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Cai J, Zhang BD, Li YQ, Zhu WF, Akihisa T, Kikuchi T, Xu J, Liu WY, Feng F, Zhang J. Cardiac glycosides from the roots of Streblus asper Lour. with activity against Epstein-Barr virus lytic replication. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106004. [PMID: 35843015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac glycosides (CGs) show potential broad-spectrum antiviral activity by targeting cellular host proteins. Herein are reported the isolation of five new (1-5) and eight known (7-13) CGs from the roots of Streblus asper Lour. Of these compounds 1 and 7 exhibited inhibitory action against EBV early antigen (EA) expression, with half-maximal effective concentration values (EC50) being less than 60 nM, and they also showed selectivity, with selectivity index (SI) values being 56.80 and 103.17, respectively. Preliminary structure activity relationships indicated that the C-10 substituent, C-5 hydroxy groups, and C-3 sugar unit play essential roles in the mediation of the inhibitory activity of CGs against EBV. Further enzyme experiments demonstrated that these compounds might inhibit ion pump function and thereby change the intracellular signal transduction pathway by binding to Na+/K+-ATPase, as validated by simulated molecular docking. This study is the first report that CGs can effectively limit EBV lytic replication, and the observations made in this study may be of value for lead compound development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bo-Dou Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu-Qi Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wan-Fang Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Toshihiro Akihisa
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Jian Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian 223003, China.
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Han Jie L, Jantan I, Yusoff SD, Jalil J, Husain K. Sinensetin: An Insight on Its Pharmacological Activities, Mechanisms of Action and Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:553404. [PMID: 33628166 PMCID: PMC7898666 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.553404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinensetin, a plant-derived polymethoxylated flavonoid found in Orthosiphon aristatus var. aristatus and several citrus fruits, has been found to possess strong anticancer activities and a variety of other pharmacological benefits and promising potency in intended activities with minimal toxicity. This review aims to compile an up-to-date reports of published scientific information on sinensetin pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action and toxicity. The present findings about the compound are critically analyzed and its prospect as a lead molecule for drug discovery is highlighted. The databases employed for data collection are mainly through Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct. In-vitro and in-vivo studies showed that sinensetin possessed strong anticancer activities and a wide range of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-obesity, anti-dementia and vasorelaxant activities. The studies provided some insights on its several mechanisms of action in cancer and other disease states. However, more detail mechanistic studies are needed to understand its pharmacological effects. More in vivo studies in various animal models including toxicity, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and bioavailability studies are required to assess its efficacy and safety before submission to clinical studies. In this review, an insight on sinensetin pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action serves as a useful resource for a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of sinensetin as a potential lead candidate for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Han Jie
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Syaratul Dalina Yusoff
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Juriyati Jalil
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairana Husain
- Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Debnath R, Majumder D, Nath P, Ghosh D, Maiti D. Bromelain plus peroxidase reduces non-Hodgkin lymphoma progression in invivo via up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes and modulating apoptotic protein expression. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:1200-1210. [PMID: 31591915 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1670217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) is a good source of bromelain (B) and also contain peroxidase. The objective of this study is isoaltion of bromelain plus peroxidase (BP) from the pineapple fruit to evaluate the anticancer activity of BP from the pineapple fruit of Tripura, compared to commercial bromelain against ascitic Dalton's lymphoma cells (DLA) in mice. Methods: By acetone precipitation BP was isolated from the pineapple. Animals bearing DLA, receive B and BP orally for 15 alternative days. Apoptotic proteins are assayed using western blot. Results: BP treated mice showed recover of hemoglobin and WBC count compared to control lymphoma animal. The animal showed significant reduction of body weight due to reduced tunor load and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, elevated levels of vitamin C and vitamin E and other antioxidants in blood after BP treatment. Histology of liver and kidney also shows restored architecture in BP treated animal compared to only B treated group. BP treatment upregulates the cytochrome C, BAD, and BAX protein and downregulates the Bcl-2 and NF-kβ occuring upon BP treatment in the DLA cells collected from lymphoma animal. This induce the apoptosis of DLA cells in lymphoma animal and reduce the tumor load. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that BP from pineapple improves the survival of the induced lymphoma animal compared to only B which may be used as therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Debnath
- Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Immunology Microbiology Lab, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India
| | - Debabrata Majumder
- Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Immunology Microbiology Lab, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India
| | - Priyatosh Nath
- Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Immunology Microbiology Lab, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India
| | - Durgadas Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India
| | - Debasish Maiti
- Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Immunology Microbiology Lab, Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India
