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Angel S, M V, Pradhan P. Cardiac Tamponade and Myocardial Infarction: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e63284. [PMID: 39070503 PMCID: PMC11283069 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent times, there has been a concerning rise in the incidence of sudden death among individuals in middle age. Predominantly, cardiovascular diseases emerge as the leading cause behind such untimely fatalities. Myocardial infarction and its subsequent complications stand out as the most frequently encountered scenarios in these tragic events. Despite being a relatively uncommon occurrence, cardiac tamponade represents one of the rare yet fatal complications that can ensue following a myocardial infarction. This condition manifests when the pericardial cavity becomes filled with either blood or blood clots, impeding the heart's normal functioning. Typically, patients experiencing cardiac tamponade are often reported to have succumbed to sudden death, with a preceding history of chest pain being a common indicator. The definitive diagnosis of cardiac tamponade usually occurs during post-mortem examinations. We consider the case of a 38-year-old man who was discovered unconscious at his residence and was pronounced dead upon arrival at the hospital. Subsequent autopsy findings unveiled the presence of both blood and blood clots within the pericardial cavity, in conjunction with a rupture in the right ventricle and occlusion of the left coronary artery. Histopathological analysis further confirmed the root cause of this tragic event as an acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Angel
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | - Venkatesan M
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
| | - Priyadarshee Pradhan
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, IND
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2
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Lorusso R, Cubeddu RJ, Matteucci M, Ronco D, Moreno PR. Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm and Free Wall Rupture After Acute Myocardial Infarction: JACC Focus Seminar 4/5. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1902-1916. [PMID: 38719370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2023.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Postinfarction ventricular free-wall rupture is a rare mechanical complication, accounting for <0.01% to 0.02% of cases. As an often-catastrophic event, death typically ensues within minutes due to sudden massive hemopericardium resulting in cardiac tamponade. Early recognition is pivotal, and may allow for pericardial drainage and open surgical repair as the only emergent life-saving procedure. In cases of contained rupture with pseudo-aneurysm (PSA) formation, hospitalization with subsequent early surgical intervention is warranted. Not uncommonly, PSA may go unrecognized in asymptomatic patients and diagnosed late during subsequent cardiac imaging. In these patients, the unsettling risk of complete rupture demands early surgical repair. Novel developments, in the field of transcatheter-based therapies and multimodality imaging, have enabled percutaneous PSA repair as a feasible alternate strategy for patients at high or prohibitive surgical risk. Contemporary advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of postmyocardial infarction ventricular free-wall rupture and PSA are provided in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lorusso
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, the Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Roberto J Cubeddu
- NCH Rooney Heart Institute, Section for Structural Heart Disease, NCH Healthcare System, Naples, Florida, USA; Igor Palacios Fellow Fouldation, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matteo Matteucci
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, the Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands; Cardiac Surgery Unit, ASSTSette Laghi, Varese, Italy
| | - Daniele Ronco
- Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, the Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, the Netherlands; Cardiac Surgery Unit, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Pedro R Moreno
- Igor Palacios Fellow Fouldation, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
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3
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Zeymer U, Heer T, Ouarrak T, Akin I, Noc M, Stepinska J, Oldroyd K, Serpytis P, Montalescot G, Huber K, Windecker S, Savonitto S, Vrints C, Schneider S, Desch S, Thiele H. Current spectrum and outcomes of infarct-related cardiogenic shock: insights from the CULPRIT-SHOCK registry and randomized controlled trial. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CARE 2024; 13:335-346. [PMID: 38349233 DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuae020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS We analysed consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS) who were enrolled into the CULPRIT-SHOCK randomized controlled trial (RCT) and those with exclusion criteria who were included into the accompanying registry. METHODS AND RESULTS In total, 1075 patients with infarct-related CS were screened for CULPRIT-SHOCK in 83 specialized centres in Europe; 369 of them had exclusion criteria for the RCT and were enrolled into the registry. Patients were followed over 1 year. The mean age was 68 years and 260 (25%) were women. 13.5%, 30.9%, and 55.6% had one-vessel, two-vessel, and three-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD), respectively. Significant left main (LM) coronary artery stenosis was present in 8.0%. 54.2% of the patients had cardiac arrest before admission. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 3 patency of the infarct vessel after percutaneous coronary intervention was achieved in 83.6% of all patients. Mechanical circulatory support was applied in one-third of patients. Total mortality after 30 days and 1 year was 47.6% and 52.9%. Mortality after 1 year was highest in patients with LM coronary artery stenosis (63.5%), followed by three-vessel (56.6%), two-vessel (49.8%), and one-vessel CAD (38.6%), respectively. Mechanical complications were rare (21/1008; 2.1%) but associated with a high mortality of 66.7% after 1 year. CONCLUSION In specialized centres in Europe, short- and long-term mortality of patients with infarct-related CS treated with an invasive strategy is still high and mainly depends on the extent of CAD. Therefore, there is still a need for improvement of care to improve the prognosis of infarct-related CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Zeymer
- Department of Cardiology, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Bremserstraße 79, 67063 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Stiftung Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Bremserstraße 79, 67063 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Tobias Heer
- Department of Cardiology, München Klinik Neuperlach, Academic Teaching Hospital, LMU University of Munich, Oskar-Maria-Graf-Ring 51, 81737 Munich, Germany
| | - Taoufik Ouarrak
- Stiftung Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Bremserstraße 79, 67063 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- Department of Cardiology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marko Noc
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janina Stepinska
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Keith Oldroyd
- Department of Cardiology, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Pranas Serpytis
- Department of Cardiology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Giles Montalescot
- Department of Cardiology, ACTION Study Group, Sorbonne Université Paris 6, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Kurt Huber
- Department of Cardiology, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical School, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan Windecker
- Department of Cardiology, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Christiaan Vrints
- Department of Cardiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steffen Schneider
- Stiftung Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Bremserstraße 79, 67063 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Steffen Desch
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
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Yang J, Liu X, Song Y. One case of acute myocardial infarction combined with cardiac rupture. Asian J Surg 2024:S1015-9584(24)00609-2. [PMID: 38609823 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.03.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yanyan Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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5
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McCabe JM, Chung CJ. Surgical and transcatheter treatments of mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction. Heart 2024; 110:531-539. [PMID: 37524501 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2022-321573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James M McCabe
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Christine J Chung
- Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Kongkatong M, Ottenhoff J, Thom C, Han D. Focused Ultrasonography in Cardiac Arrest. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2023; 41:633-675. [PMID: 37391255 DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Rapid diagnostic tools available to the emergency physician caring for cardiac arrest patients are limited. Focused ultrasound (US), and in particular, focused echocardiography, is a useful tool in the evaluation of patients in cardiac arrest. It can help identify possible causes of cardiac arrest like tamponade and pulmonary embolism, which can guide therapy. US can also yield prognostic information, with lack of cardiac activity being highly specific for failure to achieve return of spontaneous circulation. US may also be used to aid in procedural guidance. Recently, focused transesophageal echocardiography has been used in the emergency department setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Kongkatong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia Health, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
| | - Jakob Ottenhoff
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia Health, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Christopher Thom
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia Health, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - David Han
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia Health, 1215 Lee Street, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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7
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Hu Y, Liu J, Qian J, Lu H, Ge J. Unveiling a rare case: Cardiac rupture secondary to acute occlusion of the distal left circumflex artery detected by contrast-enhanced spiral CT. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18460. [PMID: 37576269 PMCID: PMC10415615 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A 79-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to intense chest pain. Emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) revealed an occlusion in the distal portion of the left circumflex artery (LCx). The patient suffered from cardiac rupture, an uncommon yet extremely perilous condition, within 30 minutes following the procedure. This was verified through a computed tomography angiography (CTA) scan and bedside echocardiography. The etiology of cardiac rupture remains elusive, yet potential factors such as the patient's age, gender, initial acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and single-vessel disease without collateral circulation may be linked to this occurrence. This case report emphasizes that occluded tiny distal coronary arteries can also induce cardiac rupture and that a sufficient level of suspicion for the diagnosis of cardiac rupture should be raised when adequate fluid resuscitation fails to alleviate hypotension. Additionally, contrast-enhanced spiral computed tomography (CESCT) is highly effective in revealing certain pathological features associated with cardiac rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Junzhen Liu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Juying Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Sánchez-Luna JP, Amat-Santos IJ. Interventional management of mechanical complications in acute myocardial infarction. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2023; 76:362-369. [PMID: 36813110 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical complications following a myocardial infarction are uncommon, but with dramatic consequences and high mortality. The left ventricle is the most often affected cardiac chamber and complications can be classified according to the timing in early (from days to first weeks) or late complications (from weeks to years). Despite the decrease in the incidence of these complications thank to primary percutaneous coronary intervention programs -wherever this option is available-, the mortality is still significant and these infrequent complications are an emergent scenario and one of the most important causes of mortality at short term in patients with myocardial infarction. Mechanical circulatory support devices, especially if minimally invasive implantation is used avoiding thoracotomy, have improved the prognosis of these patients by providing stability until definitive treatment can be applied. On the other hand, the growing experience in transcatheter interventions for the treatment of ventricular septal rupture or acute mitral regurgitation has been associated to an improvement in their results, even though prospective clinical evidence is still missing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Sánchez-Luna
- Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España
| | - Ignacio J Amat-Santos
- Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, España; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Spain.
