1
|
Albayati HH, Al Khafaji AM, Al-Karagoly H, Kamel A. Microscopic examination of internal parasites in Iraqi camels ( Camelus dromedarius) with molecular focus on Trichostrongylus spp. Helminthologia 2024; 61:116-123. [PMID: 39040801 PMCID: PMC11260313 DOI: 10.2478/helm-2024-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The camel has played a role in human civilization since its inception and holds significant importance in the customs and agricultural practices of various nations. This study examined the prevalence of internal parasitic infestations in camels within the Al-Diwaniyah and Al-Najaf provinces of Iraq from December 2021 to September 2022. A total of 200 fecal samples were randomly collected from farm camels, revealing that these animals were affected by one or more types of intestinal parasites. Nematodes exhibited the highest prevalence at 56 %, followed by Protozoa at 28.5 %, Cestodes at 14.5 %, and Trematodes at 1 %. Among these parasites, Trichostrongylus spp. had the highest percentage at 33 %, followed by Moneizia benedeni (12.5 %), Fasciola hepatica (10.5 %), Strongyloides spp. (8 %), Giardia spp. (7 %), Nematodirus spp. (6 %), and Eimeria spp. (6 %). Furthermore, mixed-species or single-species infections in camels were observed, including Anoplcephala perfoliata (4 %), Haemonchus spp. (3.5 %), Dictyocaulus spp. (3 %), Trichuris trichura (2.5 %), Entamoeba spp. (2 %), and Balantidium coli (1 %). Additionally, nested PCR was employed to identify Trichostrongylus spp., with 45.4 % of camels testing positive for this particular parasite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H. H. Albayati
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah58001, Iraq
| | - A. M. Al Khafaji
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah58001, Iraq
| | - H. Al-Karagoly
- Department of Internal and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Diwaniyah58001, Iraq
| | - A. Kamel
- College of Medical & Health Technology, Middle Technical University, Baghdad10001, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hussein HA, Musse AH. Camel gastrointestinal helminths in selected districts of Fafan zone, eastern Ethiopia. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2023; 41:100886. [PMID: 37208077 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the incidence and prevalence of helminths in camels in the Jigjiga and Gursum districts of Fafan zone, Somali regional state of Ethiopia. Fecal samples were collected from individual animals and analyzed using a McMaster fecal flotation method. Fecal samples were mixed with water and centrifuged to remove excess debris prior to mixing with flotation solution and performing the McMaster. For each sample, the number and types of parasite eggs present were recorded. 77.3% of examined camels were found harboring gastrointestinal parasites. Trichostrongylid spp. (68.06%) were the predominant parasite followed by Strongyloides spp. (25.6%), Trichuris spp. (15.5%) and Monezia spp. (8.4%). Risk factors for gastrointestinal parasite prevalence included age, body condition score and fecal quality (P < 0.05). Camels from the Gursum district had a significantly higher mean egg count than camels from the Jigjiga district (868.9 ± 1064.2 vs 351 ± 422.4; F = 20.8, P < 0.001). Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference in mean egg count between the sexes (F = 5.9, P = 0.02), with females (724.6 ± 960.6) having higher egg counts than males (373.4 ± 470.6). This study indicates that gastrointestinal helminths are highly prevalent and may affect the health and productivity of the camels in pastoral areas of Fafan zone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Abdi Hussein
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jigjiga University, P.O. Box: 1020, Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
| | - Abdi Hussein Musse
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jigjiga University, P.O. Box: 1020, Jigjiga, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Olivarez JD, Needleman A, Doré V. Recurrent colic in a 1‐year‐old dromedary camel. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/vrc2.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff D. Olivarez
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
- Department of Veterinary Medical Center Lloyd Veterinary Medical Center College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University Ames Iowa USA
| | - Abigail Needleman
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
- Avian and Exotics Department Mount Laurel Animal Hospital Mount Laurel New Jersey USA
| | - Vincent Doré
