1
|
Krkoska P, Kazda T, Vlazna D, Adamova B. Case report: radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy - a very late complication of radiotherapy for cervical cancer. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:475. [PMID: 36510189 PMCID: PMC9743098 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-03013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumbosacral plexopathy caused by radiotherapy is a rare but severe consequence of cancer treatment. This condition often leads to varying degrees of sensory and motor impairment. Neurological complications, which are typically permanent, manifest a long period after irradiation. CASE PRESENTATION We describe a case of progressive lower extremity weakness and sensory impairment in a woman who had been effectively treated with radiotherapy for cervical cancer with development 36 years after irradiation. The electrophysiological assessment revealed a subacute bilateral axonal lesion of the lumbosacral plexus. None of the clinical manifestations, serology, cerebrospinal fluid or imaging data discovered an explanation other than radiation-induced lumbosacral plexopathy (RILP). CONCLUSIONS This case demonstrates that RILP may emerge more than 30 years after the radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Krkoska
- grid.412554.30000 0004 0609 2751Department of Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Diseases (Associated National Center in the European Reference Network ERN EURO-NMD), University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Kazda
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.419466.8Department of Radiation Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Vlazna
- grid.412554.30000 0004 0609 2751Department of Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Diseases (Associated National Center in the European Reference Network ERN EURO-NMD), University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.412554.30000 0004 0609 2751Department of Rehabilitation, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Adamova
- grid.412554.30000 0004 0609 2751Department of Neurology, Center for Neuromuscular Diseases (Associated National Center in the European Reference Network ERN EURO-NMD), University Hospital Brno, Jihlavska 20, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dankulchai P, Harn-Utairasmee P, Prasartseree T, Nakkasae P, Trikhirhisthit K, Sithiwong W, Thephamongkhol K, Petsuksiri J, Apiwarodom N, Iampongpaiboon P, Chansilpa Y. Vaginal 11-point and volumetric dose related to late vaginal complications in patients with cervical cancer treated with external beam radiotherapy and image-guided adaptive brachytherapy. Radiother Oncol 2022; 174:77-86. [PMID: 35839936 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the vaginal 11-point and volumetric dose-toxicity relationships in definitive cervical cancer radiotherapy. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of patients with cervical cancer with a complete response of at least 12 months was performed. Additional per vaginal examinations and patient-scoring questionnaires on the date of patient enrolment were assessed for vaginal strictures. Retrospective dosimetric analysis of vaginal 11-point and volumetric doses was performed with descriptive and probit analyses to investigate dose-toxicity relationships. RESULTS Ninety-seven patients were included in the study, with a 20-month median follow-up. The incidence rate of grade 3 vaginal strictures was 22.7%. A comparison between patients with grade 1-3 vaginal strictures revealed significant differences in age, stage, initial tumour size, and vaginal involvement. PIBS + 2, PIBS, PIBS-2, D + 5, and D2cc were all significantly different among grade 1-3 vaginal strictures and showed significant probit coefficients. The lateral dose points were significantly higher in grade 2 strictures, but negative probit coefficients failed to establish causal inferences. Post-estimation analyses yielded effective doses (ED) for 15% and 20% probability of grade 3 vaginal strictures (ED15 and ED20) for PIBS + 2 at 57.4 and 111 Gy3, respectively. PIBS-2 yielded an ED20 of 7 Gy3. D + 5 yielded positive ED10, ED15, and ED20 values of 52.2, 66.6, and 78 Gy3, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study showed a significant relationship between age, tumour size, and lower-third vaginal involvement with the incidence of vaginal toxicity. The goal of a cumulative radiotherapy dose of ≤ 55 Gy3 to PIBS + 2, ≤5 Gy3 to PIBS-2, and ≤ 65 Gy3 to D + 5 points may reduce the risk of grade 3 vaginal stenosis to less than 15-20%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pittaya Dankulchai
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand.
| | | | - Tissana Prasartseree
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Pitchayut Nakkasae
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Kyrhatii Trikhirhisthit
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Sawanpracharak Hospital, Nakhon Sawan, Thailand
| | - Wiwatchai Sithiwong
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Kullathorn Thephamongkhol
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Janjira Petsuksiri
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Nantakan Apiwarodom
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Porntip Iampongpaiboon
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - Yaowalak Chansilpa
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pan B, Yin S, Peng F, Liu C, Liang H, Su J, Hsiao WLW, Cai Y, Luo D, Xia C. Vorinostat targets UBE2C to reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition and control cervical cancer growth through the ubiquitination pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174399. [PMID: 34331954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Vorinostat is a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) that was demonstrated in our previous study to inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. However, the molecular mechanism of vorinostat in cervical cancer treatment remains to be further elucidated. A nude mouse xenograft model was established to analyze the antitumor effect of vorinostat in vivo. The combination of iTRAQ-based proteomics and parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) technology has proven to be an efficient and reliable method to identify potential targets for cancer chemotherapy. In this study, 254 differentially expressed proteins in vorinostat-treated cervical cancer cells, among which 180 were upregulated and 74 were downregulated, were identified by using an iTRAQ-based proteomic strategy. Subsequent bioinformatic and PRM analysis of these differentially expressed proteins indicated that UBE2C is a promising target of vorinostat in the inhibition of cervical cancer cell proliferation. We confirmed that the expression of endogenous UBE2C in cervical cancer cell lines was significantly higher than that in normal cervical epithelial cell lines. Additionally, we found that vorinostat downregulated the expression of UBE2C, SQSTM1/p62, N-cadherin, vimentin and upregulated E-cadherin in SiHa and HeLa cells. Our results also showed that vorinostat can downregulate the expression of SQSTM1/p62, N-cadherin, and vimentin during the treatment of cervical cancer cells by regulating UBE2C, while upregulating the expression of E-cadherin. In conclusion, vorinostat reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting UBE2C and controls the proliferation of cervical cancer cells through the ubiquitination pathway. UBE2C can be used as a promising target for the development of vorinostat treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Botao Pan
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Shuanghong Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Huiyi Liang
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Jiyan Su
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - W L Wendy Hsiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science & Technology, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Yantao Cai
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China.
| | - Dixian Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital (Nanshan Hospital), Guangdong, 518000, China.
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zibako P, Hlongwa M, Tsikai N, Manyame S, Ginindza TG. Mapping evidence on management of cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: scoping review protocol. Syst Rev 2021; 10:180. [PMID: 34148552 PMCID: PMC8215748 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01740-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a non-communicable disease and is the number 2 leading cause of death globally. Among all cancers, cervical cancer is the number 1 killer of women in low-income countries (LICs). Cervical cancer is a well understood preventable cancer. The rates of cervical cancer are very varied and inversely proportional to the effectiveness of disease management policies. Management of cervical cancer includes prevention, screening, diagnosis and treatment. The main objective of this scoping review is to map the evidence on cervical cancer management in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to understand the coverage of cervical cancer prevention and treatment services and provide an opportunity to generate knowledge on the risk factors, attitudes and practices extendable globally. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This review will be guided by Arksey and O'Malley's framework recommended for conducting scoping review studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-Scr) checklist will also be completed to ensure that the review adheres to the sound methodological rigour acceptable for scoping review studies. The following electronic databases will be searched for potentially eligible articles: PubMed, Ebsco Host, Scopus and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Study screening procedures recommended by Higgins and Deeks will be followed. A narrative synthesis will be used, with data synthesised and interpreted using sifting, charting and sorting based on themes and key issues. DISCUSSION Cervical cancer can become a disease of the past with a proper control strategy in place. It is therefore imperative to map available evidence on the management of cervical cancer to inform policy and advocacy action. More knowledge on the status quo will guide policymakers in ensuring cancer management guiding policies are formulated/updated/revised accordingly. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Not registered with PROSPERO (not needed). PROTOCOL AND REGISTRATION This scoping review was not registered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petmore Zibako
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2nd Floor George Campbell Building, Howard College Campus, Durban, 4041 South Africa
| | - Mbuzeleni Hlongwa
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2nd Floor George Campbell Building, Howard College Campus, Durban, 4041 South Africa
| | - Nomsa Tsikai
- College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, MP167 Zimbabwe
| | - Sarah Manyame
- College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, MP167 Zimbabwe
| | - Themba G. Ginindza
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 2nd Floor George Campbell Building, Howard College Campus, Durban, 4041 South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pre-treatment with Bifidobacterium infantis and its specific antibodies enhance targeted radiosensitization in a murine model for lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 147:411-422. [PMID: 33130941 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The hypoxic microenvironments of solid tumours are complex and reduce the susceptibility of cancer cells to chemo- and radiotherapy. Conventional radiosensitisers have poor specificity, unsatisfactory therapeutic effects, and significant side effects. Anaerobic bacteria colonise and destroy hypoxic areas of the tumour and consequently enhance the effects of radiation. METHODS In this study, we treated a Lewis lung carcinoma transplant mouse model with Bifidobacterium infantis (Bi) combined with its specific monoclonal antibody (mAb) and radiotherapy (RT) to investigate its ability to radiosensitise the tumour. The tumour metabolism and hypoxia in the tumour tissue were monitored by micro-18F-FDG and 18F-FMISO PET/CT imaging. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect phosphorylated histone (γ-H2AX), proliferation (Ki-67), platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecules (CD31), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and glucose transporter 1 (Glut-1) levels. RESULTS Tumour growth was slowed and survival time was markedly prolonged in mice subjected to the combination of B. infantis, specific antibody, and radiotherapy. Levels of HIF-1α, Glut-1, Ki-67, and CD31 expression, as well as uptake of FDG and FMISO, were the lowest in the combination-treated mice. In contrast, γ-H2AX and TNF-α expression levels were elevated and hypoxia in tumour tissue was reduced compared with controls. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our data indicated that the curative effect of radiotherapy for lung cancer was enhanced by pre-treating mice with a combination of B. infantis and its specific monoclonal antibody.
