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Yue J, Li Z, Zuo Z, Liao Y, Huang H, Wang Y. Geographical traceability and multielement analysis of edible and medicinal fungi: Taking Wolfiporia cocos (F.A. Wolf) Ryvarden and Gilb. as an example. J Food Sci 2021; 86:770-778. [PMID: 33586786 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Different geographical environment has a certain influence on the accumulation of fungi elements and chemical components. However, our knowledge is limited to elucidate the fungi elements in response to heterogeneous environmental and the quality differences among different habitats. Here, multielement analysis, FTIR spectrum, and feature-level fusion technique combined with chemometrics were used to study Wolfiporia cocos from different geographical areas, different sampling sites and different altitude sources. From the results, (1) there is significant difference in element content of samples from different sampling sites and no positive correlation with geographical ranges. (2) There is a correlation between elevation and elements, and relatively low elevation (<1,800 m) is conducive to the enrichment of elements. (3) From the perspective of elements, the W. cocos in Yuxi have relatively better quality. (4) FTIR and feature-level models can well realize origin identification. The SVM models are better than the PLS-DA models, and the feature-level model is better than the single FTIR models. In summary, this study demonstrated that the developed method was reliable and could realize the genuineness evaluation and origin identification of W. cocos. The results have implications for the establishment of the technology system of geographical traceability and the development of high-quality geographical indication products of W. cocos.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaQi Yue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China.,Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650200, China
| | - ZhiMin Li
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650200, China
| | - ZhiTian Zuo
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650200, China
| | - YiJun Liao
- School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu, 611730, China
| | - HengYu Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - YuanZhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650200, China
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2
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Tossetta G, Fantone S, Giannubilo SR, Marzioni D. The Multifaced Actions of Curcumin in Pregnancy Outcome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010126. [PMID: 33477354 PMCID: PMC7830020 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, also known as diferuloylmethane, is the main polyphenolic substance present in the rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. This plant showed many beneficial effects and has been used since ancient times for both food and pharmaceutical purposes. Due to its pleiotropic functions, curcumin consumption in the human diet has become very common thanks also to the fact that this natural compound is considered quite safe as it does not have serious side effects. Its functions as an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, neuroprotective, immunomodulatory, anti-toxicant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-diabetic compound are already known and widely demonstrated. There are numerous studies concerning its effects on various human pathologies including cancer, diabetes and arthritis while the studies on curcumin during pregnancy have been performed only in animal models. Data concerning the role of curcumin as anti-inflammatory compound suggest a possible use of curcumin in managing pregnancy complications such as Preeclampsia (PE), Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR), PreTerm Birth (PTB), and exposure to toxic agents and pathogens. The aim of this review is to present data to support the possible use of curcumin in clinical trials on human gestation complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tossetta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.T.); (S.F.)
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Sonia Fantone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.T.); (S.F.)
| | - Stefano Raffaele Giannubilo
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Salesi Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Daniela Marzioni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.T.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+39-071.2206268
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3
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da Costa MCV, Kmecick M, Freitas PFD, Ortolani-Machado CF. Lead exposure affects cephalic morphogenesis and neural crest cells in Gallus gallus embryo. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 84:106948. [PMID: 33418068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.106948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The morphogenesis of the head of vertebrates is a process that involves rapid growth and dynamic movements of various cell populations, including the neural crest cells (NCC). These pluripotent cells generated during neurulation have high proliferative and migratory capacity but xenobiotic agents can affect these migratory periods and cause congenital malformations. Lead (Pb) is the most common toxic metal in the environment and a potent teratogen that can affect growth and induce malformations. Despite the known toxic effects of Pb, there is a gap in knowledge about the impact of realistic concentrations of Pb at critical periods of early development. Here, we evaluated mortality, embryonic morphology, NCC migration, and the amount of Pb deposition in chicken embryos after 3 to 4 days of exposure. One of the most interesting observations in this study is that only about 34% of the injected Pb was present in the embryos after 4 days. We observed that exposure to Pb, even under low concentrations, increased mortality and the occurrence of malformations during embryonic development, especially in the cephalic region (CR). Although Pb was found widely distributed in the CR, no relation between its presence and the migration routes of cephalic NCC was observed. But the number of NCC and their migratory distance were reduced. These changes are consistent and explain the morphological anomalies described in this study, which also correlates with the morphofunctional abnormalities reported in the literature. Therefore, this study highlights the concern of exposure to low concentrations of this metal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melyssa Kmecick
