1
|
Brišar N, Šuster K, Brezar SK, Vidmar R, Fonović M, Cör A. An Engineered M13 Filamentous Nanoparticle as an Antigen Carrier for a Malignant Melanoma Immunotherapeutic Strategy. Viruses 2024; 16:232. [PMID: 38400008 PMCID: PMC10893169 DOI: 10.3390/v16020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages, prokaryotic viruses, hold great potential in genetic engineering to open up new avenues for vaccine development. Our study aimed to establish engineered M13 bacteriophages expressing MAGE-A1 tumor peptides as a vaccine for melanoma treatment. Through in vivo experiments, we sought to assess their ability to induce robust immune responses. Using phage display technology, we engineered two M13 bacteriophages expressing MAGE-A1 peptides as fusion proteins with either pVIII or pIIII coat proteins. Mice were intraperitoneally vaccinated three times, two weeks apart, using two different engineered bacteriophages; control groups received a wild-type bacteriophage. Serum samples taken seven days after each vaccination were analyzed by ELISA assay, while splenocytes harvested seven days following the second boost were evaluated by ex vivo cytotoxicity assay. Fusion proteins were confirmed by Western blot and nano-LC-MS/MS. The application of bacteriophages was safe, with no adverse effects on mice. Engineered bacteriophages effectively triggered immune responses, leading to increased levels of anti-MAGE-A1 antibodies in proportion to the administered bacteriophage dosage. Anti-MAGE-A1 antibodies also exhibited a binding capability to B16F10 tumor cells in vitro, as opposed to control samples. Splenocytes demonstrated enhanced CTL cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells. We have demonstrated the immunogenic capabilities of engineered M13 bacteriophages, emphasizing their potential for melanoma immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuša Brišar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Katja Šuster
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, 6280 Ankaran, Slovenia;
| | - Simona Kranjc Brezar
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Robert Vidmar
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.V.); (M.F.)
| | - Marko Fonović
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, Jozef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (R.V.); (M.F.)
| | - Andrej Cör
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, 6280 Ankaran, Slovenia;
- Faculty of Education, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lambda bacteriophage nanoparticles displaying GP2, a HER2/neu derived peptide, induce prophylactic and therapeutic activities against TUBO tumor model in mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2221. [PMID: 30778090 PMCID: PMC6379380 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38371-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Generating a protective and long-lasting immune response is the primary goal in the expanding field of immunotherapeutic research. In current study we designed an immunogenic bacteriophage- based vaccine to induce a cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity against a mice tumor model over-expressing HER2/neu. Bacteriophage λ displaying a HER2/neu derived peptide GP2 was constructed and used as an anti-cancer vaccine in a BALB/c mouse xenograft tumor model. The results of our study indicated that phage nanoparticles displaying GP2 as a fused peptide to the gpD phage capsid protein induced a robust CTL response. Furthermore, the chimeric phage nanoparticles protected mice against HER2/neu-positive tumor challenge in both prophylactic and therapeutic settings. In conclusion, we propose that λ phage nanoparticles decorated with GP2 peptide merit further investigation for the development of peptide-based vaccines against HER2/neu overexpressing tumors.
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
With the rise in novel infectious agents and disease pandemics, a new era of vaccine discovery is necessary. To address this, the new field of immunomics is described, which is synergistically powered by integrating bioinformatics methodologies with technological advances in biology and high-throughput instrumentation. By incorporating biological data from immunology and molecular biology with current genomics and proteomics, immunomics is geared to deliver an insight into immune function, optimal stimulation of immune responses and precise mapping and rational selection of immune targets that cover antigenic diversity. These efforts are expected to contribute towards the development of new generation of vaccines, tailored to both the genetic make-up of the human population and of the pathogen. Vaccine technologies are also being explored for prevention or control of non-communicable diseases.