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Zheng X, Jia B, Song X, Kong QY, Wu ML, Qiu ZW, Li H, Liu J. Preventive Potential of Resveratrol in Carcinogen-Induced Rat Thyroid Tumorigenesis. Nutrients 2018; 10:E279. [PMID: 29495605 PMCID: PMC5872697 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine malignancy without reliable preventive agent. Resveratrol possesses in vitro anti-TC activities; while its effect(s) on thyroid tumorigenesis remains unknown. This study aims to address this issue using DEN/MNU/DHPN-induced rat carcinogenesis model. 50 male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into four groups as Group-1 (5 rats); normally fed; Group-2 (15 rats); DEN/MNU/DHPN treatment only; Group-3 (15 rats) and -4 (15 rats); DEN/MNU/DHPN treatment; followed by resveratrol intragastric (IG) injection and intraperitoneal (IP) injection; respectively; in two-day intervals for 30 weeks. The results revealed that the average resveratrol concentration in thyroid tissues was 1.278 ± 0.419 nmol/g in IG group and 1.752 ± 0.398 nmol/g in IP group. The final body weights of Group-3 and Group-4 were lighter than that (p > 0.05) of Group-1; but heavier than Group-2 (p < 0.05). TC-related lesions (hyperplasia and adenomas) were found in 53.3% of Group-2; 33.3% Group-3 and 26.7% Group-4. Lower serum carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) and thyroglobulin (Tg) levels; down-regulated expression of IL-6 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2); reduction of NF-κB/p65 nuclear translocation; and elevated IkBα expression were found in the thyroid tissues of Group-3 and Group-4 in comparison with that of Group-2. These results demonstrate that IG and IP administered resveratrol efficiently reduces the frequency and severity of DEN/MNU/DHPN-caused TC-related lesions and would be of values in thyroid tumor prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zheng
- Liaoning Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics and Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Bin Jia
- Liaoning Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics and Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Xue Song
- Liaoning Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics and Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Qing-You Kong
- Liaoning Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics and Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Mo-Li Wu
- Liaoning Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics and Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Ze-Wen Qiu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Liaoning Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics and Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Jia Liu
- Liaoning Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics and Department of Cell Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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Krishnan G, Subramaniyan J, Chengalvarayan Subramani P, Muralidharan B, Thiruvengadam D. Hesperetin conjugated PEGylated gold nanoparticles exploring the potential role in anti-inflammation and anti-proliferation during diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. Asian J Pharm Sci 2017; 12:442-455. [PMID: 32104357 PMCID: PMC7032104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer and one of the leading causes of death in the world, and second most common cause of death in men. Natural products emerge as the most enduring approaches in the development of anticancer targeting drug. Hesperetin (HP), one of the abundant flavonoids found naturally in citrus fruits, has received considerable attention in anti-cancer promotion and progression. The present study was conducted to decipher the role of 0.5 ml hesperetin conjugated gold nanoparticles (Au-mPEG(5000)-S-HP NPs) during diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in male Wistar albino rats and shows the better antioxidant that possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferation and anticarcinogenic properties and may modulate signaling pathways. The confirmation of polymer functionalized gold nanoparticles and drug loaded polymer gold nanoparticles were characterized by HR-TEM with EDAX, and DLS with Zeta potential techniques. The drug encapsulation efficiency and release properties were carried out in PBS at pH 7.4 for Au- mPEG(5000)-S-HP and compared with the control pure hesperetin (HP). Here, we review the role of mast cell counts, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), levels of glycoconjugates, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions, are the master regulator of inflammation and proliferation, in the development of hepatocellular injury, liver fibrosis and HCC. DEN-administered animals showed increased mast cell counts, tumor necrosis factor alpha, transcription factor nuclear factor-κB, glycoconjugates, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions. Whereas Au-mPEG(5000)-S-HP NPs supplementation considerably suppressed all the above abnormalities. These results suggest that the Au-mPEG(5000)-S-HP NPs exhibited the better potential anticancer activity by inhibiting cell inflammation and proliferation in DEN-induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokuladhas Krishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jayakumar Subramaniyan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | | | - Devaki Thiruvengadam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600 025, Tamilnadu, India
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Ting CT, Kuo CJ, Hu HY, Lee YL, Tsai TH. Prescription frequency and patterns of Chinese herbal medicine for liver cancer patients in Taiwan: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Health Insurance Research Database. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:118. [PMID: 28219357 PMCID: PMC5319102 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1628-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is frequently provided to HCC patients. The aim of this study was to understand the prescription frequency and patterns of CHM for HCC patients by analyzing the claims data from the National Health Insurance (NHI) in Taiwan. METHODS We identified 73918 newly diagnosed HCC subjects from the database of Registry for Catastrophic Illness during 2002 to 2009 and to analyze the frequency and pattern of corresponding CHM prescriptions for HCC patients. RESULTS There were a total of 685,079 single Chinese herbal prescriptions and 553,952 Chinese herbal formula prescriptions used for 17,373 HCC subjects before 2 years of HCC diagnosis. Among the 13,093 HCC subjects who used CHMs after HCC diagnosis, there were 462,786 single Chinese herbal prescriptions and 300,153 Chinese herbal formula prescriptions were counted. By adjusting with person-year and ratio of standardized incidence rate, the top ten prescribed single herbal drugs and Chinese herbal formulas for HCC patients were described in our study. Among them, we concluded that, Oldenlandia diffusa (Chinese herbal name: Bai-Hua-She-She-Cao), Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Da Huang) and the herbal preparation of Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang and Gan-Lu-Yin, were the most obviously increased and important CHMs been used for HCC patients. CONCLUSION We established an accurate and validated method for the actual frequency and patterns of CHM use in treating HCC in Taiwan. We propose that these breakthrough findings may have important implications for HCC therapy, clinical trials and modernization of CHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Tsung Ting
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Li-Nong Street, Section 2, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Jue Kuo
- Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University and Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Yun Hu
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Lee
- Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentistry, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, No. 33 Zhonghua Rd., Sec. 2, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 155, Li-Nong Street, Section 2, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, Taiwan.
