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Metaireau M, Osiurak F, Seye A, Lesourd M. The neural correlates of limb apraxia: An anatomical likelihood estimation meta-analysis of lesion-symptom mapping studies in brain-damaged patients. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105720. [PMID: 38754714 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Limb apraxia is a motor disorder frequently observed following a stroke. Apraxic deficits are classically assessed with four tasks: tool use, pantomime of tool use, imitation, and gesture understanding. These tasks are supported by several cognitive processes represented in a left-lateralized brain network including inferior frontal gyrus, inferior parietal lobe (IPL), and lateral occipito-temporal cortex (LOTC). For the past twenty years, voxel-wise lesion symptom mapping (VLSM) studies have been used to unravel the neural correlates associated with apraxia, but none of them has proposed a comprehensive view of the topic. In the present work, we proposed to fill this gap by performing a systematic Anatomic Likelihood Estimation meta-analysis of VLSM studies which included tasks traditionally used to assess apraxia. We found that the IPL was crucial for all the tasks. Moreover, lesions within the LOTC were more associated with imitation deficits than tool use or pantomime, confirming its important role in higher visual processing. Our results questioned traditional neurocognitive models on apraxia and may have important clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilien Metaireau
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR INSERM 1322, LINC, Besançon F-25000, France; Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement (UAR 3124), Besançon, France.
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Arthur Seye
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Université de Franche-Comté, UMR INSERM 1322, LINC, Besançon F-25000, France; Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement (UAR 3124), Besançon, France; Unité de Neurologie Vasculaire, CHU Besançon, France.
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2
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Baumard J, Laniepce A, Lesourd M, Guezouli L, Beaucousin V, Gehin M, Osiurak F, Bartolo A. The Neurocognitive Bases of Meaningful Intransitive Gestures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Neuropsychological Studies. Neuropsychol Rev 2024:10.1007/s11065-024-09634-6. [PMID: 38448754 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-024-09634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Researchers and clinicians have long used meaningful intransitive (i.e., not tool-related; MFI) gestures to assess apraxia-a complex and frequent motor-cognitive disorder. Nevertheless, the neurocognitive bases of these gestures remain incompletely understood. Models of apraxia have assumed that meaningful intransitive gestures depend on either long-term memory (i.e., semantic memory and action lexicons) stored in the left hemisphere, or social cognition and the right hemisphere. This meta-analysis of 42 studies reports the performance of 2659 patients with either left or right hemisphere damage in tests of meaningful intransitive gestures, as compared to other gestures (i.e., MFT or meaningful transitive and MLI or meaningless intransitive) and cognitive tests. The key findings are as follows: (1) deficits of meaningful intransitive gestures are more frequent and severe after left than right hemisphere lesions, but they have been reported in both groups; (2) we found a transitivity effect in patients with lesions of the left hemisphere (i.e., meaningful transitive gestures more difficult than meaningful intransitive gestures) but a "reverse" transitivity effect in patients with lesions of the right hemisphere (i.e., meaningful transitive gestures easier than meaningful intransitive gestures); (3) there is a strong association between meaningful intransitive and transitive (but not meaningless) gestures; (4) isolated deficits of meaningful intransitive gestures are more frequent in cases with right than left hemisphere lesions; (5) these deficits may occur in the absence of language and semantic memory impairments; (6) meaningful intransitive gesture performance seems to vary according to the emotional content of gestures (i.e., body-centered gestures and emotional valence-intensity). These findings are partially consistent with the social cognition hypothesis. Methodological recommendations are given for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mathieu Lesourd
- UMR INSERM 1322 LINC, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besancon, France
| | - Léna Guezouli
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CRFDP, 76000, Rouen, France
| | | | - Maureen Gehin
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CRFDP, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (UR 3082), Université Lyon 2, Bron, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Angela Bartolo
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, Univ. Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
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3
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Whitwell RL, Hasan HA, MacNeil RR, Enns JT. Coming to grips with reality: Real grasps, but not pantomimed grasps, resist a simultaneous tilt illusion. Neuropsychologia 2023; 191:108726. [PMID: 37931746 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Investigations of grasping real, 3D objects subjected to illusory effects from a pictorial background often choose in-flight grasp aperture as the primary variable to test the hypothesis that the visuomotor system resists the illusion. Here we test an equally important feature of grasps that has received less attention: in-flight grasp orientation. The current study tested a variant of the simultaneous tilt illusion using a mirror-apparatus to manipulate the availability of haptic feedback. Participants performed grasps with haptic feedback (real grasps) and without it (pantomime grasps), reaching for the reflection of a real, 3D bar atop a background grating that induced a 1.1° bias in the perceived orientation of the bar in a separate sample of participants. Analysis of the hand's in-flight grasp orientation at early, late, and end stages of the reach showed that at no point were the real grasps biased by the illusion. In contrast, pantomimed grasps were affected by the illusion at the late and end stages of the reach. At each stage, the effect on the real grasps was significantly weaker than the effect of the illusion as measured by the mean point of subjective equality (PSE) in a two-alternative forced-choice task. In contrast, the effect on the pantomime grasps was statistically indistinguishable from the mean PSE at all three stages of the reach. These findings reinforce the idea that in-flight grasp orientation, like grasp aperture to pictorial illusions of target size, is refractory to pictorial backgrounds that bias perceived orientation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L Whitwell
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, The University of Western University, Canada; Department of Psychology, The University of Western University, Canada.
| | - H A Hasan
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - R R MacNeil
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - J T Enns
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Canada
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4
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Przybylski L, Kroliczak G. The functional organization of skilled actions in the adextral and atypical brain. Neuropsychologia 2023; 191:108735. [PMID: 37984793 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
When planning functional grasps of tools, right-handed individuals (dextrals) show mostly left-lateralized neural activity in the praxis representation network (PRN), regardless of the used hand. Here we studied whether or not similar cerebral asymmetries are evident in non-righthanded individuals (adextrals). Sixty two participants, 28 righthanders and 34 non-righthanders (21 lefthanders, 13 mixedhanders), planned functional grasps of tools vs. grasps of control objects, and subsequently performed their pantomimed executions, in an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) project. Both hands were tested, separately in two different sessions, counterbalanced across participants. After accounting for non-functional components of the prospective grasp, planning functional grasps of tools was associated with greater engagement of the same, left-hemisphere occipito-temporal, parietal and frontal areas of PRN, regardless of hand and handedness. Only when the analyses involved signal changes referenced to resting baseline intervals, differences between adextrals and dextrals emerged. Whereas in the left hemisphere the neural activity was equivalent in both groups (except for the occipito-temporo-parietal junction), its increases in the right occipito-temporal cortex, medial intraparietal sulcus (area MIP), the supramarginal gyrus (area PFt/PF), and middle frontal gyrus (area p9-46v) were significantly greater in adextrals. The inverse contrast was empty. Notably, when individuals with atypical and typical hemispheric phenotypes were directly compared, planning functional (vs. control) grasps invoked, instead, significant clusters located nearly exclusively in the left hemisphere of the typical phenotype. Previous studies interpret similar right-sided vs. left-sided increases in neural activity for skilled actions as handedness dependent, i.e., located in the hemisphere dominant for manual skills. Yet, none of the effects observed here can be purely handedness dependent because there were mixed-handed individuals among adextrals, and numerous mixed-handed and left-handed individuals possess the typical phenotype. Thus, our results clearly show that hand dominance has limited power in driving the cerebral organization of motor cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Przybylski
- Action & Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland
| | - Gregory Kroliczak
- Action & Cognition Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland; Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland.
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Beschin N, MacPherson SE, Barozzi N, Della Sala S. Luria's fist-edge-palm test: A small change makes a big difference. Cortex 2023; 169:191-202. [PMID: 37944207 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Slight modifications in the instructions or administration of neuropsychological tests could result in noticeable differences in performance. A good example is offered by a test devised by Luria to assess executive functioning in motor planning, the three-step fist-edge-palm (FEP) test, which is still frequently employed in clinical settings and features in several neuropsychological test batteries such as the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). While Luria described the orientation of the fist as horizontal to the testing desk (hFEP), recent versions of the task indicate the fist should be vertical to the testing desk (vFEP). The current study examined whether administering the hFEP or the vFEP tests results in different performance in healthy people, and whether one version is better than the other at detecting impairments in a patient population. The hFEP proved more challenging for healthy adults than the vFEP, and people with brain damage committed more errors on the hFEP than the vFEP. Both versions correlated with executive measures but also with several other cognitive variables, indicating that the test is not a specific marker of executive functions. Although performance on the FEP is sensitive to articulatory suppression, faster pace, and the number of sequences performed, none of these conditions fully account for the differences between the hFEP and vFEP. The additional demand of the hFEP appears to be due to the less natural (i.e., automatic) orientation of the horizontal fist. In conclusion, a small change in the administration of the test, eluding Luria's instructions, grossly modified its sensitivity. Clinicians and researchers should be wary of modifying instructions or testing procedures without considering the possible consequences of such modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Beschin
- Neuropsychological Service, Rehabilitation Unit, ASST Valle Olona, Somma Lombardo Hospital, Italy
| | - Sarah E MacPherson
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nicole Barozzi
- Neuropsychological Service, Rehabilitation Unit, ASST Valle Olona, Somma Lombardo Hospital, Italy
| | - Sergio Della Sala
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Osiurak F, Delporte L, Revol P, Melgar L, Robert de Beauchamp A, Quesque F, Rossetti Y. The social cognitive dimension of pantomime. Brain Cogn 2023; 166:105942. [PMID: 36621188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2022.105942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pantomime production is commonly interpreted as reflecting tool-use-related cognitive processes. Yet, in everyday life, pantomime deserves a communication function and the exaggeration of amplitude found during pantomime compared to real tool use may reflect the individual's attempt to communicate the intended gesture. Therefore, the question arises about whether pantomime is a communicative behavior that is nevertheless supported only by non-social cognitive processes. We contribute to answering this question by using kinematic analyses. Participants performed the pantomime of using a saw or a hammer from visual presentation in three conditions: Free (no specific instructions), Self (focus on the real tool-use action), and Others (focus on the communicative dimension). Finally, they used the tool with the corresponding object (Actual condition). Participants' social cognition were assessed using gold standard questionnaires. Our results indicated that the manipulation of instructions had a minor effect on the exaggeration of amplitude during pantomime. We reported a link between the social cognition score and the amplitude in the Others condition for the hammer, which suggests that social cognitive processes could take part in pantomime production in some conditions. Nevertheless, this result does not alter our conclusion that social cognitive processes might be far from necessary for pantomime production.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Osiurak
- Unité de Recherche Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
| | - Ludovic Delporte
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Trajectoires Team (Inserm UMR_S 1028-CNRS-UMR 5292-Université de Lyon), Bron, France; Mouvement et Handicap and Neuro-Immersion, Hospices Civils de Lyon et Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Hôpital Henry Gabrielle, St Genis Laval, France
| | - Patrice Revol
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Trajectoires Team (Inserm UMR_S 1028-CNRS-UMR 5292-Université de Lyon), Bron, France; Mouvement et Handicap and Neuro-Immersion, Hospices Civils de Lyon et Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Hôpital Henry Gabrielle, St Genis Laval, France
| | - Livia Melgar
- Unité de Recherche Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - François Quesque
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Trajectoires Team (Inserm UMR_S 1028-CNRS-UMR 5292-Université de Lyon), Bron, France; Mouvement et Handicap and Neuro-Immersion, Hospices Civils de Lyon et Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Hôpital Henry Gabrielle, St Genis Laval, France
| | - Yves Rossetti
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Trajectoires Team (Inserm UMR_S 1028-CNRS-UMR 5292-Université de Lyon), Bron, France; Mouvement et Handicap and Neuro-Immersion, Hospices Civils de Lyon et Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Hôpital Henry Gabrielle, St Genis Laval, France
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Rounis E, Binkofski F. Limb Apraxias: The Influence of Higher Order Perceptual and Semantic Deficits in Motor Recovery After Stroke. Stroke 2023; 54:30-43. [PMID: 36542070 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.122.037948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Limb apraxia is a group of higher order motor disorders associated with greater disability and dependence after stroke. Original neuropsychology studies distinguished separate brain pathways involved in perception and action, known as the dual stream hypothesis. This framework has allowed a better understanding of the deficits identified in Limb Apraxia. In this review, we propose a hierarchical organization of this disorder, in which a distinction can be made between several visuomotor pathways that lead to purposeful actions. Based on this, executive apraxias (such as limb kinetic apraxia) cause deficits in executing fine motor hand skills, and intermediate apraxias (such as optic ataxia and tactile apraxia) cause deficits in reaching to grasp and manipulating objects in space. These disorders usually affect the contralesional limb. A further set of disorders collectively known as limb apraxias include deficits in gesture imitation, pantomime, gesture recognition, and object use. These deficits are due to deficits in integrating perceptual and semantic information to generate complex movements. Limb apraxias are usually caused by left-hemisphere lesions in right-handed stroke patients, affecting both limbs. The anterior- to posterior-axis of brain areas are disrupted depending on the increasing involvement of perceptual and semantic processes with each condition. Lower-level executive apraxias are linked to lesions in the frontal lobe and the basal ganglia, while intermediate apraxias are linked to lesions in dorso-dorsal subdivisions of the dorsal fronto-parietal networks. Limb apraxias can be caused by lesions in both dorsal and ventral subdivisions including the ventro-dorsal stream and a third visuomotor pathway, involved in body schema and social cognition. Rehabilitation of these disorders with behavioral therapies has aimed to either restore perceptuo-semantic deficits or compensate to overcome these deficits. Further studies are required to better stratify patients, using modern neurophysiology and neuroimaging techniques, to provide targeted and personalized therapies for these disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Rounis
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, West Middlesex University Hospital, Isleworth, United Kingdom (E.R.).,MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (E.R.).,Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom (E.R.)
| | - Ferdinand Binkofski
- Division for Clinical Cognitive Sciences, Department of Neurology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Germany (F.B.).,Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Center Juelich GmbH, Germany (F.B.).,Juelich Aachen Research Alliance - JARA, Germany (F.B.)