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Lal Vallath A, Sivasubramanian BP, Chatterjee A, Erva S, Ravikumar DB, Dasgupta I. Ventricular Septal Rupture and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Assisted Healthcare. Cureus 2023; 15:e36581. [PMID: 37095800 PMCID: PMC10122442 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This case report highlights the use of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) for the diagnosis of ventricular septal rupture (VSR), a severe consequence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). VSR has a broad spectrum of signs and inconspicuous symptoms, making the diagnosis difficult. POCUS offers non-invasive, real-time cardiac imaging and has an advantage over other methods due to its ability to identify VSR early. Here we present a 63-year-old female with a history of type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism, hyperlipidemia, and a family history of cardiovascular disease, who came to the ED with chest pain for three days, palpitations, and dyspnea at rest. On examination, the patient was hypotensive, tachycardic, and had crackles with a harsh holosystolic murmur. An EKG and elevated troponin levels suggested acute on chronic anterior-lateral wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Resuscitation efforts were initiated, followed by a lung ultrasound that revealed good lung sliding and multiple B lines without pleural thickening, indicating pulmonary edema. Echocardiography revealed ischemic heart disease with moderate left ventricle (LV) systolic dysfunction and a 14 mm apical ventricular septal rupture (hypokinetic thinning of the anterior wall, septum, apex, and anterolateral wall with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 39%). The presence of flow on color Doppler across the interventricular septum, showing left-to-right shunting, led to a definitive diagnosis of acute-on-chronic myocardial infarction (MI) with ventricular septal rupture. The case report also emphasizes how modern AI applications like ChatGPT (OpenAI, San Francisco, California, United States), aid in language and research, saving time and redefining the healthcare and research industry. As a result, we are confident that AI-assisted healthcare will be the next global breakthrough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Lal Vallath
- Emergency Medicine, Peerless Hospital and B. K. Roy Research Centre, Kolkata, IND
| | - Barath Prashanth Sivasubramanian
- Internal Medicine, Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College & Employees State Insurance Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (ESIC MC & PGIMSR), Chennai, IND
| | - Aryapriyo Chatterjee
- Emergency Medicine, Peerless Hospital and B. K. Roy Research Centre, Kolkata, IND
| | - Snigdha Erva
- Internal Medicine, MNR (M. N. Raju) Medical College and Hospital, Fasalwadi, IND
| | - Diviya Bharathi Ravikumar
- Internal Medicine, Employees State Insurance Corporation Medical College & Employees State Insurance Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (ESIC MC & PGIMSR), Chennai, IND
| | - Indraneel Dasgupta
- Emergency Medicine, Peerless Hospital and B. K. Roy Research Centre, Kolkata, IND
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Tratamiento intervencionista de las complicaciones mecánicas en el infarto agudo de miocardio. Rev Esp Cardiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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11
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Murphy A, Goldberg S. Mechanical Complications of Myocardial Infarction. Am J Med 2022; 135:1401-1409. [PMID: 36075485 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2022.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical complications of myocardial infarction include rupture of a papillary muscle, ventricular septum, and free wall. Since the advent of acute coronary reperfusion, there has been a significant reduction in the incidence of these complications. One must have a high index of suspicion for a mechanical complication in any patient who develops cardiogenic shock in the days following a myocardial infarction. The most important diagnostic investigation in evaluation of these complications is echocardiography. Although there is a role for mechanical circulatory support, urgent surgical repair is required in most cases. We will review the predictors, clinical features, diagnostic, and management strategies in patients with these complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Murphy
- Pennsylvania Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia.
| | - Sheldon Goldberg
- Pennsylvania Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia
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12
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Meuwese CL, Brodie D, Donker DW. The ABCDE approach to difficult weaning from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Crit Care 2022; 26:216. [PMID: 35841052 PMCID: PMC9284848 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-022-04089-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractVenoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) has been increasingly applied in patients with cardiogenic shock in recent years. Nevertheless, many patients cannot be successfully weaned from VA ECMO support and 1-year mortality remains high. A systematic approach could help to optimize clinical management in favor of weaning by identifying important factors in individual patients. Here, we provide an overview of pivotal factors that potentially prevent successful weaning of VA ECMO. We present this through a rigorous approach following the relatable acronym ABCDE, in order to facilitate widespread use in daily practice.
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Clinical Manifestation of Cardiac Rupture in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Early Versus Late Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Glob Heart 2022; 17:69. [PMID: 36199564 PMCID: PMC9524297 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cardiac rupture is one of the fatal complications of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) in the primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) era. The present study aims to identify risk factors of cardiac rupture among patients suffering from STEMI, treated with early and late PPCI. Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study involving STEMI patients with cardiac rupture (CR group), matched with STEMI patients without CR (control group) in a 1:5 ratio. They were divided into the early (≤ 6 h) and the late (> 6 h) PCI groups. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to identify risk factors for cardiac rupture. Results: Seventy-four patients in the CR and 370 in the control group were included. Multivariable regression identified lateral infarction (OR = 11.89, 95% CI 2.22–63.81, p < 0.01) in the early PCI phase as a significant risk factor for cardiac rupture. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade 0-1 (early PCI: OR = 4.16, 95% CI 1.33-13.0, p = 0.01; late PCI: OR = 4.46, 95% CI 1.59–12.54, p < 0.01) was a risk factor for both early and late PCI groups. In contrast, TIMI grade 2 was associated with a higher rupture risk within the late (OR = 16.87, 95% CI 3.83–74.19, p < 0.001) but not for the early (OR = 5.44, 95% CI 0.76–39.07, p = 0.09) PCI groups. STEMI combined with Killip IV was associated with a higher rupture risk for the late PCI group (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.03–1.99, p = 0.04). Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) was protective against cardiac rupture within early PPCI (OR = 0.18, 95% CI 0.04–0.89, p = 0.04). In contrast, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors were associated with lower rupture risks in both the early and late groups (early PCI: OR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.17–0.87, p = 0.02; late PCI: OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.15–0.75, p < 0.01). Conclusions: No reflow or slow blood flow is associated with a higher risk of cardiac rupture in early and late PCI patients. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors are beneficial in preventing heart rupture, and the use of IABP in early PPCI is also helpful in preventing heart rupture.
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Nakahara M, Takemoto M, Arai Y, Tsuchihashi T. A case report of rescue of a patient with a left ventricular free wall rupture associated with a small subtle ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2022; 6:ytac270. [PMID: 35854886 PMCID: PMC9290353 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytac270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Left ventricular (LV) free wall ruptures (LVFWRs) of myocardial infarctions (MIs) are still one of the most fatal mechanical complications after an acute MI (AMI). LVFWRs are estimated to occur in 0.01% to 0.52% of patients following an ST-elevation MI (STEMI) and are rarely reported in the setting of a non- or subtle-ST-elevation MI.
