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Santos HF, Flausino W, Martins TF, Silito IS, Luz HR, Serpa MCDA, Labruna MB, Faccini JLH. Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and tick-borne agents associated with domestic dogs in an environmental protection area in Brazil, with molecular evidence of Rhipicephalus linnaei (Audouin, 1826). REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA = BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY : ORGAO OFICIAL DO COLEGIO BRASILEIRO DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2024; 33:e008224. [PMID: 39383386 PMCID: PMC11486457 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612024045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Wild animals and domestic dogs living in human dwellings near forested areas can share ectoparasites, including ticks. In this study, we surveyed ticks associated with dogs which tutors living in the Palmares Environmental Protection Area (EPA Palmares). Dogs were classified into three categories, domiciled, semi-domiciled and wandering dogs according to dog care/ type of dwelling. Ticks were collected monthly from January to December, 2020. Overall, 60 (33.9%) out of 177 examined dogs were infested by ticks. Six species of ticks were identified: Rhipicephalus linnaei, Amblyomma aureolatum, Amblyomma sculptum, Amblyomma ovale, Amblyomma dubitatum and Rhipicephalus microplus. The overall prevalence and presence in semi-domicilied+wandering dogs was higher for A. aureolatum than for R. linnaei by the Chi-square statistic tests. A random sample of 50 ticks, collected from 22 different dogs, were processed through molecular analyses. Ticks were submitted to DNA extraction and also by PCR, using specific primers in order to pathogens monitoring. Four males of A. aureolatum yielded DNA sequences (350 bp) that were 100% identical to the type strain of Rickettsia bellii in GenBank (CP000087).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio Freitas Santos
- Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropérica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Walter Flausino
- Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro – UFRRJ, Seropérica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Thiago Fernandes Martins
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventina e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Ciência Animal, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Igor Silva Silito
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventina e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Ciência Animal, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Hermes Ribeiro Luz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia – RENORBIO, Universidade Federal do Maranhão – UFMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - Maria Carolina de Azevedo Serpa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventina e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Ciência Animal, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Marcelo Bahia Labruna
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventina e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Ciência Animal, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - João Luiz Horacio Faccini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia – RENORBIO, Universidade Federal do Maranhão – UFMA, São Luís, MA, Brasil
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S DC, A C, C UC, E HH, V G, I S, N SP, D PM, D GA, C N, J V, G AJ, D V, J M. Mapping the distribution and risk factors of Anaplasmataceae in wild and domestic canines in Chile and their association with Rhipicephalus sanguineus species complex lineages. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021; 12:101752. [PMID: 34134063 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis are members of the Anaplasmataceae family that cause disease in dogs and are mainly transmitted by Rhipicephalus sanguineus species group ticks. We performed a cross-sectional study on these pathogens across six bioclimatic regions of Chile, including 719 free-ranging rural dogs, 132 Andean foxes (Lycalopex culpaeus), and 82 South American gray foxes (Lycalopex griseus). Dog and fox blood samples were first screened for DNA of Anaplasmataceae followed by two Ehrlichia-specific protocols. Antibodies against Anaplasma sp. and E. canis were assessed by immunofluorescence in dogs. Ectoparasites were collected and identified, with the determination of the lineages of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus species group by molecular and phylogenetic analyses. Finally, potential risk factors for infection were investigated across the different bioclimatic regions and host species. All DNA amplicons obtained from the screening protocol corresponded to Anaplasma platys. The occurrence of both A. platys DNA and antibodies was confirmed in all six bioclimatic regions, except for regions at high altitude and/or without either R. sanguineus species group lineage present. Dogs infested with R. sanguineus ticks were significantly more prone to be infected and exposed to Anaplasma spp. Prevalence of DNA was significantly higher in juvenile (19%) than in adult dogs (9%), whereas the opposite was found for seroprevalence (19% versus 35%, respectively). Overall prevalence of A. platys DNA was higher in dogs (11%) than in foxes (4%), probably owing to markedly lower tick infestations in the foxes. Ehrlichia canis DNA was not detected in any sample, and antibodies against this pathogen were detected only in four dogs, in areas with both R. sanguineus lineages present. Free-ranging dogs in Chile could be favoring the maintenance of A. platys in all areas suitable for its tick vector. Although apparently infrequent, spillovers from dogs to foxes may be taking place and should be considered in management plans in Chile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Cataldo S
- Conservation Medicine, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 252, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Cevidanes A
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago, Chile; Department of Animal Health. NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development. Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA). Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, P812, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Ulloa-Contreras C
