1
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Borenstein-Levin L, Makhoul S, Ilivitzki A, Zreik M, Hochwald O, Makhoul JS, Kugelman A, Makhoul IR. Neonatal frontal lobe: sonographic reference values and suggested clinical use. Pediatr Res 2020; 87:536-540. [PMID: 31600773 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0605-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHHC) remain major problems among premature infants. The need, timing and type of ventricular drainage are based on sonographic ventricular measures, without assessment of the dimensions of the frontal lobe. The aim of our study was to establish new reference values for sonographic frontal lobe cortico-ventricular thickness (FL-CVT) in a large cohort of infants. METHODS All normal head ultrasound scans that were performed in our center during the first 4 days of life between January 2014 and December 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS Scans were evaluated and plotted to create a reference range for the thickness of the frontal lobe in normal infants of 24-40 weeks' gestation. The FL-CVT increased significantly during gestation. Calculating the area under the curve of the FL-CVT in 9 infants with post-hemorrhagic-hydrocephalus (PHHC) reveals a 20% mean loss of FL-CVT. The impact of increasing ventricular dilatation and of the various ventricular drainage procedures on the frontal lobe growth were described in two infants demonstrating the potential clinical value of this tool. CONCLUSIONS Head ultrasound provides a simple, non-invasive method for measuring the thickness of the frontal lobe, which grows significantly between 24 and 40 weeks' gestation. In premature infants with PHHC, we suggest the use of the FL-CVT measure, in addition to ventricular size measures, as a direct assessment of the impact of the enlarged ventricles on the surrounding brain parenchyma. This could assist in the management of PHHC and determine the need and optimal timing for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liron Borenstein-Levin
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. .,Neonatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Shada Makhoul
- Alpha Project for Gifted High School Students, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anat Ilivitzki
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Pediatric Imaging Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Merna Zreik
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Ori Hochwald
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Neonatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Joanne S Makhoul
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Amir Kugelman
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Neonatology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Imad R Makhoul
- Research Unit, Nazareth Hospital, Nazareth, Israel.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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2
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Mills M, Pelling V, Harris LM, Smith J, Aiton N, Rabe H, Fernandez-Alvarez JR. Comparison of MRI and neurosonogram 1- and 2-dimensional morphological measurements of the newborn corpus callosum. Pediatr Res 2019; 86:355-359. [PMID: 30965354 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental abnormalities of the corpus callosum (CC) are linked to multiple neuro-developmental disorders, for which neonatal neuroimaging may allow earlier diagnosis and intervention. MRI is often considered the most sensitive imaging modality to white matter changes, while neurosonogram (NS) remains the clinical staple. This study assesses the correlation between MRI and US measurements of the neonatal CC using a protocol derived from established methodologies. METHODS MR and NS images from an existing cohort of term infants (≥37 weeks gestational age) were studied. Length and area measurements of the CC made with linear (LUS) and phased array US (PUS) data were compared to those from MRI. Intra-observer reliabilities were estimated. RESULTS Moderate-to-strong correlation strengths were observed for length measurements and the total area of the CC. Sectional area measurements showed poorer correlations. Bland-Altman plots support improved correspondence of length and total area measurements. LUS data appeared to correspond closer to MRI. All three modalities showed comparable repeatability. CONCLUSION NS correlates well with some MRI measurements of the CC and shows similar levels of repeatability, making them possibly interchangeable. Use of LUS, a technique rarely used for NS, may be preferable to the standard approach for morphological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mills
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK.
| | - Vincent Pelling
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Lisa M Harris
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Joely Smith
- Department of Imaging, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Neil Aiton
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.,Department of Neonatology, Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Heike Rabe
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.,Department of Neonatology, Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Jose Ramon Fernandez-Alvarez
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.,Department of Neonatology, Brighton & Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton, UK
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3
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Measurement of lateral ventricle volume of normal infant based on magnetic resonance imaging. Chin Neurosurg J 2019; 5:9. [PMID: 32922909 PMCID: PMC7398218 DOI: 10.1186/s41016-019-0156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many neurophysiological diseases during infancy stage are associated with the morphology and size of the lateral ventricle. This research aims to measure the normal value range of lateral ventricle volume of normal infant and thus provide basic data for clinical treatment. Method By retrospective analysis of magnetic resonance inspection (MRI) cranial image of 165 infants in the Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, the infants were divided into four groups according to their age, including the first group (1~3 month, n = 12), the second group (4~6 month, n = 33), the third group (7~9 month, n = 51), and the fourth group (10~12 month, n = 69). On Neurosoft image workstation, it can measure the sectional area of the lateral ventricle volume at each layer of axis T2W image and calculate the lateral ventricle volume using the Cavalieri method. Moreover, the correlations between lateral ventricle volume and gender, side difference, and month age were analyzed. Results 95% confidence interval of total bilateral ventricle volume of normal infant: 11920.22~14,266.28 mm3 for male infant and 9922.22~12,263.17 mm3 for female infant; 95% confidence interval of left side ventricle volume: 6254.72~7546.94 mm3 for male infant and 5206.03~6479.99 mm3 for female infant; 95% confidence interval of right side ventricle volume: 5041.56~6743.29 mm3 for male infant and 4695.00~5804.40 mm3 for female infant. The lateral ventricle volume of the male infant was normally larger than that of the female infant (p < 0.05). For both male and female infants, the left side ventricle volume was larger than the right ventricle volume (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in lateral ventricle volume between infants over 3 months old. Conclusion The normal value range of lateral ventricle volume of the infant can be obtained via referring MRI image. The lateral ventricle volume of infant varies upon gender and ventricle side.