Case summary
We herein present a report of a 92-year-old male rescue case with an LVFWR following a small subtle-STEMI. Contrast cardiac computed tomography was useful to diagnose the LVFWR. An emergent cardiac surgery was performed. Finally, the patient’s life was saved.
Discussion
This case demonstrates that even without clinical evidence of transmural infarction such as non- or subtle-STEMI, those patients may carry a risk of fatal complications including LVFWR, especially in older age and a first lateral wall AMI without collateral flow, as in this present case. Thus, the physicians should be aware of the possibility of LVFWRs even in the setting of an AMI without or with subtle-ST-elevation. High clinical suspicion and vigilance are the cornerstones of a timely and accurate diagnosis of LVFWR. This is the first report of a rescue case of a patient with an LVFWR associated with a subtle-STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Nakahara
- Cardiovascular Center, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital , Kitakyushu, 805-8508 , Japan
| | - Masao Takemoto
- Cardiovascular Center, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital , Kitakyushu, 805-8508 , Japan
| | - Yoshio Arai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kokura Memorial Hospital , Kitakyushu, 802-8555 , Japan
| | - Takuya Tsuchihashi
- Cardiovascular Center, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital , Kitakyushu, 805-8508 , Japan
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Matteucci M, Ronco D, Ravaux JM, Massimi G, Di Mauro M, Houterman S, Maessen J, Beghi C, Severgnini P, Lorusso R. Surgical repair of post-infarction ventricular free-wall rupture in the Netherlands: data from a nationwide registry. Ann Cardiothorac Surg 2022; 11:310-318. [PMID: 35733708 PMCID: PMC9207691 DOI: 10.21037/acs-2021-ami-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular free-wall rupture (VFWR) is an infrequent but catastrophic complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Most reports about outcome after surgical treatment are single-center experiences. We examined the early and mid-term outcomes after surgical repair of post-AMI VFWR using the Netherlands Heart Registration (NHR) database. METHODS We included data from NHR patients (>18 years old) who underwent surgery for post-AMI VFWR between 2014 and 2019. The primary end-point was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications and mid-term survival. RESULTS The study included 148 patients (54.7% male, mean age 66.5±11.1 years). Critical preoperative status was found in 62.6% of subjects. In-hospital mortality was 31.1% (46 of 148). Multivariable analysis identified female sex [odds ratio (OR), 5.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.24-13.46] and critical preoperative status (OR, 4.06; 95% CI: 1.36-12.13) as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. The overall median postoperative follow-up was 2.2 (interquartile range, 0.7-3.8) years. Overall survival rates at three and five years were 58.9% and 55.7%, respectively. Among hospital survivors, only 15 (14.7%) patients died during follow-up, with a five-year survival rate of 80.8%. CONCLUSIONS In-hospital mortality after surgical repair of post-AMI VFWR is considerable. Female sex and preoperative critical status are independent predictors of early postoperative (in-hospital) death. Logistic EuroSCORE I can reliably predict in-hospital mortality (optimal cut-off >33%). Mid-term follow-up of patients surviving in-hospital course shows excellent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Matteucci
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Daniele Ronco
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Justine M. Ravaux
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Giulio Massimi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Michele Di Mauro
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jos Maessen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Cesare Beghi
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Paolo Severgnini
- Department of Biotechnology and Sciences of Life, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
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16
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Ogushi A, Hikoso S, Kitamura T, Nakatani D, Mizuno H, Suna S, Okada K, Dohi T, Sotomi Y, Kida H, Sunaga A, Oeun B, Sato T, Sakata Y, Sato H, Hori M, Komuro I, Iso H, Sakata Y. Factors Associated With Prehospital Delay Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Era of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention - Insights From the OACIS Registry. Circ J 2022; 86:600-608. [PMID: 34955473 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-21-0777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Japan Circulation Society launched the STOP-MI campaign in 2014, focusing on immediate hospital arrival for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) treatment. This study aimed to determine the factors influencing longer prehospital time among patients with AMI in Japan. METHODS AND RESULTS This study analyzed a total of 4,625 AMI patients enrolled in the Osaka Acute Coronary Insufficiency Study registry from 1998 to 2014. The prehospital time delay was defined as the time interval from the onset of initial symptoms to hospital arrival time ≥2 h. Among eligible patients, 2,927 (63.3%) had a prehospital time ≥2 h. In multivariable analyses, age 65-79 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.39), age ≥80 years (AOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.13-1.79), diabetes mellitus (AOR 1.33, 95% CI 1.16-1.52), and onset time of 0:00-5:59 h (AOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.37-1.95) were positively associated with prehospital time ≥2 h, whereas smoking (AOR 0.78, 95% CI 0.68-0.90) and ambulance use (AOR 0.37, 95% CI 0.32-0.43) were negatively associated with prehospital time ≥2 h. CONCLUSIONS Older age, diabetes mellitus, and nighttime onset were associated with prehospital time delay for AMI patients, whereas smoking and ambulance use were associated with no prehospital time delay. Healthcare providers and patients could help reduce the time to get to a medical facility by being aware of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ogushi
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shungo Hikoso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuhisa Kitamura
- Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Daisaku Nakatani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroya Mizuno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shinichiro Suna
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Katsuki Okada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tomoharu Dohi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yohei Sotomi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hirota Kida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Akihiro Sunaga
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Bolrathanak Oeun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Taiki Sato
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasuhiko Sakata
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Development and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
| | - Hiroshi Sato
- School of Human Welfare Studies Health Care Center and Clinic, Kwansei Gakuin University
| | | | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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17
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Ramirez Damera R, Kong A, Khan MI, Patel H, Javaid A. Can Milking-Like Effect Be the First Clue of a Ventricular Free Wall Rupture? Cureus 2022; 14:e23042. [PMID: 35419247 PMCID: PMC8994673 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.23042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventricular free wall rupture (VFWR) is a catastrophic complication of myocardial infarction that poses an imminent surgical emergency. Early recognition is essential as it can expedite the process for a life-saving surgical intervention. We present a case of an acute left VFWR resulting from an underlying myocardial infarction which showed a "milking-like effect" during diagnostic angiography. "Milking-like effect" is an angiographic phenomenon typically seen in myocardial bridging, which occurs due to the compression of the intramyocardial coronary segments during systole. The presence of this phenomenon is believed to occur due to the extrinsic compression of the coronary by the evolving hemopericardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramses Ramirez Damera
- Internal Medicine Residency, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
| | - Alexander Kong
- Internal Medicine Residency, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
| | - Muhammad I Khan
- Internal Medicine Residency, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
| | - Hiren Patel
- Cardiovascular Disease, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Aamir Javaid
- Cardiology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
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18
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Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction. Current Status and Unresolved Targets for Subsequent Research. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245904. [PMID: 34945202 PMCID: PMC8705405 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical reperfusion with primary angioplasty, as the treatment of choice in acute myocardial infarction (MI), is associated not only with a high percentage of full epicardial and tissue reperfusion but also with a very good immediate and long-term clinical outcome. However, the Achilles heel of MI treatment is its ensemble of complications, such as cardiogenic shock due to severe systolic and/or diastolic dysfunction or MI mechanical complications, including perforation of the left ventricular free wall, papillary muscle rupture with acute mitral regurgitation and ventricular septal rupture. They are associated with an increased or, sometimes, with an extremely high mortality rate, determining the overall mortality in an MI patient population. In this review we summarize the mechanisms of MI complications, current therapeutic management and alternative directions for overcoming their devastating consequences. Moreover, we have sought to indicate gaps in the evidence on current treatments as the potential targets for further clinical research. From the perspective of mortality trends that are not improving, the forthcoming therapeutic management of complicated MI will require an individualized and novel approach based on their thorough pathobiology.
