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Ahad MA, Parry YK, Willis E, Ullah S. Child maltreatment and psycho-social impairments among child laborers in rural Bangladesh. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024:10.1007/s00127-024-02671-9. [PMID: 38684514 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02671-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current study focused on exploring the impact of maltreatment of child laborers on their psychosocial health condition from the views of their parents. METHODS A total of 100 parents of child laborers were recruited using snowball sampling. The structured questionnaire comprised two validated scales including ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool (ICAST-P), and Paediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) were used for the survey. Factor analysis and multivariable linear regression analysis were performed to examine the data using SPSS version 26, and Stata version 16.1. RESULTS A three-factor model consisting of internalizing, externalizing, and attention associated psycho-social impairments of child laborers were derived from the 35-item scale of PSC tool and represented a good fit to the data. A mean estimate of maltreatment indicates that a majority of child laborers are maltreated psychologically, followed by physical maltreatment and neglect. The factor analysis resulted that maltreated child laborers are highly prone to exhibit internalized psycho-social difficulties, followed by externalized and attention-associated emotional and behavioral difficulties among child laborers. The regression model further depicts that child laborers, who had been physically and psychologically maltreated, are significantly more likely to be affected by internalized and attention-related psycho-social impairments. CONCLUSIONS The study concluded that victimized child laborers exhibited significant internalized, as well as attention-related problems. These findings may be useful for future studies that examine emotional and behavioral problems among maltreated child laborers and, therefore, for developing prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Ahad
- Department of Rural Sociology and Development, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh.
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, SA, Australia.
| | - Yvonne Karen Parry
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, SA, Australia
| | - Eileen Willis
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, SA, Australia
- Research Training Lead, School of Graduate Research, Central Queensland University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shahid Ullah
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, SA, Australia
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2
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Rovira-Remisa MM, Moreira M, Ventura PS, Gonzalez-Alvarez P, Mestres N, Graterol Torres F, Joaquín C, Seuma ARP, Del Mar Martínez-Colls M, Roche A, Ibáñez-Micó S, López-Laso E, Méndez-Hernández MJ, Murillo M, Monlleó-Neila L, Maqueda-Castellote E, Del Toro Riera M, Felipe-Rucián A, Giralt-López M, Cortès-Saladelafont E. Impact of COVID19 pandemic on patients with rare diseases in Spain, with a special focus on inherited metabolic diseases. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 35:100962. [PMID: 36909454 PMCID: PMC9986135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.100962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Covid-19 pandemic soon became an international health emergency raising concern about its impact not only on physical health but also on quality of life and mental health. Rare diseases are chronically debilitating conditions with challenging patient care needs. We aimed to assess the quality of life and mental health of patients with rare diseases in Spain, with a special focus on inherited metabolic disorders (IMD). Methods A prospective case-control study was designed, comparing 459 patients suffering from a rare disease (including 53 patients with IMD) and 446 healthy controls. Quality of life (QoL) and mental health were assessed using validated scales according to age: KINDL-R and the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) for children and the WhoQoL-Bref questionnaire, GAD and PHQ-9 in adults. Results First, children and adults (but not adolescents) with IMD showed greater psychological effects than controls (p = 0.022, p = 0.026 respectively). Second, when comparing QoL, only adult patients with IMD showed worse score than controls (66/100 vs 74,6/100 respectively, p = 0.017). Finally, IMD had better quality of life than other rare neurological and genetic diseases (p = 0.008) or other rare diseases (p < 0.001 respectively) but similar alteration of the mental status. Conclusions Our data show that the pandemic had a negative impact on mental health that is more evident in the group of patients with IMD. Young age would behave as a protective factor on the perception of QoL. Furthermore, patients with IMD show a better QoL than other rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mar Rovira-Remisa
- Unit of Inherited Metabolic Disorders and Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona., Spain
| | - Mónica Moreira
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Paula Sol Ventura
- Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | - Núria Mestres
- Unit of Inherited Metabolic Disorders and Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona., Spain
| | | | - Clara Joaquín
- Unit of Adults Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Agustí Rodríguez-Palmero Seuma
- Unit of Inherited Metabolic Disorders and Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona., Spain
| | - Maria Del Mar Martínez-Colls
- Unit of Pediatric Pneumology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Ana Roche
- Unit of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Salvador Ibáñez-Micó
- Unit of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduardo López-Laso