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Gokuladhas K, Jayakumar S, Rajan B, Elamaran R, Pramila CS, Gopikrishnan M, Tamilarasi S, Devaki T. Exploring the Potential Role of Chemopreventive Agent, Hesperetin Conjugated Pegylated Gold Nanoparticles in Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Male Wistar Albino Rats. Indian J Clin Biochem 2016; 31:171-84. [PMID: 27069325 PMCID: PMC4820423 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-015-0520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer and is still one of the leading causes of death world wide, due to food additives, alcohol, fungal toxins, air, toxic industrial chemicals, and water pollutants. Chemopreventive drugs play a potential role in liver cancer treatment. Obviously in the production of anticancer drugs, the factors like poor solubility, bioavailability, biocompatibility, limited chemical stability, large amount of dose etc., plays a major role. Against this backdrop, the idea of designing the chemopreventive nature of bio flavanoid hesperetin (HP) drug conjugated with pegylated gold nanoparticles to increasing the solubility, improve bioavailability and enhance the targeting capabilities of the drug during diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced liver cancer in male wistar albino rats. The dose fixation studies and the toxicity of pure HP and HP conjugated gold nanoparticles (Au-mPEG(5000)-S-HP) were analysed. After concluded the dose fixation and toxicity studies the experimental design were segregated in six groups for the anticancer analysis of DEN induced HCC for 16 weeks. After the experimental period the body weight, relative liver weight, number of nodules and size of nodules, the levels of tumor markers like CEA, AFP and the level of lipid peroxidation, lipid hydroperoxides and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were assessed. The administration of DEN to rats resulted in increased relative liver weight and serum marker enzymes aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase. The levels of lipid peroxides elevated (in both serum and tissue) with subsequent decrease in the final body weight and tissue antioxidants like superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidise, and glutathione reductase. HP supplementation (20 mg/kg b.wt) significantly attenuated these alterations, thereby showing potent anticancer effect in liver cancer and the HP loaded gold nanoparticels (Au-mPEG(5000)-S-HP) treated animals shows the better treatment than the pure HP due to the solubility of drug, bioavailability and the target drug delivery of the biodegradable polymer. Histological observations were also carried out, which added supports to the chemopreventive action of the pure HP and HP loaded gold nanoparticles (Au-mPEG(5000)-S-HP) against DEN induction during liver cancer progression. These findings suggest that HP loaded gold nanoparticels (Au-mPEG(5000)-S-HP) shows better efficacy than the pure HP against lipid peroxidation, hepatic cell damage and protects the antioxidant system in DEN induced hepatocellular carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Gokuladhas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025 India
| | - Subramaniyan Jayakumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025 India
| | - Balan Rajan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025 India
| | - Ramasamy Elamaran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025 India
| | | | - Mani Gopikrishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025 India
| | - Sasivarman Tamilarasi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025 India
| | - Thiruvengadam Devaki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 025 India
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Kazama I, Miura C, Nakajima T. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Quickly Resolve Symptoms Associated with EBV-Induced Infectious Mononucleosis in Patients with Atopic Predispositions. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2016; 17:84-8. [PMID: 26874639 PMCID: PMC4758334 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.895399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Case series Patient: Female, 24 • Male, 35 Final Diagnosis: EBV-induced infectious mononucleosis Symptoms: Fever • general malaise • lymphadenopathy Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Physical examination and serological testing Specialty: Infectious diseases
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsuro Kazama
- Department of Physiology I, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicin, Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Chieko Miura
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakajima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Iwakiri Hospital, Miyagino-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Sini H, Devi K, Nevin K. Chloroform Extract of Solanum trilobatum Inhibits the Progress of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ijcr.2016.17.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Li Y, Guo P, Lin N, Li Q. Pharmacokinetics of di-phenyl-di-(2,4-dichlorbenzohydroxamato) tin (IV): A new metal-based candidate with promising antitumor activity in rats. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Design, synthesis and experimental validation of novel potential chemopreventive agents using random forest and support vector machine binary classifiers. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2014; 28:631-46. [PMID: 24840854 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-014-9748-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Compared to the current knowledge on cancer chemotherapeutic agents, only limited information is available on the ability of organic compounds, such as drugs and/or natural products, to prevent or delay the onset of cancer. In order to evaluate chemical chemopreventive potentials and design novel chemopreventive agents with low to no toxicity, we developed predictive computational models for chemopreventive agents in this study. First, we curated a database containing over 400 organic compounds with known chemoprevention activities. Based on this database, various random forest and support vector machine binary classifiers were developed. All of the resulting models were validated by cross validation procedures. Then, the validated models were applied to virtually screen a chemical library containing around 23,000 natural products and derivatives. We selected a list of 148 novel chemopreventive compounds based on the consensus prediction of all validated models. We further analyzed the predicted active compounds by their ease of organic synthesis. Finally, 18 compounds were synthesized and experimentally validated for their chemopreventive activity. The experimental validation results paralleled the cross validation results, demonstrating the utility of the developed models. The predictive models developed in this study can be applied to virtually screen other chemical libraries to identify novel lead compounds for the chemoprevention of cancers.