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19
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Bouisset F, Deney A, Ferrières J, Panagides V, Becker M, Riviere N, Yvorel C, Commeau P, Adjedj J, Benamer H, Bonnet G, Cayla G. Mechanical complications in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: The impact of pre-hospital delay. Int J Cardiol 2021; 345:14-19. [PMID: 34699868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Mechanical complications (MC) (i.e., free wall rupture (FWR), papillary muscle rupture (PMR) and ventricular septal rupture (VSR)) are rare complications of ST- elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI). Incidence of MC according to pre-hospital delay remains unknown. We aimed to determine the rates of MC according to pre-hospital delay. METHODS Analysis was conducted on the MODIF registry data. Patients were allocated to four groups according to pre-hospital delay: 0 to 12 h, 12 to 24 h, 24 to 36 h and 36 to 48 h. RESULTS 6185 patients with complete data were analyzed. Mean age was 64.1 years old and 75.7% of patients were males. Eighty-three patients (1.34%) presented with MC: 44 (0.71%) experienced a FWR, 17 (0.27%) a PMR, and 22 (0.36%) a VSR. Global rates of MC were 0.82%, 1.43%, 1.24% and 5.07% in the four groups of pre-hospital delays - 0 to 12 h, 12 to 24 h, 24 to 36 h and 36 to 48 h - respectively (p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality rates were high: 44.2%, 47.1% and 54.6% for FWR, PMR and VSR, respectively. In multivariate analysis, factors independently related to the occurrence of MC were older age, female sex, simultaneous COVID-19 infection, absence of dyslipidemia, initial TIMI flow 0 or 1 in the culprit artery, 36 to 48 h-pre-hospital delay and absence of revascularization by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation. CONCLUSION The probability of MC in STEMI increases with pre-hospital delay. Mechanical complications of STEMI remain associated with a very poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Bouisset
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Toulouse, France; Department of Epidemiology INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse, France.
| | - Antoine Deney
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean Ferrières
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Toulouse, France; Department of Epidemiology INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse, France
| | - Vassili Panagides
- Aix-Marseille University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Mathieu Becker
- CHR Metz -Thionville, Metz Hopital de Mercy, Metz, France
| | - Nicolas Riviere
- University of Bordeaux, Hôpital Cardiologique Haut-Lévêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Julien Adjedj
- Institute Arnaud Tzanck, Saint Laurent du Var, France
| | - Hakim Benamer
- Institut Jacques Cartier, Ramsay Générale de Santé, ICPS, Massy, France
| | - Guillaume Bonnet
- University of Bordeaux, Hôpital Cardiologique Haut-Lévêque, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Guillaume Cayla
- Cardiology Department, Nimes University Hospital, Montpellier University, Nimes, France
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20
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Aoun J, Kleiman NS, Goel SS. Diagnosis and Management of Late-presentation ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction and Complications. Interv Cardiol Clin 2021; 10:369-380. [PMID: 34053623 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccl.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of late presentation of myocardial infarction varies between 8.5% and 40%. Late revascularization of an infarct-related artery may limit infarct size and remodeling, reduce electrical instability, and may provide supplemental blood supply to that area via collaterals. Randomized clinical trials have shown a benefit of revascularization in symptomatic and hemodynamically unstable latecomers. Image stress testing can be beneficial to guide management of asymptomatic late presenters. Higher rates of myocardial infarction complications occur with late presentations, so a high level of suspicion is required for early diagnosis. Surgical repair remains the gold standard for management of mechanical complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Aoun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, 6550 Fannin Street, Suite 1901, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Neal S Kleiman
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, 6550 Fannin Street, Suite 1901, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sachin S Goel
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, 6550 Fannin Street, Suite 1901, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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21
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Takagi K, Tanaka A, Yoshioka N, Morita Y, Yoshida R, Kanzaki Y, Watanabe N, Yamauchi R, Komeyama S, Sugiyama H, Shimojo K, Imaoka T, Sakamoto G, Ohi T, Goto H, Ishii H, Morishima I, Murohara T. In-hospital mortality among consecutive patients with ST-Elevation myocardial infarction in modern primary percutaneous intervention era ~ Insights from 15-year data of single-center hospital-based registry ~. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252503. [PMID: 34115767 PMCID: PMC8195354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To clarify the association of detailed angiographic findings with in-hospital outcome after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (p-PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Japan. Background Data regarding the association of detailed angiographic findings with in-hospital outcome after STEMI are limited in the p-PCI era. Methods Between January-2004 and December-2018, 1735 patients with STEMI (mean age, 68.5 years; female, 24.6%) who presented to the hospital in the 24-hours after symptom onset and underwent p-PCI were evaluated using the disease registries. The registry is an ongoing, retrospective, single-center hospital-based registry. Results The 30-day mortality rate and in-hospital mortality rate were 7.7% and 9.2%, respectively. Independent predictors of in-hospital mortality were ejection fraction (EF) < 40% [adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR), 4.446, p < 0.001], culprit lesions in the left coronary artery (LCA) (aOR, 2.940, p < 0.001) compared with those in the right coronary artery, Killip class > II (aOR, 7.438; p < 0.001), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (aOR, 4.056; p < 0.001), final thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grades 0/1/2 (aOR, 1.809; p = 0.03), absence of robust collaterals (aOR, 17.309; p = 0.01) and hypertension (aOR, 0.449; p = 0.01). Conclusions Among the consecutive patients with STEMI, the in-hospital mortality rate after p-PCI significantly improved in the second half. Not only CKD, Killip class > II, and EF < 40%, but also the angiographic findings such as culprit lesions in the LCA, absence of very robust collaterals, and final TIMI grades <3 were associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Takagi
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihito Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Yoshioka
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Morita
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Ruka Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasunori Kanzaki
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Watanabe
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Ryota Yamauchi
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Shotaro Komeyama
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sugiyama
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Kazuki Shimojo
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Takuro Imaoka
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Gaku Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Takuma Ohi
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Goto
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Itsuro Morishima
- Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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22
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Yoneyama K, Ishibashi Y, Koeda Y, Itoh T, Morino Y, Shimohama T, Ako J, Ilari Y, Yoshioka K, Kunishima T, Inami S, Ishikawa T, Sugimura H, Kozuma K, Sugi K, Yoshino H, Akashi YJ. Association between acute myocardial infarction-to-cardiac rupture time and in-hospital mortality risk: a retrospective analysis of multicenter registry data from the Cardiovascular Research Consortium-8 Universities (CIRC-8U). Heart Vessels 2021; 36:782-789. [PMID: 33452916 PMCID: PMC8093173 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-020-01762-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the known association of cardiac rupture with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), it is still unclear whether the clinical characteristics are associated with the risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI complicated by cardiac rupture. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the time of cardiac rupture occurrence and the risk of in-hospital mortality after AMI. We conducted a retrospective analysis of multicenter registry data from eight medical universities in Eastern Japan. From 10,278 consecutive patients with AMI, we included 183 patients who had cardiac rupture after AMI, and examined the incidence of in-hospital deaths during a median follow-up of 26 days. Patients were stratified into three groups according to the AMI-to-cardiac rupture time, namely the > 24-h group (n = 111), 24-48-h group (n = 20), and < 48-h group (n = 52). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and the confidence interval (CI) for in-hospital mortality. Around 87 (48%) patients experienced in-hospital death and 126 (67%) underwent a cardiac surgery. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed a non-linear association across the three groups for mortality (HR [CI]; < 24 h: 1.0, reference; 24-48 h: 0.73 [0.27-1.86]; > 48 h: 2.25 [1.22-4.15]) after adjustments for age, sex, Killip classification, percutaneous coronary intervention, blood pressure, creatinine, peak creatine kinase myocardial band fraction, left ventricular ejection fraction, and type of rupture. Cardiac surgery was independently associated with a reduction in the HR of mortality (HR [CI]: 0.27 [0.12-0.61]) and attenuated the association between the three AMI-to-cardiac rupture time categories and mortality (statistically non-significant) in the Cox model. These data suggest that the AMI-to-cardiac rupture time contributes significantly to the risk of in-hospital mortality; however, rapid diagnosis and prompt surgical interventions are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with cardiac rupture after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihei Yoneyama
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-City, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Yuki Ishibashi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-City, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Yorihiko Koeda
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Tomonori Itoh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Morino
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Takao Shimohama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Junya Ako
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Yuji Ilari
- Division of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yoshioka
- Division of Cardiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kunishima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-City, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan
| | - Shu Inami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ishikawa
- Department of Cardiology, Saitama Medical Center, Dokkyo Medical University, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sugimura
- Division of Cardiology, Nikko Medical Center, Dokkyo Medical University, Nikko, Japan
| | - Ken Kozuma
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiki Sugi
- Division of Cardiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yoshino
- Department of Cardiology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro J Akashi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1, Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki-City, Kanagawa, 216-8511, Japan.
