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Kim D, Park M, Kim SW, Heo Y, Lee J. Development of an online hydrogen fuel quality analyzer with gas chromatography-pulsed discharge helium ionization detector for applying hydrogen infrastructures. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e2400088. [PMID: 38801754 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen fuel, which is essential for the hydrogen economy, including hydrogen cell vehicles, must be of high quality for optimal hydrogen cell use. Currently, hydrogen fuel quality control is mainly done by offline analysis with periodic sampling. However, with the anticipated surge in hydrogen charging stations, there's a pressing need for cost-effective, high-throughput online analysis systems. Additionally, the miniaturization of these analytical instruments for field application is also a challenge. In this study, we present a compact, real-time hydrogen fuel analyzer based on gas chromatography with a pulsed discharge helium ionization detector. Its dual-column system efficiently analyzes major impurities in hydrogen fuel in less than 30 min. Indicator species (CO, CO2, CH4, O2, N2, and additional hydrogen sulfide [H2S]) are determined by examining hydrogen production and supply processes. The analyzer's measurement capability is consistent with µmol/mol-level analysis, providing valuable real-time information for hydrogen infrastructure managers. Additionally, it can analyze H2S, a crucial marker of sulfur compounds acting as catalytic poisons in fuel cells. This real-time analyzer offers efficient, informed decision-making support for hydrogen infrastructure managers, enhancing the overall reliability of hydrogen fuel in fuel-cell electric vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkyum Kim
- Semiconductor and Display Metrology Group, Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeon Park
- Semiconductor and Display Metrology Group, Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Science of Measurement, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Semiconductor and Display Metrology Group, Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jeongsoon Lee
- Semiconductor and Display Metrology Group, Korea Research Institute of Standard and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Science of Measurement, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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2
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Lückemeier L, De Vos T, Schlichter L, Gutheil C, Daniliuc CG, Glorius F. Chemoselective Heterogeneous Hydrogenation of Sulfur Containing Quinolines under Mild Conditions. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5864-5871. [PMID: 38378184 PMCID: PMC10921411 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Sulfur, alongside oxygen and nitrogen, holds a prominent position as one of the key heteroatoms in nature and medicinal chemistry. Its significance stems from its ability to adopt different oxidation states, rendering it valuable as both a polarity handle and a hydrogen bond donor/acceptor. Nevertheless, the poisonous nature of its free electron pairs makes sulfur containing substrates inaccessible for many catalytic protocols. Strong and (at low temperatures) irreversible chemisorption to the catalyst's surface is in particular detrimental for heterogeneous catalysts, possessing only few catalytically active sites. Herein, we present a novel heterogeneous Ru-S catalyst that tolerates multiple sulfur functionalities, including thioethers, thiophenes, sulfoxides, sulfones, sulfonamides, and sulfoximines, in the hydrogenation of quinolines. The utility of the products was further demonstrated by subsequent diversifications of the sulfur functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lisa Schlichter
- Universität Münster,
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Christian Gutheil
- Universität Münster,
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Universität Münster,
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Universität Münster,
Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Corrensstraße 36, Münster 48149, Germany
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3
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Delcaillau T, Schmitt HL, Boehm P, Falk E, Morandi B. Palladium-Catalyzed Carbothiolation of Alkenes and Alkynes for the Synthesis of Heterocycles. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Delcaillau
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Hendrik L. Schmitt
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Philip Boehm
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Eric Falk
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Bill Morandi
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, HCI, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
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4
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Cera G, Maestri G. Palladium/Brønsted Acid Catalysis for Hydrofunctionalizations of Alkynes: from Tsuji‐Trost Allylations to Stereoselective Methodologies. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero Cera
- Universita degli Studi di Parma Dipartimento delle Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale Parco Area delle Scienze, 17/A 43124 Parma ITALY
| | - Giovanni Maestri
- University of Parma: Universita degli Studi di Parma Dipartimento delle Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale Parco Area delle Scienze, 17/A 43124 Parma ITALY
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5
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Tritiation of aryl thianthrenium salts with a molecular palladium catalyst. Nature 2021; 600:444-449. [PMID: 34912086 PMCID: PMC8674128 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tritium labelling is a critical tool for investigating the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drugs, autoradiography, receptor binding and receptor occupancy studies1. Tritium gas is the preferred source of tritium for the preparation of labelled molecules because it is available in high isotopic purity2. The introduction of tritium labels from tritium gas is commonly achieved by heterogeneous transition-metal-catalysed tritiation of aryl (pseudo)halides. However, heterogeneous catalysts such as palladium supported on carbon operate through a reaction mechanism that also results in the reduction of other functional groups that are prominently featured in pharmaceuticals3. Homogeneous palladium catalysts can react chemoselectively with aryl (pseudo)halides but have not been used for hydrogenolysis reactions because, after required oxidative addition, they cannot split dihydrogen4. Here we report a homogenous hydrogenolysis reaction with a well defined, molecular palladium catalyst. We show how the thianthrene leaving group-which can be introduced selectively into pharmaceuticals by late-stage C-H functionalization5-differs in its coordinating ability to relevant palladium(II) catalysts from conventional leaving groups to enable the previously unrealized catalysis with dihydrogen. This distinct reactivity combined with the chemoselectivity of a well defined molecular palladium catalyst enables the tritiation of small-molecule pharmaceuticals that contain functionality that may otherwise not be tolerated by heterogeneous catalysts. The tritiation reaction does not require an inert atmosphere or dry conditions and is therefore practical and robust to execute, and could have an immediate impact in the discovery and development of pharmaceuticals.