Collapse
|
4
|
Wilson R, Danishefsky S. Zum Wirkungsbereich der chemischen Synthese: Aufbau einer Minipipeline in einem akademischen Labor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
5
|
Wilson RM, Danishefsky SJ. On the Reach of Chemical Synthesis: Creation of a Mini-Pipeline from an Academic Laboratory. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:6032-56. [PMID: 20661969 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Wilson
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nagorny P, Kim WH, Wan Q, Lee D, Danishefsky SJ. On the emerging role of chemistry in the fashioning of biologics: synthesis of a bidomainal fucosyl GM1-based vaccine for the treatment of small cell lung cancer. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5157-62. [PMID: 19555091 PMCID: PMC2736353 DOI: 10.1021/jo900918m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of the novel small cell lung cancer (SCLC) fucosyl GM1-based vaccine construct, featuring insertion of the HLA-DR binding 15 amino acid sequence derived from Plasmodium falciparum, is described. The resultant glycopeptide has been synthesized in an efficient manner. Finally, successful conjugation of the glycopeptide to the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) carrier protein completed the preparation of the vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Nagorny
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Woo Han Kim
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Qian Wan
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Dongjoo Lee
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
| | - Samuel J. Danishefsky
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, Havemeyer Hall, 3000 Broadway, New York, New York 10027
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
We review recent advances toward a comprehensive mathematical theory of T-cell immunity. A key insight is that the efficacy of the T-cell response is best analyzed in terms of T-cell receptor (TCR) avidity and the distribution of this avidity across the TCR repertoire (the 'avidity spectrum'). Modification of this avidity spectrum by a wide range of tuning and tolerance mechanisms allows the system to adapt cross-reactivity and specificity to the challenge at hand while avoiding inappropriate responses against non-pathogenic cells and tissues. Theoretical models relate molecular kinetic parameters and cellular properties to systemic level statistics such as avidity spectra. Such bridge equations are crucial for rational clinical manipulation of T cells at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo A van den Berg
- Warwick Systems Biology Centre, Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Variola major, the causative agent of smallpox, afflicted mankind throughout history until the worldwide World Health Organisation WHO vaccination campaign successfully eradicated the disease. Unfortunately, recent concerns about bioterrorism have renewed scientific interest in this virus. One essential component of our biodefense and preparedness efforts is an understanding of poxvirus immunity. To this end a number of laboratories have sought to discover T- and B-Cell epitopes from select agents such as variola virus. This review focuses on the efforts to identify CD8(+) T-Cell epitopes from poxviruses as a means to develop new vaccines and therapeutics. A wide variety of techniques have been employed by several research groups to provide complementary information regarding cellular immune responses to poxviruses. In the last several years well over 100 T-Cell epitopes have been identified and the work rapidly continues. The information gleaned from these studies will not only give us a greater understanding of immunity to variola virus and other viruses, but also provide a foundation for next generation vaccines and additional tools with which to study host-pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kennedy
- Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the expression of several important molecules involved in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I presentation pathway in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine whether cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) vaccine therapy was suitable for HCC.
METHODS: Labeled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method of immunohisto-chemistry was used to study 33 HCC tissue specimens.
RESULTS: Most HCC tissues and adjacent histological normal hepatocytes expressed HLA-I antigens,TAP, and B7, expression of B7 was especially strong, and there was no significant difference between them (P>0.05).