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4
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Hwang M, Piskunowicz M, Darge K. Advanced Ultrasound Techniques for Pediatric Imaging. Pediatrics 2019; 143:e20182609. [PMID: 30808770 PMCID: PMC6398363 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-2609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound has become a useful tool in the workup of pediatric patients because of the highly convenient, cost-effective, and safe nature of the examination. With rapid advancements in anatomic and functional ultrasound techniques over the recent years, the diagnostic and interventional utility of ultrasound has risen tremendously. Advanced ultrasound techniques constitute a suite of new technologies that employ microbubbles to provide contrast and enhance flow visualization, elastography to measure tissue stiffness, ultrafast Doppler to deliver high spatiotemporal resolution of flow, three- and four-dimensional technique to generate accurate spatiotemporal representation of anatomy, and high-frequency imaging to delineate anatomic structures at a resolution down to 30 μm. Application of these techniques can enhance the diagnosis of organ injury, viable tumor, and vascular pathologies at bedside. This has significant clinical implications in pediatric patients who are not easy candidates for lengthy MRI or radiation-requiring examination, and are also in need of a highly sensitive bedside technique for therapeutic guidance. To best use the currently available, advanced ultrasound techniques for pediatric patients, it is necessary to understand the diagnostic utility of each technique. In this review, we will educate the readers of emerging ultrasound techniques and their respective clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Maciej Piskunowicz
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Kassa Darge
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
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5
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Boucher MA, Lippé S, Dupont C, Knoth IS, Lopez G, Shams R, El-Jalbout R, Damphousse A, Kadoury S. Computer-aided lateral ventricular and brain volume measurements in 3D ultrasound for assessing growth trajectories in newborns and neonates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 63:225012. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aaea85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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6
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Kishimoto J, Fenster A, Lee DSC, de Ribaupierre S. Quantitative 3-D head ultrasound measurements of ventricle volume to determine thresholds for preterm neonates requiring interventional therapies following posthemorrhagic ventricle dilatation. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2018; 5:026001. [PMID: 29963579 PMCID: PMC6018129 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.5.2.026001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dilatation of the cerebral ventricles is a common condition in preterm neonates with intraventricular hemorrhage. This posthemorrhagic ventricle dilatation (PHVD) can lead to lifelong neurological impairment through ischemic injury due to increased intracranial pressure, and without treatment can lead to death. Two-dimensional ultrasound (US) through the fontanelles of the patients is serially acquired to monitor the progression of PHVD. These images are used in conjunction with clinical experience and physical exams to determine when interventional therapies such as needle aspiration of the built up cerebrospinal fluid (ventricle tap, VT) might be indicated for a patient; however, quantitative measurements of the ventricles size are often not performed. We describe the potential utility of the quantitative three-dimensional (3-D) US measurements of ventricle volumes (VVs) in 38 preterm neonates to monitor and manage PHVD. Specifically, we determined 3-D US VV thresholds for patients who received VT in comparison to patients with PHVD who resolve without intervention. In addition, since many patients who have an initial VT will receive subsequent interventions, we determined which PHVD patients will receive additional VT after the initial one has been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kishimoto
- University of Western Ontario, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario, Canada.,University of Western Ontario, Robarts Research Institute, Imaging Research Laboratories, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron Fenster
- University of Western Ontario, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario, Canada.,University of Western Ontario, Robarts Research Institute, Imaging Research Laboratories, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S C Lee
- University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandrine de Ribaupierre
- University of Western Ontario, Department of Medical Biophysics, London, Ontario, Canada.,University of Western Ontario, Robarts Research Institute, Imaging Research Laboratories, London, Ontario, Canada.,University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, London, Ontario, Canada
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7
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McLean G, Hough C, Sehgal A, Ditchfield M, Polglase GR, Miller SL. Three-dimensional ultrasound cranial imaging and early neurodevelopment in preterm growth-restricted infants. J Paediatr Child Health 2018; 54:420-425. [PMID: 29243326 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with increased perinatal morbidity, mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. The objective of this study was to examine whether information about early neurodevelopmental deficits was evident using three-dimensional head ultrasound and developmental assessments in preterm infants with FGR, compared with appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants in the early post-natal period. METHODS Twenty preterm FGR infants weighing <10th centile and born between 28 and 32 weeks were compared with age-matched AGA infants. In the second post-natal week after birth, we used three-dimensional ultrasound to assess cerebral ventricular volumes. Prechtl General Movement Assessments were performed at 4-6 weeks after birth. Test of Infant Motor Performance (TIMP) to measure functional motor behaviour was performed at 4-6 and 12-14 weeks corrected age. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in the combined cerebral ventricular volume between the two groups (FGR, 0.81 ± 0.42 vs. AGA 0.72 ± 0.38 cm3 , P = 0.4). The TIMP assessment at 12-14 week term corrected demonstrated lower scores (worse performance) in FGR infants compared with the AGA cohort (regression coefficient: -7.74 (95% CI -16.06, 0.57); P = 0.07). We observed a significant correlation between greater ventricular volume and lower TIMP scores in the cohorts separately and also overall (FGR, r = -0.5, P = 0.06 vs. AGA, r = -0.62, P = 0.007 and overall, r = -0.53, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Ultrasound in the early weeks may be useful to detect the neuropathology which could then mediate functional consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenda McLean
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Catherine Hough
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arvind Sehgal
- Department of Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Ditchfield
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graeme R Polglase
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzanne L Miller
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Hwang M, Riggs BJ, Katz J, Seyfert D, Northington F, Shenandoah R, Burd I, McArthur J, Darge K, Thimm MA, Huisman TAGM. Advanced Pediatric Neurosonography Techniques: Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography, Elastography, and Beyond. J Neuroimaging 2017; 28:150-157. [PMID: 29280236 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technical advances in neurosonography continue broadening the diagnostic utility, sensitivity, and specificity of ultrasound for detecting intracranial abnormalities bed side. The clinical and functional applications of neurosonography have significantly expanded since the 1980s when transcranial Doppler sonography first allowed anatomic and hemodynamic delineation of the intracranial vessels through the thin temporal skull. In the past few years, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, elastography, 3D/4D reconstruction tools, and high-resolution microvessel imaging techniques have further enhanced the diagnostic significance of neurosonography. Given these advances, a thorough familiarity with these new techniques and devices is crucial for a successful clinical application allowing improved patient care. It is essential that future neurosonography studies compare these advanced techniques against the current "gold standard" computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging to assure the accuracy of their diagnostic potential. This review will provide a comprehensive update on currently available advanced neurosonography techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misun Hwang
- Division of Pediatric Radiology and Pediatric Neuroradiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | - Becky J Riggs
- Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Charlotte Bloomberg Children's Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | - Joseph Katz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Donna Seyfert
- Division of Pediatric Radiology and Pediatric Neuroradiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Robinson Shenandoah