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11735, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hidalgo-Hermoso E
- Conservation and Research Department, Parque Zoológico Buin Zoo, Panamericana Sur Km 32, Buin, Chile
| | - Gargano V
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per Anaplasma, Babesia, Rickettsia, e Theileria, Istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale della Sicilia, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, Palermo, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Sacristán I
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sallaberry-Pincheira N
- Unidad de Rehabilitación de Fauna Silvestre, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 252, Santiago, Chile
| | - Peñaloza-Madrid D
- Parque Safari Chile, Ruta H-30, Km 5, Camino A Doñihue S/N, Rancagua, O'Higgins, Chile
| | - González-Acuña D
- Departamento de Ciencias Pecuarias, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, 71 Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - Napolitano C
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Biodiversidad, Universidad de Los Lagos, Av. Fuchslocher 1305, Osorno, Chile; Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vianna J
- Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile
| | - Acosta-Jamett G
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria y Programa de Investigación Aplicada en Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Vicari D
- Centro di Referenza Nazionale per Anaplasma, Babesia, Rickettsia, e Theileria, Istituto zooprofilattico sperimentale della Sicilia, via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, Palermo, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Millán J
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 440, Santiago, Chile; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Fundación ARAID, Avda. de Ranillas, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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Oliveira Filho JGD, Ferreira LL, Silva FDO, Menezes KMF, Muniz ER, Paula LGFD, Sarria ALF, Pickett JA, Birkett MA, Mascarin GM, Borges LMF. Persistence and efficacy of a new formulation based on dog allomonal repellents against Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato tick. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 27:313-318. [PMID: 30133595 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120180054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Beagles are less susceptible to Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato tick due to the production of the allomones benzaldehyde and 2-hexanone. Our previous published work showed that these compounds can reduce tick burden on susceptible dogs. Here we tested the hypothesis that an increase in repellent dose and release rate could increase repellent efficacy and persistence. Slow-release formulations of these compounds, with higher doses and release rates, were tested on artificially-infested dogs. Ten dogs were randomly assigned to two groups with five dogs each. The treated group received collars with slow-release formulations of the compounds attached, while the control group received collars with clean formulations attached. Five environmental infestations were performed, with the number of ticks (at all stages) on the dogs being counted once a day for 40 days. No significant increase in repellent efficacy was observed with the higher doses and release rates, whereas a greater persistence in repellent activity was observed. Treatment with the formulations resulted in a two-to-three-fold reduction in the number of immature stage ticks for up to three weeks. However, the number of adults was similar in both groups. Loss of repellent activity after the third week of testing coincided with a marked change in the relative release rates for the two compounds. It is hypothesized that relative amounts, rather than absolute amounts, of repellent release from slow-release formulations are important for repellent activity. We also hypothesize that the avoidance of less-preferred hosts by ticks relies on olfactory-mediated perception of specific blends of volatile cues from less preferred hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | - Fernanda de Oliveira Silva
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - Elen Regozino Muniz
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, Brasil
| | | | - André Lucio Franceschini Sarria
- Biointeraction and Crop Protection Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - John Anthony Pickett
- Biointeraction and Crop Protection Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Alexander Birkett
- Biointeraction and Crop Protection Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Moura Mascarin
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariúna, SP, Brasil
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Awareness of tick-borne disease and compliance with using tick preventive products of dog owners in Hong Kong. Prev Vet Med 2017; 137:97-100. [PMID: 28034594 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tick-borne disease in dogs is common in South-east Asia and includes babesiosis and ehrlichiosis. These diseases can be largely prevented by compliant use of tick preventive products. This study investigated knowledge of ticks and tick-borne disease and use of tick preventive agents by a large sample of dog owners in Hong Kong. A total of 492 valid questionnaires were completed by owners attending veterinary practices, approached by researchers at common dog-walking areas, or targeted via local social media sites for pet owners. A high proportion of respondents were aware of tick-borne disease (79%) and this correlated well with use of preventive products. However, 18% of owners did not use any protection, mainly due to lack of knowledge of the risk of disease. Targeted advice stressing the importance of tick protection use and frequent follow-up at veterinary clinics could help reduce the risk of tick-borne disease. It would be beneficial if veterinarians provided training of frontline staff at the clinics to ensure they provide essential information to clients in an easily understandable format.
