1
|
Moraes DA, Machado RB, Koban M, Hoffman GE, Suchecki D. The Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Paradoxical Sleep Deprivation Is Similar to a Psychological Stressor, Whereas the Hypothalamic Response Is Unique. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:885909. [PMID: 35880052 PMCID: PMC9308007 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.885909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressors of different natures induce activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis at different magnitudes. Moreover, the HPA axis response to repeated exposure is usually distinct from that elicited by a single session. Paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) augments ACTH and corticosterone (CORT) levels, but the nature of this stimulus is not yet defined. The purpose of the present study was to qualitatively compare the stress response of animals submitted to PSD to that of rats exposed once or four times to cold, as a physiological stress, movement restraint (RST) as a mixed stressor and predator odour (PRED) as the psychological stressor, whilst animals were submitted for 1 or 4 days to PSD and respective control groups. None of the stressors altered corticotropin releasing factor immunoreactivity in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), median eminence (ME) or central amygdala, compared to control groups, whereas vasopressin immunoreactivity in PSD animals was decreased in the PVN and increased in the ME, indicating augmented activity of this system. ACTH levels were higher after repeated stress or prolonged PSD than after single- or 1 day-exposure and control groups, whereas the CORT response was habituated by repeated stress, but not by 4-days PSD. This dissociation resulted in changes in the CORT : ACTH ratio, with repeated cold and RST decreasing the ratio compared to single exposure, but no change was seen in PRED and PSD groups. Comparing the magnitude and pattern of pituitary-adrenal response to the different stressors, PSD-induced responses were closer to that shown by PRED-exposed rats. In contrast, the hypothalamic response of PSD-exposed rats was unique, inasmuch as this was the only stressor which increased the activity of the vasopressin system. In conclusion, we propose that the pituitary-adrenal response to PSD is similar to that induced by a psychological stressor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo A. Moraes
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo B. Machado
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Psicossomática, Universidade Ibirapuera, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michael Koban
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Gloria E. Hoffman
- Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Deborah Suchecki
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Deborah Suchecki,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ritchie DJ, Friesen CR. Invited review: Thermal effects on oxidative stress in vertebrate ectotherms. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 263:111082. [PMID: 34571153 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.111082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Human-induced climate change is occurring rapidly. Ectothermic organisms are particularly vulnerable to these temperature changes due to their reliance on environmental temperature. The extent of ectothermic thermal adaptation and plasticity in the literature is well documented; however, the role of oxidative stress in these processes needs more attention. Oxidative stress occurs when reactive oxygen species, generated mainly through aerobic respiration, overwhelm antioxidant defences and damage crucial biomolecules. The effects of oxidative damage include the alteration of life-history traits and reductions in whole-organism fitness. Here we review the literature addressing experimental temperature effects on oxidative stress in vertebrate ectotherms. Acute and acclimation temperature treatments produce distinctly different results and highlight the role of phylogeny and thermal adaptation in shaping oxidative stress responses. Acute treatments on organisms adapted to stable environments generally produced significant oxidative stress responses, whilst organisms adapted to variable conditions exhibited capacity to cope with temperature changes and mitigate oxidative stress. In acclimation treatments, the temperature treatments higher than optimal temperatures tended to produce significantly less oxidative stress than lower temperatures in reptiles, whilst in some eurythermal fish species, no oxidative stress response was observed. These results highlight the importance of phylogeny and adaptation to past environmental conditions for temperature-dependent oxidative stress responses. We conclude with recommendations on experimental procedures to investigate these phenomena with reference to thermal plasticity, adaptation and biogeographic variation that provide the most significant benefits to adaptable populations. These results have potential conservation ramifications as they may shed light on the physiological effects of temperature alterations in some vertebrate ectotherms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Ritchie
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, The University of Wollongong, 2522 Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher R Friesen