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | - Irina Burd
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | - Justin McArthur
- Division of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kassa Darge
- Division of Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Thierry A G M Huisman
- Division of Pediatric Radiology and Pediatric Neuroradiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD
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9
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Kurian J, Sotardi S, Liszewski MC, Gomes WA, Hoffman T, Taragin BH. Three-dimensional ultrasound of the neonatal brain: technical approach and spectrum of disease. Pediatr Radiol 2017; 47:613-627. [PMID: 28058483 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-016-3753-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Brain pathology is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates, especially in the premature population. While conventional two-dimensional neurosonography is traditionally used for screening, diagnosis and monitoring of brain disorders such as germinal matrix hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia and hydrocephalus, three-dimensional ultrasonography has gained popularity in a variety of clinical applications in recent years. Three-dimensional ultrasonography is not yet widely utilized in pediatric imaging but is a potentially powerful tool for evaluating the neonatal brain. Three-dimensional neurosonography allows imaging of the entire brain in a single volumetric sweep and offers the capability of reconstructing images in the axial plane and performing volumetric analyses that are unavailable in conventional two-dimensional neurosonography. The purpose of this article is two-fold: (1) to present the technical aspects of three-dimensional neurosonography and (2) to illustrate the potential applications of three-dimensional neurosonography in the context of commonly encountered neonatal neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kurian
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th St., Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
| | - Susan Sotardi
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th St., Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
| | - Mark C Liszewski
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th St., Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
| | - William A Gomes
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th St., Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
| | - Thomas Hoffman
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th St., Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
| | - Benjamin H Taragin
- Department of Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th St., Bronx, NY, 10467, USA
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10
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Qiu W, Chen Y, Kishimoto J, de Ribaupierre S, Chiu B, Fenster A, Menon BK, Yuan J. Longitudinal Analysis of Pre-Term Neonatal Cerebral Ventricles From 3D Ultrasound Images Using Spatial-Temporal Deformable Registration. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2017; 36:1016-1026. [PMID: 28026756 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2016.2643635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Preterm neonates with a very low birth weight of less than 1,500 grams are at increased risk for developing intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), which is a major cause of brain injury in preterm neonates. Quantitative measurements of ventricular dilatation or shrinkage play an important role in monitoring patients and evaluating treatment options. 3D ultrasound (US) has been developed to monitor ventricle volume as a biomarker for ventricular changes. However, ventricle volume as a global indicator does not allow for precise analysis of local ventricular changes, which could be linked to specific neurological problems often seen in the patient population later in life. In this work, a 3D+t spatial-temporal deformable registration approachis proposed, which is applied to the analysis of the detailed local changes of preterm IVH neonatal ventricles from 3D US images. In particular, a novel sequential convex/dual optimization algorithm is introduced to extract the optimal 3D+t spatial-temporal deformable field, which simultaneously optimizes the sequence of 3D deformation fieldswhile enjoying both efficiencyand simplicity in numerics. The developed registration technique was evaluated by comparing two manually extracted ventricle surfaces from the baseline and the registered follow-up images using the metrics of Dice similarity coefficient (DSC), mean absolute surface distance (MAD), and maximum absolute surface distance (MAXD). The performed experiments using 14 patients with 5 time-point images per patient show that the proposed 3D+t registration approach accurately recovered the longitudinal deformation of ventricle surfaces from 3D US images. The proposed approach may be potentially used to analyse the change pattern of cerebral ventricles of IVH patients, their response to different treatment options, and to elucidate the deficiencies that a patient could have later in life. To the best of our knowledge, this paper reports the first study on the longitudinalanalysis of neonatal ventricular system from 3D US images.
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11
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Qiu W, Chen Y, Kishimoto J, de Ribaupierre S, Chiu B, Fenster A, Yuan J. Automatic segmentation approach to extracting neonatal cerebral ventricles from 3D ultrasound images. Med Image Anal 2017; 35:181-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2016.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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12
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Kishimoto J, de Ribaupierre S, Salehi F, Romano W, Lee DSC, Fenster A. Preterm neonatal lateral ventricle volume from three-dimensional ultrasound is not strongly correlated to two-dimensional ultrasound measurements. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2016; 3:046003. [PMID: 27872874 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.3.4.046003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare longitudinal two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound (US) estimates of ventricle size in preterm neonates with posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) using quantitative measurements of the lateral ventricles. Cranial 2-D US and 3-D US images were acquired from neonatal patients with diagnosed PHVD within 10 min of each other one to two times per week and analyzed offline. Ventricle index, anterior horn width, third ventricle width, and thalamo-occipital distance were measured on the 2-D images and ventricle volume (VV) was measured from 3-D US images. Changes in the measurements between successive image sets were also recorded. No strong correlations were found between VV and 2-D US measurements ([Formula: see text] between 0.69 and 0.36). Additionally, weak correlations were found between changes in 2-D US measurements and 3-D US VV ([Formula: see text] between 0.13 and 0.02). A trend was found between increasing 2-D US measurements and 3-D US-based VV, but this was not the case when comparing changes between 3-D US VV and 2-D US measurements. If 3-D US-based VV provides a more accurate estimate of ventricle size than 2-D US measurements, moderate-weak correlations with 3-D US suggest that monitoring preterm patients with PHVD using 2-D US measurements alone might not accurately represent whether the ventricles are progressively dilating. A volumetric measure (3-D US or MRI) could be used instead to more accurately represent changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kishimoto
- The University of Western Ontario, Robarts Research Institute, Imaging Research Laboratories, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; The University of Western Ontario, Department of Medical Biophysics, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Sandrine de Ribaupierre
- The University of Western Ontario, Department of Medical Biophysics, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; London Health Sciences Centre, Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario N6A 5W9, Canada; London Health Sciences Centre, Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, 339 Windermere Road, London, Ontario N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - Fateme Salehi
- The University of Western Ontario , Department of Radiology, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Walter Romano
- The University of Western Ontario , Department of Radiology, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - David S C Lee
- London Health Sciences Centre , Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Aaron Fenster
- The University of Western Ontario, Robarts Research Institute, Imaging Research Laboratories, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada; The University of Western Ontario, Department of Medical Biophysics, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
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13
