1
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Smith M, Murrell JC, Mendl M. Spatial working memory in a disappearing object task is impaired in female but not male dogs with chronic osteoarthritis. Anim Cogn 2024; 27:13. [PMID: 38429533 PMCID: PMC10907419 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Chronic pain in humans is associated with impaired working memory but it is not known whether this is the case in long-lived companion animals, such as dogs, who are especially vulnerable to developing age-related chronic pain conditions. Pain-related impairment of cognitive function could have detrimental effects on an animal's ability to engage with its owners and environment or to respond to training or novel situations, which may in turn affect its quality of life. This study compared the performance of 20 dogs with chronic pain from osteoarthritis and 21 healthy control dogs in a disappearing object task of spatial working memory. Female neutered osteoarthritic dogs, but not male neutered osteoarthritic dogs, were found to have lower predicted probabilities of successfully performing the task compared to control dogs of the same sex. In addition, as memory retention interval in the task increased, osteoarthritic dogs showed a steeper decline in working memory performance than control dogs. This suggests that the effects of osteoarthritis, and potentially other pain-related conditions, on cognitive function are more clearly revealed in tasks that present a greater cognitive load. Our finding that chronic pain from osteoarthritis may be associated with impaired working memory in dogs parallels results from studies of human chronic pain disorders. That female dogs may be particularly prone to these effects warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Smith
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, BS40 5DU, UK
| | - Joanna C Murrell
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, BS40 5DU, UK
- Highcroft Veterinary Referrals, 615 Wells Rd, Whitchurch, Bristol, BS14 9BE, UK
| | - Michael Mendl
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, BS40 5DU, UK.
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2
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Ravi A, DeMarco EC, Gebauer S, Poirier MP, Hinyard LJ. Prevalence and Predictors of Depression in Women with Osteoarthritis: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Nationally Representative Survey Data. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:502. [PMID: 38470613 PMCID: PMC10930916 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in the US and can increase the risk of depression. Both depression and OA disproportionately affect women, yet this study is one of few on depression prevalence, treatment across age groups, and predictors in women with OA. Data were extracted from the 2011-March 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Women aged ≥ 45 years with self-reported osteo- or degenerative arthritis were included. Outcomes were depression (assessed with PHQ-9) and treatment (self-reported pharmacotherapy and mental health services). Logistic regression was used to examine associations between age group, covariates, and outcomes. Overall, depression prevalence was 8%, with higher proportions among those 45-64 years old. Aging was associated with reduced odds of depression (Age 65-79: OR 0.68 (95% CI: 0.52-0.89); Age 80+: OR 0.49 (95% CI: 0.33-0.74); vs. Age 45-54). Of those with a positive depression screen, 21.6% documented some form of treatment. Age group was not statistically different between those treated and those not treated. Women aged 45-64 with osteoarthritis may be at increased risk of depression, and most are not treated. As depression is related to increased pain and risk of rehospitalization, future research should prioritize interventions to increase uptake of depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Ravi
- Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Elisabeth C. DeMarco
- Department of Health and Clinical Outcomes Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA; (E.C.D.); (M.P.P.); (L.J.H.)
- Advanced Health Data Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA;
| | - Sarah Gebauer
- Advanced Health Data Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA;
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Michael P. Poirier
- Department of Health and Clinical Outcomes Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA; (E.C.D.); (M.P.P.); (L.J.H.)
- Advanced Health Data Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA;
| | - Leslie J. Hinyard
- Department of Health and Clinical Outcomes Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA; (E.C.D.); (M.P.P.); (L.J.H.)
- Advanced Health Data Institute, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA;
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3
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Gulati M, Dursun E, Vincent K, Watt FE. The influence of sex hormones on musculoskeletal pain and osteoarthritis. THE LANCET. RHEUMATOLOGY 2023; 5:e225-e238. [PMID: 38251525 DOI: 10.1016/s2665-9913(23)00060-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
The association of female sex with certain rheumatic symptoms and diseases is now indisputable. Some of the most striking examples of this association occur in individuals with musculoskeletal pain and osteoarthritis, in whom sex-dependent changes in incidence and prevalence of disease are seen throughout the lifecourse. Joint and muscle pain are some of the most common symptoms of menopause, and there is increasingly compelling evidence that changes in or loss of sex hormones (be it natural, autoimmune, pharmacological, or surgical) influence musculoskeletal pain propensity and perhaps disease. However, the effects of modulation or replacement of sex hormones in this context are far less established, particularly whether these approaches could represent a preventative or therapeutic opportunity once symptoms have developed. In this Review, we present evidence for the association of changes in sex hormones with musculoskeletal pain and painful osteoarthritis, discussing data from diverse natural, therapeutic, and experimental settings in humans and relevant animal models relating to hormone loss or replacement and the consequent effects on health, pain, and disease. We also postulate mechanisms by which sex hormones could mediate these effects. Further research is needed; however, increased scientific understanding of this complex area could lead to real benefits in musculoskeletal and women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malvika Gulati
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eren Dursun
- Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Katy Vincent
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona E Watt
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial College London, London, UK; Rheumatology Department, Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
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4
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Takaoka R, Koishi Y, Kuyama K, Ueda Y, Ishigaki S, Uchiyama Y, Shimamoto H, Nakatani A, Yatani H. Cross-sectional and longitudinal assessment of subchondral cysts in temporomandibular joints: Clinical and MRI study with a mean follow-up of 66 months. J Prosthodont Res 2022:JPR_D_22_00089. [PMID: 36288977 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_22_00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This observational study aimed to elucidate the pathophysiology of subchondral cysts (SC) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and examine the results of conservative therapy administered to patients with SCs in the TMJ. METHODS The study included 41 patients with SCs, extracted from 684 consecutive patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The anatomical features of SCs and positional abnormalities of the articular disc were initially evaluated using MRI. A second MRI examination was performed for 28/41 patients at 40-107 months (mean, 66 months) after the first MRI. The joint space, anteroposterior width of the condylar head (WiC), articular eminence angle (AEA), and visual analog scale of jaw pain (VAS) were assessed alongside the MRI examinations. RESULTS Most SCs were present in the anterosuperior and central condyle. Disc displacement was observed in 100% of 42 TMJs with SCs. Of the 29 joints in 28 patients, SCs in 19 joints resolved with time, whereas SCs in 10 joints persisted. A significant increase in the WiC and a significant decrease in AEA and VAS scores were observed on the second MRI scan. CONCLUSIONS SCs tended to form in the anterosuperior and central parts of the condyle, where mechanical loading was likely to be applied. SCs are strongly associated with articular disc displacement. Two-thirds of SCs resolved over time, accompanied by resorption and osteophytic deformation of the condyle. SC might not be an indicator for the start of surgical treatment, and nonsurgical treatment could improve the clinical symptoms of patients with SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Takaoka
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukiko Koishi
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kuyama
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - You Ueda
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoichi Ishigaki
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuka Uchiyama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsutoshi Nakatani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yatani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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6
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Soares-Jr JM, Espósito Sorpreso IC, Nunes Curado JF, Ferreira Filho ES, Dos Santos Simões R, Bonfá E, Silva CA, Baracat EC. Hormone therapy effect on menopausal systemic lupus erythematosus patients: a systematic review. Climacteric 2022; 25:427-433. [PMID: 35438053 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2022.2050205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) primarily affects women, who may need hormone therapy (HT) in menopause. There is, however, some concern as to its efficacy and safety. This systematic review aimed to determine the effect of HT on the activity of SLE and its safety. The study was a qualitative systematic review. Research was conducted with data retrieved from Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane databases using MESH terms up to April 2021, with no bar on date or language. Sixteen studies were selected for analysis. Most of them showed HT to be effective in the treatment of menopausal symptoms with no impact in SLE activity, but one randomized clinical trial showed an increase in the number of thrombotic events. The present systematic review demonstrated the efficacy of HT for treating the menopausal symptoms of SLE patients. The risk of flare and thrombosis seems to be very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Soares-Jr
