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Dourado TMH, Nascimento DC, Rosa MH, Assis VO, Pimenta GF, Alves-Filho JC, Tirapelli CR. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism partially prevents dysfunction of T cell maturation in rats chronically treated with ethanol. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03382-3. [PMID: 39172146 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03382-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Ethanol consumption induces thymic atrophy and affects T cell maturation in the thymus. However, the mechanisms underlying such effects still need to be fully understood. We attempted to investigate the role of mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) on ethanol-induced thymic atrophy, T cell maturation dysfunction, and the role of oxidative stress in such responses. Male Wistar Hannover rats were treated with ethanol (20%; in volume ratio) and/or potassium canrenoate, an antagonist of MR (MRA; 30 mg/kg/day, gavage) for five weeks. Blockade of MR prevented ethanol-induced increases in the number of double-positive (CD4+CD8+), CD8+ single-positive (CD4-CD8+), CD4+ single-positive (CD4+CD8-), and Foxp3+CD4+ (Treg) cells in the thymus. Ethanol increased NOX2-derived superoxide (O2•-), lipoperoxidation, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the thymus. Pretreatment with the MRA fully prevented these responses. Apocynin, an antioxidant, prevented ethanol-induced increases in the number of double-positive and CD8+ single-positive cells but failed to prevent the rise in the number of CD4+ single-positive and Treg cells induced by ethanol. Apocynin, but not the MRA, prevented thymic atrophy induced by ethanol. Our findings provided novel evidence for the participation of MR in thymic dysfunction induced by ethanol consumption. Oxidative stress mediates the increase in double-positive and CD8+ single-positive cells in response to MR activation, while positive regulation of CD4+ single-positive and Treg cells is independent of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a significant mechanism of thymic atrophy associated with ethanol consumption, but this response is independent of MR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales M H Dourado
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP 14040-902, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele C Nascimento
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa Em Doenças Inflamatórias, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos H Rosa
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa Em Doenças Inflamatórias, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victor O Assis
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP 14040-902, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo F Pimenta
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP 14040-902, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José C Alves-Filho
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro de Pesquisa Em Doenças Inflamatórias, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Tirapelli
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, CEP 14040-902, Brazil.
- Departamento de Ciências BioMoleculares, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Budec M, Koko V, Todorović V, Marković D, Postić M, Drndarević N, Spasić A, Mitrović O. Possible mechanism of acute effect of ethanol on intestinal IgA expression in rat. Int Immunopharmacol 2007; 7:858-63. [PMID: 17466919 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2007.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2006] [Revised: 02/14/2007] [Accepted: 02/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible mechanism of acute effect of ethanol on IgA expression in rat intestine. To this end, adult female Wistar rats showing diestrus day 1 were treated with (a) ethanol (2 or 4 g/kg, i.p.); (b) N omega-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), which inhibits the activity of all isoforms of nitric oxide synthase, (30 mg/kg, s.c.) followed by ethanol 3 h later; and (c) L-NAME (30 mg/kg, s.c.) followed by saline 3 h later. Saline-injected and untreated rats were used as controls. The animals were sacrificed 0.5 h after ethanol administration. Intestinal expression of IgA was evaluated by both immunohistochemistry and Western immunoblotting. Morphometric analysis showed that acute ethanol treatment increased the number of IgA-immunoreactive cells in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with L-NAME abolished this action of alcohol. Injection of L-NAME followed by saline had no influence on the number of IgA+cells. The results, obtained by Western immunoblotting, paralleled our immunohistochemical findings. Taken together, these data suggest that acute effect of ethanol on intestinal IgA might be mediated by endogenous nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Budec
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Medical Research, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Xu W, Flick T, Mitchell J, Knowles C, Ault K. Interactive effects of cocaine and gender on thymocytes: a study of in vivo repeated cocaine exposure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY 1998; 20:737-49. [PMID: 9877284 DOI: 10.1016/s0192-0561(98)00061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study used a mouse model including both sexes to assess the impact of repeat cocaine exposure on the differentiation and function of T cell in thymus. Cocaine hydrochloride in 0.9% saline, 5 mg or 40 mg/kg, was administrated by i.p. injection to C57BL/6 mice for 10 days. Thymocytes were obtained 24 h after the 10th injection. Repeat in vivo cocaine exposure inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocytes in response to Con-A and Con-A plus anti-CD28. The proliferation induced by IL-2 in the Con-A stimulated T blasts was attenuated in cocaine treated mice. These effects were seen at a lower cocaine dose in female mice. The total number of thymocytes was reduced. Although the percentage of mature thymocytes (CD4+ CD8- and CD4- CD8+ cells) was not altered, the absolute cell numbers were attenuated. Both percentage and absolute cell number of immature thymocytes (CD4+ CD8+) decreased and the pre-mature (CD4- CD8-) cells increased. CD28 and CD25 expression were attenuated in Con-A stimulated thymocytes of mice treated with cocaine at 40 mg/kg. Interleukin 2 production was not significantly altered, however, gamma-IFN production was decreased by cocaine exposure at 40 mg/kg. In conclusion, cocaine exerts inhibitory effects on the function of mature thymocytes, and on the differentiation of thymocytes. A gender difference in response to cocaine was noted in that female mice were more sensitive to lower dose of cocaine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xu
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, South Portland 04106, USA
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Abstract
This paper is the nineteenth installment of our annual review of research concerning the opiate system. It summarizes papers published during 1996 reporting the behavioral effects of the opiate peptides and antagonists, excluding the purely analgesic effects, although stress-induced analgesia is included. The specific topics covered this year include stress, tolerance and dependence; eating; drinking; gastrointestinal, renal, and hepatic function; mental illness and mood; learning, memory, and reward; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; seizures and other neurological disorders; electrical-related activity; general activity and locomotion; sex, pregnancy, and development; immunological responses; and other behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Olson
- Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
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