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Kishimoto J, Fenster A, Lee DSC, de Ribaupierre S. In Vivo Validation of a 3-D Ultrasound System for Imaging the Lateral Ventricles of Neonates. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2016; 42:971-979. [PMID: 26782271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Intra-ventricular hemorrhage, with the resultant cerebral ventricle dilation, is a common cause of brain injury in preterm neonates. Clinically, monitoring is performed using 2-D ultrasound (US); however, its clinical utility in dilation is limited because it cannot provide accurate measurements of irregular volumes such as those of the ventricles, and this might delay treatment until the patient's condition deteriorates severely. We have developed a 3-D US system to image the lateral ventricles of neonates within the confines of incubators. We describe an in vivo ventricle volume validation study in two parts: (i) comparisons between ventricle volumes derived from 3-D US and magnetic resonance images obtained within 24 h; and (ii) the difference between 3-D US ventricle volumes before and after clinically necessary interventions (ventricle taps), which remove cerebral spinal fluid. Magnetic resonance imaging ventricle volumes were found to be 13% greater than 3-D US ventricle volumes; however, we observed high correlations (R(2) = 0.99) when comparing the two modalities. Differences in ventricle volume pre- and post-intervention compared with the reported volume of cerebrospinal fluid removed also were highly correlated (R(2) = 0.93); the slope was not found to be statistically significantly different from 1 (p < 0.05), and the y-intercept was not found to be statistically different from 0 (p < 0.05). Comparison between 3-D US images can detect the volume change after neonatal intra-ventricular hemorrhage. This could be used to determine which patients will have progressive ventricle dilation and allow for more timely surgical interventions. However, 3-D US ventricle volumes should not be directly compared with magnetic resonance imaging ventricle volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Kishimoto
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Robarts Imaging, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Aaron Fenster
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Robarts Imaging, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S C Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandrine de Ribaupierre
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Romero JM, Madan N, Betancur I, Ciobanu A, Murphy E, McCullough D, Grant PE. Time efficiency and diagnostic agreement of 2-D versus 3-D ultrasound acquisition of the neonatal brain. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2014; 40:1804-1809. [PMID: 24798394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare acquisition time efficiency and diagnostic agreement of neonatal brain ultrasound (US) scans obtained with a 3-D volume US acquisition protocol and the conventional 2-D acquisition protocol. Ninety-one consecutive premature neonatal brain ultrasound scans were prospectively performed on 59 neonates with the conventional 2-D acquisition protocol. Immediately after the 2-D study, a coronal 3-D ultrasound volume was acquired and later reconstructed into axial and sagittal planes. All 59 neonates were imaged in the neonatal intensive care unit to rule out intracranial hemorrhage. Total time for 2-D and 3-D acquisition protocols was recorded, and a two-tailed t-test was used to determine if study durations differed significantly. One pediatric neuroradiologist reviewed the reformatted 3-D images, tomographic ultrasound images. Results were compared with the clinical interpretation of the 2-D conventional study. The mean scanning time for the 2-D US acquisition protocol was 10.56 min (standard deviation [SD] = 7.11), and that for the 3-D volume US acquisition protocol was 1.48 min (SD = 0.59) (p ≤ 0.001). Inter-observer agreement revealed k values of 0.84 for hydrocephalus, 0.80 for germinal matrix hemorrhage/intraventricular hemorrhage, 0.74 for periventricular leukomalacia and 0.91 for subdural collection, hence near-perfect to substantial agreement between imaging protocols. There was a significant decrease in acquisition time for the 3-D volume ultrasound acquisition protocol compared with the conventional 2-D US protocol (p = <0.001), without compromising the diagnostic quality compared with a conventional 2-D US imaging protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier M Romero
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Neil Madan
- Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ilda Betancur
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lowell Community Health Center, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adrian Ciobanu
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erin Murphy
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Danielle McCullough
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA
| | - P Ellen Grant
- Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Children's Hospital of Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Riccabona M. Editorial review: pediatric 3D ultrasound. J Ultrason 2014; 14:5-20. [PMID: 26676068 PMCID: PMC4579731 DOI: 10.15557/jou.2014.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional ultrasound is an established diagnostic imaging technique in many specialties. However, in neonates, infants and children three-dimensional ultrasound still is underutilized, partially due to time constraints for post-processing and restricted availability, of devices as well as dedicated pediatric transducers. Also reimbursement issues still need to be addressed. This editorial review presents more or less established pediatric three-dimensional ultrasound applications with proven diagnostic benefit as well as potential future applications of three-dimensional/four-dimensional ultrasound in infants and children, aiming at enhancing research and promoting practical use of three-dimensional ultrasound in relevant pediatric conditions. Particularly, applications in neonatal neurosonography, ultrasound of the urogenital tract as well as some other small part and miscellaneous queries are highlighted. Additional other potential and future indications are discussed briefly, also mentioning restrictions and potential future developments. In summary, three-dimensional ultrasound holds some potential to widen sonographic diagnostic capabilities throughout childhood and hopefully will be increasingly investigated and introduced into clinical practice provided respective equipment and pediatric three-dimensional/four-dimensional ultrasound transducers become available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Riccabona
- Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital Graz, Austria
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16
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Aristizábal O, Mamou J, Ketterling JA, Turnbull DH. High-throughput, high-frequency 3-D ultrasound for in utero analysis of embryonic mouse brain development. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2013; 39:2321-32. [PMID: 24035625 PMCID: PMC3834109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
With the emergence of the mouse as the predominant model system for studying mammalian brain development, in utero imaging methods are urgently required to analyze the dynamics of brain growth and patterning in mouse embryos. To address this need, we combined synthetic focusing with a high-frequency (38-MHz) annular-array ultrasound imaging system for extended depth-of-field, coded excitation for improved penetration and respiratory-gated transmit/receive. This combination allowed non-invasive in utero acquisition of motion-free 3-D data from individual embryos in approximately 2 min, and data from four or more embryos in a pregnant mouse in less than 30 min. Data were acquired from 148 embryos spanning 5 d of early to mid-gestational stages of brain development. The results indicated that brain anatomy and cerebral vasculature can be imaged with this system and that quantitative analyses of segmented cerebral ventricles can be used to characterize volumetric changes associated with mouse brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Aristizábal
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Lizzi Center for Biomedical Engineering, Riverside Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan Mamou
- Lizzi Center for Biomedical Engineering, Riverside Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Ketterling
- Lizzi Center for Biomedical Engineering, Riverside Research, New York, NY, USA
- Correspondence to: Jeffrey A. Ketterling, PhD, Lizzi Center for Biomedical Engineering, Riverside Research, 156 William Street, New York, NY, USA 10038, and Daniel H. Turnbull, PhD, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY, USA 10016, Tel: (212) 263-7262, Fax: (212) 263-8214,
| | - Daniel H. Turnbull
- Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Correspondence to: Jeffrey A. Ketterling, PhD, Lizzi Center for Biomedical Engineering, Riverside Research, 156 William Street, New York, NY, USA 10038, and Daniel H. Turnbull, PhD, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY, USA 10016, Tel: (212) 263-7262, Fax: (212) 263-8214,
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17
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Gu A, Ji G, Yan L, Zhou Y. The 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (ogg1) decreases the vulnerability of the developing brain to DNA damage. DNA Repair (Amst) 2013; 12:1094-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 08/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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18