Collapse
|
6
|
Xia C, He Z, Cai Y, Liang S. Vorinostat upregulates MICA via the PI3K/Akt pathway to enhance the ability of natural killer cells to kill tumor cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 875:173057. [PMID: 32135122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Vorinostat has good therapeutic efficacy against primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in the refractory stage. However, the molecular mechanism by which it inhibits solid tumors has not been clarified. To investigate the tumor inhibitory mechanism of vorinostat in cervical cancer, this study used Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, cell invasion and migration assays and the wound healing assay to evaluate the effects of vorinostat on cervical cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, and invasion. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunoblotting were used to detect gene and protein expression, respectively, of major histocompatibility class I-related chain A, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, phosphorylated PI3K p55 (Tyr199), and p-Akt (Ser473). The lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity assay was used to evaluate the ability of natural killer-92 cells to lyse cervical cancer cells. A xenograft nude mouse model was established to analyze the anti-tumor effect of vorinostat in vivo. Our results showed that vorinostat inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer cells. Vorinostat also induced apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in the S phase, inhibited PI3K (p110α), p-PI3K p55 (Tyr199), and p-Akt (Ser473) protein expression and upregulated MICA expression in vitro and in vivo, and promoted NK-92 cell-mediated cervical cancer cell lysis. The ability of vorinostat to upregulate MICA expression in cervical cancer cells was related to PI3K/Akt signaling. In brief, vorinostat upregulated MICA through the PI3K/Akt pathway and enhanced the sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to the NK cell-mediated cytolytic reaction. The results of this study demonstrate that vorinostat has anti-solid tumor effects on cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglai Xia
- The College of Pharmacy in Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China; Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China.
| | - Zhihong He
- The College of Pharmacy in Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Yantao Cai
- Department of Dermatology and Rheumatology, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, 528000, China
| | - Shaofen Liang
- The College of Pharmacy in Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, China; Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, South Medical University Affiliated Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Foshan, Foshan, 528000, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Yang Y, Liu R, Meng Y, Tian G, Cao Q. Downregulation of microRNA-425-5p suppresses cervical cancer tumorigenesis by targeting AIFM1. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:4032-4038. [PMID: 30988784 PMCID: PMC6447898 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although microRNA-425-5p (miR-425-5p) has been previously revealed to be upregulated in cervical cancer, the cellular function of miR-425-5p in cervical cancer remains unknown. The aim of the current study was to investigate the cellular function of miR-425-5p and its underlying mechanism in cervical cancer. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure miR-425-5p expression in several cervical cancer cell lines. TargetScan bioinformatics analysis was used to predict apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 1 (AIFM1) as a novel target of miR-425-5p, and this was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, cell transfections were used to investigate the role of miR-425-5p in cervical cancer. The effect of miR-425-5p on cell viability and apoptosis in HeLa cells was detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The present study demonstrated that miR-425-5p was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer cell lines. In addition, AIFM1 was identified as a direct target of miR-425-5p and negatively regulated by miR-425-5p. Downregulation of miR-425-5p inhibited HeLa cell viability and induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, downregulation of miR-425-5p significantly increased the protein and mRNA expression levels of cytochrome c, caspase-3, caspase-9 and DNA damage regulated autophagy modulator 1. The effects of miR-425-5p inhibition on HeLa cell viability and apoptosis were significantly reversed by AIFM1 knockdown. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that miR-425-5p was upregulated in cervical cancer, and downregulation of miR-425-5p inhibited cervical cancer cell growth by targeting AIFM1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiu Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Rongxia Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yucui Meng
- Department of Epidemiology, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Geng Tian
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Qinying Cao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xia C, He Z, Liang S, Chen R, Xu W, Yang J, Xiao G, Jiang S. Metformin combined with nelfinavir induces SIRT3/mROS-dependent autophagy in human cervical cancer cells and xenograft in nude mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 848:62-69. [PMID: 30695683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the antineoplastic properties of metformin combined with nelfinavir remain elusive. To explore this question, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the combinatorial effect of inducing autophagosome formation in human cervical cancer cells. Western blotting respectively assayed protein expression of LC3I, LC3II, Beclin-1, Autophagy-related protein 7 (Atg7), Autophagy-related protein 3 (Atg3), NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) and major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A (MICA). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay evaluated natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity in the presence of metformin and nelfinavir in combination or each drug alone. Using tumor xenografts in a nude mouse model, antitumor efficacy of the drug combination was assessed. We found that the drug combination could induce autophagosome formation in human cervical cancer cells. The biomarker proteins of autophagy, including Beclin-1, Atg7 and Atg3, decreased, but the ratios of LC3I/II increased. We also found that this drug combination sensitizes human cervical cancer cells to NK cell-mediated lysis by increasing the protein of SIRT3 and MICA. Moreover, this drug combination markedly induced autophagy of SiHa xenografts in nude mice. Therefore, it can be concluded that metformin, in combination with nelfinavir, can induce SIRT3/mROS-dependent autophagy and sensitize NK cell-mediated lysis in human cervical cancer cells and cervical cancer cell xenografts in nude mice. Thus, our findings have revealed the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of metformin in combination with nelfinavir in cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglai Xia
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Zhihong He
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; The College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Shaofen Liang
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China; The College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Ruihong Chen
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Weikang Xu
- Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Foshan Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Jie Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Guohong Xiao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, College of Basic Medical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gao Y, Tang X, Cao J, Rong R, Yu Z, Liu Y, Lu Y, Liu X, Han L, Liu J, Zhang J, Xu M, Liu F. The Effect of HER2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Cervical Cancer Susceptibility and Survival in a Chinese Population. J Cancer 2019; 10:378-387. [PMID: 30719131 PMCID: PMC6360301 DOI: 10.7150/jca.27976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer (CCa) is a multifactorial gynecologic disease worldwide. Effects of HER2 polymorphisms, especially those in exonic region, have been investigated in many gynecologic diseases. In this study, we evaluated the influence of functional HER2 polymorphisms on susceptibility and survival of CCa in a Chinese population. Methods: We genotyped the HER2 exonic polymorphisms by TaqMan in both case-control study (413 CCa patients vs. 396 controls) and survival study (413 CCa patients). Logistic regression and Cox regression were adopted to evaluate the genetic association with the risk and outcomes of CCa, respectively. Results: In the case-control study, there was no significant difference between patients and controls in either HER2 rs1136201 or rs1058808. However, when combined, these two polymorphisms demonstrated a significant hazardous effect for CCa (P = 0.012). Besides, number of variants was also influential (P trend =0.002). In survival analysis, dominant model of rs1136201 and co-dominant modelof rs1058808 were significantly associated with the survival (P = 0.037 and P =0.028). The combination of rs1136201 and rs1058808 also negatively impacted CCa survival (P = 0.009). Cox regression further revealed the significance of the polymorphism combination (β = 0.38, P = 0.025, HR= 1.47, 95%CI = 1.05-2.05). Functional assay of these polymorphisms demonstrated that rs1058808 G allele was associated with stronger expression of HER2 gene. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the combination of HER2 rs1136201and rs1058808 was significantly associated with the susceptibility of CCa. Besides, this combination of polymorphism s also substantially impacted the survival of CCa patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China.,School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiuwu Tang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jieqin Cao
- Department Gerontology, Liuhe Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Yangzhou University, Nanjing 211500, China
| | - Rong Rong
- DepartmentofPathology,theFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversity, Nanjing 210029,China
| | - Zhengmin Yu
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009,China.,Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009,China.,Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009,China.,Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiting Liu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009,China.,Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xia C, Liang S, He Z, Zhu X, Chen R, Chen J. Metformin, a first-line drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus, disrupts the MALAT1/miR-142-3p sponge to decrease invasion and migration in cervical cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 830:59-67. [PMID: 29704494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-neoplastic properties of metformin, a first-line drug for type 2 diabetes, remain elusive. To explore the novel anti-neoplastic mechanisms of metformin, the transwell chamber and wound-healing assays were used to evaluate its effects on the migration and invasion of human cervical cancer cells. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to measure the gene and protein expression, respectively, of microRNA (miRNA) miR-142-3p, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript-1 (MALAT1), and high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2). The dual-luciferase reporter assay system was used to examine the direct interaction between miR-142-3p and lncRNA MALAT1 and HMGA2. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the protein expression of HMGA2. In addition, tumor xenografts in a nude mouse model were developed to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of metformin. We found that metformin could suppress cervical cancer migration and invasion. During the process of tumor metastasis, miR-142-3p was significantly upregulated, whereas lncRNA MATAL1 and HMGA2 were suppressed by metformin. The binding site that allow the direct interaction between miR-142-3p and MALAT1 were located in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of lncRNA MATAL1 and HMGA2 at base pairs (bp) 4452-5255, while that between miR-142-3p and HMGA2 was located at bp 1562-2521 of HMGA2. Metformin markedly inhibited the growth and angiogenesis of SiHa xenografts in nude mice. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that metformin can prevent the MALAT1/miR-142-3p sponge from developing anti-neoplastic properties in human cervical cancer cells and cervical cancer cell xenografts in nude mice. Thus, our findings demonstrate the novel anti-tumor effects of metformin in cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglai Xia