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Zhang H, Hinzen W. Temporal Overlap Between Gestures and Speech in Poststroke Aphasia: Is There a Compensatory Effect? JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2022; 65:4797-4811. [PMID: 36455133 DOI: 10.1044/2022_jslhr-22-00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE If language production is impaired, will gestures compensate? Evidence in favor of this prediction has often been argued to come from aphasia, but it remains contested. Here, we tested whether thought content not present in speech due to language impairment is manifested in gestures, in 20 people with dysfluent (Broca's) aphasia, 20 people with fluent (Wernicke's) aphasia, and 20 matched neurotypical controls. METHOD A new annotation scheme was created distinguishing types of gestures and whether they co-occurred with fluent or dysfluent/absent speech and were temporally aligned in content with coproduced speech. RESULTS Across both aphasia types, noncontent (beat) gestures, which by their nature cannot compensate for lost speech content, constituted the greatest proportion of all types of gestures produced. Content (i.e., descriptive, referential, and metaphorical) gestures were largely coproduced with fluent rather than dysfluent speech and tended to be aligned with the content conveyed in speech. They also did not differ in quantity depending on whether the dysfluencies were eventually resolved or not. Neither aphasia severity nor comprehension ability had an impact on the total amount of content gesture produced in people with aphasia, which was instead positively correlated with speech fluency. CONCLUSIONS Together, these results suggest that gestures are unlikely to have a role in compensating for linguistic deficits and to serve as a representational system conveying thought content independent of language. Surprisingly, aphasia rather is a model of how gesture and language are inherently integrated and aligned: Even when language is impaired, it remains the essential provider of content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- Department of Translation and Language Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wolfram Hinzen
- Department of Translation and Language Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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Sparaci L, Formica D, Lasorsa FR, Raiano L, Venuti P, Capirci O. New Methods for Unraveling Imitation Accuracy Differences Between Children with Autism and Typically Developing Peers. Percept Mot Skills 2022; 129:1749-1774. [PMID: 36151737 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221126215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study applies methods used in sign language and gesture research to better understand reduced imitation accuracy (IA) of actions and gestures in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and we addressed contrasting theories on IA in ASD and the role of objects and meanings in imitation. Eight male children with ASD with a mean chronological age (CA) of 86.76 months (SD = 10.74, range 70.5-104.4) and 22 male and female peers with typical development (TD) and a mean CA of 85.44 months (SD = 7.95, range 73.4-96.7) imitated videos of an adult performing actions with objects, representational gestures, conventional gestures and meaningless gestures. We measured accuracy as ability to effectively reproduce features (handshape, palm orientation, location, movement direction and type) and timing (speed) of observed actions/gestures, after ruling out cases of specular (i.e., mirror-like) versus anatomical imitation. Results highlighted significantly lower feature and timing accuracy in children with ASD with respect to the TD group across tasks, and these findings supported sensory-motor theories of IA in ASD. Our data also showed the different impact of objects and meanings within groups. Overall, these results suggest validity to our assessment method and suggested the importance of considering both discreet variables (i.e., variables describing action/gesture feature accuracy, e.g. handshape, movement direction) and continuous variables (i.e., kinematic variables, e.g. speed) in evaluating IA in autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sparaci
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Formica
- School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NeXT: Neurophysiology and Neuroengineering of Human- Technology Interaction Research Unit, 9317Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma (UCBM), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Raiano
- NeXT: Neurophysiology and Neuroengineering of Human- Technology Interaction Research Unit, 9317Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma (UCBM), Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Venuti
- Psychology and Cognitive Science Department, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Olga Capirci
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC), National Research Council (CNR) of Italy, Rome, Italy
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10
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Baumard J, Lesourd M, Guézouli L, Osiurak F. Physical understanding in neurodegenerative diseases. Cogn Neuropsychol 2022; 38:490-514. [PMID: 35549825 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2022.2071152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This quantitative review gives an overview of physical understanding (i.e., the ability to represent and use the laws of physics to interact with the physical world) impairments in Alzheimer's disease (AD), semantic dementia (SD), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS), as assessed mainly with mechanical problem-solving and tool use tests. This review shows that: (1) SD patients have apraxia of tool use because of semantic tool knowledge deficits, but normal performance in tests of physical understanding; (2) AD and CBS patients show impaired performance in mechanical problem-solving tests, probably not because of intrinsic deficits of physical understanding, but rather because of additional cognitive (AD) or motor impairments (CBS); (3) As a result, the performance in mechanical problem-solving tests is not a good predictor of familiar tool use in dementia; (4) Actual deficits of physical understanding are probably observed only in late stages of neurodegenerative diseases, and associated with functional loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Baumard
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CRFDP (EA 7475), 76000 Rouen, France.,Centre de Recherche sur les Fonctionnements et Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (EA 7475), Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté Besançon, France.,MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Léna Guézouli
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CRFDP (EA 7475), 76000 Rouen, France.,Centre de Recherche sur les Fonctionnements et Dysfonctionnements Psychologiques (EA 7475), Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA 3082), Université de Lyon, Bron Cedex, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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11
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Osiurak F, Reynaud E, Baumard J, Rossetti Y, Bartolo A, Lesourd M. Pantomime of tool use: looking beyond apraxia. Brain Commun 2022; 3:fcab263. [PMID: 35350708 PMCID: PMC8936430 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pantomime has a long tradition in clinical neuropsychology of apraxia. It has been much more used by researchers and clinicians to assess tool-use disorders than real tool use. Nevertheless, it remains incompletely understood and has given rise to controversies, such as the involvement of the left inferior parietal lobe or the nature of the underlying cognitive processes. The present article offers a comprehensive framework, with the aim of specifying the neural and cognitive bases of pantomime. To do so, we conducted a series of meta-analyses of brain-lesion, neuroimaging and behavioural studies about pantomime and other related tasks (i.e. real tool use, imitation of meaningless postures and semantic knowledge). The first key finding is that the area PF (Area PF complex) within the left inferior parietal lobe is crucially involved in both pantomime and real tool use as well as in the kinematics component of pantomime. The second key finding is the absence of a well-defined neural substrate for the posture component of pantomime (both grip errors and body-part-as-tool responses). The third key finding is the role played by the intraparietal sulcus in both pantomime and imitation of meaningless postures. The fourth key finding is that the left angular gyrus seems to be critical in the production of motor actions directed towards the body. The fifth key finding is that performance on pantomime is strongly correlated with the severity of semantic deficits. Taken together, these findings invite us to offer a neurocognitive model of pantomime, which provides an integrated alternative to the two hypotheses that dominate the field: The gesture-engram hypothesis and the communicative hypothesis. More specifically, this model assumes that technical reasoning (notably the left area PF), the motor-control system (notably the intraparietal sulcus), body structural description (notably the left angular gyrus), semantic knowledge (notably the polar temporal lobes) and potentially theory of mind (notably the middle prefrontal cortex) work in concert to produce pantomime. The original features of this model open new avenues for understanding the neurocognitive bases of pantomime, emphasizing that pantomime is a communicative task that nevertheless originates in specific tool-use (not motor-related) cognitive processes. <Please insert Graphical abstract here>
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Affiliation(s)
- François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA3082), Université Lyon 2, 69676 Bron, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France
| | - Emanuelle Reynaud
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs (EA3082), Université Lyon 2, 69676 Bron, France
| | - Josselin Baumard
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, CRFDP (EA7475), 76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France
| | - Yves Rossetti
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Trajectoires Team, CNRS U5292, Inserm U1028, Université de Lyon, 69676 Bron, France.,Mouvement, Handicap, et Neuro-Immersion, Hospices Civils de Lyon et Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Hôpital Henry Gabrielle, 69230 Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - Angela Bartolo
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France.,Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR9193, SCALab-Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, 59653 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Recherches Intégratives en Neurosciences et Psychologie Cognitive (UR481), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25030 Besançon, France.,MSHE Ledoux, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France
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12