CONCLUSION: The MHC class I presentation pathway in primary hepatocellular carcinoma may not be abnormal or dysfunctional, and CTL could kill these tumor cells. Thus, it is suitable and practicable to design and construct CTL vaccine against HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sinibaldi Vallebona P, Rasi G, Pierimarchi P, Bernard P, Guarino E, Guadagni F, Garaci E. Vaccination with a synthetic nonapeptide expressed in human tumors prevents colorectal cancer liver metastases in syngeneic rats. Int J Cancer 2004; 110:70-5. [PMID: 15054870 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.20063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, the antigen CSH-275 (RTNKEASIC) was found expressed in tissue specimens from colorectal cancer but not in normal colonic mucosa. It was also naturally expressed in the DHD-K12 experimental colorectal cancer in BDIX rats. In this study, we describe the effect of vaccination with the synthetic nonapeptide CSH-275 in preventing tumor growth in a model closely mimicking the clinical situation of liver metastases, after surgical resection of primary colorectal cancer. A vaccination protocol using CSH-275, conjugated with complete or incomplete Freund's adjuvant, was carried out to determine the effect in preventing the progression of liver metastases induced by DHD-K12 cells injected in the splenic vein (preventive vaccine). An additional vaccination procedure was carried out to determine the effect on s.c. tumor growth (therapeutic vaccine). A significant improvement in survival along with the prevention of liver metastases formation and reduced growth of s.c. tumor were observed. CSH-275 vaccination resulted in a significant increase in CTL activity against autologous DHD-K12 cells in DHD-K12 tumor-bearing rats and the generation of a CTL response against DHD-K12 cells in DHD-K12 naive rats. Vaccination also induced massive infiltration of CD8(+) cells in tumor. These results demonstrate that CSH-275 is a new molecular target for colorectal cancer immunotherapy; it is also an excellent candidate for preclinical studies because it is naturally expressed on tumors in a fully competent syngeneic animal, which reproduces the clinical pattern of cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Sinibaldi Vallebona
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hao CQ, Feng ZH, Zhou YX, Nie QH, Li JG, Jia ZS, Liang XS, Xie YM, Cao YZ, Kang WZ. Construction, package and identification of replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus expression vector of HCV C. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2003; 11:144-147. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v11.i2.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To construct a replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus expression vector of HCV C.
METHODS: The HCV core gene was cloned at the downstream of CMV promoter of the adenoviral shuttle plasmid pAd. CMV-link. 1, and the resultant recombinant plasmid pAd. HCV-C was cotransfected into 293 cell together with plasmid pJM17 containing adenoviral genome, then the adenovirus expression vector was obtained, and identified by infecting test, electronic microscope observation and PCR co-amplification. The plasmid pAd. HCV-C was identified by endonuclease, PCR and sequencing. The expressive activity of adenovirus vector was identified by immunofluorescence and Western blot.
RESULTS: HCV core gene in the inserted DNA of pAd. HCV-C was confirmed by endonuclease, PCR and sequencing. Results of infecting test, electronic microscopic observation and PCR co-amplification showed that the adenovirus vector had been constructed successfully. Expression of HCV core antigen was proved in the HepG2 cells by immunofluorescence and Western blot.
CONCLUSION: The replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus vector can express HCV core antigen in HepG2 cells. This study established a foundation for further study on HCV vaccines and gene therapy for hepatitis C.
Collapse
|
12
|
Brekke OH, Sandlie I. Therapeutic antibodies for human diseases at the dawn of the twenty-first century. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2003; 2:52-62. [PMID: 12509759 DOI: 10.1038/nrd984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 551] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies are highly specific, naturally evolved molecules that recognize and eliminate pathogenic and disease antigens. The past 30 years of antibody research have hinted at the promise of new versatile therapeutic agents to fight cancer, autoimmune diseases and infection. Technology development and the testing of new generations of antibody reagents have altered our view of how they might be used for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes. The therapeutic antibodies of today are genetically engineered molecules that are designed to ensure high specificity and functionality. Some antibodies are loaded with toxic modules, whereas others are designed to function naturally, depending on the therapeutic application. In this review, we discuss various aspects of antibodies that are relevant to their use as as therapeutic agents.