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23
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Matteucci M, Formica F, Kowalewski M, Massimi G, Ronco D, Beghi C, Lorusso R. Meta-analysis of surgical treatment for postinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture. J Card Surg 2021; 36:3326-3333. [PMID: 34075615 PMCID: PMC8453579 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Left ventricular free‐wall rupture (LVFWR) is one of the most lethal complications after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The optimal therapeutic strategy is controversial. The current meta‐analysis sought to examine the outcome of patients surgically treated for post‐AMI LVFWR. Methods A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify articles reporting outcomes of subjects who underwent LVFWR surgical repair. The primary endpoint was operative mortality. A meta‐analysis was performed to assess the associations of predefined variables of interest and clinical prognosis. Results Of the 3132 retrieved articles, 11 nonrandomized studies, enrolling a total of 363 patients, fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this analysis. The mean age of patients was 68 years. The operative mortality rate was 32% (n = 115). Meta‐analysis revealed reduced operative risk in patients with oozing type rupture, as compared to blowout type (risk ratios [RR]: 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33–0.67; p < .0001); RR was also significantly reduced in subjects in whom LVFWR was treated with sutureless technique, as compared to those undergoing sutured repair (RR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.41–0.83; p = .002). Increased risk of operative mortality was demonstrated in patients who required postoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support (RR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.59–3.60; p < .0001). Conclusions Surgical treatment of postinfarction LVFWR has a high operative mortality rate. Blowout rupture, sutured repair and postoperative ECMO support are factors associated with increased risk of operative mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Matteucci
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesco Formica
- Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Mariusz Kowalewski
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulio Massimi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Ronco
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Cesare Beghi
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Mohamed S, Mazhar K, Patel AJ, Jeeji R, Ridley P, Balacumaraswami L. Off-pump external pericardial patch repair for post-infarct left ventricular free wall rupture: a case series. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab073. [PMID: 33758654 PMCID: PMC7963454 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe an off-pump surgical approach to this challenging condition supported by our results from a case series, which would add to existing literature in the management of this life-threatening complication. We identified seven patients who underwent surgical intervention for left ventricular (LV) free wall rupture at our institution. They were all diagnosed to have cardiac tamponade secondary to free wall rupture of the LV in the presence of acute myocardial infarction. The surgical technique comprised of utilizing an external pericardial patch which was secured using surgical biological glues (fibrin-based sealants or gelatin hydrogels). The 30-day mortality, 1-year survival and 2-year survival were 57, 42 and 42%, respectively. Advanced age, female gender and use of cardiopulmonary bypass were characteristics that were not significantly associated with survival. We advocate the use of an off-pump external pericardial patch repair strategy as a ‘bridge to recovery’ in this extremely high-risk group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mohamed
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-On-Trent, UK
| | - K Mazhar
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-On-Trent, UK
| | - A J Patel
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Jeeji
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-On-Trent, UK
| | - P Ridley
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-On-Trent, UK
| | - L Balacumaraswami
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Stoke University Hospital, Stoke-On-Trent, UK
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Gong FF, Vaitenas I, Malaisrie SC, Maganti K. Mechanical Complications of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Review. JAMA Cardiol 2021; 6:341-349. [PMID: 33295949 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction include left ventricular free-wall rupture, ventricular septal rupture, papillary muscle rupture, pseudoaneurysm, and true aneurysm. With the introduction of early reperfusion therapies, these complications now occur in fewer than 0.1% of patients following an acute myocardial infarction. However, mortality rates have not decreased in parallel, and mechanical complications remain an important determinant of outcomes after myocardial infarction. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to improving outcomes and require an understanding of the clinical findings that should raise suspicion of mechanical complications and the evolving surgical and percutaneous treatment options. Observations Mechanical complications most commonly occur within the first week after myocardial infarction. Cardiogenic shock or acute pulmonary edema are frequent presentations. Echocardiography is usually the first test used to identify the type, location, and hemodynamic consequences of the mechanical complication. Hemodynamic stabilization often requires a combination of medical therapy and mechanical circulatory support. Surgery is the definitive treatment, but the optimal timing remains unclear. Percutaneous therapies are emerging as an alternative treatment option for patients at prohibitive surgical risk. Conclusions and Relevance Mechanical complications present with acute and dramatic hemodynamic deterioration requiring rapid stabilization. Heart team involvement is required to determine appropriate management strategies for patients with mechanical complications after acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fei Gong
- Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Inga Vaitenas
- Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - S Chris Malaisrie
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kameswari Maganti
- Division of Cardiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Matteucci M, Kowalewski M, De Bonis M, Formica F, Jiritano F, Fina D, Meani P, Folliguet T, Bonaros N, Sponga S, Suwalski P, De Martino A, Fischlein T, Troise G, Dato GA, Serraino GF, Shah SH, Scrofani R, Antona C, Fiore A, Kalisnik JM, D'Alessandro S, Villa E, Lodo V, Colli A, Aldobayyan I, Massimi G, Trumello C, Beghi C, Lorusso R. Surgical Treatment of Post-Infarction Left Ventricular Free-Wall Rupture: A Multicenter Study. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 112:1186-1192. [PMID: 33307071 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular free-wall rupture (LVFWR) is an uncommon but serious mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction. Surgical repair, though challenging, is the only definitive treatment. Given the rarity of this condition, however, results after surgery are still not well established. The aim of this study was to review a multicenter experience with the surgical management of post-infarction LVFWR and analyze the associated early outcomes. METHODS Using the CAUTION (Mechanical Complications of Acute Myocardial Infarction: an International Multicenter Cohort Study) database, we identified 140 patients who were surgically treated for post-acute myocardial infarction LVFWR in 15 different centers from 2001 to 2018. The main outcome measured was operative mortality. Multivariate analysis was carried out by constructing a logistic regression model to identify predictors of postoperative mortality. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 69.4 years. The oozing type of LVFWR was observed in 79 patients (56.4%), and the blowout type in 61 (43.6%). Sutured repair was used in the 61.4% of cases. The operative mortality rate was 36.4%. Low cardiac output syndrome was the main cause of perioperative death. Myocardial rerupture after surgery occurred in 10 patients (7.1%). Multivariable analysis revealed that preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (P < .001), cardiac arrest at presentation (P = .011), female sex (P = .044), and the need for preoperative extracorporeal life support (P = .003) were independent predictors for operative mortality. CONCLUSIONS Surgical repair of post-infarction LVFWR carries a high operative mortality. Female sex, preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction, cardiac arrest, and extracorporeal life support are predictors of early mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Matteucci
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
| | - Mariusz Kowalewski
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Clinical Department of Cardiac Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michele De Bonis
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Formica
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Cardiac Surgery Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Cardiac Surgery Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Jiritano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Graecia" University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Dario Fina
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Paolo Meani
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Thierry Folliguet
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, Paris, France
| | - Nikolaos Bonaros
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sandro Sponga
- Cardiothoracic Department, University Hospital of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Piotr Suwalski
- Clinical Department of Cardiac Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Theodor Fischlein
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Klinikum Nürnberg, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Troise
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | | | | | - Shabir Hussain Shah
- Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Carlo Antona
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Fiore
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Henri-Mondor, Créteil, Paris, France
| | - Jurij Matija Kalisnik
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Klinikum Nürnberg, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Stefano D'Alessandro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Cardiac Surgery Clinic, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Villa
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Poliambulanza Foundation Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vittoria Lodo
- Cardiac Surgery Department, Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Colli
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ibrahim Aldobayyan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Giulio Massimi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Cinzia Trumello
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, San Raffaele University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Beghi