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Hamizah S, Roslida AH, Fezah O, Tan KL, Tor YS, Tan CI. Chemopreventive potential of Annona muricata L leaves on chemically-induced skin papillomagenesis in mice. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2013; 13:2533-9. [PMID: 22938417 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.6.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Annona muricata L (Annonaceae), commonly known as soursop has a long, rich history in herbal medicine with a lengthy recorded indigenous use. It had also been found to be a promising new anti-tumor agent in numerous in vitro studies. The present investigation concerns chemopreventive effects in a two-stage model of skin papillomagenesis. Chemopreventive effects of an ethanolic extract of A. muricata leaves (AMLE) was evaluated in 6-7 week old ICR mice given a single topical application of 7,12-dimethylbenza(α)anthracene (DMBA 100 μg/100 μl acetone) and promotion by repeated application of croton oil (1% in acetone/ twice a week) for 10 weeks. Morphological tumor incidence, burden and volume were measured, with histological evaluation of skin tissue. Topical application of AMLE at 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg significantly reduced DMBA/croton oil induced mice skin papillomagenesis in (i) peri-initiation protocol (AMLE from 7 days prior to 7 days after DMBA), (ii) promotion protocol (AMLE 30 minutes after croton oil), or (iii) both peri-initiation and promotion protocol (AMLE 7 days prior to 7 day after DMBA and AMLE 30 minutes after croton oil throughout the experimental period), in a dose dependent manner (p<0.05) as compared to carcinogen-treated control. Furthermore, the average latent period was significantly increased in the AMLE-treated group. Interestingly, At 100 and 300 mg/ kg, AMLE completely inhibited the tumor development in all stages. Histopathological study revealed that tumor growth from the AMLE-treated groups showed only slight hyperplasia and absence of keratin pearls and rete ridges. The results, thus suggest that the A.muricata leaves extract was able to suppress tumor initiation as well as tumor promotion even at lower dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulaiman Hamizah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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13
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Goel H, Thareja S, Malla P, Kumar M, Sinha VR. In silico predicative studies for cytotoxic potential of NSAIDs using self-organizing molecular field analysis. Int J Toxicol 2012; 31:390-6. [PMID: 22689635 DOI: 10.1177/1091581812444140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antiproliferative potential of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has generated an immense interest among the scientific fraternity to assess its broader role in the chemoprevention of colon cancer. Due to serious adverse events associated with the chemotherapy, NSAIDs have been exploited as adjuvants to synergize the cytotoxic potential of conventional chemotherapeutic agents at low-dose regimens. The present investigation has been focused on in silico model generation for in vitro cytotoxicity activity of the clinically active NSAIDs using self-organizing molecular field analysis (SOMFA) studies. A statistically validated robust model for a diverse group of NSAIDs having flexibility in structure and cytotoxicity activity was obtained using SOMFA. The statistical measures having good cross-validated correlation coefficient r (2) (cv) (.8291), noncross-validated correlation coefficient r (2) values (.8686), and high F test value (41.8722) proved significance in the generated model. Analysis of 3-dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship (3D-QSAR) models through electrostatic and shape grids provided additional valuable information regarding shape and electrostatic potential influence on in vitro cytotoxicity profile. The analysis of SOMFA results provided a better insight about the generation of molecular architecture of novel NSAIDs yet to be synthesized, with optimum in vitro cytotoxicity activity and improved therapeutic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honey Goel
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Centre of Advanced Study), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Balamurugan K, Karthikeyan J. Evaluation of Luteolin in the Prevention of N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Animal Model System. Indian J Clin Biochem 2012; 27:157-63. [PMID: 23543260 PMCID: PMC3358363 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-011-0166-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest tumors worldwide. The treatment of HCC is vital for disease diagnosis and prognosis, as the liver is the most important organ controlling metabolic functions. Now-a-days, western folklore medicines are largely dependent on the phyto compounds which are highly effective in therapy and with low side effects. Luteolin is a flavonoid (3,4,5,7-Tetrahydro flavones) possess anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti allergic property. The present study evaluates the efficacy of luteolin against N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) induced HCC in albino rats. In the highlight of the above, luteolin was evaluated for its efficacy against DEN induced HCC in male Wistar albino rats. The Biochemical parameters such as tissue damaging enzymes viz., AST, ALP, LDH and γ-GT, enzymatic antioxidants viz., SOD, CAT, GSH and GPx and histopathological changes have been estimated. The tissue damaging enzymes were found to be high in DEN alone treated group whereas the enzymatic antioxidants decreased destructively. Severe lesions and cirrhosis were observed in the toxin (DEN alone) treated group. The luteolin treated DEN group altered the tissue damaging enzymes and the enzymatic antioxidants. The damaged lesion in the histoarchitecture of DEN treated rat liver was almost completely restored. Finally this study strongly demonstrates that luteolin has potent curative property against HCC in albino rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Balamurugan
- Department of Biochemistry, PRIST University, Thanjavur, South India
| | - J. Karthikeyan
- Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Thanjavur, South India