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - I C Espósito Sorpreso
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J F Nunes Curado
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E S Ferreira Filho
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Dos Santos Simões
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Bonfá
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C A Silva
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E C Baracat
- Discipline of Gynecology, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Mei Y, Williams JS, Webb EK, Shea AK, MacDonald MJ, Al-Khazraji BK. Roles of Hormone Replacement Therapy and Menopause on Osteoarthritis and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes: A Narrative Review. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:825147. [PMID: 36189062 PMCID: PMC9397736 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.825147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent condition characterized by degradation of the joints. OA and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are leading contributors to disease burden worldwide, with a high level of overlap between the risk factors and occurrence of both conditions. Chief among the risk factors that contribute to OA and CVD are sex and age, which are both independent and interacting traits. Specifically, the prevalence of both conditions is higher in older women, which may be mediated by the occurrence of menopause. Menopause represents a significant transition in a women's life, and the rapid decline in circulating sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, leads to complex physiological changes. Declines in hormone levels may partially explain the increase in prevalence of OA and CVD in post-menopausal women. In theory, the use of hormone therapy (HT) may buffer adverse effects of menopause; however, it is unclear whether HT offers protective effects for the onset or progression of these diseases. Studies have shown mixed results when describing the influence of HT on disease risk among post-menopausal women, which warrants further exploration. The roles that increasing age, female sex, HT, and CVD play in OA risk demonstrate that OA is a multifaceted condition. This review provides a timely consolidation of current literature and suggests aims for future research directions to bridge gaps in the understanding of how OA, CVD, and HT interact in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixue Mei
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer S. Williams
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Erin K. Webb
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alison K. Shea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Maureen J. MacDonald
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Baraa K. Al-Khazraji
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Baraa K. Al-KhazrajiS
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8
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Saxena RK, Anand S, Guha SK. Diagnosis of Knee Joint Osteoarthritis by Bioelectrical Impedance Plethysmography. JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES NU 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDiagnosis of knee joint osteoarthritis (KJO) at early stages can prolong the progression of disabling degenerative ailments. Mostly, diagnosis of KJO is based on patient complaints about difficulty with locomotion and is clinically diagnosed based on gait and features. Classical radiographic and MRI images further validated the presence of KJO. Due to the economic and limited accessibility of the above services in India and neighboring countries, a large number of patients with KJO continue to suffer without a diagnosis. There is a need to develop a cost-effective, quick, simple, non-invasive, and reliable diagnostic technique for the onset of KJO. The present study aims to monitor the conductivity changes and impedance fluctuations using an electrical impedance plethysmograph. Impedance fluctuations recorded in normal and osteoarthritis patients showed marked differences. The analysis of these records can identify early damage to the joint.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sneh Anand
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujoy Kumar Guha
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
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9
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Chaudhuri A, Sannigrahi N, Adhya D. To study the effectiveness of mindfulness-based meditation in the functional outcome of osteoarthritis knee and perceived stress scores and markers of obesity in postmenopausal women. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF DR. D.Y. PATIL VIDYAPEETH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_39_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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10
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Duan L, Xu X, Xu L, Wen C, Ouyang K, Li Z, Liang Y. ERα-Targeting PROTAC as a Chemical Knockdown Tool to Investigate the Estrogen Receptor Function in Rat Menopausal Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:764154. [PMID: 34916941 PMCID: PMC8669996 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.764154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytic targeting chimeras (PROTACs) is a rapid and reversible chemical knockout method. Compared with traditional gene-editing tools, it can avoid potential genetic compensation, misunderstandings caused by spontaneous mutations, or gene knockouts that lead to embryonic death. To study the role of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the occurrence and progression of menopausal arthritis, we report a chemical knockout strategy in which stable peptide-based (PROTACs) against ERα to inhibit their function. This chemical knockdown strategy can effectively and quickly inhibit ERα protein in vivo and in vitro. In the rat menopausal arthritis model, this study showed that inhibiting estrogen function by degrading ERα can significantly interfere with cartilage matrix metabolism and cause menopausal arthritis by up-regulating matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-13). The results of this study indicate that ERα is a crucial estrogen receptor for maintaining cartilage metabolism. Inhibition of ERα function by PROTACs can promote the progression of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Intelligent Orthopaedics and Biomedical Innovation Platform, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Intelligent Orthopaedics and Biomedical Innovation Platform, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Limei Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Intelligent Orthopaedics and Biomedical Innovation Platform, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Caining Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Intelligent Orthopaedics and Biomedical Innovation Platform, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kan Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Intelligent Orthopaedics and Biomedical Innovation Platform, Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Artificial Intelligence and Digital Orthopedic Technology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zigang Li
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, China
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11
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Faber S, Zinser W, Angele P, Spahn G, Löer I, Zellner J, Hochrein A, Niemeyer P. Does Gender Influence Outcome in Cartilage Repair Surgery? An Analysis of 4,968 Consecutive Patients from the German Cartilage Registry (Knorpel Register DGOU). Cartilage 2021; 13:837S-845S. [PMID: 32476447 PMCID: PMC8808879 DOI: 10.1177/1947603520923137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal was to examine gender differences of patient characteristics and outcome after cartilage repair based on a collective of nearly 5,000 patients. Patient characteristics, accompanying therapies, and outcome (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS], reoperations, patient satisfaction) of 4,986 patients of the German cartilage register DGOU were assessed by t test for possible gender differences. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Women were older than men (38.07 ± 12.54 vs. 26.94 ± 12.394 years, P = 0.002), more often preoperated (0.30 ± 0.63 vs. 0.24 ± 0.55, P = 0.001), and had a longer symptom duration (25.22 ± 41.20 vs. 20.67 ± 35.32 months, P < 0.001). Men had greater mean leg axis malalignment than women (3.24° ± 3.26° vs. 2.67° ± 3.06°, P < 0.001), less favorable meniscal status (P = 0.001), worse defect stage (P = 0.006), and a more severely damaged corresponding articular surface (P = 0.042). At baseline (59.84 ± 17.49 vs. 52.10 ± 17.77, P < 0.001), after 6 months (72.83 ± 15.56 vs. 66.56 ± 17.66, P < 0.001), after 12 months (77.88 ± 15.95 vs. 73.07 ± 18.12, P < 0.001), and after 24 months (79.311 ± 15.94 vs. 74.39 ± 18.81, P < 0.001), men had better absolute KOOS values, but women had better relative KOOS increases 6 months (14.59 ± 17.31 vs. 12.49 ± 16.3, P = 0.005) as well as 12 months postoperatively (20.27 ± 18.6 vs. 17.34 ± 17.79, P = 0.001) compared with preoperatively, although 12 and 24 months postoperatively they were subjectively less satisfied with the outcome (P < 0.001) and had a higher reintervention rate at 24 months (0.17 ± 0.38 vs. 0.12 ± 0.33, P = 0.008). In summary, the present work shows specific gender differences in terms of patient characteristics, defect etiology, defect localization, concomitant therapy, and the choice of cartilage repair procedure. Unexpectedly, contrary to the established scientific opinion, it could be demonstrated that women show relatively better postoperative KOOS increases, despite a higher revision rate and higher subjective dissatisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svea Faber
- OCM–Orthopädische Chirurgie München,
Munich, Germany,Svea Faber, OCM–Orthopädische Chirurgie
München, Steinerstrasse 6, Munich, Bavaria 812306, Germany.