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Schmidt CC, Achilles EIS, Fink GR, Weiss PH. Distinct cognitive components and their neural substrates underlying praxis and language deficits following left hemisphere stroke. Cortex 2021; 146:200-215. [PMID: 34896806 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Apraxia is characterised by multiple deficits of higher motor functions, primarily caused by left hemisphere (LH) lesions to parietal-frontal praxis networks. While previous neuropsychological and lesion studies tried to relate the various apraxic deficits to specific lesion sites, a comprehensive analysis of the different apraxia profiles and the related (impaired) motor-cognitive processes as well as their differential neural substrates in LH stroke is lacking. To reveal the cognitive mechanisms that underlie the different patterns of praxis and (related) language deficits, we applied principal component analysis (PCA) to the scores of sub-acute LH stroke patients (n = 91) in several tests of apraxia and aphasia. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analyses were then used to investigate the neural substrates of the identified components. The PCA yielded a first component related to language functions and three components related to praxis functions, with each component associated with specific lesion patterns. Regarding praxis functions, performance in imitating arm/hand gestures was accounted for by a second component related to the left precentral gyrus and the inferior parietal lobule. Imitating finger configurations, pantomiming the use of objects related to the face, and actually using objects loaded on component 3, related to the left anterior intraparietal sulcus and angular gyrus. The last component represented the imitation of bucco-facial gestures and was linked to the basal ganglia and LH white matter tracts. The results further revealed that pantomime of (limb-related) object use depended on both the component 2 and 3, which were shared with gesture imitation and actual object use. Data support and extend the notion that apraxia represents a multi-componential syndrome comprising different (impaired) motor-cognitive processes, which dissociate - at least partially - from language processes. The distinct components might be disturbed to a varying degree following LH stroke since they are associated with specific lesion patterns within the LH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia C Schmidt
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth I S Achilles
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter H Weiss
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Neurology, Cologne, Germany
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13
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Stoll SEM, Finkel L, Buchmann I, Hassa T, Spiteri S, Liepert J, Randerath J. 100 years after Liepmann-Lesion correlates of diminished selection and application of familiar versus novel tools. Cortex 2021; 146:1-23. [PMID: 34801831 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
100 years ago, Liepmann highlighted the role of left ventro-dorsal lesions for impairments in conceptual (rather ventral) and motor (more dorsal) related aspects of apraxia. Many studies thereafter attributed to an extended left fronto-temporo-parietal network. Yet, to date there are only few studies that looked at apraxic performance in the selection and application of familiar versus novel tools. In the current study we applied modern voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) to analyze neural correlates of impaired selection and application of familiar versus novel tools. 58 left (LBD) and 51 right brain damaged (RBD) stroke patients participated in the Novel Tools Test (NTT) and the Familiar Tools Test (FTT) of the Diagnostic Instrument for Limb Apraxia (DILA-S). We further assessed performance in control tasks, namely semantic knowledge (BOSU), visuo-spatial working memory (Corsi Block Tapping) and meaningless imitation of gestures (IML). Impaired tool use was most pronounced after LBD. Our VLSM results in the LBD group suggested that selection- versus application-related aspects of praxis and semantics of familiar versus novel tool use can be behaviorally and neuro-anatomically differentiated. For impairments in familiar tool tasks, the major focus of lesion maps was rather ventral while deficiencies in novel tool tasks went along with rather dorsal lesions. Affected selection processes were linked to rather anterior lesions, while impacted application processes went along with rather posterior lesion maps. In our study, particular tool selection processes were rather specific for familiar versus novel tools. Foci for lesion overlaps of experimental and control tasks were noticed ventrally for semantic knowledge and FTT, in fronto-parietal regions for working memory and NTT, and ventro-dorsally for imitation of meaningless gestures and the application of NTT and FTT. We visualized our current interpretation within a neuroanatomical model for apraxia of tool use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E M Stoll
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lisa Finkel
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ilka Buchmann
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Rehaklinik Zihlschlacht, Center for Neurological Rehabilitation, Zihlschlacht, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hassa
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Stefan Spiteri
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Joachim Liepert
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Jennifer Randerath
- University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Research at the University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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14
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Baumard J, Le Gall D. The challenge of apraxia: Toward an operational definition? Cortex 2021; 141:66-80. [PMID: 34033988 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of limb apraxia relies mainly on exclusion criteria (e.g., elementary motor or sensory deficits, aphasia). Due to the diversity of apraxia definitions and assessment methods, patients may or may not show apraxia depending on the chosen assessment method or theory, making the definition of apraxia somewhat arbitrary. As a result, "apraxia" may be diagnosed in patients with different cognitive impairments. Based on a quantitative and critical review of the literature, it is argued that this situation has its roots in the evolution from a task-based approach (i.e., the use of gold standard tests to detect apraxia) toward a process-based approach, namely, the deconstruction of the conceptual or production systems of action into multiple cognitive processes: language, executive functions, working memory, semantic memory, body schema, body image, visual-spatial skills, social cognition, visual-kinesthetic engrams, manipulation knowledge, technical reasoning, structural inference, and categorical apprehension. The coexistence of both approaches in the current literature is a major challenge that stands in the way of a scientific definition of apraxia. As a step toward a solution, we suggest to focus on symptoms, and on two complementary definition criteria (in addition with traditional exclusion criteria): Specificity (i.e., is apraxia explained by the alteration of cognitive processes specifically dedicated to gesture production?), and consistency (i.e., is the gesture production impairment consistent across tasks?). Two categories of limb apraxia are proposed: symptomatic apraxia (i.e., gesture production deficits that are secondary to more general cognitive impairments) and idiopathic apraxia (i.e., gesture production deficits that can be observed in isolation). It turns out that the only apraxia subtype that fulfills exclusion, specificity, and consistency criteria is limb-kinetic apraxia. A century after Liepmann's demonstration of the autonomy of apraxia toward language, the autonomy of this syndrome toward the rest of cognition remains an open question, while it poses new challenges to apraxia studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Univ Angers, Université de Nantes, LPPL, SFRCONFLUENCES, F-49000 Angers, France; Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, France
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15
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Mauri I, Zanin V, Aggujaro S, Molteni F, Luzzatti C. The autocracy of meaning: Intact visuo-imitative processes may not compensate for meaningful gestures. Cortex 2021; 138:282-301. [PMID: 33774579 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The dual-route models of action distinguish between a semantic and a non-semantic visuo-motor route to execute different types of gestures. Despite the large amount of evidence in support to the model, some aspects are debated. One issue concerns the recruitment of the visuo-motor route to correctly execute meaningful gestures when the semantic route is damaged. Debated predictions of the dual-route model were investigated in a sample of 32 patients with left hemisphere stroke lesions compared to 27 healthy controls. Group analysis showed that patients were equally impaired on meaningful and meaningless gestures. Single-case analysis demonstrated that most cases were more impaired on meaningful than on meaningless gestures both when they are given in separate lists and when they are intermingled. Impaired performance on the imitation of meaningful gestures in both the separate and mixed list but spared performance on meaningless gestures in the separate list is against the hypothesis that the intact visuo-motor route compensates for damage to the semantic route. These results suggest that the damaged semantic route interferes with the visuo-motor route and prevents the processing of meaningful gestures along the visuo-motor route. Furthermore, an explorative analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between gestures imitation and pantomime of object use on verbal command and between gestures imitation and performance on linguistic tasks. Although no significant correlation emerged, patients with moderate/severe impairment on the AAT performed significantly worse on meaningful, but not on meaningless gestures than patients with mild/minimal language impairment, suggesting that praxis and language systems are independent but dynamically interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Mauri
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
| | - Valeria Zanin
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Aggujaro
- Villa Beretta Rehabilitation Unit, Valduce Hospital, Costamasnaga, LC, Italy
| | - Franco Molteni
- Villa Beretta Rehabilitation Unit, Valduce Hospital, Costamasnaga, LC, Italy
| | - Claudio Luzzatti
- Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; Milan Center for Neuroscience, NeuroMI, Italy
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16
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17
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Using tools effectively despite defective hand posture: A single-case study. Cortex 2020; 129:406-422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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The role of mental imagery in pantomimes of actions towards and away from the body. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020; 85:1408-1417. [PMID: 32451629 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-020-01359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the relationship between action execution and mental rotation modalities. To this end, pantomime gesture (i.e. the mime of the use of an object) was used as its execution relies on imagery processes. Specifically, we tried to clarify the role of visuo-spatial or motor and body-related mental imagery processes in pantomime gestures performed away (AB, e.g. drawing on a sheet) and towards the body (TB, e.g. brushing the teeth). We included an "actual use" condition in which participants were asked to use a toothbrush and make 3, 6, or 9 circular movements close to their mouth (as if they were brushing their teeth) or to use a pencil and make 3, 6, or 9 circular movements on a desk (as if they were drawing circles). Afterwards, participants were asked to pantomime the actual use of the same objects ("pantomime" condition). Finally, they were asked to mentally rotate three different stimuli: hands, faces, and abstract lines. Results showed that participants were faster in AB than TB pantomimes. Moreover, the more accurate and faster the mental rotation of body-related stimuli was, the more similar the temporal duration between both kinds of pantomimes and the actual use of the objects appeared. Instead, the temporal similarity between AB pantomimes and pencil actual use, as well as, the duration of AB pantomime and actual use, were associated with the ability to mentally rotate abstract lines. This was not true for TB movements. These results suggest that the execution of AB and TB pantomimes may involve different mental imagery modalities. Specifically, AB pantomimes would not only require to mentally manipulate images of body-parts in movement but also represent the spatial relations of the object with the external world.