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Sachpekidis V, Adamopoulos C, Datsios A, Mosialos L, Stamatiadis N, Gogos C, Poulianitis V, Galanos O, Stratilati S, Styliadis I, Nihoyannopoulos P. A tricky case of cardiogenic shock: Diagnostic challenges in the COVID-19 era. Clin Case Rep 2020; 9:420-424. [PMID: 33362926 PMCID: PMC7753453 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial wall rupture should be considered in patients presenting with hypotension and STEMI especially of delayed onset. Diagnosing this entity in the COVID‐19 era can be challenging—handheld echocardiography may aid toward this end.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Antonios Datsios
- Department of Cardiology Papageorgiou Hospital Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Lampros Mosialos
- Department of Cardiology Papageorgiou Hospital Thessaloniki Greece
| | | | - Christos Gogos
- Department of Cardiology Papageorgiou Hospital Thessaloniki Greece
| | | | - Othonas Galanos
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Papageorgiou Hospital Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Sofia Stratilati
- Department of Radiology Papageorgiou Hospital Thessaloniki Greece
| | | | - Petros Nihoyannopoulos
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Hammersmith Hospital Imperial College London London UK
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28
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Fu Y, Chen M, Sun H, Guo Z, Gao Y, Yang X, Li K, Wang L. Blood group A: a risk factor for heart rupture after acute myocardial infarction. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:471. [PMID: 33143655 PMCID: PMC7641808 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studies have been performed to identify the association between ABO blood groups and coronary artery disease. However, data is scarce about the impact of ABO blood groups on heart rupture (HR) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods We conducted a retrospective case–control study that included 61 consecutive patients with HR after AMI during a period from 1 January 2012 to 1 December 2019. The controls included 600 patients who were selected randomly from 8143 AMI patients without HR in a ratio of 1:10. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify the association between ABO blood groups and HR. Results Patients with blood group A had a greater risk of HR after AMI than those with non-A blood groups (12.35% vs 7.42%, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, gender, heart rate at admission, body mass index (BMI), and systolic blood pressure (SBP), blood group A was independently related to the increased risk of HR after AMI (OR = 2.781, 95% CI 1.174–7.198, P = 0.035), and remained as an independent risk factor of HR after AMI in different multivariate regression models. Conclusion Blood group A is significantly associated with increased HR risk after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mulei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zongsheng Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanfeng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinchun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kuibao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lefeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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29
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Pereira AR, Almeida AR, Cruz I, Lopes LR, Loureiro MJ, Pereira H. [A Complicated "One Segment" Myocardial Infarction: The Role of Cardiovascular Imaging]. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 115:25-30. [PMID: 32935761 PMCID: PMC8386952 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20190323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Pereira
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada - Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Almeida
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada - Portugal
| | - Inês Cruz
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada - Portugal
| | - Luis Rocha Lopes
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, Londres - Inglaterra.,Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London,Londres - Inglaterra.,Centro Cardiovascular, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa - Portugal
| | | | - Hélder Pereira
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada - Portugal.,Centro Cardiovascular, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa - Portugal
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Elbadawi A, Elgendy IY, Mahmoud K, Barakat AF, Mentias A, Mohamed AH, Ogunbayo GO, Megaly M, Saad M, Omer MA, Paniagua D, Abbott JD, Jneid H. Temporal Trends and Outcomes of Mechanical Complications in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2020; 12:1825-1836. [PMID: 31537282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2019.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine the temporal trends and outcomes of mechanical complications after myocardial infarction in the contemporary era. BACKGROUND Data regarding temporal trends and outcomes of mechanical complications after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) are limited in the contemporary era. METHODS The National Inpatient Sample database (2003 to September 2015) was queried to identify all STEMI and NSTEMI hospitalizations. Temporal trends and outcomes of mechanical complications after STEMI and NSTEMI, including papillary muscle rupture, ventricular septal defect, and free wall rupture, were described. RESULTS The analysis included 3,951,861 STEMI and 5,114,270 NSTEMI hospitalizations. Mechanical complications occurred in 10,726 of STEMI hospitalizations (0.27%) and 3,041 of NSTEMI hospitalizations (0.06%), with no changes in trends (p = 0.13 and p = 0.83, respectively). The rates of in-hospital mortality in patients with mechanical complications were 42.4% after STEMI and 18.0% after NSTEMI, with no significant trend changes (p = 0.62 and p = 0.12, respectively). After multivariate adjustment, patients who had mechanical complications after myocardial infarction had higher in-hospital mortality, cardiogenic shock, acute kidney injury, hemodialysis, and respiratory complications compared with those without mechanical complications. Predictors of lower mortality in patients with mechanical complications who developed cardiogenic shock included surgical repair in the STEMI and NSTEMI cohorts and percutaneous coronary intervention in the STEMI cohort. CONCLUSIONS Contemporary data from a large national database show that the rates of mechanical complications are low in patients presenting with STEMI and NSTEMI. Post-myocardial infarction mechanical complications continue to be associated with high mortality rates, which did not improve during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Elbadawi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Islam Y Elgendy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida.
| | - Karim Mahmoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Houston Medical Center, Warner Robbins, Georgia
| | - Amr F Barakat
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amgad Mentias
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ahmed H Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York
| | - Gbolahan O Ogunbayo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Michael Megaly
- Department of Cardiology, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Department of Cardiology, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Marwan Saad
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Mohamed A Omer
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - David Paniagua
- Division of Cardiology, Baylor School of Medicine and the Michael E DeBakey VAMC, Houston, Texas
| | - J Dawn Abbott
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Hani Jneid
- Division of Cardiology, Baylor School of Medicine and the Michael E DeBakey VAMC, Houston, Texas
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Li X, Wang Y, Wang D, Lai C, Wang C. The evolution of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm from the rupture of left ventricular free wall following acute myocardial infarction: a case report. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:5. [PMID: 31914935 PMCID: PMC6947824 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-01321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is a very rare complication following acute myocardial infarction, which results from a free wall rupture. Hemopericardium and cardiac tamponade caused by rupture of the free wall after acute myocardial infarction are often fatal. It is difficult to fully document the evolution of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm resulted from acute myocardial infarction with conservative treatment. CASE PRESENTATION Herein, we followed a 75-year-old female patient for 3 years. Recorded the evolution of the disease: acute lateral myocardial infarction - emergency reperfusion therapy - cardiac rupture - positive successful rescue - the pseudoaneurysm formation - maintaining conservative treatment - gradual enlargement of the pseudoaneurysm - thrombosis in pseudoaneurysm - thrombus filling with pseudoaneurysm - finally stabilized condition - the treatment of coronary revascularization. CONCLUSIONS This case is reported here because of its scarcity, which provides provides us with a complete record of the entire evolution and an astonishing indication of the long-term prognosis of non-surgical treatment for pseudoventricular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, 83 Jintang Road , Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, 83 Jintang Road , Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Ultrasonic, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Chaohui Lai
- Department of Cardiovascular, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, 83 Jintang Road , Hedong District, Tianjin, 300170, China
| | - Chenxin Wang
- Department of Respiratory medicine, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
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Abstract
Background: Cardiac rupture (CR) is a major lethal complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, no valid risk score model was found to predict CR after AMI in previous researches. This study aimed to establish a simple model to assess risk of CR after AMI, which could be easily used in a clinical environment. Methods: This was a retrospective case-control study that included 53 consecutive patients with CR after AMI during a period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017. The controls included 524 patients who were selected randomly from 7932 AMI patients without CR at a 1:10 ratio. Risk factors for CR were identified using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Risk score model was developed based on multiple regression coefficients. Performance of risk model was evaluated using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves and internal validity was explored using bootstrap analysis. Results: Among all 7985 AMI patients, 53 (0.67%) had CR (free wall rupture, n = 39; ventricular septal rupture, n = 14). Hospital mortalities were 92.5% and 4.01% in patients with and without CR (P < 0.001). Independent variables associated with CR included: older age, female gender, higher heart rate at admission, body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2, lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and no primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) treatment. In ROC analysis, our CR risk assess model demonstrated a very good discriminate power (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.895, 95% confidence interval: 0.845–0.944, optimism-corrected AUC = 0.821, P < 0.001). Conclusion: This study developed a novel risk score model to help predict CR after AMI, which had high accuracy and was very simple to use.
