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Abderrahmani K, Boulahdid M, Bendou N, Aissani A. Seasonal distribution of cadmium, lead, nickel, and magnesium in several tissues of mussels from the Algerian coasts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:22547-22567. [PMID: 32319062 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08682-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, and Mn) in different organs of two marine mussel species, Perna perna collected from Figuier site and Mytilus galloprovincialis sampled from Sercouf and Algiers port sites of the Algerian coast. Thirty individuals (>5 cm length) were seasonally sampled over a 1-year period from each site, and condition index (CI) and gonado somatic index (GSI) of mussels were calculated. The gill, digestive gland, rest of soft tissues, and gonad were accurately isolated and heavy metal contents were analyzed by ICP-MS. Heavy metal results, expressed on μg/g dry weight, ranged from 0.1 to 2.6 Cd, 0.1 to 17.15 Pb, 0.36 to 25.7 Ni, and 3.68 to 74.76 Mn. Thus, typical distribution of studied metals in various organs of mussels was found. In fact, the digestive gland followed by gill revealed significantly high metal concentrations. However, gonad showed low heavy metal contents. Different patterns of heavy metal distribution in various organs of mussels were found at the three sampling sites. High levels of Cd, Pb, Ni, and Mn were detected in mussels of Sercouf, Algiers port, and Figuier sites, respectively. According to the Algerian and European norms, mussels collected from all sites were healthy except those of Algiers port sampled in autumn and winter seasons where lead contamination was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abderrahmani
- Laboratoire des Écosystèmes Marins et Littoraux (ECOSYSMarL), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences de la Mer et de l'Aménagement du Littoral (ENSSMAL), BP19, Campus Universitaire de Dely Ibrahim, Bois des Cars, 16320, Alger, Algeria.
- Centre National de Recherche et de Développement de la Pêche et d'Aquaculture (CNRDPA), 11 Bd Colonel Amirouche, PO Box 67, 42415, Bou-Ismaïl, Tipaza, Algeria.
| | - Mostefa Boulahdid
- Laboratoire des Écosystèmes Marins et Littoraux (ECOSYSMarL), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences de la Mer et de l'Aménagement du Littoral (ENSSMAL), BP19, Campus Universitaire de Dely Ibrahim, Bois des Cars, 16320, Alger, Algeria
| | - Naima Bendou
- Division Technologies et Développement (ex CRD) of SONATRACH, Avenue 1er novembre 1954, 35000, Boumerdès, Boumerdès, Algeria
| | - Amel Aissani
- Division Technologies et Développement (ex CRD) of SONATRACH, Avenue 1er novembre 1954, 35000, Boumerdès, Boumerdès, Algeria
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Campoy-Diaz AD, Escobar-Correas S, Canizo BV, Wuilloud RG, Vega IA. A freshwater symbiosis as sensitive bioindicator of cadmium. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:2580-2587. [PMID: 31832941 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The vulnerability of aquatic ecosystems due to the entry of cadmium (Cd) is a concern of public and environmental health. This work explores the ability of tissues and symbiotic corpuscles of Pomacea canaliculata to concentrate and depurate Cd. From hatching to adulthood (4 months), snails were cultured in reconstituted water, which was a saline solution in ASTM Type I water. Then, adult snails were exposed for 8 weeks (exposure phase) to Cd (5 μg/L) and then returned to reconstituted water for other 8 weeks (depuration phase). Cadmium concentration in the digestive gland, kidney, head/foot and viscera (remaining of the snail body), symbiotic corpuscles, and particulate excreta was determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. After exposure, the digestive gland showed the highest concentration of Cd (BCF = 5335). Symbiotic corpuscles bioaccumulated Cd at a concentration higher than that present in the water (BCF = 231 for C symbiotic corpuscles, BCF = 8 for K symbiotic corpuscles). No tissues or symbiotic corpuscles showed a significant change in the Cd levels at different time points of the depuration phase (weeks 8, 9, 10, 12, and 16). The symbiotic depuration through particulate excreta was faster between weeks 8 and 10, and then slower after on. Our findings show that epithelial cells of the digestive gland of P. canaliculata and their symbiotic C corpuscles are sensitive places for the bioindication of Cd in freshwater bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra D Campoy-Diaz
- IHEM - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Sophia Escobar-Correas
- IHEM - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Brenda V Canizo
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Padre J. Contreras 1300, (5500) Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo G Wuilloud
- Laboratorio de Química Analítica para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Padre J. Contreras 1300, (5500) Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Israel A Vega
- IHEM - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.