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Reina Sofía, IMIBIC, CIBERER, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Jesús Méndez-Hernández
- Unit of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Marta Murillo
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Laura Monlleó-Neila
- Unit of Inherited Metabolic Disorders and Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona., Spain
| | - Elena Maqueda-Castellote
- Unit of Inherited Metabolic Disorders and Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona., Spain
| | | | - Ana Felipe-Rucián
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Giralt-López
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
| | - Elisenda Cortès-Saladelafont
- Unit of Inherited Metabolic Disorders and Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona., Spain.,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus Can Ruti, Badalona, Spain
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3
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Ultra-Processed Foods and Drinks Consumption Is Associated with Psychosocial Functioning in Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224831. [PMID: 36432518 PMCID: PMC9694351 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescents show one of the highest rates of ultra-processed foods and drinks (UPF) consumption, and studies indicate an association between their consumption and internalizing problems. We aim to investigate whether UPF consumption associates with dysfunctions in other psychosocial domains, as well as sex effects. In 560 Spanish adolescents (14-17 years old), we assessed the UPF products consumed in the previous day, fruits and vegetables consumption (servings/day), and physical activity (days/week). Psychosocial functioning (total and subscales) was assessed through the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-Youth self-report. Associations between UPF and psychosocial functioning were assessed using linear regression models, adjusting for sex, age, fruits and vegetables consumption, and physical activity. Sex-specific associations were also explored. Participants reported a daily consumption of 7.72 UPF servings per day, with male adolescents showing higher consumption than female adolescents. Consumption of fruits and vegetables and physical activity levels were lower than recommended. Psychosocial impairment was present in 26.2% of the participants. Higher UPF consumption was associated with higher presence of depressive symptoms and internalizing and externalizing problems in the whole sample and in male adolescents. The present study supports previous studies suggesting that UPF consumption may interact with mental health problems and indicates that these effects may go beyond internalizing problems.
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Andrade G, Castelo-Soccio L. How to recognize and approach psychiatric and psychosocial impairments in the pediatric dermatology patient with a primary dermatologic disease. Pediatr Dermatol 2019; 36:759-763. [PMID: 31298424 DOI: 10.1111/pde.13891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Significant psychiatric and psychosocial comorbidity in the pediatric dermatology patient was observed. This paper gives a realistic approach on how to approach these issues in the typical pediatric dermatology clinic. It will outline how to implement a validated screening process, how to discuss these issues with patients, and when and how to make an appropriate mental health referral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Andrade
- Division of Pediatrics, Section of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perlman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Leslie Castelo-Soccio
- Division of Pediatrics, Section of Dermatology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Perlman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Ratcliff MB, Catlin PA, Peugh JL, Siegel RM, Kirk S, Tamm L. Psychosocial Screening Among Youth Seeking Weight Management Treatment. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2018; 57:277-284. [PMID: 28695753 DOI: 10.1177/0009922817715936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to identify rates of, and factors associated with, "at-risk" scores on a brief psychosocial screener among overweight/obese youth seeking weight management treatment, as well as concordance between youth and caregiver reports. A retrospective chart review of 1443 consecutive patients ages 4 to 18 years and their caregivers was conducted. Almost 1 in 4 youth with overweight/obesity presented with psychosocial symptoms in the at-risk range for significant mental health issues based on caregiver report on the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) and 1 in 6 based on youth self-report on the Youth Pediatric Symptom Checklist (Y-PSC). Concordance between caregiver and youth was fair (agreement 24% to 40%). Higher scores were associated with male sex and older age on the PSC and with indication of depressive disorder in the electronic medical record on the Y-PSC. Conducting a brief psychosocial screen in comprehensive weight management programs is feasible and clinically indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan B Ratcliff
- 1 Center for Weight Management at Gwinnett Medical Center, Duluth, GA, USA
- 2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - James L Peugh
- 2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Robert M Siegel
- 2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Shelley Kirk
- 2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Leanne Tamm
- 2 Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Gutiérrez-Colina AM, Lee JL, Reed-Knight B, Hayutin L, Lewis JD, Blount RL. The Pediatric Symptom Checklist: Comparison of symptom profiles using three factor structures between pediatric gastroenterology and general pediatric patients. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2016.1163493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer L. Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Bonney Reed-Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- GI Care for Kids, Atlanta, GA