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Évora PM, Sanches GS, Jusi MMG, Alves LBR, Machado RZ, Bechara GH. Lack of acquired resistance in dogs to successive infestations of Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks from Brazil and Argentina. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2015; 67:135-146. [PMID: 26063405 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-015-9936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Comparative studies between brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus populations from Brazil (Jaboticabal, São Paulo) and Argentina (Rafaela, Santa Fé) showed significant biological, morphological and genetic differences between them. This work aimed to study, in a comparative way, the acquisition of resistance in domestic dogs to R. sanguineus from Jaboticabal and Rafaela, after successive and controlled infestations. Ticks were kept in a BOD incubator under controlled conditions (27 °C, 80 % relative humidity, 12-h photoperiod). Ten dogs, Dachshund breed, males and females, 6 months old, short- or long-haired, without prior contact with ticks, were used as hosts. They were distributed into two experimental groups composed of five animals each: G1 infested with ten adult couples of R. sanguineus (Jaboticabal) per animal, and G2 infested with ten adult couples of R. sanguineus (Rafaela) per animal. Ticks' biological parameters and titration of antibodies from the dogs' sera by ELISA test were used for comparison between the strains. Results of the biological parameters showed that the dogs did not acquire immunity to either of the R. sanguineus strains after repeated infestations. The ELISA test showed low antibody titers in sera of dogs from G2, in successive infestations, and higher antibody responses post second and third infestations in G1. It also demonstrated cross-reactivity between sera of dogs infested with R. sanguineus (Jaboticabal) and antigens from R. sanguineus (Rafaela) and vice versa. We conclude that Dachshund dogs did not develop resistance against neither Jaboticabal nor Rafaela strains of R. sanguineus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Martinez Évora
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agronomic and Veterinary Sciences-FCAV, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Campus of Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo D. Castellane, Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, 14884-900, Brazil
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Borges LMF, de Oliveira Filho JG, Ferreira LL, Louly CCB, Pickett JA, Birkett MA. Identification of non-host semiochemicals for the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Acari: Ixodidae), from tick-resistant beagles, Canis lupus familiaris. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2015; 6:676-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lees K, Jones AK, Matsuda K, Akamatsu M, Sattelle DB, Woods DJ, Bowman AS. Functional characterisation of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α subunit from the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Int J Parasitol 2013; 44:75-81. [PMID: 24291321 PMCID: PMC4029082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ticks and tick-borne diseases have a major impact on human and animal health worldwide. Current control strategies rely heavily on the use of chemical acaricides, most of which target the CNS and with increasing resistance, new drugs are urgently needed. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are targets of highly successful insecticides. We isolated a full-length nAChR α subunit from a normalised cDNA library from the synganglion (brain) of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Phylogenetic analysis has shown this R. sanguineus nAChR to be most similar to the insect α1 nAChR group and has been named Rsanα1. Rsanα1 is distributed in multiple tick tissues and is present across all life-stages. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes Rsanα1 failed to function as a homomer, with and without the addition of either Caenorhabditis elegans resistance-to-cholinesterase (RIC)-3 or X. laevis RIC-3. When co-expressed with chicken β2 nAChR, Rsanα1 evoked concentration-dependent, inward currents in response to acetylcholine (ACh) and showed sensitivity to nicotine (100 μM) and choline (100 μM). Rsanα1/β2 was insensitive to both imidacloprid (100 μM) and spinosad (100 μM). The unreliable expression of Rsanα1 in vitro suggests that additional subunits or chaperone proteins may be required for more robust expression. This study enhances our understanding of nAChRs in arachnids and may provide a basis for further studies on the interaction of compounds with the tick nAChR as part of a discovery process for novel acaricides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Lees
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Ave, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK; Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Andrew K Jones
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UK
| | - Kazuhiko Matsuda
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan
| | - Miki Akamatsu
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kinki University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan
| | - David B Sattelle
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Cruciform Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT
| | - Debra J Woods
- Pfizer Animal Health, Pfizer Ltd, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, UK
| | - Alan S Bowman
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Ave, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK.
