JPYF II's bioactive components, as well as related targets of JPYF II and COPD. Cytoscape was utilized to establish multiple interaction networks for the purpose of topological analyses and core-target screening. The Metascape was utilized to identify the function of target genes and crucial signaling pathways. To evaluate the interactions between bioactive ingredients and central target proteins, molecular docking simulations were conducted. Following that, a sequence of experiments was conducted both in the laboratory and in living organisms, which included analyzing the cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), examining lung tissue for histopathological changes, conducting immunohistochemistry, RT‒qPCR, ELISA, and Western blotting. RESULTS In JPYF II, 88 bioactive ingredients were predicted to have a total of 342 targets. After conducting Venn analysis, it was discovered that 284 potential targets of JPYF II were linked to the provision of defensive benefits against COPD. The PPI network yielded a total of twenty-four core targets. The findings from the analysis of enrichment and gene‒pathway network suggested that JPYF II targeted Hsp90, MAPKs, ERK, AP-1, TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, CXCL8, and MMP-9 as crucial elements for COPD treatment through the IL-17 pathway. Additionally, JPYF II might modulate MAPK signaling pathways and the downstream transcription factor AP-1 via IL-17 regulation. According to the findings from molecular docking, it was observed that the 24 core target proteins exhibited robust binding affinities towards the top 10 bioactive compounds. Furthermore, the treatment of COPD through the regulation of MAPKs in the IL-17 pathway was significantly influenced by flavonoids and sterols found in JPYF II. In vitro, these observations were further confirmed. In vivo results demonstrated that JPYF II reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in pulmonary tissues and the quantity of inflammatory cells in BALF obtained from LPS- and CS-stimulated mice. Moreover, the administration of JPYF II resulted in the inhibition of IL-17 mRNA and protein levels, phosphorylation levels of MAPK proteins, and expression of phosphorylated AP-1 proteins. It also suppressed the expression of downstream effector genes and proteins associated with the IL-17/MAPK/AP-1 signaling axis in lung tissues and BALF. CONCLUSION This research reveals that JPYF II improves COPD by controlling the IL-17/MAPK/AP-1 signaling axis within the IL-17 pathway for the first time. These findings offer potential approaches for the creation of novel medications that specifically target IL-17 and proteins involved in the IL-17 pathway to address COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyu Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuhua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanbin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Long Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong‒Hong Kong‒Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, China.
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3
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Hong S, Wang N, Wang Z. Editorial: Local and traditional medicine in regulation of the cancer immune suppression microenvironment, Volume II. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1192478. [PMID: 37251337 PMCID: PMC10213736 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1192478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shicui Hong
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Neng Wang
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyu Wang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Research Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Ko MM, Jeong MK, Choi CM, Lee SH, Chun J, Yi JM, Jang H, Lee SY. Safety and Efficacy of Bojungikki-Tang in Advanced NSCLC Patients Receiving Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Protocol for a Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4507. [PMID: 36901517 PMCID: PMC10002386 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a major treatment option for several types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The proposed study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of Bojungikki-tang (BJIKT) therapy (an herbal medicine) in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs. This multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study will be performed at three academic hospitals. Thirty patients with advanced NSCLC, undergoing atezolizumab monotherapy as second- and subsequent-line treatment, will be recruited and randomly assigned to either BJIKT treatment (atezolizumab + BJIKT) or placebo (atezolizumab + placebo). The primary and secondary outcomes are the incidence of adverse events (AEs), including immune- related AEs (irAEs) and non-immune-related AEs (non-irAEs); and early termination rate, withdrawal period, symptom improvement of fatigue, and skeletal muscle loss, respectively. The exploratory outcomes are patient objective response rate and immune profile. This is an ongoing trial. Recruitment started on 25 March 2022 and is expected to be completed by 30 June 2023. This study will provide basic evidence for the safety profiles, including irAEs, of herbal medicine in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Mi Ko
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemoo Chun
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Mu Yi
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jang
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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Bojungikki-Tang Enhances the Effect of PD-1 Blockade in a Syngeneic Murine Model of Lung Carcinoma. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although immunotherapy has become the standard of treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), only a limited number of patients benefit from it clinically because of the resistance to immunotherapeutic agents. Of late, the usefulness of herbal medicines in combination with immunotherapy has been investigated. Bojungikki-Tang (BJIKT) is a widely used traditional herbal medicine. It synergistically enhances the antitumor effects of chemotherapy and regulates the immune responses in cancer, but its antitumor effect with immunotherapy in NSCLC is unclear. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of BJIKT and an anti-PD-1 antibody in a KLN205-DBA/2 syngeneic lung cancer model. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analyses were performed to analyze the changes in immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. BJIKT plus an anti-PD-1 antibody treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth, unlike the respective monotherapies. Compared to monotherapy, the combination treatment resulted in a higher population of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and a lower number of Ki67+ cells in the tumor tissues. Furthermore, the combination treatment decreased the proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells but increased the proportion of M1-like macrophages compared to that observed with monotherapy. Cytokine analysis showed that the combination treatment increased the levels of T helper type 1-related cytokines. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that BJIKT might regulate multiple signaling pathways related to immune function and tumor progression in NSCLC. These findings indicate that the combination treatment with BJIKT and an anti-PD-1 antibody effectively suppresses tumor growth by regulating immune function and may be an alternative therapeutic option for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Chun J, Park SM, Yi JM, Ha IJ, Kang HN, Jeong MK. Bojungikki-Tang Improves Response to PD-L1 Immunotherapy by Regulating the Tumor Microenvironment in MC38 Tumor-Bearing Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:901563. [PMID: 35873573 PMCID: PMC9300825 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.901563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockage targeting PD-L1 has led to breakthroughs in cancer treatment. Although anti-PD-L1-based immunotherapy has been approved as standard therapy in various cancer types, its therapeutic efficacy in most colorectal cancers (CRC) is still limited due to the low response to immunotherapy. Therefore, combining treatment with herbal medicines could be an alternative approach for treating CRC to overcome this limitation. Bojungikki-Tang (BJIKT), a herbal formula used in traditional Chinese medicine, clinically improves the quality of life for cancer patients and has been associated with antitumor and immune-modulating activities. However, the regulatory effect of BJIKT on the immune response in the tumor microenvironment remains largely uninvestigated. In this study, we verified the inhibitory effect of BJIKT on tumor growth and investigated the regulatory effect of combination therapy with BJIKT and anti-PD-L1 on antitumor immune responses in an MC38 CRC-bearing C57BL/6 mouse model. Immune profiling analysis by flow cytometry was used to characterize the exact cell types contributing to anticancer activities. Combination treatment with BJIKT and anti-PD-L1 therapy significantly suppressed tumor growth in MC38-bearing mice and increased the proportion of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells in tumor tissues. Furthermore, BJIKT suppressed the population of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, suggesting that this combination treatment effectively regulates the immunological function of T-cells by improving the tumor microenvironment. The herbal formula BJIKT can be a novel therapeutic option for improving anti-PD-L1-based immunotherapy in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemoo Chun
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Min Park
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Mu Yi
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - In Jin Ha
- Korean Medicine Clinical Trial Center (K-CTC), Korean Medicine Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Han Na Kang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Jeong
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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Shimizu M, Takayama S, Kikuchi A, Arita R, Ono R, Ishizawa K, Ishii T. Kampo Medicine Treatment for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Case Series. Front Nutr 2021; 8:702812. [PMID: 34458306 PMCID: PMC8387656 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.702812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The present report aims to investigate the use of Kampo medicine for advanced pancreatic cancer patients in order to prolong survival. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with pancreatic cancer who presented to our Shimizu Clinic from 2000 to 2020. Patients who survived at least twice as long as the initial prognostic estimate were selected and their treatment was reviewed. The Kampo formula and crude drugs were selected according to the Kampo diagnosis and treatment strategy, which included qi and blood supplementation; qi, blood and water smoothing; and inflammation (termed "heat") and cancer suppression. Results: Ten patients aged 45-80 years (six males and four females) with stage IV advanced cancer were selected. All patients received hozai, which is a tonic formula, of juzentaihoto (JTT) or hochuekkito (HET) decoction. Anti-cancer crude drugs were included in the decoctions of nine patients. At the first visit, the estimated life expectancy for all patients was no more than 1 year; however, treatment with Western and Kampo medicine led to a relatively long survival period of over 2 years. Three patients were still living at the time of this writing, more than 2, 6, and 14 years after treatment initiation. Conclusion: Our results suggest that Kampo medicine may be useful for disease control and supportive care for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Shimizu
- Shimizu Clinic, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shin Takayama
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akiko Kikuchi
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Arita
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rie Ono
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kota Ishizawa
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ishii
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Liu H, Wang ZY, Zhou YC, Song W, Ali U, Sze DMY. Immunomodulation of Chinese Herbal Medicines on NK cell populations for cancer therapy: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113561. [PMID: 33157222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Immunomodulation has become a crucial modality for cancer treatment. Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) are expected as adjuvant therapy for immunomodulation against cancer, but face the key challenge of poor scientific evidence. Changes of natural killer (NK) cells on numbers and/or cytotoxicity are a novel respect to evaluate the immunomodulation of CHMs. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this review is to investigate the immunomodulation of Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHMs) on NK cell populations for cancer therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review was conducted and outside mainstream electronic databases were screened for potential reference articles. This review tried to report and critically analyzed all the correlative studies, especially these clinical trials (3 CHM extracts and 11 CHM formulas). RESULTS Evidence-based functions of CHMs against cancer could be summarized as: (1) enhancement of NK cells activity or relative percentage; (2) prevention of tumor growth and metastasis; (3) relief on side-effects or complications of therapeutic strategies (i.e. chemotherapy, radiotherapy and resection). Briefly, most of cellular studies and two thirds animal studies were based on the extract or components of single herbs, whilst most of clinical trials were keen on formula or prescription of CHMs. The main components of CHMs were demonstrated active on promoting the cytotoxicity of NK cells, including Angelica sinensis, Ganoderma lucidum, Panax ginseng, Radix Astragali, Lentinus edodes, etc. CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive review demonstrated NK cells activity was positively associated with quality of life but not survival benefit of cancer patients. Thus exploring the roles of NK cells in adjuvant therapy against cancer is confirmed to be beneficial to explore the underlying relationship between immunomodulation and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo University School of Medicine, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Zi-Ying Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Development and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, And Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Yu-Cong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, And School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Usman Ali