| | - Lisa Hayutin
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Jeffery D. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
- GI Care for Kids, Atlanta, GA
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Wagner JL, Ferguson PL, Kellermann T, Smith G, Brooks B. Behavioral health referrals in pediatric epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2016; 127:72-77. [PMID: 27565414 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of a behavioral health referral protocol and barriers to behavioral health care in a pediatric epilepsy clinic. A sample of 93 youth with epilepsy ages 10-17 and caregivers completed behavioral health and seizure severity measures during a routine epilepsy clinic visit. Key findings are that 47 (50.5%) of the youth screened positive for a behavioral health referral, and 35 of these youth were referred for behavioral health services. However, only 20% made and presented for the behavioral health appointment. The most commonly cited barrier for accessing and utilizing behavioral health care was stigma related- a mental health label for the child. The significance of this study lies in the revelation that solely screening for and educating caregivers about behavioral health symptoms and providing behavioral health referral information is not an ideal model. Instead, stigma related barriers point to the necessity of continued integrated physical and behavioral health care within the pediatric epilepsy visit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle L Wagner
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Pamela L Ferguson
- Division of General Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Tanja Kellermann
- Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Gigi Smith
- College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Byron Brooks
- Department of Psychology, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
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8
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Lavigne JV, Feldman M, Meyers KM. Screening for Mental Health Problems: Addressing the Base Rate Fallacy for a Sustainable Screening Program in Integrated Primary Care. J Pediatr Psychol 2016; 41:1081-1090. [PMID: 27289070 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsw048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Affordable Care Act has stimulated interest in screening for psychological problems in primary care. Given the scale with which screening might occur, the implications of a problem known as the base rate fallacy need to be considered. METHODS The concepts of sensitivity and specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and the base rate fallacy are discussed. The possibility that a screening program may not improve upon random selection is reviewed, as is the possibility that sequential screening might be useful. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Developing effective screening programs for pediatric mental health problems is highly desirable, and properly addressing the high rate of false positives may improve the likelihood that such programs can be sustained. Consideration needs to be given to the use of sequential screening, which has both advantages and disadvantages, depending upon the type of problem to be screened for and the availability of resources for follow-up evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- John V Lavigne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | - Marissa Feldman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | - Kathryn Mendelsohn Meyers
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
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9
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Lavigne JV, Meyers KM, Feldman M. Systematic Review: Classification Accuracy of Behavioral Screening Measures for Use in Integrated Primary Care Settings. J Pediatr Psychol 2016; 41:1091-1109. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsw049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Various screening questionnaires have been established to identify psychopathology in children and adolescents. Some of these instruments include the pediatric symptom checklist (PSC), the pediatric symptom checklist (CBCL) and reporting questionnaire for children (RQC). However, many of the patients and their families may not speak English, and this can be a barrier to identifying and properly treating monolingual Spanish-speaking patients and families. There is a need for optimal mental health screening in Spanish speaking populations given the continued growth of the United States as a diverse country with complex demographic structure. Because of the diversity within the use of Spanish in Hispanic countries of origin, the aim of this study is to present unified Spanish versions of the RQC and PSC achieved through simultaneously and independently translating them into three versions of Spanish (RQC-SP and PSC-SP). To test the psychiatric validity of RQC-SP and PSC-SP, these both were administered simultaneously along with the Spanish version of the CBCL, which had already been well established. All three of these tools were given to Spanish speaking parents of pediatric outpatients (n = 22) while waiting for their clinic appointments. The RQC-SP had a correlation to the CBCL with R = 0.779 and p < 0.001. The RQC-SP as compared with the CBCL had a false negative of 0/8 (0.00) with a sensitivity of 8/8 = 1.00. The false positives were 2/14 (0.143) and specificity 12/15 (0.85). The PSC-SP correlated with the CBCL with R = 0.897 and p < 0.001. The PSC-SP correlation with the CBCL had false negative of 7/8 (0.875) and sensitivity of 1/8 (0.125) and false positive 0/14 (0.00) and specificity 14/14 (1.00). The RQC-SP and PSC-SP are brief, well-validated, reliable instruments designed.
