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Rodrigues RC, Virgen-Ortíz JJ, dos Santos JC, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Alcantara AR, Barbosa O, Ortiz C, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Immobilization of lipases on hydrophobic supports: immobilization mechanism, advantages, problems, and solutions. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:746-770. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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2
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Del Monte-Martínez A, González-Bacerio J, Varela CM, Vega-Villasante F, Lalana-Rueda R, Nolasco H, Díaz J, Guisán JM. Screening and Immobilization of Interfacial Esterases from Marine Invertebrates as Promising Biocatalyst Derivatives. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:903-918. [PMID: 31144254 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03036-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Interfacial esterases are useful enzymes in bioconversion and racemic mixture resolution processes. Marine invertebrates are few explored potential sources of these proteins. In this work, aqueous extracts of 41 species of marine invertebrates were screened for esterase, lipase, and phospholipase A activities, being all positive. Five extracts (Stichodactyla helianthus, Condylactis gigantea, Stylocheilus longicauda, Zoanthus pulchellus, and Plexaura homomalla) were selected for their activity values and immobilized on Octyl-Sepharose CL 4B support by interfacial adsorption. The selectivity of this immobilization method for interfacial esterases was evidenced by immobilization percentages ≥ 94% in almost all cases for lipase and phospholipase A activities. Six pharmaceutical-relevant esters (phenylethyl butyrate, ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butanoate, 2-oxyranylmethyl acetate (glycidol acetate), 7-aminocephalosporanic acid, methyl-prostaglandin F2α, and methyl-6-metoxy-α-methyl-2-naphtalen-acetate -naproxen methyl ester-) were bioconverted by at least three of these biocatalysts, with the lowest conversion percentage of 24%. In addition, three biocatalysts were used in the racemic mixture resolution of three previous compounds. The S. helianthus-derived biocatalyst showed the highest enantiomeric ratios for glycidol acetate (2.67, (S)-selective) and naproxen methyl ester (8.32, (R)-selective), and the immobilized extract of S. longicauda was the most resolutive toward the ethyl-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butanoate (8.13, (S)-selective). These results indicate the relevance of such marine interfacial esterases as immobilized biocatalysts for the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Del Monte-Martínez
- Centro de Estudio de Proteínas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 No. 455 entre I y J, Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Jorge González-Bacerio
- Centro de Estudio de Proteínas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 No. 455 entre I y J, Vedado, Havana, Cuba.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 #455 entre I y J, Vedado, 10400, Havana, Cuba
| | - Carlos M Varela
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS), University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL, 33149, USA.,Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Fernando Vega-Villasante
- Centro Universitario de La Costa, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad #203, Delegación Ixtapa, 48280, Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Lalana-Rueda
- Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 16 #114 entre 1ra y 3ra, Miramar, 11300, Havana, Cuba
| | - Héctor Nolasco
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), Mar Bermejo #195, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, 23090, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Díaz
- Centro de Estudio de Proteínas, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 25 No. 455 entre I y J, Vedado, Havana, Cuba
| | - José M Guisán
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) Campus Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Immobilization of lipases and phospholipases, mainly on water-insoluble carriers, helps in their economic reusing and in the development of continuous bioprocesses. Design of efficient lipase and phospholipase-immobilized systems is rather a difficult task. A lot of research work has been done in order to optimize immobilization techniques and procedures and to develop efficient immobilized systems. We conceived a new strategy for the rational design of immobilized derivatives (RDID) in favor of the successful synthesis of optimal lipase and phospholipase-immobilized derivatives, aiming the prediction of the immobilized derivative's functionality and the optimization of load studies. The RDID strategy begins with the knowledge of structural and functional features of synthesis components (protein and carrier) and the practical goal of the immobilized product. The RDID strategy was implemented in a software named RDID1.0. The employment of RDID allows selecting the most appropriate way to prepare immobilized derivatives more efficient in enzymatic bioconversion processes and racemic mixture resolution.
