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Dumont R, Dowdell J, Song J, Li J, Wang S, Kang W, Li B. Control of charge transport in electronically active systems towards integrated biomolecular circuits (IbC). J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8302-8314. [PMID: 37464922 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00701d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
The miniaturization of traditional silicon-based electronics will soon reach its limitation as quantum tunneling and heat become serious problems at the several-nanometer scale. Crafting integrated circuits via self-assembly of electronically active molecules using a "bottom-up" paradigm provides a potential solution to these technological challenges. In particular, integrated biomolecular circuits (IbC) offer promising advantages to achieve this goal, as nature offers countless examples of functionalities entailed by self-assembly and examples of controlling charge transport at the molecular level within the self-assembled structures. To this end, the review summarizes the progress in understanding how charge transport is regulated in biosystems and the key redox-active amino acids that enable the charge transport. In addition, charge transport mechanisms at different length scales are also reviewed, offering key insights for controlling charge transport in IbC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Dumont
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
| | - Juwaan Dowdell
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
| | - Jisoo Song
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
| | - Jiani Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Suwan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
| | - Wei Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Centre for Smart Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.
- Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology, Ningbo, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kennesaw State University, Marietta, GA, USA.
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Morais ATDB, Morais STB, Feitor JF, Santos WG, Gomes da Silva Catunda L, Walkling-Ribeiro M, Ahrne L, Cardoso DR. Impact of Physicochemical Modifications in Casein Promoted by UV-C on the Peptide Profile of Gastric Digestion and the Transepithelial Transport of Peptides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7495-7507. [PMID: 37157171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Caseins are the main proteins in milk, and their structure and spatial conformation are responsible for their slow digestion rate. The release of bioactive and β-casomorphin peptides from casein digestion may induce allergic responses during consumption. Spectroscopic techniques were used to observe the structural changes in casein conformation induced by Ultraviolet light irradiation (UV-C). Raman spectroscopy results showed more pronounced peaks at 618 and 640 cm-1 for phenylalanine and tyrosine moieties of the photolyzed micellar casein, respectively, suggesting changes in the micelle structure. The decrease in the intensity of Raman signals for tryptophan and tyrosine corroborates to the UV-C-induced modifications of the micelle structure. Particle size distribution showed a decrease in the average micelle size after 15 min of UV-C exposure, while low-temperature, long-time (LTLT) pasteurization led to the formation of large aggregates, as observed by atomic force microscopy. UV-C did not impact the formation or transport of peptides, as observed by using the Caco-2 cell as a model for peptide absorption. However, the absence of the opioid peptide SRYPSY from κ-casein and only 20% of the concentration of opioid peptide RYLGY were noted. This work demonstrated that UV-C can be utilized to induce the physicochemical modification of dairy products, promoting a higher digestion rate and reducing allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Teixeira do Brasil Morais
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sinara T B Morais
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jessica F Feitor
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Willy Glen Santos
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Lucas Gomes da Silva Catunda
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Markus Walkling-Ribeiro
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Lilia Ahrne
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Daniel R Cardoso
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenue Trabalhador São Carlense 400, CP 780, 13560-470 São Carlos, Brazil
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Houée-Levin C, Bobrowski K. The use of the methods of radiolysis to explore the mechanisms of free radical modifications in proteins. J Proteomics 2013; 92:51-62. [PMID: 23454334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The method of radiolysis is based upon the interaction of ionising radiation with the solvent (water). One can form the same free radicals as in conditions of oxidative stress ((•)OH, O2(•)(-), NO2(•)…). Moreover, the quantity of reactive oxygen (ROS) or nitrogen (RNS) species formed in the irradiated medium can be calculated knowing the dose and the radiation chemical yield, G, thus this method is quantitative. The use of the method of radiolysis has provided a wealth of data, especially about the kinetics of the oxidation by various free radicals and their mechanisms, the identification of transients formed, their lifetimes and the possibility to repair them by the so-called antioxidants. In this review we have collected the most recent data about protein oxidation that might be useful to a proteomic approach. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Posttranslational Protein modifications in biology and Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Houée-Levin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, Université Paris Sud, (France), also at CNRS, France
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Joshi R, Mukherjee T. Effect of ionic micellar medium on kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of bovine serum albumin: A pulse radiolysis study. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ghosh BC, Deb N, Mukherjee AK. Determination of Individual Proton Affinities of Reserpine from Its UV−Vis and Charge-Transfer Spectra. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:6929-35. [DOI: 10.1021/jp802082y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nipamanjari Deb
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, India
| | - Asok K. Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, India
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Joshi R, Kumar S, Unnikrishnan M, Mukherjee T. Free radical scavenging reactions of sulfasalazine, 5-aminosalicylic acid and sulfapyridine: mechanistic aspects and antioxidant activity. Free Radic Res 2006; 39:1163-72. [PMID: 16298742 DOI: 10.1080/10715760500177880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of sulfasalazine (SAZ) and its metabolites, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and sulfapyridine (SP), with various oxidizing and reducing free radicals (hydroxyl, haloperoxyl, one-electron oxidizing, lipid peroxyl, glutathiyl, superoxide, tryptophanyl, etc.) have been studied to understand the mechanistic aspects of its action against free radicals produced during inflammation. Nanosecond pulse radiolysis technique coupled with transient spectrophotometry has been used for in situ generation of free radicals and to follow their reaction pathways. The transients produced in these reactions have been assigned and radical scavenging rate constants have been measured. In addition to scavenging of various primary and secondary free radicals by SAZ, 5-ASA and SP, 5-ASA has also been observed to efficiently scavenge radicals of biomolecules. 5-ASA has been found to be the active moiety of SAZ involved in the scavenging of oxidizing free radicals whereas reduction of SAZ produced molecular radical anion. The study suggests that free radical scavenging activity of 5-ASA may be a major path of pharmacological action of SAZ against inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Joshi
- Radiation Chemistry & Chemical Dynamics Division, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India.