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Kishimoto J, de Ribaupierre S, Lee DSC, Mehta R, St Lawrence K, Fenster A. 3D ultrasound system to investigate intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm neonates. Phys Med Biol 2013; 58:7513-26. [PMID: 24099882 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/58/21/7513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common disorder among preterm neonates that is routinely diagnosed and monitored by 2D cranial ultrasound (US). The cerebral ventricles of patients with IVH often have a period of ventricular dilation (ventriculomegaly). This initial increase in ventricle size can either spontaneously resolve, which often shows clinically as a period of stabilization in ventricle size and eventual decline back towards a more normal size, or progressive ventricular dilation that does not stabilize and which may require interventional therapy to reduce symptoms relating to increased intracranial pressure. To improve the characterization of ventricle dilation, we developed a 3D US imaging system that can be used with a conventional clinical US scanner to image the ventricular system of preterm neonates at risk of ventriculomegaly. A motorized transducer housing was designed specifically for hand-held use inside an incubator using a transducer commonly used for cranial 2D US scans. This system was validated using geometric phantoms, US/MRI compatible ventricle volume phantoms, and patient images to determine 3D reconstruction accuracy and inter- and intra-observer volume estimation variability. 3D US geometric reconstruction was found to be accurate with an error of <0.2%. Measured volumes of a US/MRI compatible ventricle-like phantom were within 5% of gold standard water displacement measurements. Intra-class correlation for the three observers was 0.97, showing very high agreement between observers. The coefficient of variation was between 1.8-6.3% for repeated segmentations of the same patient. The minimum detectable difference was calculated to be 0.63 cm(3) for a single observer. Results from ANOVA for three observers segmenting three patients of IVH grade II did not show any significant differences (p > 0.05) for the measured ventricle volumes between observers. This 3D US system can reliably produce 3D US images of the neonatal ventricular system. There is the potential to use this system to monitor the progression of ventriculomegaly over time in patients with IVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kishimoto
- Imaging Division, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada. Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Antes S, Welsch M, Kiefer M, Gläser M, Körner H, Eymann R. The Frontal and Temporal Horn Ratio to Assess Dimension of Paediatric Hydrocephalus: A Comparative Volumetric Study. ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA SUPPLEMENT 2013; 118:211-4. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-1434-6_39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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20
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Frontal and Temporal Horn Ratio: A Valid and Reliable Index to Determine Ventricular Size in Paediatric Hydrocephalus Patients? ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA SUPPLEMENTUM 2012; 114:227-30. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-0956-4_44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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21
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Potential role of 3DUS in infants and children. Pediatr Radiol 2011; 41 Suppl 1:S228-37. [PMID: 21523606 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-011-2051-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to discuss basic technical aspects as well as potential pediatric applications of three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS). Different 3DUS-techniques are already commercially available. Most commonly, a transducer-integrated motor drives a scan-head to acquire a volumetric dataset, which is then reconstructed and viewed using various post-processing techniques. It has been proved feasible to apply 3DUS with pediatric transducers in typical pediatric investigations. Based on our own experiences and on review of the literature, 3DUS can be successfully used in infants and children for brain, spine, cardiac, urinary tract (particularly assessment of hydronephrosis, and virtual cystoscopy), and female genital (e.g., for assessment of uterine malformations) US, and for various other applications, particularly in small parts. Power Doppler data can be integrated, allowing 3DUS-angiography. Thus, 3DUS promises to become a useful adjunct for imaging children, particularly as it enhances ultrasound by offering additional, previously inaccessible planes, rendering options and surface assessments. 3DUS should be increasingly exploited, thus hopefully helping reduce the need for more invasive or burdening (e.g., ionizing radiation) investigations in children.
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22
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Haratz KK, Oliveira PS, Rolo LC, Nardozza LMM, Milani HF, Barreto EQ, Araujo Júnior E, Ajzen SA, Moron AF. Fetal cerebral ventricle volumetry: comparison between 3D ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in fetuses with ventriculomegaly. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2011; 24:1384-91. [DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2011.556205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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23
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Herba CM, Roza SJ, Govaert P, van Rossum J, Hofman A, Jaddoe V, Verhulst FC, Tiemeier H. Infant brain development and vulnerability to later internalizing difficulties: the Generation R study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010; 49:1053-63. [PMID: 20855050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Revised: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although clinical studies have demonstrated smaller subcortical volumes in structures such as the amygdala, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, and thalamus in adults and adolescents with depressive disorders and anxiety, no study has assessed such structures in babies, long before the development of the disorders. This study examined whether the size of the "gangliothalamic ovoid" (encompassing the basal ganglia and thalamus) assessed during infancy is associated with increased internalizing problems in early childhood. METHOD Cranial ultrasounds were used to assess gangliothalamic ovoid diameter and ventricular volume at 6 weeks of postnatal age; moreover, head circumference was measured. Outcome data included ratings of internalizing and externalizing problems using the Child Behavior Checklist (reported by mothers and fathers) at 18 and/or 36 months. Analyses were based on a total of 651 children. RESULTS Smaller gangliothalamic diameter was associated with higher Child Behavior Checklist Internalizing scores at ages 18 and 36 months. Results remained significant after correcting for head circumference and were evident for the DSM-oriented subscales of anxiety problems and affective problems. Total ventricular volume was not consistently associated with Internalizing scores. CONCLUSIONS Findings associating infant brain measurements with Child Behavior Checklist mother and father reports at two time points are consistent with previous cross-sectional reports of smaller subcortical volumes in depression. Results were not simply reflective of overall brain development, because the pattern held after adjustment for head circumference. This is the first study to point toward a biological vulnerability evident in infancy, involved in the development of internalizing problems in childhood.
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24
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Morphological evaluation of lateral ventricles of fetuses with ventriculomegaly by three-dimensional ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging: correlation with etiology. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 284:331-6. [PMID: 20830480 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-010-1666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate morphology of lateral ventricles of ventriculomegaly/hydrocephaly fetuses using 3D-sonography by virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) technique and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and verify morphologic patterns related to etiology. METHODS Seventeen fetuses presenting with ventricular enlargement (atria > 10 mm) were evaluated. 3D datasets were acquired from a coronal reference plane and post-processed by the rotational imaging using VOCAL 30°. MRI study was analyzed in the three plans in all sequences. Morphologic aspects such as global shape, anterior, posterior and inferior horn characteristics, wall irregularities and deformities were analyzed and related to etiology factor. RESULTS Twenty-nine percent of the cases were secondary to Arnold-Chiari syndrome and presented with global dilation of the three-horns. Cases related to aqueduct stenosis presented with ependymal rupture and wall irregularities in advanced cases. Corpus callosum agenesis cases presented with small ventricular volumes, thin shape, normal or slightly enlarged anterior and inferior horns with dilation restricted to posterior horn. Cases related to trisomy 18 and cytomegalovirus presented irregular ventricular walls associated with anomalous ventricular shapes, suggesting parenchymal destruction. CONCLUSION Ventricular morphology evaluation gives important information on etiology of ventricular enlargement, supporting prognosis prediction and decision making process of the affected fetuses and their families.
