1
|
Mu K, Zhang J, Feng X, Zhang D, Li K, Li R, Yang P, Mao S. Sedative-hypnotic effects of Boropinol-B on mice via activation of GABAA receptors. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:57-65. [PMID: 36385301 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Boropinol-B is a phenylpropanoid compound originally isolated from Boronia pinnata Sm. (Rutaceae). This study aimed to evaluate the sedative-hypnotic effects of Boropinol-B and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep mouse model and caffeine-induced insomnia mouse model were used to investigate the sedative effects of Boropinol-B. Pharmacokinetics profiles of Boropinol-B in rats were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The effects of Boropinol-B on the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system were investigated using ELISA assay and patch-clamp technique. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were carried out to assess the effects of Boropinol-B on sleep-related brain nucleus. KEY FINDINGS Boropinol-B showed significant sedative effects, including reduced sleep latency, increased sleep duration in pentobarbital sodium-treated mice and decreased locomotor activity in insomnia mice. Pharmacokinetics studies demonstrated that Boropinol-B had a rapid onset of action, a short half-life and no accumulation. It increased the GABA level in mice's brain, and promoted chloride ions influx mediated by the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors in neurons. Also, it increased the c-Fos positive ratio of GABAergic neurons in ventrolateral preoptic nucleus and decreased c-Fos expression in tuberomammillary nucleus. CONCLUSION Boropinol-B showed significant sedative-hypnotic effects in mice by activating the GABAA receptors and stimulating the sleep-related brain nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keman Mu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinqian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kangning Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengjun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rahman MM, Islam MR, Akash S, Shohag S, Ahmed L, Supti FA, Rauf A, Aljohani AM, Al Abdulmonem W, Khalil AA, Sharma R, Thiruvengadam M. Naphthoquinones and derivatives as potential anticancer agents: An updated review. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 368:110198. [PMID: 36179774 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
One of the leading global causes of death is cancer; even though several treatment methods have improved survival rates, the incidence and fatality rates remain high. Naphthoquinones are a type of quinone that is found in nature and has vital biological roles. These chemicals have anticancer (antineoplastic), analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antifungal, antiviral, antitrypanosomal, antischistosomal, leishmanicidal, and anti-ulcerative effects. Direct addition of a substituent group to the 1,4-naphthoquinone ring can alter the naphthoquinone's oxidation/reduction and acid/base characteristics, and the activity can be altered. Because of their pharmacological properties, such as anticancer activity and probable therapeutic application, naphthoquinones have greatly interested the scientific community. Some chemicals having a quinone ring in malignant cells have been found to have antiproliferative effects. Naphthoquinones' deadly impact is connected with the inhibition of electron transporters, the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, the creation of ROS, and the formation of protein adducts, notably with -SH enzyme groups. This review article aims to discuss naphthoquinones and their derivatives, which act against cancer and their future perspectives. This review covers several studies highlighting the potent anticancer properties of naphthoquinones. Further, various proposed mechanisms of anticancer actions of naphthoquinones have been summarized in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Shohag
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Earth and Ocean Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Maritime University, Mirpur 12, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Limon Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fatema Akter Supti
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1207, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Anbar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - AbdullahS M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anees Ahmed Khalil
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore-Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Konkuk University, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Raksat A, Maneerat W, Rujanapun N, Andersen RJ, Pyne SG, Laphookhieo S. Antibacterial and Inhibitory Activities against Nitric Oxide Production of Coumaronochromones and Prenylated Isoflavones from Millettia extensa. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2343-2348. [PMID: 31403786 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A chemical investigation of leaf and root extracts of Millettia extensa led to the isolation and structural elucidation of four new prenylated isoflavones, millexatins G-J (1-4), and three new coumaronochromones, millexatins K-M (5-7), along with 16 known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of NMR and MS data. Compound 4 is a rare isoflavone having a 2-hydroxyethyl moiety at C-8, whereas the structures of compounds 5-7 formally arise from a ring closure through HO-2' and C-2. The absolute configurations at the C-2 and C-3 positions of 5 and 6 were determined from their ECD spectra through comparison with those of previously reported compounds. Most of compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory effects against nitric oxide (NO) production on RAW264.7 macrophages and their antibacterial activities. Compounds 18 and 19 inhibited NO production with IC50 values of 8.5 and 14.3 μM, respectively. Compounds 13 and 14 showed antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive bacteria with MIC values ranging from 2 to 8 μg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achara Raksat