Collapse
|
13
|
Daubenberger CA, Nickel B, Ciatto C, Grütter MG, Pöltl-Frank F, Rossi L, Siegler U, Robinson J, Kashala O, Patarroyo ME, Pluschke G. Amino acid dimorphism and parasite immune evasion: cellular immune responses to a promiscuous epitope of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 displaying dimorphic amino acid polymorphism are highly constrained. Eur J Immunol 2002; 32:3667-77. [PMID: 12516559 DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200212)32:12<3667::aid-immu3667>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Like most other surface-exposed antigens of Plasmodium falciparum, the leading malaria vaccine candidate merozoite surface protein (MSP)-1 contains a large number of dimorphic amino acid positions. This type of diversity is presumed to be associated with parasite immune evasion and represents one major obstacle to malaria subunit vaccine development. To understand the precise role of antigen dimorphism in immune evasion, we have analyzed the flexibility of CD4 T cell immune responses against a semi-conserved sequence stretch of the N-terminal block of MSP-1. While this sequence contains overlapping promiscuous T cell epitopes and is a target for growth inhibitory antibodies, three dimorphic amino acid positions may limit its suitability as component of a multi-epitope malaria vaccine. We have analyzed the CD4 T cell responses in a group of human volunteers immunized with a synthetic malaria peptide vaccine containing a single MSP-143-53 sequence variant. All human T cell lines and HLA-DR- or -DP-restricted T cell clones studied were exclusively specific for the sequence variant used for immunization. Competition peptide binding assays with affinity-purified HLA-DR molecules indicated that dimorphism does not primarily affect HLA binding. Modeling studies of the dominant restricting HLA-DRB1*0801 molecule showed that the dimorphic amino acids represent potential TCR contact residues. Lack of productive triggering of the TCR by MHC/variant peptide ligand complexes thus seems to be the characteristic feature of parasite immune evasion associated with antigen dimorphism.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wu YZ, Zhao JP, Wan Y, Jia ZC, Zhou W, Bian J, Ni B, Zou LY, Tang Y. Mimovirus: a novel form of vaccine that induces hepatitis B virus-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in vivo. J Virol 2002; 76:10264-9. [PMID: 12239302 PMCID: PMC136564 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.76.20.10264-10269.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2002] [Accepted: 07/09/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are now recognized as important mediators of immunity against intracellular pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus and tumors. How to efficiently evoke antigen-specific CTL responses in vivo has become a crucial problem in the development of modern vaccines. Here, we developed a completely novel CTL vaccine-mimovirus, which is a kind of virus-size particulate antigen delivery system. It was formed by the self-assembly of a cationic peptide containing 18 lysines and a CTL-epitope peptide of HBsAg(28-39), with a plasmid encoding mouse interleukin-12 (IL-12) through electrostatic interactions. We examined the formation of mimovirus by DNA retardation assay, DNase I protection assay, and transmission electron microscopy and demonstrated that mimovirus could efficiently transfer the plasmid encoding IL-12 into mammalian cells such as P815 cells in vitro. Furthermore, it was proved that mimovirus could induce an HBsAg(28-39)-specific CTL response in vivo. Considering its effectiveness, flexibility, and defined composition, mimovirus is potentially a novel system for vaccination against intracellular pathogens and tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Third Military Medical University, Ave. Gaotanyan 30th, District Shapingba, Chongqing 400038, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
von Herrath MG. Regulation of virally induced autoimmunity and immunopathology: contribution of LCMV transgenic models to understanding autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2002; 263:145-75. [PMID: 11987813 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-56055-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M G von Herrath
- Division of Virology, Department of Neuropharmacology, IMM6, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Guardiola J, De Berardinis P, Sartorius R, Fanutti C, Perham RN, Del Pozzo G. Phage display of epitopes from HIV-1 elicits strong cytolytic responses in vitro and in vivo. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2002; 495:291-8. [PMID: 11774581 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0685-0_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Guardiola