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25
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Prager RW, Ijaz UZ, Gee AH, Treece GM. Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2010; 224:193-223. [PMID: 20349815 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review is about the development of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonic medical imaging, how it works, and where its future lies. It assumes knowledge of two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound, which is covered elsewhere in this issue. The three main ways in which 3D ultrasound may be acquired are described: the mechanically swept 3D probe, the 2D transducer array that can acquire intrinsically 3D data, and the freehand 3D ultrasound. This provides an appreciation of the constraints implicit in each of these approaches together with their strengths and weaknesses. Then some of the techniques that are used for processing the 3D data and the way this can lead to information of clinical value are discussed. A table is provided to show the range of clinical applications reported in the literature. Finally, the discussion relating to the technology and its clinical applications to explain why 3D ultrasound has been relatively slow to be adopted in routine clinics is drawn together and the issues that will govern its development in the future explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Prager
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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26
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Hellinger JC, Medina LS, Epelman M. Pediatric Advanced Imaging and Informatics: State of the Art. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2010; 31:171-93. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Horsch S, Bengtsson J, Nordell A, Lagercrantz H, Adén U, Blennow M. Lateral ventricular size in extremely premature infants: 3D MRI confirms 2D ultrasound measurements. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2009; 35:360-366. [PMID: 19056162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2008.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2008] [Revised: 08/24/2008] [Accepted: 09/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ventriculomegaly at term age is an important predictor of neurologic outcome in preterm infants. Previous studies have found only poor correlations between two-dimensional (2D) cranial ultrasound (US) measurements of lateral ventricles and volume measurements using three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Paired cranial MRI and US scans in a population based cohort of 28 extremely preterm infants were obtained at term equivalent age. A 3D MRI volume and five different 2D ultrasound measurements were assessed for each lateral ventricle. Correlations and interobserver variability were calculated. Reliability of US measurements and correlations between MRI volumes and US measurements of the frontal horns and ventricular midbody were consistently good. The highest correlation was achieved by combining the coronal frontal horn measurements to a frontal horn product (r(2) = right 0.94, left 0.95). Our study underlines the value of cranial ultrasound measurements in neonatal care and follow-up.
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MESH Headings
- Anthropometry/methods
- Birth Weight
- Female
- Gestational Age
- Humans
- Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods
- Infant, Newborn
- Infant, Premature
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnosis
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/diagnostic imaging
- Infant, Premature, Diseases/pathology
- Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
- Lateral Ventricles/abnormalities
- Lateral Ventricles/diagnostic imaging
- Lateral Ventricles/pathology
- Male
- Observer Variation
- Organ Size
- Prognosis
- Prospective Studies
- Reproducibility of Results
- Ultrasonography
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Horsch
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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29
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Sadleir RJ, Tang T. Electrode configurations for detection of intraventricular haemorrhage in the premature neonate. Physiol Meas 2008; 30:63-79. [PMID: 19075369 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/30/1/005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Intraventricular haemorrhage is a common cause of death in premature human infants. As preventative measures and treatments become available, a method for monitoring and detection is required. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a viable monitoring method compared to modalities such as ultrasound, MRI or CT because of its low cost and contrast sensitivity to blood. However, its sensitivity to blood may be obscured by the low conductivity skull, high conductivity cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and shape changes in the head and body. We estimated the sensitivity of three 16-electrode and impedance measurement configurations to bleeding using both idealized spherical and realistic geometry three-dimensional finite element models of the neonatal head. Sensitivity distribution responses to alterations in skull composition as well as introduction of conductivity anomalies were determined. Of the three patterns tested, a measurement scheme that employed electrodes at locations based on the 10-20 EEG layout, and impedance measurements involving current return over the anterior fontanelle produced superior distinguishabilities in regions near the lateral ventricles. This configuration also showed strongly improved sensitivities and selectivities when skull composition was varied to include the anterior fontanelle. A pattern using electrodes placed in a ring about the equator of the model had similar sensitivities but performed worse than the EEG layout in terms of selectivity. The third pattern performed worse than either the Ring or EEG-based patterns in terms of sensitivity. The overall performance of the EEG-based pattern on a spherical homogeneous model was maintained in a sensitivity matrix calculated using a homogeneous realistic geometry model.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Sadleir
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA.
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30
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Riccabona M, Pilhatsch A, Haberlik A, Ring E. Three-dimensional ultrasonography-based virtual cystoscopy of the pediatric urinary bladder: a preliminary report on feasibility and potential value. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2008; 27:1453-1459. [PMID: 18809955 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2008.27.10.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to validate the feasibility and potential of 3-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS)-based virtual cystoscopy in the pediatric urinary bladder. METHODS Twenty patients (age range, newborn-14 years) underwent urinary tract ultrasonography and 3DUS of the urinary bladder. From this data set, virtual cystoscopy was reconstructed for visualization of the inner bladder surface. Three-dimensional ultrasonography was compared with 2-dimensional ultrasonographic (2DUS) findings, voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) results, and reports from cystoscopy or surgery when available. RESULTS Three-dimensional ultrasonography was feasible in all patients. Data quality was sufficient for virtual cystoscopy without major motion artifacts. The 3DUS results matched all other findings; particularly, 3DUS superiorly visualized the ureteral ostium and the bladder neck configuration; in 5 patients, 3DUS depicted pathologically shaped ostia not detected by 2DUS. This correlated with the presence of vesicoureteral reflux on VCUG. Performing virtual cystoscopy added 1 minute to the investigation time (range, 0.5-2 minutes) and 3 minutes for postprocessing and viewing (range, 2-5 minutes). CONCLUSIONS Three-dimensional ultrasonography-based virtual cystoscopy is feasible in the pediatric urinary bladder without sedation. It reveals surface information not accessible by 2DUS, improving detection of pathologic conditions such as atypically shaped ureteral ostia. Three-dimensional ultrasonography-based cystoscopy may become a valuable adjunct to 2DUS of the pediatric urinary tract, improving selection criteria for further imaging such as VCUG, and potentially may help reduce the need for endoscopic cystoscopy. However, these preliminary results still have to be confirmed in prospective studies with larger patient numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Riccabona
- Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital LKH Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
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Foetal growth determines cerebral ventricular volume in infants The Generation R Study. Neuroimage 2007; 39:1491-8. [PMID: 18089296 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Revised: 10/22/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebral ventricular system is a marker of brain development and a predictor of neurodevelopmental outcome. In premature or dysmature neonates, neuroanatomical structures including the ventricular system appear to be altered. The present study aims to provide information on the association between foetal growth and neonatal cerebral ventricular size in the normal population. Within the Generation R Study, a population-based cohort study, we used three-dimensional cranial ultrasound to determine lateral ventricular volume in 778 term infants aged 4-12 weeks. Foetal growth characteristics were repeatedly measured in early, mid- and late pregnancy and analysed in relation to ventricular volume divided by head circumference. Results revealed positive associations between foetal head circumference in late pregnancy and log-transformed ventricular volume (beta=0.077, 95% confidence interval (0.017; 0.136), equivalent to a 7.7% increase in ventricular volume per standard deviation of head circumference). Similarly, in a per week-longer gestational duration, ventricular volume in infancy was 6.0% larger. Multilevel modelling demonstrated that reduced growth of foetal head circumference and biparietal diameter during pregnancy were associated with decreased ventricular volume in infancy. In conclusion, foetal maturation is positively associated to cerebral ventricular size in term infants. Larger ventricular size in term infants needs to be distinguished from ventricular enlargement due to intraventricular haemorrhage or white matter damage in premature or dysmature infants. Moreover, the naturally occurring enlargement of ventricles during infancy should be considered in interpreting reports on increased ventricular volumes in several neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Abstract
In children ultrasound plays a central role in the diagnostic imaging of the urinary tract. It is used most frequently and as a primary diagnostic option. Consequently, innovations in ultrasound technology and ultrasound contrast media have major impact on pediatric urosonography. Harmonic imaging is a modality that produces artifact-free images with high resolution. It has been shown that harmonic imaging is superior to fundamental mode in many urosonographic indications. Color Doppler is an established imaging modality, but its application for diagnosis of stones in the urinary tract, especially in children, is relatively new. The so-called twinkling sign, a color Doppler artifact at the site where one normally expects the acoustic shadow to be, enhances the conspicuity of the stone. A further development is three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound. It offers better volume measurement of the bladder and kidneys than 2D ultrasound. Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography has already proven to be a valuable alternative in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux. Thus, a significant decrease of radiation exposure has become possible as it replaces the radiological methods. With the introduction of contrast-specific ultrasound imaging modalities, further improvements in voiding urosonography are emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Darge
- Abteilung für Pädiatrische Radiologie, Institut für Röntgendiagnostik der Bayerischen Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg.
