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Kan BF, Liu XY, Han MM, Yang CW, Zhu X, Jin Y, Wang D, Huang X, Wu WJ, Fu T, Kang F, Zhang Z, Li J. Nerve Growth Factor/Tyrosine Kinase A Receptor Pathway Enhances Analgesia in an Experimental Mouse Model of Bone Cancer Pain by Increasing Membrane Levels of δ-Opioid Receptors. Anesthesiology 2024; 140:765-785. [PMID: 38118180 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of nerve growth factor (NGF)/tyrosine kinase A receptor (TrKA) signaling, which is activated in a variety of pain states, in regulating membrane-associated δ-opioid receptor (mDOR) expression is poorly understood. The hypothesis was that elevated NGF in bone cancer tumors could upregulate mDOR expression in spinal cord neurons and that mDOR agonism might alleviate bone cancer pain. METHODS Bone cancer pain (BCP) was induced by inoculating Lewis lung carcinoma cells into the femoral marrow cavity of adult C57BL/6J mice of both sexes. Nociceptive behaviors were evaluated by the von Frey and Hargreaves tests. Protein expression in the spinal dorsal horn of animals was measured by biochemical analyses, and excitatory synaptic transmission was recorded in miniature excitatory synaptic currents. RESULTS The authors found that mDOR expression was increased in BCP mice (BCP vs. sham, mean ± SD: 0.18 ± 0.01 g vs. mean ± SD: 0.13 ± 0.01 g, n = 4, P < 0.001) and that administration of the DOR agonist deltorphin 2 (Del2) increased nociceptive thresholds (Del2 vs. vehicle, median [25th, 75th percentiles]: 1.00 [0.60, 1.40] g vs. median [25th, 75th percentiles]: 0.40 [0.16, 0.45] g, n = 10, P = 0.001) and reduced miniature excitatory synaptic current frequency in lamina II outer neurons (Del2 vs. baseline, mean ± SD: 2.21 ± 0.81 Hz vs. mean ± SD: 2.43 ± 0.90 Hz, n = 12, P < 0.001). Additionally, NGF expression was increased in BCP mice (BCP vs. sham, mean ± SD: 0.36 ± 0.03 vs. mean ± SD: 0.16 ± 0.02, n = 4, P < 0.001), and elevated NGF was associated with enhanced mDOR expression via TrKA signaling. CONCLUSIONS Activation of mDOR produces analgesia that is dependent on the upregulation of the NGF/TrKA pathway by increasing mDOR levels under conditions of BCP in mice. EDITOR’S PERSPECTIVE
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu-Fan Kan
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xing-Yun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming-Ming Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xia Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Jie Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tong Fu
- Graduate School of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Fang Kang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China; and Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Hohenwarter L, Puil E, Rouhollahi E, Bohrmann L, Lu S, Saatchi K, Häfeli UO, Barr A, Böttger R, Viswanadham KKD, Li SD. A Novel Leu-Enkephalin Prodrug Produces Pain-Relieving and Antidepressant Effects. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:688-703. [PMID: 38243899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Persistent pain is a significant healthcare problem with limited treatment options. The high incidence of comorbid chronic pain and depression significantly reduces life quality and complicates the treatment of both conditions. Antidepressants are less effective for pain and depression than for depression alone and they induce severe side effects. Opioids are highly efficacious analgesics, but rapid development of tolerance, dependence, and debilitating side effects limit their efficacy and safe use. Leucine-enkephalin (Leu-ENK), the endogenous delta opioid receptor agonist, controls pain and mood and produces potent analgesia with reduced adverse effects compared to conventional opioids. High proteolytic instability, however, makes Leu-ENK ineffective after systemic administration and limits its clinical usefulness. KK-103, a Leu-ENK prodrug, was developed to overcome these limitations of Leu-ENK via markedly increased plasma stability in mice. We showed rapid and substantially increased systemic adsorption and blood plasma exposure of KK-103 compared to Leu-ENK. We also observed brain uptake of radiolabeled KK-103 after systemic administration, indicating a central effect of KK-103. We then established KK-103's prolonged antinociceptive efficacy in the ramped hot plate and formalin test. In both models, KK-103 produced a comparable dose to the maximum antinociceptive-effect relationship. The pain-alleviating effect of KK-103 primarily resulted from activating the delta opioid receptor after the likely conversion of KK-103 to Leu-ENK in vivo. Finally, KK-103 produced an antidepressant-like activity comparable to the antidepressant desipramine, but with minimal gastrointestinal inhibition and no incidence of sedation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Hohenwarter
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ernest Puil
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Elham Rouhollahi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Lennart Bohrmann
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shawna Lu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Katayoun Saatchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Urs O Häfeli
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Alasdair Barr
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Roland Böttger
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - K K DurgaRao Viswanadham
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Shyh-Dar Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Costa AR, Tavares I, Martins I. How do opioids control pain circuits in the brainstem during opioid-induced disorders and in chronic pain? Implications for the treatment of chronic pain. Pain 2024; 165:324-336. [PMID: 37578500 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Brainstem areas involved in descending pain modulation are crucial for the analgesic actions of opioids. However, the role of opioids in these areas during tolerance, opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH), and in chronic pain settings remains underappreciated. We conducted a revision of the recent studies performed in the main brainstem areas devoted to descending pain modulation with a special focus on the medullary dorsal reticular nucleus (DRt), as a distinctive pain facilitatory area and a key player in the diffuse noxious inhibitory control paradigm. We show that maladaptive processes within the signaling of the µ-opioid receptor (MOR), which entail desensitization and a switch to excitatory signaling, occur in the brainstem, contributing to tolerance and OIH. In the context of chronic pain, the alterations found are complex and depend on the area and model of chronic pain. For example, the downregulation of MOR and δ-opioid receptor (DOR) in some areas, including the DRt, during neuropathic pain likely contributes to the inefficacy of opioids. However, the upregulation of MOR and DOR, at the rostral ventromedial medulla, in inflammatory pain models, suggests therapeutic avenues to explore. Mechanistically, the rationale for the diversity and complexity of alterations in the brainstem is likely provided by the alternative splicing of opioid receptors and the heteromerization of MOR. In conclusion, this review emphasizes how important it is to consider the effects of opioids at these circuits when using opioids for the treatment of chronic pain and for the development of safer and effective opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Costa
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S- Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Costa is now with the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden and Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Isaura Tavares
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S- Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Costa is now with the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden and Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
| | - Isabel Martins
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- I3S- Institute of Investigation and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. Costa is now with the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden and Science for Life Laboratory, Solna, Sweden
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Madhusudanan P, Jerard C, Raju G, Katiyar N, Shankarappa SA. Nerve terminals in the tumor microenvironment as targets for local infiltration analgesia. Neurosci Res 2023; 196:40-51. [PMID: 37336292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Nerve terminals within the tumor microenvironment as potential pain-mitigating targets for local infiltration analgesia is relatively less explored. In this study, we examine the role of key analgesics administered as local infiltration analgesia in a model of cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP). CIBP was induced by administration of allogenic MRMT1 breast cancer cells in the proximal tibia of rats, and tumor mass characterized using radiogram, micro-CT, and histological analysis. In vitro responsiveness to key analgesics δ-opioid receptor agonist (DOPr), Ca2+ channel and TRPV1 antagonists was assessed using ratiometric Ca2+ imaging in sensory neurons innervating the tumor site. Effectiveness of locally infiltrated analgesics administered independently or in combination was assessed by quantifying evoked limb withdrawal thresholds at two distinct sites for up to 14 days. CIBP animals demonstrated DOPr, N-, and L-type and TRPV1 expression in lumbar dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRG), comparable to controls. Evoked Ca2+ transients in DRG neurons from CIBP animals were significantly reduced in response to treatment with compounds targeting DOPr, N-, L-type Ca2+ channels and TRPV1 proteins. Behaviourally, evoked hyperalgesia at the tumor site was strongly mitigated by peritumoral injection of the DOPr agonist and T-type calcium antagonist, via its activity on bone afferents. Results from this study suggest that nerve terminals at tumor site could be utilized as targets for specific analgesics, using local infiltration analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Madhusudanan
- Amrita School of Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Chinnu Jerard
- Amrita School of Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Gayathri Raju
- Amrita School of Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India
| | - Neeraj Katiyar
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala University, Lagerhyddsvagen 1, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sahadev A Shankarappa
- Amrita School of Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Center, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala 682041, India.