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Daniel M-Y Sze
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
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Takayama S, Kikuchi A, Makino T, Kainuma M, Namiki T, Ito T. Basic pharmacological mechanisms and clinical evidence of the efficacy of hochuekkito against infectious diseases and its potential for use against COVID‐19. TRADITIONAL & KAMPO MEDICINE 2020. [PMCID: PMC7753421 DOI: 10.1002/tkm2.1264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Hochuekkito extract (HET) has multiple effects through the digestive and immune systems, including for acute viral infection and chronic inflammation. We review basic pharmacological and clinical researches of HET and discuss the effects of HET against the pandemic COVID‐19. Methods We reviewed pharmacological studies from 1996 to 30 April 2020 that used experimental animals orally treated with HET and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2000 to 30 April 2020. Results Altogether, 64 pharmacological studies reported immuno‐stimulatory effects against infection and cancer, immuno‐modulative effects against allergy and some inflammatory diseases, and ameliorating effects against exhaustion and frailty. Nine RCTs showed improvement of pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease on chest X‐ray; improved systemic inflammation, nutrition, and quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a decrease in the number getting common cold and exacerbations; reduction of soluble interleukin‐2 receptor and the serum cortisol concentration of postoperative patients; a reduction of the incidence of inflammatory complications and C‐reactive protein elevation after cerebrovascular disease; a reduction of the volume of steroid and tacrolimus during the treatment of atopic dermatitis; a healing effect for intractable chronic wounds; improvement of the physical status of elderly weak patients; and improvement of the fatigue level of cancer patients. Conclusion CODIV‐19 is characterized by high risk for the aged and people with other disease complications, cytokine hyperactivity in the severe stage, and sequelae in the recovery stage. Considering the immune‐stimulative/modulative effects of HET on inflammatory conditions and against exhaustion and frailty, it may be useful for prevention, treatment, and recovery from COVID‐19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Takayama
- Department of Kampo Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
- Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Akiko Kikuchi
- Department of Kampo Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine Tohoku University Hospital Sendai Japan
- Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University Nagoya Japan
| | - Mosaburo Kainuma
- Community Medicine Education Unit Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takao Namiki
- Department of Japanese‐Oriental (Kampo) Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University Chiba Japan
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Shimizu M, Takayama S, Kikuchi A, Arita R, Ono R, Ishizawa K, Ishii T. Integrative therapy for advanced pancreatic cancer using Kampo and western medicine: A case report. Explore (NY) 2020; 17:255-258. [PMID: 32736951 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A 45-year-old male patient diagnosed as stage IVa pancreatic cancer received anti-cancer treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. During the treatment, he complained of nausea, appetite loss, and fatigue. He received a Kampo diagnosis of qi deficiency, blood stasis, and heat with phlegm; consequently, qi supplementation, smoothing blood, and relieving fever were initiated using Juzentaihoto and Keppuchikuoto. After this treatment, the symptoms showed remarkable improvement. However, computed tomography revealed multiple lung nodules. We prescribed crude drugs with anti-cancer effects, including Scutellaria barbata and Oldenlandia diffusa. These drugs led to slowed development of lung metastases that could be surgically resected. He survived for 7 years after the advanced diagnosis without loss of quality of life. Kampo medicine may be useful for disease control and supportive care in advanced pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Shimizu
- Shimizu Clinic, 5-4-50 Wakabayashi, Wakabayashi-ku, Sendai 984-0826, Japan; Public Interest Incorporated Foundation KENIKAI for traditional medicine library and clinic, 3-8-5, Chuoku, Ginza, Tokyo 104-0061, Japan; Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Shin Takayama
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Akiko Kikuchi
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Arita
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Rie Ono
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Kota Ishizawa
- Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ishii
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Education and Support for Regional Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8574, Japan; Department of Kampo and Integrative Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi Aoba ward, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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11
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Wang S, Long S, Wu W. Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines as Personalized Therapy in Human Cancers. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:953-970. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although lots of great achievements have been gained in the battle against cancer during the past decades, cancer is still the leading cause of death in the world including in developing countries such as China. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is popular in Chinese and East Asian societies as well as some other Western countries and plays an active role in the modern healthcare system including patients with cancer, which may act as a potential effective strategy in treating human cancers. In this review, we aimed to introduce the mechanisms of TCM compound, as an option of individualized therapy, in treating cancer patients from the perspective of both Chinese and Western medicine. In the view of traditional Chinese medicine theory, individualized treatment for human cancers based on syndrome type benefits the cancer patients with personalized conditions. Balancing Qi, Xue, Yin and Yang, eliminating phlegm and removing dampness is how TCM compound functions on cancer patients. While in the view of Western medicine, inhibiting cancer cell growth and metastasis as well as improving immune status is how herbal compounds act on cancer patients. We also summarized the applications of TCM compound in human cancers, which will shed light on the clinical application of TCM compound on patients with cancer. TCM compound could be used as a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in human cancers. It could be applied in cancer patients with cancer-related fatigue (CRF). In addition, it is a good method for alleviating the side effects of both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Therefore, TCM compound plays a critical role in treating patients with cancer, which has a promising strategy in the field of cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese, Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P. R. China