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Nowroozi-Nejad Z, Bahramian B, Hosseinkhani S. Efficient immobilization of firefly luciferase in a metal organic framework: Fe-MIL-88(NH2) as a mighty support for this purpose. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 121:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Tacias-Pascacio VG, Peirce S, Torrestiana-Sanchez B, Yates M, Rosales-Quintero A, Virgen-Ortíz JJ, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Evaluation of different commercial hydrophobic supports for the immobilization of lipases: tuning their stability, activity and specificity. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21730c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immobilization of different lipases on diffferent hydrophobic supportsviainterfacial activation has permitted to tunning enzyme performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G. Tacias-Pascacio
- Instituto de Catálisis-ICP-CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos
- Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz
| | - Sara Peirce
- Instituto de Catálisis-ICP-CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica
- dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale
| | | | - Malcon Yates
- Instituto de Catálisis-ICP-CSIC
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
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Barbosa O, Ortiz C, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Torres R, Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Strategies for the one-step immobilization–purification of enzymes as industrial biocatalysts. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:435-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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7
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Wu X, Hou M, Ge J. Metal–organic frameworks and inorganic nanoflowers: a type of emerging inorganic crystal nanocarrier for enzyme immobilization. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy01181g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
By the methods of physical adsorption, covalent conjugation and self-assembly, enzymes can be immobilized on metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and inorganic crystal nanoflowers with the great promise of enhancing enzyme stability, activity and even selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wu
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
| | - Miao Hou
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis
- Ministry of Education
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
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8
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Lipase purification by affinity precipitation with a thermo-responsive polymer immobilized Cibacron Blue F3GA ligand. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-014-0015-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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de Lima LN, Aragon CC, Mateo C, Palomo JM, Giordano RL, Tardioli PW, Guisan JM, Fernandez-Lorente G. Immobilization and stabilization of a bimolecular aggregate of the lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens by multipoint covalent attachment. Process Biochem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Del Monte-Martínez A, Cutiño-Avila BV. Rational design of immobilized lipases and phospholipases. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 861:343-382. [PMID: 22426729 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-600-5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization of lipases and phospholipases on, mainly, water insoluble carriers, helps in their economic reuse and in the development of continuous bioprocesses. Design of efficient lipases and phospholipases-immobilized system is rather a difficult task. A lot of research work has been done in order to optimize immobilization techniques and procedures and to develop an efficient immobilized system. A new rational design of immobilized derivatives strategy (RDID) has been conceived in favor of the successful synthesis of optimal lipases and phospholipases-immobilized derivatives, aiming prediction of the immobilized derivative's functionality and the optimization of load studies. RDID begins with the knowledge of structural and functional features of synthesis components (protein and carrier), and the practical goal of immobilized product. RDID was implemented in software named RDID ( 1.0 ). The employment of RDID allows selecting the most appropriate way to prepare immobilized derivatives more efficient in enzymatic bioconversion processes and racemic mixture resolution.
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Idris A, Bukhari A. Immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B: Hydration, stripping off and application in ring opening polyester synthesis. Biotechnol Adv 2011; 30:550-63. [PMID: 22041165 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This work reviews the stripping off, role of water molecules in activity, and flexibility of immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB). Employment of CALB in ring opening polyester synthesis emphasizing on a polylactide is discussed in detail. Execution of enzymes in place of inorganic catalysts is the most green alternative for sustainable and environment friendly synthesis of products on an industrial scale. Robust immobilization and consequently performance of enzyme is the essential objective of enzyme application in industry. Water bound to the surface of an enzyme (contact class of water molecules) is inevitable for enzyme performance; it controls enzyme dynamics via flexibility changes and has intensive