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Scherrer KH, Eans SO, Medina JM, Senadheera SN, Khaliq T, Murray TF, McLaughlin JP, Aldrich JV. Tryptophan Substitution in CJ-15,208 ( cyclo[Phe-D-Pro-Phe-Trp]) Introduces δ-Opioid Receptor Antagonism, Preventing Antinociceptive Tolerance and Stress-Induced Reinstatement of Extinguished Cocaine-Conditioned Place Preference. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1218. [PMID: 37765026 PMCID: PMC10535824 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The macrocyclic tetrapeptide CJ-15,208 (cyclo[Phe-D-Pro-Phe-Trp]) and its D-Trp isomer exhibit kappa opioid receptor (KOR) antagonism which prevents stress-induced reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-conditioned place preference. Here, we evaluated the effects of substitution of Trp and D-Trp on the peptides' opioid activity, antinociceptive tolerance, and the ability to prevent relapse to extinguished drug-CPP. Six analogs were synthesized using a combination of solid-phase peptide synthesis and cyclization in solution. The analogs were evaluated in vitro for opioid receptor affinity in radioligand competition binding assays, efficacy in the [35S]GTPγS assay, metabolic stability in mouse liver microsomes, and for opioid activity and selectivity in vivo in the mouse 55 °C warm-water tail-withdrawal assay. Potential liabilities of locomotor impairment, respiratory depression, acute tolerance, and conditioned place preference (CPP) were also assessed in vivo, and the ameliorating effect of analogs on the reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-place preference was assessed. Substitutions of other D-amino acids for D-Trp did not affect (or in one case increased) KOR affinity, while two of the three substitutions of an L-amino acid for Trp decreased KOR affinity. In contrast, all but one substitution increased mu opioid receptor (MOR) affinity in vitro. The metabolic stabilities of the analogs were similar to those of their respective parent peptides, with analogs containing a D-amino acid being much more rapidly metabolized than those containing an L-amino acid in this position. In vivo, CJ-15,208 analogs demonstrated antinociception, although potencies varied over an 80-fold range and the mediating opioid receptors differed by substitution. KOR antagonism was lost for all but the D-benzothienylalanine analog, and the 2'-naphthylalanine analog instead demonstrated significant delta opioid receptor (DOR) antagonism. Introduction of DOR antagonism coincided with reduced acute opioid antinociceptive tolerance and prevented stress-induced reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen H. Scherrer
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (K.H.S.); (S.O.E.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Shainnel O. Eans
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (K.H.S.); (S.O.E.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Jessica M. Medina
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (K.H.S.); (S.O.E.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Sanjeewa N. Senadheera
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; (S.N.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Tanvir Khaliq
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; (S.N.S.); (T.K.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Thomas F. Murray
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
| | - Jay P. McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (K.H.S.); (S.O.E.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Jane V. Aldrich
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; (S.N.S.); (T.K.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Coutens B, Ingram SL. Key differences in regulation of opioid receptors localized to presynaptic terminals compared to somas: Relevance for novel therapeutics. Neuropharmacology 2023; 226:109408. [PMID: 36584882 PMCID: PMC9898207 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Opioid receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that regulate activity within peripheral, subcortical and cortical circuits involved in pain, reward, and aversion processing. Opioid receptors are expressed in both presynaptic terminals where they inhibit neurotransmitter release and postsynaptic locations where they act to hyperpolarize neurons and reduce activity. Agonist activation of postsynaptic receptors at the plasma membrane signal via ion channels or cytoplasmic second messengers. Agonist binding initiates regulatory processes that include phosphorylation by G protein receptor kinases (GRKs) and recruitment of beta-arrestins that desensitize and internalize the receptors. Opioid receptors also couple to effectors from endosomes activating intracellular enzymes and kinases. In contrast to postsynaptic opioid receptors, receptors localized to presynaptic terminals are resistant to desensitization such that there is no loss of signaling in the continuous presence of opioids over the same time scale. Thus, the balance of opioid signaling in circuits expressing pre- and postsynaptic opioid receptors is shifted toward inhibition of presynaptic neurotransmitter release during continuous opioid exposure. The functional implication of this shift is not often acknowledged in behavioral studies. This review covers what is currently understood about regulation of opioid/nociceptin receptors, with an emphasis on opioid receptor signaling in pain and reward circuits. Importantly, the review covers regulation of presynaptic receptors and the critical gaps in understanding this area, as well as the opportunities to further understand opioid signaling in brain circuits. This article is part of the Special Issue on "Opioid-induced changes in addiction and pain circuits".
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Coutens
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Susan L Ingram
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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Gluten Exorphins Promote Cell Proliferation through the Activation of Mitogenic and Pro-Survival Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043912. [PMID: 36835317 PMCID: PMC9966116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic and systemic autoimmune disorder that affects preferentially the small intestine of individuals with a genetic predisposition. CD is promoted by the ingestion of gluten, a storage protein contained in the endosperm of the seeds of wheat, barley, rye, and related cereals. Once in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, gluten is enzymatically digested with the consequent release of immunomodulatory and cytotoxic peptides, i.e., 33mer and p31-43. In the late 1970s a new group of biologically active peptides, called gluten exorphins (GEs), was discovered and characterized. In particular, these short peptides showed a morphine-like activity and high affinity for the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). The relevance of GEs in the pathogenesis of CD is still unknown. Recently, it has been proposed that GEs could contribute to asymptomatic CD, which is characterized by the absence of symptoms that are typical of this disorder. In the present work, GEs cellular and molecular effects were in vitro investigated in SUP-T1 and Caco-2 cells, also comparing viability effects with human normal primary lymphocytes. As a result, GEs treatments increased tumor cell proliferation by cell cycle and Cyclins activation as well as by induction of mitogenic and pro-survival pathways. Finally, a computational model of GEs interaction with DOR is provided. Altogether, the results might suggest a possible role of GEs in CD pathogenesis and on its associated cancer comorbidities.
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Marinho ADO, Brito JDS, da Costa JA, da Silva AR, da Silva SP, de Amorim LC, Correia MTDS, Paiva PMG, de Oliveira AM, Patriota LLDS, Napoleão TH. Schinus terebinthifolia leaf lectin has central and peripheral antinociceptive action mediated by its carbohydrate-recognition domain and delta-opioid receptors. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115817. [PMID: 36228889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Preparations from the bark and leaves of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi are commonly used to treat toothaches and sore throats. The use of medications based on leaves of this plant has also been reported for pain of arthritis, toothache, and sore throat. Some evidence indicated that the lectin SteLL is an antinociceptive agent from leaves. AIM OF THE STUDY This study evaluated the antinociceptive activity of S. terebinthifolia leaf lectin (SteLL) using mouse models of peripheral and central nociception. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were treated intraperitoneally with SteLL at 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg. An acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test was performed to screen for the antinociceptive effect of the lectin. Next, the formalin test was used to assess the effects of SteLL on neurogenic (first phase) and inflammatory (second phase) pain, as well as to investigate the involvement of the carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) of SteLL and opioid receptors in the antinociceptive effect. The tail immersion test was performed to assess the central antinociception. Additionally, a rotarod test was performed to evaluate the effects of lectin on motor coordination in mice. RESULTS SteLL reduced the number of acetic acid-induced writhes by 83.5-100.0%. In the first phase of the formalin test, SteLL reduced paw licking time by 49.4-50.5%, while in the second phase, SteLL reduced paw licking time by 80.5-82.6%. This antinociceptive effect was reversed by the previous incubation of the lectin with ovalbumin (indicating the possible involvement of the CRD) and by the administration of naloxone, a nonselective opioid receptor antagonist. When testing selective antagonists of opioid receptors (μ, δ, and κ), only naltrindole, a selective δ receptor antagonist, blocked the antinociceptive action of SteLL during the second phase of the formalin test. In the tail immersion test, SteLL (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) administration reduced sensitivity to thermal stimulus, which was observed even after 2 h. SteLL (10 mg/kg) did not affect animal motor coordination in rotarod test when compared to the control group. CONCLUSION SteLL has peripheral and central analgesic action involving opioid receptor modulation without affecting the motor coordination of animals. These results provide new perspectives for developing analgesic agents using lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda de Oliveira Marinho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica de Santana Brito
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Jainaldo Alves da Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Abdênego Rodrigues da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Suéllen Pedrosa da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Alisson Macário de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | | | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Higginbotham JA, Markovic T, Massaly N, Morón JA. Endogenous opioid systems alterations in pain and opioid use disorder. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:1014768. [PMID: 36341476 PMCID: PMC9628214 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.1014768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research advances have established a central role for endogenous opioid systems in regulating reward processing, mood, motivation, learning and memory, gastrointestinal function, and pain relief. Endogenous opioid systems are present ubiquitously throughout the central and peripheral nervous system. They are composed of four families, namely the μ (MOPR), κ (KOPR), δ (DOPR), and nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOPR) opioid receptors systems. These receptors signal through the action of their endogenous opioid peptides β-endorphins, dynorphins, enkephalins, and nociceptins, respectfully, to maintain homeostasis under normal physiological states. Due to their prominent role in pain regulation, exogenous opioids-primarily targeting the MOPR, have been historically used in medicine as analgesics, but their ability to produce euphoric effects also present high risks for abuse. The ability of pain and opioid use to perturb endogenous opioid system function, particularly within the central nervous system, may increase the likelihood of developing opioid use disorder (OUD). Today, the opioid crisis represents a major social, economic, and public health concern. In this review, we summarize the current state of the literature on the function, expression, pharmacology, and regulation of endogenous opioid systems in pain. Additionally, we discuss the adaptations in the endogenous opioid systems upon use of exogenous opioids which contribute to the development of OUD. Finally, we describe the intricate relationship between pain, endogenous opioid systems, and the proclivity for opioid misuse, as well as potential advances in generating safer and more efficient pain therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Higginbotham
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,*Correspondence: Jessica A. Higginbotham,
| | - Tamara Markovic
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nicolas Massaly
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jose A. Morón
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Pain Center, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
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10
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Ma Y, Qin GH, Guo X, Hao N, Shi Y, Li HF, Zhao X, Li JG, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Activation of δ-opioid receptors in anterior cingulate cortex alleviates affective pain in rats. Neuroscience 2022; 494:152-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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11
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Exploring the Mechanism of Yiqi Qingre Ziyin Method in Regulating Neuropeptide Expression for the Treatment of Atrophic Rhinitis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4416637. [PMID: 35299869 PMCID: PMC8923799 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4416637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Atrophic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic disease that causes severe structural changes to the nasal mucosa leading to squamous epithelial metaplasia. However, treatment regarding AR remains a major challenge. We used network pharmacology and molecular docking methods to explore the potential mechanisms of the Yiqi Qingre Ziyin method to modulate neuropeptides in the treatment of AR. The active ingredients of the Yiqi Qingre Ziyin method and their targets of action were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Database Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Disease targets for AR were obtained from four databases: GeneCards, PharmGKB, DrugBank, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM). A total of 59 active ingredients, 39 potential targets, and 76 relevant neuropeptides were obtained after deduplication. We constructed target interaction networks with the STRING database. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the 14 potential target proteins. We used Cytoscape software to construct the “drug-active ingredient-potential target” and “ingredient-target-pathway” networks of the Yiqi Qingre Ziyin method for treating AR. Molecular docking results suggest that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), opioid receptor gene d1 (OPRD1), and opioid receptor m1 (OPRM1) are key targets for the Yiqi Qingre Ziyin method. Therefore, this study proposed a potential mechanism for the treatment of AR by affecting the expression of neuropeptide-related genes (including DPP4, OPRD1, and OPRM1), which may potentially improve the immune microenvironment of the nasal mucosa.