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Singh N, Bhagat J, Ingole BS. Genotoxicity of two heavy metal compounds: lead nitrate and cobalt chloride in Polychaete Perinereis cultrifera. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:308. [PMID: 28577271 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-5993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study explores the in vivo and in vitro genotoxic effects of lead nitrate, [Pb(NO3)2] a recognized environmental pollutant and cobalt chloride (CoCl2), an emerging environmental pollutant in polychaete Perinereis cultrifera using comet assay. Despite widespread occurrence and extensive industrial applications, no previous published reports on genotoxicity of these compounds are available in polychaete as detected by comet assay. Polychaetes were exposed in vivo to Pb(NO3)2 (0, 100, 500, and 1000 μg/l) and CoCl2 (0, 100, 300, and 500 μg/l) for 5 days. At 100 μg/l Pb(NO3)2 concentration, tail DNA (TDNA) values in coelomocytes were increase by 1.16, 1.43, and 1.55-fold after day 1, day 3, and day 5, whereas, OTM showed 1.12, 2.33, and 2.10-fold increase in in vivo. Pb(NO3)2 showed a concentration and time-dependent genotoxicity whereas CoCl2 showed a concentration-dependent genotoxicity in in vivo. A concentration-dependent increase in DNA damage was observed in in vitro studies for Pb(NO3)2 and CoCl2. DNA damage at 500 μg/L showed almost threefold increase in TDNA and approximately fourfold increase in OTM as compared to control in in vitro. Our studies suggest that Pb(NO3)2 and CoCl2 have potential to cause genotoxic damage, with Pb(NO3)2 being more genotoxic in polychaete and should be used more carefully in industrial and other activities. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Singh
- Biological Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Jacky Bhagat
- Biological Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
| | - Baban S Ingole
- Biological Oceanographic Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
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Marisa I, Matozzo V, Munari M, Binelli A, Parolini M, Martucci A, Franceschinis E, Brianese N, Marin MG. In vivo exposure of the marine clam Ruditapes philippinarum to zinc oxide nanoparticles: responses in gills, digestive gland and haemolymph. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:15275-93. [PMID: 27102620 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6690-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Potential nanoparticle (NP) toxicity poses a growing concern in marine coastal environments. Among NPs, zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) are widely used in many common products that ultimately become deposited in coastal habitats from multiple non-point sources. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo effects of nZnO in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Animals were exposed to nZnO (1 and 10 μg/L) and ZnCl2 (10 μg/L) for 7 days. ZnCl2 was used to compare the effects of the NPs to those of Zn(2+) and to ascertain whether nZnO toxicity is attributable to the release of ions into the aquatic medium. At differing time intervals during the exposure, several biochemical and cellular responses were evaluated in the clam gills, digestive gland, and haemolymph. The results showed that nZnO, at concentrations close to the predicted environmental levels, significantly affected various parameters in clam tissues. Significant increases in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities and a decreasing trend of glutathione S-transferase activity indicated the involvement of oxidative stress in nZnO toxicity. In clams exposed to ZnCl2, slight variations in antioxidant enzyme activities were detected with respect to nZnO-treated clams. However, no damage to lipids, proteins or DNA was revealed in all exposure conditions, suggesting a protection of antioxidant enzymes in the tissues. Of the various haemolymph parameters measured, haemocyte proliferation increased significantly, in ZnCl2-treated clams in particular. Under nZnO (10 μg/L) and ZnCl2 exposure, DNA damage in haemocytes was also revealed, but it was lower in clams exposed to ZnCl2. A decreasing trend in gill AChE activity of treated clams proposed a possible role of zinc ions in nZnO toxicity. However, the dissimilar modulation of the responses in the nZnO- and ZnCl2-exposed clams suggested different mechanisms of action, with nZnO toxicity possibly depending not only on the release of zinc ions but also on NP-specific features. Changes in the biological parameters measured in the clams were consistent with Zn accumulation in their gills and digestive glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Marisa
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Valerio Matozzo
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Munari
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Binelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Parolini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Martucci
- Industrial Engineering Department and INSTM, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 9, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Erica Franceschinis
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicola Brianese
- Institute for Energetics and Interphases (IENI), CNR, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127, Padua, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Marin
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, Italy.