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Haggag EG, Kamal AM, Abdelhady MIS, El-Sayed MM, El-Wakil EA, Abd-El-Hamed SS. Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of polyphenolic compounds isolated from the leaves of Leucenia leucocephala. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2011; 49:1103-1113. [PMID: 21595573 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.568623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cancer is a serious clinical problem to the health care system. Anticancer drugs have been extracted from plants containing phenolic compounds. Leucenia species (Fabaceae) contain a variety of bioactive components of numerous biological and pharmacological properties. OBJECTIVE This study explored the constitutive polyphenols of Leucenia leucocephala Lam. growing in Egypt and evaluated the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemical structures of the isolated compounds from the leaves of L. leucocephala were established by spectral techniques (UV, (1)H, and (13)C NMR, MS). RESULTS Chromatographic separation of 80% MeOH extract of the leaves of L. leucocephala have resulted in a novel flavonoid-galloyl glycoside [myricetin 3-O-(2',3'4'-tri-O-galloyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside] with three known polyphenolic compounds isolated for the first time from this species (apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside methyl ester, luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside methyl ester, and 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose) and seven known previously isolated compounds. Also, 80% methanol extract exhibited high antioxidant activity (SC(50) = 3.94 µg/ml), which is correlated with its phenolic content. The extract also showed cytotoxic activity against Hep G2 (IC(50) value 1.41 µg/ml) confirming its anticancer activity against hepatocellular carcinoma. Among the tested compounds (4-8) for antioxidant property, compound 7 was the most active compound (SC(50) = 2.49 µg/ml). Also compounds 7 and 8 exhibited high cytotoxic activity (IC(50) = 2.41 and 2.81 µg/ml, respectively). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that the leaves of L. leucocephala contain a considerable amount of polyphenolic compounds with high antioxidant properties, thus it has great potential as a source for natural health products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman G Haggag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Abdel-Hamid NM, Nazmy MH, Mahmoud AW, Fawzy MA, Youssof M. A survey on herbal management of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2011; 3:175-83. [PMID: 21866249 PMCID: PMC3158906 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v3.i7.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review we outline the different mechanisms mediating hepatocarcinogenesis. We also discuss possible targets of bioactive herbal agents at different stages of hepatocarcinogenesis and highlight their role at each individual stage. We gathered information on the most common herbal prescriptions and extracts thought to be useful in prevention or sensitization for chemotherapy in management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The value of this topic may seem questionable compared to the promise offered for HCC management by chemotherapy and radiation. However, we would recommend the use of herbal preparations not as alternatives to common chemo /and or radiotherapy, but rather for prevention among at-risk individuals, given that drug/herb interactions are still in need of extensive clarification. The bioactive constituents of various herbs seem to be promising targets for isolation, cancer activity screening and clinical evaluation. Finally, herbal preparations may offer a cost effective protective alternative to individuals known to have a high risk for HCC and possibly other cancers, through maintaining cell integrity, reversing oxidative stress and modulating different molecular pathways in preventing carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Mohie Abdel-Hamid
- Nabil Mohie Abdel-Hamid, Maiiada Hasan Nazmy, Ahmed Wahid Mahmoud, Michael Atef Fawzy, Marco Youssof, Biochemistry Department, Unit of Liver cancer research, Faulty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 002086, Egypt
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Samarghandian S, Boskabady MH, Davoodi S. Use of in vitro assays to assess the potential antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) in human lung cancer cell line. Pharmacogn Mag 2011; 6:309-14. [PMID: 21120034 PMCID: PMC2992145 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.71799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2010] [Revised: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saffron is harvested from the dried, dark red stigmas of Crocus sativus flowers. It is used as a spice for flavoring and coloring food as a perfume. It is often used for treating several diseases. We investigated the potential of the ethanolic extract of saffron to induce antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects in cultured carcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells in comparison with non-malignant (L929) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Both cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and treated with the ethanolic extract of saffron at various concentrations for two consecutive days. Our study resulted in sequences of events marked by apoptosis, such as loss of cell viability, morphology changes that were evaluated by MTT assay and invert-microscope, respectively. RESULTS The results showed that the ethanolic extract of saffron decreased cell viability in malignant cells as a concentration and time-dependent manner. The IC (50) values against the lung cancer cell line were determined as 1500 and 565 μg/ml after 24 and 48 h, respectively. However, the extract at different concentrations could not significantly decrease the cell viability in L929 cells. Morphology of MCF7 cells treated with the ethanolic extract confirmed the MTT results. CONCLUSION We also showed that even higher concentrations of saffron is safe for L929, but the extract exerts pro-apoptotic effects in a lung cancer-derived cell line and could be considered as a potential chemotherapeutic agent in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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18
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Abdel-Hamid NM, Nazmy MH, Abdel-Bakey AI. Polyol profile as an early diagnostic and prognostic marker in natural product chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma in diabetic rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 92:228-37. [PMID: 21388699 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It directs glucose to sorbitol and fructose in polyol pathway (PP). To pursue contribution of PP in hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS We utilized ascorbic acid (AA) and diallyl sulfide (DAS) in experimental DM and HCC against control. HCC was induced by diethyl nitrosamine (DENA, one intraperitoneal (IP) dose 125 mg/kg), DM, by streptozotocin (STZ, IP dose 65 mg/kg). AA was given as 7.4 g/kg/d, I.P., DAS 200mg/kg/d, orally. All animals were killed after 10 weeks. RESULTS DENA elevated serum AFP, erythrocyte sorbitol (ES), neoplastic changes in liver, lowered blood glucose, increased hepatocyte aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), significantly alleviated by DAS/AA combination. DM elevated ES activating AR, inhibiting SDH, improved by DAS and AA. CONCLUSION Co-induction of DM and HCC increased liver tissue lesion, serum AFP, ES, liver AR and SDH. Co-administration of DAS/AA reduced ES, AR without changing SDH. DAS/AA co-therapy lowered ES by depressing AR without affecting SDH, meaning that AR is activated by cancer and DM in different ways. PP is early marker for HCC detection and response to chemoprevention. DAS/AA combination is promising cost effective chemopreventive and anti-diabetic combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Egypt.