| | | | - Peter Angele
- Sporthopaedicum,
Berlin–Straubing–Regensburg, Straubing, Germany,Klinik für Unfallchirurgie,
Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gunter Spahn
- Praxisklinik Eisenach, Eisenach,
Germany,Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und
Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Zellner
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie,
Caritas-Krankenhaus St. Josef Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Philipp Niemeyer
- OCM–Orthopädische Chirurgie München,
Munich, Germany,Klinik für Orthopädie und Traumatologie,
Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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12
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Keestra SM, Male V, Salali GD. Out of balance: the role of evolutionary mismatches in the sex disparity in autoimmune disease. Med Hypotheses 2021; 151:110558. [PMID: 33964604 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2021.110558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Over the past century autoimmune disease incidence has increased rapidly in (post-) industrialised, affluent societies, suggesting that changes in ecology and lifestyle are driving this development. Epidemiological studies show that (i) 80% of autoimmune disease patients are female, (ii) autoimmune diseases co-occur more often in women, and (iii) the incidence of some autoimmune diseases is increasing faster in women than in men. The female preponderance in autoimmunity is most pronounced between puberty and menopause, suggesting that diverging sex hormone levels during the reproductive years are implicated in autoimmune disease development. Using an evolutionary perspective, we build on the hypotheses that female immunity is cyclical in menstruating species and that natural selection shaped the female immune system to optimise the implantation and gestation of a semi-allogeneic foetus. We propose that cyclical immunomodulation and female immune tolerance mechanisms are currently out of balance because of a mismatch between the conditions under which they evolved and (post-)industrialised, affluent lifestyles. We suggest that current changes in autoimmune disease prevalence may be caused by increases in lifetime exposure to cyclical immunomodulation and ovarian hormone exposure, reduced immune challenges, increased reproductive lifespan, changed reproductive patterns, and enhanced positive energy balance associated with (post-)industrialised, affluent lifestyles. We discuss proximate mechanisms by which oestrogen and progesterone influence tolerance induction and immunomodulation, and review the effect of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and contraceptive use on autoimmune disease incidence and symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarai M Keestra
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Global Health & Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK.
| | - Victoria Male
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
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13
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Kumar A, Palit P, Thomas S, Gupta G, Ghosh P, Goswami RP, Kumar Maity T, Dutta Choudhury M. Osteoarthritis: Prognosis and emerging therapeutic approach for disease management. Drug Dev Res 2020; 82:49-58. [PMID: 32931079 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a disorder of joints, is prevalent in older age. The contemporary cure for OA is aimed to confer symptomatic relief, consisting of temporary pain and swelling relief. In this paper, we discuss various modalities responsible for the onset of OA and associated with its severity. Inhibition of chondrocytes receptors such as DDR2, SDF-1, Asporin, and CXCR4 by specific pharmacological inhibitors attenuates OA, a critical step for finding potential disease modifying drugs. We critically analyzed recent OA studies with an emphasis on intermediate target molecules for OA intervention. We also explored some novel and safe treatments for OA by considering disease prognosis crosstalk with cellular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amresh Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Partha Palit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Sabu Thomas
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Area of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, NIIT University, Neemrana, Rajasthan, India
| | - Parasar Ghosh
- Department of Rheumatology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education &Research, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Tapan Kumar Maity
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Pucha KA, McKinney JM, Fuller JM, Willett NJ. Characterization of OA development between sexes in the rat medial meniscal transection model. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2020; 2:100066. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2020.100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Sex differences in proximal femur shape: findings from a population-based study in adolescents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4612. [PMID: 32165724 PMCID: PMC7067853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hip shape is an important determinant of hip osteoarthritis (OA), which occurs more commonly in women. However, it remains unclear to what extent differences in OA prevalence are attributed to sex differences in hip shape. Here, we explore sex differences in proximal femur shape in a cohort of adolescents. Hip morphology was quantified using hip DXA scans from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Independent modes of variation (hip shape mode (HSM) scores) were generated for each image using an adult reference statistical shape model (N = 19,379). Linear regression was used to examine sex differences for the top ten HSMs, adjusting for age, height, lean and fat mass. Complete outcome and covariate data were available for 4,428 and 4,369 participants at ages 14 and 18 years, respectively. Several HSMs showed sex differences at both time points. The combined effect of sex on hip shape at age 14 reflected flatter femoral head and smaller lesser trochanter in females compared with males and, following adjustment for age and body size, these differences became more pronounced. At age 18, smaller lesser trochanter and femoral neck width (FNW) in females still remained although differences in femoral head, femoral shaft and FNW were largely attenuated following adjustment. Sexual dimorphism in proximal femur shape can be discerned in adolescence and early adulthood. Observed differences in proximal femur shape, particularly at age 14 were largely independent of body size, however to what extent differences in hip shape in early life play a role in predisposing to hip OA in later life remains to be determined.
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Burkard T, Rauch M, Spoendlin J, Prieto-Alhambra D, Jick SS, Meier CR. Risk of hand osteoarthritis in new users of hormone replacement therapy: A nested case-control analysis. Maturitas 2019; 132:17-23. [PMID: 31883658 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the risk of hand osteoarthritis (HOA) associated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study using data from the UKbased Clinical Practice Research Datalink (1998-2017). In the study inception cohort comprised women at age 45. We matched women with incident HOA during follow-up (cases) to osteoarthritisfree controls on age and calendar date (index date, ID), in a ratio of 1:4. We applied conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of HOA associated with new HRT use compared with non-use overall, and for women with recorded menopause we calculated separate ORs according to the time between menopause and HRT initiation (current users), and the time between HRT cessation and the ID (past users), versus non-users. RESULTS There were 3440 cases and 13,760 controls (mean age: 50.9 ± 4.1 years). We observed an adjusted OR (aOR) of HOA of 1.32 (95 % CI 1.17-1.48) in HRT users (versus nonusers), which attenuated to 0.98 (95 % CI 0.85-1.14) in women with recorded menopause. Current users (versus nonusers) who initiated HRT 3 months before or after menopause had an aOR of 0.72 (95 % CI 0.55-0.96), while aORs increased with later HRT initiation. Among past users (versus non-users), we observed an aOR of 1.25 (95 % CI 0.86-1.81) when HRT use was stopped ≤18 months before the ID, approaching the null with increasing duration between HRT cessation and the ID. CONCLUSION Current HRT use was associated with a decreased risk of HOA if initiated around menopause, but the risk reduction disappeared after HRT cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Burkard
- Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marlene Rauch
- Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julia Spoendlin
- Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Prieto-Alhambra
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine (CSM), Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Susan S Jick
- Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Lexington, MA, United States; Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christoph R Meier
- Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Epidemiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Hospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program, Lexington, MA, United States.
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Nemtsova MV, Zaletaev DV, Bure IV, Mikhaylenko DS, Kuznetsova EB, Alekseeva EA, Beloukhova MI, Deviatkin AA, Lukashev AN, Zamyatnin AA. Epigenetic Changes in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Genet 2019; 10:570. [PMID: 31258550 PMCID: PMC6587113 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects about 1% of the world’s population. The etiology of RA remains unknown. It is considered to occur in the presence of genetic and environmental factors. An increasing body of evidence pinpoints that epigenetic modifications play an important role in the regulation of RA pathogenesis. Epigenetics causes heritable phenotype changes that are not determined by changes in the DNA sequence. The major epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone proteins modifications and changes in gene expression caused by microRNAs and other non-coding RNAs. These modifications are reversible and could be modulated by diet, drugs, and other environmental factors. Specific changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications and abnormal expression of non-coding RNAs associated with RA have already been identified. This review focuses on the role of these multiple epigenetic factors in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease, not only in synovial fibroblasts, immune cells, but also in the peripheral blood of patients with RA, which clearly shows their high diagnostic potential and promising targets for therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Nemtsova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Zaletaev
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina V Bure
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Mikhaylenko
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina B Kuznetsova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Alekseeva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Epigenetics, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina I Beloukhova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei A Deviatkin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N Lukashev
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.,A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Abstract
The increase in global lifespan has in turn increased the prevalence of osteoarthritis which is now the most common type of arthritis. Cartilage tissue located on articular joints erodes during osteoarthritis which causes pain and may lead to a crippling loss of function in patients. The pathophysiology of osteoarthritis has been understudied and currently no disease modifying treatments exist. The only current end-point treatment remains joint replacement surgery. The primary risk factor for osteoarthritis is age. Clinical and basic research is now focused on understanding the ageing process of cartilage and its role in osteoarthritis. This chapter will outline the physiology of cartilage tissue, the clinical presentation and treatment options for the disease and the cellular ageing processes which are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease.
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Suyasa IK, Lestari AAW, Setiawan IGNY, Mahadewa TGB, Widyadharma IPE. Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein And Interleukin-6 Plasma As Risk Factors For Symptomatic Lumbar Osteoarthritis In Postmenopausal Women. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:2107-2110. [PMID: 30559869 PMCID: PMC6290444 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine whether elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as risk factors of symptomatic lumbar osteoarthritis (OA) in estrogen deficiency postmenopausal women. METHODS A case-control study was conducted between January and June 2017. The inclusion criteria include post-menopausal women with estrogen deficiency with low back pain. Exclusion criteria were: patients with a history of undergoing bilateral oophorectomy, taking hormonal replacement therapy or corticosteroid, malignancies, and lumbosacral spine trauma. The blood examinations were taken to measure IL-6 level by ELISA, hs-CRP level by spectrophotometry and ESR by modified Westergren method. RESULTS A group of 44 pairs of subjects were divided equally into case and control groups showed that in estrogen deficiency postmenopausal women, an increased level of hs-CRP increased the risk for symptomatic lumbar OA (OR = 2.83, CI95% = 1.065-8.776, p = 0.034). Also, a high level of IL-6 increased the risk of symptomatic lumbar OA (OR = 2.7, CI95% = 0.991-8.320, p = 0.033). No such significant findings were found for an increased ESR level. CONCLUSION Elevated level of plasma hs-CRP and IL-6 were concluded as risk factors for symptomatic lumbar OA in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ketut Suyasa
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Tjokorda Gde Bagus Mahadewa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
| | - I Putu Eka Widyadharma
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia
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Multicomponent Exercise Improves Physical Functioning but Not Cognition and Hemodynamic Parameters in Elderly Osteoarthritis Patients Regardless of Hypertension. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3714739. [PMID: 29721504 PMCID: PMC5867618 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3714739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the impact of a 6-month multicomponent exercise program (MCEP) on physical function, cognition, and hemodynamic parameters of elderly normotensive (NTS) and hypertensive (HTS) osteoarthritis patients. A total of 99 elderly osteoarthritis patients (44 NTS and 55 HTS) were recruited and submitted to functional, cognitive, and hemodynamic evaluations before and after six months of a MCEP. The program of exercise was performed twice a week at moderate intensity. The physical exercises aggregated functional and walking exercises. Results indicate that 6 months of MCEP were able to improve one-leg stand and mobility (walking speeds) of osteoarthritis patients regardless of hypertension. On the other hand, cognitive and hemodynamic parameters were not altered after the MCEP. The findings of the present study demonstrate that 6 months of MCEP were able to improve the physical functioning (i.e., usual and maximal walking speed and balance) of osteoarthritis patients regardless of hypertensive condition.
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21
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease characterized by pain and degenerative lesions of the cartilage, subchondral bone, and other joint tissues. The causes of OA remain incompletely understood. Over the years, it has become recognized that OA is a multifactorial disease. In particular, aging and trauma are the main risk factors identified for the development of OA; however, other factors such as genetic predisposition, obesity, inflammation, gender and hormones, or metabolic syndrome contribute to OA development and lead to a more severe outcome. While this disease mainly affects people older than 60 years, OA developed after joint trauma affects all range ages and has a particular impact on young individuals and people who have highest levels of physical activity such as athletes. Traumatic injury to the joint often results in joint instability or intra-articular fractures which lead to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). In response to injury, several molecular mechanisms are activated, increasing the production and activation of different factors that contribute to the progression of OA.In this chapter, we have focused on the interactions and contribution of the multiple factors involved in joint destruction and progression of OA. In addition, we overview the main changes and molecular mechanisms related to OA pathogenesis.
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Abstract
Menopause occurs naturally in women at about 50 years of age. There is a wealth of data concerning the relationship of menopause to systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis; there are limited data concerning other rheumatic diseases. Age at menopause may affect the risk and course of rheumatic diseases. Osteoporosis, an integral part of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, is made worse by menopause. Hormone replacement therapy has been studied; its effects vary depending on the disease and even different manifestations within the same disease. Cyclophosphamide can induce early menopause, but there is underlying decreased ovarian reserve in rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitali Talsania
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1000 Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Robert Hal Scofield
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1000 Lincoln Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Arthritis & Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 Northeast 13th Street, MS 24, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Medical Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 920 NE 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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23
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Leblanc DR, Schneider M, Angele P, Vollmer G, Docheva D. The effect of estrogen on tendon and ligament metabolism and function. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28629994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Tendons and ligaments are crucial structures inside the musculoskeletal system. Still many issues in the treatment of tendon diseases and injuries have yet not been resolved sufficiently. In particular, the role of estrogen-like compound (ELC) in tendon biology has received until now little attention in modern research, despite ELC being a well-studied and important factor in the physiology of other parts of the musculoskeletal system. In this review we attempt to summarize the available information on this topic and to determine many open questions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Leblanc
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - M Schneider
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - P Angele
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany
| | - G Vollmer
- Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Technical University, Dresden, Germany
| | - D Docheva
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Department of Trauma Surgery, University Regensburg Medical Centre, Regensburg, Germany; Department of Medical Biology, Medical University-Plodiv, Plodiv, Bulgaria.
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Vanichtantikul V, Hongvilai S, Numkarunarunrote N. Tibial cartilage volume measurement in knee osteoarthritis using magnetic resonance imaging. ASIAN BIOMED 2017. [DOI: 10.5372/1905-7415.0901.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cartilage degeneration is considered as the initial defect in osteoarthritis. Measurement of cartilage volume is important to monitor disease progression and therapeutic response.
Objectives
To measure tibial cartilage volume using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to evaluate the accuracy and interobserver reliability of tibial cartilage volume measurement using MRI.
Methods
The outline boundaries of the medial and lateral tibial cartilage were drawn manually on 1 mm slices using a track-ball to calculate the volume of each slice. Total calculated MRI-derived tibial cartilage volume was determined by summation of the slice volumes. The calculated tibial cartilage volume was compared to the actual tibial cartilage volume.
Results
There was a strong correlation between the calculated and actual tibial cartilage volumes determined by a radiologist and a researcher (98% and 89% agreement in medial tibial cartilage, 99% and 97% agreement in lateral tibial cartilage, respectively). High observer reliability was identified (92% agreement in medial tibial cartilage and 97% agreement in lateral tibial cartilage).
Conclusion
Tibial cartilage volume measurement using MRI can be easily performed by well-trained personnel such as radiologists or residents, and can be used to estimate tibial cartilage volume preoperatively in total knee arthroplasty, and to monitor disease progression and response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varalee Vanichtantikul
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology , Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine , Chulalongkorn University , King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
| | - Sarit Hongvilai
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology , Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine , Chulalongkorn University , King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
| | - Numphung Numkarunarunrote
- Division of Diagnostic Radiology , Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine , Chulalongkorn University , King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital , Bangkok 10330 , Thailand
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Menopause is associated with articular cartilage degeneration: a clinical study of knee joint in 860 women. Menopause 2016; 23:1239-1246. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Komatsu D, Hasegawa Y, Kojima T, Seki T, Higuchi Y, Ishiguro N. Absence of a relationship between joint space narrowing and osteophyte formation in early knee osteoarthritis among Japanese community-dwelling elderly individuals: A cross-sectional study. Mod Rheumatol 2016; 27:675-682. [PMID: 27739350 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2016.1232775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Joint space narrowing and osteophyte formation, radiographic features of knee osteoarthritis (OA), are not necessarily synchronous processes. We evaluated the relationship between medial minimum joint space width (mJSW) and osteophyte formation. METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of 1050 individuals (424 males; 626 females; mean age 64.9 years) who underwent knee radiography as part of a health screening program, between 2011 and 2013. mJSW and tibial osteophyte area (OF) were quantified using automated software. The mJSW range was subdivided into tertiles, and OF, mJSW, and quality of life (QOL) were compared among them. Correlation between OF and mJSW was evaluated. RESULTS In females, OF was largest and correlated with mJSW only in the lowest tertile group. Patients in the lowest mJSW tertile group had a lower QOL and higher pain than those in the other two groups. Based on our generalized additive models and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, an mJSW cutoff point of 3.5 mm was apparent in females, with no significant cutoff identified in males. CONCLUSIONS OF correlates with mJSW below a cutoff value of about 3.5 mm in females. OA symptoms, namely physical function impairment and pain, increases significantly as mJSW decreases below the cutoff. .
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yukiharu Hasegawa
- b Department of Hip and Knee Reconstructive Surgery , Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine , Showa-ku Nagoya , Aichi , Japan
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Lee GJ, Cho IA, Kang KR, Kim DK, Sohn HM, You JW, Oh JS, Seo YS, Yu SJ, You JS, Kim CS, Kim SG, Im HJ, Kim JS. Biological Effects of the Herbal Plant-Derived Phytoestrogen Bavachin in Primary Rat Chondrocytes. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 38:1199-207. [PMID: 26235583 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b15-00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the anabolic and anticatabolic functions of bavachin in primary rat chondrocytes. With bavachin treatment, chondrocytes survived for 21 d without cell proliferation, and the proteoglycan content and extracellular matrix increased. Short-term monolayer culture of chondrocytes showed that gene induction of both aggrecan and collagen type II, major extracellular matrix components, was significantly upregulated by bavachin. The expression and activities of cartilage-degrading enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinases and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs were inhibited significantly by bavachin, while tissue inhibitors of metalloprotease were significantly upregulated. Bavachin inhibits the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, a representative catabolic factor, and downregulated the expression of nitric oxide, cyclooxygenase-2, and prostaglandin E2 in a dose-dependent manner in chondrocytes. Our results suggest that the bavachin has anabolic and potent anticatabolic biological effects on chondrocytes, which may have considerable promise in treating articular cartilage degeneration in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong-Je Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Chosun University
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Can We Identify Patients with High Risk of Osteoarthritis Progression Who Will Respond to Treatment? A Focus on Biomarkers and Frailty. Drugs Aging 2015; 32:525-35. [PMID: 26085027 PMCID: PMC4516900 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-015-0276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a disease affecting different patient phenotypes, appears as an optimal candidate for personalized healthcare. The aim of the discussions of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) working group was to explore the value of markers of different sources in defining different phenotypes of patients with OA. The ESCEO organized a series of meetings to explore the possibility of identifying patients who would most benefit from treatment for OA, on the basis of recent data and expert opinion. In the first meeting, patient phenotypes were identified according to the number of affected joints, biomechanical factors, and the presence of lesions in the subchondral bone. In the second meeting, summarized in the present article, the working group explored other markers involved in OA. Profiles of patients may be defined according to their level of pain, functional limitation, and presence of coexistent chronic conditions including frailty status. A considerable amount of data suggests that magnetic resonance imaging may also assist in delineating different phenotypes of patients with OA. Among multiple biochemical biomarkers identified, none is sufficiently validated and recognized to identify patients who should be treated. Considerable efforts are also being made to identify genetic and epigenetic factors involved in OA, but results are still limited. The many potential biomarkers that could be used as potential stratifiers are promising, but more research is needed to characterize and qualify the existing biomarkers and to identify new candidates.
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Abedinzade M, Nasri S, Jamal Omodi M, Ghasemi E, Ghorbani A. Efficacy of Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed Extract in Reducing Metabolic and Inflammatory Alterations Associated With Menopause. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e26685. [PMID: 26732240 PMCID: PMC4698329 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.26685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: Several experimental and clinical studies support beneficial effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) in the management of metabolic diseases and inflammatory disorders. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of T. foenum-graecum seed extract in reducing the metabolic and inflammatory alternations associated with menopause. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 49 rats were divided into seven groups: (I) sham-control, (II) ovariectomized-control, (III and IV) ovariectomized treated with 50 and 150 mg/kg of T. foenum-graecum seed ethanolic extract, (V and VI) ovariectomized treated with 50 and 150 mg/kg of T. foenum-graecum hexanic extract, (VII) ovariectomized-positive control treated with 10 µg/kg of estradiol. The extracts were injected intraperitoneally one day after ovariectomy and the treatments were lasted for 42 days. Results: Fasting blood glucose and body weight gain increased significantly in the ovariectomized-control group compared with that in the sham animals (P < 0.05). Administration of estradiol and T. foenum-graecum (50 and 150 mg/dL of hexanic extract and 150 mg/kg of ethanolic extract) significantly diminished the increase in glucose and body weight (P < 0.05). The serum level of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the ovariectomized control group was significantly higher than those in the sham animals (P < 0.05). Both hexanic and ethanolic extracts as well as estradiol were able to decrease level of these cytokines in the serum of ovariectomized rats (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of the present study show that administration of T. foenum-graecum corrects metabolic and inflammatory alterations associated with ovariectomy and has a potential for the management of menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Abedinzade
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Paramedical School, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, IR Iran
| | - Sima Nasri
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Sima Nasri, Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-9123277539, Fax: +98-2188948995, E-mail:
| | | | - Elham Ghasemi
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghorbani
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran
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Hand osteoarthritis, menopause and menopausal hormone therapy. Maturitas 2015; 83:13-8. [PMID: 26471929 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the commonest musculoskeletal conditions, primarily affecting women over the age of 50, typically around the age of the menopause. Symptomatic disease can give rise to substantial pain, impairment of hand function and quality of life, leading to significant socioeconomic cost. There is currently no disease-modifying therapy, representing a huge unmet clinical need. The evidence for a relationship between hand OA and the menopause is summarised. Whether there is evidence for an effect of menopausal hormonal therapy on the incidence, prevalence or severity of symptomatic hand OA is critically reviewed, and gaps in our knowledge identified. Lastly, the potential mechanisms by which estrogen, or newer agents such as SERMs, might act to interfere with disease pathogenesis are overviewed. The need for specifically designed, controlled trials of agents in cohorts with symptomatic hand OA, refractory to standard symptomatic management is highlighted.
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Xia LU, He H, Guo H, Qing Y, He CQ. Effects of ultrasound on estradiol level, bone mineral density, bone biomechanics and matrix metalloproteinase-13 expression in ovariectomized rabbits. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1429-1436. [PMID: 26622502 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to observe the effect of ultrasound (US) on estradiol level, bone mineral density (BMD), bone biomechanics and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) expression in ovariectomized (OVX) rabbits. A total of 28 virgin New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned into the following groups: Control (control group), ovariectomy (OVX group), ovariectomy with ultrasound therapy (US group) and ovariectomy with estrogen replacement therapy group (ERT group). At 8 weeks after ovariectomy, the US group received ultrasound treatment while the ERT group were orally treated with conjugated estrogens, and the control and OVX groups remained untreated. The estradiol level, BMD and bone biomechanics, cartilage histology and the MMP-13 expression were analyzed after the intervention. The results indicate that the US treatment increased estradiol level, BMD and bone biomechanical function. Furthermore, the US treatment appeared to improve the recovery of cartilage morphology and decreased the expression of MMP-13 in OVX models. Furthermore, the results suggest that 10 days of US therapy was sufficient to prevent the reduction of estradiol, BMD and bone biomechanical function, to protect osteoarthritis cartilage structure, and to reduce MMP-13 transcription and expression in OVX rabbits. Therefore, US treatment may be a potential treatment for postmenopausal osteoarthritis and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L U Xia
- Department of Rehabilitation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China ; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hongchen He
- Department of Rehabilitation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China ; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China ; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi Qing
- Department of Rehabilitation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China ; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Qi He
- Department of Rehabilitation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China ; Rehabilitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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Hoxha F, Tafaj A, Roshi E, Burazeri G. Distribution of Risk Factors in Male and Female Primary Health Care Patients with Osteoarthritis in Albania. Med Arch 2015; 69:145-8. [PMID: 26261379 PMCID: PMC4500384 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2015.69.145-148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to describe the distribution of the main risk factors among primary health care users diagnosed with osteoarthritis in Albania, a post-communist country in South Eastern Europe. Methods: Our study involved all individuals who were diagnosed with osteoarthritis over a two-year period (January 2013 – December 2014) in several primary health care centers in Tirana, the Albanian capital. On the whole, during this two-year period, 1179 adult individuals were diagnosed with osteoarthritis (521 men aged 60.1±10.6 years and 658 women aged 58.1±9.6 years). According to the criteria of the American College of Rheumatology, the diagnosis of osteoarthritis was based on the history of the disease, physical examination, laboratory findings and radiological findings. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the sex-differences regarding the major risk factors among individuals diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Results: In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, female gender was inversely associated with smoking (OR=0.39, 95%CI=0.27-0.56), alcohol intake (OR=0.08, 95%CI=0.06-0.10), overweight but not obesity (OR=0.65, 95%CI=0.46-0.91 and OR=0.74, 95%CI=0.46-1.18, respectively), weight lifting (OR=0.38, 95%CI=0.22-0.66) and heavy physical exercise (OR=0.69, 95%CI=0.46-1.03). Conversely, female gender was positively related to genetic factors (OR=2.17, 95%CI=1.55-3.04) and preexisting inflammatory diseases (OR=1.53, 95%CI=0.93-2.53). Conclusion: This study offers useful evidence about the distribution of the main risk factors for osteoarthritis in adult individuals diagnosed with osteoarthritis in Albania. This information may support health professionals and decision-makers in Albania for evidence-based health planning and policy formulation in order to control the toll of osteoarthritis in this transitional society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Genc Burazeri
- Department of International Health, School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Efficacy of Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed Extract in Reducing Metabolic and Inflammatory Alterations Associated With Menopause. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.17(5)2015.26685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pera A, Campos C, López N, Hassouneh F, Alonso C, Tarazona R, Solana R. Immunosenescence: Implications for response to infection and vaccination in older people. Maturitas 2015; 82:50-5. [PMID: 26044074 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
People aged 60 and older represent over 11% of the world population and it is expected to rise 22% by 2050. Population aging is associated to an increased frequency of age-related diseases including higher susceptibility to infections, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Immunosenescence refers to the decline of the immune system associated to aging. It affects both, innate and adaptive immunity limiting the response to pathogens and to vaccines. The analyses of the immune system in elderly individuals determined several immune signatures constituting an immune risk phenotype that predicts mortality. An inverse CD4/CD8 ratio, loss of naïve T cells, increased numbers of terminally-differentiated T cells and oligoclonal expansions of virus-specific T cells constitute hallmarks of immunosenescence. Natural killer (NK) cells are also found severely altered in the elderly. The contribution of latent cytomegalovirus infection to immunosenescence of T and NK cells has been shown. Considering the worldwide ageing of the population in the next decades, the impact of infections will be a real health problem for older individuals requiring preventive strategies. Thus, further studies are required to analyse the bases of immunosenescence and to establish protocols to overcome the age-associated alterations of the immune response in order to define effective vaccines against those pathogens, such as influenza, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Pera
- Department of Immunology, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, REIPI, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Campos
- Department of Immunology, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, REIPI, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Nelson López
- Department of Immunology, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, REIPI, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Fakhri Hassouneh
- Department of Immunology, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, REIPI, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Corona Alonso
- Department of Immunology, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, REIPI, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Rafael Solana
- Department of Immunology, IMIBIC, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, REIPI, Cordoba, Spain.
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Gao WL, Wu LS, Zi JH, Wu B, Li YZ, Song YC, Cai DZ. Measurement of serum estrogen and estrogen metabolites in pre- and postmenopausal women with osteoarthritis using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 48:146-53. [PMID: 25410577 PMCID: PMC4321220 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20144129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although 17β-estradiol (E2) deficiency has been linked to the development of osteoarthritis (OA) in middle-aged women, there are few studies relating other estrogens and estrogen metabolites (EMs) to this condition. We developed a high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method to measure the levels of six EMs (i.e., estrone, E2, estriol, 2-hydroxyestrone, 2-hydroxyestradiol, and 16a-hydroxyestrone) in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women and women with OA. This method had a precision ranging from 1.1 to 3.1% and a detection limit ranging from 10 to 15 pg. Compared to healthy women, serum-free E2 was lower in the luteal and postmenopausal phases in women with OA, and total serum E2 was lower in postmenopausal women with OA. Moreover, compared to healthy women, total serum 2-hydroxyestradiol was higher in postmenopausal women with OA and total serum 2-hydroxyestrone was lower in both the luteal and follicular phases in women with OA. In conclusion, our HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method allowed the measurement of multiple biochemical targets in a single assay, and, given its increased cost-effectiveness, simplicity, and speed relative to previous methods, this method is suitable for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - L S Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - J H Zi
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - B Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Linyi, China
| | - Y Z Li
- Guangdong Institute for Drug Control, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Y C Song
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - D Z Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Li G, Yin J, Gao J, Cheng TS, Pavlos NJ, Zhang C, Zheng MH. Subchondral bone in osteoarthritis: insight into risk factors and microstructural changes. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 15:223. [PMID: 24321104 PMCID: PMC4061721 DOI: 10.1186/ar4405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 470] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major cause of disability in the adult population. As a
progressive degenerative joint disorder, OA is characterized by cartilage damage,
changes in the subchondral bone, osteophyte formation, muscle weakness, and
inflammation of the synovium tissue and tendon. Although OA has long been viewed as a
primary disorder of articular cartilage, subchondral bone is attracting increasing
attention. It is commonly reported to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of OA.
Subchondral bone sclerosis, together with progressive cartilage degradation, is
widely considered as a hallmark of OA. Despite the increase in bone volume fraction,
subchondral bone is hypomineralized, due to abnormal bone remodeling. Some
histopathological changes in the subchondral bone have also been detected, including
microdamage, bone marrow edema-like lesions and bone cysts. This review summarizes
basic features of the osteochondral junction, which comprises subchondral bone and
articular cartilage. Importantly, we discuss risk factors influencing subchondral
bone integrity. We also focus on the microarchitectural and histopathological changes
of subchondral bone in OA, and provide an overview of their potential contribution to
the progression of OA. A hypothetical model for the pathogenesis of OA is
proposed.
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The biological effects of sex hormones on rabbit articular chondrocytes from different genders. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:932737. [PMID: 24995337 PMCID: PMC4065657 DOI: 10.1155/2014/932737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the biological effects of sex hormones (17β-estradiol and testosterone) on rabbit articular chondrocytes from different genders. We cultured primary rabbit articular chondrocytes from both genders with varying concentration of sex hormones. We evaluate cell proliferation and biochemical functions by MTT and GAG assay. The chondrocyte function and phenotypes were analyzed by mRNA level using RT-PCR. Immunocytochemical staining was also used to evaluate the generation of collagen-II. This study demonstrated that 17β-estradiol had greater positive regulation on the biological function and gene expressions of articular chondrocytes than testosterone, with the optimal concentrations of 10−6 and 10−7 M, particularly for female chondrocytes.
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Schicht M, Ernst J, Nielitz A, Fester L, Tsokos M, Guddat SS, Bräuer L, Bechmann J, Delank KS, Wohlrab D, Paulsen F, Claassen H. Articular cartilage chondrocytes express aromatase and use enzymes involved in estrogen metabolism. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R93. [PMID: 24725461 PMCID: PMC4060203 DOI: 10.1186/ar4539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sex hormones, especially estrogens, have been implicated in articular cartilage metabolism and the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoarthritis. The conversion by aromatase (CYP19A1) of androstenedione into estrone (E1) and of testosterone into 17β-estradiol (E2) plays a key role in the endogenous synthesis of estrogens in tissue. Methods We analyzed the expression of aromatase (CYP19A1) in immortalized C-28/I2 and T/C-28a2 chondrocytes, as well as in cultured primary human articular chondrocytes and human articular cartilage tissue, by means of RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. By means of quantitative RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we also determined whether the aromatase inhibitor letrozole influences estrogen metabolism of cultured chondrocytes in immortalized C-28/I2 chondrocytes. Results Aromatase mRNA was detected in both immortalized chondrocyte cell lines, in cultured primary human chondrocytes, and in human articular cartilage tissue. By means of Western blot analysis, aromatase was detected at the protein level in articular cartilage taken from various patients of both sexes and different ages. Cultured primary human articular chondrocytes, C-28/I2 and T/C-28a2, and human articular cartilage tissue reacted with antibodies for aromatase. Incubation of C-28/I2 chondrocytes with 10−11 M to 10−7 M letrozole as an aromatase inhibitor revealed significantly increased amounts of the mRNAs of the enzyme cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1), which is involved in the catagen estrogen metabolism, and of the estrogen receptors ER-α and ER-β. Concomitantly, synthesis of estrone (E1) was significantly downregulated after incubation with letrozole. Conclusions We demonstrate that human articular cartilage expresses aromatase at the mRNA and protein levels. Blocking of estrone synthesis by the aromatase inhibitor letrozole is counteracted by an increase in ER-α and ER-β. In addition, CYP1A1, an enzyme involved in catabolic estrogen metabolism, is upregulated. This suggests that articular chondrocytes use ERs functionally. The role of endogenous synthesized estrogens in articular cartilage health remains to be elucidated.
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Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Davatchi F, Jamshidi AR, Faezi T, Paragomi P, Barghamdi M. Prevalence of osteoarthritis in rural areas of Iran: a WHO-ILAR COPCORD study. Int J Rheum Dis 2014; 17:384-8. [PMID: 24618176 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To estimate the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) of different joints in rural areas of Iran. METHODS From five villages of Tuyserkan County, 1565 individuals were randomly selected and were interviewed to complete the Community Oriented Programme for Control of the Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) Core Questionnaire. Among these cases 1192 cases with rheumatic complaints were examined by a rheumatologist and laboratory and radiology tests were performed if necessary for the diagnosis. Definition of OA in various joints, were based on American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. RESULTS About 20% of the study population had OA in at least one of their joints. Prevalence of OA in the knee joint was 19.34%, in hand joins was 2.66% and in the neck was 2.21%. The most common findings on physical examination of patients with knee OA, hand OA and neck OA were bony crepitus (88.9%), Heberden's nodes (73.2%) and pain on movement (59.9%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that OA in rural areas of Iran was more frequent in comparison with urban areas of Iran. Moreover, the prevalence of OA in rural areas of Iran was higher in comparison with prevalence of OA in rural areas of other Asian countries. Similar to previous studies OA was more frequently detected in the knee joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ganasegeran K, Menke JM, Challakere Ramaswamy VM, Abdul Manaf R, Alabsi AM, Al-Dubai SAR. Level and determinants of knowledge of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis among railway workers in Malaysia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:370273. [PMID: 24701573 PMCID: PMC3950488 DOI: 10.1155/2014/370273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, an ancient malady greatly impairing modern population quality of life, has stimulated global attention to find effective modes of prevention and intervention. PURPOSE This study aimed to assess factors affecting knowledge of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (knee OA) among Malaysian railway workers. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 513 railway workers involving eight major states within Peninsular Malaysia using population-based sampling. The assessment instrument was a face-validated, prepiloted, self-administered instrument with sociodemographics and knowledge items on knee OA. RESULTS Mean (± SD) age of the respondents was 41.4 (± 10.7), with the majority aged 50 years or older (34.9%). Of the total respondents, 53.6% had low levels of knowledge of knee OA disease. Multivariate analysis found that four demographic predictors, age ≥ 50 years, family history of knee OA, self-awareness, and clinical diagnosis of the disease entity, were significantly associated with knowledge scores. CONCLUSION The finding of a low level knee OA knowledge among Malaysian railway workers points to an urgent need for massive information to be disseminated among the workers at risk to foster primary prevention and self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurubaran Ganasegeran
- International Medical School, Management and Science University (MSU), Shah Alam 40100 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - J. Michael Menke
- International Medical University (IMU), 57000 Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Rizal Abdul Manaf
- Community Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aied M. Alabsi
- Department Oral Biology and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya (UM), 50603 Petaling Jaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sami Abdo Radman Al-Dubai
- Department of Community Medicine, International Medical University (IMU), 57000 Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Role of hormones in cartilage and joint metabolism: understanding an unhealthy metabolic phenotype in osteoarthritis. Menopause 2014; 20:578-86. [PMID: 23615651 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3182745993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Joint health is affected by local and systemic hormones. It is well accepted that systemic factors regulate the metabolism of joint tissues, and that substantial cross-talk between tissues actively contributes to homeostasis. In the current review, we try to define a subtype of osteoarthritis (OA), metabolic OA, which is dependent on an unhealthy phenotype. METHODS Peer-reviewed research articles and reviews were reviewed and summarized. Only literature readily available online, either by download or by purchase order, was included. RESULTS OA is the most common joint disease and is more common in women after menopause. OA is a disease that affects the whole joint, including cartilage, subchondral bone, synovium, tendons, and muscles. The clinical endpoints of OA are pain and joint space narrowing, which is characterized by cartilage erosion and subchondral sclerosis, suggesting that cartilage is a central tissue of joint health. Thus, the joint, more specifically the cartilage, may be considered a target of endocrine function in addition to the well-described traditional risk factors of disease initiation and progression such as long-term loading of the joint due to obesity. Metabolic syndrome affects a range of tissues and may in part be molecularly described as a dysregulation of cytokines, adipokines, and hormones (e.g., estrogen and thyroid hormone). Consequently, metabolic imbalance may both directly and indirectly influence joint health and cartilage turnover, altering the progression of diseases such as OA. CONCLUSIONS There is substantial evidence for a connection between metabolic health and development of OA. We propose that more focus be directed to understanding this connection to improve the management of menopausal health and associated comorbidities.
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Prieto-Alhambra D, Judge A, Javaid MK, Cooper C, Diez-Perez A, Arden NK. Incidence and risk factors for clinically diagnosed knee, hip and hand osteoarthritis: influences of age, gender and osteoarthritis affecting other joints. Ann Rheum Dis 2013; 73:1659-64. [PMID: 23744977 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 487] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Data on the incidence of symptomatic osteoarthritis (OA) are scarce. We estimated incidence of clinical hip, knee and hand OA, and studied the effect of prevalent OA on joint-specific incident OA. METHODS SIDIAP contains primary care records for>5 million people from Catalonia (Spain). Participants aged ≥40 years with an incident diagnosis of knee, hip or hand OA between 2006 and 2010 were identified using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes. Incidence rates and female-to-male rate ratios (RRs) for each joint site were calculated. Age, gender and body mass index-adjusted HR for future joint-specific OA according to prevalent OA at other sites were estimated using Cox regression. RESULTS 3 266 826 participants were studied for a median of 4.45 years. Knee and hip OA rates increased continuously with age, and female-to-male RRs were highest at age 70-75 years. In contrast, female hand OA risk peaked at age 60-64 years, and corresponding female-to-male RR was highest at age 50-55 years. Adjusted HR for prevalent knee OA on risk of hip OA was 1.35 (99% CI 1.28 to 1.43); prevalent hip OA on incident knee OA: HR 1.15 (1.08 to 1.23). Prevalent hand OA predicted incident knee and hip OA: HR 1.20 (1.14 to 1.26) and 1.23 (1.13 to 1.34), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The effect of age is greatest in the elderly for knee and hip OA, but around the menopause for hand OA. OA clusters within individuals, with higher risk of incident knee and hip disease from prevalent lower limb and hand OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Prieto-Alhambra
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal BRU, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK GREMPAL Research Group, IDIAP Jordi Gol Primary Care Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK URFOA-IMIM and RETICEF, Parc Salut Mar & Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew Judge
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal BRU, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - M Kassim Javaid
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal BRU, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal BRU, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Adolfo Diez-Perez
- URFOA-IMIM and RETICEF, Parc Salut Mar & Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nigel K Arden
- Oxford NIHR Musculoskeletal BRU, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
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(18F)Fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose uptake of knee joints in the aspect of age-related osteoarthritis: a case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2013; 14:141. [PMID: 23607872 PMCID: PMC3648368 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) uptake at knee joints for determination of metabolic alteration in association with the advance of age and joint degeneration such as osteoarthritis (OA). Methods A total of 166 knees from 83 healthy persons who presented for routine health examination and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) were enrolled in this study. History of knee OA and joint symptoms and signs were reviewed. The maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) of cartilage and mean SUV (SUVmean) between the epiphyseal plates of femur and tibia were evaluated at knee joints. Assessment of radiological bony changes was performed using the Kallgren-Lawrence (K/L) grading system with reconstructed CT images of the knee. The joint symptoms and signs were counted and used for diagnosis of clinical and radiological OA of the knee. Results The SUVmean of the knee joints showed a remarkable increase with aging in females (r = 0.503, p < 0.01). Remarkable changes of SUVmean were observed with history of OA (p < 0.01). The SUVmean of joint and the intra-articular SUVmax showed higher values in clinical and radiological OA than in normal joints (p < 0.01). Joint-SUVmean showed significant correlation with OA severity graded according to K/L score (p < 0.05). The intra-articular SUVmax showed a significant increase in symptomatic joints, indicating OA in correlation with the joint-SUVmean (p = 0.01). Conclusions The increasing 18F-FDG uptakes of knee joints showed agreement with aging in females and clinical and radiological knee OA, indicating that the metabolic alterations were consistent with diagnosis and demographic aspect of OA as a surrogate marker for degeneration of the knee in association with aging.
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Toesca A, Pagnotta A, Zumbo A, Sadun R. Estrogen and progesterone receptors in carpal tunnel syndrome. Cell Biol Int 2013; 32:75-9. [PMID: 17951080 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellbi.2007.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Revised: 04/30/2007] [Accepted: 08/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Toesca
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Catholic University, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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Jin WJ, Jiang SD, Jiang LS, Dai LY. Differential responsiveness to 17β-estradiol of mesenchymal stem cells from postmenopausal women between osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:2469-78. [PMID: 22159632 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1859-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Differential osteogenic potential and responsiveness to 17β-estradiol (E2) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were found between postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA). These results suggest differential biological mechanisms of estrogen deficiency in regulation of bone remodeling between OP and OA. INTRODUCTION OP and OA are two common disorders in postmenopausal women. The inverse relationship has been suggested between OP and OA, but their mechanisms that relate to estrogen deficiency are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to compare the differential responsiveness to E2 of MSCs from osteoporotic versus osteoarthritic donors. METHODS Twenty postmenopausal patients, ten with osteoporotic hip fractures and ten with hip osteoarthritis, were included into this study. MSCs were derived from cancellous bones of femoral heads from OA and OP donors and cultured in osteogenic and adipogenic medium with or without E2 added. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium content, calcified nodules, lipid droplets, messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of ALP, osteocalcin (OC), collagen 1α (COL1α), peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ2 (PPARγ2) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) were measured and compared between two groups with OP and OA. RESULTS In osteogenic medium, ALP activity, calcium content and mRNA expression of OC and COL1α in MSCs from OA were significantly higher than those from OP group. In adipogenic condition, there was no significant difference in lipid droplets formation and mRNA expression of PPARγ2 and LPL between OP and OA groups. With E2 added in osteogenic medium, ALP activity, calcium content and OC mRNA were significantly higher in OP group than in OA group, whereas E2 had no significant effect on lipid droplet formation and mRNA expression of PPARγ2 and LPL. CONCLUSION Differential osteogenic potential and responsiveness to E2 of MSCs were found between postmenopausal women with OP and OA. These results may provide information for clinical application of MSCs in the differential setting of estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-J Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yu S, Sun L, Liu L, Jiao K, Wang M. Differential expression of IGF1, IGFR1 and IGFBP3 in mandibular condylar cartilage between male and female rats applied with malocclusion. J Oral Rehabil 2012; 39:727-36. [PMID: 22758598 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2012.02332.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the expression differences of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1), IGF type 1 receptor (IGFR1) and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) in mandibular condylar cartilage between male and female rats with experimentally created malocclusion. A total of 40 male and 40 female rats were used, and malocclusion was created by moving the first molars mesially and the third molars distally in the experimental group. Animals were killed at the end of the second and fourth weeks. Haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was performed to monitor the changes in cartilage morphology and thickness. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of IGF1, IGFR1 and IGFBP3. Osteoarthritis (OA)-like changes were observed in the experimental groups, with 2-week females showing larger OA-like regions than 2-week males (P < 0·05). Compared to their age- and sex-matched controls, both 2- and 4-week males in the experimental groups displayed increased cartilage thickness in the posterior regions (P < 0·05). Compared to their age- and sex-matched controls, the expression of IGF1 was lower in 2-week female group (P < 0·05), but higher in 4-week female, 2- and 4-week male experimental groups (P < 0.05). Similarly, the expression of IGFR1 was lower in 2-week female experimental group (P < 0.05), but higher in 2-week male experimental group (P < 0.05). The higher expression of IGFBP3 was observed in 2-week female, 2- and 4-week male experimental groups (P < 0·05). These results indicate that condylar cartilage from male and female rats respond differently to the malocclusion in early stage of OA, with more serious degeneration in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yu
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Stevenson JC. A woman's journey through the reproductive, transitional and postmenopausal periods of life: Impact on cardiovascular and musculo-skeletal risk and the role of estrogen replacement. Maturitas 2011; 70:197-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Impact of sex hormones, insulin, growth factors and peptides on cartilage health and disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 45:239-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proghi.2010.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the United States. Symptomatic knee OA occurs in 10% men and 13% in women aged 60 years or older. The number of people affected with symptomatic OA is likely to increase due to the aging of the population and the obesity epidemic. OA has a multifactorial etiology, and can be considered the product of an interplay between systemic and local factors. Old age, female gender, overweight and obesity, knee injury, repetitive use of joints, bone density, muscle weakness, and joint laxity all play roles in the development of joint OA, particularly in the weight-bearing joints. Modifying these factors may reduce the risk of OA and prevent subsequent pain and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118, USA.
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