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Montrief T, Davis WT, Koyfman A, Long B. Mechanical, inflammatory, and embolic complications of myocardial infarction: An emergency medicine review. Am J Emerg Med 2019; 37:1175-1183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Matteucci M, Fina D, Jiritano F, Blankesteijn WM, Raffa GM, Kowalewski M, Beghi C, Lorusso R. Sutured and sutureless repair of postinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture: a systematic review. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2019; 56:840-848. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezz101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
SummaryPostinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture is a potentially catastrophic event. Emergency surgical intervention is almost invariably required, but the most appropriate surgical procedure remains controversial. A systematic review, from 1993 onwards, of all available reports in the literature about patients undergoing sutured or sutureless repair of postinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture was performed. Twenty-five studies were selected, with a total of 209 patients analysed. Sutured repair was used in 55.5% of cases, and sutureless repair in the remaining cases. Postoperative in-hospital mortality was 13.8% in the sutured group, while it was 14% in the sutureless group. A trend towards a higher rate of in-hospital rerupture was observed in the sutureless technique. The most common cause of in-hospital mortality (44%) was low cardiac output syndrome. In conclusion, sutured and sutureless repair for postinfarction left ventricular free-wall rupture showed comparable in-hospital mortality. However, because of the limited number of patients and the variability of surgical strategies in each reported series, further studies are required to provide more consistent data and lines of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Matteucci
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Dario Fina
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Jiritano
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - W Matthijs Blankesteijn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Maria Raffa
- Department for the Treatment and Study of Cardiothoracic Diseases and Cardiothoracic Transplantation, ISMETT-IRCCS (Instituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta specializzazione), Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariusz Kowalewski
- Clinical Department of Cardiac Surgery, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cesare Beghi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Circolo Hospital, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Lorusso
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart and Vascular Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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Gannon MP, Graver LM, Singh A. Sutureless repair of spontaneous coronary dissection with free wall rupture and cardiac tamponade. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2019; 93:E378-E380. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Gannon
- Department of Cardiology; Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, North Shore University Hospital; Manhasset New York
| | - L. Michael Graver
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, North Shore University Hospital; Manhasset New York
| | - Avneet Singh
- Department of Cardiology; Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, North Shore University Hospital; Manhasset New York
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Lee JH, Kim MS, Kim EJ, Park DG, Cho HJ, Yoo BS, Kang SM, Choi DJ. KSHF Guidelines for the Management of Acute Heart Failure: Part I. Definition, Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Acute Heart Failure. Korean Circ J 2019; 49:1-21. [PMID: 30637993 PMCID: PMC6331322 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2018.0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is on the rise due to the aging of society. Furthermore, the continuous progress and widespread adoption of screening and diagnostic strategies have led to an increase in the detection rate of HF, effectively increasing the number of patients requiring monitoring and treatment. Because HF is associated with substantial rates of mortality and morbidity, as well as high socioeconomic burden, there is an increasing need for developing specific guidelines for HF management. The Korean guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic HF were introduced in March 2016. However, chronic and acute heart failure (AHF) represent distinct disease entities. Here, we introduce the Korean guidelines for the management of AHF with reduced or preserved ejection fraction. Part I of this guideline covers the definition, epidemiology, and diagnosis of AHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Min Seok Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eung Ju Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae Gyun Park
- Division of Cardiology, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jai Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Su Yoo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seok Min Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ju Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
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Roth CP, Qarmali M, Litovsky SH, Brott BC. Myocardial rupture after small acute myocardial infarction in the absence of coronary artery disease. Cardiovasc Pathol 2018; 37:26-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Koutsampasopoulos K, Grigoriadis S, Vogiatzis I. Exertional dyspnea after myocardial infarction: thinking beyond the diagnosis of heart failure. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:4769-4774. [PMID: 30185091 PMCID: PMC6259387 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518785834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We herein present an unusual case of a pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricular myocardium, which is a rare and fatal complication of myocardial infarction. CASE REPORT A 64-year-old man with a history of bipolar disorder and arterial hypertension was hospitalized for delayed presentation ST-elevation myocardial infarction. He was admitted to our hospital 24 hours after symptom onset. Diagnostic coronary angiography revealed 95% stenosis at the distal third of the right coronary artery, and he underwent a primary percutaneous coronary intervention to the culprit lesion. Despite administration of a diuretic and optimization of other pharmaceutical treatment, his heart failure deteriorated. Electrocardiography showed a sinus rhythm with Q-wave formation in the inferior wall leads (II, III, aVF), T-wave inversion in the same leads, and borderline QT prolongation (QTc of 490 ms). No ST elevation suggestive of left ventricular aneurysm formation was noticed. Forty days later, cardiac ultrasound revealed a dyskinetic cavity (pseudoaneurysm) in continuity with the posterior-inferior wall of the myocardium, resulting in severe mitral valve regurgitation. Unfortunately, the patient died while awaiting surgical treatment. CONCLUSION Although most patients with left ventricular pseudoaneurysm have a relatively benign outcome, those with symptoms of heart failure must be urgently diagnosed and treated.
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Formica F, Mariani S, Singh G, D’Alessandro S, Messina LA, Jones N, Bamodu OA, Sangalli F, Paolini G. Postinfarction left ventricular free wall rupture: a 17-year single-centre experience. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2018; 53:150-156. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezx271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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Abstract
Patients with their first myocardial infarction (MI), who present to the emergency department many hours after the onset of chest pain, who appear to be improving but suddenly develop new chest pain and unexpected hypotension (with or without signs of cardiac tamponade), should be suspected of having ventricular free wall rupture (VFWR). The mainstay of treatment is surgery. These patients may be managed with the administration of fluids, cautious use of inotropes and echocardiographic scanning, which should be performed on an emergent basis, while being prepared to be moved to the emergency surgical suite. However, at no cost should surgery be delayed. This paper reviews the current literature of VFWR after MI, a condition which remains difficult to diagnose, in many aspects, to this day. The review examines the historical background, incidence, postulated risk factors, clinical presentation, investigations and management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Nimbkar
- Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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41
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Durko AP, Budde RPJ, Geleijnse ML, Kappetein AP. Recognition, assessment and management of the mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction. Heart 2017; 104:1216-1223. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2017-311473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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42
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Maruyama S, Nakamura K, Papanicolaou KN, Sano S, Shimizu I, Asaumi Y, van den Hoff MJ, Ouchi N, Recchia FA, Walsh K. Follistatin-like 1 promotes cardiac fibroblast activation and protects the heart from rupture. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:949-66. [PMID: 27234440 PMCID: PMC4967946 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201506151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Follistatin‐like 1 (Fstl1) is a secreted protein that is acutely induced in heart following myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we investigated cell type‐specific regulation of Fstl1 and its function in a murine model of MI. Fstl1 was robustly expressed in fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the infarcted area compared to cardiac myocytes. The conditional ablation of Fstl1 in S100a4‐expressing fibroblast lineage cells (Fstl1‐cfKO mice) led to a reduction in injury‐induced Fstl1 expression and increased mortality due to cardiac rupture during the acute phase. Cardiac rupture was associated with a diminished number of myofibroblasts and decreased expression of extracellular matrix proteins. The infarcts of Fstl1‐cfKO mice displayed weaker birefringence, indicative of thin and loosely packed collagen. Mechanistically, the migratory and proliferative capabilities of cardiac fibroblasts were attenuated by endogenous Fstl1 ablation. The activation of cardiac fibroblasts by Fstl1 was mediated by ERK1/2 but not Smad2/3 signaling. This study reveals that Fstl1 is essential for the acute repair of the infarcted myocardium and that stimulation of early fibroblast activation is a novel function of Fstl1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonomi Maruyama
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazuto Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyriakos N Papanicolaou
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soichi Sano
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yasuhide Asaumi
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maurice J van den Hoff
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Physiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Noriyuki Ouchi
- Molecular Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Fabio A Recchia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Kenneth Walsh
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Mehta LS, Beckie TM, DeVon HA, Grines CL, Krumholz HM, Johnson MN, Lindley KJ, Vaccarino V, Wang TY, Watson KE, Wenger NK. Acute Myocardial Infarction in Women: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2016; 133:916-47. [PMID: 26811316 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 758] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in American women. Since 1984, the annual cardiovascular disease mortality rate has remained greater for women than men; however, over the last decade, there have been marked reductions in cardiovascular disease mortality in women. The dramatic decline in mortality rates for women is attributed partly to an increase in awareness, a greater focus on women and cardiovascular disease risk, and the increased application of evidence-based treatments for established coronary heart disease. This is the first scientific statement from the American Heart Association on acute myocardial infarction in women. Sex-specific differences exist in the presentation, pathophysiological mechanisms, and outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This statement provides a comprehensive review of the current evidence of the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, treatment, and outcomes of women with acute myocardial infarction.