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12
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Massaly N, Markovic T, Creed M, Al-Hasani R, Cahill CM, Moron JA. Pain, negative affective states and opioid-based analgesics: Safer pain therapies to dampen addiction. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2022; 157:31-68. [PMID: 33648672 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Across centuries and civilizations opioids have been used to relieve pain. In our modern societies, opioid-based analgesics remain one of the most efficient treatments for acute pain. However, the long-term use of opioids can lead to the development of analgesic tolerance, opioid-induced hyperalgesia, opioid use disorders, and overdose, which can ultimately produce respiratory depressant effects with fatal consequences. In addition to the nociceptive sensory component of pain, negative affective states arising from persistent pain represent a risk factor for developing an opioid use disorder. Several studies have indicated that the increase in prescribed opioid analgesics since the 1990s represents the root of our current opioid epidemic. In this review, we will present our current knowledge on the endogenous opioid system within the pain neuroaxis and the plastic changes occurring in this system that may underlie the occurrence of pain-induced negative affect leading to misuse and abuse of opioid medications. Dissecting the allostatic neuronal changes occurring during pain is the most promising avenue to uncover novel targets for the development of safer pain medications. We will discuss this along with current and potential approaches to treat pain-induced negative affective states that lead to drug misuse. Moreover, this chapter will provide a discussion on potential avenues to reduce the abuse potential of new analgesic drugs and highlight a basis for future research and drug development based on recent advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Massaly
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, Pain Center, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
| | - Tamara Markovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, Pain Center, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Meaghan Creed
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, Pain Center, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Ream Al-Hasani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, Pain Center, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, St. Louis College of Pharmacy, St. Louis, MO, United States; Center for Clinical Pharmacology, St. Louis College of Pharmacy and Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Catherine M Cahill
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioural Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Shirley and Stefan Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jose A Moron
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, Pain Center, St. Louis, MO, United States; Washington University in St Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
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13
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Cahill CM, Holdridge SV, Liu S, Xue L, Magnussen C, Ong E, Grenier P, Sutherland A, Olmstead MC. Delta opioid receptor activation modulates affective pain and modality-specific pain hypersensitivity associated with chronic neuropathic pain. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:129-148. [PMID: 32623788 PMCID: PMC8218601 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Delta opioid receptor (DOR) agonists alleviate nociceptive behaviors in various chronic pain models, including neuropathic pain, while having minimal effect on sensory thresholds in the absence of injury. The mechanisms underlying nerve injury-induced enhancement of DOR function are unclear. We used a peripheral nerve injury (PNI) model of neuropathic pain to assess changes in the function and localization of DORs in mice and rats. Intrathecal administration of DOR agonists reversed mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. The dose-dependent thermal antinociceptive effects of DOR agonists were shifted to the left in PNI rats. Administration of DOR agonists produced a conditioned place preference in PNI, but not in sham, animals, whereas the DOR antagonist naltrindole produced a place aversion in PNI, but not in sham, mice, suggesting the engagement of endogenous DOR activity in suppressing pain associated with the injury. GTPγS autoradiography revealed an increase in DOR function in the dorsal spinal cord, ipsilateral to PNI. Immunogold electron microscopy and in vivo fluorescent agonist assays were used to assess changes in the ultrastructural localization of DORs in the spinal dorsal horn. In shams, DORs were primarily localized within intracellular compartments. PNI significantly increased the cell surface expression of DORs within lamina IV-V dendritic profiles. Using neonatal capsaicin treatment, we identified that DOR agonist-induced thermal antinociception was mediated via receptors expressed on primary afferent sensory neurons but did not alter mechanical thresholds. These data reveal that the regulation of DORs following PNI and suggest the importance of endogenous activation of DORs in regulating chronic pain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Cahill
- Dept of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA, 90095
| | - Sarah V. Holdridge
- Dept of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Steve Liu
- Dept of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA, 90095,Department of Psychology and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Lihua Xue
- Dept of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Claire Magnussen
- Dept of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Edmund Ong
- Dept of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Patrick Grenier
- Dept of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Anne Sutherland
- Dept of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Mary C. Olmstead
- Department of Psychology and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 3N6
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14
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Chen CM, Ding H, Mabry KM, Ko MC. Enhanced antidepressant-like effects of a delta opioid receptor agonist, SNC80, in rats under inflammatory pain. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 214:173341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Paul AK, Smith CM, Rahmatullah M, Nissapatorn V, Wilairatana P, Spetea M, Gueven N, Dietis N. Opioid Analgesia and Opioid-Induced Adverse Effects: A Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:1091. [PMID: 34832873 PMCID: PMC8620360 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids are widely used as therapeutic agents against moderate to severe acute and chronic pain. Still, these classes of analgesic drugs have many potential limitations as they induce analgesic tolerance, addiction and numerous behavioural adverse effects that often result in patient non-compliance. As opium and opioids have been traditionally used as painkillers, the exact mechanisms of their adverse reactions over repeated use are multifactorial and not fully understood. Older adults suffer from cancer and non-cancer chronic pain more than younger adults, due to the physiological changes related to ageing and their reduced metabolic capabilities and thus show an increased number of adverse reactions to opioid drugs. All clinically used opioids are μ-opioid receptor agonists, and the major adverse effects are directly or potentially connected to this receptor. Multifunctional opioid ligands or peripherally restricted opioids may elicit fewer adverse effects, as shown in preclinical studies, but these results need reproducibility from further extensive clinical trials. The current review aims to overview various mechanisms involved in the adverse effects induced by opioids, to provide a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and, ultimately, to help develop an effective therapeutic strategy to better manage pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok K. Paul
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia;
| | - Craig M. Smith
- School of Medicine, Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia;
| | - Mohammed Rahmatullah
- Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, University of Development Alternative, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery (WUHeDD) and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Mariana Spetea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80–82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria;
| | - Nuri Gueven
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia;
| | - Nikolas Dietis
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus;
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16
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Degrandmaison J, Grisé O, Parent JL, Gendron L. Differential barcoding of opioid receptors trafficking. J Neurosci Res 2021; 100:99-128. [PMID: 34559903 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Over the past several years, studies have highlighted the δ-opioid receptor (DOPr) as a promising therapeutic target for chronic pain management. While exhibiting milder undesired effects than most currently prescribed opioids, its specific agonists elicit effective analgesic responses in numerous animal models of chronic pain, including inflammatory, neuropathic, diabetic, and cancer-related pain. However, as compared with the extensively studied μ-opioid receptor, the molecular mechanisms governing its trafficking remain elusive. Recent advances have denoted several significant particularities in the regulation of DOPr intracellular routing, setting it apart from the other members of the opioid receptor family. Although they share high homology, each opioid receptor subtype displays specific amino acid patterns potentially involved in the regulation of its trafficking. These precise motifs or "barcodes" are selectively recognized by regulatory proteins and therefore dictate several aspects of the itinerary of a receptor, including its anterograde transport, internalization, recycling, and degradation. With a specific focus on the regulation of DOPr trafficking, this review will discuss previously reported, as well as potential novel trafficking barcodes within the opioid and nociceptin/orphanin FQ opioid peptide receptors, and their impact in determining distinct interactomes and physiological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Degrandmaison
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Quebec Network of Junior Pain Investigators, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Grisé
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Luc Parent
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Gendron
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHUS, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Quebec Pain Research Network, QC, Canada
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17
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Moye LS, Siegersma K, Dripps I, Witkowski W, Mangutov E, Wang D, Scherrer G, Pradhan AA. Delta opioid receptor regulation of calcitonin gene-related peptide dynamics in the trigeminal complex. Pain 2021; 162:2297-2308. [PMID: 33605657 PMCID: PMC8730473 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Migraine is highly prevalent and is the sixth leading cause worldwide for years lost to disability. Therapeutic options specifically targeting migraine are limited, and delta opioid receptor (DOP) agonists were recently identified as a promising pharmacotherapy. The mechanisms by which DOPs regulate migraine are currently unclear. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) has been identified as an endogenous migraine trigger and plays a critical role in migraine initiation and susceptibility. The aim of this study was to determine the behavioral effects of DOP agonists on the development of chronic migraine-associated pain and to investigate DOP coexpression with CGRP and CGRP receptor (CGRPR) in the trigeminal system. Chronic migraine-associated pain was induced in mice through repeated intermittent injection of the known human migraine trigger, nitroglycerin. Chronic nitroglycerin resulted in severe chronic cephalic allodynia which was prevented with cotreatment of the DOP-selective agonist, SNC80. In addition, a corresponding increase in CGRP expression in the trigeminal ganglia and trigeminal nucleus caudalis was observed after chronic nitroglycerin, an augmentation that was blocked by SNC80. Moreover, DOP was also upregulated in these head pain-processing regions following the chronic migraine model. Immunohistochemical analysis of the trigeminal ganglia revealed coexpression of DOP with CGRP as well as with a primary component of the CGRPR, RAMP1. In the trigeminal nucleus caudalis, DOP was not coexpressed with CGRP but was highly coexpressed with RAMP1 and calcitonin receptor-like receptor. These results suggest that DOP agonists inhibit migraine-associated pain by attenuating CGRP release and blocking pronociceptive signaling of the CGRPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Moye
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | | | - Isaac Dripps
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | | | | | - Dong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Grégory Scherrer
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, UNC Neuroscience Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- New York Stem Cell Foundation – Robertson Investigator
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18
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Abstract
The chronification of pain can be attributed to changes in membrane receptors and channels underlying neuronal plasticity and signal transduction largely within nociceptive neurons that initiate and maintain pathological pain states. These proteins are subject to dynamic modification by posttranslational modifications, creating a code that controls protein function in time and space. Phosphorylation is an important posttranslational modification that affects ∼30% of proteins in vivo. Increased phosphorylation of various nociceptive ion channels and of their modulators underlies sensitization of different pain states. Cyclin-dependent kinases are proline-directed serine/threonine kinases that impact various biological and cellular systems. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), one member of this kinase family, and its activators p35 and p39 are expressed in spinal nerves, dorsal root ganglia, and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. In neuropathic pain conditions, expression and/or activity of Cdk5 is increased, implicating Cdk5 in nociception. Experimental evidence suggests that Cdk5 is regulated through its own phosphorylation, through increasing p35's interaction with Cdk5, and through cleavage of p35 into p25. This narrative review discusses the molecular mechanisms of Cdk5-mediated regulation of target proteins involved in neuropathic pain. We focus on Cdk5 substrates that have been linked to nociceptive pathways, including channels (eg, transient receptor potential cation channel and voltage-gated calcium channel), proteins involved in neurotransmitter release (eg, synaptophysin and collapsin response mediator protein 2), and receptors (eg, glutamate, purinergic, and opioid). By altering the phosphoregulatory "set point" of proteins involved in pain signaling, Cdk5 thus appears to be an attractive target for treating neuropathic pain conditions.