influence on enzyme activity. The value of pH during immobilization of CALB plays a critical role in fixing the active conformation of an enzyme. Comprehensive selection of support and protocol can develop a robust immobilized enzyme thus enhancing its performance. Organic solvents with a log P value higher than four are more suitable for enzymatic catalysis as these solvents tend to strip away very little of the enzyme surface bound water molecules. Alternatively ionic liquid can work as a more promising reaction media. Covalent immobilization is an exclusively reliable technique to circumvent the leaching of enzymes and to enhance stability. Activated polystyrene nanoparticles can prove to be a practical and economical support for chemical immobilization of CALB. In order to reduce the E-factor for the synthesis of biodegradable polymers; enzymatic ring opening polyester synthesis (eROPS) of cyclic monomers is a more sensible route for polyester synthesis. Synergies obtained from ionic liquids and immobilized enzyme can be much effective eROPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Idris
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
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12
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Effect of the immobilization protocol on the properties of lipase B from Candida antarctica in organic media: Enantiospecifc production of atenolol acetate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2011.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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A novel halophilic lipase, LipBL, showing high efficiency in the production of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). PLoS One 2011; 6:e23325. [PMID: 21853111 PMCID: PMC3154438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Among extremophiles, halophiles are defined as microorganisms adapted to live and thrive in diverse extreme saline environments. These extremophilic microorganisms constitute the source of a number of hydrolases with great biotechnological applications. The interest to use extremozymes from halophiles in industrial applications is their resistance to organic solvents and extreme temperatures. Marinobacter lipolyticus SM19 is a moderately halophilic bacterium, isolated previously from a saline habitat in South Spain, showing lipolytic activity. Methods and Findings A lipolytic enzyme from the halophilic bacterium Marinobacter lipolyticus SM19 was isolated. This enzyme, designated LipBL, was expressed in Escherichia coli. LipBL is a protein of 404 amino acids with a molecular mass of 45.3 kDa and high identity to class C β-lactamases. LipBL was purified and biochemically characterized. The temperature for its maximal activity was 80°C and the pH optimum determined at 25°C was 7.0, showing optimal activity without sodium chloride, while maintaining 20% activity in a wide range of NaCl concentrations. This enzyme exhibited high activity against short-medium length acyl chain substrates, although it also hydrolyzes olive oil and fish oil. The fish oil hydrolysis using LipBL results in an enrichment of free eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), but not docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), relative to its levels present in fish oil. For improving the stability and to be used in industrial processes LipBL was immobilized in different supports. The immobilized derivatives CNBr-activated Sepharose were highly selective towards the release of EPA versus DHA. The enzyme is also active towards different chiral and prochiral esters. Exposure of LipBL to buffer-solvent mixtures showed that the enzyme had remarkable activity and stability in all organic solvents tested. Conclusions In this study we isolated, purified, biochemically characterized and immobilized a lipolytic enzyme from a halophilic bacterium M. lipolyticus, which constitutes an enzyme with excellent properties to be used in the food industry, in the enrichment in omega-3 PUFAs.
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Barbosa O, Ariza C, Ortiz C, Torres R. Kinetic resolution of (R/S)-propranolol (1-isopropylamino-3-(1-naphtoxy)-2-propanolol) catalyzed by immobilized preparations of Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B). N Biotechnol 2010; 27:844-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2010.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Revised: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Volpato G, Filice M, Ayub MAZ, Guisan JM, Palomo JM. Single-step purification of different lipases from Staphylococcus warneri. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1217:473-8. [PMID: 19954784 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Three different lipases from the extract crude of Staphylococcus warneri have been purified by specific lipase-lipase interactions using different lipases (TLL, RML, PFL, BTL2) covalently attached to a solid support as adsorption matrix. BTL2 immobilized on glyoxyl-DTT adsorbed selectivity only a 30 kDa lipase from the crude, which was desorbed by adding 0.1% triton X-100. Using glyoxyl-PFL as matrix, two new lipases (28 and 40 kDa) were adsorbed, and completely pure 40 kDa lipase was obtained after desorption using 0.01% triton, whereas 28 kDa lipase was desorbed after the incubation of the lipase matrix with 3% detergent. When using other matrixes as glyoxyl-TLL or glyoxyl-RML, different lipases were adsorbed. This methodology could be a very efficient and useful method to purify several lipases from crude extracts from different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giandra Volpato
- Departamento de Biocatalisis, Instituto de Catalisis (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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16
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Miletić N, Abetz V, Ebert K, Loos K. Immobilization of Candida antarctica lipase B on Polystyrene Nanoparticles. Macromol Rapid Commun 2009; 31:71-4. [PMID: 21590839 DOI: 10.1002/marc.200900497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles were prepared via a nanoprecipitation process. The influence of the pH of the buffer solution used during the immobilization process on the loading of Candida antarctica lipase B (Cal-B) and on the hydrolytic activity (hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate) of the immobilized Cal-B was studied. The pH of the buffer solution has no influence on enzyme loading, while immobilized enzyme activity is very dependent on the pH of adsorption. Cal-B immobilized on PS nanoparticles in buffer solution pH 6.8 performed higher hydrolytic activity than crude enzyme powder and Novozyme 435.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemanja Miletić
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Separation and Immobilization of Lipase from Penicillium simplicissimum by Selective Adsorption on Hydrophobic Supports. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 156:133-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 10/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Almeida RV, Branco RV, Peixoto B, Lima CDS, Alqueres SMC, Martins OB, Antunes OAC, Freire DMG. Immobilization of a recombinant thermostable esterase (Pf2001) from Pyrococcus furiosus on microporous polypropylene: Isotherms, hyperactivation and purification. Biochem Eng J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2007.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hsu KH, Lee GC, Shaw JF. Promoter analysis and differential expression of the Candida rugosa lipase gene family in response to culture conditions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:1992-1998. [PMID: 18290622 DOI: 10.1021/jf073076o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Five lipase genes have been identified and sequenced from Candida rugosa. However, as the sequences of LIP multigene family are extremely closely related, it is difficult to characterize the expression spectrum of LIP genes. In the present work we have cloned, sequenced, and analyzed the promoters of these five LIP isoform genes, and several putative transcriptional elements including oleate response element (ORE) and upstream activation sequence 1 (UAS1) were identified. A quantitative real-time RT-PCR method was developed for determining the differential expression of C. rugosa lipase family genes in response to various environmental and nutritional factors. While all five LIP genes display significant changes in mRNA expression under oleic acid and/or olive oil culture conditions, LIP2 showed the strongest induction (456-fold) in response to oleic acid. LIP transcription and promoter regulation were studied by assaying the beta-galactosidase activities of promoter-lacZ fusions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three of the LIP genes, LIP3, LIP4, and LIP5, showed significant induction by oleic acid, and their ORE and UAS1 elements are essential for induction by oleic acid. Together, this suggests that the multiple lipase expression profiles may be due to differential transcriptional regulation of the LIP genes in response to environment or nutritional factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Hao Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Xu TW, Xu JH, Yu W, Zhong JH. Investigating pH and Cu (II) effects on lipase activity and enantioselectivity via kinetic and spectroscopic methods. Biotechnol J 2006; 1:1293-301. [PMID: 17068757 DOI: 10.1002/biot.200600135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
For Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) catalyzed hydrolysis of racemic 1-phenethyl acetate, both the weakly acidic pH (pH 6.0) and the addition of 1 mM copper (II) ion enhanced the enzyme activity and enantioselectivity (E value) about twofold, as compared with that under neutral pH and noadditive conditions. The decrease of activation free energy (DeltaG) and increase of k(cat)(R)/k(cat)(S) at weakly acidic pH and/or in the presence of copper (II) characterized the kinetic behavior of CRL. On the other hand, for providing reasonable insights into the catalytic mechanism and the structural basis for enantioselectivity alteration, spectroscopic techniques were employed to probe conformational changes of the enzyme in each medium assayed. The fluorescence emission spectra revealed that pH and copper (II) might exert different effects on the microenvironment of Trp residue and thereby on the protein conformation, which could be further verified by UV-visible and Raman spectra. The conformational modulation of CRL associated with either pH or copper (II) concentration in the reaction medium could be attributed to the flexible and sensitive conformation of the enzyme, which is responsible for the significant variation of apparent activity and enantioselectivity with the tuning of biocatalyst microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Wen Xu
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai, PR China
