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Mach M, Płachta Ł, Wydro P. Study of the correlation between the structure of selected triester of phosphatidylcholine and their impact on physicochemical properties of model mammalian membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184254. [PMID: 37989397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2023.184254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Cationic lipids are synthetic compounds of amphiphilic character used in Drug Delivery Systems (DDS), especially in gene therapy, as the carriers of genetic material. As it is known, the main limitation of the application of cationic lipids in DDS is their high cytotoxicity after in vivo administration and low bioactivity. This is probably related to not fully known the relationship between the lipid structure and its activity as well as the mechanism of lipofection or drug delivery. Therefore, in this work we determined the impact of a selected group of cationic lipids - triesters of phosphatidylcholine (Et-PCs) - differing in their hydrophobic structure on model mammalian membranes. In the research, as model systems, Langmuir monolayers and liposomes were applied. It was shown that the incorporation of Et-PCs into model mammalian membranes weakens interactions between lipids, causing the increase of fluidity, disordering degree and permeability of membrane. The destabilization of the membrane in this way can facilitate the entry of drugs, carried inside cationic liposomes, into the pathological cell. Moreover, the studies prove that the structure of the hydrophobic part of cationic lipids also affects the properties of lipid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Mach
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Łukasz Płachta
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; Jagiellonian University, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Prof. Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paweł Wydro
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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2
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Pan P, Liu X, Fang M, Yang S, Zhang Y, Li M, Liu Y. Silk Fibroin-Modified Liposome/Gene Editing System Knocks out the PLK1 Gene to Suppress the Growth of Lung Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2756. [PMID: 38140096 PMCID: PMC10747280 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15122756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Polo-like protein kinase 1 (PLK1) plays a key role in lung cancer cell mitosis. The knockout of PLK1 gene by the CRISPR-Cas9 system can effectively inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells, but there is no suitable vector for in vivo delivery. In this study, CRISPR-Cas9 gene knockout plasmids encoding sgRNA, Cas9 and green fluorescent protein were constructed. Then, the plasmids were packaged with liposome (Lip) and cholesterol-modified Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin (CASF) to obtain the CASF/Lip/pDNA ternary complex. The CASF/Lip/pDNA complex was transfected into lung cancer cells A549 to investigate the transfection efficiency, the PLK1 gene knockout effect and the inhibitory effect on lung cancer cells. The results showed that the transfection efficiency of the CASF/Lip/pDNA complex was significantly higher than that of the Lip/pDNA binary complex, and the expression of PLK1 in cells transfected with CASF/Lip/pDNA complexes was significantly lower than that in cells transfected with Lip/pDNA complexes. The CASF/Lip/pDNA complex significantly increased the apoptosis rate and decreased the proliferation activity of lung cancer cells compared with Lip/pDNA complexes. The cytotoxicity of the complexes was evaluated by coculture with the human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS2B. The results showed that CASF/Lip/pDNA complexes exhibited lower cytotoxicity than Lip/pDNA complexes. The fibroin-modified liposome/PLK1 gene knockout system not only effectively inhibited the growth of lung cancer cells but also showed no obvious toxicity to normal cells, showing potential for clinical application in lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mingzhong Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (P.P.); (X.L.); (M.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yu Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (P.P.); (X.L.); (M.F.); (S.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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3
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Nanotechnology for DNA and RNA delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818627-5.00008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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Sahu R, Jha S, Pattanayak SP. Therapeutic silencing of mTOR by systemically administered siRNA-loaded neutral liposomal nanoparticles inhibits DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:2207-2219. [PMID: 36261586 PMCID: PMC9726943 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammary carcinogenesis possesses great challenges due to the lack of effectiveness of the multiple therapeutic options available. Gene therapy-based cancer treatment strategy provides more targeting accuracy, fewer side effects, and higher therapeutic efficiency. Downregulation of the oncogene mTOR by mTOR-siRNA is an encouraging approach to reduce cancer progression. However, its employment as means of therapeutic strategy has been restricted due to the unavailability of a suitable delivery system. METHODS A suitable nanocarrier system made up of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) has been developed to prevent degradation and for proficient delivery of siRNA. This was followed by in vitro and in vivo anti-breast cancer efficiency analysis of the mTOR siRNA-loaded neutral liposomal formulation (NL-mTOR-siRNA). RESULTS In our experiment, a profound reduction in MCF-7 cell growth, proliferation and invasion was ascertained following extensive downregulation of mTOR expression. NL-mTOR-siRNA suppressed tumour growth and restored morphological alterations of DMBA-induced breast cancer. In addition, neutral liposome enhanced accumulation of siRNA in mammary cancer tissues facilitating its deep cytosolic distribution within the tumour, which allows apoptosis thereby facilitating its anti-tumour potential. CONCLUSION Hence, the current study highlighted the augmented ground for therapies aiming toward cancerous cells to diminish mTOR expression by RNAi in managing mammary carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roja Sahu
- Division of Advanced Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT), Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835 215, India
| | - Shivesh Jha
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology (BIT), Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835 215, India
| | - Shakti Prasad Pattanayak
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Science, Central University of South Bihar (Gaya), Gaya, Bihar, 824 236, India.
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5
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Chew BC, Liew FF, Tan HW, Chung I. Chemical Advances in Therapeutic Application of Exosomes and Liposomes. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4445-4473. [PMID: 35189798 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220221094044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes and liposomes are vesicular nanoparticles that can encapsulate functional cargo. The chemical similarities between naturally occurring exosomes and synthetic liposomes have accelerated the development of exosome mimetics as a therapeutic drug delivery platform under physiological and pathological environments. To maximise the applications of exosomes and liposomes in the clinical setting, it is essential to look into their basic chemical properties and utilise these characteristics to optimise the preparation, loading, modification and hybridisation. This review summarises the chemical and biological properties of both exosomal and liposomal systems as well as some of the challenges related to their production and application. This article concludes with a discussion on potential perspectives for the integration of exosomal and liposomal technologies in mapping better approaches for their biomedical use, especially in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boon Cheng Chew
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fong Fong Liew
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jalan SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610 Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hsiao Wei Tan
- Institute of Research Management and Services, Research and Innovation Management Complex, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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6
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Ndeupen S, Qin Z, Jacobsen S, Bouteau A, Estanbouli H, Igyártó BZ. The mRNA-LNP platform's lipid nanoparticle component used in preclinical vaccine studies is highly inflammatory. iScience 2021; 24:103479. [PMID: 34841223 PMCID: PMC8604799 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines based on mRNA-containing lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are a promising new platform used by two leading vaccines against COVID-19. Clinical trials and ongoing vaccinations present with varying degrees of protection levels and side effects. However, the drivers of the reported side effects remain poorly defined. Here we present evidence that Acuitas' LNPs used in preclinical nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine studies are highly inflammatory in mice. Intradermal and intramuscular injection of these LNPs led to rapid and robust inflammatory responses, characterized by massive neutrophil infiltration, activation of diverse inflammatory pathways, and production of various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The same dose of LNP delivered intranasally led to similar inflammatory responses in the lung and resulted in a high mortality rate, with mechanism unresolved. Thus, the mRNA-LNP platforms' potency in supporting the induction of adaptive immune responses and the observed side effects may stem from the LNPs' highly inflammatory nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ndeupen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia 19107 PA, USA
| | - Zhen Qin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia 19107 PA, USA
| | - Sonya Jacobsen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia 19107 PA, USA
| | - Aurélie Bouteau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia 19107 PA, USA
| | - Henri Estanbouli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia 19107 PA, USA
| | - Botond Z. Igyártó
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia 19107 PA, USA
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7
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Rahiman N, Zamani P, Badiee A, Arabi L, Alavizadeh SH, Jaafari MR. An insight into the role of liposomal therapeutics in the reversion of Multiple Sclerosis. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1795-1813. [PMID: 34747298 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.2003327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple Sclerosis (MS), as an autoimmune disease, has complicated immunopathology, which makes its management relevant to various factors. Novel pharmaceutical vehicles, especially liposomes, can support efficacious handling of this disease both in early detection and prognosis and also in a therapeutic manner. The most well-known trigger of MS onset is the predominance of cellular to humoral immunity and enhancement of inflammatory cytokines level. The installation of liposomes as nanoparticles to control this disease holds great promise up to now. AREAS COVERED Various types of liposomes with different properties and purposes have been formulated and targeted immune cells with their surface manipulations. They may be encapsulated with anti-inflammatory, MS-related therapeutics, or immunodominant myelin-specific peptides for attaining a higher therapeutic efficacy of the drugs or tolerance induction. Cationic liposomes are also highly applicable for gene delivery of the anti-inflammatory cytokines or silencing the inflammatory cytokines. Liposomes have also been used as biotools for comprehending MS pathomechanisms or as diagnostic agents. EXPERT OPINION The efforts to manage MS through nanomedicine, especially liposomal therapeutics, pave a new avenue to a high-throughput medication of this autoimmune disease and their translation to the clinic in the future for overcoming the challenges that MS patients confront.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Rahiman
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parvin Zamani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Badiee
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Arabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Hoda Alavizadeh
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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8
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The evolution of commercial drug delivery technologies. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:951-967. [PMID: 33795852 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00698-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 421] [Impact Index Per Article: 140.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery technologies have enabled the development of many pharmaceutical products that improve patient health by enhancing the delivery of a therapeutic to its target site, minimizing off-target accumulation and facilitating patient compliance. As therapeutic modalities expanded beyond small molecules to include nucleic acids, peptides, proteins and antibodies, drug delivery technologies were adapted to address the challenges that emerged. In this Review Article, we discuss seminal approaches that led to the development of successful therapeutic products involving small molecules and macromolecules, identify three drug delivery paradigms that form the basis of contemporary drug delivery and discuss how they have aided the initial clinical successes of each class of therapeutic. We also outline how the paradigms will contribute to the delivery of live-cell therapies.