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19
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Bertels Z, Witkowski WD, Asif S, Siegersma K, van Rijn RM, Pradhan AA. A non-convulsant delta-opioid receptor agonist, KNT-127, reduces cortical spreading depression and nitroglycerin-induced allodynia. Headache 2021; 61:170-178. [PMID: 33326598 PMCID: PMC8082730 DOI: 10.1111/head.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine if the non-convulsant delta-opioid receptor (DOR) agonist, KNT-127, could inhibit migraine-associated endpoints. BACKGROUND The DOR has been identified as a therapeutic target for migraine. However, the development of delta agonists is limited as some ligands have seizurogenic properties, which may be related to their ability to induce receptor internalization. While both pro- and non-convulsant delta agonists can reduce migraine-associated allodynia, only the proconvulsant agonist, SNC80, has been shown to decrease cortical spreading depression (CSD). It is unclear if the ability of delta agonists to modulate cortical activity is related to the same signaling mechanisms that produce proconvulsant effects. METHODS The effects of the non-convulsant delta agonist, KNT-127, were examined. Repetitive CSD was induced in female C57BL6/J (n = 6/group) mice by continuous application of KCl and the effect of KNT-127/vehicle (Veh) on both local field potentials and optical intrinsic signals was determined. To assess the effect of KNT-127 on established chronic migraine-associated pain, male and female C57BL6/J mice were treated with nitroglycerin (NTG; 10 mg/kg, ip) every other day for 9 days and tested with KNT-127 (5 mg/kg, sc) or Veh on day 10 (n = 6/group). DOR-enhanced green fluorescent protein mice (n = 4/group) were used to confirm the internalization properties of KNT-127 in the trigeminal ganglia, trigeminal nucleus caudalis, and somatosensory cortex. RESULTS KNT-127 inhibited CSD events (t(10) = 3.570, p = 0.0051). In addition, this delta agonist also reversed established cephalic allodynia in the NTG model of chronic migraine (F(1, 20) = 12.80, p < 0.01). Furthermore, KNT-127 caused limited internalization of DOR in key migraine processing regions. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the antimigraine effects of DOR agonists can be separated from their proconvulsant effects. This data provides valuable information for the continued development of delta agonists for the treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah Asif
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | | | - Richard M van Rijn
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University
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20
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Dripps IJ, Bertels Z, Moye LS, Tipton AF, Siegersma K, Baca SM, Kieffer BL, Pradhan AA. Forebrain delta opioid receptors regulate the response of delta agonist in models of migraine and opioid-induced hyperalgesia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17629. [PMID: 33077757 PMCID: PMC7573615 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Delta opioid receptor (DOR) agonists have been identified as a promising novel therapy for headache disorders. DORs are broadly expressed in several peripheral and central regions important for pain processing and mood regulation; and it is unclear which receptors regulate headache associated symptoms. In a model of chronic migraine-associated pain using the human migraine trigger, nitroglycerin, we observed increased expression of DOR in cortex, hippocampus, and striatum; suggesting a role for these forebrain regions in the regulation of migraine. To test this hypothesis, we used conditional knockout mice with DORs deleted from forebrain GABAergic neurons (Dlx-DOR), and investigated the outcome of this knockout on the effectiveness of the DOR agonist SNC80 in multiple headache models. In DOR loxP controls SNC80 blocked the development of acute and chronic cephalic allodynia in the chronic nitroglycerin model, an effect that was lost in Dlx-DOR mice. In addition, the anti-allodynic effects of SNC80 were lost in a model of opioid induced hyperalgesia/medication overuse headache in Dlx-DOR conditional knockouts. In a model reflecting negative affect associated with migraine, SNC80 was only effective in loxP controls and not Dlx-DOR mice. Similarly, SNC80 was ineffective in the cortical spreading depression model of migraine aura in conditional knockout mice. Taken together, these data indicate that forebrain DORs are necessary for the action of DOR agonists in relieving headache-related symptoms and suggest that forebrain regions may play an important role in migraine modulation.
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MESH Headings
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Benzamides/pharmacology
- Benzamides/therapeutic use
- Cortical Spreading Depression/drug effects
- Cortical Spreading Depression/physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- GABAergic Neurons/drug effects
- GABAergic Neurons/metabolism
- Hyperalgesia/chemically induced
- Hyperalgesia/drug therapy
- Hyperalgesia/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Migraine Disorders/chemically induced
- Migraine Disorders/drug therapy
- Migraine Disorders/metabolism
- Nitroglycerin
- Piperazines/pharmacology
- Piperazines/therapeutic use
- Prosencephalon/drug effects
- Prosencephalon/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Dripps
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor Street (MC 912), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Zachariah Bertels
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor Street (MC 912), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Laura S Moye
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor Street (MC 912), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Alycia F Tipton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor Street (MC 912), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Kendra Siegersma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor Street (MC 912), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Serapio M Baca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Amynah A Pradhan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 W. Taylor Street (MC 912), Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Rapid assessment of G protein signaling of four opioid receptors using a real-time fluorescence-based membrane potential assay. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 890:173640. [PMID: 33045198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Opioids are the most powerful analgesics used clinically; however, severe side effects limit their long-term use. Various concepts involving biased intracellular signaling, partial agonism or multi-receptor targeting have been proposed to identify novel opioids with increased analgesic efficacy but reduced side effects. The search for such 'better opioids' implies screening of huge compound libraries and requires highly reliable, easy to perform and high throughput screening (HTS) assays. Here, we utilize an established membrane potential assay to monitor activation of G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels, one of the main effectors of opioid receptor signaling, as readout to determine pharmacological profiles of opioids in a non-invasive manner. Specifically, in this study, we optimize assay conditions and extend the application of this assay to screen all four members of the opioid receptor family, stably expressed in AtT-20 and HEK293 cells. This ultra-sensitive system yielded EC50 values in the nano-molar range. We further validate this system for screening cells stably co-expressing two opioid receptors, which could be a valuable tool for investigating bi-functional ligands and studying interactions between receptors. Additionally, we demonstrate the utility of this assay to study antagonists as well as ligands with varying efficacies. Our results suggest that this assay could easily be up-scaled to HTS assay in order to efficiently study receptor activation and screen for novel opioids.
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22
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Abstract
Achieving effective pain management is one of the major challenges associated with modern day medicine. Opioids, such as morphine, have been the reference treatment for moderate to severe acute pain not excluding chronic pain modalities. Opioids act through the opioid receptors, the family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) that mediate pain relief through both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Four types of opioid receptors have been described, including the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), κ-opioid receptor (KOR), δ-opioid receptor (DOR), and the nociceptin opioid peptide receptor (NOP receptor). Despite the proven success of opioids in treating pain, there are still some inherent limitations. All clinically approved MOR analgesics are associated with adverse effects, which include tolerance, dependence, addiction, constipation, and respiratory depression. On the other hand, KOR selective analgesics have found limited clinical utility because they cause sedation, anxiety, dysphoria, and hallucinations. DOR agonists have also been investigated but they have a tendency to cause convulsions. Ligands targeting NOP receptor have been reported in the preclinical literature to be useful as spinal analgesics and as entities against substance abuse disorders while mixed MOR/NOP receptor agonists are useful as analgesics. Ultimately, the goal of opioid-related drug development has always been to design and synthesize derivatives that are equally or more potent than morphine but most importantly are devoid of the dangerous residual side effects and abuse potential. One proposed strategy is to take advantage of biased agonism, in which distinct downstream pathways can be activated by different molecules working through the exact same receptor. It has been proposed that ligands not recruiting β-arrestin 2 or showing a preference for activating a specific G-protein mediated signal transduction pathway will function as safer analgesic across all opioid subtypes. This review will focus on the design and the pharmacological outcomes of biased ligands at the opioid receptors, aiming at achieving functional selectivity.
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Agonist-induced phosphorylation bar code and differential post-activation signaling of the delta opioid receptor revealed by phosphosite-specific antibodies. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8585. [PMID: 32444688 PMCID: PMC7244497 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The δ-opioid receptor (DOP) is an attractive pharmacological target due to its potent analgesic, anxiolytic and anti-depressant activity in chronic pain models. However, some but not all selective DOP agonists also produce severe adverse effects such as seizures. Thus, the development of novel agonists requires a profound understanding of their effects on DOP phosphorylation, post-activation signaling and dephosphorylation. Here we show that agonist-induced DOP phosphorylation at threonine 361 (T361) and serine 363 (S363) proceeds with a temporal hierarchy, with S363 as primary site of phosphorylation. This phosphorylation is mediated by G protein-coupled receptor kinases 2 and 3 (GRK2/3) followed by DOP endocytosis and desensitization. DOP dephosphorylation occurs within minutes and is predominantly mediated by protein phosphatases (PP) 1α and 1β. A comparison of structurally diverse DOP agonists and clinically used opioids demonstrated high correlation between G protein-dependent signaling efficacies and receptor internalization. In vivo, DOP agonists induce receptor phosphorylation in a dose-dependent and agonist-selective manner that could be blocked by naltrexone in DOP-eGFP mice. Together, our studies provide novel tools and insights for ligand-activated DOP signaling in vitro and in vivo and suggest that DOP agonist efficacies may determine receptor post-activation signaling.