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11
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Wagner JL, Guilfoyle SM, Rausch J, Modi AC. Psychometric validation of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 in a pediatric population with epilepsy: A methods study. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 51:112-6. [PMID: 26262939 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to address critical gaps in behavioral health care of youth with epilepsy by examining the utility of a brief, well-validated screening instrument, the PSC-17, in a pediatric population with epilepsy. METHOD One hundred eighty-seven caregivers of youth with epilepsy ages 2-17years completed the PSC-17 for their child/adolescent during a routine epilepsy visit. Demographic and seizure information was abstracted from electronic medical record review. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analyses for the PSC-17 revealed an acceptable fit with the 3-factor model, χ(2) (116 [N=187]=204.54, p<0.001, CFI=0.90, TLI=0.88, RMSEA=0.064, SRMSR=0.078). Scale level reliabilities were excellent (0.72-0.85). Interscale correlations were moderate (0.48-0.69). Approximately 1/5th of the sample met clinical cut-offs for the total score of behavioral health concerns. However, an additional 20% of the sample had at least one elevated subscale score despite the total score being in the normative/nonclinical range. SIGNIFICANCE The PSC-17 is a brief, free behavioral health screening tool with adequate to strong validity, reliability, and clinical utility for pediatric populations with epilepsy. Clinicians should consider using the 3 PSC-17 subscale scores instead of the total score to guide referrals for further evaluation as the subscales may provide a more accurate picture of functioning in particular domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle L Wagner
- Medical University of South Carolina, College of Nursing, USA; Medical University of South Carolina, 99 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Medical University of South Carolina, Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, USA; Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Pediatrics, USA.
| | | | | | - Avani C Modi
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, USA
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Factor analysis of the pediatric symptom checklist in a population of children with voiding dysfunction and/or nocturnal enuresis. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2014; 21:72-80. [PMID: 24158241 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-013-9375-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The research objective was to identify the factor structure of the pediatric symptom checklist (PSC) in children with voiding dysfunction and/or nocturnal enuresis who were seen in a pediatric urology clinic. Retrospective chart reviews were conducted for 498 consecutive patients, ages 6-16, who were seen over a 13-month period. The PSC, a 35-item measure used to screen for psychosocial difficulties, was completed by the patient's caregiver. Confirmatory factor analyses using three previous models were conducted. A four factor model comprised of internalizing, externalizing, attention problems, and chronic illness factors represented the best fit to the data. Within this population, the PSC appears to capture internalizing and externalizing problems, difficulties with attention, and possible side effects of a medical condition. This information could aid clinicians in assessing adjustment difficulties within this population and concurrently allow researchers to examine whether these specific factors are related to other relevant outcomes.