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9
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Calcium mediated DNA binding in non-lamellar structures formed by DOPG/glycerol monooleate. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 239:105118. [PMID: 34280362 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to test an encapsulation method of short fragmented DNA (∼ 20-300 bp), we study the solubilisation in 150 mM solution of NaCl of a cubic phase formed by glycerol monooleate (GMO) with negatively charged dioleoylphosphatidylglycerol (DOPG) up to the level of unilamellar vesicles and, subsequently, the restoration of the cubic phase using Ca2+ cations. We performed small angle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS and SANS) to follow structural changes in DOPG/GMO mixtures induced by increasing DOPG content. The cubic phase (Pn3m space group) is preserved up to ∼ 11 mol% of DOPG in DOPG/GMO. Above 20 mol%, the SANS curves are typical of unilamellar vesicles. The thickness of the DOPG/GMO lipid bilayer (dL) decreases slightly with increasing fraction of DOPG. The addition of 15 mM of CaCl2 solution shields the electrostatic repulsions of DOPG molecules, increases slightly dL and restores the cubic structures in the mixtures up to ∼ 37 mol% of DOPG. Zeta potential shows negative surface charge. The analysis of the data provides the radius of the water nano-channels of the formed non-lamellar structures. We discuss their dimensions with respect to DNA binding. In addition, Ca2+ mediates DNA - DOPG/GMO binding. The formed hexagonal phase, HII, binds less of DNA in comparison with cubic phases (∼ 6 wt% and ∼ 20 wt% of the total amount, respectively). The studied system can be utilized as anionic QII delivery vector for genetic material.
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10
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Synthesis and validation of DOPY: A new gemini dioleylbispyridinium based amphiphile for nucleic acid transfection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 165:279-292. [PMID: 34033881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids therapeutics provide a selective and promising alternative to traditional treatments for multiple genetic diseases. A major obstacle is the development of safe and efficient delivery systems. Here, we report the synthesis of the new cationic gemini amphiphile 1,3-bis[(4-oleyl-1-pyridinio)methyl]benzene dibromide (DOPY). Its transfection efficiency was evaluated using PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen hairpins (PPRHs), a nucleic acid tool for gene silencing and gene repair developed in our laboratory. The interaction of DOPY with PPRHs was confirmed by gel retardation assays, and it forms complexes of 155 nm. We also demonstrated the prominent internalization of PPRHs using DOPY compared to other chemical vehicles in SH-SY5Y, PC-3 and DF42 cells. Regarding gene silencing, a specific PPRH against the survivin gene delivered with DOPY decreased survivin protein levels and cell viability more effectively than with N-[1-(2,3-Dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methylsulfate (DOTAP) in both SH-SY5Y and PC-3 cells. We also validated the applicability of DOPY in gene repair approaches by correcting a point mutation in the endogenous locus of the dhfr gene in DF42 cells using repair-PPRHs. All these results indicate both an efficient entry and release of PPRHs at the intracellular level. Therefore, DOPY can be considered as a new lipid-based vehicle for the delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides.
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11
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Mat Rani NNI, Mustafa Hussein Z, Mustapa F, Azhari H, Sekar M, Chen XY, Mohd Amin MCI. Exploring the possible targeting strategies of liposomes against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 165:84-105. [PMID: 33974973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multi antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections are on the rise due to the overuse of antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the pathogens listed under the category of serious threats where vancomycin remains the mainstay treatment despite the availability of various antibacterial agents. Recently, decreased susceptibility to vancomycin from clinical isolates of MRSA has been reported and has drawn worldwide attention as it is often difficult to overcome and leads to increased medical costs, mortality, and longer hospital stays. Development of antibiotic delivery systems is often necessary to improve bioavailability and biodistribution, in order to reduce antibiotic resistance and increase the lifespan of antibiotics. Liposome entrapment has been used as a method to allow higher drug dosing apart from reducing toxicity associated with drugs. The surface of the liposomes can also be designed and enhanced with drug-release properties, active targeting, and stealth effects to prevent recognition by the mononuclear phagocyte system, thus enhancing its circulation time. The present review aimed to highlight the possible targeting strategies of liposomes against MRSA bacteremia systemically while investigating the magnitude of this effect on the minimum inhibitory concentration level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, 30450 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Zahraa Mustafa Hussein
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fahimi Mustapa
- Hospital Batu Gajah Jalan Changkat, 31000 Batu Gajah, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Hanisah Azhari
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, 30450 Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Xiang Yi Chen
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Abstract
The plasma membrane protects cell content from the outer environment. Overcoming this obstacle and delivering drugs efficiently into cells still remain a major hurdle for modern pharmacology and medicine. We developed and demonstrated a simple nanomaterial platform—a dimer of small-diameter carbon nanotube porins (CNTPs)—which functions as a potent membrane fusogen. Molecular simulations revealed a distinct fusion mechanism. CNTP-studded vesicles loaded with a chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin, delivered the drug to cancer cells, killing a majority of them. Our work provides new opportunities for understanding membrane fusion mechanisms, designing synthetic fusogens, and developing simple and efficient drug carriers for delivery of therapeutics and vaccines. Drug delivery mitigates toxic side effects and poor pharmacokinetics of life-saving therapeutics and enhances treatment efficacy. However, direct cytoplasmic delivery of drugs and vaccines into cells has remained out of reach. We find that liposomes studded with 0.8-nm-wide carbon nanotube porins (CNTPs) function as efficient vehicles for direct cytoplasmic drug delivery by facilitating fusion of lipid membranes and complete mixing of the membrane material and vesicle interior content. Fusion kinetics data and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations reveal an unusual mechanism where CNTP dimers tether the vesicles, pull the membranes into proximity, and then fuse their outer and inner leaflets. Liposomes containing CNTPs in their membranes and loaded with an anticancer drug, doxorubicin, were effective in delivering the drug to cancer cells, killing up to 90% of them. Our results open an avenue for designing efficient drug delivery carriers compatible with a wide range of therapeutics.