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24
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Quirion B, Bergeron F, Blais V, Gendron L. The Delta-Opioid Receptor; a Target for the Treatment of Pain. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:52. [PMID: 32431594 PMCID: PMC7214757 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, pain represents one of the most important societal burdens. Current treatments are, however, too often ineffective and/or accompanied by debilitating unwanted effects for patients dealing with chronic pain. Indeed, the prototypical opioid morphine, as many other strong analgesics, shows harmful unwanted effects including respiratory depression and constipation, and also produces tolerance, physical dependence, and addiction. The urgency to develop novel treatments against pain while minimizing adverse effects is therefore crucial. Over the years, the delta-opioid receptor (DOP) has emerged as a promising target for the development of new pain therapies. Indeed, targeting DOP to treat chronic pain represents a timely alternative to existing drugs, given the weak unwanted effects spectrum of DOP agonists. Here, we review the current knowledge supporting a role for DOP and its agonists for the treatment of pain. More specifically, we will focus on the cellular and subcellular localization of DOP in the nervous system. We will also discuss in further detail the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in controlling the cellular trafficking of DOP, known to differ significantly from most G protein-coupled receptors. This review article will allow a better understanding of how DOP represents a promising target to develop new treatments for pain management as well as where we stand as of our ability to control its cellular trafficking and cell surface expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Quirion
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Francis Bergeron
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique Blais
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Gendron
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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25
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Winters BL, Jeong HJ, Vaughan CW. Inflammation induces developmentally regulated sumatriptan inhibition of spinal synaptic transmission. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:3730-3743. [PMID: 32352556 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE While triptans are used to treat migraine, there is evidence that they also reduce inflammation-induced pain at the spinal level. The cellular mechanisms underlying this spinal enhancement are unknown. We examined whether inflammation alters sumatriptan modulation of synaptic transmission in the rat spinal dorsal horn. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Three to four days following intraplantar injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) or saline, whole cell recordings of evoked glutamatergic EPSCs were made from lumbar lamina I-II dorsal horn neurons in rat spinal slices KEY RESULTS: In 2- to 3-week-old animals, sumatriptan reduced the amplitude of evoked EPSCs and this was greater in slices from CFA, compared to saline-injected rats. In CFA-injected animals, sumatriptan increased the paired pulse ratio of evoked EPSCs and reduced the rate of spontaneous miniature EPSCs. The 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D agonists CP9 3129 and PNU109291 both inhibited evoked EPSCs in CFA but not saline-injected rats. By contrast, the 5-HT1A agonist R(+)-8-OH-DPAT inhibited evoked EPSCs in saline but not CFA-injected rats. In CFA-injected rats, the sumatriptan-induced inhibition of evoked EPSCs was reduced by the 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D antagonists NAS181 and BRL-15572. Intriguingly, the difference in sumatriptan inhibition between CFA and saline-injected animals was only observed in animals less than 4 weeks old. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS These findings indicate that inflammation induces a developmentally regulated 5-HT1B/1D presynaptic inhibition of excitatory transmission into the rat superficial dorsal horn. Thus, triptans could potentially act as spinal analgesic agents for inflammatory pain in the juvenile setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryony L Winters
- Pain Management Research Institute and Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hyo-Jin Jeong
- Pain Management Research Institute and Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher W Vaughan
- Pain Management Research Institute and Kolling Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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26
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Bagheri Tudashki H, Haddad Y, Charfi I, Couture R, Pineyro G. Ligand-specific recycling profiles determine distinct potential for chronic analgesic tolerance of delta-opioid receptor (DOPr) agonists. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5718-5730. [PMID: 32279433 PMCID: PMC7214178 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
δ-opioid receptor (DOPr) agonists have analgesic efficacy in chronic pain models but development of tolerance limits their use for long-term pain management. Although agonist potential for inducing acute analgesic tolerance has been associated with distinct patterns of DOPr internalization, the association between trafficking and chronic tolerance remains ill-defined. In a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy, deltorphin II and TIPP produced sustained analgesia following daily (intrathecal) i.t. injections over six days, whereas similar treatment with SNC-80 or SB235863 led to progressive tolerance and loss of the analgesic response. Trafficking assays in murine neuron cultures showed no association between the magnitude of ligand-induced sequestration and development of chronic tolerance. Instead, ligands that supported DOPr recycling were also the ones producing sustained analgesia over 6-day treatment. Moreover, endosomal endothelin-converting enzyme 2 (ECE2) blocker 663444 prevented DOPr recycling by deltorphin II and TIPP and precipitated tolerance by these ligands. In conclusion, agonists, which support DOPr recycling, avoid development of analgesic tolerance over repeated administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Youssef Haddad
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Iness Charfi
- Centre de RechercheCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-JustineMontréalQCCanada
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Rejean Couture
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
| | - Graciela Pineyro
- Centre de RechercheCentre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-JustineMontréalQCCanada
- Department of Pharmacology and PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversité de MontréalMontréalQCCanada
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27
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Berthiaume S, Abdallah K, Blais V, Gendron L. Alleviating pain with delta opioid receptor agonists: evidence from experimental models. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2020; 127:661-672. [PMID: 32189076 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-020-02172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of opioids for the relief of pain and headache disorders has been studied for years. Nowadays, particularly because of its ability to produce analgesia in various pain models, delta opioid receptor (DOPr) emerges as a promising target for the development of new pain therapies. Indeed, their potential to avoid the unwanted effects commonly observed with clinically used opioids acting at the mu opioid receptor (MOPr) suggests that DOPr agonists could be a therapeutic option. In this review, we discuss the use of opioids in the management of pain in addition to describing the evidence of the analgesic potency of DOPr agonists in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Berthiaume
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Khaled Abdallah
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Véronique Blais
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Louis Gendron
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4, Canada.
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28
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Bruce DJ, Peterson CD, Kitto KF, Akgün E, Lazzaroni S, Portoghese PS, Fairbanks CA, Wilcox GL. Combination of a δ-opioid Receptor Agonist and Loperamide Produces Peripherally-mediated Analgesic Synergy in Mice. Anesthesiology 2020; 131:649-663. [PMID: 31343460 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000002840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term use of opioids for analgesia carries significant risk for tolerance, addiction, and diversion. These adverse effects are largely mediated by μ-opioid receptors in the central nervous system. Based on the authors' previous observation that morphine and δ-opioid receptor agonists synergize in spinal cord in a protein kinase Cε-dependent manner, they predicted that this μ-opioid receptor-δ-opioid receptor synergy would take place in the central terminals of nociceptive afferent fibers and generalize to their peripheral terminals. Therefore, the authors hypothesized that loperamide, a highly efficacious μ-opioid receptor agonist that is excluded from the central nervous system, and oxymorphindole, a δ-opioid receptor agonist that was shown to synergize with morphine spinally, would synergistically reverse complete Freund's adjuvant-induced hyperalgesia. METHODS Using the Hargreaves assay for thermal nociception, the von Frey assay for mechanical nociception and the complete Freund's adjuvant-induced model of inflammatory pain, we tested the antinociceptive and antihyperalgesic effect of loperamide, oxymorphindole, or the loperamide-oxymorphindole combination. Animals (Institute for Cancer Research [ICR] CD1 strain mice; n = 511) received drug by systemic injection, intraplantar injection to the injured paw, or a transdermal solution on the injured paw. Dose-response curves for each route of administration and each nociceptive test were generated, and analgesic synergy was assessed by isobolographic analysis. RESULTS In naïve animals, the loperamide-oxymorphindole combination ED50 value was 10 times lower than the theoretical additive ED50 value whether given systemically or locally. In inflamed animals, the combination was 150 times more potent systemically, and 84 times more potent locally. All combinations showed statistically significant synergy when compared to the theoretical additive values, as verified by isobolographic analysis. The antihyperalgesia was ablated by a peripherally-restricted opioid antagonist. CONCLUSIONS From these data we conclude that the loperamide-oxymorphindole combination synergistically reverses complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory hyperalgesia. The authors also conclude that this interaction is mediated by opioid receptors located in the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Bruce
- From the Departments of Pharmacology (D.J.B., C.A.F., G.L.W.) Neuroscience (C.D.P., K.F.K., S.L., C.A.F., G.L.W.) Pharmaceutics (C.A.F.) Dermatology (G.L.W.) Medicinal Chemistry (E.A., P.S.P.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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29
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Kissiwaa SA, Patel SD, Winters BL, Bagley EE. Opioids differentially modulate two synapses important for pain processing in the amygdala. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:420-431. [PMID: 31596498 PMCID: PMC6989950 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pain is a subjective experience involving sensory discriminative and emotionally aversive components. Consistent with its role in pain processing and emotions, the amygdala modulates the aversive component of pain. The laterocapsular region of the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeLC) receives nociceptive information from the parabrachial nucleus (PB) and polymodal, including nociceptive, inputs from the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA). Opioids are strong analgesics and reduce both the sensory discriminative and the affective component of pain. However, it is unknown whether opioids regulate activity at the two nociceptive inputs to the amygdala. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using whole-cell electrophysiology, optogenetics, and immunohistochemistry, we investigated whether opioids inhibit the rat PB-CeLC and BLA-CeLC synapses. KEY RESULTS Opioids inhibited glutamate release at the PB-CeLC and BLA-CeLC synapses. Opioid inhibition is via the μ-receptor at the PB-CeLC synapse, while at the BLA-CeLC synapse, inhibition is via μ-receptors in all neurons and via δ-receptors and κ-receptors in a subset of neurons. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Agonists of μ-receptors inhibited two of the synaptic inputs carrying nociceptive information into the laterocapsular amygdala. Therefore, μ-receptor agonists, such as morphine, will inhibit glutamate release from PB and BLA in the CeLC, and this could serve as a mechanism through which opioids reduce the affective component of pain and pain-induced associative learning. The lower than expected regulation of BLA synaptic outputs by δ-receptors does not support the proposal that opioid receptor subtypes segregate into subnuclei of brain regions.
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MESH Headings
- Amygdala/drug effects
- Amygdala/metabolism
- Amygdala/physiopathology
- Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology
- Animals
- Glutamic Acid/metabolism
- Male
- Neural Inhibition/drug effects
- Nociception/drug effects
- Nociceptive Pain/metabolism
- Nociceptive Pain/physiopathology
- Nociceptive Pain/prevention & control
- Optogenetics
- Pain Perception/drug effects
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Synapses/drug effects
- Synapses/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Kissiwaa
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Sahil D. Patel
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Bryony L. Winters
- Pain Management Research Institute, Kolling Institute of Medical ResearchThe University of Sydney, Royal North Shore HospitalSt LeonardsNSWAustralia
| | - Elena E. Bagley
- Discipline of Pharmacology and Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
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30
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Modulation of the Negative Affective Dimension of Pain: Focus on Selected Neuropeptidergic System Contributions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164010. [PMID: 31426473 PMCID: PMC6720937 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that emotions can interfere with the perception of physical pain, as well as with the development and maintenance of painful conditions. On the other hand, somatic pain can have significant consequences on an individual’s affective behavior. Indeed, pain is defined as a complex and multidimensional experience, which includes both sensory and emotional components, thus exhibiting the features of a highly subjective experience. Over the years, neural pathways involved in the modulation of the different components of pain have been identified, indicating the existence of medial and lateral pain systems, which, respectively, project from medial or lateral thalamic nuclei to reach distinct cortex regions relating to specific functions. However, owing to the limited information concerning how mood state and painful input affect each other, pain treatment is frequently unsatisfactory. Different neuromodulators, including endogenous neuropeptides, appear to be involved in pain-related emotion and in its affective influence on pain perception, thus playing key roles in vulnerability and clinical outcome. Hence, this review article focuses on evidence concerning the modulation of the sensory and affective dimensions of pain, with particular attention given to some selected neuropeptidergic system contributions.