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Ichihashi K, Takahashi N, Honma Y, Momoi M. Cerebral ventricular volume assessment by three-dimensional ultrasonography. J Perinat Med 2005; 33:332-5. [PMID: 16207119 DOI: 10.1515/jpm.2005.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We assessed ventricular volume with three-dimensional ultrasonography. The study group consisted of 54 infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Gestational age was 32.9+/-3.5 weeks and birth weight was 1774+/-623 g. To obtain images, the transducer was placed on the anterior fontanel. Sagittal sections were serially and automatically scanned from left to right. The angle of scanning was 60 degrees and five seconds were spent on e scanning. Two hundred fifty B-mode images were stored in the built-in computer for later retrieval. We chose the parasagittal sections from the midline to the lateral portion and traced manually an area of the lateral ventricle in each section at intervals of 1 mm. The built-in computer integrated them and measured the ventricular volume. The lateral ventricular size became larger during the first two weeks after birth. The left ventricle was larger than the right one. There was no correlation between lateral ventricular volume and birth weight. Our study shows the normal value of the lateral ventricular volume in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Ichihashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical School, Kawachigun, Tochigi, Japan.
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Cevidanes LHS, Franco AA, Gerig G, Proffit WR, Slice DE, Enlow DH, Yamashita HK, Kim YJ, Scanavini MA, Vigorito JW. Assessment of mandibular growth and response to orthopedic treatment with 3-dimensional magnetic resonance images. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005; 128:16-26. [PMID: 16027621 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Three-dimensional (3D) craniofacial images are commonly used in clinical studies in orthodontics to study developmental and morphologic relationships. METHODS We used 3D magnetic resonance imaging to study relationships among craniofacial components during the pubertal growth spurt and in response to Fränkel appliance therapy. The sample for this prospective study was 156 high-resolution magnetic resonance images with 1 mm isotropic voxel resolution of 78 subjects taken initially (T1) and 18 +/- 1 months (T2) after treatment or an observation period. The subjects were Brazilian children; 28 were treated and 25 were untreated for Class II malocclusion, and 25 were untreated with normal occlusions. A Procrustes geometric transformation of 3D skeletal landmarks was used to assess growth or treatment alterations from T1 to T2. The landmarks were located on the mandibular rami and the other craniofacial parts specifically related to the mandibular growth (the middle cranial fossae and the posterior part of the bilateral nasomaxilla). This allowed visualization of the entire volumetric dataset with an interactive 3D display. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found in the relative 3D skeletal growth directions from T1 to T2 for treated vs untreated Class II children (Bonferroni-adjusted P < .001) and for treated Class II vs normal-occlusion subjects ( P < .001). The major differences in the treated group were increased mandibular rami vertical dimensions and more forward rami relative to the posterior nasomaxilla and the middle cranial fossae. Principal component analysis made it possible to show individual variability and group differences in the principal dimensions of skeletal change. CONCLUSIONS These methods are generalizable to other imaging techniques and 3D samples, and significantly enhance the potential of systematically controlled data collection and analysis of bony structures in 3 dimensions for quantitative assessment of patient parameters in craniofacial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia H S Cevidanes
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7450, USA.
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Riccabona M, Fritz GA, Schöllnast H, Schwarz T, Deutschmann MJ, Mache CJ. Hydronephrotic kidney: pediatric three-dimensional US for relative renal size assessment--initial experience. Radiology 2005; 236:276-83. [PMID: 15955855 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2361040158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To prospectively evaluate accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography (US) for assessment of relative renal size in infants and children with hydronephrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Informed consent was obtained from parents and also from children who were older than 8 years. Study was approved by ethics committee. Two-dimensional (2D) US, 3D US, and scintigraphy were performed in 40 patients with hydronephrosis (age range, neonate to 16 years; seven girls, 33 boys) without acute renal disease. Twenty patients also underwent magnetic resonance (MR) urography. US and MR urography were performed by one experienced pediatric radiologist; 3D US and MR urographic volume calculations were performed by specifically trained radiologists. Three-dimensional US was performed with integrated 3D volume probes or external system based on electromagnetic positioning devices. At 2D US, kidney volume was calculated with application of ellipsoid equation. At MR urography and 3D US, real renal parenchymal volume was calculated with subtraction of dilated collecting system. Split renal function was assessed with static renal scintigraphy. Three-dimensional US results were graded with respect to image quality and compared with results of 2D US, scintigraphy, and MR urography by using mean difference percentage and standard deviation of the difference. All investigations were performed with blinding. Inter- and intraobserver variability were calculated with coefficient of variation. RESULTS In 76 of 80 kidneys, 3D US image of diagnostic quality was obtained. Three-dimensional US volume measurements compared well with MR urographic measurements (mean difference, -2.5% +/- 7.8 [standard deviation] vs 25.8% +/- 32.2 for 2D US) and with scintigraphically assessed split renal function (mean difference, 1.2% +/- 9.2 vs 15.9% +/- 43.8 for 2D US). Intra- and interobserver variability were +/-6.4% and +/-9.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION Initial experience with renal 3D US indicates that it is an accurate method for assessment of renal parenchymal volume and relative renal size, provided there is no acute renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Riccabona
- Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 9, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
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Haiden N, Klebermass K, Rücklinger E, Berger A, Prusa AR, Rohrmeister K, Wandl-Vergesslich K, Kohlhauser-Vollmuth C. 3-D ultrasonographic imaging of the cerebral ventricular system in very low birth weight infants. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2005; 31:7-14. [PMID: 15653225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2004.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2003] [Revised: 07/19/2004] [Accepted: 07/29/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to assess reference ranges for lateral ventricular volume of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants using 3-D ultrasound (US). A total of 108 patients with birth weights < or =1500 g or mother's postmenstrual age < or =32 weeks were examined prospectively in a longitudinal study. Infants in conditions considered being potential confounders such as intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) were not included in the calculations. Hence, 77 subjects remained for final statistical analysis. Mean postmenstrual age at birth was 194.5 (27 weeks and 5.5 days) +/- 14 SD days, mean birth weight was 972.5 +/- 236.3 SD g. Reference ranges for lateral ventricle volume were established from serial images. The exponential regression analyses revealed a weekly increase in volume of 6.3% (95% CI 4.4%-8.3%) and 6.6% (95% CI 4.7%-8.6%) in respect to the left and the right ventricle (p < 0.001). Postmenstrual age correlated significantly (p < or = 0.015) with ventricle volume. No significant association to head circumference could be determined. Establishment of reference values for the lateral ventricle volume of VLBW infants should facilitate application of 3-D US in routine diagnostics in neonatal intensive care units and detection of ventricular enlargement as a prediction of risk for poor neurodevelopmental outcome in high-risk cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Haiden