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19
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Effect of test instructions: The example of the pantomime production task. Brain Cogn 2020; 139:105516. [PMID: 31935628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The production of pantomime is a sensible task to detect praxis deficits. It is usually assessed by presenting objects visually or by verbal command. Verbal instructions are given either by providing the name of the object (e.g., "Show me how to use a pen") or by requiring the object function (e.g., "Show me how to write"). These modes of testing are used interchangeably. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the different instructions generate different performances. Fifty-one healthy participants (17-89 years old) were assessed on three pantomime production tasks differing for the instruction given: two with verbal instructions (Pantomime by Name and Pantomime by Function) and one with the object visually presented (Pantomime by Object). Results showed that Pantomime by Function produced the poorest performance and the highest frequency of Body Parts as Tool (BPT) errors, suggesting that the way the instructions are given may determine the performance in a task. Nuances in test instructions could result in misleading outcome.
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20
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A network underlying human higher-order motor control: Insights from machine learning-based lesion-behaviour mapping in apraxia of pantomime. Cortex 2019; 121:308-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Gestures convey different physiological responses when performed toward and away from the body. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12862. [PMID: 31492887 PMCID: PMC6731307 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49318-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the sympathetic and parasympathetic activation associated to the observation of Pantomime (i.e. the mime of the use of a tool) and Intransitive gestures (i.e. expressive) performed toward (e.g. a comb and “thinking”) and away from the body (e.g. key and “come here”) in a group of healthy participants while both pupil dilation (N = 31) and heart rate variability (N = 33; HF-HRV) were recorded. Large pupil dilation was observed in both Pantomime and Intransitive gestures toward the body; whereas an increase of the vagal suppression was observed in Intransitive gestures away from the body but not in those toward the body. Our results suggest that the space where people act when performing a gesture has an impact on the physiological responses of the observer in relation to the type of social communicative information that the gesture direction conveys, from a more intimate (toward the body) to a more interactive one (away from the body).
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Adornetti I, Ferretti F, Chiera A, Wacewicz S, Żywiczyński P, Deriu V, Marini A, Magni R, Casula L, Vicari S, Valeri G. Do Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Understand Pantomimic Events? Front Psychol 2019; 10:1382. [PMID: 31316416 PMCID: PMC6611388 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairments of motor representation of actions have been reported as a core component of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Individuals with ASD have difficulties in a number of functions such as assuming anticipatory postures, imitating body movements, producing and understanding gestures, and recognizing motor intentions. Such cognitive-motor abilities are all involved in pantomime. However, the available evidence on the production and comprehension of pantomime in individuals with ASD is still inconclusive. The current investigation assessed pantomime comprehension in 40 children with high-functioning ASD and 40 children with typical development balanced for age, IQ, level of formal education, and cognitive profile. The participants were asked to watch video recordings of pantomimes representing simple transitive events enacted by actors and match them to the corresponding pictorial representations. Such pantomimes were delivered in two conditions with different levels of information content (i.e., lean or rich). The two groups of children performed similarly on these tasks. Nonetheless, children with ASD who were administered the pantomimes in the lean condition performed worse than participants who were administered the informatively richer pantomimes. The methodological implications for interpretation of previous findings and future studies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Adornetti
- Cosmic Laboratory, Department of Philosophy, Communication and Performing Arts, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferretti
- Cosmic Laboratory, Department of Philosophy, Communication and Performing Arts, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Chiera
- Cosmic Laboratory, Department of Philosophy, Communication and Performing Arts, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Slawomir Wacewicz
- Department of English, Center for Language Evolution Studies CLES, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Przemysław Żywiczyński
- Department of English, Center for Language Evolution Studies CLES, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Valentina Deriu
- Cosmic Laboratory, Department of Philosophy, Communication and Performing Arts, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Marini
- Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, San Vito al Tagliamento, Pordenone, Italy
| | - Rita Magni
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Casula
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Vicari
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Valeri
- Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Ubben SD, Fink GR, Kaesberg S, Kalbe E, Kessler J, Vossel S, Weiss PH. Deficient allo-centric visuospatial processing contributes to apraxic deficits in sub-acute right hemisphere stroke. J Neuropsychol 2019; 14:242-259. [PMID: 31207114 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
While visuospatial deficits are well-characterized cognitive sequelae of right hemisphere (RH) stroke, apraxic deficits in RH stroke remain poorly understood. Likewise, very little is known about the association between apraxic and visuospatial deficits in RH stroke or about the putative common or differential pathophysiology underlying these deficits. Therefore, we examined the behavioural and lesion patterns of apraxic deficits (pantomime of object use and bucco-facial imitation) and visuospatial deficits (line bisection and letter cancellation tasks) in 50 sub-acute RH stroke patients. Using principal component analysis (PCA), we characterized the relationship between the two deficits. We hypothesized that any interaction of these neuropsychological measures may be influenced by the demands of ego-centric/space-based and/or allo-centric/object-based processing. Contralesional visuospatial deficits were common in our clinically representative patient sample, affecting more than half of RH stroke patients. Furthermore, about one-third of all patients demonstrated apraxic deficits. PCA revealed that pantomiming and the imitation of bucco-facial gestures loaded clearly on a first component (PCA1), while letter cancellation loaded heavily on a second component (PCA2). For line bisection, overall mean deviation loaded on PCA1, while the difference between the mean deviations in contra- versus ipsilesional space loaded on PCA2. These results suggest that PCA1 represents allo-centric/object-based processing and PCA2 ego-centric/space-based processing. This interpretation was corroborated by the statistical lesion analyses with the component scores. Data suggest that disturbed allo-centric/object-based processing contributes to apraxic pantomime and imitation deficits in (sub-acute) RH stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon D Ubben
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Gereon R Fink
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Elke Kalbe
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Josef Kessler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simone Vossel
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter H Weiss
- Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-3), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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24
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The – weak – role of memory in tool use: Evidence from neurodegenerative diseases. Neuropsychologia 2019; 129:117-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Osiurak F, Lesourd M, Rossetti Y, Baumard J. Is There Really a Loss of Agency in Patients With Apraxia of Tool Use? Front Psychol 2019; 10:87. [PMID: 30804829 PMCID: PMC6370719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France,*Correspondence: François Osiurak
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives, CNRS, LNC, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France,CNRS, Fédération 3C, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | - Yves Rossetti
- Integrative, Multisensory, Perception, Action, and Cognition Team, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM-CNRS-Université de Lyon, Rhône-Alpes, France,Mouvement, Handicap et Neuro-Immersion, Hospices Civils de Lyon et Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Rhône-Alpes, France
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26
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Finkel L, Hogrefe K, Frey SH, Goldenberg G, Randerath J. It takes two to pantomime: Communication meets motor cognition. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 19:1008-1017. [PMID: 30003038 PMCID: PMC6039835 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
For over a century, pantomime of tool use has been employed to diagnose limb apraxia, a disorder of motor cognition primarily induced by left brain damage. While research consistently implicates damage to a left fronto-temporo-parietal network in limb apraxia, findings are inconsistent regarding the impact of damage to anterior versus posterior nodes within this network on pantomime. Complicating matters is the fact that tool use pantomime can be affected and evaluated at multiple levels. For instance, the production of tool use gestures requires the consideration of semantic characteristics (e.g. how to communicate the action intention) as well as motor features (e.g. forming grip and movement). Together, these factors may contribute substantially to apparent discrepancies in previously reported findings regarding neural correlates of tool use pantomime. In the current study, 67 stroke patients with unilateral left-brain damage performed a classic pantomime task. In order to analyze different error characteristics, we evaluated the proper use of grip and movement for each pantomime. For certain objects, healthy subjects may use body parts as representative for the object, e.g. use of the fingers to indicate scissors blades. To specify the pathological use of body parts as the object (BPO) we only assessed pantomime items that were not prone to this response in healthy participants. We performed modern voxel-based lesion analyses on MRI or CT data to determine associations between brain injury and the frequency of the specific types of pantomime errors. Our results support a model in which anterior and posterior nodes of the left fronto-temporo-parietal network contribute differentially to pantomime of tool use. More precisely, damage in the inferior frontal cortex reaching to the temporal pole is associated with an increased frequency of BPO errors, whereas damage to the inferior parietal lobe is predominantly linked to an increased frequency of movement and/or grip errors. Our work suggests that the validity of attempts to specify the neural correlates of limb apraxia based on tool use pantomime depends on differentiating the specific types of errors committed. We conclude that successful tool use pantomime involves dissociable functions with communicative aspects represented in more anterior (rather ventral) regions and motor-cognitive aspects in more posterior (rather dorsal) nodes of a left fronto-temporo-parietal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Finkel
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany; Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Health Research, Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | | | - Scott H Frey
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, USA
| | - Georg Goldenberg
- Technical University Munich, Germany; Medical Practice for Cognitive Neurology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jennifer Randerath
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Germany; Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation Science and Health Research, Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany.
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Abstract
Limb apraxia is a heterogeneous disorder of skilled action and tool use that has long perplexed clinicians and researchers. It occurs after damage to various loci in a densely interconnected network of regions in the left temporal, parietal, and frontal lobes. Historically, a highly classificatory approach to the study of apraxia documented numerous patterns of performance related to two major apraxia subtypes: ideational and ideomotor apraxia. More recently, there have been advances in our understanding of the functional neuroanatomy and connectivity of the left-hemisphere "tool use network," and the patterns of performance that emerge from lesions to different loci within this network. This chapter focuses on the left inferior parietal lobe, and its role in tool and body representation, action prediction, and action selection, and how these functions relate to the deficits seen in patients with apraxia subsequent to parietal lesions. Finally, suggestions are offered for several future directions that will benefit the study of apraxia, including increased attention to research on rehabilitation of this disabling disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel J Buxbaum
- Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, PA, United States.
| | - Jennifer Randerath
- Motor Cognition Group, Clinical Neuropsychology and Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation and Health Sciences, University of Konstanz, Konstanz; and Schmieder Foundation for Sciences and Research, Allensbach, Germany
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Lesourd M, Budriesi C, Osiurak F, Nichelli PF, Bartolo A. Mechanical knowledge does matter to tool use even when assessed with a non-production task: Evidence from left brain-damaged patients. J Neuropsychol 2017; 13:198-213. [DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082); Lyon University; Bron France
| | - Carla Budriesi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Italy
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Italy
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratory for the Study of Cognitive Mechanisms (EA 3082); Lyon University; Bron France
- Institut Universitaire de France; Paris France
| | - Paolo F. Nichelli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Italy
- Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology; University of Modena and Reggio Emilia; Italy
| | - Angela Bartolo
- Institut Universitaire de France; Paris France
- Cognitive and Affective Sciences Laboratory (SCALab) CNRS UMR 9193; CHU; Lille University; Lille France
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Rethinking the Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Pantomime of Tool Use: Evidence from Alzheimer's Disease and Semantic Dementia. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2017; 23:128-138. [PMID: 28205493 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617716000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pantomiming the use of familiar tools is a central test in the assessment of apraxia. However, surprisingly, the nature of the underlying cognitive mechanisms remains an unresolved issue. The aim of this study is to shed a new light on this issue by exploring the role of functional, mechanical, and manipulation knowledge in patients with Alzheimer's disease and semantic dementia and apraxia of tool use. METHODS We performed multiple regression analyses with the global performance and the nature of errors (i.e., production and conception) made during a pantomime of tool use task in patients and control participants as dependent variables and tasks investigating functional, mechanical, and manipulation knowledge as predictors. RESULTS We found that mechanical problem solving, assessing mechanical knowledge, was a good predictor of the global performance of pantomime of tool use. We also found that occurrence of conception errors was robustly predicted by the task assessing functional knowledge whereas that of production errors was not explained by only one predictor. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that both functional and mechanical knowledge are important to pantomime the use of tools. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that mechanical knowledge plays a role in pantomime of tool use. Although impairment in pantomime of tool use tasks (i.e., apraxia) is widely explained by the disruption of manipulation knowledge, we propose that pantomime of tool use is a complex problem-solving task. (JINS, 2017, 23, 128-138).
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Baumard J, Lesourd M, Jarry C, Merck C, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Chauviré V, Belliard S, Moreaud O, Croisile B, Osiurak F, Le Gall D. Tool use disorders in neurodegenerative diseases: Roles of semantic memory and technical reasoning. Cortex 2016; 82:119-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mantovani-Nagaoka J, Ortiz KZ. The influence of age, gender and education on the performance of healthy individuals on a battery for assessing limb apraxia. Dement Neuropsychol 2016; 10:232-236. [PMID: 29213460 PMCID: PMC5642420 DOI: 10.1590/s1980-5764-2016dn1003010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Apraxia is defined as a disorder of learned skilled movements, in the absence of
elementary motor or sensory deficits and general cognitive impairment, such as
inattention to commands, object-recognition deficits or poor oral comprehension.
Limb apraxia has long been a challenge for clinical assessment and understanding
and covers a wide spectrum of disorders, all involving motor cognition and the
inability to perform previously learned actions. Demographic variables such as
gender, age, and education can influence the performance of individuals on
different neuropsychological tests. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of healthy subjects on a limb
apraxia battery and to determine the influence of gender, age, and education on
the praxis skills assessed. Methods: Forty-four subjects underwent a limb apraxia battery, which was composed of
numerous subtests for assessing both the semantic aspects of gestural production
as well as motor performance itself. The tasks encompassed lexical-semantic
aspects related to gestural production and motor activity in response to verbal
commands and imitation. Results: We observed no gender effects on any of the subtests. Only the subtest involving
visual recognition of transitive gestures showed a correlation between performance
and age. However, we observed that education level influenced subject performance
for all sub tests involving motor actions, and for most of these, moderate
correlations were observed between education level and performance of the praxis
tasks. Conclusion: We conclude that the education level of participants can have an important
influence on the outcome of limb apraxia tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Mantovani-Nagaoka
- Speech Therapist, Master in Sciences, Department of Human Communication Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karin Zazo Ortiz
- Specialist, Master, and PhD in Human Communication Disorders. Postdoctoral fellow in Neuroscience. Associate Professor, Department of Human Communication Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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33
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Pinto S, Chong Y, García R, Almeida A, Perea MV, Ladera V. Gestural praxis in young adults with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2016; 60:523-536. [PMID: 26936684 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Praxis functioning in the population with intellectual disabilities (ID) has been poorly studied. The goal of this research was to look for a starting point to study the praxic functioning in young adults with mild to moderate ID. METHOD Thirty young adults with ID and 30 young adults without ID, between the ages of 18 and 35 years, participated in this study. All participants completed tests that assessed gestural praxis. RESULTS It was possible to observe similar praxis behaviour in the group with ID in almost all domains studied, albeit showing statistical values lower than those of the group without ID. DISCUSSIONS Despite the high number of errors committed, the sample of participants with ID was able to reach the goal of praxic tasks performed; such errors may be associated with a deficit in the development of various brain functions and not only with praxis functioning, mainly related to a lower yield in terms of planning, monitoring and correcting intentional movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pinto
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, ISMAI - University Institute of Maia, Portugal
| | - Y Chong
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, ISMAI - University Institute of Maia, Portugal
| | - R García
- School of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - A Almeida
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, ISMAI - University Institute of Maia, Portugal
| | - M V Perea
- School of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - V Ladera
- School of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Spain
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34
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Masson-Carro I, Goudbeek M, Krahmer E. Can you handle this? The impact of object affordances on how co-speech gestures are produced. LANGUAGE, COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE 2016; 31:430-440. [PMID: 27226970 PMCID: PMC4867791 DOI: 10.1080/23273798.2015.1108448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hand gestures are tightly coupled with speech and with action. Hence, recent accounts have emphasised the idea that simulations of spatio-motoric imagery underlie the production of co-speech gestures. In this study, we suggest that action simulations directly influence the iconic strategies used by speakers to translate aspects of their mental representations into gesture. Using a classic referential paradigm, we investigate how speakers respond gesturally to the affordances of objects, by comparing the effects of describing objects that afford action performance (such as tools) and those that do not, on gesture production. Our results suggest that affordances play a key role in determining the amount of representational (but not non-representational) gestures produced by speakers, and the techniques chosen to depict such objects. To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically show a connection between object characteristics and representation techniques in spontaneous gesture production during the depiction of static referents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Masson-Carro
- Tilburg Centre for Cognition and Communication (TiCC), University of Tilburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Goudbeek
- Tilburg Centre for Cognition and Communication (TiCC), University of Tilburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel Krahmer
- Tilburg Centre for Cognition and Communication (TiCC), University of Tilburg, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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35
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Vanbellingen T, Schumacher R, Eggenberger N, Hopfner S, Cazzoli D, Preisig BC, Bertschi M, Nyffeler T, Gutbrod K, Bassetti CL, Bohlhalter S, Müri RM. Different visual exploration of tool-related gestures in left hemisphere brain damaged patients is associated with poor gestural imitation. Neuropsychologia 2015; 71:158-64. [PMID: 25841335 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
According to the direct matching hypothesis, perceived movements automatically activate existing motor components through matching of the perceived gesture and its execution. The aim of the present study was to test the direct matching hypothesis by assessing whether visual exploration behavior correlate with deficits in gestural imitation in left hemisphere damaged (LHD) patients. Eighteen LHD patients and twenty healthy control subjects took part in the study. Gesture imitation performance was measured by the test for upper limb apraxia (TULIA). Visual exploration behavior was measured by an infrared eye-tracking system. Short videos including forty gestures (20 meaningless and 20 communicative gestures) were presented. Cumulative fixation duration was measured in different regions of interest (ROIs), namely the face, the gesturing hand, the body, and the surrounding environment. Compared to healthy subjects, patients fixated significantly less the ROIs comprising the face and the gesturing hand during the exploration of emblematic and tool-related gestures. Moreover, visual exploration of tool-related gestures significantly correlated with tool-related imitation as measured by TULIA in LHD patients. Patients and controls did not differ in the visual exploration of meaningless gestures, and no significant relationships were found between visual exploration behavior and the imitation of emblematic and meaningless gestures in TULIA. The present study thus suggests that altered visual exploration may lead to disturbed imitation of tool related gestures, however not of emblematic and meaningless gestures. Consequently, our findings partially support the direct matching hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Vanbellingen
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland; Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Schumacher
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland; Division of Cognitive and Restorative Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Noëmi Eggenberger
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simone Hopfner
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
| | - Dario Cazzoli
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Basil C Preisig
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Bertschi
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Nyffeler
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland; Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Switzerland
| | - Klemens Gutbrod
- Division of Cognitive and Restorative Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudio L Bassetti
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bohlhalter
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland; Neurology and Neurorehabilitation Center, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Switzerland
| | - René M Müri
- Perception and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Clinical Research, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland; Division of Cognitive and Restorative Neurology, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Switzerland; Gerontechnology and Rehabilitation Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Cognition, Learning and Memory, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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36
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The ventral fiber pathway for pantomime of object use. Neuroimage 2015; 106:252-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Weiss PH, Ubben SD, Kaesberg S, Kalbe E, Kessler J, Liebig T, Fink GR. Where language meets meaningful action: a combined behavior and lesion analysis of aphasia and apraxia. Brain Struct Funct 2014; 221:563-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0925-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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The cognitive models of limb apraxia and the specific properties of meaningful gestures. Cortex 2014; 57:297-8; discussion 306-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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39
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Baumard J, Osiurak F, Lesourd M, Le Gall D. Tool use disorders after left brain damage. Front Psychol 2014; 5:473. [PMID: 24904487 PMCID: PMC4033127 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we review studies that investigated tool use disorders in left-brain damaged (LBD) patients over the last 30 years. Four tasks are classically used in the field of apraxia: Pantomime of tool use, single tool use, real tool use and mechanical problem solving. Our aim was to address two issues, namely, (1) the role of mechanical knowledge in real tool use and (2) the cognitive mechanisms underlying pantomime of tool use, a task widely employed by clinicians and researchers. To do so, we extracted data from 36 papers and computed the difference between healthy subjects and LBD patients. On the whole, pantomime of tool use is the most difficult task and real tool use is the easiest one. Moreover, associations seem to appear between pantomime of tool use, real tool use and mechanical problem solving. These results suggest that the loss of mechanical knowledge is critical in LBD patients, even if all of those tasks (and particularly pantomime of tool use) might put differential demands on semantic memory and working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Baumard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Université d'Angers Angers, France
| | - François Osiurak
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Institut de Psychologie, Université Lyon 2 Bron, France
| | - Mathieu Lesourd
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Institut de Psychologie, Université Lyon 2 Bron, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Université d'Angers Angers, France ; Unité de Neuropsychologie, Département de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers Angers, France
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40
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Pritchard M, Cocks N, Dipper L. Iconic gesture in normal language and word searching conditions: a case of conduction aphasia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2013; 15:524-534. [PMID: 23534389 DOI: 10.3109/17549507.2012.712157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although there is a substantive body of research about the language used by individuals with aphasia, relatively little is known about their spontaneous iconic gesture. A single case study of LT, an individual with conduction aphasia indicated qualitative differences between the spontaneous iconic gestures produced alongside fluent speech and in tip of the tongue states. The current study examined the iconic gestures produced by another individual with conduction aphasia, WT, and a group of 11 control participants. Comparisons were made between iconic gestures produced alongside normal language and those produced alongside word-searching behaviour. Participants recounted the Tweety and Sylvester cartoon Canary Row. All gesture produced was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively. WT produced more iconic gestures than controls accompanying word searching behaviour, whereas he produced a similar frequency of iconic gestures to control participants alongside normal language. The iconic gestures produced in the two language contexts also differed qualitatively. Frequency of iconic gesture production was not affected by limb apraxia. This study suggests that there are differences between iconic gestures that are produced alongside normal language and those produced alongside word-searching behaviour. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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41
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Mol L, Krahmer E, van de Sandt-Koenderman M. Gesturing by speakers with aphasia: how does it compare? JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2013; 56:1224-1236. [PMID: 23275428 DOI: 10.1044/1092-4388(2012/11-0159)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the independence of gesture and verbal language production. The authors assessed whether gesture can be semantically compensatory in cases of verbal language impairment and whether speakers with aphasia and control participants use similar depiction techniques in gesture. METHOD The informativeness of gesture was assessed in 3 forced-choice studies, in which raters assessed the topic of the speaker's message in video clips of 13 speakers with moderate aphasia and 12 speakers with severe aphasia, who were performing a communication test (the Scenario Test). Both groups were compared and contrasted with 17 control participants, who either were or were not allowed to communicate verbally. In addition, the representation techniques used in gesture were analyzed. RESULTS Gestures produced by speakers with more severe aphasia were less informative than those by speakers with moderate aphasia, yet they were not necessarily uninformative. Speakers with more severe aphasia also tended to use fewer representation techniques (mostly relying on outlining gestures) in co-speech gesture than control participants, who were asked to use gesture instead of speech. It is important to note that limb apraxia may be a mediating factor here. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that in aphasia, gesture tends to degrade with verbal language. This may imply that the processes underlying verbal language and co-speech gesture production, although partly separate, are closely linked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisette Mol
- Tilburg Center for Cognition and Communication, Tilburg University, the Netherlands.
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42
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Lexical and gestural symbols in left-damaged patients. Cortex 2013; 49:1668-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Andric M, Solodkin A, Buccino G, Goldin-Meadow S, Rizzolatti G, Small SL. Brain function overlaps when people observe emblems, speech, and grasping. Neuropsychologia 2013; 51:1619-29. [PMID: 23583968 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A hand grasping a cup or gesturing "thumbs-up", while both manual actions, have different purposes and effects. Grasping directly affects the cup, whereas gesturing "thumbs-up" has an effect through an implied verbal (symbolic) meaning. Because grasping and emblematic gestures ("emblems") are both goal-oriented hand actions, we pursued the hypothesis that observing each should evoke similar activity in neural regions implicated in processing goal-oriented hand actions. However, because emblems express symbolic meaning, observing them should also evoke activity in regions implicated in interpreting meaning, which is most commonly expressed in language. Using fMRI to test this hypothesis, we had participants watch videos of an actor performing emblems, speaking utterances matched in meaning to the emblems, and grasping objects. Our results show that lateral temporal and inferior frontal regions respond to symbolic meaning, even when it is expressed by a single hand action. In particular, we found that left inferior frontal and right lateral temporal regions are strongly engaged when people observe either emblems or speech. In contrast, we also replicate and extend previous work that implicates parietal and premotor responses in observing goal-oriented hand actions. For hand actions, we found that bilateral parietal and premotor regions are strongly engaged when people observe either emblems or grasping. These findings thus characterize converging brain responses to shared features (e.g., symbolic or manual), despite their encoding and presentation in different stimulus modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Andric
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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44
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Walther S, Vanbellingen T, Müri R, Strik W, Bohlhalter S. Impaired pantomime in schizophrenia: Association with frontal lobe function. Cortex 2013; 49:520-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2011.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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45
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Manuel AL, Radman N, Mesot D, Chouiter L, Clarke S, Annoni JM, Spierer L. Inter- and Intrahemispheric Dissociations in Ideomotor Apraxia: A Large-Scale Lesion–Symptom Mapping Study in Subacute Brain-Damaged Patients. Cereb Cortex 2012; 23:2781-9. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhs280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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Randerath J, Martin KR, Frey SH. Are tool properties always processed automatically? The role of tool use context and task complexity. Cortex 2012; 49:1679-93. [PMID: 23026760 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous work with healthy adults supports the idea that perception of the orientation of a tool's handle may automatically activate cognitive components for grasping and use. An important source of evidence for this automatic activation view comes from studies showing interference when automatically activated action representations are inconsistent with the behaviors demanded by a task (e.g., Tucker and Ellis, 1998). Here, we evaluated whether such effects occur in a grip selection task in which responses were chosen based on a learned rule (Rule task) versus anticipatory planning (Plan task). Participants were asked to pantomime grasping horizontally presented objects with handles. In the Rule task, a color cue indicated on which side of the tool's handle the thumb had to be placed. In the Plan task, participants had to choose the most comfortable way to grasp and rotate the object into a specific end-position. Across three experiments we found evidence of interference on grip selection exclusively during the Rule task, and only when it was preceded by a prime task that involved tool use. These findings suggest that prior activation of cognitive components through use of tools can be effective over time and interferes with grip selection based on use of a pre-learned rule. Absence of interference effects during the plan task, even when preceded by the Use task, suggest that engagement of similar mechanisms during active planning overwrites this automatic activation of previously effective components. Possible cognitive and neural mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Randerath
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211-3470, USA.
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47
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Marshall J, Best W, Cocks N, Cruice M, Pring T, Bulcock G, Creek G, Eales N, Mummery AL, Matthews N, Caute A. Gesture and naming therapy for people with severe aphasia: a group study. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2012; 55:726-738. [PMID: 22337498 DOI: 10.1044/1092-4388(2011/11-0219)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, the authors (a) investigated whether a group of people with severe aphasia could learn a vocabulary of pantomime gestures through therapy and (b) compared their learning of gestures with their learning of words. The authors also examined whether gesture therapy cued word production and whether naming therapy cued gestures. METHOD Fourteen people with severe aphasia received 15 hr of gesture and naming treatments. Evaluations comprised repeated measures of gesture and word production, comparing treated and untreated items. RESULTS Baseline measures were stable but improved significantly following therapy. Across the group, improvements in naming were greater than improvements in gesture. This trend was evident in most individuals' results, although 3 participants made better progress in gesture. Gains were item specific, and there was no evidence of cross-modality cueing. Items that received gesture therapy did not improve in naming, and items that received naming therapy did not improve in gesture. CONCLUSIONS Results show that people with severe aphasia can respond to gesture and naming therapies. Given the unequal gains, naming may be a more productive therapy target than gesture for many (although not all) individuals with severe aphasia. The communicative benefits of therapy were not examined but are addressed in a follow-up article.
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From pantomime to actual use: How affordances can facilitate actual tool-use. Neuropsychologia 2011; 49:2410-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bohlhalter S, Vanbellingen T, Bertschi M, Wurtz P, Cazzoli D, Nyffeler T, Hess CW, Müri R. Interference with gesture production by theta burst stimulation over left inferior frontal cortex. Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 122:1197-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2010.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2010] [Revised: 11/06/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Stieglitz Ham H, Bartolo A, Corley M, Rajendran G, Szabo A, Swanson S. Exploring the relationship between gestural recognition and imitation: evidence of dyspraxia in autism spectrum disorders. J Autism Dev Disord 2011; 41:1-12. [PMID: 20407815 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-010-1011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the relationship between gesture recognition and imitation was explored. Nineteen individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) were compared to a control group of 23 typically developing children on their ability to imitate and recognize three gesture types (transitive, intransitive, and pantomimes). The ASD group performed more poorly than controls on all tasks of recognition and imitation. Higher performance on tests of working memory was associated with increased odds of successful imitation in both groups. Group differences remained even when working memory was statistically controlled for. An association was revealed in the ASD group between pantomime recognition and imitation but a similar association was not identified for intransitive gestures suggesting that recognition alone is not sufficient for imitation success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Stieglitz Ham
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, EH8 9JZ, Edinburgh, UK.
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