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31
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Browne CA, Lucki I. Targeting opioid dysregulation in depression for the development of novel therapeutics. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 201:51-76. [PMID: 31051197 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the serendipitous discovery of the first class of modern antidepressants in the 1950's, all pharmacotherapies approved by the Food and Drug Administration for major depressive disorder (MDD) have shared a common mechanism of action, increased monoaminergic neurotransmission. Despite the widespread availability of antidepressants, as many as 50% of depressed patients are resistant to these conventional therapies. The significant length of time required to produce meaningful symptom relief with these medications, 4-6 weeks, indicates that other mechanisms are likely involved in the pathophysiology of depression which may yield more viable targets for drug development. For decades, no viable candidate target with a different mechanism of action to that of conventional therapies proved successful in clinical studies. Now several exciting avenues for drug development are under intense investigation. One of these emerging targets is modulation of endogenous opioid tone. This review will evaluate preclinical and clinical evidence pertaining to opioid dysregulation in depression, focusing on the role of the endogenous ligands endorphin, enkephalin, dynorphin, and nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) and their respective receptors, mu (MOR), delta (DOR), kappa (KOR), and the N/OFQ receptor (NOP) in mediating behaviors relevant to depression and anxiety. Finally, putative opioid based antidepressants that are under investigation in clinical trials, ALKS5461, JNJ-67953964 (formerly LY2456302 and CERC-501) and BTRX-246040 (formerly LY-2940094) will be discussed. This review will illustrate the potential therapeutic value of targeting opioid dysregulation in developing novel therapies for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Browne
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States of America
| | - Irwin Lucki
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, United States of America.
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32
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Gupta K, Chen C, Lutty GA, Hebbel RP. Morphine promotes neovascularizing retinopathy in sickle transgeneic mice. Blood Adv 2019; 3:1073-1083. [PMID: 30944099 PMCID: PMC6457224 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018026898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascularizing retinopathy is a significant complication of sickle cell disease (SCD), occurring more frequently in HbSC than HbSS disease. This risk difference is concordant with a divergence of angiogenesis risk, as identified by levels of pro- vs anti-angiogenic factors in the sickle patient's blood. Because our prior studies documented that morphine promotes angiogenesis in both malignancy and wound healing, we tested whether chronic opioid treatment would promote retinopathy in NY1DD sickle transgenic mice. After 10 to 15 months of treatment, sickle mice treated with morphine developed neovascularizing retinopathy to a far greater extent than either of the controls (sickle mice treated with saline and wild-type mice treated identically with morphine). Our dissection of the mechanistic linkage between morphine and retinopathy revealed a complex interplay among morphine engagement with its μ opioid receptor (MOR) on retinal endothelial cells (RECs); morphine-induced production of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 (IL-6), causing increased expression of both MOR and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) on RECs; morphine/MOR engagement transactivating VEGFR2; and convergence of MOR, VEGFR2, and IL-6 activation on JAK/STAT3-dependent REC proliferation and angiogenesis. In the NY1DD mice, the result was increased angiogenesis, seen as neovascularizing retinopathy, similar to the retinal pathology occurring in humans with SCD. Therefore, we conclude that chronic opioid exposure, superimposed on the already angiogenic sickle milieu, might enhance risk for retinopathy. These results provide an additional reason for development and application of opioid alternatives for pain control in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpna Gupta
- Vascular Biology Center, and
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN; and
| | - Chunsheng Chen
- Vascular Biology Center, and
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN; and
| | - Gerard A Lutty
- Wilmer Ophthalmological Institute, John Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Robert P Hebbel
- Vascular Biology Center, and
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN; and
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33
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Moye LS, Tipton AF, Dripps I, Sheets Z, Crombie A, Violin JD, Pradhan AA. Delta opioid receptor agonists are effective for multiple types of headache disorders. Neuropharmacology 2019; 148:77-86. [PMID: 30553828 PMCID: PMC6467218 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Headaches are highly disabling and are among the most common neurological disorders worldwide. Despite the high prevalence of headache, therapeutic options are limited. We recently identified the delta opioid receptor (DOR) as an emerging therapeutic target for migraine. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of a hallmark DOR agonist, SNC80, in disease models reflecting diverse headache disorders including: chronic migraine, post-traumatic headache (PTH), medication overuse headache by triptans (MOH), and opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). To model chronic migraine C57BL/6J mice received chronic intermittent treatment with the known human migraine trigger, nitroglycerin. PTH was modeled by combining the closed head weight drop model with the nitroglycerin model of chronic migraine. For MOH and OIH, mice were chronically treated with sumatriptan or morphine, respectively. The development of periorbital and peripheral allodynia was observed in all four models; and SNC80 significantly inhibited allodynia in all cases. In addition, we also determined if chronic daily treatment with SNC80 would induce MOH/OIH, and we observed limited hyperalgesia relative to sumatriptan or morphine. Together, our results indicate that DOR agonists could be effective in multiple headache disorders, despite their distinct etiology, thus presenting a novel therapeutic target for headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S Moye
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Alycia F Tipton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Isaac Dripps
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Zoie Sheets
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | | | | | - Amynah A Pradhan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
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Shiwarski DJ, Crilly SE, Dates A, Puthenveedu MA. Dual RXR motifs regulate nerve growth factor-mediated intracellular retention of the delta opioid receptor. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:680-690. [PMID: 30601694 PMCID: PMC6589700 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-05-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The delta opioid receptor (DOR), a physiologically relevant prototype for G protein-coupled receptors, is retained in intracellular compartments in neuronal cells. This retention is mediated by a nerve growth factor (NGF)-regulated checkpoint that delays the export of DOR from the trans-Golgi network. How DOR is selectively retained in the Golgi, in the midst of dynamic membrane transport and cargo export, is a fundamental unanswered question. Here we address this by investigating sequence elements on DOR that regulate DOR surface delivery, focusing on the C-terminal tail of DOR that is sufficient for NGF-mediated regulation. By systematic mutational analysis, we define conserved dual bi-arginine (RXR) motifs that are required for NGF- and phosphoinositide-regulated DOR export from intracellular compartments in neuroendocrine cells. These motifs were required to bind the coatomer protein I (COPI) complex, a vesicle coat complex that mediates primarily retrograde cargo traffic in the Golgi. Our results suggest that interactions of DOR with COPI, via atypical COPI motifs on the C-terminal tail, retain DOR in the Golgi. These interactions could provide a point of regulation of DOR export and delivery by extracellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Shiwarski
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Stephanie E. Crilly
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Andrew Dates
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Manojkumar A. Puthenveedu
- Department of Biological Sciences, The Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Latif ZEH, Solli KK, Opheim A, Kunoe N, Benth JŠ, Krajci P, Sharma-Haase K, Tanum L. No increased pain among opioid-dependent individuals treated with extended-release naltrexone or buprenorphine-naloxone: A 3-month randomized study and 9-month open-treatment follow-up study. Am J Addict 2019; 28:77-85. [DOI: 10.1111/ajad.12859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zill-e-Huma Latif
- Department of R&D in Mental Health; Akershus University Hospital; Lørenskog Norway
| | - Kristin K. Solli
- Department of R&D in Mental Health; Akershus University Hospital; Lørenskog Norway
- Norwegian Center for Addiction Research; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Arild Opheim
- Department of Addiction Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- The University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - Nikolaj Kunoe
- Norwegian Center for Addiction Research; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Jūratė Š. Benth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine; Campus Ahus; University of Oslo; Blindern Norway
- Health Services Research Unit; Akershus University Hospital; Lørenskog Norway
| | - Peter Krajci
- Department of Addiction Medicine; Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Norway
| | - Kamni Sharma-Haase
- Norwegian Center for Addiction Research; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Lars Tanum
- Department of R&D in Mental Health; Akershus University Hospital; Lørenskog Norway
- Norwegian Center for Addiction Research; University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
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Pasquinucci L, Turnaturi R, Montenegro L, Caraci F, Chiechio S, Parenti C. Simultaneous targeting of MOR/DOR: A useful strategy for inflammatory pain modulation. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 847:97-102. [PMID: 30690004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Development of new analgesics endowed with mu/delta opioid receptor (MOR/DOR) activity represents a promising alternative to MOR selective compounds because of their better therapeutic and tolerability profile. Lately, we have synthetized the MOR/DOR agonist LP2 that showed a long lasting antinociceptive activity in the tail flick test, an acute pain model. Here, we investigate whether LP2 is also effective in the mouse formalin test, a model of inflammatory pain sustained by mechanisms of central sensitization. Moreover, we evaluated a possible peripheral component of LP2 analgesic activity. Different doses of LP2 were tested after either intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intraplantar (i.pl.) administration. LP2 (0.75-1.00 mg/kg, i.p.), dose-dependently, counteracted both phases of the formalin test after i.p. administration. The analgesic activity of LP2 (0.75-1.00 mg/kg) was completely blocked by a pretreatment with the opioid antagonist naloxone (3 mg/kg, i.p.). Differently, the pretreatment with naloxone methiodide (5 mg/kg, i.p.), a peripherally restricted opioid antagonist, completely blocked the lower analgesic dose of LP2 (0.75 mg/kg) but only partially relieved the antinociceptive effects of LP2 at the dose of 1.00 mg/kg, thus revealing a peripheral analgesic component of LP2. I.pl. injections of LP2 (10-20 μg/10 μl) were also performed to investigate a possible effect of LP2 on peripheral nerve terminals. Nociceptive sensitization, which occur both at peripheral and central level, is a fundamental step for pain chronicization, thus LP2 is a promising drug for pain conditions characterized by nociceptive sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorella Pasquinucci
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Rita Turnaturi
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
| | - Lucia Montenegro
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Santina Chiechio
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Carmela Parenti
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Gendron L, Nagi K, Zeghal M, Giguère PM, Pineyro G. Molecular aspects of delta opioid receptors. OPIOID HORMONES 2019; 111:49-90. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Ugur M, Derouiche L, Massotte D. Heteromerization Modulates mu Opioid Receptor Functional Properties in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1240. [PMID: 30483121 PMCID: PMC6244869 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mu opioid receptors modulate a large number of physiological functions. They are in particular involved in the control of pain perception and reward properties. They are also the primary molecular target of opioid drugs and mediate their beneficial analgesic effects, euphoric properties as well as negative side effects such as tolerance and physical dependence. Importantly, mu opioid receptors can physically associate with another receptor to form a novel entity called heteromer that exhibits specific ligand binding, signaling, and trafficking properties. As reviewed here, in vivo physical proximity has now been evidenced for several receptor pairs, subsequent impact of heteromerization on native mu opioid receptor signaling and trafficking identified and a link to behavioral changes established. Selective targeting of heteromers as a tool to modulate mu opioid receptor activity is therefore attracting growing interest and raises hopes for innovative therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzeyyen Ugur
- Centre de la Recherche Nationale Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lyes Derouiche
- Centre de la Recherche Nationale Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Massotte
- Centre de la Recherche Nationale Scientifique, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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DiCello JJ, Saito A, Rajasekhar P, Eriksson EM, McQuade RM, Nowell CJ, Sebastian BW, Fichna J, Veldhuis NA, Canals M, Bunnett NW, Carbone SE, Poole DP. Inflammation-associated changes in DOR expression and function in the mouse colon. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 315:G544-G559. [PMID: 29927325 PMCID: PMC6230691 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00025.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous opioids activate opioid receptors (ORs) in the enteric nervous system to control intestinal motility and secretion. The μ-OR mediates the deleterious side effects of opioid analgesics, including constipation, respiratory depression, and addiction. Although the δ-OR (DOR) is a promising target for analgesia, the function and regulation of DOR in the colon are poorly understood. This study provides evidence that endogenous opioids activate DOR in myenteric neurons that may regulate colonic motility. The DOR agonists DADLE, deltorphin II, and SNC80 inhibited electrically evoked contractions and induced neurogenic contractions in the mouse colon. Electrical, chemical, and mechanical stimulation of the colon evoked the release of endogenous opioids, which stimulated endocytosis of DOR in the soma and proximal neurites of myenteric neurons of transgenic mice expressing DOR fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein. In contrast, DOR was not internalized in nerve fibers within the circular muscle. Administration of dextran sulfate sodium induced acute colitis, which was accompanied by DOR endocytosis and an increased density of DOR-positive nerve fibers within the circular muscle. The potency with which SNC80 inhibited neurogenic contractions was significantly enhanced in the inflamed colon. This study demonstrates that DOR-expressing neurons in the mouse colon can be activated by exogenous and endogenous opioids. Activated DOR traffics to endosomes and inhibits neurogenic motility of the colon. DOR signaling is enhanced during intestinal inflammation. This study demonstrates functional expression of DOR by myenteric neurons and supports the therapeutic targeting of DOR in the enteric nervous system. NEW & NOTEWORTHY DOR is activated during physiologically relevant reflex stimulation. Agonist-evoked DOR endocytosis is spatially and temporally regulated. A significant proportion of DOR is internalized in myenteric neurons during inflammation. The relative proportion of all myenteric neurons that expressed DOR and the overlap with the nNOS-positive population are increased in inflammation. DOR-specific innervation of the circular muscle is increased in inflammation, and this is consistent with enhanced responsiveness to the DOR agonist SNC80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse J. DiCello