- International Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Neville ME, Robb RJ, Popescu MC. In situ vaccination against a non-immunogenic tumour using intratumoural injections of liposomal interleukin 2. Cytokine 2001; 16:239-50. [PMID: 11884028 DOI: 10.1006/cyto.2001.0963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancers appear to escape surveillance by the immune system at least in part because they fail to induce a protective immune response. Therapeutic vaccines based on specific tumour antigens and tumour cells modified ex vivo by genetic techniques are but two strategies being used to circumvent this problem. In this report, we describe a simple, yet effective alternative in which tumour-specific responses are induced by in situ administration of a well-characterized liposomal formulation of the cytokine interleukin 2 (IL-2). Using the non-immunogenic B16 melanoma model, intratumoural injections of liposomal IL-2 L(IL2), were shown to induce a long-lived immune response specific for the injected tumour. In conjunction with subsequent removal of the primary tumours by surgery, the injections increased mean survival to 57 days from a control value of 32 days and partially protected surviving mice against re-challenge with B16. L(IL2) induced an early infiltration of inflammatory cells within the tumours which was followed several days later by an influx of CD3+ T cells. The cellular influx and a coincident decrease in tumour growth were noted in both injected tumours and a second non-injected tumour on the same animal, thereby demonstrating the systemic nature of the immune response. Intratumoural injections of soluble IL-2 at the same dose failed to induce B16-specific cellular immunity or to prolong survival of the mice. Thus, liposomal formulation of the cytokine was fundamental to successful induction of immunity by this in situ vaccination regimen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Neville
- Biomira USA Inc., 1002 Eastpark Blvd, Cranbury, NJ 08512, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wong HT, Cheng SC, Chan EW, Sheng ZT, Yan WY, Zheng ZX, Xie Y. Plasmids encoding foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 epitopes elicited immune responses in mice and swine and protected swine against viral infection. Virology 2000; 278:27-35. [PMID: 11112477 DOI: 10.1006/viro.2000.0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
VP1 is a capsid protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and contains epitopes of the virus. Plasmids encoding two VP1 epitopes (amino acid residues 141-160 and 200-213) and a host-self immunoglobulin molecule were constructed to produce a new type of FMD DNA vaccine. Two plasmids, namely, pCEIM and pCEIS, containing mouse immunoglobulin (IgG) or swine IgG were subjected to immunogenicity testing in mice and swine, respectively. In mice administrated pCEIM in the abdomen using a genegun, both FMDV-specific T-cell proliferation and neutralizing antibodies were detected. In swine immunized with pCEIS at the back of the ear, immune responses were achieved after the second administration. Swine showed a T-cell proliferative response with a stimulation index (SI) of up to 8.1 and a neutralizing antibody response that was able to protect suckling mice from 10(2) LD(50) (lethal dose 50) FMDV challenge. To compare the immunogenicity of the DNA-based vaccine candidate, versus the protein-based vaccine candidates, a second group of swine was immunized with the protein F1-scIgG, which was encoded by the plasmid pCEIS. Injection with F1-scIgG elicited a T-cell proliferative response of SI < 1.7 and a neutralizing antibody response that protected suckling mice from up to 10(5) LD(50) FMDV challenge. In the challenge test, three of three swine immunized with pCEIS were fully protected from FMDV challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H T Wong
- Department of Biology, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tirosh B, Fridkin M, Tzehoval E, Vadai E, Lemonnier FA, Eisenbach L. Antigenicity and immunogenicity of an intracellular delivery system of major histocompatibility complex class I epitopes that bypasses proteasome processing. J Immunother 2000; 23:622-30. [PMID: 11186150 DOI: 10.1097/00002371-200011000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of a cell-free synthetic vaccine to induce an effective cytotoxic T lymphocyte response is an important challenge in T-cell--mediated immunity. Because standard vaccinations with nominal epitopes were found to be only partially effective in vivo, the authors suggest an alternative strategy: the delivery of epitopes directly to the cell cytosol in a proteasome bypass mechanism of processing. Two model peptides, the presentation level on the cell surface of which can be directly assessed, were conjugated via a cross-linker to an internalization peptide derived from an antennapedia homeobox protein. The linker was designed to undergo spontaneous hydrolysis, after which the epitope is subsequently released. The conjugates were shown to enter RMA and P815 cells, where the epitopes were released mainly in cytosol and endogenously loaded on the major histocompatibility complex class I molecules to be presented on the cell surface. Concomitant inhibition of proteasome activity by MG132 significantly increased the presentation level of both model peptides, indicating proteasome-independent processing. This phenomenon was exploited to enhance the immunogenicity of the conjugates. Conjugates were emulsified with MG132 in incomplete Freund's adjuvant and injected into mouse footpads. Analysis of the draining lymph nodes indicated an increase in the percentage of both CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. In vitro cytolytic assays implied significant, albeit moderate, priming only when the proteasome inhibitor was administered with the conjugate. This approach may be useful for the development of efficient synthetic cell-free vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Tirosh
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Affiliation(s)
- J R Bennink
- Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892-0440, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
De Berardinis P, Sartorius R, Fanutti C, Perham RN, Del Pozzo G, Guardiola J. Phage display of peptide epitopes from HIV-1 elicits strong cytolytic responses. Nat Biotechnol 2000; 18:873-6. [PMID: 10932158 DOI: 10.1038/78490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Although much effort has been expended on evaluating recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides as immunogens, they have generally proved incapable of inducing an efficient cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) response. Filamentous bacteriophage fd can display multiple copies of foreign peptides in the N-terminal region of its major coat protein pVIII, 2,700 copies of which make up the virus capsid. Here we show that fd virions displaying peptide RT2 (ILKEPVHGV), corresponding to residues 309-317 of the reverse transcriptase (RTase) of HIV-1, are able to prime a CTL response specific for this HIV-1 epitope in human cell lines. Successful priming also requires a T-helper epitope, pep23 (KDSWTVNDIQKLVGK), corresponding to residues 249-263 of HIV-1 RTase. Supplying this by displaying it on either the same or a separate bacteriophage virion led to activation of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. Likewise, HLA-A2 transgenic mice immunized with bacteriophage virions displaying peptide RT2 were shown to mount an effective, specific anti-HIV-RT2 CTL response. This unexpected ability to elicit a designated cytolytic T-cell response, in addition to a B-cell response, has important implications for access to the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loading compartment and the development of recombinant vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P De Berardinis
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry Enzymology CNR, Naples, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Dadaglio G, Moukrim Z, Lo-Man R, Sheshko V, Sebo P, Leclerc C. Induction of a polarized Th1 response by insertion of multiple copies of a viral T-cell epitope into adenylate cyclase of Bordetella pertussis. Infect Immun 2000; 68:3867-72. [PMID: 10858196 PMCID: PMC101660 DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.7.3867-3872.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenylate cyclase (CyaA) of Bordetella pertussis delivers the N-terminal catalytic domain into the cytosol of a large number of eukaryotic cells, in particular, professional antigen-presenting cells. This allows the delivery of CD8(+) T-cell epitopes to the major histocompatibility complex class I presentation pathway. We have previously shown that immunization of mice with CyaA carrying a single CD8(+) T-cell epitope leads to antiviral protection as well as to protective and therapeutic antitumor immunity associated with the induction of specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses. Here, we evaluated the capacity of CyaA carrying one to four copies of the CD8(+) CD4(+) T-cell epitope from the nucleoprotein of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus to induce T-cell responses. Both CTL and Th1-like specific responses were detected in mice immunized with recombinant CyaA with or without adjuvant. Although the insertion of the larger peptides resulted in partial loss of the invasive capacity of recombinant CyaA, insertion of several copies of the same epitope led to a strong enhancement of Th1 responses and, to a lesser degree, CTL responses. These results underscore the potency of CyaA for vaccine design with a new impact on diseases in which the Th1 response has been described to have a beneficial effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Dadaglio
- Unité de Biologie des Régulations Immunitaires, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Manoutcharian K, Terrazas LI, Gevorkian G, Acero G, Petrossian P, Rodriguez M, Govezensky T. Phage-displayed T-cell epitope grafted into immunoglobulin heavy-chain complementarity-determining regions: an effective vaccine design tested in murine cysticercosis. Infect Immun 1999; 67:4764-70. [PMID: 10456929 PMCID: PMC96807 DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.9.4764-4770.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A new type of immunogenic molecule was engineered by replacing all three complementarity-determining-region (CDR) loops of the human immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy-chain variable (V(H)) domain with the Taenia crassiceps epitope PT1 (PPPVDYLYQT) and by displaying this construct on the surfaces of M13 bacteriophage. When BALB/c mice were immunized with such phage particles (PIgphage), a strong protection against challenge infection in very susceptible female hosts was obtained. When specifically stimulated, the in vivo-primed CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells isolated from mice immunized with PT1, both as a free peptide and as the PIgphage construct, proliferated in vitro, indicating efficient epitope presentation by both major histocompatibility complex class II and class I molecules in the specifically antigen-pulsed macrophages used as antigen-presenting cells. These data demonstrate the immunogenic potential of recombinant phage particles displaying CDR epitope-grafted Ig V(H) domains and establish an alternative approach to the design of an effective subunit vaccine for prevention of cysticercosis. The key advantage of this type of immunogen is that no adjuvant is required for its application. The proposed strategy for immunogen construction is potentially suitable for use in any host-pathogen interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Manoutcharian
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, AP 70228, Mexico D.F., C.P. 04510, Mexico.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Noakes KL, Teisserenc HT, Lord JM, Dunbar PR, Cerundolo V, Roberts LM. Exploiting retrograde transport of Shiga-like toxin 1 for the delivery of exogenous antigens into the MHC class I presentation pathway. FEBS Lett 1999; 453:95-9. [PMID: 10403383 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(99)00609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Shiga-like toxin 1 (SLT) from Escherichia coli O157:H7 enters mammalian cells by endocytosis from the cell surface to the endoplasmic reticulum before translocating into the cytosol. Here, SLT was engineered at its N- or C-terminus to carry a peptide derived from influenza virus Matrix protein for delivery to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. We show that SLT N-Ma was capable of sensitising cells for lysis by appropriate cytotoxic T-lymphocytes whilst no killing of SLT-resistant cells was observed. Our results demonstrate that peptide was liberated intracellularly and that retrograde transport of a disarmed cytotoxic protein can intersect the MHC class 1 presentation pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K L Noakes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang RF, Wang X, Atwood AC, Topalian SL, Rosenberg SA. Cloning genes encoding MHC class II-restricted antigens: mutated CDC27 as a tumor antigen. Science 1999; 284:1351-4. [PMID: 10334988 DOI: 10.1126/science.284.5418.1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to identify tumor-specific antigens recognized by CD4(+) T cells, an approach was developed that allows the screening of an invariant chain-complementary DNA fusion library in a genetically engineered cell line expressing the essential components of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II processing and presentation pathway. This led to the identification of a mutated form of human CDC27, which gave rise to an HLA-DR4-restricted melanoma antigen. A mutated form of triosephosphate isomerase, isolated by a biochemical method, was also identified as an HLA-DR1-restricted antigen. Thus, this approach may be generally applicable to the identification of antigens recognized by CD4(+) T cells, which could aid the development of strategies for the treatment of patients with cancer, autoimmune diseases, or infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R F Wang
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10/2B42, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang RF, Wang X, Rosenberg SA. Identification of a novel major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted tumor antigen resulting from a chromosomal rearrangement recognized by CD4(+) T cells. J Exp Med 1999; 189:1659-68. [PMID: 10330445 PMCID: PMC2193637 DOI: 10.1084/jem.189.10.1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/1999] [Revised: 03/10/1999] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4(+) T cells play an important role in antitumor immune responses and autoimmune and infectious diseases. Although many major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted tumor antigens have been identified in the last few years, little is known about MHC class II- restricted human tumor antigens recognized by CD4(+) T cells. Here, we describe the identification of a novel melanoma antigen recognized by an human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR1-restricted CD4(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL)1363 using a genetic cloning approach. DNA sequencing analysis indicated that this was a fusion gene generated by a low density lipid receptor (LDLR) gene in the 5' end fused to a GDP-L-fucose:beta-D-galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase (FUT) in an antisense orientation in the 3' end. The fusion gene encoded the first five ligand binding repeats of LDLR in the NH2 terminus followed by a new polypeptide translated in frame with LDLR from the FUT gene in an antisense direction. Southern blot analysis showed that chromosomal DNA rearrangements occurred in the 1363mel cell line. Northern blot analysis detected two fusion RNA transcripts present only in the autologous 1363mel, but not in other cell lines or normal tissues tested. Two minimal peptides were identified from the COOH terminus of the fusion protein. This represents the first demonstration that a fusion protein resulting from a chromosomal rearrangement in tumor cells serves as an immune target recognized by CD4(+) T cells.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Antigens, Neoplasm/chemistry
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Base Sequence
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19
- Cloning, Molecular
- Fucosyltransferases/genetics
- Fucosyltransferases/immunology
- HLA-DR1 Antigen/genetics
- HLA-DR1 Antigen/immunology
- Humans
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Melanoma/immunology
- Molecular Sequence Data
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R F Wang
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|