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Goldstein S, Samuni A. Intra- and intermolecular oxidation of oxymyoglobin and oxyhemoglobin induced by hydroxyl and carbonate radicals. Free Radic Biol Med 2005; 39:511-9. [PMID: 16043022 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2005] [Revised: 04/03/2005] [Accepted: 04/04/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the reactions of myoglobin and hemoglobin with *OH and CO3*- in the presence of oxygen was studied using pulse and gamma-radiolysis. Unlike *NO2, which adds to the porphyrin iron, *OH and CO3*- form globin radicals. These secondary radicals oxidize the Fe(II) center through both intra- and intermolecular processes. The intermolecular pathway was further demonstrated when BSA radicals derived from *OH or CO3*- oxidized oxyhemoglobin and oxymyoglobin to their respective ferric states. The oxidation yields obtained by pulse radiolysis were lower compared to gamma-radiolysis, where the contribution of radical-radical reactions is negligible. Full oxidation yields by *OH-derived globin radicals could be achieved only at relatively high concentrations of the heme protein mainly via an intermolecular pathway. It is suggested that CO3*- reaction with the protein yields Tyr and/or Trp-derived phenoxyl radicals, which solely oxidize the porphyrin iron under gamma-radiolysis conditions. The *OH particularly adds to aromatic residues, which can undergo elimination of H2O forming the phenoxyl radical, and/or react rapidly with O2 yielding peroxyl radicals. The peroxyl radical can oxidize a neighboring porphyrin iron and/or give rise to superoxide, which neither oxidize nor reduce the porphyrin iron. The potential physiological implications of this chemistry are that hemoglobin and myoglobin, being present at relatively high concentrations, can detoxify highly oxidizing radicals yielding the respective ferric states, which are not toxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Goldstein
- Department of Physical Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
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Joshi R, Kumar MS, Satyamoorthy K, Unnikrisnan MK, Mukherjee T. Free radical reactions and antioxidant activities of sesamol: pulse radiolytic and biochemical studies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2005; 53:2696-2703. [PMID: 15796613 DOI: 10.1021/jf0489769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Sesamol (from Sesamum indicum) is a dietary compound, which is soluble in aqueous as well as lipid phases. Free radical scavenging reactions of sesamol, 5-hydroxy-1,3-benzodioxole, have been studied using a nanosecond pulse radiolysis technique. Sesamol efficiently scavenges hydroxyl, one-electron oxidizing, organo-haloperoxyl, lipid peroxyl, and tryptophanyl radicals. Its antioxidant activity has also been evaluated with cyclic voltammetry. In biochemical studies, it has been found to inhibit lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl radical-induced deoxyribose degradation, and DNA cleavage. These antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of sesamol have been reported in the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Joshi
- Radiation Chemistry & Chemical Dynamics Division, Chemistry Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Sicard-Roselli C, Lemaire S, Jacquot JP, Favaudon V, Marchand C, Houée-Levin C. Thioredoxin Ch1 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii displays an unusual resistance toward one-electron oxidation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 271:3481-7. [PMID: 15317583 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.2004.04279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To test thioredoxin resistance to oxidizing free radicals, we have studied the one-electron oxidation of wild-type thioredoxin and of two forms with the point mutations D30A and W35A, using azide radicals generated by gamma-ray or pulse radiolysis. The oxidation patterns of wild-type thioredoxin and D30A are similar. In these forms, Trp35 is the primary target and is 'repaired' by one-electron reduction; first by intramolecular electron transfer from tyrosine, and then from other residues. Conversely, during oxidation of W35A, Trp13 is poorly reactive. For all proteins, activity is conserved showing an unusual resistance toward oxidation.
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Joshi R, Mukherjee T. Effect of solvent viscosity, polarity and pH on the charge transfer between tryptophan radical and tyrosine in bovine serum albumin: a pulse radiolysis study. Biophys Chem 2003; 103:89-98. [PMID: 12504257 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-4622(02)00234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effect of viscosity, solvent polarity and pH of the medium on the reaction of a protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), with organohalo-peroxyl radical in aqueous solution has been studied using pulse radiolysis technique. Unlike in dilute aqueous solution, electron transfer from tyrosine to tryptophan radical in BSA has been clearly observed at a viscosity of 7.7 centiPoise (cP). The oxidation of BSA, tryptophan and tyrosine in different media has also been compared with those taking place in dilute aqueous solution. The effect of solvent characteristics on the observed charge transfer has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Joshi
- Radiation Chemistry & Chemical Dynamics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India
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