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
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Abstract
Three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) has become an established modality in some specialties; however, it has not gained significant importance in pediatric imaging. The aim of this short review article is to demonstrate and discuss promising potential applications of 3DUS in pediatric sonography. 3DUS is performed using a variety of techniques and devices, generally based on a volume reconstruction after the acquisition of a three-dimensional ultrasound (2DUS) image series, which is then viewed using various display formats. Based on our experience and a literature research, 3DUS appears to be a promising US technique for the neonatal brain and pediatric genitourinary tract. Furthermore, some other applications, such as 3DUS of the neonatal spinal canal, some soft tissue and mucsculo-skeletal queries, and tumor volume assessment, hold promising perspectives. 3DUS may reduce the imaging time of the patient, may improve the demonstration of complex anatomy, and has been shown to improve volume assessment. It furthermore holds the potential to improve standardization and documentation, as well as comparison with other sectional imaging. 3DUS also appears to be an ideal modality for training and education, as the 3D volume can be virtually rescanned at the workstation without the patient's presence. In conclusion, we believe that 3DUS is a promising imaging tool also for pediatric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Riccabona
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital LKH Graz, Auenbruggenplatz, Graz A-8036, Austria.
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Gilmore JH, Zhai G, Wilber K, Smith JK, Lin W, Gerig G. 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in newborns. Psychiatry Res 2004; 132:81-5. [PMID: 15546705 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2004.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2003] [Revised: 02/27/2004] [Accepted: 04/23/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
While it has been hypothesized that brain development is abnormal in schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental disorders, there have been few attempts to study very early brain development in children. Twenty unsedated healthy newborns underwent 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The left ventricle was significantly larger than the right; females had significantly larger ventricles than males. Fractional anisotropy (FA) increased significantly with gestational age in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum. It is feasible to study brain development in unsedated newborns using 3 T MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Gilmore
- UNC Schizophrenia Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7160, USA.
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Anderson NG, Warfield SK, Wells S, Spencer C, Balasingham A, Volpe JJ, Inder TE. A limited range of measures of 2-D ultrasound correlate with 3-D MRI cerebral volumes in the premature infant at term. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2004; 30:11-18. [PMID: 14962603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2003.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2003] [Accepted: 10/02/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2-D) cranial ultrasound (US) is the principal method for the detection of cerebral injury in the newborn. The aim of this study was to compare 2-D sonographic methods with more advanced 3-D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing brain structure. From July 1998 to November 2000, we conducted a prospective methodological study comparing 2-D cranial sonographic measurements with volumes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), white matter, grey matter and total volume of brain obtained using 3-D MRI. The study group comprised 63 infants (33 boys), mean gestational age 28 weeks (range 23 to 33 weeks), with imaging studies within 15 days of term equivalent. The highest correlations were between the occipital horn length and total brain volume (R2 = 0.30), the subarachnoid space and both CSF volume (R2 = 0.46) and relative intracranial space occupied by brain tissue (R2 = 0.48). Only 8 (30%) of the 2-D cranial US measures demonstrated good reproducibility. 2-D sonographic measures are limited in reflecting variations in overall cerebral structure, although certain measures, such as subarachnoid space and occipital lobe measures, may be useful in better defining cerebral parenchymal and CSF volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel G Anderson
- Radiology Department, Christchurch Women's Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Riccabona M, Nelson TR, Weitzer C, Resch B, Pretorius DP. Potential of three-dimensional ultrasound in neonatal and paediatric neurosonography. Eur Radiol 2003; 13:2082-93. [PMID: 12928958 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-003-1845-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2002] [Revised: 12/12/2002] [Accepted: 01/06/2003] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to describe the potential of three-dimensional ultrasound (3D US) in paediatric and neonatal neurosonography. The potential applications are illustrated based on our experience in 150 patients using three different 3D US techniques at two different sites. Various disease entities throughout the paediatric age have been evaluated. The potential of 3D US, including 3D US of the cerebral vessels based on colour Doppler data, is discussed based on comparison with conventional 2D US or other imaging (as available), and with regard to the literature. In our experience, 3D US is feasible in neonatal and paediatric neurosonography. It reduces imaging time, improves demonstration of complex anatomy and vasculature, and allows for evaluation of anatomy/pathology in any plane. The 3D US furthermore improves volume assessment (e.g. in hydrocephalus), and comparison with CT, MRI and during follow-up, with a potentially improved standardisation and documentation. The 3D US additionally offers an ideal modality for training and education, as the brain and the neonatal spine can be virtually rescanned at the workstation. Yet, limitations such as areas inaccessible to 2D US, limited resolution and motion artefacts have to be acknowledged. Three-dimensional US has the potential to become a valuable additional imaging tool in paediatric neurosonography.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Riccabona
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital LKH Graz, Auenbruggenplatz, 8036 Graz, Austria.
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Jödicke A, Accomazzi V, Reiss I, Böker DK. Virtual endoscopy of the cerebral ventricles based on 3-D ultrasonography. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2003; 29:339-345. [PMID: 12659910 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-5629(02)00657-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Virtual endoscopy enables preoperative surgical planning based on "surgeons' view" information in the individual patient. In neurosurgery, magnetic resonance (MR) images are mainly used for planning of virtual neuroendoscopy (VNE). We studied the feasibility of three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasonography as the imaging modality for VNE in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus. 3-D ultrasonography data sets were obtained through the open anterior fontanelle and analyzed using perspective volume rendering, with delineation of the ventricular system for anatomical details in relation to standard ultrasonography and intraoperative anatomy, during endoscopy in two infants with hydrocephalus. VNE clarified anatomical variants seen on standard ultrasonography images, anticipated ventricular dysmorphia seen during neuroendosopy and enabled a realistic impression of an endoscopic inspection into the ventricular system of the two infants studied. Based on 3-D ultrasonography, VE enables detailed information on ventricular anatomy in pediatric patients for planning of endoscopic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jödicke
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany. Andreas.
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