- The Postdoctoral Research Station, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P. R. China
| | - Shunqin Long
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese, Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P. R. China
| | - Wanyin Wu
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese, Medicine Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P. R. China
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12
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Ye L, Jia Y, Ji KE, Sanders AJ, Xue K, Ji J, Mason MD, Jiang WG. Traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of cancer and cancer metastasis. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:1240-1250. [PMID: 26622657 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been a major part of healthcare in China, and has extensively affected medicine and healthcare in surrounding countries over a long period of time. In the fight against cancer, certain anticancer remedies using herbs or herbal formulas derived from TCM have been developed for the management of malignancies. Furthermore, there are clinical trials registered for the use of herbal remedies in cancer management. Herbal medicine has been used as part of combined therapies to reduce the side-effects of chemotherapy, including bone marrow suppression, nausea and vomiting. Herbal remedies have also been used as chemopreventive therapies to treat precancerous conditions in order to reduce the incidence of cancer in high-risk populations. Emerging evidence has revealed that herbal remedies can regulate the proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion and migration of cancer cells. In addition to this direct effect upon cancer cells, a number of herbal remedies have been identified to suppress angiogenesis and therefore reduce tumour growth. The inhibition of tumour growth may also be due to modifications of the host immune system by the herbal treatment. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of herbal remedies remain poorly understood and are yet to be fully elucidated. The present study aims to summarize the current literature and clinical trial results of herbal remedies for cancer treatment, with a particular focus on the recent findings and development of the Yangzheng Xiaoji capsule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ye
- Cardiff University-Peking University Cancer Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Metastasis and Angiogenesis Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Yongning Jia
- Cardiff University-Peking University Cancer Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Metastasis and Angiogenesis Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Haidian, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - K E Ji
- Cardiff University-Peking University Cancer Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Metastasis and Angiogenesis Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Andrew J Sanders
- Cardiff University-Peking University Cancer Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Metastasis and Angiogenesis Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Kan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Haidian, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Haidian, Beijing 100142, P.R. China
| | - Malcolm D Mason
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Wen G Jiang
- Cardiff University-Peking University Cancer Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Metastasis and Angiogenesis Research Group, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK ; Institute of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
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Ouyang M, Liu Y, Tan W, Xiao Y, Yu K, Sun X, Huang Y, Cheng J, Luo R, Zhao X. Bu-zhong-yi-qi pill alleviate the chemotherapy-related fatigue in 4 T1 murine breast cancer model. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:497. [PMID: 25511260 PMCID: PMC4300826 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Paclitaxel induced fatigue still remains underrecognized and undertreated, partly because of limited understanding of its pathophysiology and lack of effective treatments. This study is aim to evaluate the anti-fatigue effects and mechanism of Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi pill in murine 4 T1 breast cancer mice were treated with paclitaxel. Methods Breast cancer mice established with murine 4 T1 cells were randomly and repectively divided into five groups: negative control group (NC), tumor control group (TC), paclitaxel group (PTX), Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi pill group (BZYQ) and Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi pill plus paclitaxel group (BZYQ + PTX). The mice were administered for 21 days. During this period, the tumor volume, body weight and the weight-loaded swimming time were measured. After the last administration, all mice were sacrificed, weighted the tumor, measured immune cell cytokines and oxidative stress indicator. The remaining 10 mice in each group were observed for survival analysis. Results Treatments with BZYQ + PTX and PTX significantly reduced the rates of tumor volume in comparison with TC starting on the 9th day and the 18th day respectively (P < 0.05-0.01), and presented decreased tumor weight compared to TC (P < 0.05-0.01). Compared with mice in TC group, the median survival time and the average survival time in BZYQ + PTX group, BZYQ group and PTX group were significantly prolonged (P < 0.05-0.01). The swimming time of the BZYQ + PTX group gradually increased, which is longer than the PTX group on Day 14 and Day 21 (P < 0.01). The level of TNF-α was lower in BZYQ + PTX group than PTX group (P < 0.01). The level of SOD activity in BZYQ + PTX group was lower than the NC group (P <0.01), but much higher than the PTX group (P < 0.01). The level of MDA of BZYQ + PTX group was higher than the NC group (P < 0.01), but significant lower than the PTX group (P < 0.01). Conclusions BZYQ has the potential of alleviating paclitaxel chemotherapy-related fatigue in 4 T1 breast cancer mice by reducing the serum levels of TNF-α and modulating the level of MDA and the SOD activity.