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Zhang K, Cui S, Wang J, Wang X, Li R. Study on antitumor activity of metal-based diketone complexes. Med Chem Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-011-9618-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kumar SS, Karrunakaran CM, Rao MRK, Balasubramanian MP. Inhibitory effects of Indigofera aspalathoides on 20-methylcholanthrene-induced chemical carcinogenesis in rats. J Carcinog 2011; 10:1. [PMID: 21297921 PMCID: PMC3030762 DOI: 10.4103/1477-3163.75458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The anticancer and antioxidant effects of the aqueous extract of Indigofera aspalathoides on 20-methylcholanthrene (20-MCA) induced fibrosarcoma were investigated in male albino rats. Materials and Methods: The rats were divided into four different groups, each group consisting of six animals. Group I animals were served as normal control, Group II animals were fibrosarcoma-bearing animals after the incubation period, Group III animals were fibrosarcoma-bearing animals, treated with aqueous extract of I. aspalathoides intraperitoneally at a dose of 250 mg/kg b.w. for 30 days and Group IV animals were administered with the aqueous extract of I. aspalathoides alone, at a dose of 250 mg/kg b.w. for 30 days, served as drug control animals. After the experimental period, all the rats were weighed and killed by cervical decapitation. The serum was separated from the blood for analysis. The weights of the liver and the kidneys were noted. The fibrosarcoma was proved by pathological examinations. The liver and kidney tissues were excised and then homogenized in an ice-cold buffer. These tissues were used for biochemical analysis. Results: The activities of antioxidant enzymes, e.g. catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in blood serum, liver, and kidney of control and experimental animals, respectively, have been reported. Conclusion: The present observations suggested that the aqueous extract of I. aspalathoides treatment enhanced the recovery from 20-MCA-induced fibrosarcoma due to its antioxidants and antineoplastic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Selva Kumar
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Bharath University, Chennai 600 073, India
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21
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Kapadia GJ, Azuine MA, Shigeta Y, Suzuki N, Tokuda H. Chemopreventive activities of etodolac and oxyphenbutazone against mouse skin carcinogenesis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:2546-8. [PMID: 20299217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.02.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Revised: 02/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous cancer chemoprevention studies have demonstrated that the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be effective in suppressing the development of various human malignancies. Recently we identified the possible anti-tumor promoting potentials of 14 new NSAIDs in the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation assay induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). In this study we report the inhibition of 7,12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene (DMBA) induced two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis by etodolac (ETD), one of the most potent NSAIDs identified in our in vitro cancer chemopreventive screening of this group of drugs. Topical administration of ETD at a very low dose of 85 nmol showed a significant decrease in both tumor incidence and burden. This effect is also accompanied by a delay in the tumor latency period. Since ETD showed potent chemopreventive activity in both in vitro and in vivo studies, it warrants prompt consideration for trial in humans as a potential cancer chemopreventive agent. We also investigated oxyphenbutazone (OPB) another commonly used NSAID for its cancer chemopreventive effect on peroxynitrite (PN) induced-TPA promoted skin tumors in the mouse. Following tumor initiation with 390 nmol of PN, the skin tumor promotion with 1.7 nmol of TPA was significantly inhibited by oral administration of 0.0025% OPB. The results demonstrate that OPB is a potent cancer chemopreventive agent in the highly sensitive in vivo mouse test model we used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind J Kapadia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
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22
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Singh BN, Singh BR, Sarma B, Singh H. Potential chemoprevention of N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by polyphenolics from Acacia nilotica bark. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 181:20-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2009] [Revised: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Raman N, Jeyamurugan R, Rajkapoor B, Magesh V. Metal‐based antitumor, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity: pharmacological evaluation of Knoevenagel condensate β‐diketone Schiff base thiosemicarbazone Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes. Appl Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Cai Q, Zhu KJ, Zhang J. Salicylic Acid and PEG-Contained Polyanhydrides: Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Salicylic Acid Release. Drug Deliv 2008; 12:97-102. [PMID: 15824034 DOI: 10.1080/10717540490446107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly [bi(o-carboxyphenyl)adipate-polyethylene glycol] anhydrides--P(BOCA-PEG)--polymeric drugs were synthesized and characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, NMR, DSC, gel permeation chromatography, etc. Salicylic acid loading efficiency of these polymers ranged from 43.5% to 71.3%, which was much higher than that of other polymeric drugs with salicylic acid. The in vitro release of salicylic acid from the polymers was carried out in buffer conditions with different pH values and and rat gastrointestinal contents. The results showed the release rate of salicylic acid increased with the increase of PEG content in the polymers and the increase of pH value of degradation buffer solution. The rat cecal contents also greatly promoted the release of salicylic acid. In 0.1M phosphate buffer solution at pH8.0, 37 degrees C containing 5% rat cecal contents, P(BOCA-PEG200)(80:20) had 15% salicylic acid released in 21 hr, indicating its potential use in colon-specific salicylic acid delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiang Cai
- Institute of Polymer Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310-027, P. R. China
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Hagos GK, Abdul-Hay SO, Sohn J, Edirisinghe PD, Chandrasena REP, Wang Z, Li Q, Thatcher GRJ. Anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and cytoprotective activity of NO chimera nitrates of use in cancer chemoprevention. Mol Pharmacol 2008; 74:1381-91. [PMID: 18676677 DOI: 10.1124/mol.108.046664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have shown promise in colorectal cancer (CRC), but they are compromised by gastrotoxicity. NO-NSAIDs are hybrid nitrates conjugated to an NSAID designed to exploit the gastroprotective properties of NO bioactivity. The NO chimera ethyl 2-((2,3-bis(nitrooxy)propyl)disulfanyl)benzoate (GT-094), a novel nitrate containing an NSAID and disulfide pharmacophores, is effective in vivo in rat models of CRC and is a lead compound for design of agents of use in CRC. Preferred chemopreventive agents possess 1) antiproliferative and 2) anti-inflammatory actions and 3) the ability to induce cytoprotective phase 2 enzymes. To determine the contribution of each pharmacophore to the biological activity of GT-094, these three biological activities were studied in vitro in compounds that deconstructed the structural elements of the lead GT-094. The anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative actions of GT-094 in vivo were recapitulated in vitro, and GT-094 was seen to induce phase 2 enzymes via the antioxidant responsive element. In the variety of colon, macrophage-like, and liver cell lines studied, the evidence from structure-activity relationships was that the disulfide structural element of GT-094 is the dominant contributor in vitro to the anti-inflammatory activity, antiproliferation, and enzyme induction. The results provide a direction for lead compound refinement. The evidence for a contribution from the NO mimetic activity of nitrates in vitro was equivocal, and combinations of nitrates with acetylsalicylic acid were inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghenet K Hagos