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,7ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ayame Saito
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,7ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pradeep Rajasekhar
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,7ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emily M. Eriksson
- 2Division of Population Health and Immunity, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,3Division of Infection and Immunity, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,4Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel M. McQuade
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cameron J. Nowell
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin W. Sebastian
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jakub Fichna
- 5Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Nicholas A. Veldhuis
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,6Department of Genetics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,7ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Meritxell Canals
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,7ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nigel W. Bunnett
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,7ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,8Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,9Department of Surgery and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Simona E. Carbone
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,7ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel P. Poole
- 1Drug Discovery Biology Theme, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,7ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, Parkville, Victoria, Australia,10Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Günther T, Dasgupta P, Mann A, Miess E, Kliewer A, Fritzwanker S, Steinborn R, Schulz S. Targeting multiple opioid receptors - improved analgesics with reduced side effects? Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2857-2868. [PMID: 28378462 PMCID: PMC6016677 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical opioid analgesics, including morphine, mediate all of their desired and undesired effects by specific activation of the μ-opioid receptor (μ receptor). The use of morphine for treating chronic pain, however, is limited by the development of constipation, respiratory depression, tolerance and dependence. Analgesic effects can also be mediated through other members of the opioid receptor family such as the κ-opioid receptor (κ receptor), δ-opioid receptor (δ receptor) and the nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptor (NOP receptor). Currently, a new generation of opioid analgesics is being developed that can simultaneously bind with high affinity to multiple opioid receptors. With this new action profile, it is hoped that additional analgesic effects and fewer side effects can be achieved. Recent research is mainly focused on the development of bifunctional μ/NOP receptor agonists, which has already led to novel lead structures such as the spiroindole-based cebranopadol and a compound class with a piperidin-4-yl-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one backbone (SR16835/AT-202 and SR14150/AT-200). In addition, the ornivol BU08028 is an analogue of the clinically well-established buprenorphine. Moreover, the morphinan-based nalfurafine exerts its effect with a dominant κ receptor-component and is therefore utilized in the treatment of pruritus. The very potent dihydroetorphine is a true multi-receptor opioid ligand in that it binds to μ, κ and δ receptors. The main focus of this review is to assess the paradigm of opioid ligands targeting multiple receptors with a single chemical entity. We reflect on this rationale by discussing the biological actions of particular multi-opioid receptor ligands, but not on their medicinal chemistry and design. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Emerging Areas of Opioid Pharmacology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.14/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Günther
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyJena University Hospital, Friedrich‐Schiller‐UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Pooja Dasgupta
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyJena University Hospital, Friedrich‐Schiller‐UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Anika Mann
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyJena University Hospital, Friedrich‐Schiller‐UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Elke Miess
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyJena University Hospital, Friedrich‐Schiller‐UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Andrea Kliewer
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyJena University Hospital, Friedrich‐Schiller‐UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Sebastian Fritzwanker
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyJena University Hospital, Friedrich‐Schiller‐UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Ralph Steinborn
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyJena University Hospital, Friedrich‐Schiller‐UniversityJenaGermany
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyJena University Hospital, Friedrich‐Schiller‐UniversityJenaGermany
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Vicente-Sanchez A, Dripps IJ, Tipton AF, Akbari H, Akbari A, Jutkiewicz EM, Pradhan AA. Tolerance to high-internalizing δ opioid receptor agonist is critically mediated by arrestin 2. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:3050-3059. [PMID: 29722902 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Opioid δ receptor agonists are potent antihyperalgesics in chronic pain models, but tolerance develops after prolonged use. Previous evidence indicates that distinct forms of tolerance occur depending on the internalization properties of δ receptor agonists. As arrestins are important in receptor internalization, we investigated the role of arrestin 2 (β-arrestin 1) in mediating the development of tolerance induced by high- and low-internalizing δ receptor agonists. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We evaluated the effect of two δ receptor agonists with similar analgesic potencies, but either high-(SNC80) or low-(ARM390) internalization properties in wild-type (WT) and arrestin 2 knockout (KO) mice. We compared tolerance to the antihyperalgesic effects of these compounds in a model of inflammatory pain. We also examined tolerance to the convulsant effect of SNC80. Furthermore, effect of chronic treatment with SNC80 on δ agonist-stimulated [35 S]-GTPγS binding was determined in WT and KO mice. KEY RESULTS Arrestin 2 KO resulted in increased drug potency, duration of action and decreased acute tolerance to the antihyperalgesic effects of SNC80. In contrast, ARM390 produced similar effects in both WT and KO animals. Following chronic treatment, we found a marked decrease in the extent of tolerance to SNC80-induced antihyperalgesia and convulsions in arrestin 2 KO mice. Accordingly, δ receptors remained functionally coupled to G proteins in arrestin 2 KO mice chronically treated with SNC80. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Overall, these results suggest that δ receptor agonists interact with arrestins in a ligand-specific manner, and tolerance to high- but not low-internalizing agonists are preferentially regulated by arrestin 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vicente-Sanchez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Isaac J Dripps
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alycia F Tipton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Heba Akbari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Areeb Akbari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Amynah A Pradhan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Ju J, Shin JY, Yoon JJ, Yin M, Yoon MH. Differential expression of spinal γ-aminobutyric acid and opioid receptors modulates the analgesic effects of intrathecal curcumin on postoperative/inflammatory pain in rats. Anesth Pain Med (Seoul) 2018. [DOI: 10.17085/apm.2018.13.1.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
Nowadays, the delta opioid receptor (DOPr) represents a promising target for the treatment of chronic pain and emotional disorders. Despite the fact that they produce limited antinociceptive effects in healthy animals and in most acute pain models, DOPr agonists have shown efficacy in various chronic pain models. In this chapter, we review the progresses that have been made over the last decades in understanding the role played by DOPr in the control of pain. More specifically, the distribution of DOPr within the central nervous system and along pain pathways is presented. We also summarize the literature supporting a role for DOPr in acute, tonic, and chronic pain models, as well as the mechanisms regulating its activity under specific conditions. Finally, novel compounds that have make their way to clinical trials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abdallah
- Département de pharmacologie-physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Gendron
- Département de pharmacologie-physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
- Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
- Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
- Département d'anesthésiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
- Quebec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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Abstract
Opioid receptors are the sites of action for morphine and most other clinically used opioid drugs. Abundant evidence now demonstrates that different opioid receptor types can physically associate to form heteromers. Owing to their constituent monomers' involvement in analgesia, mu/delta opioid receptor (M/DOR) heteromers have been a particular focus of attention. Understandings of the physiological relevance and indisputable proof of M/DOR formation in vivo are still evolving. This aspect of the field has been slow to progress in large part by the limitations of most available experimental models; recently however, promising progress is being made. As a result, the long-repeated promise of opioid receptor heteromers as selective therapeutic targets is now being realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Cahill
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Edmund Ong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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45
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Burtscher J, Schwarzer C. The Opioid System in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Functional Role and Therapeutic Potential. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:245. [PMID: 28824375 PMCID: PMC5545604 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy is considered to be one of the most common and severe forms of focal epilepsies. Patients often develop cognitive deficits and emotional blunting along the progression of the disease. The high incidence of resistance to antiepileptic drugs and a frequent lack of admissibility to surgery poses an unmet medical challenge. In the urgent quest of novel treatment strategies, neuropeptides are interesting candidates, however, their therapeutic potential has not yet been exploited. This review focuses on the functional role of the endogenous opioid system with respect to temporal lobe epilepsy, specifically in the hippocampus. The role of dynorphins and kappa opioid receptors (KOPr) as modulators of neuronal excitability is well understood: both the reduced release of glutamate as well of postsynaptic hyperpolarization were shown in glutamatergic neurons. In line with this, low levels of dynorphin in humans and mice increase the risk of epilepsy development. The role of enkephalins is not understood so well. On one hand, some agonists of the delta opioid receptors (DOPr) display pro-convulsant properties probably through inhibition of GABAergic interneurons. On the other hand, enkephalins play a neuro-protective role under hypoxic or anoxic conditions, most probably through positive effects on mitochondrial function. Despite the supposed absence of endorphins in the hippocampus, exogenous activation of the mu opioid receptors (MOPr) induces pro-convulsant effects. Recently-expanded knowledge of the complex ways opioid receptors ligands elicit their effects (including biased agonism, mixed binding, and opioid receptor heteromers), opens up exciting new therapeutic potentials with regards to seizures and epilepsy. Potential adverse side effects of KOPr agonists may be minimized through functional selectivity. Preclinical data suggest a high potential of such compounds to control seizures, with a strong predictive validity toward human patients. The discovery of DOPr-agonists without proconvulsant potential stimulates the research on the therapeutic use of neuroprotective potential of the enkephalin/DOPr system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Schwarzer
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of InnsbruckInnsbruck, Austria
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Gendron L, Cahill CM, von Zastrow M, Schiller PW, Pineyro G. Molecular Pharmacology of δ-Opioid Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2017; 68:631-700. [PMID: 27343248 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.008979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Opioids are among the most effective analgesics available and are the first choice in the treatment of acute severe pain. However, partial efficacy, a tendency to produce tolerance, and a host of ill-tolerated side effects make clinically available opioids less effective in the management of chronic pain syndromes. Given that most therapeutic opioids produce their actions via µ-opioid receptors (MOPrs), other targets are constantly being explored, among which δ-opioid receptors (DOPrs) are being increasingly considered as promising alternatives. This review addresses DOPrs from the perspective of cellular and molecular determinants of their pharmacological diversity. Thus, DOPr ligands are examined in terms of structural and functional variety, DOPrs' capacity to engage a multiplicity of canonical and noncanonical G protein-dependent responses is surveyed, and evidence supporting ligand-specific signaling and regulation is analyzed. Pharmacological DOPr subtypes are examined in light of the ability of DOPr to organize into multimeric arrays and to adopt multiple active conformations as well as differences in ligand kinetics. Current knowledge on DOPr targeting to the membrane is examined as a means of understanding how these receptors are especially active in chronic pain management. Insight into cellular and molecular mechanisms of pharmacological diversity should guide the rational design of more effective, longer-lasting, and better-tolerated opioid analgesics for chronic pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Gendron
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
| | - Catherine M Cahill
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
| | - Mark von Zastrow
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
| | - Peter W Schiller
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
| | - Graciela Pineyro
- Département de Pharmacologie-Physiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Sherbrooke, Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Univeristé de Sherbrooke, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Québec Pain Research Network, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada (L.G.); Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care and Pharmacology, University of California, Irvine, California (C.M.C.); Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada (C.M.C.); Departments of Psychiatry and Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, California (M.v.Z.); Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (P.W.S.); and Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmacology, and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal and Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (G.P.)