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Changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subtypes in patients with end stage cancer administered localized radiotherapy and bojungikki-tang. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:207613. [PMID: 24696700 PMCID: PMC3950642 DOI: 10.1155/2014/207613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Localized radiotherapy (RT) can cause immune dysfunction. Bojungikki-tang is known to restore immune function. We investigated the absolute counts and percentages of peripheral blood (PB) lymphocyte subtypes in end stage cancer patients before and after RT and after oral administration of Bojungikki-tang water extract (BJITE) and to evaluate the changes mediated by RT and BJITE. Absolute counts and percentages of lymphocyte and lymphocyte subsets were determined in whole blood using the TetraONE System (Beckman Coulter, USA). Flow cytometry results were compared before and after RT and after administration of BJITE. Absolute numbers of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells decreased significantly after RT (P < 0.05). Absolute numbers of CD3-CD56+ cells did not change in both groups. No significant differences were observed in the absolute counts of lymphocyte subtypes before and after administration of BJITE or vitamin group. When BJITE group was compared with vitamin group, absolute numbers of CD19+ B cells increased. RT-induced decrease in T cells and B cells in PB suggests that immune deterioration occurs after RT. Administration of BJITE might be effective in the restoration of number of B cells.
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Wen CC, Chen HM, Yang NS. Developing Phytocompounds from Medicinal Plants as Immunomodulators. ADVANCES IN BOTANICAL RESEARCH 2012; 62:197-272. [PMID: 32300254 PMCID: PMC7150268 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394591-4.00004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Imbalance or malfunction of the immune systems is associated with a range of chronic diseases including autoimmune diseases, allergies, cancers and others. Various innate and adaptive immune cells that are integrated in this complex networking system may represent promising targets for developing immunotherapeutics for treating specific immune diseases. A spectrum of phytochemicals have been isolated, characterized and modified for development and use as prevention or treatment of human diseases. Many cytotoxic drugs and antibiotics have been developed from phytocompounds, but the application of traditional or new medicinal plants for use as immunomodulators in treating immune diseases is still relatively limited. In this review, a selected group of medicinal herbs, their derived crude or fractionated phytoextracts and the specific phytochemicals/phytocompounds isolated from them, as well as categorized phytocompound groups with specific chemical structures are discussed in terms of their immunomodulatory bioactivities. We also assess their potential for future development as immunomodulatory or inflammation-regulatory therapeutics or agents. New experimental approaches for evaluating the immunomodulatory activities of candidate phytomedicines are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chun Wen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ming Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ning-Sun Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Ding X, Zhu F, Gao S. Purification, antitumour and immunomodulatory activity of water-extractable and alkali-extractable polysaccharides from Solanum nigrum L. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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17
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Preventive effect of a traditional herbal medicine, Hochu-ekki-to, on immunosuppression induced by surgical stress. Surg Today 2008; 38:316-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-007-3631-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2006] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Stickel F, Schuppan D. Herbal medicine in the treatment of liver diseases. Dig Liver Dis 2007; 39:293-304. [PMID: 17331820 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2006.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2006] [Revised: 10/02/2006] [Accepted: 11/06/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herbal drugs have become increasingly popular and their use is widespread. Licensing regulations and pharmacovigilance regarding herbal products are still incomplete and clearcut proof of their efficacy in liver diseases is sparse. Nevertheless, a number of herbals show promising activity including silymarin for antifibrotic treatment, phyllantus amarus in chronic hepatitis B, glycyrrhizin to treat chronic viral hepatitis, and a number of herbal combinations from China and Japan that deserve testing in appropriate studies. Apart from therapeutic properties, reports are accumulating about liver injury after the intake of herbals, including those advertised for liver diseases. Acute and/or chronic liver damage occurred after ingestion of some Chinese herbs, herbals that contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids, germander, greater celandine, kava, atractylis gummifera, callilepsis laureola, senna alkaloids, chaparral and many others. Since the evidence supporting the use of botanicals to treat chronic liver diseases is insufficient and only few of them are well standardised and free of potential serious side effects, most of these medications are not recommended outside clinical trials. Particularly with regard to the latter, adequately powered randomised-controlled clinical trials with well-selected end points are needed to assess the role of herbal therapy for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Stickel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Berne, Murtenstrasse 35, CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland.