- Laboratory of Embryotoxicology, Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Chalansonnet M, Carreres-Pons M, Venet T, Thomas A, Merlen L, Boucard S, Cosnier F, Nunge H, Bonfanti E, Llorens J, Campo P, Pouyatos B. Effects of co-exposure to CS 2 and noise on hearing and balance in rats: continuous versus intermittent CS 2 exposures. J Occup Med Toxicol 2020; 15:9. [PMID: 32426022 PMCID: PMC7216478 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-020-00260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbon disulfide (CS2) exacerbates the effect of noise on hearing, and disrupts the vestibular system. The goal of this study was to determine whether these effects are also observed with intermittent CS2 exposure. Methods Rats were exposed for 4 weeks (5 days/week, 6 h/day) to a band noise at 106 dB SPL either alone or combined with continuous (63 ppm or 250 ppm) or intermittent (15 min/h or 2 × 15 min/h at 250 ppm) CS2. Hearing function was assessed by measuring distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs); balance was monitored based on the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). Functional measurements were performed before, at the end of exposure and 4 weeks later. Histological analyses of the inner ear were also performed following exposure and after the 4-week recovery period. Results The results obtained here confirmed that CS2 exposure exerts two differential temporary effects on hearing: (1) it attenuates the noise-induced DPOAE decrease below 6 kHz probably through action on the middle ear reflex when exposure lasts 15 min per hour, and (2) continuous exposure to 250 ppm for 6 h extends the frequency range affected by noise up to 9.6 kHz (instead of 6 kHz with noise alone). With regard to balance, the VOR was reversibly disrupted at the two highest doses of CS2 (2 × 15 min/h and continuous 250 ppm). No morphological alterations to the inner ear were observed. Conclusion These results reveal that short periods of CS2 exposure can alter the sensitivity of the cochlea to noise at a dose equivalent to only 10 times the short-term occupational limit value, and intermittent exposure to CS2 (2 × 15 min/h) can alter the function of the vestibular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Chalansonnet
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Maria Carreres-Pons
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France.,2Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia Spain
| | - Thomas Venet
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Aurélie Thomas
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Lise Merlen
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Stéphane Boucard
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Frédéric Cosnier
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Hervé Nunge
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Elodie Bonfanti
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Jordi Llorens
- 2Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia Spain.,3Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia Spain
| | - Pierre Campo
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France.,4DevAH EA 3450 - Développement, Adaptation et Handicap, Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité-Université de Lorraine, 54500 Vandœuvre, France
| | - Benoît Pouyatos
- 1Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, Cedex, 54519 Vandœuvre, France
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Kang JH, Husain AM, Morgenlander JC. Loss of Vestibular Ocular Reflex in Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus. Neurocrit Care 2018; 30:675-680. [PMID: 29951957 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-018-0567-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroencephalogram (EEG) findings of generalized periodic discharges (GPDs) with triphasic morphology were introduced as a metabolic phenomenon, but more recently have been associated with epileptic phenomenon. Resolution of EEG findings along with clinical improvement from treatment is diagnostic. The known causes of reversible, isolated loss of OVR include medication toxicity, lead exposure, and thiamine deficiency, but its association with nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) has never been published. Medication induced loss of OVR resolves after a 24-hour washout period. We report a case of reversible, isolated loss of vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) associated with epileptic phenomenon. METHODS This is a case report of a single patient. RESULTS A 74-year-old male with a history of complex partial seizures admitted for a pneumonectomy had a post-operative course complicated by two instances of coma, the latter associated with an isolated loss of VOR. EEG revealed GPDs with triphasic morphology initially interpreted as a metabolic phenomenon. The patient's mental status, exam and EEG findings improved after low dose infusion of propofol for tracheostomy, and he was eventually discharged at baseline neurological function. Due to this response, his coma, loss of VOR and EEG were later interpreted as a consequence of NCSE. CONCLUSION The interpretation of GPDs with triphasic wave morphology range from metabolic phenomenon to NCSE. NCSE should be highly considered on the differential for encephalopathy regardless of the circumstances. NCSE may be a potential cause of reversible, isolated loss of the VOR and an AED trial in the appropriate clinical context should be considered. This is the first report of loss of VOR possibly associated with NCSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Kang
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 2905, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Aatif M Husain