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Okabe T, Julien HM, Kaliyadan AG, Siu H, Marhefka GD. Prompt Recognition of Left Ventricular Free-Wall Rupture Aided by the Use of Contrast Echocardiography. Tex Heart Inst J 2015; 42:474-8. [PMID: 26504446 DOI: 10.14503/thij-14-4447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the modern period of reperfusion, left ventricular free-wall rupture occurs in less than 1% of myocardial infarctions. Typically, acute left ventricular free-wall rupture leads to sudden death from immediate cardiac tamponade. We present the case of a 59-year-old woman who sustained a posterior-wall myocardial infarction and subsequent cardiac arrest with pulseless electrical activity. A bedside transthoracic echocardiogram showed pericardial effusion with cardiac tamponade. Emergency pericardiocentesis yielded 500 mL of blood, and spontaneous circulation returned. Contrast-enhanced echocardiograms revealed inferolateral akinesis and a new, small myocardial slit with systolic extrusion of contrast medium, consistent with left ventricular free-wall rupture. During immediate open-heart surgery, a small hole in an area of necrotic tissue was discovered and repaired. This case highlights the usefulness of bedside contrast-enhanced echocardiography in confirming acute left ventricular free-wall rupture and enabling rapid surgical treatment.
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45
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Windecker S, Kolh P, Alfonso F, Collet JP, Cremer J, Falk V, Filippatos G, Hamm C, Head SJ, Jüni P, Kappetein AP, Kastrati A, Knuuti J, Landmesser U, Laufer G, Neumann FJ, Richter DJ, Schauerte P, Sousa Uva M, Stefanini GG, Taggart DP, Torracca L, Valgimigli M, Wijns W, Witkowski A. 2014 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization. EUROINTERVENTION 2015; 10:1024-94. [PMID: 25187201 DOI: 10.4244/eijy14m09_01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Windecker
- Cardiology, Bern University Hospital, Freiburgstrasse 4, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland
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46
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Zhang ZP, Su X, Liu CW, Song D, Peng J, Wu MX, Yang YC, Liu B, Xu CY, Wang F. Use of intra-aortic balloon pump support for oozing-type cardiac rupture after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Emerg Med 2015; 34:120.e1-3. [PMID: 26145582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular free wall rupture usually leads to acute hemopericardium and sudden cardiac death resulting in cardiac tamponade. Rarely, only a few patients with subacute free wall rupture such as oozing-type ventricular rupture or left ventricular false aneurysm may permit time for pericardiocentesis and surgery. We report a 63-year-old man with ST-elevation myocardial infarction who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention about 12 hours from the onset, and cardiac tamponade occurred on the second day. An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) was immediately inserted for hemodynamic support. After 100 mL of pericardial fresh blood was drained from the percardial cavity, his hemodynamic collapse was promptly improved with IABP support. In the following 24 hours, about 600 mL of hemorrhagic pericardial fluid was drained. The most likely diagnosis was concerning for oozing-type ventricular rupture, and a conservative approach was decided. The patient survived to the acute phase under IABP support and was discharged with complete recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Xi Su
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Dan Song
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu-Chun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Cheng-Yi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan 430022, China
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47
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Immediate coronary artery bypass graft surgery for acute coronary syndrome - Outcomes and trends over the past eight years. COR ET VASA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvasa.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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48
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Liu S, Glavinovic T, Tam JW. Early Diagnosis and Management of Myocardial Rupture. Can J Cardiol 2015; 31:88-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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49
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Orsborne C, Schmitt M. Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after myocardial infarction detected by cardiac MRI. BMJ Case Rep 2014; 2014:bcr-2014-207277. [PMID: 25425353 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-207277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFWR) is a grave complication of acute myocardial infarction. Acutely, it has an extremely high rate of mortality, especially if undetected. Chronically, there is paucity of data on how to manage the pathology, especially if detected as an incidental finding. We present a unique case of initially undetected LVFWR in a patient who presented with repeated chest pain. Cardiac MRI enabled the diagnosis and localisation of the original site of LVFWR and provided highly relevant volume calculations. Measurement of both absolute and virtual volumes indicated that aneurysm resection, including the original site of rupture, was surgically feasible without reducing postoperative stroke volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Orsborne
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Matthias Schmitt
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
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50
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Honda S, Asaumi Y, Yamane T, Nagai T, Miyagi T, Noguchi T, Anzai T, Goto Y, Ishihara M, Nishimura K, Ogawa H, Ishibashi-Ueda H, Yasuda S. Trends in the clinical and pathological characteristics of cardiac rupture in patients with acute myocardial infarction over 35 years. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000984. [PMID: 25332178 PMCID: PMC4323797 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.000984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background There is little known about whether the clinical and pathological characteristics and incidence of cardiac rupture (CR) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have changed over the years. Methods and Results The incidence and clinical characteristics of CR were investigated in patients with AMI, who were divided into 3 cohorts: 1977–1989, 1990–2000, and 2001–2011. Of a total of 5699 patients, 144 were diagnosed with CR and 45 survived. Over the years, the incidence of CR decreased (1977–1989, 3.3%; 1990–2000, 2.8%; 2001–2011, 1.7%; P=0.002) in association with the widespread adoption of reperfusion therapy. The mortality rate of CR decreased (1977–1989, 90%; 1990–2000, 56%; 2001–2011, 50%; P=0.002) in association with an increase in the rate of emergent surgery. In multivariable analysis, first myocardial infarction, anterior infarct, female sex, hypertension, and age >70 years were significant risk factors for CR, whereas impact of hypertension on CR was weaker from 2001 to 2011. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) was a significant protective factor against CR. In 64 autopsy cases with CR, myocardial hemorrhage occurred more frequently in those who underwent PPCI or fibrinolysis than those who did not receive reperfusion therapy (no reperfusion therapy, 18.0%; fibrinolysis, 71.4%; PPCI, 83.3%; P=0.001). Conclusions With the development of medical treatment, the incidence and mortality rate of CR have decreased. However, first myocardial infarction, anterior infarct, female sex, and old age remain important risk factors for CR. Adjunctive cardioprotection against reperfusion‐induced myocardial hemorrhage is emerging in the current PPCI era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Honda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.) Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (S.H., S.Y.)
| | - Yasuhide Asaumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.)
| | - Takafumi Yamane
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.)
| | - Toshiyuki Nagai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.)
| | - Tadayoshi Miyagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.)
| | - Teruo Noguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.)
| | - Toshihisa Anzai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.)
| | - Yoichi Goto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.)
| | - Masaharu Ishihara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.)
| | - Kunihiro Nishimura
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (K.N.)
| | - Hisao Ogawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.) Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (H.O.)
| | - Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.)
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Hospital, Suita, Japan (S.H., Y.A., T.Y., T.N., T.M., T.N., T.A., Y.G., M.I., H.O., H.I.U., S.Y.) Department of Advanced Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan (S.H., S.Y.)
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