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) , Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai 57100 , Thailand
- School of Science , Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai 57100 , Thailand
| | - Wisanu Maneerat
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) , Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai 57100 , Thailand
- School of Science , Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai 57100 , Thailand
| | - Narawadee Rujanapun
- Center of Excellence in Medicinal Plants and Thai Traditional Medicine , Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai 57100 , Thailand
| | - Raymond J Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences , University of British Columbia , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , BC , Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Stephen G Pyne
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , New South Wales 2522 , Australia
| | - Surat Laphookhieo
- Center of Chemical Innovation for Sustainability (CIS) , Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai 57100 , Thailand
- School of Science , Mae Fah Luang University , Chiang Rai 57100 , Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hu HB, Liang HP, Li HM, Yuan RN, Sun J, Zhang LL, Han MH, Wu Y. Isolation, modification and cytotoxic evaluation of stilbenoids from Acanthopanax leucorrhizus. Fitoterapia 2018; 124:167-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
5
|
da Silva CR, Michel V, Genovese S, Prévost MC, Epifano F, Touati E. Anti-Helicobacter Pylori Activities of Natural Isopentenyloxycinnamyl Derivatives from Boronia Pinnata. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200701024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we investigated the anti- Helicobacter pylori activity of four isopentenyloxycinnamyl derivatives from the Australian shrub Boronia pinnata Sm. (Rutaceae), structurally related to boropinic acid: ( E)-3-(4-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylaldehyde (1), boropinol C (2), boropinal (3) and boropinol A (4). In vitro growth of H. pylori strains 26695 and B128 was analyzed in liquid culture with increasing doses of these compounds. Bacterial morphology was visualized by scanning electron microscopy. The in vivo effects of the two most efficient molecules that reduced bacterial growth in vitro, compounds 3 and 4, were investigated on H. pylori gastric colonization in the mouse model. The presence of these compounds in the bacterial cultures led to alterations of bacterial surface and flagella. In vivo, both compounds 3 and 4 at 250 μM reduced significantly the ability of H. pylori to colonize the gastric mucosa of mice, compared with untreated ones. These data indicate that these natural isopentenyloxycinnamyl derivatives related to boropinic acid can be considered as novel antibacterial agents with anti- H. pylori activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Ribeiro da Silva
- Unit of Helicobacter Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur,75724 Paris cedex 15, France
- CNRS-ERL3526, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur,75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Valérie Michel
- Unit of Helicobacter Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur,75724 Paris cedex 15, France
- CNRS-ERL3526, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur,75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università “G. D'Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Marie-Christine Prévost
- Plateform of Ultrastructurale Microscopy, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università “G. D'Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Eliette Touati
- Unit of Helicobacter Pathogenesis, Institut Pasteur,75724 Paris cedex 15, France
- CNRS-ERL3526, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur,75724 Paris cedex 15, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tatsuzaki J, Nakagawa-Goto K, Tokuda H, Lee KH. Cancer preventive agents 10. Prenylated dehydrozingerone analogs as potent chemopreventive agents. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2010; 12:227-232. [PMID: 20390770 PMCID: PMC2856110 DOI: 10.1080/10286021003591617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Dehydrozingerone analogs and related compounds were screened as potential antitumor promoters by using the in vitro short-term 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation assay. Among the 40 synthesized compounds, the prenylated analogs 16 and 34-36 showed the most significant and promising activity (100% inhibition of activation at 1 x 10(3) mol ratio/TPA, and 82-80%, 37-35%, and 13-11% inhibition at 5 x 10(2), 1 x 10(2), and 1 x 10 mol ratio/TPA, respectively) in this screening. Their activity profiles were comparable to those of the reference standard curcumin. While a prenyl moiety conferred potent chemopreventive activity, an extended prenyl unit such as a farnesyl moiety did not improve activity. Because in vitro inhibitory effects in this assay generally correlate well with in vivo inhibitory effects on tumor promotion, our results strongly suggested that prenylated 16 and 34-36 are likely to be promising antitumor promoters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Tatsuzaki
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA
| | - Kyoko Nakagawa-Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA
| | - Harukuni Tokuda
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
FURUKAWA H. Search of Novel Bioactive Natural Products from Plant Sources—Novel Structures and Biological Activities—. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2009; 129:1155-75. [DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.129.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
8
|