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Ikegami F, Sumino M, Fujii Y, Akiba T, Satoh T. Pharmacology and toxicology of Bupleurum root-containing Kampo medicines in clinical use. Hum Exp Toxicol 2006; 25:481-94. [PMID: 16937920 DOI: 10.1191/0960327106het654oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Kampo (Japanese traditional herbal) medicines have been produced by combining multiple crude drugs, almost all of plant origin but with some of animal or mineral origin, and contain a great many substances. Their effect is a combination of the various interactions of the constituent substances, whether they are enhancing, synergistic or suppressive. Kampo medicine has an overall effect that is different from the combined effects of individual crude drugs, and several side effects such as anorexia, slight fever and nausea have been reported in the treatment of certain disorders and disease states with Kampo medicines. Among 210 medical formulations used in Japan, some relevant information on the clinical uses, pharmacology and toxicology of six manufactured Kampo medical formulations, Shosaikoto, Daisaikoto, Saikokeishito, Hochuekkito, Saibokuto and Saireito, containing Bupleurum root are reviewed. Studies of some potential interactions between Kampo medicine and western drugs are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ikegami
- Center for Environment, Health and Field Sciences, Chiba University, Kashiwanoha 6-2-1, Kashiwa 277-0882, Japan.
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Yao C, Wang L, Cai S, Wei H, Zhou X, Wang H, Tian Z. Protective effects of a Traditional Chinese Medicine, You-Gui-Wan, on steroid-induced inhibition of cytokine production in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2005; 5:1041-8. [PMID: 15829419 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2005.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2004] [Revised: 12/20/2004] [Accepted: 02/01/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
You-Gui-Wan (YGW), a classical yang-tonic prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is thought to boost the body function against diseases. To determine the effects of YGW on the steroid-induced inhibition of cytokine production in mice, we established a murine model with hydrocoticoid (HC)-induced cytokine suppression. The results showed that oral administration of YGW protected mice against HC-induced inhibition of IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 transcription, and the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells containing intracellular cytokines including IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly increased in murine spleen. The protection of YGW against HC-induced inhibition of cytokine production was further confirmed by the elevated serum level of IFN-gamma in YGW-treated mice. The results suggest that YGW improve the immune function even in the serious immunosuppressive condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Western Road, Jinan 250012, China
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21
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Gao XK, Fuseda K, Shibata T, Tanaka H, Inagaki N, Nagai H. Kampo Medicines for Mite Antigen-Induced Allergic Dermatitis in NC/Nga Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2005; 2:191-199. [PMID: 15937560 PMCID: PMC1142189 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/neh077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2004] [Accepted: 02/23/2005] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have established an allergic dermatitis model in NC/Nga mice by repeated local exposure of mite antigen for analyzing atopic dermatitis. We examined how four Kampo medicines, Juzen-taiho-to, Hochu-ekki-to, Shofu-san and Oren-gedoku-to, on the dermatitis model to obtain basic information on their usefulness for treating atopic dermatitis. Mite antigen (Dermatophagoides farinae crude extract) solution at a concentration of 10 mg/ml was painted on the ear of NC/Nga mice after tape stripping. The procedure was repeated five times, at 7 day intervals. An apparent biphasic ear swelling was caused after the fourth and fifth antigen exposures with elevated serum IgE levels and accumulation of inflammatory cells. In the cervical lymph nodes and ear lobes, the five procedures of antigen exposure induced interleukin-4 mRNA expression but reduced interferon-gamma mRNA expression. Oral administration of all four Kampo medicines inhibited the formation of ear swelling and inflammatory cell accumulation. Juzen-taiho-to and Hochu-ekki-to apparently prevented the elevation of serum IgE level. Furthermore, the four Kampo medicines showed a tendency to prevent not only the increase in interleukin-4 mRNA expression but also the decrease in interferon-gamma mRNA expression. The present results indicate that Juzen-taiho-to, Hochu-ekki-to, Shofu-san and Oren-gedoku-to may correct the Th1/Th2 balance skewed to Th2, and this activity helps inhibit dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. The ability of the Kampo medicines to correct the Th1/Th2 balance seems to underlie their effectiveness in treating of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hiroichi Nagai
- For reprints and all correspondence: Dr Hiroichi Nagai, Department of Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 5-6-1 Mitahorahigashi, Gifu 502-8585, Japan. Tel/Fax: +81-58-237-8584; E-mail:
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Kuroiwa A, Liou S, Yan H, Eshita A, Naitoh S, Nagayama A. Effect of a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, hochu-ekki-to (Bu-Zhong-Yi-Qi Tang), on immunity in elderly persons. Int Immunopharmacol 2004; 4:317-24. [PMID: 14996423 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2003.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2003] [Revised: 12/01/2003] [Accepted: 12/05/2003] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In general, the elderly show a significant age-related decline in their immune response, thus leading to an increased vulnerability to infections or to an increase in the occurrence of malignant tumors. In this study, we examined the effect of Hochu-ekki-to (HOT or TJ-41) on the immunological capacity of the elderly. A group of elderly patients complaining of general fatigue or weakness were orally administered 7.5 g of HOT everyday for at least 120 days (4 months), whereas another group of aged patients mainly complaining of a loss of appetite were daily given 7.5 g of Anchu-san (TJ-5) during the same period and served as a control group. From the immunological point of view, the total number of circulating leukocytes remained unchanged, during the observation period both in the HOT and Anchu-san groups, as well as the ratios between CD3(+) T and CD20(+) B cells and between CD4(+) T and CD8(+) T cells. In addition, no differences were observed in the expression of CD25 antigen, which represents an activated state of T cells. However, as verified on day 30 as well as on day 120 after the administration of HOT, the natural killer (NK) activity against K562 target cells was significantly enhanced, in comparison to the results on day 0 in the HOT group, as well as to that activity on days 0, 30 and 120 in the Anchu-san group. In addition, on days 30 and 120 in the HOT group, there was a significant increase in the serum IFN-gamma level, which is thought to be associated with the NK activity, whereas no significant changes in that level were observed in the Anchu-san group, during the study period. From these results, it may be concluded that the administration of HOT to elderly people may help them improve, at least to some degree, their immunological capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ataru Kuroiwa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Johnan, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
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Liou S, Kuroiwa A, Yan H, Eshita A. Immunopharmacological effect of a Japanese herbal medicine (Hochu-ekki-to) on the elderly. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0594.2004.00173.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hsieh CC, Lin WC, Lee MR, Hsu SL, Liu HS, Kao ST, Hsieh MT. Dang-Gui-Bu-Xai-Tang modulated the immunity of tumor bearing mice. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2003; 25:259-71. [PMID: 12784917 DOI: 10.1081/iph-120020474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dang-Gui-Bu-Xai-Tang (DGBXT), which includes Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Radix Astragali Membranaceus, is a traditional Chinese medicine used to modulate the lymphocyte activity of cancer patients after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In the present study, we examined the cytotoxicity of DGBXT on transformed cells and the immunomodulating effects of DGBXT in a tumor-bearing murine model. DGBXT markedly inhibited the growth of the EJ-Ha-ras transformed LZEJ and LZEJ-C2 cells lines. Oral administration of DGBXT for three weeks significantly prevented the tumor development in mice that injected with LZEJ-C2 cells subcutaneously. Moreover, DGBXT effectively increased the population of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and NK cells, and down-regulated activated T helper cells (CD4+/CD25+) in spleen and tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLN). Furthermore, DGBXT stimulated the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in in vitro cultured splenocytes. These results might explain the antitumor effects of DGBXT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chi Hsieh
- Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical College, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
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Plaeger SF. Clinical immunology and traditional herbal medicines. CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY 2003; 10:337-8. [PMID: 12738627 PMCID: PMC154949 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.10.3.337-338.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan F Plaeger
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Chang R. Bioactive polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicine herbs as anticancer adjuvants. J Altern Complement Med 2002; 8:559-65. [PMID: 12470436 DOI: 10.1089/107555302320825066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE OF STUDY To review the nature, extent, bioactivities, and clinical application of polysaccharides in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) especially as adjuvants in cancer treatment. METHODOLOGY Literature review. FINDINGS Many fungal- and plant-derived bioactive polysaccharides with a broad range of immunomodulatory activities are found in TCM. Some such polysaccharides have been developed into drugs and show clinical efficacy in controlled trials while the majority of such compounds remain as nutraceuticals with only preliminary research. Such polysaccharides are generally nontoxic and possess other bioactivities such as inducing differentiation, stimulating hematopoiesis, antimetastasis, and antiangiogenesis, which make them ideal adjuvants in modern cancer therapy. CONCLUSION Bioactive polysaccharides occur extensively in TCM herbs and are the basis of potentially useful application of TCM as an adjuvant in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Chang
