1
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Kemp JA, Keebaugh A, Edson JA, Chow D, Kleinman MT, Chew YC, McCracken AN, Edinger AL, Kwon YJ. Biocompatible Chemotherapy for Leukemia by Acid-Cleavable, PEGylated FTY720. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:673-684. [PMID: 31986014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the inability of cancerous cells to adapt to metabolic stress is a promising alternative to conventional cancer chemotherapy. FTY720 (Gilenya), an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, has recently been shown to inhibit cancer progression through the down-regulation of essential nutrient transport proteins, selectively starving cancer cells to death. However, the clinical use of FTY720 for cancer therapy is prohibited because of its capability of inducing immunosuppression (lymphopenia) and bradycardia when phosphorylated upon administration. A prodrug to specifically prevent phosphorylation during circulation, hence avoiding bradycardia and lymphopenia, was synthesized by capping its hydroxyl groups with polyethylene glycol (PEG) via an acid-cleavable ketal linkage. Improved aqueous solubility was also accomplished by PEGylation. The prodrug reduces to fully potent FTY720 upon cellular uptake and induces metabolic stress in cancer cells. Enhanced release of FTY720 at a mildly acidic endosomal pH and the ability to substantially down-regulate cell-surface nutrient transporter proteins in leukemia cells only by an acid-cleaved drug were confirmed. Importantly, the prodrug demonstrated nearly identical efficacy to FTY720 in an animal model of BCR-Abl-driven leukemia without inducing bradycardia or lymphopenia in vivo, highlighting its potential clinical value. The prodrug formulation of FTY720 demonstrates the utility of precisely engineering a drug to avoid undesirable effects by tackling specific molecular mechanisms as well as a financially favorable alternative to new drug development. A multitude of existing cancer therapeutics may be explored for prodrug formulation to avoid specific side effects and preserve or enhance therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yap Ching Chew
- Zymo Research Corporation, Irvine, California 92604, United States
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2
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Song K, Wang Z, Liu X, Zhang G, Wang X, Ouyang D, Guo M, Chen L. A novel dual sensitive polymer-gambogic acid conjugate: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:505701. [PMID: 31480032 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab40ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, bio-simulate drug delivery systems are highly considered for efficient targeting of tumors. Nevertheless, there are some potential problems such as intelligent release efficiency, subsequently, influence cell toxicity and blood circulation stability. A novel type of stimuli-responsive nanoparticle was developed in accordance with the specific tumor microenvironment to deliver gambogic acid (GA). Herein, we successfully connected GA with mPEG via two different sensitive linkages, valine-citrulline (VC) and cystamine. The structure was characterized by ESI-MS, 1H NMR, FT-IR or MALDI-TOF-MS. The mPEG-VC-SS-GA-NPs (PVSG-NPs) were rapidly prepared. The properties of nanoparticles, including solubility, particle size, morphology, and sensitive drug release performance, were investigated. Compared to single sensitive conjugate (mPEG-SS-GA-NPs, PSG-NPs), PVSG-NPs demonstrated greater solubility and higher sensitive release profile. Cytotoxicity test indicated that PVSG-NPs had apparent cytotoxicity on HepG2 cells and reduced cytotoxicity on normal cells. Additionally, PVSG-NPs mainly kill HepG2 cells by inducing early and late apoptosis and restraining the G0/G1 phase proliferation. Albumin adsorption test revealed that the PVSG-NPs had little albumin combination, consequently, enhancing their circulation constancy. In summary, our findings suggested the novel PVSG-NPs capable of being used for tumor targeting and further practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, People's Republic of China
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3
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Delahousse J, Skarbek C, Paci A. Prodrugs as drug delivery system in oncology. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 84:937-958. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03906-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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4
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Zhang H, Sun Z, Wang K, Li N, Chen H, Tan X, Li L, He Z, Sun J. Multifunctional Tumor-Targeting Cathepsin B-Sensitive Gemcitabine Prodrug Covalently Targets Albumin in Situ and Improves Cancer Therapy. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:1852-1858. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huicong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 59 Mailbox, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Zhisu Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 59 Mailbox, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Kuanglei Wang
- Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529020, P. R. China
- International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, Guangdong 529080, P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- Clinical Pharmacy, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- Center for Drug Evaluation, China Food and Drug Administration, Beijing 100022, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Lingxiao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, U.K
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110013, P. R. China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 59 Mailbox, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 59 Mailbox, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P. R. China
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5
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Lucke M, Mottas I, Herbst T, Hotz C, Römer L, Schierling M, Herold HM, Slotta U, Spinetti T, Scheibel T, Winter G, Bourquin C, Engert J. Engineered hybrid spider silk particles as delivery system for peptide vaccines. Biomaterials 2018; 172:105-115. [PMID: 29723755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The generation of strong T-cell immunity is one of the main challenges for the development of successful vaccines against cancer and major infectious diseases. Here we have engineered spider silk particles as delivery system for a peptide-based vaccination that leads to effective priming of cytotoxic T-cells. The recombinant spider silk protein eADF4(C16) was fused to the antigenic peptide from ovalbumin, either without linker or with a cathepsin cleavable peptide linker. Particles prepared from the hybrid proteins were taken up by dendritic cells, which are essential for T-cell priming, and successfully activated cytotoxic T-cells, without signs of immunotoxicity or unspecific immunostimulatory activity. Upon subcutaneous injection in mice, the particles were taken up by dendritic cells and accumulated in the lymph nodes, where immune responses are generated. Particles from hybrid proteins containing a cathepsin-cleavable linker induced a strong antigen-specific proliferation of cytotoxic T-cells in vivo, even in the absence of a vaccine adjuvant. We thus demonstrate the efficacy of a new vaccine strategy using a protein-based all-in-one vaccination system, where spider silk particles serve as carriers with an incorporated peptide antigen. Our study further suggests that engineered spider silk-based vaccines are extremely stable, easy to manufacture, and readily customizable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Lucke
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377 Munich, Germany; Coriolis Pharma, Fraunhoferstrasse 18B, 82152 Planegg/Martinsried, Germany
| | - Inès Mottas
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Chemin Du Musée 5, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Ecole de Pharmacie Genève-Lausanne, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Ecolede Pharmacie Genève-Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tina Herbst
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Chemin Du Musée 5, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christian Hotz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Chemin Du Musée 5, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lin Römer
- AMSilk GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Planegg/Martinsried, Germany
| | - Martina Schierling
- University of Bayreuth, Faculty of Engineering Science, Chair for Biomaterials, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Heike M Herold
- University of Bayreuth, Faculty of Engineering Science, Chair for Biomaterials, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Ute Slotta
- AMSilk GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19, 82152 Planegg/Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thibaud Spinetti
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Chemin Du Musée 5, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Scheibel
- University of Bayreuth, Faculty of Engineering Science, Chair for Biomaterials, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Gerhard Winter
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Carole Bourquin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Chemin Du Musée 5, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Ecole de Pharmacie Genève-Lausanne, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland; Ecolede Pharmacie Genève-Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Julia Engert
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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6
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Kim AY, Ha JH, Park SN. Selective Release System for Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Activities Using H 2O 2-Responsive Therapeutic Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:3197-3206. [PMID: 28806055 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We developed nanoparticles that were degraded by H2O2, a reactive oxygen species (ROS), to study a drug delivery system that targets damaged skin cells with oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, tyrosol-incorporated copolyoxalate (TPOX) was synthesized by using 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenol (tyrosol), and oxalyl chloride (Mw ∼ 8835 Da). In vitro drug release behavior was assessed by loading nile red, a lipophilic fluorescent material such as quercetin, into the TPOX nanoparticles. The results indicated that the release of TPOX nanopaticles depended on the H2O2 concentration, but was pH-independent. We confirmed that TPOX nanoparticles under oxidative conditions in oxidative- or inflammatory-damaged cells selectively released entrapped nile red through the degradation by H2O2 for contributing to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. For application, we prepared and evaluated the cytoprotective effect of quercetin-loaded TPOX (QTPOX) nanoparticles against oxidative and inflammatory stress. They showed a strong cytoprotective effect against H2O2-induced cell damage in HaCaT and RAW 264.7 cells. Also, QTPOX nanoparticles inhibited the main factors of LPS-induced inflammation, including iNOS, COX-2, IL-1, TNF-α, and NO production. These results suggest that QTPOX as H2O2-responsive therapeutic nanoparticles is highly potent and versatile as drug delivery system through selective and intensive drug release mechanism for the treatment of abnormal and inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Kim
- Cosmetic R&D Center, Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic Industry Coupled Collaboration Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology , 232 Gongneungro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji H Ha
- Cosmetic R&D Center, Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic Industry Coupled Collaboration Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology , 232 Gongneungro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo N Park
- Cosmetic R&D Center, Department of Fine Chemistry, Cosmetic Industry Coupled Collaboration Center, Seoul National University of Science and Technology , 232 Gongneungro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
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7
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Sutthasupa S, Sanda F. Synthesis of diblock copolymers of indomethacin/aspartic acid conjugated norbornenes and characterization of their self-assembled nanostructures as drug carriers. Eur Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Zagorodko O, Arroyo-Crespo JJ, Nebot VJ, Vicent MJ. Polypeptide-Based Conjugates as Therapeutics: Opportunities and Challenges. Macromol Biosci 2016; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Zagorodko
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - Juan José Arroyo-Crespo
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - Vicent J. Nebot
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia 46012 Spain
- Polypeptide Therapeutic Solutions SL; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia 46012 Spain
| | - María J. Vicent
- Polymer Therapeutics Laboratory; Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe; Valencia 46012 Spain
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9
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de Winne K, Roseeuw E, Pagnaer J, Schacht E. Succinoylated Poly[N-(2- Hydroxyethyl)-L-Glutamine] Derivatives for Drug Delivery. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911504048327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of succinoylated poly[N-(2-)- L-glutamine] (PHEG) derivatives was synthesized by reacting PHEG with succinic anhydride in the presence of N,N-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst. The size of the derivatives were measured by dynamic light scattering in buffers (pH 5.5 and 7.4, respectively) the lysosomal and physiological pH. The degradability of the succinoylated polymers toward cathepsin B was followed by gel permeation chromatography. It was demonstrated that an increase of modification results in decreased biodegradability. Conjugation of mitomycin C (MMC) with a succinoylated PHEG derivative through a collagenase-sensitive Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro- Leu spacer resulted in a water-soluble MMC conjugate. This conjugate was shown to be hydrolytically stable in buffers of lysosomal and physiological pH and able to release MMC in the presence of the bacterial collagenase clostridium histolyticum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Pagnaer
- Polymer Materials Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Etienne Schacht
- Polymer Materials Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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10
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Ulbrich K, Holá K, Šubr V, Bakandritsos A, Tuček J, Zbořil R. Targeted Drug Delivery with Polymers and Magnetic Nanoparticles: Covalent and Noncovalent Approaches, Release Control, and Clinical Studies. Chem Rev 2016; 116:5338-431. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1120] [Impact Index Per Article: 140.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Ulbrich
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Holá
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Šubr
- Institute
of Macromolecular Chemistry, The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Heyrovsky Square 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tuček
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical
Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17 Listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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11
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Ballard N, Bon SAF. Dynamic uptake and release from poly(methacryloyl hydrazide) microgel particles through reversible hydrazide-aldehyde chemistry. Polym Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4py00726c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The uptake and release time-profiles of aldehydes from aqueous formulations can be fine tuned using hydrazide functional microgels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Ballard
- POLYMAT and Grupo de Ingeniería Química
- Dpto. de Química Aplicada
- University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU
- Donostia/San Sebastían, Spain
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12
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Cho JK, Chun C, Kuh HJ, Song SC. Injectable poly(organophosphazene)–camptothecin conjugate hydrogels: Synthesis, characterization, and antitumor activities. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 81:582-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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13
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Agarwal HK, Chhikara BS, Quiterio M, Doncel GF, Parang K. Synthesis and anti-HIV activities of glutamate and peptide conjugates of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. J Med Chem 2012; 55:2672-87. [PMID: 22352809 DOI: 10.1021/jm201551m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mono-, di-, and trinucleoside conjugates of glutamate or peptide scaffolds containing nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were synthesized. Among dinucleoside glutamate ester derivatives, N-myristoylated derivatives showed significantly higher anti-HIV activity than the corresponding N-acetylated conjugates against cell-free virus. Myristoyl-Glu(3TC)-FLT (46, EC(50) = 0.3-0.6 μM) and myristoyl-Glu(FTC)-FLT (47, EC(50) = 0.1-0.4 μM) derivatives were the most active glutamate-dinucleoside conjugates. A trinucleoside glutamate derivative containing AZT, FLT, and 3TC (34, EC(50) = 0.9-1.4 μM) exhibited higher anti-HIV activity than AZT and 3TC against cell-free virus. Compound 34 also exhibited higher anti-HIV activity against multidrug (IC(50) = 5.9 nM) and NNRTI (IC(50) = 12.9 nM) resistant viruses than parent nucleosides. The physical mixture containing FLT-succinate, AZT, 3TC, and glutamic acid exhibited 115-fold less activity against cell associated virus (EC(50) = 91.9 μM) when compared to 34 (EC(50) = 0.8 μM). Other conjugates showed less or comparable potency to that of the corresponding physical mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh K Agarwal
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 41 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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14
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Kang EY, Yeon B, Moon HJ, Jeong B. PEG-l-PAF and PEG-d-PAF: Comparative Study on Thermogellation and Biodegradation. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma202809c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Kang
- Department of Bioinspired Science
(WCU), Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu,
Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - Bora Yeon
- Department of Bioinspired Science
(WCU), Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu,
Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Moon
- Department of Bioinspired Science
(WCU), Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu,
Seoul, 120-750, Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Bioinspired Science
(WCU), Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52, Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu,
Seoul, 120-750, Korea
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15
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Moon HJ, Ko DY, Park MH, Joo MK, Jeong B. Temperature-responsive compounds as in situ gelling biomedical materials. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:4860-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35078e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Wu C, Xie J, Branford-White C, Quan J, Zhu L. In vitro controlled release of polymeric drug-saccharide conjugates with ketoprofen, ibuprofen, and naproxen pendants. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Bildstein L, Dubernet C, Couvreur P. Prodrug-based intracellular delivery of anticancer agents. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:3-23. [PMID: 21237228 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous anticancer agents based on a prodrug approach. However, no attempt has been made to review the ample available literature with a specific focus on the altered cell uptake pathways enabled by the conjugation and on the intracellular drug-release mechanisms. This article focuses on the cellular interactions of a broad selection of parenterally administered anticancer prodrugs based on synthetic polymers, proteins or lipids. The report also aims to highlight the prodrug design issues, which are key points to obtain an efficient intracellular drug delivery. The chemical basis of these molecular concepts is put into perspective with the uptake and intracellular activation mechanisms, the in vitro and in vivo proofs of concepts and the clinical results. Several active targeting strategies and stimuli-responsive architectures are discussed throughout the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bildstein
- UMR CNRS 8612, IFR 141-ITFM, Faculté de Pharmacie, University Paris-Sud, Châtenay-Malabry 92296, France
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18
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Neeraj A, Chandrasekar MJN, Sara UVS, Rohini A. Poly(HEMA-Zidovudine) conjugate: a macromolecular pro-drug for improvement in the biopharmaceutical properties of the drug. Drug Deliv 2010; 18:272-80. [PMID: 21110710 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2010.536272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A macromolecular pro-drug of a known anti-viral agent Zidovudine (AZT) was synthesized and evaluated as a sustained drug delivery system. The pro-drug was synthesized by coupling the drug to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) through a succinic spacer to get a monomeric drug conjugate which was polymerized to obtain the polymeric pro-drug. The pro-drug was subjected for in-vitro drug release study in buffers of pH 1.2 and 7.4. The hydrolytic stability of the pro-drug to pepsin was assessed in simulated gastric fluid (SGF, pH 1.2) and to α-chymotrypsin in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF, pH 7.4). The results showed that the drug release from the polymeric backbone takes place in a sustained manner over a period of 24 h, and the amount of drug released was comparatively higher at pH 7.4. Plasmatic hydrolysis studies of succinylzidovudine showed nearly complete release of AZT. At all pH conditions in the presence and absence of α-chymotrypsin, AZT was released preferentially in comparison with the succinyl derivative. The in-vivo release studies in rabbits after oral administration of AZT conjugate demonstrated a sustained release of parent drug over a period of 24 h. The pro-drug provided a significant increase in the area under the plasma concentration time curve as compared to free drug and extended the plasma half-life from 1.06 h to 8.08 h. This study suggested that, after oral administration, the drug-polymer conjugate can release AZT for prolonged periods, thus improving the pharmacokinetics of AZT and decreasing the fluctuation in plasma drug levels that can lead to toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agrawal Neeraj
- Pacific College of Pharmacy (Pacific University), Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
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19
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Jun YJ, Park MK, Jadhav VB, Song JH, Chae SW, Lee HJ, Park KS, Jeong B, Choy JH, Sohn YS. Tripodal amphiphiles tunable for self-assembly to polymersomes. J Control Release 2010; 142:132-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Revised: 09/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Yousefi G, Foroutan SM, Zarghi A, Shafaati A. Synthesis and Characterization of Methotrexate Polyethylene Glycol Esters as a Drug Delivery System. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:147-53. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamhossein Yousefi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Seyed Mohsen Foroutan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Afshin Zarghi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Alireza Shafaati
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
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21
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Zhao YJ, Wei W, Su ZG, Ma GH. Poly (ethylene glycol) prodrug for anthracyclines via N-Mannich base linker: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Int J Pharm 2009; 379:90-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Revised: 05/31/2009] [Accepted: 06/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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22
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Lavignac N, Nicholls JL, Ferruti P, Duncan R. Poly(amidoamine) conjugates containing doxorubicin bound via an acid-sensitive linker. Macromol Biosci 2009; 9:480-7. [PMID: 19016501 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200800163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Poly(amidoamine)s with amino pendant groups were prepared by hydrogen-transfer polyaddition of primary and secondary amines to bis-acrylamines. Dansyl cadaverine (DC) doxorubicin (Dox) were bound to the polymers via a cis-aconityl spacer to give conjugates containing 3 microg of DC per mg of polymer and 28 to 35 microg of Dox per mg of polymer. Release of DC and Dox at physiological and acidic pH varied from 0 to 35% over 48 h and was pH dependent. Although the ISA1Dox conjugate (IC(50) = 6 microg Dox x mL(-1)) presented similar toxicity as the parent polymer without Dox, ISA23Dox showed increased toxicity (IC(50) = 10 microg Dox x mL(-1)). These results suggest that ISA23Dox is able to release biologically active Dox in vitro and that this conjugate might be suitable for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Lavignac
- Centre for Polymer Therapeutics, Welsh School of Pharmacy, Redwood Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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23
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Jeong Y, Joo MK, Bahk KH, Choi YY, Kim HT, Kim WK, Jeong Lee H, Sohn YS, Jeong B. Enzymatically degradable temperature-sensitive polypeptide as a new in-situ gelling biomaterial. J Control Release 2009; 137:25-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2008] [Revised: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Lu D, Wen X, Liang J, Gu Z, Zhang X, Fan Y. A pH-sensitive nano drug delivery system derived from pullulan/doxorubicin conjugate. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009; 89:177-83. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Mustapa MFM, Grosse SM, Kudsiova L, Elbs M, Raiber EA, Wong JB, Brain APR, Armer HEJ, Warley A, Keppler M, Ng T, Lawrence MJ, Hart SL, Hailes HC, Tabor AB. Stabilized Integrin-Targeting Ternary LPD (Lipopolyplex) Vectors for Gene Delivery Designed To Disassemble Within the Target Cell. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:518-32. [DOI: 10.1021/bc800450r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Firouz Mohd Mustapa
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Stephanie M. Grosse
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Laila Kudsiova
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Martin Elbs
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Eun-Ang Raiber
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - John B. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Anthony P. R. Brain
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Hannah E. J. Armer
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Alice Warley
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Melanie Keppler
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Tony Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - M. Jayne Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Stephen L. Hart
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Helen C. Hailes
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
| | - Alethea B. Tabor
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, Christopher Ingold Laboratories, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Pharmaceutical Science Research Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, Centre for Ultrastructure Imaging, King’s College London, New Hunt’s House,
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Jun YJ, Min JH, Ji DE, Yoo JH, Kim JH, Lee HJ, Jeong B, Sohn YS. A micellar prodrug of paclitaxel conjugated to cyclotriphosphazene. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:6410-3. [PMID: 18990574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Revised: 10/15/2008] [Accepted: 10/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel water soluble and biodegradable cyclotriphosphazene-paclitaxel conjugate was prepared by reacting 2'-succinyl paclitaxel with cyclotriphosphazenes bearing equimolar glycyl-L-lysine and methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) as side groups. The macromolecular conjugate was found to self-assemble in aqueous solution to form stable micelles with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 24.7 nm and a low critical micelle concentration of 10 mg/L. The present conjugate exhibited lower than free paclitaxel but reasonably high in vitro cytotoxicity against selected human tumor cells due to their hydrolytic degradation in PBS solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Joo Jun
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
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27
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Oh HJ, Joo MK, Sohn YS, Jeong B. Secondary Structure Effect of Polypeptide on Reverse Thermal Gelation and Degradation of l/dl-Poly(alanine)–Poloxamer–l/dl-Poly(alanine) Copolymers. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma8014504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Nano Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Ku, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Min Kyung Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Nano Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Ku, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Youn Soo Sohn
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Nano Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Ku, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Byeongmoon Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Nano Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Ku, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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28
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Gac-Breton S, Coudane J, Boustta M, Vert M. Norfloxacin-Poly(l-Lysine Citramide Imide) Conjugates and Structure-dependence of the Drug Release. J Drug Target 2008; 12:297-307. [PMID: 15512781 DOI: 10.1080/10611860410001724477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Norfloxacin (Nflx), an antibiotic which is active against some intracellular bacteria, was coupled to a polymeric carrier, namely poly(L-lysine citramide) via a lysine or an ethylcarbamate spacer to obtain a macromolecular prodrug. The carrier, which derived from the two metabolites citric acid and L-lysine, is known to be biocompatible and slowly degradable under slight acidic conditions. Conjugates were characterised by UV, 1H and 13C NMR and SEC. The presence of Norfloxacin and the lysine type spacer caused chain aggregation, due to a probable physical cure. The release of Norfloxacin from these prodrugs and from a prodrug where Norfloxacin is bound to the carrier backbone without spacer arm was investigated comparatively in vitro. Conjugation via a carbamate-type linkage appeared as a method to achieve the release of Norfloxacin from a PLCA-type conjugate at neutral.
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29
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Kok RJ, Grijpstra F, Nederhoed KH, Moolenaar F, Zeeuw DD, Meijer DKF. Renal Drug Delivery With Low-Molecular-Weight Proteins: The Effect of Charge Modifications on the Body Distribution of Drug-Lysozyme Conjugates. Drug Deliv 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/107175499267093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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30
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31
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Penugonda S, Kumar A, Agarwal HK, Parang K, Mehvar R. Synthesis and in vitro characterization of novel dextran-methylprednisolone conjugates with peptide linkers: effects of linker length on hydrolytic and enzymatic release of methylprednisolone and its peptidyl intermediates. J Pharm Sci 2008; 97:2649-64. [PMID: 17853426 PMCID: PMC2435384 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To control the rate of release of methylprednisolone (MP) in lysosomes, new dextran-MP conjugates with peptide linkers were synthesized and characterized. Methylprednisolone succinate (MPS) was attached to dextran 25 kDa using linkers with 1-5 Gly residues. The release characteristics of the conjugates in pH 4.0 and 7.4 buffers, blood, liver lysosomes, and various lysosomal proteinases were determined using a size-exclusion and/or a newly developed reversed-phase HPLC method capable of simultaneous quantitation of MP, MPS, and all five possible MPS-peptidyl intermediates. We synthesized conjugates with >or=90% purity and 6.9-9.5% (w/w) degree of MP substitution. The conjugates were stable at pH 4.0, but released MP and intact MPS-peptidyl intermediates in the pH 7.4 buffer and rat blood, with faster degradation rates for longer linkers. Rat lysosomal fractions degraded the conjugates to MP and all the possible intermediates also at a rate directly proportional to the length of the peptide. Whereas the degradation of the conjugates by cysteine peptidases (papain or cathepsin B) was relatively substantial, no degradation was observed in the presence of aspartic (cathepsin D) or serine (trypsin) proteinases, which do not cleave peptide bonds with Gly. These newly developed dextran conjugates of MP show promise for controlled delivery of MP in lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Penugonda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
| | - Hitesh K. Agarwal
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island
| | - Reza Mehvar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas
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32
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Synthesis and cytotoxic properties of new fluorodeoxyglucose-coupled chlorambucil derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:5004-20. [PMID: 18424156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2007] [Revised: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Frequently used in the treatment of malignant cells, alkylating agents, like most anticancer substances, produce adverse side effects caused by the toxicity of the agents toward normal tissues and lose efficiency through poor distribution to target sites. Our approach to developing more selective drugs with low systemic toxicity is based on the premise that the body distribution and cell uptake of a drug can be altered by attaching a neoplastic cell-specific uptake enhancer, such as 2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG), the radiotracer most frequently used in PET for tumor imaging. Two properties of deoxyglucose, namely preferential accumulation in neoplastic cells and inhibition of glycolysis, underpin this targeting approach. Here, we report the synthesis of 19 new chlorambucil glycoconjugates in which the alkylating drug is attached to the C-1 position of FDG, directly or via different linkages. This set of compounds was evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against different human normal and tumor cell lines. There was a significant improvement in the in vitro cytotoxicity of peracetylated glucoconjugates compared with the free substance. Four compounds were finally selected for further in vivo studies owing to their lack of oxidative stress-inducing properties.
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33
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Li X, Wu Q, Zhang F, Lin XF. Chemoenzymatic synthesis, characterization, and controlled release of functional polymeric prodrugs with acyclovir as pendant. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Hagens WI, Beljaars L, Mann D, Wright MC, Julien B, Lotersztajn S, Reker-Smit C, Poelstra K. Cellular Targeting of the Apoptosis-Inducing Compound Gliotoxin to Fibrotic Rat Livers. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 324:902-10. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.132290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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35
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Monahan SD, Subbotin VM, Budker VG, Slattum PM, Neal ZC, Herweijer H, Wolff JA. Rapidly Reversible Hydrophobization: An Approach to High First-Pass Drug Extraction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 14:1065-77. [PMID: 17884638 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 08/06/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated a rapidly reversible hydrophobization of therapeutic agents for improving first-pass uptake in locoregional drug therapy. This approach involves the attachment of a hydrophobic moiety to the drug by highly labile chemical linkages that rapidly hydrolyze upon injection. Hydrophobization drastically enhances cell-membrane association of the prodrug and, consequently, drug uptake, while the rapid lability protects nontargeted tissues from exposure to the highly active agent. Using the membrane-impermeable DNA intercalator propidium iodide, and melphalan, we report results from in vitro cellular internalization and toxicity studies. Additionally, we report in vivo results after a single liver arterial bolus injection, demonstrating both tumor targeting and increased survival in a mouse tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Monahan
- Mirus Bio Corporation, 505 South Rosa Road, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
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36
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Giacomelli C, Schmidt V, Borsali R. Nanocontainers Formed by Self-Assembly of Poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)−Drug Conjugates. Macromolecules 2007. [DOI: 10.1021/ma062562u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Giacomelli
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux 1, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Vanessa Schmidt
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux 1, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Redouane Borsali
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), ENSCPB, Université Bordeaux 1, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, France
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37
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Bettio F, Canevari M, Marzano C, Bordin F, Guiotto A, Greco F, Duncan R, Veronese FM. Synthesis and biological in vitro evaluation of novel PEG-psoralen conjugates. Biomacromolecules 2007; 7:3534-41. [PMID: 17154485 DOI: 10.1021/bm060760n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Psoralens are well-known photosensitizers, and 8-methoxypsoralen and 4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen are widely used in photomedicine as "psoralens plus UVA therapy" (PUVA), in photopheresis, and in sterilization of blood preparations. In an attempt to improve the therapeutic efficiency of PUVA therapy and photopheresis, four poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-psoralen conjugates were synthesized to promote tumor targeting by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Peptide linkers were used to exploit specific enzymatic cleavage by lysosomal proteases. A new psoralen, 4-hydroxymethyl-4',8-dimethylpsoralen (6), suitable for polymer conjugation was synthesized. The hydroxy group allowed exploring different strategies for PEG conjugation, and linkages with different stability such ester or urethanes were obtained. PEG (5 kDa) was covalently conjugated to the new psoralen derivative using four different linkages, namely, (i) direct ester bond (7), (ii) ester linkage with a peptide spacer (8), (iii) a carbamic linker (9), and (iv) a carbamic linker with a peptide spacer (12). The stability of these new conjugates was assessed at different pHs, in plasma and following incubation with cathepsin B. Conjugates 7 and 8 were rapidly hydrolyzed in plasma, while 9 was stable in buffer and in the presence of cathepsin B. As expected, only the conjugates containing the peptide linker released the drug in presence of cathepsin B. In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic activity in the presence and absence of light was carried out in two cell lines (MCF-7 and A375 cells). Conjugates 7 and 8 displayed a similar activity to the free drug (probably due to the low stability of the ester linkage). Interestingly, the conjugates containing the carbamate linkage (9 and 12) were completely inactive in the dark (IC50 > 100 microM in both cell lines). However, antiproliferative activity become apparent after UV irradiation. Conjugate 12 appears to be the most promising for future in vivo evaluation, since it was relatively stable in plasma, which should allow tumor targeting and drug release to occur by cathepsin B-mediated hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bettio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Francesco Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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38
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Novel designed polymer–acyclovir conjugates with linker-controlled drug release and hepatoma cell targeting. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Shiose Y, Ochi Y, Kuga H, Yamashita F, Hashida M. Relationship between Drug Release of DE-310, Macromolecular Prodrug of DX-8951f, and Cathepsins Activity in Several Tumors. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30:2365-70. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.30.2365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Shiose
- Biological Research Laboratories IV, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Kasai R&D Center
| | - Yusuke Ochi
- R&D Planning Department, Planning Group, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd
| | - Hiroshi Kuga
- Development Research Department, Daiichi Sankyo Inc
| | - Fumiyoshi Yamashita
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Mitsuru Hashida
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
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41
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Gonzalo T, Talman EG, van de Ven A, Temming K, Greupink R, Beljaars L, Reker-Smit C, Meijer DKF, Molema G, Poelstra K, Kok RJ. Selective targeting of pentoxifylline to hepatic stellate cells using a novel platinum-based linker technology. J Control Release 2006; 111:193-203. [PMID: 16466667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2005] [Revised: 11/29/2005] [Accepted: 12/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Targeting of antifibrotic drugs to hepatic stellate cells (HSC) is a promising strategy to block fibrotic processes leading to liver cirrhosis. For this purpose, we utilized the neo-glycoprotein mannose-6-phosphate-albumin (M6PHSA) that accumulates efficiently in HSC during liver fibrosis. Pentoxifylline (PTX), an antifibrotic compound that inhibits HSC proliferation and activation in vitro, was conjugated to M6PHSA. We employed a new type of platinum-based linker, which conjugates PTX via coordination chemistry rather than via covalent linkage. When incubated in plasma or in the presence of thiol compounds, free PTX was released from PTX-M6PHSA at a sustained slow rate. PTX-M6PHSA displayed pharmacological activity in cultured HSC as evidenced by changes in cell morphology and reduction of collagen I production. PTX-M6PHSA and platinum coupled PTX did not induce platinum-related toxicity (Alamar Blue viability assay) or apoptosis (caspase activation and TUNEL staining). In vivo distribution studies in fibrotic rats demonstrated specific accumulation of the conjugate in nonparenchymal cells in the fibrotic liver. In conclusion, we have developed PTX-M6PHSA employing a novel type of platinum linker, which allows sustained delivery of the drug to HSC in the fibrotic liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gonzalo
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Delivery, Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
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42
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Abstract
Polymers occupy a major portion of materials used for controlled release formulations and drug-targeting systems because this class of materials presents seemingly endless diversity in topology and chemistry. This is a crucial advantage over other classes of materials to meet the ever-increasing requirements of new designs of drug delivery formulations. The polymer architecture (topology) describes the shape of a single polymer molecule. Every natural, seminatural, and synthetic polymer falls into one of categorized architectures: linear, graft, branched, cross-linked, block, star-shaped, and dendron/dendrimer topology. Although this topic spans a truly broad area in polymer science, this review introduces polymer architectures along with brief synthetic approaches for pharmaceutical scientists who are not familiar with polymer science, summarizes the characteristic properties of each architecture useful for drug delivery applications, and covers recent advances in drug delivery relevant to polymer architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yan Qiu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, 421 Wakara Way, Suite 315, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA
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43
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Kim JK, Toti US, Song R, Sohn YS. A macromolecular prodrug of doxorubicin conjugated to a biodegradable cyclotriphosphazene bearing a tetrapeptide. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:3576-9. [PMID: 15982876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2005] [Revised: 05/12/2005] [Accepted: 05/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A new biodegradable water-soluble phosphazene trimer-doxorubicin conjugate was synthesized, in which equimolar hydrophilic methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) with a molecular weight of 350 (MPEG350) and a tumor-specific tetrapeptide (Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly) were grafted to cyclotriphosphazene. The present conjugate exhibited cytotoxicity lower than that of free doxorubicin (IC50=0.10 microM) but a reasonably higher in vitro cytotoxicity (IC50=1.1 microM) against the leukemia L1210 cell line probably due to its enzymatically controlled release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
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44
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Abstract
Polymeric prodrugs have evolved into a very useful class of drug delivery agents. Numerous polymeric prodrugs have been prepared for applications ranging from passive drug targeting to controlled release. The mechanistic aspects of the release processes, however, have not been clearly delineated. This review highlights the salient features of the chemical reactions that are responsible for drug release from these systems. The mechanisms of release from polymeric prodrugs employing various chemical linkages, esters, carbonates, carbamates, C=N linkage and amides, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Joseph M D'Souza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Ave., Lawrence 66047, USA.
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45
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De Winne K, Seymour LW, Schacht EH. Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of macromolecular antitumour derivatives based on phenylenediamine mustard. Eur J Pharm Sci 2005; 24:159-68. [PMID: 15661487 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2004.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2004] [Revised: 09/03/2004] [Accepted: 09/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Poly-[N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-L-glutamine] (PHEG) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted PHEG conjugates of N,N-di(2-chloroethyl)-4-phenylenediamine mustard (PDM) were synthetised. A collagenase-sensitive oligopeptide spacer was selected to link the cytotoxic agent PDM onto the polymeric carrier. First, the oligopeptide-drug conjugate, L-pro-L-leu-gly-L-pro-gly-PDM, was prepared. In a second step, the low molecular weight PDM derivative and PEG-NH(2) were coupled to a N,N-disuccinimidylcarbonate activated PHEG. Dynamic laser light scattering measurements indicated the formation of aggregates. The presence of human serum albumin had no significant effect on the diameter of the conjugates. The hydrolytic stability of the conjugates was investigated in buffer solutions. The conjugates showed an improved stability compared to the parent nitrogen mustard. The enzymatic degradation studies of the polymeric conjugates were performed in the presence of collagenase type IV (Clostridiopeptidase A; EC 3.4.24.3), cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1), cathepsin D (EC 3.4.23.5) and tritosomes. Only the bacterial collagenase type IV was able to cleave the spacer releasing free PDM and its peptidyl derivative, gly-L-pro-gly-PDM. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the conjugates was evaluated against HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells and MDA adenocarcinoma cells. All conjugates showed low toxicity towards these cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katleen De Winne
- Polymer Materials Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4-bis, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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46
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Ochi Y, Shiose Y, Kuga H, Kumazawa E. A possible mechanism for the long-lasting antitumor effect of the macromolecular conjugate DE-310: mediation by cellular uptake and drug release of its active camptothecin analog DX-8951. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2004; 55:323-332. [PMID: 15517271 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-004-0911-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2004] [Accepted: 08/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
DE-310, a new macromolecular prodrug, was designed to enhance the pharmacological profiles of a novel camptothecin analog (DX-8951f), and a single treatment with DE-310 exhibits a similar or greater therapeutic effect than do optimally scheduled multiple administrations of DX-8951f in several types of tumors. In this study, the drug-release mechanism by which DE-310 excites antitumor activity was investigated in Meth A cells, a malignant ascites model of murine fibrosarcoma. A single i.v. injection of DE-310 at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) prolonged survival of Meth A-bearing mice by 300%. DX-8951 and glycyl-8951 (G-DX-8951), enzymatic cleavage products of DE-310, were detected in serum and ascites fluid, and also in the culture medium of Meth A ascites cells incubated in vitro with DE-310. The total amounts of DX-8951, G-DX-8951, and conjugated DX-8951 in Meth A tumor cells were three times higher than that in macrophages. Furthermore, DX-8951-related fluorescence was observed in Meth A ascites cells obtained from Meth A-bearing mice that had received DE-310 or CM-Dex-PA-DX-8951 that does not release free DX-8951. DX-8951-related fluorescence was also observed at the site of lysosomes in cells incubated in vitro with DE-310 at 37 degrees C, but not in those incubated at 4 degrees C. Drugs were released from DE-310 by cysteine proteinase prepared from Meth A tumor tissue. These results suggest that the mechanism by which DX-8951 is released from DE-310 in vivo is involved in the process of uptake of DE-310 into tumor or macrophages, digestion by intracellular lysosomal cysteine proteinase, and subsequent secretion of the drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Ochi
- New Product Research Laboratories III, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo R&D Center, 16-13, Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, 134-8630, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Shiose
- New Product Research Laboratories III, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo R&D Center, 16-13, Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, 134-8630, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuga
- New Product Research Laboratories III, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo R&D Center, 16-13, Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, 134-8630, Japan
| | - Eiji Kumazawa
- New Product Research Laboratories III, Daiichi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokyo R&D Center, 16-13, Kita-Kasai 1-Chome, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo, 134-8630, Japan
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47
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Guiotto A, Canevari M, Pozzobon M, Moro S, Orsolini P, Veronese FM. Anchimeric assistance effect on regioselective hydrolysis of branched PEGs: a mechanistic investigation. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:5031-7. [PMID: 15351387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2004] [Accepted: 07/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Branched poly(ethylene glycols) (PEG2) are nowadays widely used for protein and peptides bioconjugation, for their favourable properties (such as the ability to protect the protein surface in an 'umbrella like' fashion). The discovery that mPEG(2)-LysMetbeta AlaOEt lost one mPEG chain during standard base-catalysed ester hydrolysis conditions prompted us to investigate the hydrolytic stability of such systems and the mechanism involved in the PEG chain loss. A series of branched PEGs, substituted with different aminoacids and dipeptides, have been prepared to test the influence of steric hindrance, chain lengths, ramification and Lys-AA amide substitution on hydrolysis. Unexpected results reveal an anchimeric assistance of the Lys-AaA amide proton to the hydrolysis of the carbamoyl moiety joining mPEG to the alpha-amino group of lysine through the formation of an hydantoin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Guiotto
- Dipartimento di Science Farmaceutiche, Via Marzolo, 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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48
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Guiotto A, Canevari M, Orsolini P, Lavanchy O, Deuschel C, Kaneda N, Kurita A, Matsuzaki T, Yaegashi T, Sawada S, Veronese FM. Synthesis, Characterization, and Preliminary in Vivo Tests of New Poly(ethylene glycol) Conjugates of the Antitumor Agent 10-Amino-7-ethylcamptothecin. J Med Chem 2004; 47:1280-9. [PMID: 14971908 DOI: 10.1021/jm031072e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high antitumor activity of camptothecins, few derivatives have been developed and tested for human treatment of solid tumors, due to unpredictable toxicity mainly connected to their poor water solubility. We report the conjugation of the antitumor agent 10-amino-7-hydroxy camptothecin (SN-392) to linear or branched poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEGs) of different loading capacity through a tri- or tetrapeptide spacer selectively cleaved by lysosomal enzymes (cathepsins). A synthetic strategy based on the chemoselective acylation of the aromatic amino group in the presence of the unprotected C20 tertiary alcohol allowed high overall yields. Two conjugates demonstrated good stability at physiological pH and in mouse plasma (nonspecific proteases) but slowly released the drug payload in the presence of the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin B1. Compound 3, selected for in vivo experiments, was very active against P388, P388/ADM leukaemia, and Meth A fibrosarcoma cell lines, scoring T/C% values comparable with the camptothecin derivative CPT-11. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that 3 acts as a reservoir of 10-amino-7-ethylcamptothecin, as the mean residence time (MRT) is about 3-fold higher than that of the free drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Guiotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo, 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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49
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Beljaars L, Weert B, Geerts A, Meijer DKF, Poelstra K. The preferential homing of a platelet derived growth factor receptor-recognizing macromolecule to fibroblast-like cells in fibrotic tissue. Biochem Pharmacol 2003; 66:1307-17. [PMID: 14505810 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(03)00445-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) is a key factor in the induction and progression of fibrotic diseases with the activated fibroblast as its target cell. Drug targeting to the PDGF-receptor is explored as a new approach to treat this disease. Therefore, we constructed a macromolecule with affinity for the PDGF-beta receptor by modification of albumin with a small peptide that recognises this PDGF-beta receptor. The binding of the peptide-modified albumin (pPB-HSA) to the PDGF-beta receptor was confirmed in competition studies with PDGF-BB using NIH/3T3-fibroblasts and activated hepatic stellate cells. Furthermore, pPB-HSA was able to reduce PDGF-BB-induced fibroblast proliferation in vitro, and proved to be devoid of proliferation-inducing activity itself. We assessed the distribution of pPB-HSA in vivo in two models of fibrosis and related the distribution of pPB-HSA to PDGF-beta receptor density. In rats with liver fibrosis (bile duct ligation model), pPB-HSA quickly accumulated in the liver in contrast to unmodified HSA (P<0.001). The major part of pPB-HSA in the fibrotic liver was localized in hepatic stellate cells. In rats with renal fibrosis (anti-Thy1.1 model), pPB-HSA also homed to the cells that expressed the PDGF-beta receptor, i.e. the mesangial cells in the glomeruli of the kidney. These results indicate that pPB-HSA may be applied as a macromolecular drug-carrier that accumulates specifically in cells expressing the PDGF-beta receptor, thus allowing a selective delivery of anti-fibrotic agents to these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Beljaars
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Drug Delivery, University Centre for Pharmacy, Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, AV Groningen 9713, The Netherlands.
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50
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Greenwald RB, Choe YH, McGuire J, Conover CD. Effective drug delivery by PEGylated drug conjugates. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2003; 55:217-50. [PMID: 12564978 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-409x(02)00180-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 640] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The current review presents an update of drug delivery using poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), that focuses on recent developments in both protein and organic drugs. Certainly the past 10 years has resulted in a renaissance of the field of PEG drug conjugates, initiated by the use of higher molecular weight PEGs (M(w)>20,000), especially 40,000 which is estimated to have a plasma circulating t(1/2) of approximately 10 h in mice. This recent resuscitation of small organic molecule delivery by high molecular weight PEG conjugates was founded on meaningful in vivo testing using established tumor models, and has led to a clinical candidate, PEG-camptothecin (PROTHECAN), an ester based prodrug currently in phase II trials. Additional applications of high molecular weight PEG prodrug strategies to amino containing drugs are presented: similar tripartate systems based on lower M(w) PEG and their use with proteins is expounded on. The modification of a benzyl elimination tripartate prodrug specific for mercaptans is presented, and its successful application to 6-mercaptopurine giving a water soluble formulation is discussed. Recent novel PEG oligonucleotides and immunoconjugates are also covered. Clinical results of FDA approved PEGylated proteins are also presented.
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