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Gray J, Dantas-Torres F, Estrada-Peña A, Levin M. Systematics and ecology of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2013; 4:171-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Revised: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Louly CCB, Soares SF, da Nóbrega Silveira D, Guimarães MS, Borges LMF. Differences in the behavior of Rhipicephalus sanguineus tested against resistant and susceptible dogs. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2010; 51:353-362. [PMID: 20091335 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-009-9334-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To ascertain whether brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sp. infests resistant (beagle) and susceptible (English cocker spaniel) dogs differently, five animals of each breed were maintained in a kennel whose walls were infested with 7,000 larvae, 320 nymphs, 80 males and 80 females, in 3 infestations, at 10-day intervals. Five times more ticks were found on cocker spaniels (498) than on beagles (96). Substances were collected by rubbing pieces of clean flannel on the dogs for 15 min and these were tested for arrestment and attractiveness of ticks. Three choices were offered: cocker extract vs. control; beagle extract vs. control, and cocker extract vs. beagle extract. When allowed to choose between substances rubbed from dogs and a control, more ticks were arrested by extracts from the cockers than from beagles. In the arrestment tests with only a choice between substances from dogs of each breed, more ticks were arrested by cocker substances. To test for attraction, capsules containing adsorbent were used and the tests were carried out in a Y-olfactometer. Fifteen males and 15 females were tested, for each treatment. In the olfactometer, the ticks were not attracted to the odor of either breed, however the odor of the Beagle was apparently repellent. These results indicate that R. sanguineus can use substances from the dogs to differentiate susceptible English Cocker Spaniels from resistant Beagles.