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6
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Auer F, Blaumeiser D, Bauer T, Bösmann A, Szesni N, Libuda J, Wasserscheid P. Boosting the activity of hydrogen release from liquid organic hydrogen carrier systems by sulfur-additives to Pt on alumina catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy00817a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Liquid organic hydrogen carriers represent an interesting alternative for hydrogen storage and transport. We demonstrate a method to simultaneously increase the activity of LOHC dehydrogenation catalysts and reduce side product formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Auer
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Dominik Blaumeiser
- Lehrstuhl für Katalytische Grenzflächenforschung
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Tanja Bauer
- Lehrstuhl für Katalytische Grenzflächenforschung
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Andreas Bösmann
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Normen Szesni
- Clariant Produkte Deutschland GmbH
- 83052 Bruckmühl
- Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Lehrstuhl für Katalytische Grenzflächenforschung
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Peter Wasserscheid
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Reaktionstechnik
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
- D-91058 Erlangen
- Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich
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7
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Haydl AM, Breit B, Liang T, Krische MJ. Alkynes as Electrophilic or Nucleophilic Allylmetal Precursors in Transition-Metal Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:11312-11325. [PMID: 28605083 PMCID: PMC5637541 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diverse late transition metal catalysts convert terminal or internal alkynes into transient allylmetal species that display electrophilic or nucleophilic properties. Whereas classical methods for the generation of allylmetal species often form stoichiometric by-products, the recent use of alkynes as allylmetal precursors enables completely atom-efficient catalytic processes to be carried out, including enantioselective transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Haydl
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg i. Brsg., Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg i. Brsg., Germany
| | - Tao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St. Welch Hall, A5300, Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
| | - Michael J Krische
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 105 E 24th St. Welch Hall, A5300, Austin, TX, 78712-1167, USA
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8
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Haydl AM, Breit B, Liang T, Krische MJ. Alkine als alternativer Einstieg in elektrophile und nukleophile Übergangsmetall-katalysierte Allylierungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Haydl
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg i. Brsg. Deutschland), -frei burg.de
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg i. Brsg. Deutschland), -frei burg.de
| | - Tao Liang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Texas at Austin; 105 E 24th St. Welch Hall, A5300 Austin TX 78712-1167 USA
| | - Michael J. Krische
- Department of Chemistry; University of Texas at Austin; 105 E 24th St. Welch Hall, A5300 Austin TX 78712-1167 USA
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9
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Zhang X, Yu L, Tie J, Dong X. Gas sensitivity and sensing mechanism studies on Au-doped TiO₂ nanotube arrays for detecting SF₆ decomposed components. SENSORS 2014; 14:19517-32. [PMID: 25330053 PMCID: PMC4239856 DOI: 10.3390/s141019517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The analysis to SF6 decomposed component gases is an efficient diagnostic approach to detect the partial discharge in gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) for the purpose of accessing the operating state of power equipment. This paper applied the Au-doped TiO2 nanotube array sensor (Au-TiO2 NTAs) to detect SF6 decomposed components. The electrochemical constant potential method was adopted in the Au-TiO2 NTAs' fabrication, and a series of experiments were conducted to test the characteristic SF6 decomposed gases for a thorough investigation of sensing performances. The sensing characteristic curves of intrinsic and Au-doped TiO2 NTAs were compared to study the mechanism of the gas sensing response. The results indicated that the doped Au could change the TiO2 nanotube arrays' performances of gas sensing selectivity in SF6 decomposed components, as well as reducing the working temperature of TiO2 NTAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Jing Tie
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Xingchen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
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10
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Bambal AS, Guggilla VS, Kugler EL, Gardner TH, Dadyburjor DB. Poisoning of a Silica-Supported Cobalt Catalyst due to Presence of Sulfur Impurities in Syngas during Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis: Effects of Chelating Agent. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie500243h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashish S. Bambal
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- National
Energy
Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Vidya S. Guggilla
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- National
Energy
Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Edwin L. Kugler
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- National
Energy
Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Todd H. Gardner
- National
Energy
Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Dady B. Dadyburjor
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
- National
Energy
Technology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
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11
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Molander GA, Beaumard F. Cross-coupling of mesylated phenol derivatives with potassium ammonio- and amidomethyltrifluoroborates. Org Lett 2011; 13:1242-5. [PMID: 21294530 PMCID: PMC3045638 DOI: 10.1021/ol200128y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A large array of aryl and heteroaryl mesylates have been successfully employed as electrophiles in a Csp(2)-Csp(3) Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling with potassium ammonio- and amidomethyltrifluoroborates to afford the corresponding products in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary A Molander
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA.
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12
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Wang H, Wang J, Xiao WD, Yuan WK. Preparation and catalytic activity of nanometer gold ultrafines supported on Co3O4. POWDER TECHNOL 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-5910(00)00253-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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A supported gold catalyst for the elimination of hydrogen from CO2 feed gas in the production of urea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02068126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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