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois University of Montreal Saint‐Hyacinthe Quebec Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alhaboubi AR, Fadhil AI, Feidhel SR. Prevalence and molecular identification of Nematodirus helvetianus in camels in Iraq. Vet World 2021; 14:1299-1302. [PMID: 34220134 PMCID: PMC8243693 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.1299-1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Camels from the central part of Iraq are infected with multiple parasitic diseases that have an economic impact by decreasing meat and milk production. This study aimed to evaluate Nematodirus spp. in camels (Camelus dromedarius). Materials and Methods: The study animals consisted of camels slaughtered in the central area of Iraq at the Al-Najaf slaughterhouse. All ages and sexes of camels were examined. Worms were recovered and identified microscopically. For molecular characterization, two Iraqi Nematodirus spp. partial ribosomal genes (ITS1 and ITS2) were sequenced and submitted to the NCBI database. Results: Of 160 camels tested, 29 were infected with Nematodirus spp. (18.13%). Twenty-one nematodes containing the Nematodirus genes were identified in the small intestines of naturally infected camels. BLAST analysis revealed 88.1% sequence similarity with that of Nematodirus helvetianus isolated in China and 87.2% similarity with N. helvetianus isolated in the United States. Conclusion: The prevalence of N. helvetianus warrants the use of anti-helminthic drugs for these animals and a rationale for future control strategies to prevent the transmission of this infection to other livestock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amer Rasool Alhaboubi
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali Issa Fadhil
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Shehala Rasool Feidhel
- Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bouragba M, Laatamna A, Cheddad FE, Baroudi D, Houali K, Hakem A. Gastrointestinal parasites of dromedary camel ( Camelus dromedarius) in Algeria. Vet World 2020; 13:1635-1640. [PMID: 33061238 PMCID: PMC7522961 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.1635-1640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The present study was designed to investigate the prevalence and identification of gastrointestinal parasites in feces samples of dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Algeria based on microscopic examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 717 fresh fecal samples obtained from 28 farms at Steppe and Northern Sahara regions of Algeria were processed for microscopic examination after concentration by formalin-ether sedimentation and flotation techniques. In addition, microscopic examination of Cryptosporidium spp. was done by modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining and Lugol staining procedure was used for the detection of Giardia cysts. RESULTS Microscopic examination indicated an infection rate of gastrointestinal parasites of 48.26% (346/717). Protozoan infections were recorded at 17.02% (122/717), whereas helminth infections were recorded at 23.71% (170/717). In addition, mixed infection (protozoans and helminths) was seen at 7.53% (54/717). No correlation was found between infection and age of the animals, nor the consistency of the stool samples; in addition, neither influence of sex nor breed of camels was observed. Eighteen genera of gastrointestinal parasites were revealed; including four genera of protozoa, 12 Nematoda, one Cestoda, and one Trematoda. Strongyloides spp. and Eimeria spp. showed the highest rate of parasitism, while Cooperia spp. was observed with the lowest prevalence. Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in 13 among 717 examined samples (1.81%). CONCLUSION The parasite fauna infecting the gastrointestinal tract of the Algerian dromedary is much diversified. The detected parasites in camels are similar to counterparts in other ruminants, posing serious challenge to animal farming. Future studies should be carried out to better understand the epidemiology of these parasitic diseases and their economic and public health impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Messaoud Bouragba
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Agronomical Sciences, University of Mouloud Mammeri, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
- Laboratory of Exploration and Valorization of Steppic Ecosystems, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria
| | - AbdElkarim Laatamna
- Laboratory of Exploration and Valorization of Steppic Ecosystems, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria
| | | | - Djamel Baroudi
- Higher National Veterinary School, Issad Abbes Street, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Karim Houali
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological and Agronomical Sciences, University of Mouloud Mammeri, Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria
| | - Ahcène Hakem
- Laboratory of Exploration and Valorization of Steppic Ecosystems, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, Djelfa, Algeria
- Centre Research in Agro-Pastoralism, Djelfa, Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
El-Khabaz KAS, Abdel-Hakeem SS, Arfa MI. Protozoan and helminthes parasites endorsed by imported camels ( Camel dromedaries) to Egypt. J Parasit Dis 2019; 43:607-615. [PMID: 31749532 PMCID: PMC6841872 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-019-01138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and species spectrum of some blood and intestinal parasites affecting imported camels was studied on a total of 120 clinically suspected camels (males) imported to Egypt from Sudan during the period from January till July 2016 in Abu-Simbel quarantine station, Aswan governorate. Blood and fecal samples were collected from all camels under the study. The fecal samples were collected and examined by sedimentation-floatation techniques for detection of parasitic eggs/oocysts. Coprological examination revealed that the prevalence rate of the parasitic infection was 60% (72 out of 120). Eighteen species of helminthes/protozoan parasites eggs/oocysts were encountered stongyles species were the hightest prevalent of nematodes 12.5%. Four genera of flat worms were identified in the present study including Paramphistomum sp. 0.8%, Fasciola sp. 3.3%, Moniezia sp. 7.5% and Dicrocoelim sp. 0.8%. Four species of Eimeria were identified (E. cameli, E. dromedarii, E. rajasthaniand E. pellerdyi) in infected camels the commenst one is E. cameli 15.8%, Cryptospridium sp. and Balatidium coli were recorded with a prevalence rate about 15.8%, 8.3% and 6.7% respectively. Blood smears from jugular vein revealed that 2.5% of camels were infected with Dipetalonema evansi. Wide spectrum and high prevalence of internal parasites were observed in the present study which may be lead to severe economic losses, so the application of control measures and treatment of infected camels with specific and effective drugs during the quarantine period are most important to prevent spreading of parasitic infestation and/or introduction of parasites previously not exist in our country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled A. S. El-Khabaz
- Department of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Asyut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Sara S. Abdel-Hakeem
- Parasitology Lab, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Asyut, 71526 Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Molecular screening approach to identify protozoan and trichostrongylid parasites infecting one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius). Acta Trop 2019; 197:105060. [PMID: 31194962 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the diversity of many parasites infecting camels, with most relying on morphological parameters. DNA extracted from different tissues (n = 90) and fecal samples (n = 101) from dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius) in Egypt were screened for multiple parasites using different molecular markers. Screening of tissue samples (heart) for Toxoplasma gondii and Sarcocystis spp. was performed using B1 and 18S rRNA gene markers, respectively. T. gondii was further genotyped using multiplex multilocus nested PCR-RFLP (Mn-PCR-RFLP). Sarcocystis was analyzed using PCR-RFLP characterization (XbaI and MboI restriction enzymes). A taxonomically challenging but important group of nematodes (Trichostrongylidae family) were screened using the ITS-2 ribosomal DNA (rDNA) species-specific markers. Furthermore, nested PCR was used for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. (SSU rRNA gene) and positive samples were genotyped after RFLP (SspI and VspI) and sequencing. Cryptosporidium parvum isolates were subtyped by sequence analysis of the 60-kDa glycoprotein gene. This study revealed that many parasites infect the investigated camels, including T. gondii (1.1%), Sarcocystis spp. (64.4%), Cryptosporidium spp. (5.9%) and Trichostrongylidae nematodes (22.7%). The species contribution for nematodes was as follows: Haemonchus spp. (95.6%), Trichostrongylus axei (26%), Trichostrongylus colubriformis (65.2%) and Cooperia oncophora (60.8%). Mn-PCR-RFLP typing for Toxoplasma was only successful for three markers: 5'-SAG2 (type II), 3'-SAG2 (type II) and alt. SAG2 (type II). PCR-RFLP using XbaI showed possible mixed Sarcocystis infection. Moreover, the Cryptosporidium genotypes detected were C. parvum (IIdA19G1 and IIaA15G1R1), Cryptosporidium rat genotype IV and a novel genotype (camel genotype). This approach revealed the unique Cryptosporidium genotypes infecting the investigated camels, and the high genetic diversity of the investigated parasites.