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Dantas-Torres F. Biology and ecology of the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Parasit Vectors 2010; 3:26. [PMID: 20377860 PMCID: PMC2857863 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-3-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) is the most widespread tick in the world and a well-recognized vector of many pathogens affecting dogs and occasionally humans. This tick can be found on dogs living in both urban and rural areas, being highly adapted to live within human dwellings and being active throughout the year not only in tropical and subtropical regions, but also in some temperate areas. Depending on factors such as climate and host availability, Rh. sanguineus can complete up to four generations per year. Recent studies have demonstrated that ticks exposed to high temperatures attach and feed on humans and rabbits more rapidly. This observation suggests that the risk of human parasitism by Rh. sanguineus could increase in areas experiencing warmer and/or longer summers, consequently increasing the risk of transmission of zoonotic agents (e.g., Rickettsia conorii and Rickettsia rickettsii). In the present article, some aspects of the biology and ecology of Rh. sanguineus ticks are discussed including the possible impact of current climate changes on populations of this tick around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Dantas-Torres
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Zootecnia, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria Università degli Studi di Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
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Tinoco-Gracia L, Quiroz-Romero H, Quintero-Martínez MT, Rentería-Evangelista TB, González-Medina Y, Barreras-Serrano A, Hori-Oshima S, Moro MH, Vinasco J. Prevalence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus
ticks on dogs in a region on the Mexico-USA border. Vet Rec 2009; 164:59-61. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.164.2.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Tinoco-Gracia
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Autónoma de Baja California; Av. Michoacán 2101 Fracc. Orizaba Mexicali CP 21130 Mexico
| | - H. Quiroz-Romero
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia; Departamento de Parasitología, Circuito Exterior; Ciudad Universitaria; Delegación Coyoacán CP 04510 Mexico
| | - M. T. Quintero-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia; Departamento de Parasitología, Circuito Exterior; Ciudad Universitaria; Delegación Coyoacán CP 04510 Mexico
| | - T. B. Rentería-Evangelista
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Autónoma de Baja California; Av. Pablo Rivera 1474, Col. Independencia Mexicali CP 21290 Mexico
| | - Y. González-Medina
- Laboratorio de SAGARPA; Delegación Baja California; Av. Michoacán 2101, Fracc. Orizaba Mexicali CP 21130 Mexico
| | - A. Barreras-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Autónoma de Baja California; Av. Michoacán 2101 Fracc. Orizaba Mexicali CP 21130 Mexico
| | - S. Hori-Oshima
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Veterinarias; Universidad Autónoma de Baja California; Av. Michoacán 2101 Fracc. Orizaba Mexicali CP 21130 Mexico
| | - M. H. Moro
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Kansas State University; 309 Coles Hall Manhattan KS 66506 USA
| | - J. Vinasco
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Kansas State University; 309 Coles Hall Manhattan KS 66506 USA
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Dantas-Torres F. The brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille, 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae): from taxonomy to control. Vet Parasitol 2008; 152:173-85. [PMID: 18280045 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Rhipicephalus sanguineus, commonly known as the brown dog tick, is a three-host tick that feeds primarily on dogs and occasionally on other hosts, including humans. R. sanguineus ticks are widely distributed around the world and they are known vectors of pathogens, such as Babesia canis, Ehrlichia canis, and Rickettsia conorii. The increasing number of cases of human parasitism by R. sanguineus ticks reported in the literature indicates that the interaction between humans and R. sanguineus ticks may be more common than it is actually recognized. The indiscriminate use of acaricides is an emerging problem worldwide and has led to the selection of acaricide resistant tick strains. In this article, the medical and veterinary importance, taxonomy, biology, and ecology of R. sanguineus ticks around the world are reviewed. It also discusses the current strategies for the control of R. sanguineus, highlighting the potential risks associated to the improper use of acaricides, such as environmental pollution and toxicity to humans and other non-target organisms (e.g., tick predators).
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Dantas-Torres
- Departamento de Imunologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Caixa Postal 7472, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego s/n, Campus UFPE, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Szabó MPJ, Mangold AJ, João CF, Bechara GH, Guglielmone AA. Biological and DNA evidence of two dissimilar populations of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick group (Acari: Ixodidae) in South America. Vet Parasitol 2005; 130:131-40. [PMID: 15893080 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the biology, mitochondrial DNA and fertility of hybrids from two strains of Rhipicephalus sanguineus, from Brazil and Argentina, were compared. Engorged larvae, nymphs and adults from Argentina weighed more and the engorgement period of adult females was significantly longer than those of their Brazilian counterparts, whereas adult female tick yield rate was higher for the Brazilian strain. High intraspecific divergence of mitochondrial DNA was detected between R. sanguineus from Brazil and Argentina. On the other hand, a strong genetic relationship was detected between European and Argentinean R. sanguineus populations while the Brazilian population appeared to be related to the African Rhipicephalus turanicus. Adult hybrid females laid eggs, which were mostly unviable, whereas a mean of more than 1400 larvae hatched per egg mass from pure Brazilian and Argentinean strains. These results showed that differences between these strains are greater than previously assumed and that the biosystematic status of R. sanguineus ticks from South America should be re-evaluated. Wide variations, such as these might account for the reported worldwide differences in biology and vector capacity of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias P J Szabó
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. Pará 1720/Campus Umuarama, Bloco 2T, CEP 38400-902 Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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You MJ. Immunization effect of recombinant P27/30 protein expressed in Escherichia coli against the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) in rabbits. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2005; 42:195-200. [PMID: 15591837 PMCID: PMC2717385 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2004.42.4.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the induction of resistance to Haemaphysalis longicornis infestation in rabbits that had been immunized with recombinant H. longicornis P27/30 protein. The success of immunological control methods is dependent upon the use of potential key antigens as tick vaccine candidates. Previously, we cloned a gene encoding 27 kDa and 30 kDa proteins (P27/30) of H. longicornis, and identified P27/30 as a troponin I-like protein. In this study, rabbits that were immunized with recombinant P27/30 expressed in Escherichia coli showed the statistically significant longer feeding duration for larval and adult ticks (P<0.05), low engorgement rates in larval ticks (64.4%), and an apparent reduction in egg weights, which suggest that H. longicornis P27/30 protein is a potential candidate antigen for a tick vaccine. These results demonstrated that the recombinant P27/30 protein might be a useful vaccine candidate antigen for biological control of H. longicornis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Jo You
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea.
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Jittapalapong S, Stich RW, Gordon JC, Wittum TE, Barriga OO. Performance of female Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) fed on dogs exposed to multiple infestations or immunization with tick salivary gland or midgut tissues. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2000; 37:601-611. [PMID: 10916303 DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585-37.4.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This investigation compared the effects of repeated infestations to immunization of dogs with tick salivary gland or midgut extracts on the feeding and fecundity performances of female Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latrielle). In each immunized group, three tick-naive dogs were immunized three times with tick salivary gland or midgut extracts, and twice challenged at 21-d intervals by allowing 80 female and 40 male adult ticks to feed on each host. The repeated infestation group of three naive dogs was infested five times at 21-d intervals by the same numbers of ticks. The repeated infestation group showed a trend of reduced tick performance after the third infestation, but some of the tick performance parameters had recovered by the fifth infestation. Tick attachment was reduced by immunization with either tick salivary gland or midgut extract. Immunization with tick salivary gland extract had the greatest impact on the feeding period and engorgement weight of the female ticks. Immunization with tick midgut extract resulted in the greatest reduction of tick fecundity parameters, which included preoviposition, oviposition, and egg-incubation periods in addition to reduced egg production and egg viability. These results confirm that dogs can become resistant to R. sanguineus, and demonstrate that immunization with tick salivary gland or midgut extract has different effects on tick feeding and fecundity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jittapalapong
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
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Inokuma H, Aita T, Ohno K, Onishi T. Effects of infestation by Rhipicephalus sanguineus on lymphocyte blastogenic responses to mitogens in dogs. J Vet Med Sci 1998; 60:1013-6. [PMID: 9795902 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.60.1013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen blastogenic responses of lymphocytes from dogs infested with adult Rhipicephalus sanguineus and the effects of salivary gland extracts (SGE) of the tick on the blastogenic responses of lymphocytes from normal dogs were studied. Infestation by R. sanguineus significantly suppressed concanavalin A, phyto-hemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen responses of lymphocytes from dogs. The inhibition of lymphocyte responses of dogs in the first infestation was greater than that in the second infestation. SGE from R. sanguineus also suppressed all mitogen blastogenic responses of lymphocytes from healthy dogs in vitro. These suppressive effects of SGE on the blastogenic responses of PBL to mitogens were significantly inhibited by trypsin digestion. It is suggested that some proteins in SGE contribute to the suppressive effects of SGE on the blastogenic responses of peripheral blood lymphocytes from dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Inokuma
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, Japan
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