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Vlahović MS, Mataruga VDP, Lazarević JM, Mrdaković MM, Matić DR, Todorović DD, Ilijin LA. Response of α-glucosidase in gypsy moth larvae to acute and chronic dietary cadmium. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2015; 50:285-292. [PMID: 25714460 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2015.999606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of acute and chronic treatments with cadmium at 10 μg Cd/g dry food and 30 μg Cd/g dry food on α-glucosidase activity of the 4th instar larvae of Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) as well as subsequent recovery. Enzyme inhibition was recorded during acute exposure to 30 μg Cd/g dry food and during chronic treatment at the lower metal concentration. After three days recovery from 10 μg Cd/g dry food, the α-glucosidase activity returned to the control level. One-way ANOVA showed that cadmium significantly influenced the activity of α-glucosidase during all treatments. The index of phenotypic plasticity was higher during chronic treatment at 10 μg Cd/g dry food than at 30 μg Cd/g as well as during the recovery. We detected four glucosidase isoforms by NATIVE PAGE. The activities and expressions of the isoforms depended on both larval genotype and cadmium treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena S Vlahović
- a Department of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković," University of Belgrade , Belgrade , Serbia
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Gago-Tinoco A, González-Domínguez R, García-Barrera T, Blasco-Moreno J, Bebianno MJ, Gómez-Ariza JL. Metabolic signatures associated with environmental pollution by metals in Doñana National Park using P. clarkii as bioindicator. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:13315-13323. [PMID: 24756666 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2741-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Bioindicators can reflect the effects of pollutants on their metabolism, being widely used to assess environmental stress. In this sense, the crab Procambarus clarkii has been previously proposed to monitor the contamination in Doñana National Park (southwest Spain) using conventional biomarkers. In this work, a metabolomic approach based on direct infusion mass spectrometry, which allows an easy and quick study of a large number of metabolites in a single run, was used for pollution assessment of this area, considering the biological response of this organism to contamination. In addition, metal accumulation in crab tissues was determined. Thus, the integrated analysis of metabolomic and metallomic data enabled the study of metabolic response of the organism against pollution. Several metabolites were discovered as potential biomarkers of pollution, such as decreased levels of carnosine, alanine, niacinamide, acetoacetate, pantothenic acid, ascorbate, glucose-6-phosphate, arginine, glucose, lactate, phospholipids, and tryglicerides, as well as elevated levels of acetyl carnitine, phosphocholine, choline, and uric acid. In this way, metal-induced toxicity could be related to metabolic impairments, principally oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction, and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Gago-Tinoco
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Campus de El Carmen, 21007, Huelva, Spain
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Dedeh A, Ciutat A, Tran D, Bourdineaud JP. DNA alterations triggered by environmentally relevant polymetallic concentrations in marine clams Ruditapes philippinarum and polychaete worms Hediste diversicolor. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2014; 67:651-658. [PMID: 24998356 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-014-0059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We exposed marine clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) and aquatic worms (Hediste diversicolor) to environmentally relevant concentrations of two metal mixtures each containing three divalent metals [(C₁ in µg/L) cadmium (Cd) 1, mercury (Hg) 0.1, and lead (Pb) 4] and [C₂ in µg/L) Cd 17, Hg 1.1, and Pb 55]. Animals collected in the Arcachon Bay were exposed for 8 days in microcosms made up of a mixed biotope consisting of a water column and natural marine sediment both taken up from the Arcachon Bay. Bioaccumulation analysis showed a significant increase of Cd, Hg, and Pb in clams, particularly at C₂ concentration in the water column reaching, in soft body, 2.3 ± 0.3 µg Cd/g, 0.7 ± 0.2 µg Hg/g, and 45 µg Pb/g dry weight (dw). DNA alterations and upregulation of the cox1 mitochondrial gene were also observed in clam gill after exposure to the metal blend. For worms exposed to the C₂ metal blend, DNA alterations and significant increase of Cd and Hg concentrations were observed reaching 0.5 ± 0.1 µg Cd/g and 2 ± 0.6 µg Hg/g dw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Dedeh
- CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, University of Bordeaux, Arcachon Marine Station, Place du Dr Peyneau, 33120, Arcachon, France,
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8
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Metabolic phenotyping of berries in different six grape (Vitis vinifera) cultivars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13765-014-4166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Demirdag R, Yerlikaya E, Kufrevioglu OI. Purification of carbonic anhydrase-II from sheep liver and inhibitory effects of some heavy metals on enzyme activity. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2011; 27:795-9. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2011.615744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Demirdag
- Ataturk University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry,
Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Emrah Yerlikaya
- Ataturk University, Science Faculty, Department of Chemistry,
Erzurum, Turkey
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Snyman RG, Reinecke AJ, Reinecke SA. Quantitative changes in digestive gland cells and oocytes of Helix aspersa, as biomarkers of copper oxychloride exposure under field conditions. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2009; 83:19-22. [PMID: 19434358 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-009-9721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of accumulated copper, on digestive epithelium height and percentage area, and on oocyte numbers of the snail Helix aspersa, in a vineyard where copper oxychloride is sprayed. The ultimate aim was to determine the usefulness of these cellular responses as biomarkers. Results showed that snails collected 2 months after fungicide application, had a significantly lower mean digestive epithelium height and percentage area, as well as significantly fewer oocytes per 1 mm(2) of ovotestis, compared to snails collected only 1 week after fungicide application and those from a control vineyard. It was concluded that these cellular responses are clear, measurable responses to copper oxychloride exposure and copper accumulation. However, they do not provide an early warning of copper exposure, which impacts on their usefulness as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R G Snyman
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Ahn IY, Ji JY, Choi HSJ, Pyo SH, Park H, Choi JW. Spatial Variations of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum from Some Selected Intertidal Flats of Korea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.4217/opr.2006.28.3.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Thibaut R, Schnell S, Porte C. The interference of pharmaceuticals with endogenous and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in carp liver: an in-vitro study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2006; 40:5154-60. [PMID: 16955921 DOI: 10.1021/es0607483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The interactions of fibrate (clofibrate, fenofibrate, bezafibrate, gemfibrozil), antiinflammatory (ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, ketoprofen), and anti-depressive (fluoxetine,fluvoxamine, paroxetine) drugs with CYP catalyzed pathways (CYP1A, CYP3A-, CYP2K-, and CYP2M-like) and Phase II activities (UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and sulfotransferases), involved in both xenobiotic and endogenous metabolism in fish, were investigated in-vitro by incubating carp liver subcellular fractions in the presence of the substrate and the selected drug. Anti-depressive drugs were strong inhibitors of CYP1A (92-94% inhibition), CYP3A-like (69-80% inhibition), and CYP2K-like (36-69% inhibition) catalyzed activities, while antiinflammatory drugs were potent CYP2M-like inhibitors (32-74% inhibition). Among the lipid regulators, gemfibrozil strongly inhibited CYP2M-catalyzed activity (91% inhibition) and other CYP isoforms (CYP1A and CYP3A-like). Additionally, glucuronidation of naphthol and testosterone were targeted by antiinflammatory drugs, and to a lesser extent, by fibrate drugs (48-78% inhibition). No significant alteration on sulfotransferase activities was observed, apart from a minor inhibitory effect of clofibrate, gemfibrozil, and fluoxetine on the sulfation of estradiol. Overall, gemfibrozil, diclofenac, and the three anti-depressive drugs appear to be the pharmaceuticals with the highest potential to interfere with fish metabolic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Thibaut
- Environment Chemistry Department, IIQAB-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Cravedi JP, Perdu-Durand E. The phthalate diesters DEHP and DBP do not induce lauric acid hydroxylase activity in rainbow trout. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2002; 54:787-791. [PMID: 12408651 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-1136(02)00196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms are extensively exposed to phthalate esters. We have investigated in trout the effects of diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) and dibutylphthalate (DBP) on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes which have been suggested as possible environmental biomarkers. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were waterborne exposed to DEHP (1 mg/l) or DBP (0.1 or 1 mg/l) for 72 h. Another group of rainbow trout received daily for 3 days an intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of DEHP or DBP. Laurate hydroxylation, ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylation, UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity and glutathione-S-transferase activity were measured in liver and extrahepatic tissues. The phthalate esters have been found not to induce these enzymes; in particular, the results do not support the previously described induction of lauric acid hydroxylase in sea bass treated with DEHP [Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B122 (1999) 253.].
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