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 2905, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Neurodiagnostic Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Neuroscience Medicine, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joel C Morgenlander
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 2905, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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Chalansonnet M, Carreres-Pons M, Venet T, Thomas A, Merlen L, Seidel C, Cosnier F, Nunge H, Pouyatos B, Llorens J, Campo P. Combined exposure to carbon disulfide and low-frequency noise reversibly affects vestibular function. Neurotoxicology 2018; 67:270-278. [PMID: 29928918 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chronic occupational exposure to carbon disulfide (CS2) has debilitating motor and sensory effects in humans, which can increase the risk of falls. Although no mention of vestibulotoxic effects is contained in the literature, epidemiological and experimental data suggest that CS2 could cause low-frequency hearing loss when associated with noise exposure. Low-frequency noise might also perturb the peripheral balance receptor through an as-yet unclear mechanism. Here, we studied how exposure to a low-frequency noise combined with 250-ppm CS2 affected balance in rats. Vestibular function was tested based on post-rotary nystagmus recorded by a video-oculography system. These measurements were completed by behavioral tests and analysis of the cerebellum to measure expression levels for gene expression associated with neurotoxicity. Assays were performed prior to and following a 4-week exposure, and again after a 4-week recovery period. Functional measurements were completed by histological analyses of the peripheral organs.Nystagmus was unaltered by exposure to noise alone, while CS2 alone caused a moderate 19% decrease of the saccade number. In contrast, coexposure to 250-ppm CS2 and low-frequency noise decreased both saccade number and duration by 33% and 34%, respectively. After four weeks, recovery was only partial but measures were not significantly different from pre-exposure values. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis of cerebellar tissue revealed a slight but significant modification in expression levels for two genes linked to neurotoxicity in CS2-exposed animals. However, neither histopathological changes to the peripheral receptor nor behavioral differences were observed. Based on all these results, we propose that the effects of CS2 were due to reversible neurochemical disturbance of the efferent pathways managing post-rotatory nystagmus. Because the nervous structures involving the vestibular function appear particularly sensitive to CS2, post-rotary nystagmus could be used as an early, non-invasive measurement to diagnose CS2 intoxication as part of an occupational conservation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Chalansonnet
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France.
| | - Maria Carreres-Pons
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France; Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Thomas Venet
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Aurélie Thomas
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Lise Merlen
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Carole Seidel
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Cosnier
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Hervé Nunge
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Pouyatos
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Jordi Llorens
- Departament de Ciències Fisiològiques and Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pierre Campo
- Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité, Rue du Morvan, CS 60027, F-54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France; DevAH EA 3450 - Développement, Adaptation et Handicap, Régulations cardio-respiratoires et de la motricité-Université de Lorraine, F-54500 Vandœuvre, France
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Benammi H, Erazi H, El Hiba O, Vinay L, Bras H, Viemari JC, Gamrani H. Disturbed sensorimotor and electrophysiological patterns in lead intoxicated rats during development are restored by curcumin I. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172715. [PMID: 28267745 PMCID: PMC5340392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead poisoning is one of the most significant health problem of environmental origin. It is known to cause different damages in the central and peripheral nervous system which could be represented by several neurophysiological and behavioral symptoms. In this study we firstly investigated the effect of lead prenatal exposure in rats to (3g/L), from neonatal to young age, on the motor/sensory performances, excitability of the spinal cord and gaits during development. Then we evaluated neuroprotective effects of curcumin I (Cur I) against lead neurotoxicity, by means of grasping and cliff avoidance tests to reveal the impairment of the sensorimotor functions in neonatal rats exposed prenatally to lead. In addition, extracellular recordings of motor output in spinal cord revealed an hyper-excitability of spinal networks in lead treated rats. The frequency of induced fictive locomotion was also increased in treated rats. At the young age, rats exhibited an impaired locomotor gait. All those abnormalities were attenuated by Cur I treatment at a dose of 16g/kg. Based on our finding, Cur I has shown features of a potent chemical compound able to restore the neuronal and the relative locomotor behaviors disturbances induced by lead intoxication. Therefore, this chemical can be recommended as a new therapeutic trial against lead induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Benammi
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Team, faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Hasna Erazi
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Team, faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Omar El Hiba
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Team, faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
- Department of Biology, faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, EL Jadida, Morocco
| | - Laurent Vinay
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7289, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Hélène Bras
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7289, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Charles Viemari
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7289, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
- * E-mail: (HG); (JCV)
| | - Halima Gamrani
- Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Team, faculty of Science Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco
- * E-mail: (HG); (JCV)
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Klimpel KEM, Lee MY, King WM, Raphael Y, Schacht J, Neitzel RL. Vestibular dysfunction in the adult CBA/CaJ mouse after lead and cadmium treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:869-876. [PMID: 27257108 PMCID: PMC5235991 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The vestibular system allows the perception of position and motion and its dysfunction presents as motion impairment, vertigo and balance abnormalities, leading to debilitating psychological discomfort and difficulty performing daily tasks. Although declines and deficits in vestibular function have been noted in rats exposed to lead (Pb) and in humans exposed to Pb and cadmium (Cd), no studies have directly examined the pathological and pathophysiological effects upon the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear. METHODS Eighteen young adult mice were exposed through their drinking water (3 mM Pb, 300 µM Cd, or a control treatment) for 10 weeks. Before and after treatment, they underwent a vestibular assessment, consisting of a rotarod performance test and a novel head stability test to measure the vestibulocolic reflex. At the conclusion of the study, the utricles were analyzed immunohistologically for condition of hair cells and nerve fibers. RESULTS Increased levels of Pb exposure correlated with decreased head stability in space; no significant decline in performance on rotarod test was found. No damage to the hair cells or the nerve fibers of the utricle was observed in histology. CONCLUSIONS The young adult CBA/CaJ mouse is able to tolerate occupationally-relevant Pb and Cd exposure well, but the correlation between Pb exposure and reduced head stability suggests that Pb exposure causes a decline in vestibular function. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 869-876, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Min Young Lee
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - W. Michael King
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Yehoash Raphael
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Jochen Schacht
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Richard L. Neitzel
- Corresponding author Richard L. Neitzel, Ph.D. University of Michigan Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI USA. , ph 734-763-2870, fax 734-763-8095
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Agrawal S, Bhatnagar P, Flora S. Changes in tissue oxidative stress, brain biogenic amines and acetylcholinesterase following co-exposure to lead, arsenic and mercury in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 86:208-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Andrade VL, Mateus ML, Batoréu MC, Aschner M, Marreilha dos Santos AP. Lead, Arsenic, and Manganese Metal Mixture Exposures: Focus on Biomarkers of Effect. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 166:13-23. [PMID: 25693681 PMCID: PMC4470849 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0267-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The increasing exposure of human populations to excessive levels of metals continues to represent a matter of public health concern. Several biomarkers have been studied and proposed for the detection of adverse health effects induced by lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and manganese (Mn); however, these studies have relied on exposures to each single metal, which fails to replicate real-life exposure scenarios. These three metals are commonly detected in different environmental, occupational, and food contexts and they share common neurotoxic effects, which are progressive and once clinically apparent may be irreversible. Thus, chronic exposure to low levels of a mixture of these metals may represent an additive risk of toxicity. Building upon their shared mechanisms of toxicity, such as oxidative stress, interference with neurotransmitters, and effects on the hematopoietic system, we address putative biomarkers, which may assist in assessing the onset of neurological diseases associated with exposure to this metal mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- VL Andrade
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - ML Mateus
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - MC Batoréu
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461 NY, USA
| | - AP Marreilha dos Santos
- Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento, iMed.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
- Corresponding author – , Tel – 351217946400, Fax - 351217946470
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An Animal Model Using Metallic Ions to Produce Autoimmune Nephritis. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:269610. [PMID: 26064998 PMCID: PMC4430659 DOI: 10.1155/2015/269610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune nephritis triggered by metallic ions was assessed in a Long-Evans rat model. The parameters evaluated included antinuclear autoantibody production, kidney damage mediated by immune complexes detected by immunofluorescence, and renal function tested by retention of nitrogen waste products and proteinuria. To accomplish our goal, the animals were treated with the following ionic metals: HgCl2, CuSO4, AgNO3, and Pb(NO3)2. A group without ionic metals was used as the control. The results of the present investigation demonstrated that metallic ions triggered antinuclear antibody production in 60% of animals, some of them with anti-DNA specificity. Furthermore, all animals treated with heavy metals developed toxic glomerulonephritis with immune complex deposition along the mesangium and membranes. These phenomena were accompanied by proteinuria and increased concentrations of urea. Based on these results, we conclude that metallic ions may induce experimental autoimmune nephritis.
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Changes in rat urinary porphyrin profiles predict the magnitude of the neurotoxic effects induced by a mixture of lead, arsenic and manganese. Neurotoxicology 2014; 45:168-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Andrade V, Mateus ML, Batoréu MC, Aschner M, dos Santos APM. Urinary delta-ALA: a potential biomarker of exposure and neurotoxic effect in rats co-treated with a mixture of lead, arsenic and manganese. Neurotoxicology 2013; 38:33-41. [PMID: 23764341 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and manganese (Mn) are neurotoxic elements that often occur in mixtures for which practically no information is available on biomarkers (BMs) for the evaluation of exposure/effects. Exposures to these metals may increase delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA), which in itself may potentiate neurotoxicity. The objective of this study was to investigate the utility of urinary delta-ALA (delta-ALA-U) levels as BM of exposure and/or neurotoxic effects induced by this mixture. Five groups of Wistar rats were treated for 8 days with Pb (5mg/kg), As (60mg/L), Mn (10mg/kg), the 3-metal mixture (same doses of the single metals), and control group. Motor activity was evaluated and 24-h urine collected before and after the treatment. 24-hours (h) after the last dose, the rats were sacrificed and the brains removed for analyses. Delta-ALA and metal levels were determined in brain and urine. Co-treated rats showed a significant (p<0.05) correlation between increased Pb, As, Mn and delta-ALA levels in the brain and decreased motor activity. Delta-ALA-U concentrations were higher in the mixture-treated group than the sum of the delta-ALA-U levels in each single-treated groups and discriminated (p<0.05) between the mixture and untreated rats. Moreover, delta-ALA-U was correlated (p<0.05) with brain delta-ALA levels. These results establish that treatments with this metal mixture exacerbate behavioral dysfunction, increasing most prominently brain Pb levels. This study is the first to establish that delta-ALA-U levels represent a sensitive BM of exposure/neurotoxic effect to this metal mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanda Andrade
- i-Med-UL, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Khalaf A, Moselhy WA, Abdel-Hamed MI. The protective effect of green tea extract on lead induced oxidative and DNA damage on rat brain. Neurotoxicology 2012; 33:280-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Cahill H, Rattner A, Nathans J. Preclinical assessment of CNS drug action using eye movements in mice. J Clin Invest 2011; 121:3528-41. [PMID: 21821912 DOI: 10.1172/jci45557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug development process for CNS indications is hampered by a paucity of preclinical tests that accurately predict drug efficacy in humans. Here, we show that a wide variety of CNS-active drugs induce characteristic alterations in visual stimulus-induced and/or spontaneous eye movements in mice. Active compounds included sedatives and antipsychotic, antidepressant, and antiseizure drugs as well as drugs of abuse, such as cocaine, morphine, and phencyclidine. The use of quantitative eye-movement analysis was demonstrated by comparing it with the commonly used rotarod test of motor coordination and by using eye movements to monitor pharmacokinetics, blood-brain barrier penetration, drug-receptor interactions, heavy metal toxicity, pharmacologic treatment in a model of schizophrenia, and degenerative CNS disease. We conclude that eye-movement analysis could complement existing animal tests to improve preclinical drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Cahill
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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Mastoi GM, Shah SGS, Khuhawar MY. Assessment of water quality of Manchar Lake in Sindh (Pakistan). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2008; 141:287-296. [PMID: 17929187 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-007-9895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2006] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Manchar Lake is the largest natural freshwater lake in Pakistan. The Lake has received less fresh water in past few years. In addition, drainage water is being discharged in the Lake through Main Nara Valley Drain (MNVD) since many years. Consequently, concern has grown regarding the water quality of the Lake. The aim of this study was to assess the water quality of Manchar Lake and MNVD and the objectives were to determine physiochemical properties and the concentrations of common cations and anions as well as seven trace metals i.e. Cu, Ni, Zn, Co, Fe, Pb and Cd. The concentration of the trace metals were determined by simultaneous preconcentration and solvent extraction using flame atomic absorption spectrometer. Results of physicochemical parameters of Manchar Lake water samples showed mean pH 8.4 (+/-0.2), conductivity 2,310.3 (+/-581.3) muS cm(-1) and hardness (as CaCO3) 213.1 (+/-62.3) mg l(-1). Mean concentrations of cations and anions were Na 521.5 (+/-49.7), Cl(-) 413.6 (+/-225.7), Ca 70.7 (+/-12.9), Mg 56.2 (+/-28.9), K 17.6 (+/-6.5), NO(3-) 0.34 (+/-0.2) and PO4(3-) 0.02 (+/-0.01) mg l(-1). Mean concentrations of trace metals were Zn 15.7 (+/-1), Fe 12 (+/-3.5), Pb 9 (+/-2.7), Cu 8.9 (+/-7.7), Ni 4.3 (+/-3.4), Co 4 (+/-3.4) and Cd 1.1 (+/-1) microg l(-1). MNVD water samples showed mean pH 8.9 (+/-0.8), conductivity 1,735.7 (+/-567.8) muS cm(-1) and hardness (as CaCO3) 184.8 (+/-32.4) mg l(-1). In MNWD, the mean concentrations of cations and anions were Na 482.7 (+/-11.7), Cl(-) 395.7 (+/-271.5), Ca 79.1 (+/-23.5), Mg 54.2 (+/-28.1), K 26.2 (+/-21.3), NO(-3) 0.5 (+/-0.3) and PO4(3-) 0.1 (+/-0.1) mg l(-1). Mean concentrations of trace metals observed in MNWD water were Fe 14.9(+/-3.5), Cd 8.3 (+/-9.4), Pb 6.9 (+/-2.4), Cu 6.6 (+/-3.1), Zn 6.2 (+/-1.8), Co 4.5 (+/-2.7), and Ni 3.5 (+/-2.9) microg l(-1). The pH of both Manchar Lake and MNVD waters and concentration of Pb in Manchar Lake and concentration of Cd in MNVD water were higher than the World Health Organisation's guideline values for the drinking water quality. The water quality of Manchar Lake was found degraded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi
- M. A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan.
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Mameli O, Caria MA, Melis P, Zambenedetti P, Ramila M, Zatta P. Effect of aluminum consumption on the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Metab Brain Dis 2006; 21:89-107. [PMID: 16855873 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-006-9010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2005] [Accepted: 09/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effects of chronic exposure (90 days) to Aluminum chloride (AlCl(3)) were analyzed in 3, 10 and 24 month old male rats (n=270) by investigating the function of the VOR (vestibulo-ocular reflex) in correlation with Aluminum (Al) concentrations in blood and brain. The VOR was chosen and tested in basal conditions (pre-exposure measures) and during the continuous administration of three different concentrations of AlCl(3) (0.5, 1, 2 g/l in drinking solution): the control animals being exposed to NaCl (0.125, 0.25 and 5 g/l in drinking solution). Results showed that LOAEL (Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level) was 43.1+/-11.4 mg Al/kg-day. At this concentration the Al induced significant VOR impairment in all exposed rats, regardless of animal age. Neuroanatomical analysis showed that VOR impairment was not dependent on astrocyte damage nor evidences of amyloid deposits in the exposed rats was found. Significant changes of Al concentrations were observed in nervous tissue, while its concentration in whole blood was unaffected. Furthermore, results show that it is possible to identify an individual neurotoxic threshold for each animal and therefore hypothesize the clinical use of the VOR test for the evaluation of individual risk toxicity to chronic Al exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Mameli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Human Physiology Division, V.le S. Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
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Bhattacharya A, Shukla R, Dietrich KN, Bornschein RL. Effect of early lead exposure on the maturation of children's postural balance: A longitudinal study. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2006; 28:376-85. [PMID: 16624520 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2006.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2005] [Revised: 02/17/2006] [Accepted: 02/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This prospective study investigated the impact of early exposure to lead on the maturation of children's postural balance. The effect of lead exposure on age-associated maturation of postural balance was investigated on 91 children from the Cincinnati Lead Study (CLS) with a 5-year geometric mean lead concentration in blood of 11.66 microg/dL (range 3.89-28.33 microg/dL) by re-assessing their postural balance approximately every 20 months starting at mean age of 6.6 years through mean age of 12.1 years. The results presented in this paper provide evidence that low to moderate lead exposure in early childhood has a measurable and statistically significant impact on the maturation of postural balance. In comparison to less exposed children, of those in the higher lead group showed an impaired postural balance response. The results from this study suggest that children with early childhood lead exposure may need additional time to approach (or "catch up" with) their maturational postural balance status. As these subjects are now adults in their early to mid-twenties, poor postural balance may impact their daily living tasks and pose a higher risk of potential injuries at home and work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bhattacharya
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056, USA.
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