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Dunlap T, Abdul-Hay SO, Chandrasena REP, Hagos GK, Sinha V, Wang Z, Wang H, Thatcher GRJ. Nitrates and NO-NSAIDs in cancer chemoprevention and therapy: in vitro evidence querying the NO donor functionality. Nitric Oxide 2008; 19:115-24. [PMID: 18485921 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2008.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2008] [Revised: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2008] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Properties of the NO-ASA family of NO-donating NSAIDs (NO-NSAIDs), notably NCX 4016 (mNO-ASA) and NCX 4040 (pNO-ASA), reported in more than one hundred publications, have included positive preclinical data in cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Evidence is presented that the antiproliferative, the chemopreventive (antioxidant/electrophile response element (ARE) activation), and the anti-inflammatory activity of NO-ASA in cell cultures is replicated by X-ASA derivatives that are incapable of acting as NO donors. pBr-ASA and mBr-ASA are conisogenic with NO-ASA, but are not NO donors. The biological activity of pNO-ASA is replicated by pBr-ASA; and both pNO-ASA and pBr-ASA are bioactivated to the same quinone methide electrophile. The biological activity of mNO-ASA is replicated by mBr-ASA; mNO-ASA and mBr-ASA are bioactivated to different benzyl electrophiles. The observed activity is likely initiated by trapping of thiol biomolecules by the quinone and benzyl electrophiles, leading to depletion of GSH and modification of Cys-containing sensor proteins. Whereas all NO-NSAIDs containing the same structural "linker" as NCX 4040 and NCX 4016 are anticipated to possess activity resulting from bioactivation to electrophilic metabolites, this expectation does not extend to other linker structures. Nitrates require metabolic bioactivation to liberate NO bioactivity, which is often poorly replicated in vitro, and NO bioactivity provided by NO-NSAIDs in vivo provides proven therapeutic benefits in mitigation of NSAID gastrotoxicity. The in vivo properties of X-ASA drugs await discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareisha Dunlap
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Vieira JRC, de Souza IA, do Nascimento SC, Leite SP. Indigofera suffruticosa: an alternative anticancer therapy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2007; 4:355-9. [PMID: 17965767 PMCID: PMC1978235 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nel102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2006] [Accepted: 10/30/2006] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Indigofera suffruticosa Mill (Fabeceae) occurs in the Northeast countryside and has intensive popular use in the treatment of infectious, inflammatory and other processes. The main aim of the present work was to investigate the cytotoxic and antitumor effects of aqueous extracts of leaves of I. suffruticosa obtained by infusion and maceration as well as to evaluate the toxicological properties. Aqueous extracts did not exhibit cytotoxicity against HEp-2 (human epidermoid cancer cell) cell lines by MTT method. From the aqueous extract by infusion, the toxicological assay showed low order of toxicity. The antitumor effect of aqueous extracts by infusion (64.53%) and maceration (62.62%) against sarcoma 180 in mice at a dose of 50 mg kg(-1) (intraperitoneally), based on low order of toxicity was comparable to the control group, which showed 100% development. Considering the low order of toxicity and that it is highly effective in inhibiting growth of solid tumors, the aqueous extracts of leaves of I. suffruticosa may be used as an alternative anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeymesson Raphael Cardoso Vieira
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Patologia do Centro de Ciências da Saúde Recife-PE Recife-PE, Brazil, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Antibióticos do Centro de Ciências Biológicas Recife-PE, Brazil and Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia do Centro de Ciências Biológicas Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Ivone Antônia de Souza
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Patologia do Centro de Ciências da Saúde Recife-PE Recife-PE, Brazil, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Antibióticos do Centro de Ciências Biológicas Recife-PE, Brazil and Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia do Centro de Ciências Biológicas Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Silene Carneiro do Nascimento
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Patologia do Centro de Ciências da Saúde Recife-PE Recife-PE, Brazil, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Antibióticos do Centro de Ciências Biológicas Recife-PE, Brazil and Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia do Centro de Ciências Biológicas Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Sônia Pereira Leite
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Patologia do Centro de Ciências da Saúde Recife-PE Recife-PE, Brazil, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Antibióticos do Centro de Ciências Biológicas Recife-PE, Brazil and Universidade Federal de Pernambuco/Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia do Centro de Ciências Biológicas Recife-PE, Brazil
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Hagos GK, Carroll RE, Kouznetsova T, Li Q, Toader V, Fernandez PA, Swanson SM, Thatcher GRJ. Colon cancer chemoprevention by a novel NO chimera that shows anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activity in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2007; 6:2230-9. [PMID: 17699720 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-07-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chemopreventive agents in colorectal cancer possess either antiproliferative or anti-inflammatory actions. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors have shown promise, but are compromised by side effects. Nitric oxide donor NSAIDs are organic nitrates conjugated via a labile linker to an NSAID, originally designed for use in pain relief, that have shown efficacy in colorectal cancer chemoprevention. The NO chimera, GT-094, is a novel nitrate containing an NSAID and disulfide pharmacophores, a lead compound for the design of agents specifically for colorectal cancer. GT-094 is the first nitrate reported to reduce aberrant crypt foci (by 45%) when administered after carcinogen in the standard azoxymethane rat model of colorectal cancer. Analysis of proximal and distal colon tissue from 8- and 28-week rat/azoxymethane studies showed that GT-094 treatment reduced colon crypt proliferation by 30% to 69%, reduced inducible NO synthase (iNOS) levels by 33% to 67%, reduced poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 expression and cleavage 2- to 4-fold, and elevated levels of p27 in the distal colon 3-fold. Studies in cancer cell cultures recapitulated actions of GT-094: antiproliferative activity and transient G(2)-M phase cell cycle block were measured in Caco-2 cells; apoptotic activity was examined but not observed; anti-inflammatory activity was seen in the inhibition of up-regulation of iNOS and endogenous NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. In summary, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective activity observed in vivo and in vitro support GT-094 as a lead compound for the design of NO chimeras for colorectal cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghenet K Hagos
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Ramakrishnan G, Raghavendran HRB, Vinodhkumar R, Devaki T. Suppression of N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis by silymarin in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2006; 161:104-14. [PMID: 16643877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2006.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2006] [Revised: 03/03/2006] [Accepted: 03/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants are one of the key players in tumorigenesis, several natural and synthetic antioxidants were shown to have anticancer effects. In the present investigation the efficacy of silymarin on the antioxidant status of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar albino male rats were assessed. The animals were divided into five groups. The animals in the groups 1 and 3 were normal control and silymarin control, respectively. Groups 2, 4 and 5 were administered with 0.01% NDEA in drinking water for 15 weeks to induce hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Starting 1 week prior to NDEA administration group 4 animals were treated with silymarin in diet for 16 weeks, 10 weeks after NDEA administration group 5 animals were treated with silymarin and continued till the end of the experiment period (16 weeks). After the experimental period the body weight, relative liver weight, number of nodules, size of nodules, the levels of lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes were assessed in both haemolysate and liver tissue. In group 2 hepatocellular carcinoma induced animals there was an increase in the number of nodules, relative liver weight. The levels of lipid peroxides were elevated with subsequent decrease in the body weight, (glutathione) GSH, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). In contrast, silymarin + NDEA treated groups 4 and 5 animals showed a significant decrease in the number of nodules with concomitant decrease in the lipid peroxidation status. The levels of GSH and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in both haemolysate and liver were improved when compared with hepatocellular carcinoma induced group 2 animals. The electron microscopy studies were also carried out which supports the chemopreventive action of the silymarin against NDEA administration during liver cancer progression. These findings suggest that silymarin suppresses NDEA induced hepatocarcinogenesis by modulating the antioxidant defense status of the animals.