Collapse
|
8
|
Islam A, Islam S, Ferdous J, Rahman MK, Uddin MH, Akter S, Rahman MH, Hassan MM. Diversity and prevalence of parasitic infestation with zoonotic potential in dromedary camel ( Camelus dromedarius ) and fat-tailed sheep (dhumba) in Bangladesh. J Adv Vet Anim Res 2019; 6:142-147. [PMID: 31453183 PMCID: PMC6702934 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2019.f324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parasitic infestation is a major cause of losses in livestock production in tropical regions. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Gastro-intestinal (GI) parasites of dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) and fat-tailed sheep (dhumba), and the prevalence of hemoparasites in camel from Dhaka, Bangladesh. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 87 fecal samples (32 dhumba and 55 camel) and 55 camel blood samples were collected during September-October 2015. Fecal samples were examined by direct smear, sedimentation method, flotation technique, and McMaster technique for GI parasite. Giemsa stained blood smears were examined under microscope for hemoparasite detection. RESULTS 62% camel (n = 34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 47.7-74.6) were infected with at least one genus of parasite. 15% camel were harboring more than one genus of parasite. The prevalence of GI parasite and hemoparasite in camel were recorded as Trichuris spp. (n = 16; 29%; 95% CI: 17.6-42.9), Balantidium coli (n = 12; 22%; 95% CI: 11.8-35.0), Trichostrongylus spp. (n = 7; 13%; 95% CI: 5.3-24.5), Strongyloides spp. (n = 5; 9%; 95% CI: 3.0-20.0), Anaplasma spp. (n = 5; 9%; 95% CI: 3.02-20.0), Paragonimus spp. (n = 1; 2%; 95% CI: 0.05-9.7), Schistosoma spp. (n = 1; 2%; 95% CI: 0.05-9.7), Hymenolepis spp. (n = 1; 2%; 95% CI: 0.05-9.7), Moniezia spp. (n = 1; 2%; 95% CI: 0.05-9.7), and Babesia spp. (n = 1; 2%; 95% CI: 0.05-9.7). Mean EPG feces of camel was 291.76 ± 42.03 with a range of 0-1,400. Total 59.4% dhumba (n = 19; 95% CI: 41-76) were positive for GI parasite, including Trichostrongylus spp. (n = 10; 31.3%; 95% CI: 16.1-50), Strongyloides spp. (n = 9; 28%; 95% CI: 13.8-46.8), B. coli (n = 5; 15.6%; 95% CI: 5.3-32.8), and Trichuris spp. (n = 4; 12.5%; 95% CI: 3.5-28.9). CONCLUSIONS High percentage of parasitic infestation in camel and dhumba in the present study refers to the necessity of use of anthelmintic for health and production improvement and to prevent zoonotic parasite transmission to animal handler and workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shariful Islam
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jinnat Ferdous
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kaisar Rahman
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Helal Uddin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Sazeda Akter
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hafizar Rahman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Uhde AK, Lehmbecker A, Baumgärtner W, Spitzbarth I. Evaluation of a panel of antibodies for the immunohistochemical identification of immune cells in paraffin-embedded lymphoid tissues of new- and old-world camelids. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2017; 184:42-53. [PMID: 28166931 PMCID: PMC7111308 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Different species of camelids play
an important role in the epidemiology of various emerging infectious
diseases such as Middle East respiratory syndrome. For precise
investigations of the immunopathogenesis in these host species,
appropriate immunohistochemical markers are highly needed in order to
phenotype distinct immune cells populations in camelids. So far, specific
immunohistochemical markers for camelid immune cells are rarely
commercially available, and cross-reactivity studies are restricted to
the use of frozen dromedary tissues. To bridge this gap, 14 commercially
available primary antibodies were tested for their suitability to
demonstrate immune cell populations on formalin fixed paraffin-embedded
(FFPE) tissue sections of dromedaries, Bactrian camels, llamas, and
alpacas in the present study. Out of these, 9 antibodies directed against
CD3, CD20, CD79α, HLA-DR, Iba-1, myeloid/histiocyte antigen, CD204,
CD208, and CD68 antigen exhibited distinct immunoreaction patterns to
certain camelid immune cell subsets. The distribution of these antigens
was comparatively evaluated in different anatomical compartments of
thymus, spleen, mesenteric, and tracheobronchial lymph nodes. The
presented results will provide a basis for further investigations in
camelids, especially with respect to the role of the immune response in
certain infectious diseases, which harbor a considerable risk to spill
over to other species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Uhde
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Annika Lehmbecker
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Baumgärtner
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Ingo Spitzbarth
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Foundation, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany; Center for Systems Neuroscience, Bünteweg 2, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Vejzagić N, Kringel H, Bruun JM, Roepstorff A, Thamsborg SM, Grossi AB, Kapel CM. Temperature dependent embryonic development of Trichuris suis eggs in a medicinal raw material. Vet Parasitol 2016; 215:48-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
11
|
Ghorbani A, Rabbani Khorasgani M, Zarkesh-Esfahani H, Sharifiyazdi H, Kashani AD, Emami H. Comparison of serology, culture, and PCR for detection of brucellosis in slaughtered camels in Iran. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-012-1499-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