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Purification, Immobilization, Hyperactivation, and Stabilization of Lipases by Selective Adsorption on Hydrophobic Supports. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-053-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Fernández-Lorente G, Ortiz C, Segura RL, Fernández-Lafuente R, Guisán JM, Palomo JM. Purification of different lipases fromAspergillus niger by using a highly selective adsorption on hydrophobic supports. Biotechnol Bioeng 2005; 92:773-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.20656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Palomo JM, Ortiz C, Fuentes M, Fernandez-Lorente G, Guisan JM, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Use of immobilized lipases for lipase purification via specific lipase–lipase interactions. J Chromatogr A 2004; 1038:267-73. [PMID: 15233541 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL), an enzyme with a great tendency to yield bimolecular aggregates, was immobilized via multipoint covalent attachment on glyoxyl-agarose in the presence of Triton X-100. This strategy permitted to obtain the enzyme with the active center oriented towards the reaction medium. This immobilized enzyme presents the capacity of specifically adsorbing PFL molecules, that can be easily desorbed by the use of detergents. More interesting, the enzyme was also able to adsorb other lipases. That is, the lipase from Bacillus thermocatenulatus (BTL2) cloned in Escherichia coli was selectively adsorbed on this immobilized enzyme, enabling a very simple purification strategy. Similar results were achieved with some other lipases (those from Rhizomucor miehei (RML), Rhizopus oryzae (ROL), and Humicola Lanuginosa (HLL)). In all cases, the enzyme could be easily desorbed by incubation with Triton X-100. The matrix could be used several cycles without any detrimental effect on the adsorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Palomo
- Departamento of Biocatalisis, Instituto of Catalisis (CSIC), Campus UAM Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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Bellezza F, Cipiciani A, Costantino U. Esterase activity of biocomposites constituted by lipases adsorbed on layered zirconium phosphate and phosphonates: selective adsorption of different enzyme isoforms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(03)00164-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Palomo JM, Peñas MM, Fernández-Lorente G, Mateo C, Pisabarro AG, Fernández-Lafuente R, Ramírez L, Guisán JM. Solid-phase handling of hydrophobins: immobilized hydrophobins as a new tool to study lipases. Biomacromolecules 2003; 4:204-10. [PMID: 12625713 DOI: 10.1021/bm020071l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobins are fungal proteins that self-assemble spontaneously at hydrophilic-hydrophobic interfaces and change the polar nature of the surfaces to which they attach. This attribute can be used to introduce hydrophobic foci on the surface of hydrophilic supports where hydrophobins are attached by covalent binding. In this paper, we report the binding of Pleurotus ostreatus hydrophobins to a hydrophilic matrix (agarose) to construct a support for noncovalent immobilization and activation of lipases from Candida antarctica, Humicola lanuginosa, and Pseudomonas flourescens. Lipase immobilization on agarose-bound hydrophobins proceeded at very low ionic strength and resulted in increased lipase activity and stability. The enzyme could be desorbed from the support using moderate concentrations of Triton X-100, and its enantioselectivity was similar to that of lipases interfacially immobilized on conventional hydrophobic supports. These results suggest that lipase adsorption on hydrophobins follows an "interfacial activation" mechanism; immobilization on hydrophobins offers new possibilities for lipase study and modulation and reveals a new application for fungal hydrophobins.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Palomo
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis, CSIC, Campus Universidad Autonóma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Palomo JM, Fuentes M, Fernández-Lorente G, Mateo C, Guisan JM, Fernández-Lafuente R. General trend of lipase to self-assemble giving bimolecular aggregates greatly modifies the enzyme functionality. Biomacromolecules 2003; 4:1-6. [PMID: 12523838 DOI: 10.1021/bm025729+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three microbial lipases (those from Candida rugosa, Humicola lanuginosa, and Mucor miehei) have been found to exhibit a tendency to form bimolecular aggregates in solution even at very low enzyme concentrations (44 microg/mL) in the absence of a detergent, as detected by gel filtration. The monomolecular form of the enzymes was found as unique only at low enzyme concentration and in the presence of detergents. However, in the case of the lipase B from Candida antarctica, no bimolecular form could be identified even at enzyme concentrations as high as 1.2 mg/mL in the absence of detergent. It has been stated that bimolecular and monomolecular structures display very different functional properties: (i) the enzyme specific activity decreased when the lipase concentration increased; (ii) the bimolecular form was much more stable than the monomeric one yielding a higher optimal T (increasing between 5 and 10 degrees C) and higher stability in inactivation experiments (the dimer half-life became several orders of magnitude higher than that of the monomer); (iii) the enantioselectivity depended on the enzyme concentration even after immobilization. For example, with use of the lipase from H. lanuginosa, the enantiomeric excess of the remaining ester in the hydrolysis of fully soluble ethyl ester of (R,S)-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoic acid varied from 4 to 57 when the concentrated or diluted enzyme immobilized on PEI support, respectively, was used. It seems that the bimolecular structure of lipases might be formed by two open lipase molecules (interfacially activating each other) in very close contact and hence with a very altered active center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Palomo