- Institute of East-West Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Yamaoka Y, Kawakita T, Nomoto K. Protective effect of a traditional Japanese medicine Hochu-ekki-to (Chinese name: Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang), on the susceptibility against Listeria monocytogenes in infant mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2001; 1:1669-77. [PMID: 11562059 DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5769(01)00076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of traditional Japanese (Chinese) medicine, Hochu-ekki-to, HOT (Chinese name: Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang), on the susceptibility against Listeria monocytogenes in postneonatal infant mice was examined. Numbers of bacteria in infant mice (infected at 4 weeks of age) were significantly higher than those in adult mice (infected at 8 weeks of age) on day 3 (non-specific resistance phase) and day 5 (specific resistance phase) after infection. Oral administration of 1,000 mg/kg of HOT for 7 days to infant mice reduced bacterial numbers in the liver and spleen at 5 days after the infection. The amount of IFN-gamma and the number of IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ T cells were lower in infant mice than adult mice but those in infant mice enhanced by HOT treatment. HOT also enhanced the antigen-presenting function along with the expression of MHC class II in infant macrophages induced by heat-killed L. monocytogenes. Further, HOT enhanced the IFN-gamma production from infant CD4+ T cells independent of the deficiency in the antigen-presenting function. These findings suggest that HOT induced simultaneously functional maturation of both infant antigen-presenting cells and T cells, and consequently developed an anti-listerial Th1 response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamaoka
- Kampo (Traditional Japanese Medicine) and Healthcare Research Laboratories, Kanebo Co. Ltd, Takaoka, Japan
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Agarwal SK, Marshall GD. Role of CD28/B7 costimulation in the dexamethasone-induced suppression of IFN-gamma. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2000; 20:927-34. [PMID: 11096449 DOI: 10.1089/10799900050198363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro exposure of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to glucocorticoids (GC), at concentrations observed during psychologic stress, induces a shift in the human type 1/type 2 cytokine balance toward a type 2 cytokine response. The mechanisms involved in these cytokine alterations are unknown but likely include modulation of regulatory cytokines or the interaction between the antigen-presenting cell (APC) and T lymphocyte or both. The CD28/B7 costimulation pathway has been reported to modulate the type 1/type 2 cytokine balance and may contribute to the GC-associated cytokine alterations. Therefore, we sought to determine the effect of dexamethasone (Dex) on the expression and function of the human CD28/B7 costimulatory pathway and whether these alterations contribute to the Dex-induced type 1/type 2 cytokine alterations. Dex inhibited the expression of both CD80 and CD86 on THP-1 cells, a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line, as determined by flow cytometry. Dex also inhibited the expression of CD28 and CTLA-4 on phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated CD3+ T lymphocytes, which was attenuated by the addition of interleukin-12 (IL-12). Lastly, activation of CD28 with anti-CD28 antibody attenuated the Dex-induced decrease in interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by anti-CD3 antibody-stimulated PBMC. These data suggest that Dex induces a modulation of the CD28/B7 costimulatory pathway that contributes to the shift in the type 1/type 2 cytokine balance toward a predominant type 2 cytokine response.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Agarwal
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Yamaoka Y, Kawakita T, Nomoto K. Protective effect of a traditional Japanese medicine, Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang (Japanese name: Hochu-ekki-to), on the restraint stress-induced susceptibility against Listeria monocytogenes. IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 2000; 48:35-42. [PMID: 10822087 DOI: 10.1016/s0162-3109(00)00176-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of traditional Japanese (Chinese) medicine, Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang (Japanese name: Hochu-ekki-to, HOT), on the restraint stress treatment (RST)-induced susceptibility against Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) was examined. When RST was performed every day for 10 h from the day of infection, the bacterial numbers were increased at 3 and 5 days after the infection. Oral pretreatment with HOT for 7 days prevented such increases. Pretreatment with HOT prevented the suppression of antigen-specific IFN-gamma production by RST. HOT also prevented suppression of macrophage accumulation, including MHC-class II positives, in the peritoneal cavity and their bactericidal activity by RST. HOT suppressed the serum corticosterone level elevated by RST in infected mice. Taken together, the suppression of corticosterone using HOT participates in the prevention of suppressions of the bactericidal activity of macrophages, migration of macrophages and antigen-specific IFN-gamma production of Th1 cells by RST. Our findings suggest that HOT is a useful drug for patients suffering from stress disease to reduce the susceptibility to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yamaoka
- Kampo (Traditional Japanese Medicine) and Healthcare Research Laboratories, Kanebo Co. Ltd., 1-5-90 Tomobuchi-cho, Miyakojima-ku, 534-0016, Osaka, Japan
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