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Rajkapoor B, Murugesh N, Chodon D, Sakthisekaran D. Chemoprevention of N-nitrosodiethylamine induced phenobarbitol promoted liver tumors in rat by extract of Indigofera aspalathoides. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:364-6. [PMID: 15684501 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The chemopreventive effect of ethanol extract of Indigofera aspalathoides (EIA) on N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN, 200 mg/kg)-induced experimental liver tumor was investigated in male Wistar rats. Oral administration of ethanol extract of Indigofera aspalathoides (250 mg/kg) effectively suppressed liver tumor induced with DEN as revealed by decrease in the levels of extend of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, gamma glutamate transpeptidase (GGTP), lipid peroxidase (LPO), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) with a concomitant increase in enzymatic antioxidant (superoxide dismutase and catalase) levels when compared to those in liver tumor bearing rats. The histopathological changes of liver sample were compared with respective control. Our results show a significant chemopreventive effect of EIA against DEN induced liver tumor.
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Colombo D, Franchini L, Toma L, Ronchetti F, Nakabe N, Konoshima T, Nishino H, Tokuda H. Anti-tumor-promoting activity of simple models of galactoglycerolipids with branched and unsaturated acyl chains. Eur J Med Chem 2005; 40:69-74. [PMID: 15642411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2004.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2004] [Revised: 09/09/2004] [Accepted: 09/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Six new galactoglycerolipid analogs, in which one or two 4-methylpentanoyl or trans-2-butenoyl groups are linked to the 2-O-beta-D-galactosylglycerol skeleton, were tested for their anti-tumor-promoting activity using a short-term in vitro assay for Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation. All these compounds were more active than their linear or saturated reference compounds in inhibiting the EBV activation promoted by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), the diester 1-O-(4-methylpentanoyl)-2-O-[6-O-(4-methylpentanoyl)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl]-sn-glycerol resulting the most active glycoglycerolipid analog till now tested. Four compounds (three butenoates and one 4-methylpentanoate), when tested in the in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis test, exhibited also inhibitory effects on mouse skin tumor promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Colombo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biochimica e Biotecnologie per la Medicina, Università di Milano, Via Saldini 50, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Kapadia GJ, Azuine MA, Sridhar R, Okuda Y, Tsuruta A, Ichiishi E, Mukainake T, Takasaki M, Konoshima T, Nishino H, Tokuda H. Chemoprevention of DMBA-induced UV-B promoted, NOR-1-induced TPA promoted skin carcinogenesis, and DEN-induced phenobarbital promoted liver tumors in mice by extract of beetroot. Pharmacol Res 2003; 47:141-8. [PMID: 12543062 DOI: 10.1016/s1043-6618(02)00285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies identified the extract of Beta vulgaris (beetroot), commercially also known as betanin, as a potent cancer chemopreventive agent in both in vitro Epstein-Barr early antigen activation assay and in an in vivo two-stage mouse lung and skin carcinogenesis. To explore this issue further, we have now investigated its cancer chemopreventive potentials in three different chemical carcinogen initiation-promotion experimental tumor models in mice. Following tumor initiation with 390 nmol of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) in 100 microl of acetone, the mouse skin tumor promotion with 3430 J/m(2) of ultraviolet light-B (UV-B) as well as splenomegaly was significantly inhibited by oral administration of 0.0025% betanin. At the same dose, betanin also afforded significant protection in the mouse skin cancer model following the topical application of 390 nmol of (+/-)-(E)-4-methyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyamino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexanamide (NOR-1) in 100 microl of acetone and promoted by topical administration of 1.7 nmol of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). In the two-stage model of hepatocarcinogenesis in mice with N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN, 30 mg/kg) as the initiator and phenobarbital as the promoter, oral administration of 0.0025% betanin also showed a very significant inhibition of both the incidence and multiplicity of the liver tumors. These findings along with our initial reports suggest that betanin which is a regularly consumed natural product colorant is an effective cancer chemopreventive agent in mice. The most interesting observation is that the cancer chemopreventive effect was exhibited at a very low dose used in the study and thus indicating that beetroot warrants more attention for possible human applications in the control of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind J Kapadia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Howard University, 2300 4th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
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