MassimoCurini, Genovese S, Menghini L, Marcotullio MC, Epifano F. Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Boronia Pinnata Sm. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800301235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Boronia pinnata Sm. (Rutaceae) is a plant that is widespread in New South Wales (Australia). Although there are no reports about the use of this species in the local ethnomedical traditions, recent investigations led to the characterization of several secondary metabolites, most belonging to the class of prenyloxyphenylpropanoids. Some of the compounds extracted from B. pinnata showed valuable biological properties, such as anti-inflammatory activity and in vitro inhibition of growth of Helicobacter pylori. The aim of this review is to cover what has been reported so far in the literature on the title plant from a phytochemical and pharmacological point of view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MassimoCurini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sezione di Chimica Organica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo, Perugia, Italy 06123
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sezione di Chimica Organica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo, Perugia, Italy 06123
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università “G. D'Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy 66013
| | - Maria Carla Marcotullio
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Sezione di Chimica Organica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo, Perugia, Italy 06123
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università “G. D'Annunzio”, Via dei Vestini 31, 66013, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy 66013
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bioactive Constituents of the Genus Hernandia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(05)80042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
|
10
|
Itoigawa M, Ito C, Tokuda H, Enjo F, Nishino H, Furukawa H. Cancer chemopreventive activity of phenylpropanoids and phytoquinoids from Illicium plants. Cancer Lett 2004; 214:165-9. [PMID: 15363542 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2004.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2004] [Revised: 05/06/2004] [Accepted: 05/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In our joint project involving search of anti-tumor promoters from natural plant sources, six phenylpropanoids and seven phytoquinoids isolated from three Illicium plants (Illiciaceae) were tested for their inhibitory activities against Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in Raji cells. All tested compounds showed inhibitory activity against the EBV-EA activation even at 1 x 10mol ratio, and the inhibitory activity of their compounds was found to be more than that of beta-carotene. Two phenylpropanoids having prenyl group, 4-allyl-2-methoxy-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)phenol (3) and 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)phenol (4), showed more potent activities as anti-tumor promoters (IC50 224 and 217 mol ratio/TPA, respectively). The presence of a prenyl moiety in the phenylpropanoids plays an important role in anti-tumor promoting activity as xanthone, coumarin and flavonoid previously reported. This investigation indicated that prenylated phenylpropanoids might be valuable as potential cancer chemopreventive agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Itoigawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
ravelo ÁG, Estévez-braun A, Pérez-sacau E. The chemistry and biology of lapachol and related natural products α and β-lapachones. BIOACTIVE NATURAL PRODUCTS (PART J) 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(03)80017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
12
|
Uesato S, Taniuchi K, Kumagai A, Nagaoka Y, Seto R, Hara Y, Tokuda H, Nishino H. Inhibitory Effects of 3-O-Acyl-(+)-catechins on Epstein-Barr Virus Activation. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2003; 51:1448-50. [PMID: 14646330 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.51.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the course of an exploratory investigation of antitumor-promoting catechins, 3-O-acyl-(+)-catechins of varying carbon lengths from C(4) to C(18) were assessed for inhibitory effects on the activation of the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen. Like 3-O-acyl-(-)-epigallocatechins, the (+)-catechin derivatives showed promising effects with the C-3 acyl chain of C(8)-C(11) carbon atoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Uesato
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Knasmüller S, Steinkellner H, Majer BJ, Nobis EC, Scharf G, Kassie F. Search for dietary antimutagens and anticarcinogens: methodological aspects and extrapolation problems. Food Chem Toxicol 2002; 40:1051-62. [PMID: 12067564 DOI: 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00101-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is well documented that dietary factors play a crucial role in the aetiology of human cancer and strong efforts have been made to identify protective (antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic) substances in foods. Although numerous studies have been published, it is problematic to use these results for the development of nutritional strategies. The aim of this article is a critical discussion of the pitfalls and problems associated with the search for protective compounds. The main obstacles in regard to the extrapolation of the data to the human situation arise from: (i) the use of inadequate experimental in vitro models, which do not reflect protective mechanisms in man and therefore give misleading results; (ii) the use of genotoxins and carcinogens that are not relevant for humans; (iii) the lack of knowledge about dose-effect relationships of DNA-protective and cancer protective dietary constituents; (iv) the use of exposure concentrations in animal models which exceed by far the human exposure levels; and finally (v) the lack of knowledge on the time-kinetics of protective effects. More relevant data can be expected from in vitro experiments with cells possessing inducible phase I and phase II enzymes, short-term in vivo models with laboratory animals which enable the measurement of effects in organs that are targets for tumour formation, and human biomonitoring studies in which endpoints are used that are related to DNA damage and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Knasmüller