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Wagner JL, Smith G, Ferguson PL, Fedele DA. Preliminary Psychometrics of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy-Youth. J Child Neurol 2013; 28:1392-1399. [PMID: 23576412 DOI: 10.1177/0883073813483367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The authors examined the preliminary psychometrics of a depression screening tool for youth with epilepsy. Development involved content analysis, cognitive interviewing, and qualitative analysis. Ninety-three youths with epilepsy aged 10 to 17 years completed the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy-Youth and the depression module of a standardized clinical interview. Caregivers rated seizure severity and completed the Pediatric Symptom Checklist. Results indicated strong reliability indices, including test-retest, κ value, and internal consistency for the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy-Youth. It was significantly associated with the other measures of depression and psychosocial functioning. Factor analyses revealed a 1-factor solution for 9 items, with 35.7% of the variance explained. An optimal cutoff score of 27 resulted in a sensitivity index of 0.80 and a specificity index of 0.71. The Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy-Youth is a screening tool that can be utilized in routine epilepsy care, but further evaluation is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle L Wagner
- 1College of Nursing, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Wolfe-Christensen C, Veenstra AL, Kovacevic L, Elder JS, Lakshmanan Y. Psychosocial Difficulties in Children Referred to Pediatric Urology: A Closer Look. Urology 2012; 80:907-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Stoppelbein L, Greening L, Moll G, Jordan S, Suozzi A. Factor analyses of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 with African-American and Caucasian pediatric populations. J Pediatr Psychol 2011; 37:348-57. [PMID: 22171075 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsr103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To validate a three-factor model for the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17) and evaluate its diagnostic accuracy with African-American and Caucasian children with and without a chronic illness. METHODS Mothers of 723 youth diagnosed with either type I diabetes (n = 210) or sickle cell disease (n = 191) and a nonill peer group (n = 322) completed a demographic questionnaire, the PSC-17, and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). RESULTS Confirmatory factor analyses and tests of measurement invariance validated a three-factor structure for the PSC-17 with African-American and Caucasian youth with and without a chronic illness. Receiver operating characteristic curves revealed optimal cut-off scores that are similar to published reports. CONCLUSIONS A three-factor solution was replicated for the PSC-17 with African-American and Caucasian children with and without a chronic illness. Cut-off scores for identifying children at risk for emotional/behavioral problems were evaluated using the CBCL as the gold standard and are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Stoppelbein
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
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16
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Lowenthal E, Lawler K, Harari N, Moamogwe L, Masunge J, Masedi M, Matome B, Seloilwe E, Jellinek M, Murphy M, Gross R. Validation of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist in HIV-infected Batswana. J Child Adolesc Ment Health 2011; 23:17-28. [PMID: 22685483 DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2011.594245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the validity of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC), a brief measure of psychosocial health, for screening HIV+ Batswana children. METHOD: Setswana versions of the parent and child PSC were administered to 509 HIV+ Batswana children (age 8-16) and their parents/guardians. Test properties were evaluated and cut-off scores were derived using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Scores on the parent-completed PSC and the child-completed PSC-Y were compared to parental and clinic staff reports of concern about the child's psychosocial health and to scores on the Children's Depression Inventory and the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. RESULTS: The Setswana PSC has high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.87 for the parent-completed version). Comparing PSC scores to parental reports of concern and child-reported depression symptoms, a cut-off score of 20 on the PSC and PSC-Y maximised the sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSIONS: The PSC performed well in Setswana-speaking children and is a promising screening tool for paediatric psychosocial problems in busy clinical settings. Screening with the PSC may allow for early detection and treatment of psychosocial problems. This is likely to be of particular value for HIV+ children for whom HIV treatment non-adherence may result from untreated psychosocial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Lowenthal
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3535 Market Street Room 1513, Philadelphia, PA, USA 19104
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Reed-Knight B, Hayutin LG, Lewis JD, Blount RL. Factor Structure of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist with a Pediatric Gastroenterology Sample. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2011; 18:299-306. [DOI: 10.1007/s10880-011-9242-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Norizan A, Shamsuddin K. Predictors of parenting stress among Malaysian mothers of children with Down syndrome. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2010; 54:992-1003. [PMID: 20868445 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2010.01324.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Having children with intellectual disability can be stressful for most parents. Currently there are very few studies focusing on parenting stress among mothers of children with Down syndrome (DS) in Asia. The present study examined the level of parenting stress experienced by Malaysian mothers of children with DS and evaluated the child and maternal factors that contributed to parenting stress based on Hill's ABC-X Model (Hill 1949). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of mothers of children with DS between the ages of 2-12 years during February-June 2008 in Kedah, a state in Peninsular Malaysia. We used self-administered questionnaires to gather data on parenting stress, child's birth history and current behavioural problems, as well as the maternal sociodemographic characteristics, coping styles and psychological well-being. Parental Stress Scale (PSS) was used to assess parenting stress. Measures of child's behavioural problem using Pediatric Symptom Checklist, mother's coping style using Carver et al. (1989) COPE inventory and their psychological well-being using Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) DASS21, a scale assessing depression, anxiety and stress were also carried out. RESULTS The 147 mothers who participated in the study had an average age of 43.1 years (SD = 7.6 years), of whom 94.6% were married, 57.1% had secondary level education and 28.6% were working outside their home. Based on PSS, mean parenting stress was 37.6 (SD = 8.1). Parenting stress was significantly higher among mothers who reported having children with behavioural problems. However, parenting stress was modified by positive coping styles and negative maternal psychological well-being. The final model based on hierarchical regression analysis identified maternal depression and lack of acceptance as significant predictors of parenting stress rather than child's behavioural problems. CONCLUSION Mean parenting stress among mothers of children with DS significantly differed by behavioural problems in their children. Parenting stress is also significantly correlated with frequent use of acceptance, religious and optimist coping styles, and presence of maternal depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms. However, hierarchical regression analysis identified maternal depression and lack of acceptance of having a child with DS as the most significant predictors of parenting stress in these mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Norizan
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Department of Community Health, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wagner JL, Smith GM, Ferguson PL, Wannamaker BB. Caregiver perceptions of seizure severity in pediatric epilepsy. Epilepsia 2009; 50:2102-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02146.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Petersen MC, Kube DA, Whitaker TM, Graff JC, Palmer FB. Prevalence of developmental and behavioral disorders in a pediatric hospital. Pediatrics 2009; 123:e490-5. [PMID: 19254983 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2008-2750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of developmental and behavioral disorders in a convenience sample of children in an acute care pediatric hospital setting. We hypothesized that hospitalized children would have a higher prevalence of developmental and behavioral disorders than the general population. METHODS Data for this cross-sectional study were collected during interviews with primary caregivers of 325 children from infancy throughout childhood who were admitted to a general pediatric service. Screening tests included the Child Development Inventory (3 months to 6 years), Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status (0-8 years), Pediatric Symptom Checklist (4-18 years), and Vanderbilt Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Parent Rating Scale (6-18 years). Children were classified as having a known developmental and behavioral disorder, a suspected developmental and behavioral disorder, or no developmental and behavioral disorder. RESULTS The prevalence of developmental and behavioral disorders among the hospitalized children 6 months to 17 years of age was 33.5%. A total of 72 children (22.1%) had known developmental and behavioral disorders and 37 (11.4%) had suspected developmental and behavioral disorders. This high prevalence of developmental and behavioral disorders included high rates of cerebral palsy (6.1%) and mental retardation or developmental delay (8.6%). CONCLUSION Hospitalization for treatment of acute conditions provides another opportunity for developmental surveillance. This higher prevalence of developmental and behavioral disorders in hospitalized children emphasizes the need to screen for developmental disabilities at every opportunity. Strategies to implement systematic screening of hospitalized children should be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cesar Petersen
- Child Development and Rehabilitation Center, Clinical Services Building, University of Oregon, 901 East 18th Ave, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
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Wagner JL, Smith G. Psychological services in a pediatric epilepsy clinic: Referral patterns and feasibility. Epilepsy Behav 2007; 10:129-33. [PMID: 17161654 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2006] [Revised: 11/01/2006] [Accepted: 11/03/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Referral patterns for on-site psychological services were tracked in a pediatric epilepsy clinic at a university medical center. Results revealed that 84 children treated for seizures were referred to an on-site pediatric psychologist. Behavior problems were the overall most common reason for referral; however, boys were more likely to be referred for disruptive behaviors, and girls were more likely to be referred for internalizing symptoms. Following psychological assessment, brief cognitive-behavioral intervention services were provided on-site in the epilepsy clinic to 39% of children and families. Finally, referral rates for psychological assessment/intervention were likely far below the estimated prevalence rates for psychosocial maladjustment in children with epilepsy. Results, therefore, highlight the necessity of facilitating increased referrals to mental health providers and provide support for the feasibility of on-site mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janelle L Wagner
- Division of Developmental Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Avenue, P.O. Box 250567, Charleston, SC 29452, USA.