- Department of Biocatalysis, Institute of Catalysis, CSIC, Campus Universidad Autonoma, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Palomo JM, Fernandez-Lorente G, Mateo C, Ortiz C, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Guisan JM. Modulation of the enantioselectivity of lipases via controlled immobilization and medium engineering: hydrolytic resolution of mandelic acid esters. Enzyme Microb Technol 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(02)00169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Minning S, Serrano A, Ferrer P, Solá C, Schmid RD, Valero F. Optimization of the high-level production of Rhizopus oryzae lipase in Pichia pastoris. J Biotechnol 2001; 86:59-70. [PMID: 11223145 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(00)00402-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The lipases of the Rhizopus species family are important and versatile enzymes that are mainly used in fat and oil modification due to their strong 1,3-regiospecificity. Inexpensive synthetic medium was used for the production of Rhizopus oryzae lipase in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. Methanol accumulation inside the bioreactor has previously been shown to negatively influence the production level. Three different methanol fed-batch strategies for maintaining the methanol concentration within optimal limits have been assayed in high-density cultures. One methanol feeding strategy, which is based on the monitoring of the methanol concentration by gas chromatography, resulted in a 2.5-fold higher productivity compared to an initial cultivation, where the feeding rate was adjusted according to the dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in the supernatant. Finally, productivity could be further increased by introducing a transition phase that involved the simultaneous feeding of glycerol and methanol followed by a single methanol feed. This optimized strategy resulted in the highest productivity (12888 U l(-1) h(-1)), which is 13.6-fold higher than the DO-based strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Minning
- Institut für Technische Biochemie, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
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Fernández-Lorente G, Terreni M, Mateo C, Bastida A, Fernández-Lafuente R, Dalmases P, Huguet J, Guisán JM. Modulation of lipase properties in macro-aqueous systems by controlled enzyme immobilization: enantioselective hydrolysis of a chiral ester by immobilized Pseudomonas lipase. Enzyme Microb Technol 2001; 28:389-396. [PMID: 11240196 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(00)00324-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL) has been immobilized by using different immobilization protocols. The catalytic behavior of the different PFL derivatives in the hydrolytic resolution of fully soluble (R,S) 2-hydroxy 4-phenyl butanoic acid ethyl ester (HPBE) in aqueous medium was analyzed. The soluble enzyme showed a significant but low enantioselectivity, hydrolyzing the S isomer more rapidly than the R-isomer (E = 7). The enzyme, immobilized via a limited attachment to a long and flexible spacer arm, showed almost identical activity and specificity to the soluble enzyme. However, other derivatives, e.g. PFL adsorbed on supports covered by hydrophobic moieties (octyl, decaoctyl), exhibited significant hyperactivation on immobilization (approximately 7-fold). Simultaneously, the enantioselectivity of the PFL-immobilized enzyme was significantly improved (from E = 7 to E = 80). By using such derivatives, almost pure R ester isomer (e.e. > 99%) has been obtained after 55% hydrolysis of the racemic mixture of a solution of 10% (w/v) (R,S) HPBE. The derivatives could be used for 10 cycles without any significant decrease in the activity of the biocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fernández-Lorente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis CSIC, Campus UAM-Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Preparation of new lipases derivatives with high activity–stability in anhydrous media: adsorption on hydrophobic supports plus hydrophilization with polyethylenimine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(00)00011-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Lee GC, Tang SJ, Sun KH, Shaw JF. Analysis of the gene family encoding lipases in Candida rugosa by competitive reverse transcription-PCR. Appl Environ Microbiol 1999; 65:3888-95. [PMID: 10473391 PMCID: PMC99716 DOI: 10.1128/aem.65.9.3888-3895.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of multiple extracellular lipases in Candida rugosa has been demonstrated. However, it is difficult to characterize the expression spectrum of lip genes, since the sequences of the lip multigene family are very closely related. A competitive reverse transcription-PCR assay was developed to quantify the expression of lip genes. In agreement with the protein profile, the abundance of lip mRNAs was found to be (in decreasing order) lip1, lip3, lip2, lip5, and lip4. To analyze the effects of different culture conditions, the transcript concentrations for these mRNA species were normalized relative to the values for gpd, encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. In relative terms, lip1 and lip3 were highly and constitutively expressed (about 10(5) molecules per microg of total RNA) whereas the other inducible lip genes, especially lip4, showed significant changes in mRNA expression under different culture conditions. These results indicate that differential transcriptional control of lip genes results in multiple forms of lipase proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Lee
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan 11211
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