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Peptides as a material platform for gene delivery: Emerging concepts and converging technologies. Acta Biomater 2020; 117:40-59. [PMID: 32966922 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Successful gene therapies rely on methods that safely introduce DNA into target cells and enable subsequent expression of proteins. To that end, peptides are an attractive materials platform for DNA delivery, facilitating condensation into nanoparticles, delivery into cells, and subcellular release to enable protein expression. Peptides are programmable materials that can be designed to address biocompatibility, stability, and subcellular barriers that limit efficiency of non-viral gene delivery systems. This review focuses on fundamental structure-function relationships regarding peptide design and their impact on nanoparticle physical properties, biologic activity, and biocompatibility. Recent peptide technologies utilize multi-dimensional structures, non-natural chemistries, and combinations of peptides with lipids to achieve desired properties and efficient transfection. Advances in DNA cargo design are also presented to highlight further opportunities for peptide-based gene delivery. Modern DNA designs enable prolonged expression compared to traditional plasmids, providing an additional component that can be synergized with peptide carriers for improved transfection. Peptide transfection systems are poised to become a flexible and efficient platform incorporating new chemistries, functionalities, and improved DNA cargos to usher in a new era of gene therapy.
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Charbe NB, Amnerkar ND, Ramesh B, Tambuwala MM, Bakshi HA, Aljabali AA, Khadse SC, Satheeshkumar R, Satija S, Metha M, Chellappan DK, Shrivastava G, Gupta G, Negi P, Dua K, Zacconi FC. Small interfering RNA for cancer treatment: overcoming hurdles in delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:2075-2109. [PMID: 33304780 PMCID: PMC7714980 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In many ways, cancer cells are different from healthy cells. A lot of tactical nano-based drug delivery systems are based on the difference between cancer and healthy cells. Currently, nanotechnology-based delivery systems are the most promising tool to deliver DNA-based products to cancer cells. This review aims to highlight the latest development in the lipids and polymeric nanocarrier for siRNA delivery to the cancer cells. It also provides the necessary information about siRNA development and its mechanism of action. Overall, this review gives us a clear picture of lipid and polymer-based drug delivery systems, which in the future could form the base to translate the basic siRNA biology into siRNA-based cancer therapies.
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Key Words
- 1,3-propanediol, PEG-b-PDMAEMA-b-Ppy
- 2-propylacrylicacid, PAH-b-PDMAPMA-b-PAH
- APOB, apolipoprotein B
- AQP-5, aquaporin-5
- AZEMA, azidoethyl methacrylate
- Atufect01, β-l-arginyl-2,3-l-diaminopropionicacid-N-palmityl-N-oleyl-amide trihydrochloride
- AuNPs, gold nanoparticles
- B-PEI, branched polyethlenimine
- BMA, butyl methacrylate
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene
- CHEMS, cholesteryl hemisuccinate
- CHOL, cholesterol
- CMC, critical micelles concentration
- Cancer
- DC-Chol, 3β-[N-(N′,N′-dimethylaminoethane)carbamoyl]cholesterol
- DMAEMA, 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid
- DOPC, dioleylphosphatidyl choline
- DOPE, dioleylphosphatidyl ethanolamine
- DOTAP, N-[1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methyl-sulfate
- DOTMA, N-[1-(2,3-dioleyloxy)propy]-N,N,N-trimethylammoniumchloride
- DOX, doxorubicin
- DSGLA, N,N-dis-tearyl-N-methyl-N-2[N′-(N2-guanidino-l-lysinyl)] aminoethylammonium chloride
- DSPC, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- DSPE, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylethanolamine
- DSPE-MPEG, 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (ammonium salt)
- DSPE-PEG-Mal: 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[maleimide(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (mmmonium salt), EPR
- Liposomes
- Micelles
- N-acetylgalactosamine, HIF-1α
- Nanomedicine
- PE-PCL-b-PNVCL, pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-block-poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)
- PLA, poly-l-arginine
- PLGA, poly lactic-co-glycolic acid
- PLK-1, polo-like kinase 1
- PLL, poly-l-lysine
- PPES-b-PEO-b-PPES, poly(4-(phenylethynyl)styrene)-block-PEO-block-poly(4-(phenylethynyl)styrene)
- PTX, paclitaxel
- PiRNA, piwi-interacting RNA
- Polymer
- RES, reticuloendothelial system
- RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp peptide
- RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- RNAi, RNA interference
- RNAse III, ribonuclease III enzyme
- SEM, scanning electron microscope
- SNALP, stable nucleic acid-lipid particles
- SiRNA, short interfering rNA
- Small interfering RNA (siRNA)
- S–Au, thio‒gold
- TCC, transitional cell carcinoma
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- Tf, transferrin
- Trka, tropomyosin receptor kinase A
- USPIO, ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
- UV, ultraviolet
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- ZEBOV, Zaire ebola virus
- enhanced permeability and retention, Galnac
- hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, KSP
- kinesin spindle protein, LDI
- lipid-protamine-DNA/hyaluronic acid, MDR
- lysine ethyl ester diisocyanate, LPD/LPH
- messenger RNA, MTX
- methotrexate, NIR
- methoxy polyethylene glycol-polycaprolactone, mRNA
- methoxypoly(ethylene glycol), MPEG-PCL
- micro RNA, MPEG
- multiple drug resistance, MiRNA
- nanoparticle, NRP-1
- near-infrared, NP
- neuropilin-1, PAA
- poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), PDO
- poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide), pentaerythritol polycaprolactone-block-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
- poly(acrylhydrazine)-block-poly(3-dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide)-block-poly(acrylhydrazine), PCL
- poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)-block poly(pyrenylmethyl methacrylate), PEG-b-PLL
- poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(l-lysine), PEI
- poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-stat-poly(methoxyethyl methacrylate), PEO-b-PCL
- poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(Ε-caprolactone), PE-PCL-b-PNIPAM
- poly(Ε-caprolactone), PCL-PEG
- poly(Ε-caprolactone)-polyethyleneglycol-poly(l-histidine), PCL-PEI
- polycaprolactone-polyethyleneglycol, PCL-PEG-PHIS
- polycaprolactone-polyethylenimine, PDMA
- polyethylenimine, PEO-b-P(DEA-Stat-MEMA
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Bharat Charbe
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Sri Adichunchunagiri College of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchunagiri University, BG Nagar, Karnataka 571418, India
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Nikhil D. Amnerkar
- Adv V. R. Manohar Institute of Diploma in Pharmacy, Nagpur, Maharashtra 441110, India
| | - B. Ramesh
- Sri Adichunchunagiri College of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchunagiri University, BG Nagar, Karnataka 571418, India
| | - Murtaza M. Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Hamid A. Bakshi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK
| | - Alaa A.A. Aljabali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Saurabh C. Khadse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra 425 405, India
| | - Rajendran Satheeshkumar
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Saurabh Satija
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Meenu Metha
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411 Punjab, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Garima Shrivastava
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Flavia C. Zacconi
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultad de Química y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 4860, Chile
- Corresponding authors.