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Abstract
This article reviews issues related to behavioral screening in pediatric primary care settings. Structural-organizational issues affecting the use of pediatric primary care screening are discussed. This study also reviewed selected screening instruments that have utility for use in the primary care setting. Clinical and research issues related to screening for behavior problems in pediatric primary care are presented.
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Jordan SS, Hilker KA, Stoppelbein L, Elkin TD, Applegate H, Iyer R. Nocturnal enuresis and psychosocial problems in pediatric sickle cell disease and sibling controls. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2005; 26:404-11. [PMID: 16344656 DOI: 10.1097/00004703-200512000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate current and lifetime prevalence rates of nocturnal enuresis and psychosocial problems among children with sickle cell disease (SCD) in comparison with sibling controls, a structured interview and the Pediatric Symptom Checklist were administered to primary caretakers regarding 126 of their children aged 5 to 17 with SCD and 47 sibling controls. Lifetime rates of enuresis among children with SCD were comparable to similar studies, and exceeded population prevalence and sibling control rates. In addition, enuretic children had higher levels of total psychosocial problems on the Pediatric Symptom Checklist regardless of group status, although patterns of subscale differences varied by group and enuresis history after controlling for child age. These findings replicate and extend previous findings and provide further evidence to support a need for monitoring of hydration levels and screening for psychosocial problems among children with SCD and enuresis, as well as evaluation of the psychometric properties of psychosocial screening measures and identification of efficacious treatments for enuresis in children with SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sytsma Jordan
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg 39406-5025, USA.
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Stoppelbein L, Greening L, Jordan SS, Elkin TD, Moll G, Pullen J. Factor analysis of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist with a chronically ill pediatric population. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2005; 26:349-55. [PMID: 16222174 DOI: 10.1097/00004703-200510000-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The psychometric properties and factor structure of a widely used screening measure for behavioral and emotional dysfunction, the Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC), was extended to a population of chronically ill children. Parents of 404 children ranging from 6 to 17 years of age and diagnosed with either insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or sickle cell disease (SCD) completed the PSC while waiting for a routine medical appointment. The measure's internal consistency was found to be high, Cronbach's alpha = .89, and test-retest reliability across 4 months was observed to be acceptable, r = .77. A principal components analysis with an oblique (promax) rotation yielded a four-factor solution with factors that included items representative of internalizing, externalizing, attention, and chronic illness-related problems, respectively. Cronbach alpha estimates ranged from .78 to .83 for the first three factors but was lower for the chronic illness-related problems factor (Cronbach's alpha = .60). A three-factor solution and reliability estimates were recomputed without the chronic illness items that yielded the same reliability estimates for each of the three factors and for the full scale. The three-factor solution was also found to be similar to a published factor structure obtained with a primary care sample, r(c) = .90-.91. The findings lend support to extending the PSC's clinical utility to tertiary care pediatric settings. Further research is recommended with a broader range of chronic illness groups to increase generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Stoppelbein
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, USA
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Schorre BEH, Vandvik IH. Global assessment of psychosocial functioning in child and adolescent psychiatry. A review of three unidimensional scales (CGAS, GAF, GAPD). Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2004; 13:273-86. [PMID: 15490275 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-004-0390-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Global assessment of functioning represents an important aspect of assessment in clinical practice and research. It can help identify persons in need of psychiatric treatment, have predictive value and measure change over time, including treatment effects. This review examines publications concerning development, psychometric properties and usefulness of three scales for children: Axis-VI in ICD-10 Global Assessment of Psychosocial Disability (GAPD), Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) and Axis-V in DSM-IV Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). It is based on literature searches in PubMed and PsycInfo (1977-2003), and screening of Scandinavian and English textbooks on child psychiatry. The three scales differ in theoretical guidelines, descriptions of codes/anchor points and psychometric aspects. CGAS has been evaluated in 69 papers and 33 have been published on GAF used for children. The one paper comparing GAPD and CGAS found both scales sufficiently reliable for clinical practice. Reliability of CGAS and GAF has been found to vary from fair to substantial, depending on raters, training and diagnostic groups. International consensus for the use of one scale for global assessment of functioning for children 4-18 years would improve reliability in clinical practice and ease comparisons of studies across countries. A training programme would assist in this.
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