- The College of Pharmacy in Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China; Foshan Maternal and Child Health Research Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Shaofen Liang
- The College of Pharmacy in Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Zhihong He
- The College of Pharmacy in Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhu
- The College of Pharmacy in Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Ruihong Chen
- The College of Pharmacy in Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Jinman Chen
- The College of Pharmacy in Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Luo C, Fan W, Jiang Y, Zhou S, Cheng W. Glucose-Related Protein 78 Expression and Its Effects on Cisplatin-Resistance in Cervical Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:2197-2209. [PMID: 29650944 PMCID: PMC5916091 DOI: 10.12659/msm.906413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background GRP78, the 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein, occupies a significant position in endoplasmic reticulum stress. Emerging evidences have shown that GRP78 induces chemoresistance in several tumors; however, the role of GRP78 in cervical cancer (CVC) still needs to be elucidated clearly. Material/Methods In the present study, we evaluated the expression levels of GRP78 in CVC tissues collected from patients through immunocytochemistry, western blot, and real-time PCR. To explore the exact role of GRP78 in CVC cells in the presence of cisplatin, we generated GRP78 knockdown CVC cells through small interfering RNA. After transfection, the apoptosis rate was assessed by flow cytometry. Then the expression levels of caspase-3, CHOP, and Bcl-2 in GRP78 knockdown cells were determined by western blot. Results The GRP78 levels in CVC tissues were increased significantly. Three types of CVC cells HeLa, SiHa, and C33A were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin and cultured for 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours respectively. And SiHa cells exhibited the highest resistance to cisplatin at all time. Specifically, after 25 μM cisplatin treatment, more than 80% of C33A cells underwent apoptosis, whereas the apoptotic rate of SiHa cells was only 30–40%. Data suggested that GRP78 silencing increased chemo-sensitivity and improved the effects of cisplatin-induced apoptosis in SiHa cells. Moreover, inhibition of GRP78 could upregulate caspase-3 and CHOP expression and downregulate Bcl-2 expression. Conclusions GRP78 may represent a key bio-marker of CVC and silencing GRP78 may strengthen the resistance against cisplatin. GRP78 may be a potential molecular target for CVC therapies in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Luo
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The first Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Wen Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The first Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Shulin Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The first Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Wenjun Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The first Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Evaluating the use of external beam radiation alone in the management of cervix cancer. JOURNAL OF RADIOTHERAPY IN PRACTICE 2018. [DOI: 10.1017/s1460396917000383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAimTo determine the outcome of patients with locally advanced cervix cancer treated with curative intent using external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), without brachytherapy.Materials and methodsA chart review was performed of all patients with cervix cancer who received EBRT alone at our centre from 2000 to 2010. Overall survival and local control were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier survival curves.ResultsIn total, 22 patients were identified. The median age and follow-up were 56 years and 65 months, respectively. The stage included IB to IVB. Main histology was squamous cell carcinoma (82%). Median tumour size was 5·5 cm. Majority treated with 3D conformal techniques and nine patients (41%) were treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT); 14 patients received doses of ≥65 Gy. Most patients (73%) received weekly concurrent cis-platinum. The major reason for not receiving brachytherapy was locally extensive tumour (59%). The 5-year relapse-free survival and overall survival rates were 57 and 50%, respectively. Seven patients (32%) had a component of loco-regional failure, mainly within the cervix. There was a better outcome among the nine patients treated with IMRT to a median dose of 66 Gy with a loco-regional control of 78%.ConclusionsPatients who cannot have brachytherapy may still achieve acceptable rates of loco-regional disease control if high radiation doses (>65 Gy) was delivered.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ma Y, Zhao G, Qi J, Sun P, Liu C, Qu P, Chan KKL. Neoadjuvant brachytherapy and chemotherapy followed by radical surgery for stage IB2 and IIA cervical cancer: A retrospective comparison with chemoirradiation. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 8:617-622. [PMID: 29556393 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the immediate and long-term results of preoperative brachytherapy and chemotherapy followed by radical surgery compared with those of standard chemoirradiation in patients with stage IB2-IIA cervical cancer. The medical records of 70 patients with stage IB2 and IIA cervical cancer who were treated between June 2006 and June 2010 were reviewed. The patients received either standard chemoirradiation (CRT) treatment (n=20) or neoadjuvant brachytherapy with one cycle of chemotherapy followed by radical hysterectomy [operation (OT) group; n=50]. Further adjuvant chemoirradiation was administered to patients with high-risk disease. Early and late complications as well as survival were compared between the two groups. No serious operative complications occurred in the OT group. In the CRT group, the incidence of symptomatic vaginal stenosis, as well as that of proctitis and cystitis, was higher compared with that in the OT group (35 vs. 4% and 20 vs. 2%, repectively). The median follow-up period was 52 months (range, 11-84 months). In the CRT group, the 3-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 95% [95% confidence interval (CI): 76.14-86.46] and 90% (95% CI: 59.94-73.66), respectively, whereas in the OT group, the respective rates were 90% (95% CI: 72.93-83.07) and 90% (95% CI: 71.84-82.96). In conclusion, the survival of patients with stage IB2-IIA cervical cancer treated with preoperative brachytherapy and chemotherapy followed by radical surgery was similar to that of patients treated with chemoirradiation, but with a more favorable side effect profile. Thus, this tri-modal treatment option requires further evaluation in prospective randomized studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaomei Ma
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai, Tianjin 300241, P.R. China
| | - Guiling Zhao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai, Tianjin 300241, P.R. China
| | - Ji Qi
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai, Tianjin 300241, P.R. China
| | - Peisong Sun
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai, Tianjin 300241, P.R. China
| | - Caiyan Liu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai, Tianjin 300241, P.R. China
| | - Pengpeng Qu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nankai, Tianjin 300241, P.R. China
| | - Karen K L Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR 999077, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
MiR-195 Suppresses Cervical Cancer Migration and Invasion Through Targeting Smad3. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2017; 26:817-24. [PMID: 27206216 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in cervical cancer development and progression. The purposes of this study were to investigate the role of miR-195 in cervical cancer and clarify the regulation of Smad3 by miR-195. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine miR-195 expression in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. The clinicopathological significance of miR-195 down-regulation was further analyzed. Transwell migration and invasion assays were performed. A luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the target gene of miR-195, and the results were validated in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines. RESULTS MiR-195 was significantly decreased in clinical tissues and cervical cancer cell lines. The low miR-195 level was significantly correlated with higher International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, node metastasis, and deep stromal invasion. Up-regulation of miR-195 suppressed cell migration and invasion in vitro. Smad3 was verified as a direct target of miR-195, which was further confirmed by the inverse expression of miR-195 and Smad3 in patients' specimens. CONCLUSIONS The newly identified miR-195/Smad3 pathway provides an insight into cervical cancer metastasis and may represent a novel therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen G, Huang P, Xie J, Li R. microRNA‑211 suppresses the growth and metastasis of cervical cancer by directly targeting ZEB1. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1275-1282. [PMID: 29115509 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Of gynecological cancers, cervical cancer has the second highest incidence globally and is a major cause of cancer‑associated mortality in women. An increasing number of studies have reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in cervical cancer carcinogenesis and progression through regulation of various critical protein‑coding genes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and biological roles of miRNA‑211 (miR‑211) in cervical cancer and its underlying molecular mechanism. The results of reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) demonstrated that the expression levels of miR‑211 in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines were significantly lower compared with adjacent normal tissues and the normal human cervix epithelial cell line, respectively. Furthermore, upregulation of miR‑211 by transfection with miR‑211 mimics inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer, as determined by MTT, Transwell and Matrigel assays, respectively. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay results indicated that zinc finger E‑box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) may be a direct target gene of miR‑211. In addition, RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis results demonstrated that miR‑211 overexpression markedly reduced ZEB1 expression at mRNA and protein levels in cervical cancer. Furthermore, the effects of ZEB1 downregulation on the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells were similar to those induced by miR‑211 overexpression. These results indicate that miR‑211 may act as a tumor suppressor in cervical cancer by directly targeting ZEB1. Therefore, miR‑211/ZEB1‑based targeted therapy may represent a potential novel treatment for patients with cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangyuan Chen
- Department of Gynaecology, Songgang People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518105, P.R. China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Gynaecology, Songgang People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518105, P.R. China
| | - Jiabin Xie
- Department of Gynaecology, Songgang People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518105, P.R. China
| | - Rihong Li
- Department of Gynaecology, Songgang People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518105, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li X, Zhou Q, Tao L, Yu C. MicroRNA-106a promotes cell migration and invasion by targeting tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 in cervical cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1774-1782. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
17
|
Hass P, Eggemann H, Costa SD, Ignatov A. Adjuvant hysterectomy after radiochemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. Strahlenther Onkol 2017; 193:1048-1055. [PMID: 28660291 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-017-1174-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND External beam radiation therapy (EBRT) with concomitant chemotherapy (cCT) (=RCT) plus intracavitary (±interstitial) brachytherapy (iBT) is standard of care for advanced cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate morbidity and survival outcome of simple adjuvant hysterectomy (AH) after EBRT/cCT and to compare it with the standard treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with FIGO stage III cervical cancer were treated with EBRT/cCT and then divided in two groups: group 1 was further treated with standard intracavitary/interstitial BT, while group 2 underwent AH. RESULTS From 881 women with cervical cancer, 248 were eligible for analysis: 161 received iBT and 87 underwent AH. The median follow-up of the study was 53 months. Clinical and pathological characteristics were well balanced in the two groups. After EBRT/cCT, complete clinical response was observed in 121 (48.8%) of 246 patients. Clinical complete response was observed in 81 (50.3%) of 161 patients in group 1. At 6 weeks after EBRT/cCT, 40 (46.0%) of 87 patients in the surgery group had pathological complete response. Intra- and postoperative complications were observed in 10 (11.5%) of 87 cases. The rates of locoregional recurrence and metastasis were similar in both groups. Progression-free (PFS) and disease-specific overall survival (DOS) for these patients were similar between the control and surgery group. Interestingly, PFS and DOS were significantly improved by AH for the patients with residual tumor. CONCLUSION AH could improve survival in patients with residual disease after RCT and is characterized by a low complication rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hass
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Holm Eggemann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Otto-von-Guericke University, G.-Hauptmann Str. 35, 39108, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Serban Dan Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Otto-von-Guericke University, G.-Hauptmann Str. 35, 39108, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Atanas Ignatov
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Otto-von-Guericke University, G.-Hauptmann Str. 35, 39108, Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zou D, Zhou Q, Wang D, Guan L, Yuan L, Li S. The Downregulation of MicroRNA-10b and its Role in Cervical Cancer. Oncol Res 2017; 24:99-108. [PMID: 27296950 PMCID: PMC7838698 DOI: 10.3727/096504016x14611963142173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in a variety of cancers. Our previous work suggested that miR-10a/b functioned as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer, and miR-10b was also reported to be significantly downregulated in advanced stage cervical cancer tissues. However, the aberrant expression of miR-10b in cervical cancer and its possible role in cervical carcinogenesis was largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the expression of miR-10b in cervical cancer tissues, carcinoma in situ tissues, mild dysplasia, moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia tissues, and normal controls. We found that miR-10b was significantly downregulated during cervical cancer progression, and the lower level of miR-10b in cervical cancer was significantly associated with a more aggressive tumor phenotype. Moreover, overexpression of miR-10b in cervical cancer cells could inhibit the cell proliferation and invasion, and the further mechanism study suggested that its role was possibly through directly targeting HOXA1. These results suggested that the downregulation of miR-10b and the resulting elevated HOXA1 level in cervical cancer tissues might play critical roles in cervical cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongling Zou
- Department of Radiological Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wasim L, Chopra M. Panobinostat induces apoptosis via production of reactive oxygen species and synergizes with topoisomerase inhibitors in cervical cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1393-1405. [PMID: 27802904 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth major cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide and is the most common cancer in developing countries. Therefore, a search for novel treatment modalities is warranted. The present study is designed to investigate the effect of pan histone deacetylase inhibitor, 'panobinostat', on cervical cancer cells alone and in combination with topoisomerase inhibitors. We assessed the effect of panobinostat on two cervical cancer cell lines, HeLa and SiHa, for cell viability, apoptosis, oxidative stress and mitochondrial function using various assays. The results indicate that panobinostat reduces the viability of cervical cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner; it arrests HeLa cells in G0/G1 and SiHa cells in G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Panobinostat induced apoptosis through an increase in the ROS production and the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. Concomitantly the expression of anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-xL was reduced, while levels of CDK inhibitor p21 and caspase-9 were increased. Panobinostat increased the acetylation of histone H3 indicating HDAC inhibition. In addition, panobinostat also showed synergistic effect with topoisomerase inhibitors mediated by increased activation of caspase-3/7 activity compared to that in cells treated with panobinostat alone. These results suggest a combination therapy using inhibitors of histone deacetylase and topoisomerase together could hold the promise for an effective targeted therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Wasim
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Anticancer Drug Development, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| | - Madhu Chopra
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Anticancer Drug Development, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang W, Hou T, Niu C, Song L, Zhang Y. B3GNT3 Expression Is a Novel Marker Correlated with Pelvic Lymph Node Metastasis and Poor Clinical Outcome in Early-Stage Cervical Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144360. [PMID: 26709519 PMCID: PMC4692472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-3 gene (B3GNT3) encodes a member of the B3GNT family that functions as the backbone structure of dimeric sialyl-Lewis A and is involved in L-selectin ligand biosynthesis, lymphocyte homing and lymphocyte trafficking. B3GNT3 has been implicated as an important element in the development of certain cancers. However, the characteristics of B3GNT3 in the development and progression of cancer remain largely unknown. Thus, our study aimed to investigate the expression pattern and the prognostic value of B3GNT3 in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. METHODS The mRNA and protein levels of B3GNT3 expression were examined in eight cervical cancer cell lines and ten paired cervical cancer tumors, using real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to analyze B3GNT3 protein expression in paraffin-embedded tissues from 196 early-stage cervical cancer patients. Statistical analyses were applied to evaluate the association between B3GNT3 expression scores and clinical parameters, as well as patient survival. RESULTS B3GNT3 expression was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer cell lines and lesions compared with normal cells and adjacent noncancerous cervical tissues. In the 196 cases of tested early-stage cervical cancer samples, the B3GNT3 protein level was positively correlated with high risk TYPES of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (P = 0.026), FIGO stage (P < 0.001), tumor size (P = 0.025), tumor recurrence (P = 0.004), vital status (P < 0.001), concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy (P = 0.016), lymphovascular space involvement (P = 0.003) and most importantly, lymph node metastasis (P = 0.003). Patients with high B3GNT3 expression had a shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) compared with those with low expression of this protein. Multivariate analysis suggested that B3GNT3 expression is an independent prognostic indicator for cervical cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that elevated B3GNT3 expression is associated with pelvic lymph node metastasis and poor outcome in early-stage cervical cancer patients. B3GNT3 may be a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for the treatment of cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Teng Hou
- Department of Urology, Wuhan Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhao Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Libing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (LS)
| | - Yanna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (LS)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lin MT, Lin CL, Lin TY, Cheng CW, Yang SF, Lin CL, Wu CC, Hsieh YH, Tsai JP. Synergistic effect of fisetin combined with sorafenib in human cervical cancer HeLa cells through activation of death receptor-5 mediated caspase-8/caspase-3 and the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6987-96. [PMID: 26662956 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining antitumor agents with bioactive compounds is a potential strategy for improving the effect of chemotherapy on cancer cells. The goal of this study was to elucidate the antitumor effect of the flavonoid, fisetin, combined with the multikinase inhibitor, sorafenib, against human cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The combination of fisetin and sorafenib synergistically induced apoptosis in HeLa cells, which is accompanied by a marked increase in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Apoptosis induction was achieved by caspase-3 and caspase-8 activation which increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and caused the subsequent cleavage of PARP level while disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential in HeLa cells. Decreased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio level and mitochondrial membrane potential were also observed in siDR5-treated HeLa cells. In addition, in vivo studies revealed that the combined fisetin and sorafenib treatment was clearly superior to sorafenib treatment alone using a HeLa xenograft model. Our study showed that the combination of fisetin and sorafenib exerted better synergistic effects in vitro and in vivo than either agent used alone against human cervical cancer, and this synergism was based on apoptotic potential through a mitochondrial- and DR5-dependent caspase-8/caspase-3 signaling pathway. This combined fisetin and sorafenib treatment represents a novel therapeutic strategy for further clinical developments in advanced cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Te Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Lugang Town, Changhua County, Taiwan.,Liberal Arts Center, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Biological Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Chun-Wen Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Liang Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Wu
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsien Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Pi Tsai
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Deng B, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Wen F, Miao Y, Guo K. MicroRNA-142-3p inhibits cell proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells by targeting FZD7. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:8065-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
|
23
|
Abstract
It is not always possible to replace a ureteric stent with a new one due to the fact that tumoral effect increases in ureter with time. We present our experience of manual replacement of double J stent without fluoroscopy. The data from 23 female patients who underwent double J stent replacement with a total of 110 times was retrospectively analyzed. The steps of technique are as follows: take out distal end of the double J stent through urethra to external urethral meatus cystoscopically, insert a 0.035-inch guide wire through double J stent to the renal pelvis or intra pelvicaliceal system, take out old double J stent over guide wire, slide new stent over guide wire and at external meatus level take out guide wire while gently sliding distal end of double J stent over guide wire into urethra. The mean age was 58.39 ± 9.21 years. Cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer were diagnosed in 16, 4, and 3 patients respectively. The mean follow-up and indwelling period were 13.8 ± 5.2, 3.8 ± 0.6 months, respectively. Increased pelvicaliceal dilatation, serum creatinine level, or renal parenchymal loss was not observed. Replacement of double J stents with this technique is easy and can be used successfully in distal ureteral obstructions.
Collapse
|
24
|
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery as an alternative treatment to concurrent chemoradiotherapy for young premenopausal patients with FIGO stage IIB squamous cervical carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4349-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|
25
|
Manzo-Merino J, Contreras-Paredes A, Vázquez-Ulloa E, Rocha-Zavaleta L, Fuentes-Gonzalez AM, Lizano M. The Role of Signaling Pathways in Cervical Cancer and Molecular Therapeutic Targets. Arch Med Res 2014; 45:525-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
26
|
Hashemi FA, Akbari EH, Kalaghchi B, Esmati E. Concurrent chemoradiation with weekly gemcitabine and cisplatin for locally advanced cervical cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:5385-9. [PMID: 24175831 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.9.5385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For more than 80 years, the standard treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer was radiotherapy. However, based on several phase III randomized clinical trials in the past decade, concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiotherapy is the current standard for this disease. Gemcitabine has potent radiosensitizing properties in preclinical and clinical trials, so it can be utilized simultaneously with radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty women with untreated invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix of stage IIB to stage IVA were enrolled in the study in the Radiation Oncology Department of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran from September 2009 to September 2010. Sixty mg/m2 gemcitabine followed by 35 mg/m(2) cisplatin were concurrently administered with radiotherapy to the whole pelvic region on day one of each treatment week for five weeks. One and three months after treatment, patients underwent a complete physical examination and MRI to determine the response to treatment. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 58.1 ± 11.8 (29-78) years. After 3 months of treatment, 73.3%had complete and 26.7% demonstrated partial response to treatment. Grade 3 anemia was seen in 10%, grade 3 thrombocytopenia in 3.3% and grade 3 leukopenia in 10% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS According to the positive results of this study in stage IIB, further phase II and III clinical trials are suggested to evaluate the role of chemoradiation using Gemcitabine for advanced cervical cancers.
Collapse
|
27
|
Hou Y, Yin M, Sun F, Zhang T, Zhou X, Li H, Zheng J, Chen X, Li C, Ning X, Lou G, Li K. A metabolomics approach for predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 10:2126-33. [PMID: 24865370 DOI: 10.1039/c4mb00054d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a clinical and pathological heterogeneity disease, which requires different types of treatments and leads to a variety of outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- Harbin Medical University
- Harbin 150081, China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Department of Gynecology Oncology
- The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin 150086, China
| | - Fengyu Sun
- Department of Cardiology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- Public Health School
- Shandong University
- Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics
- University of Washington
- Seattle, USA
| | - Huiyan Li
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology
- The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin, China
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology
- The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin, China
| | - Xiuwei Chen
- Department of Gynecology Oncology
- The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin 150086, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Pathology
- The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Ning
- Department of Pathology
- The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin, China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology Oncology
- The Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University
- Harbin 150086, China
| | - Kang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- Harbin Medical University
- Harbin 150081, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sarraf Z, Hamedi B, Hooshmand S, Mosalaie A, Robati M, Momtahan M, Farhadi P. The Effect of Extrafascial Hysterectomy After Completion of External Beam Radiotherapy for Treatment of Locally Advanced Stages (IIB-III) of Cervical Cancer. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2013; 15:e10758. [PMID: 24693381 PMCID: PMC3955496 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.10758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Worldwide, cervical cancer is one of the most challenging gynecologic cancers in treatment. Objectives: This study was designed with the aim of comparing patients treated with External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT) and Interactivity Brachytherapy (ICBT) with EBRT and extrafascial hysterectomy in locally advanced stages of cervical cancer (IIB-III). Patients and Methods: The present study was designed as a case-control which was performed on the patients with cervical cancer in locally advanced stages (IIB-III) admitted to Namazi and Faghihi hospitals (university hospitals in Shiraz) between 2008-2011. 51 patients were included in two distinct groups: 25 patients were treated with EBRT and Interactivity Brachytherapy (group A). 26 patients were treated with EBRT and extrafascial hysterectomy group B. Results: In group A, the number of patients with FIGO stage IIb and III were 16 and 9, respectively, and 17 and 9 in group B. The median duration of follow-up was 24 months. There were no significant differences between two groups in metastasis and recurrence rate (P > 0.05). 5-years overall survival rate was 54.8% [95% CI: 39-70.9] in group A and in group B was 50.9% [95% CI: 41.5-60] and The LOG-rank test which controls the effect of treatment modalities on overall survival rate, did not show any significant difference between two groups (P = 0.407). Conclusion: The results of our study showed that the trend of treatment using EBRT along with intracavity brachytherapy may have the same outcome as the method of using EBRT and extrafascial hysterectomy. Overall, it seems that external beam radiation followed by extrafascial hysterectomy could be a proper substitute for brachytherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sarraf
- Gynecologic Oncology Ward, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Bahareh Hamedi
- Gynecologic Oncology Ward, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Bahareh Hamedi, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department Office, Shahid Faghihi Hospital, Zand Avenue, Shiraz, IR Iran, Tel: +98-7112332365, Fax: +98-7112332365, E-mail:
| | - Soodabeh Hooshmand
- Gynecologic Oncology Ward, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Ahmad Mosalaie
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Minoo Robati
- Gynecologic Oncology Ward, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Mozhdeh Momtahan
- Gynecologic Oncology Ward, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Pouya Farhadi
- Trauma Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Conesa-Zamora P, Torres-Moreno D, Isaac MA, Pérez-Guillermo M. Gene amplification and immunohistochemical expression of ERBB2 and EGFR in cervical carcinogenesis. Correlation with cell-cycle markers and HPV presence. Exp Mol Pathol 2013; 95:151-5. [PMID: 23827764 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the members of the epidermal growth factor receptor family ERBB2 and EGFR are important therapeutic targets in the treatment of malignant neoplasias, little is known about their role in cervical carcinogenesis. Our objective was to evaluate the dysfunction of ERBB2 and EGFR at the gene copy number and protein expression level in neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix with the aim of obtaining information about its role in cervical carcinogenesis and their possible use as therapeutic targets in these diseases. We studied gene amplification and protein expression of ERBB2 and EGFR and their relationship with Ki67, p16 and p53 and HPV presence in 22 normal/benign (N/B) cervices, 20 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs), 70 high-grade SILs (HSILs) and 32 invasive squamous cervical carcinomas (ISCCs). No cases showed selective amplification of ERBB2 or EGFR but corresponding chromosome-specific probes displayed chromosome 17 and 7 polyploidy associated with the grade of the lesion (p<0.0001 and p=0.004, respectively) and with the positive expression of Ki67 and p16 (p<0.01). Concurrent polyploidy for both chromosomes was statistically related (p<0.0001). ERBB2 immunohistochemical expression was not observed in any of the study cases except for one ISCC but EGFR was associated with higher-grade lesions (N/B plus LSIL 21.4% vs. HSIL plus ISCC 45.5%; p=0.007). No association was observed between EGFR expression and that of cell-cycle markers or HPV presence. Increased copy number of EGFR and ERBB2 is due to polyploidy of 7 and 17 chromosomes, this being a phenomenon associated with lesion severity and with an increase in the expression of cell-cycle markers. EGFR, but not ERBB2, is expressed in precursor lesions of squamous cervical neoplasia and is related to the neoplastic progression but not to proliferation marker expression and therefore ERBB2 and this calls into question the usefulness of ERBB2 as a therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Conesa-Zamora
- Molecular Pathology and Pharmacogenetic Group, Santa Lucía General University Hospital (HUGSL), 30202 Cartagena, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abu-Asi MJ, Andreyev HJN. The utility of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to treat recurrent acute bowel obstruction after previous pelvic radiotherapy: a case series. Support Care Cancer 2013; 21:1797-800. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-013-1811-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
31
|
FRANKEN NICOLAASA, OEI ARLENEL, KOK HPETRA, RODERMOND HANSM, SMINIA PETER, CREZEE JOHANNES, STALPERS LUKASJ, BARENDSEN GERRITW. Cell survival and radiosensitisation: Modulation of the linear and quadratic parameters of the LQ model. Int J Oncol 2013; 42:1501-15. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
32
|
Singh U, Ahirwar N, Rani AK, Singh N, Sankhwar P, Qureshi S. The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treatment of locally advanced carcinoma cervix. J Obstet Gynaecol India 2013; 63:273-8. [PMID: 24431655 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-012-0342-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A prospective cohort study in a teaching hospital to assess the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of locally advanced carcinoma cervix. METHOD Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the form of cisplatin 75 mg/m(2) and paclitaxel 135 mg/m(2) on day 1 and repeated at 14 days' interval for up to a maximum of three courses. RESULTS Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer was effective in the downstaging of the disease. Downstaging was observed in 19.23 % of patients after two cycles and in 50 % of patients after three cycle of NACT. Operability increases to 33.3 and 38.4 % after two and three cycles of NACT, respectively. Complete pathological response was observed in 37.5 % of patients after NACT. No significant adverse effect in the feasibility of surgery was observed. CONCLUSION The present study showed that neoadjuvant chemotherapy was an effective and well-tolerated mode of therapy with significantly less morbidity and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uma Singh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 UP India
| | - Neetu Ahirwar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 UP India
| | - Anju Kumari Rani
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 UP India ; Type IV/83, SGPGIMS, Raibareily Road, Lucknow, 226014 UP India
| | - Nisha Singh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 UP India
| | - Pushplata Sankhwar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 UP India
| | - Sabuhi Qureshi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, CSM Medical University, Lucknow, 226003 UP India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lang EK, Winer AG, Abbey-Mensah G, Anne R, Allaei A, Friedman F, Thomas R, La Nasa J, Davis R. Long-term results of metallic stents for malignant ureteral obstruction in advanced cervical carcinoma. J Endourol 2013. [PMID: 23199302 DOI: 10.1089/end.2012.0552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We present our experience with the use of metallic stents (Wallstents®) in the management of malignant ureteral obstruction to maintain renal function, thereby permitting the use of chemotherapeutic agents to treat the underlying malignancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of 24 patients with ureteral obstruction secondary to advanced cervical carcinoma, stage T3b (n=10) and T4 (n=14), that was relieved by Wallstents. Nineteen patients needed bilateral and 5 needed unilateral Wallstents to relieve the obstruction. Fifty-six additional endourologic interventions were necessary to assure continued patency. Holmium laser ablation was used 14 times to manage tumor proliferation and ingrowth at the distal end of the stent. Thirty-two endostents, 4 extension, and 6 replacement stents were used to maintain patency of the ureter. RESULTS Nineteen of our 24 patients received between one and five chemotherapeutic cycles over 18 to 140 months. In five patients, placement of Wallstents did not achieve adequate decrease of the creatinine levels to allow treatment with chemotherapy. Thirteen of 24 Wallstents remained patent over 18 months, yielding a primary patency rate of 54%. Technical success rate of Wallstent placement was 100%. The overall mean primary and secondary patency rates of the stent were 16.5 and 52 months, respectively. For T3b and T4 patients, the mean primary patency rates were 20.6 and 13.6 months, respectively. Secondary patency for T3b patients was 73.9 months vs 36.4 months for T4 patients. There were no serious complications associated with Wallstent placement. CONCLUSION Wallstents offer a salutary solution to the problem of maintaining prolonged patency of ureters compromised by encasing neoplasms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erich K Lang
- Departments of Urology and Radiology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Bindra RS, Yahalom J. The important role of radiation therapy in early-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: time to review the evidence once again. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2012; 11:1367-78. [PMID: 21929311 DOI: 10.1586/era.11.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in the USA, and approximately one-third of patients present with early stage, localized disease. While significant controversy still exists regarding the appropriate management of these patients, the overwhelming evidence from a wide range of studies over the last 40 years points to the superior efficacy of combined-modality therapy for this disease. The current standard of care for the vast majority of early-stage DLBCL cases now involves a combination of chemotherapy, immunotherapy and consolidation radiotherapy. Using this multimodality approach, very high rates of local control can be achieved, which will translate into significant survival benefits for patients with localized disease. The use of intensive immunochemotherapy without radiation therapy requires formal testing and validation in a randomized clinical trial before it can be used as an alternative treatment regimen for early-stage DLBCL. In this article, we discuss the results of the key randomized trials, critical retrospective studies and recent clinical trials, which collectively address the important role of radiotherapy in the treatment of early-stage DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit S Bindra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10022, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yin M, Zhang H, Li H, Li X, Liu Y, Chen X, Lou G, Li K. The toxicity and long-term efficacy of nedaplatin and paclitaxel treatment as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. J Surg Oncol 2011; 105:206-11. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.22052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
36
|
Zheng M, Huang L, He L, Ding H, Wang HY, Zheng LM. Evaluation of the effects of type II radical hysterectomy in the treatment of 960 patients with stage IB-IIB cervical carcinoma: A retrospective study. J Surg Oncol 2010; 103:435-41. [DOI: 10.1002/jso.21800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
37
|
Gonçalves CV, Duarte G, Costa JSDD, Marcolin AC, Bianchi MS, Dias D, Lima LCDVE. Diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer during pregnancy. SAO PAULO MED J 2009; 127:359-65. [PMID: 20512291 DOI: 10.1590/s1516-31802009000600008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 12/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE One third of all cervical carcinomas occur during the reproductive period. Cervical carcinoma is the second greatest cause of death due to cancer during this phase. The estimated frequency of cervical cancer during pregnancy is one case for every 1,000 to 5,000 pregnancies. The aim here was to provide information about the difficulties in diagnosing and managing cervical neoplasia during pregnancy. MATERIALS A systematic review of the literature was undertaken through the PubMed, Cochrane, Excerpta Medica (Embase), Literatura Latino Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) databases, using the following words: pregnancy, cervical cancer, diagnosis and management. RESULTS There was a consensus in the literature regarding diagnosis of cervical carcinoma and management of preneoplastic lesions during pregnancy. However, for management of invasive carcinoma, there was great divergence regarding the gestational age taken as the limit for observation rather than immediate treatment. CONCLUSION All patients with cytological abnormalities should undergo colposcopy, which will indicate and guide biopsy. Conization is reserved for patients with suspected invasion. High-grade lesions should be monitored during pregnancy and reevaluated after delivery. In cases of invasive carcinoma detected up to the 12th week of pregnancy, patient treatment is prioritized. Regarding diagnoses made during the second trimester, fetal pulmonary maturity can be awaited, and the use of chemotherapy to stabilize the disease until the time of delivery appears to be viable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Vitola Gonçalves
- Mother-Child Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cetina L, Garcia-Arias A, Candelaria M, Cantú D, Rivera L, Coronel J, Bazan-Perkins B, Flores V, Gonzalez A, Dueñas-González A. Brachytherapy versus radical hysterectomy after external beam chemoradiation: a non-randomized matched comparison in IB2-IIB cervical cancer patients. World J Surg Oncol 2009; 7:19. [PMID: 19220882 PMCID: PMC2649933 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-7-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A current paradigm in the treatment of cervical cancer with radiation therapy is that intracavitary brachytherapy is an essential component of radical treatment. This is a matched retrospective comparison of the results of treatment in patients treated with external beam chemoradiation (EBRT-CT) and radical hysterectomy versus those treated with identical chemoradiation followed by brachytherapy. Methods In this non-randomized comparison EBRT-CT protocol was the same in both groups of 40 patients. In the standard treated patients, EBRT-CT was followed by one or two intracavitary Cesium (low-dose rate) applications within 2 weeks of finishing external radiation to reach a point A dose of at least 85 Gy. In the surgically treated patients, radical hysterectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection and para-aortic lymph node sampling were performed within 7 weeks after EBRT-CT. Response, toxicity and survival were evaluated. Results A total of 80 patients were analyzed. The patients receiving EBRT-CT and surgery were matched with the standard treated cases. There were no differences in the clinicopathological characteristics between groups or in the delivery of EBRT-CT. The pattern of acute and late toxicity differed. Standard treated patients had more chronic proctitis while the surgically treated had acute complications of surgery and hydronephrosis. At a maximum follow-up of 60 months, median follow-up 26 (2–31) and 22 (3–27) months for the surgery and standard therapy respectively, eight patients per group have recurred and died. The progression free and overall survival are the same in both groups. Conclusion The results of this study suggest that radical hysterectomy can be used after EBRT-CT without compromising survival in FIGO stage IB2-IIB cervical cancer patients in settings were brachytherapy is not available. A randomized study is needed to uncover the value of surgery after EBRT-CT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucely Cetina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México/INCan, Mexico City, México.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Clarke RE, Tenorio LMC, Hussey JR, Toklu AS, Cone DL, Hinojosa JG, Desai SP, Dominguez Parra L, Rodrigues SD, Long RJ, Walker MB. Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment of Chronic Refractory Radiation Proctitis: A Randomized and Controlled Double-Blind Crossover Trial With Long-Term Follow-Up. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 72:134-143. [PMID: 18342453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.12.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2007] [Revised: 12/07/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
40
|
Shen L, Shui Y, Wang X, Sheng L, Yang Z, Xue D, Wei Q. EGFR and HER2 expression in primary cervical cancers and corresponding lymph node metastases: implications for targeted radiotherapy. BMC Cancer 2008; 8:232. [PMID: 18700025 PMCID: PMC2519090 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2008] [Accepted: 08/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Proteins overexpressed on the surface of tumor cells can be selectively targeted. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are among the most often targeted proteins. The level and stability of expression in both primary tumors and corresponding metastases is crucial in the assessment of a receptor as target for imaging in nuclear medicine and for various forms of therapy. So far, the expression of EGFR and HER2 has only been determined in primary cervical cancers, and we have not found published data regarding the receptor status in corresponding metastatic lesions. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether any of these receptors are suitable as target for clinical diagnosis and therapy. Methods Expression of EGFR and HER2 was investigated immunohistochemically in both lymph node metastases and corresponding primary cervical cancers (n = 53). HER2 and EGFR expression was scored using HercepTest criteria (0, 1+, 2+ or 3+). Results EGFR overexpression (2+ or 3+) was found in 64% (35/53) of the primary cervical tumors and 60% (32/53) of the corresponding lymph node metastases. There was a good concordance between the primary tumors and the paired metastases regarding EGFR expression. Only four patients who had 2+ or 3+ in the primary tumors changed to 0 or 1+ in lymph node metastases, and another two cases changed the other way around. None of the primary tumors or the lymph node metastases expressed HER2 protein. Conclusion The EGFR expression seems to be common and stable during cervical cancer metastasis, which is encouraging for testing of EGFR targeted radiotherapy. HER2 appears to be of poor interest as a potential target in the treatment of cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Benjaminsen IC, Brurberg KG, Ruud EBM, Rofstad EK. Assessment of extravascular extracellular space fraction in human melanoma xenografts by DCE-MRI and kinetic modeling. Magn Reson Imaging 2007; 26:160-70. [PMID: 17692490 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2007.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2007] [Revised: 05/25/2007] [Accepted: 06/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tumor aggressiveness and response to therapy are influenced by the extravascular extracellular space fraction (EESF) of the malignant tissue. The EESF may, therefore, be an important prognostic parameter for cancer patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA)-based dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can be used to assess the EESF of tumors. Amelanotic human melanoma xenografts (A-07, R-18) were used as preclinical models of human cancer. Images of E.F (E is the initial extraction fraction of Gd-DTPA and F is perfusion) and lambda (the partition coefficient of Gd-DTPA) were obtained by Kety analysis of DCE-MRI data. Our study was based on the hypothesis that lambda is governed by the EESF and is not influenced significantly by microvascular density (MVD) or blood perfusion. To test this hypothesis, we searched for correlations between lambda and E.F, MVD or EESF by comparing lambda images with E.F images, histological preparations from the imaged tissue and the radial heterogeneity in EESF obtained by invasive imaging. Positive correlations were found between lambda and EESF. Thus, median lambda was larger in A-07 tumors than in R-18 tumors by a factor of 4.2 (P<.00001), consistent with the histological observation that EESF is approximately fourfold larger in A-07 tumors than in R-18 tumors. The radial heterogeneity in lambda in A-07 and R-18 tumors was almost identical to the radial heterogeneity in EESF. Moreover, lambda was larger in tissue regions with high EESF than in tissue regions with low EESF in A-07 tumors (P=.048). On the other hand, significant correlations between lambda and MVD or E.F could not be detected. Consequently, Kety analysis of Gd-DTPA-based DCE-MRI series of xenografted tumors provides lambda images that primarily reflect the EESF of the tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilana C Benjaminsen
- Group of Radiation Biology and Tumor Physiology, Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello, N-0310 Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bipat S, Zwinderman AH, Bossuyt PMM, Stoker J. Multivariate random-effects approach: for meta-analysis of cancer staging studies. Acad Radiol 2007; 14:974-84. [PMID: 17659244 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2007.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2007] [Revised: 05/08/2007] [Accepted: 05/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Meta-analyses of diagnostic accuracy studies produce summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity. Cancer staging relies on staging systems and meta-analysis is often performed after dichotomization of the staging results. For each dichotomization, summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity can be calculated by repeated bivariate random-effects analyses. In this process, staging information is lost and under- and overstaging can not be adequately expressed. MATERIALS AND METHODS We propose a new multivariate random-effects approach, which is an extension of the bivariate random-effects approach. To illustrate the principles and outcomes of both approaches, we used data from a meta-analysisevaluating endoluminal ultrasonography in staging of rectal cancer. In the multivariate approach, results on correct staging and under- and overstaging were calculated. In addition, the results from this analysis were used to calculate sensitivity and specificity estimates for each dichotomization and these estimates were compared with the results of the repeated bivariate analyses. RESULTS By the multivariate analysis, results on correct staging and under- and overstaging were obtained. The sensitivity and specificity estimates for the dichotomizations, calculated from the results of this multivariate approach, were also comparable with the sensitivity and specificity estimates obtained by the repeated bivariate analyses. CONCLUSIONS The multivariate random-effects approach can be a useful meta-analytic method for summarizing cancer staging data presented in diagnostic accuracy studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shandra Bipat
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Garcia-Arias A, Cetina L, Candelaria M, Robles E, Dueñas-González A. The prognostic significance of leukocytosis in cervical cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2007; 17:465-70. [PMID: 17309562 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2007.00816.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a frequent tumor with established prognostic factors such as FIGO stage and hemoglobin levels among others. Despite the fact that paraneoplastic leukocytosis is relatively common in many solid tumors, only isolated cases of cervical cancer patients presenting this abnormality have been published; hence, the clinical significance of leukocytosis is unknown in this tumor type. Retrospective review on the medical records of 294 consecutive newly diagnosed and untreated locally advanced cervical cancer patients who received radiotherapy and concurrent cisplatin was conducted. Leukocytosis was defined as a persistent white blood cell count exceeding 10,800/microL, determined at least twice before commencing chemoradiation providing that patients were free of any active acute or chronic infection or any other condition known to elevate the leukocyte count. The frequency of leukocytosis and their correlation with clinicopathologic features were investigated, as well as their impact on tumor response and survival. Leukocytosis with a median value of 13,300/microL (11,100-28,800) was observed in 35 (11.9%) patients at diagnosis. Leukocytosis was statistically associated only with advanced stages. Clinical complete response was observed in 57% versus 86% of the patients with and without leukocytosis, respectively. In the univariate analysis, leukocytosis, stage, and hemoglobin levels were significant predictors of survival; however, only leukocytosis and the hemoglobin level remained significant predictors of survival in the multivariate analysis. Leukocytosis is common in cervical cancer patients and has a negative prognostic significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Garcia-Arias
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de México, UNAM, México
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lai SK, O'Hanlon DE, Harrold S, Man ST, Wang YY, Cone R, Hanes J. Rapid transport of large polymeric nanoparticles in fresh undiluted human mucus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:1482-7. [PMID: 17244708 PMCID: PMC1785284 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608611104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 713] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2006] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles larger than the reported mesh-pore size range (10-200 nm) in mucus have been thought to be much too large to undergo rapid diffusional transport through mucus barriers. However, large nanoparticles are preferred for higher drug encapsulation efficiency and the ability to provide sustained delivery of a wider array of drugs. We used high-speed multiple-particle tracking to quantify transport rates of individual polymeric particles of various sizes and surface chemistries in samples of fresh human cervicovaginal mucus. Both the mucin concentration and viscoelastic properties of these cervicovaginal samples are similar to those in many other human mucus secretions. Unexpectedly, we found that large nanoparticles, 500 and 200 nm in diameter, if coated with polyethylene glycol, diffused through mucus with an effective diffusion coefficient (D(eff)) only 4- and 6-fold lower than that for the same particles in water (at time scale tau = 1 s). In contrast, for smaller but otherwise identical 100-nm coated particles, D(eff) was 200-fold lower in mucus than in water. For uncoated particles 100-500 nm in diameter, D(eff) was 2,400- to 40,000-fold lower in mucus than in water. Much larger fractions of the 100-nm particles were immobilized or otherwise hindered by mucus than the large 200- to 500-nm particles. Thus, in contrast to the prevailing belief, these results demonstrate that large nanoparticles, if properly coated, can rapidly penetrate physiological human mucus, and they offer the prospect that large nanoparticles can be used for mucosal drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel K. Lai
- Departments of *Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and
| | | | | | - Stan T. Man
- Departments of *Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and
| | | | | | - Justin Hanes
- Departments of *Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218; and
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and
- Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Candelaria M, Cetina L, Garcia-Arias A, Lopez-Graniel C, de la Garza J, Robles E, Duenas-Gonzalez A. Radiation-sparing managements for cervical cancer: a developing countries perspective. World J Surg Oncol 2006; 4:77. [PMID: 17101048 PMCID: PMC1660541 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-4-77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2006] [Accepted: 11/13/2006] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the seventh most frequent cancer worldwide but more than 80% of cases occur in developing countries. Till date, radiation therapy with external beam and brachytherapy remains as the core treatment for most stages of cervical cancer. However, radiation treatment protocols and equipment modelled on the best developed countries can be seldom applied directly to developing countries owing to financial constraints and lack of qualified personnel, thus, a substantial proportion of patients do not have access to even palliative radiation therapy. Treatment options when the standard therapy is either not available or difficult to reproduce in particular settings is highly desirable with the potential to save lives that otherwise could be lost by the lack of adequate treatment. These options of treatment ideally had to have show, 1) that these are not inferior to the "standard" in terms of either survival or quality of life; 2) that these can be delivered in settings were the "standard" is not available or if available its quality is poor; and 3) that the treatment option be accepted by the population to be treated. Based on these considerations, it is obvious that cervical cancer patients, particularly those who live in countries with limited resources and therefore may not have sufficient radiation therapy resources are in need of newer therapeutical options. There is now a considerable amount of information emanating from clinical studies where surgery has a major role in treating this disease. These forms of "radiation-sparing" treatments include total mesometrial resection that could make unnecessary the use of adjuvant radiation; neoadjuvant chemotherapy that could avoid the use of adjuvant radiation in around 85% of patients and preoperative chemoradiation that could make brachytherapy dispensable. The feasibility and therapeutical value of these potential forms of management need to be prospectively evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myrna Candelaria
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lucely Cetina
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alicia Garcia-Arias
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos Lopez-Graniel
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime de la Garza
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Robles
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Duenas-Gonzalez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Taja-Chayeb L, Chavez-Blanco A, Martínez-Tlahuel J, González-Fierro A, Candelaria M, Chanona-Vilchis J, Robles E, Dueñas-Gonzalez A. Expression of platelet derived growth factor family members and the potential role of imatinib mesylate for cervical cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2006; 6:22. [PMID: 17014709 PMCID: PMC1601967 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-6-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2006] [Accepted: 10/02/2006] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite significant achievements in the treatment of cervical cancer, it is still a deadly disease; hence newer therapeutical modalities are needed. Preliminary investigations suggest that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) might have a role in the development of cervical cancer, therefore it is important to determine whether this growth factor pathway is functional and its targeting with imatinib mesylate leads to growth inhibition of cervical cancer cells. Results PDGF receptors (PDGFR) and their ligands are frequently expressed in cervical cancer and the majority exhibited a combination of family members co-expression. A number of intronic and exonic variations but no known mutations in the coding sequence of the PDGFRα gene were found in cancer cell lines and primary tumors. Growth assays demonstrated that PDGFBB induces growth stimulation that can be blocked by imatinib and that this tyrosine kinase inhibitor on its own inhibits cell growth. These effects were associated with the phosphorylation status of the receptor. Conclusion The PDGFR system may have a role in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer as their members are frequently expressed in this tumor and cervical cancer lines are growth inhibited by the PDGFR antagonist imatinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Taja-Chayeb
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico
| | - Alma Chavez-Blanco
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico
| | | | - Aurora González-Fierro
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico
| | - Myrna Candelaria
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico
| | | | - Elizabeth Robles
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Dueñas-Gonzalez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Houvenaeghel G, Lelievre L, Rigouard AL, Buttarelli M, Jacquemier J, Viens P, Gonzague-Casabianca L. Residual pelvic lymph node involvement after concomitant chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2006; 102:74-9. [PMID: 16406062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2005] [Revised: 11/10/2005] [Accepted: 11/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Concomitant chemoradiation (and brachytherapy) has become the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancers (FIGO stage IB2 to IVA). Adjuvant surgery is optional. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of residual positive pelvic lymph nodes after chemoradiation. METHODS From February 1988 to August 2004, 113 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer have been treated by chemoradiation followed by an adjuvant surgery with a pelvic lymphadenectomy performed (study group). A para-aortic lymphadenectomy had also been performed in 85 of them. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 48.4 years (27-74). FIGO stage was: IB2 in 17.7% (20/113), II in 44.2% (50/113), III in 21.2% (24/113) and IVA in 16.8% of the patients (19/113). The mean number of removed nodes was 11.5 (median 11) in pelvic, and 7.5 (median 7) in para-aortic basins. A pelvic lymph node involvement was present in 15.9% (18/113) of the patients after chemoradiation. In 11 patients, only one node was positive. 11.7% (10/85) of the patients had a para-aortic lymph node involvement. A residual pelvic lymph node disease has been observed in 6.3% (4/63) of the cases with no residual cervical disease (or microscopic) versus 26.5% (13/49) of the cases with macroscopic residual cervical tumor (P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Our experience shows that a pelvic lymph node involvement persists in about 16% of the patients after chemoradiation. We can make the assumption that performing a pelvic lymphadenectomy along with the removal of the primary tumor after chemoradiation could reduce the rate of latero-pelvic recurrences, whatever the para-aortic lymph node status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Houvenaeghel
- Department of Surgery, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 232 Bd Sainte Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Candelaria M, Garcia-Arias A, Cetina L, Dueñas-Gonzalez A. Radiosensitizers in cervical cancer. Cisplatin and beyond. Radiat Oncol 2006; 1:15. [PMID: 16722549 PMCID: PMC1479830 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-1-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Accepted: 05/08/2006] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer continues to be a significant health burden worldwide. Globally, the majority of cancers are locally advanced at diagnosis; hence, radiation remains the most frequently used therapeutical modality. Currently, the value of adding cisplatin or cisplatin-based chemotherapy to radiation for treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer is strongly supported by randomized studies and meta-analyses. Nevertheless, despite these significant achievements, therapeutic results are far from optimal; thus, novel therapies need to be assayed. A strategy currently being investigated is the use of newer radiosensitizers alone or in combination with platinum compounds. In the present work, we present preclinical information on known and newer cytotoxic agents as radiosensitizers on cervical cancer models, as well as the clinical information emanating from early phase trials that incorporate them to the cervical cancer management. In addition, we present the perspectives on the combined approach of radiation therapy and molecular target-based drugs with proven radiosensitizing capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myrna Candelaria
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico
| | | | - Lucely Cetina
- Division of Clinical Research, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Dueñas-Gonzalez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología/Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, UNAM, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Micha JP, Goldstein BH, Rettenmaier MA, Brown JV, John CR, Markman M. Surgery alone or surgery with a combination radiation or chemoradiation for management of patients with bulky-stage IB2 cervical carcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2006; 16:1147-51. [PMID: 16803498 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00457.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of stage IB2 cervical carcinoma remains controversial. This retrospective review evaluates 47 IB2 cervical carcinoma patients treated with surgery alone (S), surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy (SR), or surgery plus postoperative chemoradiation (SRC). Median progression-free interval (PFI) was 70.3 months for the SR group (n= 21), 73.3 months for the SRC group (n= 15), and 33.5 months for the S group (n= 11). The survival rate was 76% for the SR group, 87% for the SRC group, and 55% for the S group. Overall 5-year survival rate for the three groups was 75%. Median follow-up for the patient population was 61.3 months. The number of the patient and the nonrandomized nature of this study preclude any definitive conclusions, but interestingly, the SRC and SR groups exhibited a substantially better PFI and overall survival compared to the S group. Selection bias does not appear to be a factor since patients in SR or SRC group were at greater risk for recurrence (eg, higher incidence of deep stromal invasion, parametrial involvement) than patients in the S group; yet, they still experienced superior PFI and overall survival. Further studies comparing postoperative irradiation and chemoradiation with these patients in a randomized phase 3 trial may be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Micha
- Gynecologic Oncology Associates, Hoag Cancer Center, 531 Hospital Road, Newport Beach, CA 92663, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Classe JM, Rauch P, Rodier JF, Morice P, Stoeckle E, Lasry S, Houvenaeghel G. Surgery after concurrent chemoradiotherapy and brachytherapy for the treatment of advanced cervical cancer: morbidity and outcome: results of a multicenter study of the GCCLCC (Groupe des Chirurgiens de Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer). Gynecol Oncol 2006; 102:523-9. [PMID: 16504274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2006.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2005] [Revised: 01/03/2006] [Accepted: 01/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the morbidity and therapeutic value of surgery after concurrent chemoradiotherapy and brachytherapy in a multicentric series of patients with advanced cervical cancer. METHODS Patients with stage IB2 to IVA cervical cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy and pelvic radiotherapy followed by brachytherapy and surgery from seven participating French comprehensive cancer centers were enrolled. The surgical treatment consisted of a hysterectomy, which ranged from radical hysterectomy to anterior pelvic exenteration, and lymph node resection. Acute toxicity, pathological response, overall, and disease-free survival were assessed for each pathological response to therapy. RESULTS One hundred seventy-five patients were enrolled from September 1987 to June 2002. The median age was 44 years [27;75]. Patients distribution according to clinical classification was as follows: 41 stage IB2, 18 IIA, 77 IIB, 12 IIIA, 14 IIIB, and 13 IVA. Forty-six patients experienced 51 postoperative complications. Thirty-three patients experienced grade 2 morbidity (18.9%, 33/175), among whom 19 experienced urinary complications (57.5%, 19/175). No post treatment mortality was observed. Grade 3 toxicity rate was 6.9% (12/175). Pathological complete response rate was 38% (67/175). After a median follow-up of 36 months, overall survival and disease-free survival were significantly better in patients who had a pathological complete response to therapy than those who achieved a partial pathological response (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Surgery after concurrent chemoradiotherapy and brachytherapy for advanced cervical cancer leads to an acceptable morbidity. Furthermore, surgery allows evaluation of the pathological response to therapy and improves local control in the case of partial pathological response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Classe
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Centre R. Gauducheau, Site Hôpital nord, Bd. J. Monod, 44805 Saint-Herblain Nantes, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|