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15
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Luque-Caballero G, Maldonado-Valderrama J, Quesada-Pérez M, Martín-Molina A. Interaction of DNA with likely-charged lipid monolayers: An experimental study. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 178:170-176. [PMID: 30856586 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Anionic lipids are increasingly being used in lipoplexes for synthetic gene vectors as an alternative to cationic lipids. This is primarily due to their lower toxicity, which makes them biocompatible and adaptable to be tissue specific. However, anionic lipoplexes require the presence of multivalent cations to promote the electrostatic attraction between DNA and anionic lipid mono- and bilayers. In this work we provide for the first time experimental results of the adsorption of linear DNA onto anionic/zwitterionic lipid monolayers without any addition of cations. This is demonstrated experimentally by means of Langmuir monolayers of DOPE/DOPG (1:1) lipids spread on a water subphase that contains calf thymus DNA. The adsorption of DNA onto anionic/zwitterionic lipid monolayers is discussed in terms of the surface pressure-molecular area isotherms recorded in the absence and in the presence of different electrolytes. Measurements of the surface potential provide additional evidence of the different interaction of DNA anionic/zwitterionic lipid monolayers depending on the presence and nature of electrolyte. These experimental results are further analysed in terms of the overall dipole moment normal to the monolayers providing new insight into the behaviour of anionic lipoplexes and the role of zwitterionic lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Luque-Caballero
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva sn, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Julia Maldonado-Valderrama
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva sn, 18071, Granada, Spain; Unidad de excelencia "Modelling Nature" (MNat), Universidad de Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Quesada-Pérez
- Departamento de Física, Escuela Politécnica Superior de Linares, Universidad de Jaén, 23700, Linares, Jaén, Spain
| | - Alberto Martín-Molina
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva sn, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto Carlos I de Física Teórica y Computacional, Universidad de Granada, Spain.
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16
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Danaei M, Kalantari M, Raji M, Samareh Fekri H, Saber R, Asnani G, Mortazavi S, Mozafari M, Rasti B, Taheriazam A. Probing nanoliposomes using single particle analytical techniques: effect of excipients, solvents, phase transition and zeta potential. Heliyon 2018; 4:e01088. [PMID: 30603716 PMCID: PMC6307095 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a steady increase in the interest towards employing nanoliposomes as colloidal drug delivery systems, particularly in the last few years. Their biocompatibility nature along with the possibility of encapsulation of lipid-soluble, water-soluble and amphipathic molecules and compounds are among the advantages of employing these lipidic nanocarriers. A challenge in the successful formulation of nanoliposomal systems is to control the critical physicochemical properties, which impact their in vivo performance, and validating analytical techniques that can adequately characterize these nanostructures. Of particular interest are the chemical composition of nanoliposomes, their phase transition temperature, state of the encapsulated material, encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution, morphology, internal structure, lamellarity, surface charge, and drug release pattern. These attributes are highly important in revealing the supramolecular arrangement of nanoliposomes and incorporated drugs and ensuring the stability of the formulation as well as consistent drug delivery to target tissues. In this article, we present characterization of nanoliposomal formulations as an example to illustrate identification of key in vitro characteristics of a typical nanotherapeutic agent. Corresponding analytical techniques are discussed within the context of nanoliposome assessment, single particle analysis and ensuring uniform manufacture of therapeutic formulations with batch-to-batch consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Danaei
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, 8054 Monash University LPO, Clayton, 3168 Victoria, Australia
| | - M. Kalantari
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, 8054 Monash University LPO, Clayton, 3168 Victoria, Australia
| | - M. Raji
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, 8054 Monash University LPO, Clayton, 3168 Victoria, Australia
| | - H. Samareh Fekri
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, 8054 Monash University LPO, Clayton, 3168 Victoria, Australia
| | - R. Saber
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, 8054 Monash University LPO, Clayton, 3168 Victoria, Australia
| | - G.P. Asnani
- Sinhgad Technical Education Society's, Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Pharmacy, Kondhwa, Pune 411 048, (Savitribai Phule Pune University), Maharashtra, India
| | - S.M. Mortazavi
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, 8054 Monash University LPO, Clayton, 3168 Victoria, Australia
| | - M.R. Mozafari
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, 8054 Monash University LPO, Clayton, 3168 Victoria, Australia
| | - B. Rasti
- Australasian Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, 8054 Monash University LPO, Clayton, 3168 Victoria, Australia
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - A. Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch IAU, Azad University, 19168 93813 Tehran, Iran
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17
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Li T, He J, Horvath G, Próchnicki T, Latz E, Takeoka S. Lysine-containing cationic liposomes activate the NLRP3 inflammasome: Effect of a spacer between the head group and the hydrophobic moieties of the lipids. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:279-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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18
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Yu Q, Chen J, Deng W, Cao X, Adu-Frimpong M, Yu J, Xu X. Neural differentiation of fibroblasts induced by intracellular co-delivery of Ascl1, Brn2 and FoxA1 via a non-viral vector of cationic polysaccharide. Biomed Mater 2017; 13:015022. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa8962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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19
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Wei J, Chen S, Xue S, Zhu Q, Liu S, Cui L, Hua X, Wang Y. Blockade of Inflammation and Apoptosis Pathways by siRNA Prolongs Cold Preservation Time and Protects Donor Hearts in a Porcine Model. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 9:428-439. [PMID: 29246321 PMCID: PMC5701800 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In donor hearts from mini pigs, overtime cold preservation and ischemia-reperfusion injury cause poor graft quality and impaired heart function. Blockage of complement, apoptosis, and inflammation is considered a strategy for attenuating ischemia-reperfusion injury and protecting cardiac function. Minipig donor hearts were perfused and preserved in Celsior solution or transfection reagent containing Celsior solution with scramble siRNA or siRNAs targeting complement 3, caspase-8, caspase-3, and nuclear factor κB-p65 genes at 4°C and subsequently hemo-reperfused ex vivo (38°C) or transplanted into recipients. The protective effect of the siRNA solution was evaluated by measuring cell apoptosis, structural alteration, protein markers for tissue damage and oxidative stress, and cardiac function. We found a reduction in cell apoptosis, myocardial damage, and tissue inflammation by reduced biochemistry and markers and protein expression of proinflammatory cytokines and improvement in cardiac function, as shown by the improved hemodynamic indices in 12-hr-preserved siRNA-treated hearts of both ex vivo and orthotopic transplantation models. These findings demonstrate that blockade of inflammation and apoptosis pathways using siRNA can prolong cold preservation time and better protect donor heart function in cardiac transplantation of large animals, which may be beneficial for human heart preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shiyou Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Qiangru Zhu
- CCI Facility, Covidien (Shanghai) Management Consulting Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Sha Liu
- CCI Facility, Covidien (Shanghai) Management Consulting Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Li Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiuguo Hua
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yongyi Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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20
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Bhavsar D, Subramanian K, Sethuraman S, Krishnan UM. 'Nano-in-nano' hybrid liposomes increase target specificity and gene silencing efficiency in breast cancer induced SCID mice. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 119:96-106. [PMID: 28600223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gene silencing has immense potential in the treatment of cancer. However, enhancement of its efficiency requires the development of specifically targeted and safe carrier systems. Cationic carriers are generally limited by their immunogenicity. Hence, in this study, we report hybrid liposomes encapsulating Poly (L-lysine)-siRNA complex to silence epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), highly expressed in epithelial cancers. The hybrid liposomes LL1 (Egg PC:DSPE-PEG, 10:0) and hybrid immunoliposomes LL2 (Egg PC:DSPE-PEG, 8:2) linked with EpCAM antibody as the targeting ligand showed an encapsulation efficiency of 70% and 86%, respectively. LL2 liposomes with a zeta potential of -26mV exhibited good colloidal stability in phosphate buffered saline containing bovine serum albumin and fetal bovine serum at 37°C. Cell uptake studies showed increased uptake of the LL2 when compared to LL1 liposomes. Finally, the hybrid immunoliposomes were evaluated for their efficacy in regressing the tumor volume in SCID mice. Eight doses each of 0.15mg/kg, which is among the lowest reported siRNA concentrations, were administered to the animals. About 45% reduction in tumor volume was achieved after 28days in the mice treated with LL2 when compared with the positive control and LL1 treated groups. Thus, our results demonstrate that the 'nano-in-nano' concept of encapsulating poly (l-Lysine) complexed EpCAM siRNA in immunoliposomes may be a promising strategy to treat EpCAM-positive epithelial cancers, especially as an adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Bhavsar
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Krishnakumar Subramanian
- L&T Ophthalmic Pathology Department, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India.
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21
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Yang K, Lu Y, Xie F, Zou H, Fan X, Li B, Li W, Zhang W, Mei L, Feng SS, Yin Y, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yin C, Zhong Y, Gao J. Cationic liposomes induce cell necrosis through lysosomal dysfunction and late-stage autophagic flux inhibition. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:3117-3137. [PMID: 27819530 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The application of cationic liposomes (CLs) as nonviral vectors is hampered by their cellular toxicity. Thus we aim to investigate the mechanisms underlying the cellular toxicity of CLs. MATERIALS & METHODS The effect of CLs on the autophagic flux, autophagosome-lysosome fusion, lysosome membrane permeabilization and cell necrosis of liver cells was investigated. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Our results reveal a novel mechanism of CL-induced cell necrosis involving the induction of lysosome membrane permeabilization and late-stage autophagic flux inhibition that resulted in cytoplasmic release of cathepsin B, mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species production, which are the key mediators of cell necrosis. Our study is important for revealing the cellular toxicity of CLs and designing safer gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medcial University & Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Fangyuan Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hao Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaoyu Fan
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bohua Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Division of Life & Health Sciences, Tsinghua University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Si-Shen Feng
- International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E5, 02-11, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - You Yin
- Department of Neurology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chuan Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Yanqiang Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,International Joint Cancer Institute, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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22
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Che J, Tao A, Chen S, Li X, Zhao Y, Yuan W. Biologically responsive carrier-mediated anti-angiogenesis shRNA delivery for tumor treatment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35661. [PMID: 27759095 PMCID: PMC5069559 DOI: 10.1038/srep35661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has increased the hope for highly-efficient treatment of gene-related diseases. However, the stable and efficient delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids is a prerequisite for the successful clinical translation of RNA interfering therapy. To achieve this, we condensed the low molecular weight polyethyleneimine (PEI, Mw < 2000) with 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde (PDA) to synthesize a biologically responsive and degradable cationic polymer (abbreviated to PDAPEI) which was utilized as a gene vector for the delivery of a VEGF-A shRNA expression plasmid DNA (pDNA). The resulting electrostatic interaction between PDAPEI and pDNA led to the self-assembly of nanoscale polyplexes with suitable particle size and stable zeta potential. The PDAPEI/pDNA polyplexes demonstrated an outstanding gene transfection and silencing efficiency at 30 w/w ratio, as well as negligible cytotoxicity. Also, the designed polymer showed no stimulation to the innate immune system. Moreover, compared with PEI 25 KDa, the polyplexes accomplished comparatively better anti-angiogenesis efficacy, which resulted in the inhibition of tumor growth in subcutaneous tumor mice models. In conclusion, PDAPEI has great potential to be a gene delivery vector for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Che
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anqi Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weien Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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24
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Rudzinski WE, Palacios A, Ahmed A, Lane MA, Aminabhavi TM. Targeted delivery of small interfering RNA to colon cancer cells using chitosan and PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles. Carbohydr Polym 2016; 147:323-332. [PMID: 27178938 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules specifically target messenger RNA species, decreasing intracellular protein levels. β-Catenin protein concentrations are increased in 70-80% of colon tumors, promoting tumor progression. Chitosan exhibits low levels of toxicity and can be transported across mucosal membranes; therefore, our objective was to develop chitosan and poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted (PEGylated) chitosan nanoparticles, 100-150nm in diameter, encapsulating anti-β-catenin siRNA for transfection into colon cancer cells. Encapsulation efficiencies up to 97% were observed. Confocal microscopy visualized the entry of fluorescently-tagged siRNA into cells. Western blot analysis showed that both chitosan and PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles containing anti-β-catenin siRNA decreased β-catenin protein levels in cultured colon cancer cells. These results indicate that nanoparticles made with chitosan and PEGylated chitosan can successfully enter colon cancer cells and decrease the level of a protein that promotes tumor progression. These or similar nanoparticles may prove beneficial for the treatment of colon cancer in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter E Rudzinski
- Texas State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
| | - Adriana Palacios
- Texas State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
| | - Abuzar Ahmed
- Texas State University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
| | - Michelle A Lane
- Texas State University, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Nutrition and Foods Program, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA.
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Simultaneous delivery of cytotoxic and biologic therapeutics using nanophotoactivatable liposomes enhances treatment efficacy in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2015; 12:223-34. [PMID: 26390832 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A lack of intracellular delivery systems has limited the use of biologics such as monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that abrogate molecular signaling pathways activated to promote escape from cancer treatment. We hypothesized that intracellular co-delivery of the photocytotoxic chromophore benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid A (BPD) and the anti-VEGF mAb bevacizumab in a nanophotoactivatable liposome (nanoPAL) might enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with suppression of VEGF-mediated signaling pathways. As a proof-of-concept we found that nanoPAL-PDT induced enhanced extra- and intracellular bevacizumab delivery and enhanced acute cytotoxicity in vitro. In an in vivo subcutaneous mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, nanoPAL-PDT achieved significantly enhanced tumor reduction. We attribute this to the optimal incorporation of insoluble BPD into the lipid bilayer, enhancing photocytotoxicity, and the simultaneous spatiotemporal delivery of bevacizumab, ensuring efficient neutralization of the rapid but transient burst of VEGF following PDT. From the Clinical Editor: Most patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) by the time present the disease it is very advanced, which unavoidably translates to poor survival. For these patients, use of traditional chemotherapy often becomes ineffective due to tumor resistance to drugs. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be an effective modality against chemo-resistant cancers. In this article, the authors investigated the co-delivery of a photocytotoxic agent and anti-VEGF mAb using liposomes. This combination was shown to results in enhanced tumor killing. This method should be applicable to other combination of treatments.
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Liao R, Yi S, Liu M, Jin W, Yang B. Folic-Acid-Targeted Self-Assembling Supramolecular Carrier for Gene Delivery. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1622-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Kurosaki T, Nakasone C, Kodama Y, Egashira K, Harasawa H, Muro T, Nakagawa H, Kitahara T, Higuchi N, Nakamura T, Sasaki H. Splenic Gene Delivery System Using Self-assembling Nano-complex with Phosphatidylserine Analog. Biol Pharm Bull 2015; 38:23-9. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yukinobu Kodama
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital
| | - Kanoko Egashira
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital
| | - Hitomi Harasawa
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital
| | - Takahiro Muro
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital
| | - Hiroo Nakagawa
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital
| | | | | | | | - Hitoshi Sasaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital
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Kelly C, Lawlor C, Burke C, Barlow JW, Ramsey JM, Jefferies C, Cryan SA. High-throughput methods for screening liposome–macrophage cell interaction. J Liposome Res 2014; 25:211-221. [DOI: 10.3109/08982104.2014.987785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Encapsulation of adenovirus serotype 5 in anionic lecithin liposomes using a bead-based immunoprecipitation technique enhances transfection efficiency. Biomaterials 2014; 35:9554-61. [PMID: 25154663 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) constitute a promising class of cancer therapeutics which exploit validated genetic pathways known to be deregulated in many cancers. To overcome an immune response and to enhance its potential use to treat primary and metastatic tumors, a method for liposomal encapsulation of adenovirus has been developed. The encapsulation of adenovirus in non-toxic anionic lecithin-cholesterol-PEG liposomes ranging from 140 to 180 nm in diameter have been prepared by self-assembly around the viral capsid. The encapsulated viruses retain their ability to infect cancer cells. Furthermore, an immunoprecipitation (IP) technique has shown to be a fast and effective method to extract non-encapsulated viruses and homogenize the liposomes remaining in solution. 78% of adenovirus plaque forming units were encapsulated and retained infectivity after IP processing. Additionally, encapsulated viruses have shown enhanced transfection efficiency up to 4 × higher compared to non-encapsulated Ads. Extracting non-encapsulated viruses from solution may prevent an adverse in vivo immune response and may enhance treatment for multiple administrations.
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30
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Kodama Y, Nakamura T, Kurosaki T, Egashira K, Mine T, Nakagawa H, Muro T, Kitahara T, Higuchi N, Sasaki H. Biodegradable nanoparticles composed of dendrigraft poly-L-lysine for gene delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2014; 87:472-9. [PMID: 24813391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2014.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We developed novel gene vectors composed of dendrigraft poly-L-lysine (DGL). The transgene expression efficiency of the pDNA/DGL complexes (DGL complexes) was markedly higher than that of the control pDNA/poly-L-lysine complex. However, the DGL complexes caused cytotoxicity and erythrocyte agglutination at high doses. Therefore, γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA), which is a biodegradable anionic polymer, was added to the DGL complexes to decrease their toxicity. The resultant ternary complexes (DGL/γ-PGA complexes) were shown to be stable nanoparticles, and those with γ-PGA to pDNA charge ratios of >8 had anionic surface charges. The transgene expression efficiency of the DGL/γ-PGA complexes was similar to that of the DGL complexes; however, they exhibited lower cytotoxicity and did not induce erythrocyte agglutination at high doses. After being intravenously administered to mice, the DGL6 complex demonstrated high transfection efficiency in the liver, lungs, and spleen, whereas the DGL6/γ-PGA8 complex only displayed high transfection efficiency in the spleen. Future studies should examine the utility of DGL and DGL/γ-PGA complexes for clinical gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinobu Kodama
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Nakamura
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kurosaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kanoko Egashira
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Toyoharu Mine
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroo Nakagawa
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Muro
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Kitahara
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Norihide Higuchi
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sasaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
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31
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Jackson WD, Woollard KJ. Targeting monocyte and macrophage subpopulations for immunotherapy: a patent review (2009 - 2013). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2014; 24:779-90. [PMID: 24773534 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.914495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Monocytes and macrophages are heterogeneous populations of effector cells in the innate immune system. Once thought to be obligatory precursors for macrophages, monocytes are now known to have several distinct sub-populations and their own independent functions. This separation of the two lineages has opened new therapeutic avenues in inflammation and created new technologies targeting the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). AREAS COVERED A search of Google Patents and PatentScope has revealed numerous patents targeting monocytes and macrophages. This review will focus on seven patents from 2009 to 2013, utilizing autologous monocyte and macrophage adoptive transfer, genetic manipulation of the MPS, therapeutic nanoparticles and liposomes or combinations of these strategies. Patents that target monocyte recruitment are also briefly reviewed. EXPERT OPINION While monocyte and macrophage targeting has yielded some promising results in animal models, these often fail to translate well to successful clinical trials. The paradigm of how cells in the MPS interact and evolve is constantly being updated, and caution must be exercised in developing immunomodulatory agents until this relationship is better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Jackson
- Imperial College London, Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Inflammation , London, W12 ONN , UK
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32
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Martín-Molina A, Luque-Caballero G, Faraudo J, Quesada-Pérez M, Maldonado-Valderrama J. Adsorption of DNA onto anionic lipid surfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 206:172-85. [PMID: 24359695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Currently self-assembled DNA delivery systems composed of DNA multivalent cations and anionic lipids are considered to be promising tools for gene therapy. These systems become an alternative to traditional cationic lipid-DNA complexes because of their low cytotoxicity lipids. However, currently these nonviral gene delivery methods exhibit low transfection efficiencies. This feature is in large part due to the poorly understood DNA complexation mechanisms at the molecular level. It is well-known that the adsorption of DNA onto like charged lipid surfaces requires the presence of multivalent cations that act as bridges between DNA and anionic lipids. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms behind such adsorption phenomenon still remain unclear. Accordingly a historical background of experimental evidence related to adsorption and complexation of DNA onto anionic lipid surfaces mediated by different multivalent cations is firstly reviewed. Next, recent experiments aimed to characterise the interfacial adsorption of DNA onto a model anionic phospholipid monolayer mediated by Ca(2+) (including AFM images) are discussed. Afterwards, modelling studies of DNA adsorption onto charged surfaces are summarised before presenting preliminary results obtained from both CG and all-atomic MD computer simulations. Our results allow us to establish the optimal conditions for cation-mediated adsorption of DNA onto negatively charged surfaces. Moreover, atomistic simulations provide an excellent framework to understand the interaction between DNA and anionic lipids in the presence of divalent cations. Accordingly,our simulation results in conjunction go beyond the macroscopic picture in which DNA is stuck to anionic membranes by using multivalent cations that form glue layers between them. Structural aspects of the DNA adsorption and molecular binding between the different charged groups from DNA and lipids in the presence of divalent cations are reported in the last part of the study. Although this research work is far from biomedical applications, we truly believe that scientific advances in this line will assist, at least in part, in the rational design and development of optimal carrier systems for genes and applicable to other drugs.
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Holmes C, Daoud J, Bagnaninchi PO, Tabrizian M. Polyelectrolyte multilayer coating of 3D scaffolds enhances tissue growth and gene delivery: non-invasive and label-free assessment. Adv Healthc Mater 2014; 3:572-80. [PMID: 24030932 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition is a versatile technique which is beginning to be be explored for inductive tissue engineering applications. Here, it is demonstrated that a polyelectrolyte multilayer film system composed of glycol-chitosan (Glyc-CHI) and hyaluronic acid (HA) can be used to coat 3D micro-fabricated polymeric tissue engineering scaffolds. In order to overcome many of the limitations associated with conventional techniques for assessing cell growth and viability within 3D scaffolds, two novel, real-time, label-free techniques are introduced: impedance monitoring and optical coherence phase microscopy. Using these methods, it is shown that LbL-coated scaffolds support in vitro cell growth and viability for a period of at least two weeks at levels higher than uncoated controls. These polyelectrolyte multilayer coatings are then further adapted for non-viral gene delivery applications via incorporation of DNA carrier lipoplexes. Scaffold-based delivery of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) marker gene from these coatings is successfully demonstrated in vitro, achieving a two-fold increase in transfection efficiency compared with control scaffolds. These results show the great potential of Glyc-CHI/HA polyelectrolyte multilayer films for a variety of gene delivery and inductive tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Holmes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; Montreal H3A 2B4 Canada
| | - Jamal Daoud
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; McGill University; Montreal H3A 2B4 Canada
| | - Pierre O. Bagnaninchi
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh EH16 4SB Scotland
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Faculty of Dentistry; McGill University; Montreal H3A 2B4 Canada
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34
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Gawrys O, Olszyński KH, Gawarecka K, Swiezewska E, Chojnacki T, Masnyk M, Chmielewski M, Kompanowska-Jezierska E. Cationic derivative of polyprenol, a potential component of liposomal drug carriers, does not alter renal function in rats. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gawrys
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology; M. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Krzysztof Hubert Olszyński
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology; M. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gawarecka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Ewa Swiezewska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Tadeusz Chojnacki
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Marek Masnyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Marek Chmielewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
| | - Elżbieta Kompanowska-Jezierska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology; M. Mossakowski Medical Research Centre; Polish Academy of Sciences; Warsaw Poland
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35
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Rin Jean S, Tulumello DV, Wisnovsky SP, Lei EK, Pereira MP, Kelley SO. Molecular vehicles for mitochondrial chemical biology and drug delivery. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:323-33. [PMID: 24410267 DOI: 10.1021/cb400821p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondria within human cells play a major role in a variety of critical processes involved in cell survival and death. An understanding of mitochondrial involvement in various human diseases has generated an appreciable amount of interest in exploring this organelle as a potential drug target. As a result, a number of strategies to probe and combat mitochondria-associated diseases have emerged. Access to mitochondria-specific delivery vectors has allowed the study of biological processes within this intracellular compartment with a heightened level of specificity. In this review, we summarize the features of existing delivery vectors developed for targeting probes and therapeutics to this highly impermeable organelle. We also discuss the major applications of mitochondrial targeting of bioactive molecules, which include the detection and treatment of oxidative damage, combating bacterial infections, and the development of new therapeutic approaches for cancer. Future directions include the assessment of the therapeutic benefit achieved by mitochondrial targeting for treatment of disease in vivo. In addition, the availability of mitochondria-specific chemical probes will allow the elucidation of the details of biological processes that occur within this cellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Rin Jean
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Arts and Science, ‡Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Medicine, §Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David V. Tulumello
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Arts and Science, ‡Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Medicine, §Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon P. Wisnovsky
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Arts and Science, ‡Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Medicine, §Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric K. Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Arts and Science, ‡Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Medicine, §Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark P. Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Arts and Science, ‡Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Medicine, §Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Arts and Science, ‡Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Medicine, §Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy,University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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36
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Ozpolat B, Sood AK, Lopez-Berestein G. Liposomal siRNA nanocarriers for cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 66:110-6. [PMID: 24384374 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) have recently emerged as a new class of therapeutics with a great potential to revolutionize the treatment of cancer and other diseases. A specifically designed siRNA binds and induces post-transcriptional silencing of target genes (mRNA). Clinical applications of siRNA-based therapeutics have been limited by their rapid degradation, poor cellular uptake, and rapid renal clearance following systemic administration. A variety of synthetic and natural nanoparticles composed of lipids, polymers, and metals have been developed for siRNA delivery, with different efficacy and safety profiles. Liposomal nanoparticles have proven effective in delivering siRNA into tumor tissues by improving stability and bioavailability. While providing high transfection efficiency and a capacity to form complexes with negatively charged siRNA, cationic lipids/liposomes are highly toxic. Negatively charged liposomes, on the other hand, are rapidly cleared from circulation. To overcome these problems we developed highly safe and effective neutral lipid-based nanoliposomes that provide robust gene silencing in tumors following systemic (intravenous) administration. This delivery system demonstrated remarkable antitumor efficacy in various orthotopic human cancer models in animals. Here, we briefly overview this and other lipid-based approaches with preclinical applications in different tumor models for cancer therapy and potential applications as siRNA-nanotherapeutics in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent Ozpolat
- Departments of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Gynecologic Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Departments of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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37
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Yeom JH, Ryou SM, Won M, Park M, Bae J, Lee K. Inhibition of Xenograft tumor growth by gold nanoparticle-DNA oligonucleotide conjugates-assisted delivery of BAX mRNA. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75369. [PMID: 24073264 PMCID: PMC3779183 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of non-biological agents for mRNA delivery into living systems in order to induce heterologous expression of functional proteins may provide more advantages than the use of DNA and/or biological vectors for delivery. However, the low efficiency of mRNA delivery into live animals, using non-biological systems, has hampered the use of mRNA as a therapeutic molecule. Here, we show that gold nanoparticle-DNA oligonucleotide (AuNP-DNA) conjugates can serve as universal vehicles for more efficient delivery of mRNA into human cells, as well as into xenograft tumors generated in mice. Injections of BAX mRNA loaded on AuNP-DNA conjugates into xenograft tumors resulted in highly efficient mRNA delivery. The delivered mRNA directed the efficient production of biologically functional BAX protein, a pro-apoptotic factor, consequently inhibiting tumor growth. These results demonstrate that mRNA delivery by AuNP-DNA conjugates can serve as a new platform for the development of safe and efficient gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Yeom
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Mi Ryou
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Miae Won
- Department of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Mira Park
- Department of Pharmacy, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehyeon Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (KL); (JB)
| | - Kangseok Lee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (KL); (JB)
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38
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Tekedereli I, Alpay SN, Akar U, Yuca E, Ayugo-Rodriguez C, Han HD, Sood AK, Lopez-Berestein G, Ozpolat B. Therapeutic Silencing of Bcl-2 by Systemically Administered siRNA Nanotherapeutics Inhibits Tumor Growth by Autophagy and Apoptosis and Enhances the Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Orthotopic Xenograft Models of ER (-) and ER (+) Breast Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2013; 2:e121. [PMID: 24022053 PMCID: PMC4028016 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2013.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bcl-2 is overexpressed in about a half of human cancers and 50–70% of breast cancer patients, thereby conferring resistance to conventional therapies and making it an excellent therapeutic target. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers novel and powerful tools for specific gene silencing and molecularly targeted therapy. Here, we show that therapeutic silencing of Bcl-2 by systemically administered nanoliposomal (NL)-Bcl-2 siRNA (0.15 mg siRNA/kg, intravenous) twice a week leads to significant antitumor activity and suppression of growth in both estrogen receptor-negative (ER(−)) MDA-MB-231 and ER-positive (+) MCF7 breast tumors in orthotopic xenograft models (P < 0.05). A single intravenous injection of NL-Bcl-2-siRNA provided robust and persistent silencing of the target gene expression in xenograft tumors. NL-Bcl-2-siRNA treatment significantly increased the efficacy of chemotherapy when combined with doxorubicin in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 animal models (P < 0.05). NL-Bcl-2-siRNA treatment-induced apoptosis and autophagic cell death, and inhibited cyclin D1, HIF1α and Src/Fak signaling in tumors. In conclusion, our data provide the first evidence that in vivo therapeutic targeting Bcl-2 by systemically administered nanoliposomal-siRNA significantly inhibits growth of both ER(−) and ER(+) breast tumors and enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy, suggesting that therapeutic silencing of Bcl-2 by siRNA is a viable approach in breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Tekedereli
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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40
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Kurosaki T, Uematsu M, Shimoda K, Suzuma K, Nakai M, Nakamura T, Kitahara T, Kitaoka T, Sasaki H. Ocular Gene Delivery Systems Using Ternary Complexes of Plasmid DNA, Polyethylenimine, and Anionic Polymers. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:96-101. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b12-00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Kurosaki
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
- The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
| | - Masafumi Uematsu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | | | - Kiyoshi Suzuma
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Masato Nakai
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital
| | | | | | - Takashi Kitaoka
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University
| | - Hitoshi Sasaki
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Nagasaki University Hospital
- Global COE Program, Nagasaki University
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41
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42
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Lonez C, Vandenbranden M, Ruysschaert JM. Cationic lipids activate intracellular signaling pathways. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012; 64:1749-58. [PMID: 22634161 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cationic liposomes are commonly used as a transfection reagent for DNA, RNA or proteins and as a co-adjuvant of antigens for vaccination trials. A high density of positive charges close to cell surface is likely to be recognized as a signal of danger by cells or contribute to trigger cascades that are classically activated by endogenous cationic compounds. The present review provides evidence that cationic liposomes activate several cellular pathways like pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory cascades. An improved knowledge of the relationship between the cationic lipid properties (nature of the lipid hydrophilic moieties, hydrocarbon tail, mode of organization) and the activation of these pathways opens the way to the use and design of cationic tailored for a specific application (e.g. for gene transport or as adjuvants).
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43
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Mosallaei N, Banaee T, Farzadnia M, Abedini E, Ashraf H, Malaekeh-Nikouei B. Safety Evaluation of Nanoliposomes Containing Cyclosporine A After Ocular Administration. Curr Eye Res 2012; 37:453-6. [DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2012.660595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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44
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Shakhbazau A, Shcharbin D, Seviaryn I, Goncharova N, Kosmacheva S, Potapnev M, Bryszewska M, Kumar R, Biernaskie J, Midha R. Dendrimer-Driven Neurotrophin Expression Differs in Temporal Patterns between Rodent and Human Stem Cells. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:1521-8. [DOI: 10.1021/mp300041k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antos Shakhbazau
- Department
of Clinical Neurosciences,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss
Brain Institute, University of Calgary,
Calgary, Canada
| | - Dzmitry Shcharbin
- Institute
of Biophysics and Cell
Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ihar Seviaryn
- Republic Centre for Hematology and Transfusiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | | | - Mihail Potapnev
- Republic Centre for Hematology and Transfusiology, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Maria Bryszewska
- Department of General Biophysics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ranjan Kumar
- Department
of Clinical Neurosciences,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss
Brain Institute, University of Calgary,
Calgary, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jeffrey Biernaskie
- Hotchkiss
Brain Institute, University of Calgary,
Calgary, Canada
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Rajiv Midha
- Department
of Clinical Neurosciences,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss
Brain Institute, University of Calgary,
Calgary, Canada
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45
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Jung J, Na K, Shin B, Kim O, Lee J, Yun K, Hyun J. A cell-repellent sulfonated PEG comb-like polymer for highly resolved cell micropatterns. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2012; 19:161-73. [DOI: 10.1163/156856208783432507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyeon Jung
- a Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Kyunga Na
- b Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Byungcheol Shin
- c Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 305-600, South Korea
| | - Okgene Kim
- d Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Jonghwan Lee
- e Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Kyusik Yun
- f Gachon BioNano Research Institute, Kyungwon University, Gyeonggi-Do 461-701, South Korea
| | - Jinho Hyun
- g Department of Biosystems and Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea; Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
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Deng WW, Cao X, Wang M, Yang Y, Su WY, Wei YW, Ou-Yang Z, Yu JN, Xu XM. Efficient gene delivery to mesenchymal stem cells by an ethylenediamine-modified polysaccharide from mulberry leaves. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2012; 8:441-451. [PMID: 22213679 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201101554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the use of a natural polysaccharide isolated from mulberry leaves as a nonviral gene vector. Ethylenediamine is chemically grafted to the backbone of a polysaccharide from mulberry leaves (MPS) to acquire nucleic acid binding affinity. A particle-size observation indicates that the cationic mulberry leaf polysaccharide (CMPS) can efficiently combine with plasmid transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) to form nanoscaled particles. In addition, the electrophoresis assay indicates a retarded plasmid migration when the CMPS/pTGF-β1 weight ratio is increased to 30:1. The in vitro cell transfection experiment is performed based on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from rat femurs and tibias, and the findings reveal that the complex with a CMPS/pTGF-β1 weight ratio of 50:1 exhibits the highest cell transfection effect, which is significantly higher than that of branched poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) (25 kDa; p = 0.001, Student's t-test) and slightly higher than Lipofectamine 2000. Moreover, the cytotoxicity assay also demonstrates that all of these tested complexes and the plasmid TGF-β1 are nontoxic to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The results of the living cell imaging confirm that more of the CMPS/plasmid TGF-β1 nanoparticles can be taken up and at a faster rate by the MSCs than by the positive control Lipofectamine 2000; these data are consistent with the transfection efficiency data. Together, these results suggest that the CMPS/pTGF-β1 nanoparticle can potentially be developed into a promising alternative for the transfer of therapeutic genes into cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Tissue Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, PR China
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Yu H, Chen Y. Nanotechnology for DNA and RNA delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2012. [DOI: 10.1533/9780857096449.2.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Sharma A, Madhunapantula SV, Robertson GP. Toxicological considerations when creating nanoparticle-based drugs and drug delivery systems. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2011; 8:47-69. [PMID: 22097965 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2012.637916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The biggest challenge faced by the scientific community involved in drug development is to deliver safe and effective dosage of drugs without causing systemic toxicity. Therefore, novel nano-based delivery vehicles specifically targeting tumors but not normal tissues are urgently needed. AREAS COVERED Nanoparticles have beneficial aspects but can be toxic themselves, which is always a concern for any drug or delivery agent. This review examines and details the toxicological aspects that should be considered when planning to use nanoparticles in animals or in man for drug delivery or imaging. Subjects discussed in this review include i) overviews of applications of various nanoparticles for drug delivery and imaging; ii) toxicological aspects to consider when selecting particular nanoparticles for use in various applications in animals or man; iii) hurdles faced when examining nanoparticle toxicity; and iv) current approaches for assessing nanoparticle toxicity. EXPERT OPINION Nanotechnology has significant potential for advancing therapeutic efficacy and imaging in cancer; however, these agents can be toxic. Therefore, toxicity needs to be considered when selecting nanoparticles for a particular application. Methods for assessing nanoparticle toxicity need to be improved and standardized across all nanotechnology platforms in order to speed up the application of nanoparticle use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arati Sharma
- The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, R130, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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Channarong S, Chaicumpa W, Sinchaipanid N, Mitrevej A. Development and evaluation of chitosan-coated liposomes for oral DNA vaccine: the improvement of Peyer's patch targeting using a polyplex-loaded liposomes. AAPS PharmSciTech 2011; 12:192-200. [PMID: 21194014 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-010-9559-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop chitosan-coated and polyplex-loaded liposomes (PLLs) containing DNA vaccine for Peyer's patch targeting. Plain liposomes carrying plasmid pRc/CMV-HBs were prepared by the reverse-phase evaporation method. Chitosan coating was carried out by incubation of the liposomal suspensions with chitosan solution. Main lipid components of liposomes were phosphatidylcholine/cholesterol. Sodium deoxycholate and dicetyl phosphate were used as negative charge inducers. The zeta potentials of plain liposomes were strongly affected by the pH of the medium. Coating with chitosan variably increased the surface charges of the liposomes. To increase the zeta potential and stability of the liposome, chitosan was also used as a DNA condensing agent to form a polyplex. The PLLs were coated with chitosan solution. In vivo study of PLLs was carried out in comparison with chitosan-coated liposomes using plasmid encoding green fluorescence protein as a reporter. A single dose of plasmid equal to 100 μg was intragastrically inoculated into BALB/c mice. The expression of green fluorescence protein (GFP) was detected after 24 h using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The signal of GFP was obtained from positively charged chitosan-coated liposomes but found only at the upper part of duodenum. With chitosan-coated PLL540, the signal of GFP was found throughout the intestine. Chitosan-coated PLL demonstrated a higher potential to deliver the DNA to the distal intestine than the chitosan-coated liposomes due to the increase in permanent positive surface charges and the decreased enzymatic degradation.
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Rahmanzadeh R, Rai P, Celli JP, Rizvi I, Baron-Lühr B, Gerdes J, Hasan T. Ki-67 as a molecular target for therapy in an in vitro three-dimensional model for ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 2010; 70:9234-42. [PMID: 21045152 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Targeting molecular markers and pathways implicated in cancer cell growth is a promising avenue for developing effective therapies. Although the Ki-67 protein (pKi-67) is a key marker associated with aggressively proliferating cancer cells and poor prognosis, its full potential as a therapeutic target has never before been successfully shown. In this regard, its nuclear localization presents a major hurdle because of the need for intracellular and intranuclear delivery of targeting and therapeutic moieties. Using a liposomally encapsulated construct, we show for the first time the specific delivery of a Ki-67-directed antibody and subsequent light-triggered death in the human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-5. Photoimmunoconjugate-encapsulating liposomes (PICEL) were constructed from anti-pKi-67 antibodies conjugated to fluorescein 5(6)-isothiocyanate, as a photoactivatable agent, followed by encapsulation in noncationic liposomes. Nucleolar localization of the PICELs was confirmed by confocal imaging. Photodynamic activation with PICELs specifically killed pKi-67-positive cancer cells both in monolayer and in three-dimensional (3D) cultures of OVCAR-5 cells, with the antibody TuBB-9 targeting a physiologically active form of pKi-67 but not with MIB-1, directed to a different epitope. This is the first demonstration of (a) the exploitation of Ki-67 as a molecular target for therapy and (b) specific delivery of an antibody to the nucleolus in monolayer cancer cells and in an in vitro 3D model system. In view of the ubiquity of pKi-67 in proliferating cells in cancer and the specificity of targeting in 3D multicellular acini, these findings are promising and the approach merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramtin Rahmanzadeh
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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