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, The University of Wollongong, 2522 Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Heydon-Laurence Bldg A08, Science Road, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ibrahim MA, Mohammed SS, Tammam HG, Ibrahim Abdel-Karim R, Farag MM. Histopathological, histochemical and biochemical postmortem changes in induced fatal hypothermia in rats. Forensic Sci Res 2021; 7:211-227. [PMID: 35784407 PMCID: PMC9246044 DOI: 10.1080/20961790.2021.1886656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaching a postmortem diagnosis of hypothermia is challenging in forensic practice. Therefore, this study was conducted to detect the histopathological, histochemical and biochemical changes that occur in adult albino rats following exposure to induced fatal hypothermia. Twenty-four adult albino rats were divided into the negative control, moderate hypothermia, severe hypothermia and hypoxia groups. Rats in the control group were euthanized when those in the moderate hypothermic group died. Blood samples were collected via heart puncture, and the cerebrum, heart, suprarenal gland, kidney, liver and skeletal muscle were removed to investigate the biochemical, histochemical and histopathological changes. Postmortem assessment depicted significant changes in lipid peroxidation, represented by increased malondialdehyde levels in the studied organs of the rats in hypothermic and hypoxia groups. Histopathological examination of the rats’ organs revealed degeneration and necrosis in the hypothermia and hypoxia groups. Sections taken from the severe hypothermic rats revealed a loss of normal cardiac tissue architecture, necrotic changes in the pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex, and massive necrosis, mainly in the tubules of the renal cortex and medulla. These findings suggest that histological changes might be used as biochemical markers for postmortem diagnosing of fatal hypothermia, particularly in severe hypothermic conditions.Key points Death by hypothermia is a serious public health problem worldwide. Confirming a diagnosis and determining the cause of death in cases of hypothermia are among the most difficult practices in forensic medicine. Death by hypothermia might be associated with structural abnormalities in various organs. Studies using different tissue staining techniques will enable an overall illustration of the role of histopathological changes in body organs as indicators of hypothermia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahrous Abdelbasset Ibrahim
- Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia
- Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sally Salem Mohammed
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hany Goda Tammam
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab Ibrahim Abdel-Karim
- Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Medhat Mohammed Farag
- Medical biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, Shaqra University, Shaqraa, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu DL, Xu MM, Wang DH. Effects of air temperatures on antioxidant defense and immunity in Mongolian gerbils. J Therm Biol 2019; 84:111-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
5
|
Xu DL, Xu MM, Wang DH. Effect of temperature on antioxidant defense and innate immunity in Brandt's voles. Zool Res 2019; 40:305-316. [PMID: 31310064 PMCID: PMC6680122 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2019.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient temperature is an important factor influencing many physiological processes, including antioxidant defense and immunity. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that antioxidant defense and immunity are suppressed by high and low temperature treatment in Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii). Thirty male voles were randomly assigned into different temperature groups (4, 23, and 32 °C, n=10 for each group), with the treatment course lasting for 27 d. Results showed that low temperature increased gross energy intake (GEI) and liver, heart, and kidney mass, but decreased body fat mass and dry carcass mass. With the decline in temperature, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration, which is indicative of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, increased in the liver, decreased in the heart, and was unchanged in the kidney, testis, and small intestine. Lipid peroxidation indicated by malonaldehyde (MDA) content in the liver, heart, kidney, testis, and small intestine did not differ among groups, implying that high and low temperature did not cause oxidative damage. Similarly, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the five tissues did not respond to low or high temperature, except for elevation of CAT activity in the testis upon cold exposure. Bacteria killing capacity, which is indicative of innate immunity, was nearly suppressed in the 4 °C group in contrast to the 23 °C group, whereas spleen mass and white blood cells were unaffected by temperature treatment. The levels of testosterone, but not corticosterone, were influenced by temperature treatment, though neither were correlated with innate immunity, H2O2 and MDA levels, or SOD, CAT, and T-AOC activity in any detected tissues. Overall, these results showed that temperature had different influences on oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, and immunity, which depended on the tissues and parameters tested. Up-regulation or maintenance of antioxidant defense might be an important mechanism for voles to survive highly variable environmental temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Li Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu Shandong 273165, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Meng-Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - De-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sánchez-Nuño S, Sanahuja I, Fernández-Alacid L, Ordóñez-Grande B, Carbonell T, Ibarz A. Oxidative attack during temperature fluctuation challenge compromises liver protein homeostasis of a temperate fish model. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 236:110311. [PMID: 31279671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal variations in water temperature are a natural stressor of temperate fish that affect growth performance and metabolism globally. Gilthead sea bream is one of the most economically interesting species in the Mediterranean; but its liver metabolism is affected by the cold season. However, the effects of cold on protein turnover mechanisms have hardly been studied. Here, we study the relationship between liver oxidative status and protein homeostasis pathways during a 50-day low temperature period at 14 °C, and subsequent recovery at two times: 7 days (early recovery) and 30 days (late recovery). Liver redox status was determined by measuring oxidised lipids and proteins, the glutathione redox cycle and major antioxidant enzymes activities. Protein turnover was analysed via liver protein expression of HSP70 and HSP90; proteasome 26S subunits and polyubiquitination, as markers of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS); and cathepsin D, as a lysosomal protease. