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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Youth with Chronic Pain and Their Parents: A Longitudinal Examination of Who Are Most at Risk. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9050745. [PMID: 35626922 PMCID: PMC9139609 DOI: 10.3390/children9050745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Chronic pain and mental illness in youth and parents are poised to reach new heights amidst the societal and healthcare impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Evidence from natural disasters (i.e., hurricanes) suggests that a degree of personal impact and individual personality may moderate the effects of high stress events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, on mental health. Methods: In a pre-existing cohort of 84 youth with chronic pain (Mage = 14.39; 12–18 years; 67.8% female) and 90 parents (86.7% female), we examined changes in youth pain interference and youth and parent mental health (depression, anxiety) from before to during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the influence of personal impact of the pandemic (i.e., financial, familial, health, social, occupational, and educational domains) and individual personality (neuroticism, conscientiousness, extroversion). Results: Overall, youth reported significantly lower pain interference and anxiety as compared to pre-pandemic; however, those more personally impacted by the pandemic reported worsening pain interference and anxiety symptoms. Overall, parents reported greater depressive symptoms as compared to pre-pandemic; however, those more personally impacted by the pandemic reported increased anxiety symptoms. Personality traits (high neuroticism, and low conscientiousness and extroversion) predicted worsened pain and mental health, and exacerbated effects of COVID-19-related personal impact on youth and parent anxiety symptoms. Discussion: Identifying risk and resilience profiles in youth and parents at high risk for worsening pain and mental health may better inform matching interventions to individual need.
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Chen CH, Huang MC, Chiu YH, Chen IM, Chen CH, Lu ML, Wang TY, Chen HC, Kuo PH. Stress Susceptibility Moderates the Relationship Between Eveningness Preference and Poor Sleep Quality in Non-Acute Mood Disorder Patients and Healthy Controls. Nat Sci Sleep 2022; 14:711-723. [PMID: 35450221 PMCID: PMC9018012 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s339898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between eveningness preference and poor sleep quality and eventually examine the moderation effect of stress susceptibility. METHODS Individuals with non-acute major depressive disorder or bipolar affective disorder and healthy participants were recruited. The Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to evaluate chronotype and sleep quality, respectively. Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to formulate stress susceptibility and as indicator variables for empirical clustering by latent class analysis (LCA). Linear regression models were used to examine the relationship between chronotype preference and sleep quality. The interaction terms of CSM and stress susceptibility were examined for the moderation effect. RESULTS A total of 887 individuals were enrolled in this study, with 68.2% female and 44.1% healthy participants. Three subgroups were derived from LCA and designated as low stresssusceptibility (40.2%), moderate stress susceptibility (40.9%), and high stress susceptibility (18.8%) groups. After controlling for covariates, the CSM scores inversely correlated with PSQI scores [b (se)=-0.02 (0.01), p=0.01], suggesting that individuals with eveningness preferences tend to have poor sleep quality. Moreover, stress susceptibility moderated the relationship between CSM and PSQI scores (p for interaction term = 0.04). Specifically, the inverse association between CSM and PSQI was more robust in the high stress susceptibility group than that in the low stress susceptibility group. CONCLUSION Eveningness preference was associated with poor sleep quality, and this relationship was moderated by stress susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hao Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Hospital, Songde Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Ming Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Health Policy and Management, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsin Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yang Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Chung Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Sleep Disorders, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Melegari MG, Barni D, Piperno V, Andriola E. Coping Skills in Pre- and Early Adolescents: The Role of Temperament and Character. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 2021; 182:406-421. [PMID: 34219619 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2021.1944044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Coping skills represent cognitive, emotional, and behavioral resources to overcome developmental challenges and tasks. Based on Cloninger's model of personality, the main aim of this study was to analyze the relation among temperament, character, and coping skills in nonclinical pre- and early adolescents by also considering adolescents' gender and age. One hundred and thirty-eight Italian pre- and early adolescents (52.2% boys and 47.8% girls), aged between 10-14 years (M = 12.33 ± 0.87 SD), filled out the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory and the Children's Coping Strategies Checklist Revision 1. Regression and relative weights analyses showed that several of adolescents' personality dimensions did predict their coping skills. Specifically, Harm Avoidance was negatively related to Positive Reframing and Distraction; this latter (i.e., Distraction) was also negatively associated with Novelty Seeking, Self-Directedness, and Cooperativeness. On the contrary, Cooperativeness was positively related to the use of Problem Focus strategy, and Reward Dependence was positively related to Distraction and Social Support. Significant gender and age differences in personality as well as in coping skills emerged. Girls scored higher on Harm Avoidance, Reward Dependence, Persistence and Problem Focus, and boys scored higher on Novelty Seeking and Distraction. Moreover, pre-adolescents (10-12 years) reported lower scores on Novelty Seeking and higher on Problem Focus than early adolescents (13-14 years). Overall, the results suggest that bio-psycho-social individual factors linked to personality, gender, and age have an important role in shaping pre- and early adolescents' coping and adaptation responses. Practical implications of the results and future developments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Barni
- Department of Human Sciences, LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elda Andriola
- Consortium "Humanitas", LUMSA University, Rome, Italy
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Filipiak S, Łubianka B. On the Rocky Road to Independence: Big Five Personality Traits and Locus of Control in Polish Primary School Students during Transition into Early Adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094564. [PMID: 33923124 PMCID: PMC8123388 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article reports the results of a survey of 455 Polish primary school sixth-graders experiencing changes in the education system. The goal of the study was to identify the relationships between the Big Five personality traits, measured with the picture-based personality survey for children (PBPS-C) and locus of control, determined using the locus of control questionnaire (LOCQ). The results lead to the conclusion that primary school students do not have an established locus of control of either success or failure. There are also no significant differences between boys and girls in the way they interpret the causes of situations and events that happen to them. Boys, compared to girls, scored significantly higher on traits related to seeking and enjoying the company of others. On the other hand, girls exhibited significantly higher levels of traits responsible for increased anxiety than boys. The personality traits that correlated the strongest with locus of control were Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience, and Agreeableness. A regression model showed that locus of control of success was significantly affected by two traits: Extraversion and Conscientiousness. Locus of control of failure was significantly predicted by Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness (positively), and Neuroticism (negatively). Regression model with gender as a moderator of relationships between personality traits and locus of control turned out to be insignificant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Filipiak
- Institute of Psychology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Głęboka 45, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-537-60-57
| | - Beata Łubianka
- Department of Psychology, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Krakowska 11, 25-029 Kielce, Poland;
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Kokkonen M, Pulkkinen L. Extraversion and Neuroticism as antecedents of emotion regulation and dysregulation in adulthood. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This longitudinal study examined the role of Extraversion and Neuroticism as antecedents of emotion regulation and dysregulation among 89 women and 81 men. When participants were 27 years old, their Extraversion and Neuroticism were assessed with the standardized version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. At age 33, they completed the Big‐Five Personality Inventory, an authorized adaptation of the NEO Personality Inventory. Emotion regulation, operationalized as an active attempt to turn a negative emotion toward a more positive direction, and measured by the Repair subscale of the Meta‐Regulation Scale, and emotional social support, as measured by the Life Situation Questionnaire, were assessed when participants reached 36 years of age. Emotional ambivalence, a type of emotion dysregulation, was also assessed in this wave. Structural equation modelling demonstrated that prior Neuroticism led to higher emotional ambivalence and lowered use of Repair at age 36. Prior Extraversion, on the other hand, was linked to lower emotional ambivalence at age 36. Extraversion also led to higher attempts to rely on emotional social support to regulate emotions, but less interest in using Repair. Correlational findings revealed that Extraversion and Neuroticism showed differential continuity between ages 27 and 33. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja Kokkonen
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Psychology, Finland
| | - Lea Pulkkinen
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Psychology, Finland
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Chan HF, Moon JW, Savage DA, Skali A, Torgler B, Whyte S. Can Psychological Traits Explain Mobility Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic? SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PERSONALITY SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1948550620952572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current COVID-19 pandemic is a global, exogenous shock, impacting individuals’ decision making and behavior allowing researchers to test theories of personality by exploring how traits, in conjunction with individual and societal differences, affect compliance and cooperation. Study 1 used Google mobility data and nation-level personality data from 31 countries, both before and after region-specific legislative interventions, finding that agreeable nations are most consistently compliant with mobility restrictions. Study 2 ( N = 105,857) replicated these findings using individual-level data, showing that several personality traits predict sheltering in place behavior, but extraverts are especially likely to remain mobile. Overall, our analyses reveal robust relationships between traits and regulatory compliance (mobility behavior), both before and after region-specific legislative interventions, and the global declaration of the pandemic. Further, we find significant effects on reasons for leaving home, as well as age and gender differences, particularly relating to female agreeableness for previous and future social mobility behaviors. These sex differences, however, are only visible for those living in households with two or more people, suggesting that such findings may be driven by division of labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Fai Chan
- School of Economics and Finance, Centre for Behavioural Economics, Society & Technology (BEST), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jordan W. Moon
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - David A. Savage
- Newcastle Business School, The University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ahmed Skali
- Department of Economics, Deakin University, Australia
| | - Benno Torgler
- School of Economics and Finance, Centre for Behavioural Economics, Society & Technology (BEST), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- CREMA—Center for Research in Economics, Management, and the Arts, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stephen Whyte
- School of Economics and Finance, Centre for Behavioural Economics, Society & Technology (BEST), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
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Forster M, Gower AL, McMorris BJ, Borowsky IW. Adverse Childhood Experiences and School-Based Victimization and Perpetration. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2020; 35:662-681. [PMID: 29294639 DOI: 10.1177/0886260517689885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Retrospective studies using adult self-report data have demonstrated that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase risk of violence perpetration and victimization. However, research examining the associations between adolescent reports of ACE and school violence involvement is sparse. The present study examines the relationship between adolescent reported ACE and multiple types of on-campus violence (bringing a weapon to campus, being threatened with a weapon, bullying, fighting, vandalism) for boys and girls as well as the risk of membership in victim, perpetrator, and victim-perpetrator groups. The analytic sample was comprised of ninth graders who participated in the 2013 Minnesota Student Survey (n ~ 37,000). Multinomial logistic regression models calculated the risk of membership for victim only, perpetrator only, and victim-perpetrator subgroups, relative to no violence involvement, for students with ACE as compared with those with no ACE. Separate logistic regression models assessed the association between cumulative ACE and school-based violence, adjusting for age, ethnicity, family structure, poverty status, internalizing symptoms, and school district size. Nearly 30% of students were exposed to at least one ACE. Students with ACE represent 19% of no violence, 38% of victim only, 40% of perpetrator only, and 63% of victim-perpetrator groups. There was a strong, graded relationship between ACE and the probability of school-based victimization: physical bullying for boys but not girls, being threatened with a weapon, and theft or property destruction (ps < .001) and perpetration: bullying and bringing a weapon to campus (ps < .001), with boys especially vulnerable to the negative effects of cumulative ACE. We recommend that schools systematically screen for ACE, particularly among younger adolescents involved in victimization and perpetration, and develop the infrastructure to increase access to trauma-informed intervention services. Future research priorities and implications are discussed.
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Poulain T, Fuchs M, Vogel M, Jurkutat A, Hiemisch A, Kiess W, Berger T. Associations of Speaking-Voice Parameters With Personality and Behavior in School-Aged Children. J Voice 2018; 34:485.e23-485.e31. [PMID: 30391018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies suggest a link between voice disorders and personality traits. However, nearly nothing is known about the relationship between personality and voice parameters in healthy children. The present study investigated associations between children's personality and the intensity and frequency of their speaking voice. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional analysis. METHODS The study participants included 871 German children aged from 7 to 14 who had not yet experienced voice change in puberty. Within the framework of the LIFE Child study, all participants were asked to perform a speaking-voice task at four different intensity levels (quietest, conversational, presentation, and shouting voice). Associations of fundamental frequency and voice intensity with children's personality and behavioral strengths and difficulties (assessed using parent-reported questionnaires) were estimated using multiple linear regression analyses. RESULTS With respect to children's personality, the analyses revealed significant positive associations between speaking-voice intensity and extraversion (eg, for the conversational voice, β = 0.16, P < 0.001) as well as significant negative associations between voice intensity and emotional stability (eg, for the shouting voice, β = -0.15, P = 0.004) and conscientiousness (for the shouting voice, β = -0.10, P = 0.033). Regarding behavioral strengths and difficulties, we observed significant positive associations between voice intensity and peer-relationship problems (eg, for the conversational voice, β = 0.14, P = 0.001) and prosocial behavior (for the conversational voice, β = 0.11, P = 0.015). In contrast, no significant association was found between speaking fundamental frequency and personality or behavioral difficulties/strengths. CONCLUSIONS In children, associations exist between a child's speaking-voice intensity and his or her personality, especially extraversion and emotional stability, and behavioral characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Poulain
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany; Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.
| | - M Fuchs
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Section of Phoniatrics and Audiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - M Vogel
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany; Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - A Jurkutat
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - A Hiemisch
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany; Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - W Kiess
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany; Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - T Berger
- LIFE Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Section of Phoniatrics and Audiology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
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The Role of Self-Esteem and Social Support in the Relationship between Extraversion and Happiness: a Serial Mediation Model. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-016-9444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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10
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Kopala-Sibley DC, Kotov R, Bromet EJ, Carlson GA, Danzig AP, Black SR, Klein DN. Personality diatheses and Hurricane Sandy: effects on post-disaster depression. Psychol Med 2016; 46:865-875. [PMID: 26619902 PMCID: PMC4752928 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715002378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to diathesis-stress models, personality traits, such as negative emotionality (NE) and positive emotionality (PE), may moderate the effects of stressors on the development of depression. However, relatively little empirical research has directly examined whether NE and PE act as diatheses in the presence of stressful life events, and no research has examined whether they moderate the effect of disaster exposure on depressive symptoms. Hurricane Sandy, the second costliest hurricane in US history, offers a unique opportunity to address these gaps. METHOD A total of 318 women completed measures of NE and PE 5 years prior to Hurricane Sandy. They were also assessed for lifetime depressive disorders on two occasions, the latter occurring an average of 1 year before the hurricane. Approximately 8 weeks after the disaster (mean = 8.40, s.d. = 1.48 weeks), participants completed a hurricane stress exposure questionnaire and a measure of current depressive symptoms. RESULTS Adjusting for lifetime history of depressive disorders, higher levels of stress from Hurricane Sandy predicted elevated levels of depressive symptoms, but only in participants with high levels of NE or low levels of PE. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the role of personality in the development of depression and suggest that personality traits can be useful in identifying those most vulnerable to major stressors, including natural disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Kotov
- Psychology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Psychiatry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - E. J. Bromet
- Psychiatry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - G. A. Carlson
- Psychiatry Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - A. P. Danzig
- Psychology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - S. R. Black
- Psychology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - D. N. Klein
- Psychology Department, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Kushner SC. A Review of the Direct and Interactive Effects of Life Stressors and Dispositional Traits on Youth Psychopathology. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2015; 46:810-9. [PMID: 25414134 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-014-0523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Stressors and dispositional traits have been implicated in youth psychopathology; however, the direct effects from stressors or traits alone may be insufficient for explaining maladaptive development. Evidence for the impact of stressors and dispositional traits has largely progressed within separate lines of inquiry, resulting in disunited etiological models and variable empirical support. Existing research on the concurrent effects of stressors and traits has also been hindered by several conceptual issues-including mixed evidence for specificity effects, inconsistent operationalization of stressors, and inadequate coverage of dispositional traits across development-making it difficult to draw conclusions across studies. The current review aims to unify these independent lines of inquiry by evaluating prior research according to three theoretical frameworks: (1) additive, (2) diathesis-stress, and (3) social push models. Implications for assessment, prevention, and intervention efforts in clinical child and adolescent psychopathology are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna C Kushner
- Department of Psychology, SY-123, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada,
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Ilmarinen V, Vainikainen M, Verkasalo M, Lönnqvist J. Why Are Extraverts More Popular? Oral Fluency Mediates the Effect of Extraversion on Popularity in Middle Childhood. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/per.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In a sample of 7– to 8–year–old children (N = 760), we examined the associations between personality traits, oral fluency and sociometric popularity. Extending upon research conducted with older populations, we found parent ratings of extraversion at age 7 to predict popularity one year later. More importantly, we expected and found teacher–rated oral fluency to partially mediate the positive association between extraversion and popularity. This mediation effect was independent of psychometrically assessed working memory, academic skills and gender. Our results can be interpreted as suggesting that a Matthew effect, similar to the one proposed for early reading skills and cognitive ability, may be operating in the domain of social competence. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Markku Verkasalo
- Institute of Behavioural Science, University of Helsinki, Finland
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Senior C, Martin R, Thomas G, Topakas A, West M, M. Yeats R. Developmental stability and leadership effectiveness. LEADERSHIP QUARTERLY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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Poppe C, Crombez G, Hanoulle I, Vogelaers D, Petrovic M. Mental quality of life in chronic fatigue is associated with an accommodative coping style and neuroticism: a path analysis. Qual Life Res 2011; 21:1337-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-011-0048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Diniz SS, Zanini DS. Relação entre fatores de personalidade e estratégias de coping em adolescentes. PSICO-USF 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-82712010000100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a relação entre fatores de personalidade e estratégias de coping em adolescentes. Participaram desta pesquisa 102 jovens de uma escola municipal de Goiânia com idade entre 11 e 15 anos, utilizando o Coping Response Inventory e a Bateria Fatorial de Personalidade. Os dados obtidos demonstraram que meninas utilizam mais a análise lógica para resolver seus problemas e os meninos apresentam maior pontuação em neuroticismo; que os adolescentes mais jovens utilizam mais coping de evitação e os mais velhos, o coping de aproximação; e que tanto a apreciação do problema como os traços de personalidade relacionam-se significativamente com o uso de estratégias de coping. Os resultados são discutidos de acordo com as teorias de coping.
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Shoji K, Harrigan JA, Woll SB, Miller SA. Interactions among situations, neuroticism, and appraisals in coping strategy choice. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Murberg TA. Associations Between Personality and Coping Styles Among Norwegian Adolescents. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2009. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001.30.2.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine prospectively to what extent the outcomes of coping styles are determined by personality traits in a sample of adolescents (aged 14 through 16 years). The sample consisted of 259 (132 females, 127 males) students in two Norwegian secondary schools. The results showed that adolescents’ coping styles were only moderately correlated with the personality traits of Neuroticism and Extraversion. Coping styles and personality showed consistent patterns over the 1-year period. In addition, although personality explains a substantial part of the variance in the criterion variables, coping styles also contribute to a significant portion of this variance, which may support the hypothesis that coping styles are partially determined by the personality traits of Extraversion and Neuroticism. In view of these findings, it could be surmised that coping styles among these adolescents might not just be epiphenomena of enduring personality traits.
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Nes LS, Segerstrom SC. Conceptualizing Coping: Optimism as a Case Study. SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY COMPASS 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2008.00152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Goldenberg JL, Heflick NA, Cooper DP. The Thrust of the Problem: Bodily Inhibitions and Guilt as a Function of Mortality Salience and Neuroticism. J Pers 2008; 76:1055-80. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00513.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wilkinson RB, Walford WA, Espnes GA. Coping styles and psychological health in adolescents and young adults: A comparison of moderator and main effects models. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530008255383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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21
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Hinnen C, Hagedoorn M, Sanderman R, Ranchor AV. The role of distress, neuroticism and time since diagnosis in explaining support behaviors in partners of women with breast cancer: results of a longitudinal analysis. Psychooncology 2007; 16:913-9. [PMID: 17265542 DOI: 10.1002/pon.1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this prospective study distress, neuroticism and time since diagnosis were investigated as determinants of spousal support behavior (i.e. protective buffering and active engagement) in a group of 92 partners of women with breast cancer. Distress and neuroticism were assessed at three months after diagnosis while protective buffering and active engagement were assessed at three, nine and 15 months after diagnosis. Results indicate small but significant decreases in protective buffering and active engagement over time. Moreover, initial distress and neuroticism were found to be strongly and positively related to protective buffering at all three measurements. In addition, less distress was associated with more active engagement in especially individuals scoring relatively low on neuroticism, but only at 3 months after diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Hinnen
- Northern Centre for Healthcare Research, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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22
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Rose AJ, Rudolph KD. A review of sex differences in peer relationship processes: potential trade-offs for the emotional and behavioral development of girls and boys. Psychol Bull 2006; 132:98-131. [PMID: 16435959 PMCID: PMC3160171 DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1181] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Theory and research on sex differences in adjustment focus largely on parental, societal, and biological influences. However, it also is important to consider how peers contribute to girls' and boys' development. This article provides a critical review of sex differences in several peer relationship processes, including behavioral and social-cognitive styles, stress and coping, and relationship provisions. The authors present a speculative peer-socialization model based on this review in which the implications of these sex differences for girls' and boys' emotional and behavioral development are considered. Central to this model is the idea that sex-linked relationship processes have costs and benefits for girls' and boys' adjustment. Finally, the authors present recent research testing certain model components and propose approaches for testing understudied aspects of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Rose
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri--Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
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23
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Ellenbogen MA, Hodgins S. The impact of high neuroticism in parents on children's psychosocial functioning in a population at high risk for major affective disorder: a family-environmental pathway of intergenerational risk. Dev Psychopathol 2004; 16:113-36. [PMID: 15115067 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579404044438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral genetic studies indicate that nongenetic factors play a role in the development of bipolar and major depressive disorders. The trait of neuroticism is common among individuals with major affective disorders. We hypothesized that high neuroticism among parents affects the family environment and parenting practices and thereby increases the risk of psychosocial problems among offspring. This hypothesis is tested in a sample of participants at high and low risk for major affective disorders, which contained parents with bipolar disorder (55), major depression (21), or no mental disorder (148) and their 146 children between 4 and 14 years of age. Parents with high neuroticism scores were characterized by low psychosocial functioning, poor parenting, more dependent stressful life events, and the use of more emotion-focused and less task-oriented coping skills. High neuroticism in parents was associated with internalizing and externalizing problems among the children, as assessed by parent and teacher ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist and clinician ratings. The results suggest that high neuroticism in parents with major affective disorders is associated with inadequate parenting practices and the creation of a stressful family environment, which are subsequently related to psychosocial problems among the offspring.
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Compas BE, Connor-Smith J, Jaser SS. Temperament, Stress Reactivity, and Coping: Implications for Depression in Childhood and Adolescence. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2004; 33:21-31. [PMID: 15028538 DOI: 10.1207/s15374424jccp3301_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
This article considers the role of temperament in the development of depression during childhood and adolescence. The features of depression in young people and aspects of temperament that are most relevant to depression are briefly reviewed. Studies that have tested the direct and indirect associations of temperament and depressive symptoms in young people are summarized. Evidence suggests that the temperamental characteristics of positive and negative emotionality, and to a lesser extent attentional control, are implicated in depressive symptoms. The role of stress, stress responses, and coping are then examined in the association of temperament and depression. Temperamental characteristics may moderate and be moderated by stress responses and coping in their effects on depression. Directions for future research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce E Compas
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
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Abstract
The Mental Health Model (MHM) of sport performance purports that an inverse relationship exists between psychopathology and sport performance. The model postulates that as an athlete's mental health either worsens or improves performance should fall or rise accordingly, and there is now considerable support for this view. Studies have shown that between 70 and 85% of successful and unsuccessful athletes can be identified using general psychological measures of personality structure and mood state, a level superior to chance but insufficient for the purpose of selecting athletes. Longitudinal MHM research indicates that the mood state responses of athletes exhibit a dose-response relationship with their training load, a finding that has shown potential for reducing the incidence of the staleness syndrome in athletes who undergo intensive physical training. The MHM also has implications for the general care of athletes as support services have traditionally been limited to preventing or treating physical problems. Despite its simple premise and empirical support, the MHM has often been mischaracterised in the sport psychology literature and recently some authors have questioned its validity. This overview will summarise MHM research, including the more recent work involving the model's dynamic features in an effort to resolve disputes surrounding the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Raglin
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA.
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Kokkonen M, Pulkkinen L, Kinnunen T. Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective. EUROPEAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2001. [DOI: 10.1027//1016-9040.6.1.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja Kokkonen
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Psychology, Finland
| | - Lea Pulkkinen
- University of Jyväskylä, Department of Psychology, Finland
| | - Taru Kinnunen
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA
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