12
|
Nonga HE, Mwabonimana MF, Ngowi HA, Mellau LSB, Karimuribo ED. A retrospective survey of liver fasciolosis and stilesiosis in livestock based on abattoir data in Arusha, Tanzania. Trop Anim Health Prod 2009; 41:1377-80. [PMID: 19252997 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-009-9325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H E Nonga
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3021, Chuo Kikuu Morogoro, Tanzania.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dung avoidance as a possible mechanism in competition between wild and domestic ungulates: two experiments with chamois Rupicapra rupicapra. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-007-0115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- M L Dia
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, BP 167 Nouakchott, Mauritania.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
El-Bahy MM, El-Bahy NM, Shalaby HA. Value of Haemonchus longistipes purified antigens in diagnosis of gastro-intestinal nematodes infection in camels. Pak J Biol Sci 2007; 10:1452-8. [PMID: 19069956 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.1452.1458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Fractionated Haemonchus longistipes crude antigen revealed 7 protein fractions at molecular weights of 93, 74, 67, 56, 32, 26 and 16 kDa. The bands at 56, 32 and 26 kDa reacted specifically with H. longistipes hyperimmune sera prepared in rabbit (1:100 dilution) using EITB technique. The eluted concentrated fractions as well as crude worm antigens were used in diagnosis of natural infection of Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes (GIN) only or associated with other parasites in camels using ELISA technique. H. longistipes crude antigen and fraction of 26 kDa induced high sensitivity in diagnosis of infection in animals harboring GIN only (sensitivity was 95-100%), while it was 85.0-93.3% with 32 kDa fraction and 55.5-73.3% with that of 56 kDa using ELISA technique. The two H. longistipes eluted protein fractions of 26 and 32 kDa showed higher sensitivity than their crude antigens in diagnosis of GIN infection mixed with other parasites. While, Protein bands of 26 kDa appeared more sensitive than the other protein bands in detection of anti- H. longistipes antibodies at higher serum dilution. With special superiority for fraction of 26 kDa, in comparison with the other antigens, sharp specificity or sensitivity in diagnosis, could not be achieved in this study especially in case of mixed infection with other parasites, where these animals might be immune-compromised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M El-Bahy
- Department of Veterinary Medicines, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, Medicine El-Qassium University, KSA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mungube EO, Bauni SM, Tenhagen BA, Wamae LW, Nginyi JM, Mugambi JM. The prevalence and economic significance of Fasciola gigantica and Stilesia hepatica in slaughtered animals in the semi-arid coastal Kenya. Trop Anim Health Prod 2007; 38:475-83. [PMID: 17243475 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-006-4394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fasciola gigantica and Stilesia hepatica constrain ruminant productivity. The prevalence and economic losses caused by F. gigantica and S. hepatica in the ruminant production systems of Taveta division of Kenya were estimated in a retrospective appraisal of the slaughter records on the total number of animals slaughtered and livers condemned over the period 1989 to 2004. Only liver condemnations based on infestation by F. gigantica and S. hepatica were considered for purposes of this study. Liver condemnation rates differed significantly between bovines, caprines and ovines (p < or = 0.05) for F. gigantica (26%, 6.6% and 5.2%, respectively) and for S. hepatica (0.4%, 22% and 28%, respectively). The total loss through condemnation of both F. gigantica and S. hepatica infested livers was 4,408,272 KES (Kenyan shillings) (US dollars 72,272). The proportion of loss in bovines, caprines and ovines, was 76%, 17% and 7%, respectively. Fasciolosis contributed 3505410 KES (79.5%) and S. hepatica infestation 903,210 KES (20.5%) to the total losses due to liver condemnations. The authors feel strongly that there is a need for more work on the two parasites using live animals to determine the prevalence in animals of various ages, species and breeds and the economics of disease control at farm level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E O Mungube
- Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Katumani Research Centre, P.O. Box 340-90100, Machakos.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Omer OH, Al-Sagair O. The occurrence of Thysanosoma actinioides Diesing, 1834 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) in a Najdi Camel in Saudi Arabia. Vet Parasitol 2005; 131:165-7. [PMID: 15922510 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2005] [Revised: 03/07/2005] [Accepted: 03/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The fringed tapeworm Thysanosoma actinioides was recovered from the liver of a Najdi camel (Camelus dromedarius) slaughtered in central Saudi Arabia. T. actinioides is recorded for the first time as a parasite of old world camels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O H Omer
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, King Saud University, Qassim, Buraidah, P.O. Box 1482, Saudi Arabia.
| | | |
Collapse
|