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A PTEN-Regulated Checkpoint Controls Surface Delivery of δ Opioid Receptors. J Neurosci 2017; 37:3741-3752. [PMID: 28264976 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2923-16.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The δ opioid receptor (δR) is a promising alternate target for pain management because δR agonists show decreased abuse potential compared with current opioid analgesics that target the μ opioid receptor. A critical limitation in developing δR as an analgesic target, however, is that δR agonists show relatively low efficacy in vivo, requiring the use of high doses that often cause adverse effects, such as convulsions. Here we tested whether intracellular retention of δR in sensory neurons contributes to this low δR agonist efficacy in vivo by limiting surface δR expression. Using direct visualization of δR trafficking and localization, we define a phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)-regulated checkpoint that retains δR in the Golgi and decreases surface delivery in rat and mice sensory neurons. PTEN inhibition releases δR from this checkpoint and stimulates delivery of exogenous and endogenous δR to the neuronal surface both in vitro and in vivo PTEN inhibition in vivo increases the percentage of TG neurons expressing δR on the surface and allows efficient δR-mediated antihyperalgesia in mice. Together, we define a critical role for PTEN in regulating the surface delivery and bioavailability of the δR, explain the low efficacy of δR agonists in vivo, and provide evidence that active δR relocation is a viable strategy to increase δR antinociception.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Opioid analgesics, such as morphine, which target the μ opioid receptor (μR), have been the mainstay of pain management, but their use is highly limited by adverse effects and their variable efficacy in chronic pain. Identifying alternate analgesic targets is therefore of great significance. Although the δ opioid receptor (δR) is an attractive option, a critical limiting factor in developing δR as a target has been the low efficacy of δR agonists. Why δR agonists show low efficacy is still under debate. This study provides mechanistic and functional data that intracellular localization of δR in neurons is a key factor that contributes to low agonist efficacy, and presents a proof of mechanism that relocating δR improves efficacy.
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Spahn V, Stein C. Targeting delta opioid receptors for pain treatment: drugs in phase I and II clinical development. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:155-160. [PMID: 28001096 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1275562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Opioids are widely used to treat severe pain. Most clinically used opioids activate µ-opioid receptors (MOR). Their ligands induce potent analgesia but also adverse effects. The δ-opioid receptor (DOR) is another member of the opioid receptor family that has been under intense investigation with the aim to avoid MOR-induced side effects. Areas covered: This article reviews DOR ligands which appeared to be promising after preclinical evaluation. A literature search using Pubmed, Cochrane library, ClinicalTrials.gov, EudraCT, AdisInsight database and EBSCO Online Library was conducted. Out of numerous newly synthesized molecules, only few candidates entered phase I and/or II clinical investigation. The publicly accessible results are presented here. Expert opinion: Many compounds showed potent DOR-specific pain inhibition in preclinical studies. ADL5859 and ADL5747 entered clinical trials and successfully passed phase I. However, in phase II studies the primary endpoint (pain reduction) was not met and further investigation was terminated. A third compound, NP2, is in phase II clinical evaluation and results are pending. These findings suggest a potential of DOR ligands according to preclinical studies. Further clinical research and secondary analysis of unpublished data is needed to identify molecules which are useful in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Spahn
- a Klinik für Anästhesiologie und operative Intensivmedizin , Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Christoph Stein
- a Klinik für Anästhesiologie und operative Intensivmedizin , Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin , Germany.,b Multifunctional Biomaterials for Medicine , Helmholtz Virtual Institute , Teltow , Germany
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St-Louis É, Degrandmaison J, Grastilleur S, Génier S, Blais V, Lavoie C, Parent JL, Gendron L. Involvement of the coatomer protein complex I in the intracellular traffic of the delta opioid receptor. Mol Cell Neurosci 2016; 79:53-63. [PMID: 28041939 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The delta opioid receptor (DOPr) is known to be mainly expressed in intracellular compartments. It remains unknown why DOPr is barely exported to the cell surface, but it seems that a substantial proportion of the immature receptor is trapped within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi network. In the present study, we performed LC-MS/MS analysis to identify putative protein partners involved in the retention of DOPr. Analysis of the proteins co-immunoprecipitating with Flag-DOPr in transfected HEK293 cells revealed the presence of numerous subunits of the coatomer protein complex I (COPI), a vesicle-coating complex involved in recycling resident proteins from the Golgi back to the ER. Further analysis of the amino acid sequence of DOPr identified multiple consensus di-lysine and di-arginine motifs within the intracellular segments of DOPr. Using cell-surface ELISA and GST pulldown assays, we showed that DOPr interacts with COPI through its intracellular loops 2 and 3 (ICL2 and ICL3, respectively) and that the mutation of the K164AK166 (ICL2) or K250EK252 (ICL3) putative COPI binding sites increased the cell-surface expression of DOPr in transfected cells. Altogether, our results indicate that COPI is a binding partner of DOPr and provide a putative mechanism to explain why DOPr is highly retained inside the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Étienne St-Louis
- Département de pharmacologie-physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jade Degrandmaison
- Département de médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Sébastien Grastilleur
- Département de pharmacologie-physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Samuel Génier
- Département de médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Blais
- Département de pharmacologie-physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Christine Lavoie
- Département de pharmacologie-physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Luc Parent
- Département de médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
| | - Louis Gendron
- Département de pharmacologie-physiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Département d'anesthésiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Institut de pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHUS, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Quebec Pain Research Network, Québec, Canada.
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Tao W, Zhou W, Wang Y, Sun T, Wang H, Zhang Z, Jin Y. Histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced emergence of synaptic δ-opioid receptors and behavioral antinociception in persistent neuropathic pain. Neuroscience 2016; 339:54-63. [PMID: 27646288 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of opioids in patients with chronic neuropathic pain remains controversial. Although activation of δ-opioid receptors (DORs) in the brainstem reduces inflammation-induced persistent hyperalgesia, it is not effective under persistent neuropathic pain conditions and these clinical problems remain largely unknown. In this study, by using a chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats, we found that in the brainstem nucleus raphe magnus (NRM), DORs emerged on the surface membrane of central synaptic terminals on day 3 after CCI surgery and disappeared on day 14. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors microinjected into the NRM in vivo increased the level of synaptosomal DOR protein and NRM infusion of DOR agonists producing an antinociceptive effect in a nerve growth factor (NGF) signaling-dependent manner. In vitro, in CCI rat slices incubated with HDAC inhibitors, DOR agonists significantly inhibited EPSCs. This effect was blocked by tyrosine receptor kinase A antagonists. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that NRM infusion of HDAC inhibitors in CCI rats increased the level of histone H4 acetylation at Ngf gene promoter regions. NGF was infused into the NRM or incubated CCI rat slices drove DORs to the surface membrane of synaptic terminals. Taken together, epigenetic upregulation of NGF activity by HDAC inhibitors in the NRM promotes the trafficking of DORs to pain-modulating neuronal synapses under neuropathic pain conditions, leading to δ-opioid analgesia. These findings indicate that therapeutic use of DOR agonists combined with HDAC inhibitors might be effective in chronic neuropathic pain managements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease of Chinese Academy of Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Wenjie Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease of Chinese Academy of Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease of Chinese Academy of Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease of Chinese Academy of Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease of Chinese Academy of Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease of Chinese Academy of Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Yan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease of Chinese Academy of Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
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