- Institute of Cancer Research, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Itoigawa M, Ito C, Ju-ichi M, Nobukuni T, Ichiishi E, Tokuda H, Nishino H, Furukawa H. Cancer chemopreventive activity of flavanones on Epstein-Barr virus activation and two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett 2002; 176:25-9. [PMID: 11790450 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To search for possible cancer chemopreventive agents from natural sources, we performed primary screening of ten flavanones isolated from plants belonging to Rutaceae and Leguminosae by examining their possible inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) early antigen activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in Raji cells. All of the flavanones tested in this study showed inhibitory activity against EBV, without showing any cytotoxicity. Amorilin (3), which has three prenyl (3-methyl-2-butenyl) side-chains in the molecule, showed the most potent activity. Furthermore, lupinifolin (5) exhibited a marked inhibitory effect on mouse skin tumor promotion in an in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis test. These results indicate that some of these prenylated flavanones might be valuable as potential cancer chemopreventive agents (anti-tumor promoters).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Itoigawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Itoigawa M, Ito C, Tan HT, Okuda M, Tokuda H, Nishino H, Furukawa H. Cancer chemopreventive activity of naphthoquinones and their analogs from Avicennia plants. Cancer Lett 2001; 174:135-9. [PMID: 11689288 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
As a part of screening studies for cancer chemopreventive agents (anti-tumor promoters), six natural and four synthetic naphthoquinones and five of their analogs were tested for their inhibitory activities against Epstein-Barr virus early antigen activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in Raji cells. Some of the 1,4-naphthoquinones and their analogs were found to show remarkably potent activities, without showing any cytotoxicity. 1,4-Furanonaphthoquinone (5) and its analog (9) isolated from Avicennia plants (Avicenniaceae), having an alcoholic OH group on the dihydrofuran-ring, displayed the most potent activity. Furthermore, avicenol-A (9) exhibited a marked inhibitory effect on mouse skin tumor promotion in an in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis test. The result of the present investigation indicated that some of these 1,4-naphthoquinones and their analogs might be valuable as potent cancer chemopreventive agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Itoigawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Uesato S, Kitagawa Y, Kaijima T, Tokuda H, Okuda M, Mou XY, Mukainaka T, Nishino H. Inhibitory effects of 6-O-acylated L-ascorbic acids possessing a straight- or branched-acyl chain on Epstein-Barr virus activation. Cancer Lett 2001; 166:143-6. [PMID: 11311486 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(01)00444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
6-O-Acylated L-ascorbic acids possessing a straight- or branched-acyl chain of varying length from C(4) to C(18) have been synthesized and evaluated their anti-tumor promoting effects on the activation of the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen. The derivatives having a straight- or branched-acyl chain of C(6) to C(11) carbon atoms exhibited marked effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Uesato
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Kansai University, Suita, 564-8680, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Uesato S, Kitagawa Y, Hara Y, Tokuda H, Okuda M, Mou XY, Mukainaka T, Nishino H. Antitumor promoting activities of 3-O-acyl-(-)epigallocatechins. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:1673-5. [PMID: 10937722 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00314-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
As an exploratory investigation of antitumor promoting compounds, 3-O-acyl-(-)-epigallocatechins possessing a straight-, branched-, phenyl-inserted- or 1,4-phenylene-inserted-acyl chain of varying length from C4 to C18 were synthesized and evaluated their inhibitory effects against the activation of the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA). It was indicated that the epigallocatechin derivatives having the straight- or branched-acyl chain of C8 to C11 carbon atoms achieve marked effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Uesato
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Kansai University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ito C, Itoigawa M, Tan HT, Tokuda H, Yang Mou X, Mukainaka T, Ishikawa T, Nishino H, Furukawa H. Anti-tumor-promoting effects of isoflavonoids on Epstein-Barr virus activation and two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis. Cancer Lett 2000; 152:187-92. [PMID: 10773411 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(00)00331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
As a part of screening studies for anti-tumor promoters, fifteen isoflavonoids isolated from plants of the genus Millettia (Leguminosae) were evaluated by examining their possible inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in Raji cells. All of the compounds tested in this study showed inhibitory activity against EBV, without showing any cytotoxicity. Auriculasin (11) and millepurone (13), which is an oxidized isoflavone analogue, both having one or more prenyl side-chains and a 3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl group in the molecule, showed more potent activity than any of the other compounds tested. Furthermore, millepurone (13) exhibited a marked inhibitory effect on mouse skin tumor promotion in an in vivo two-stage carcinogenesis test. The results of the present investigation indicate that some of these isoflavonoids might be valuable anti-tumor promoters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Ito
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Tempaku, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Williamson EM. Selected bibliography. Phytother Res 1999; 13:702-8. [PMID: 10594945 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1573(199912)13:8<702::aid-ptr595>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|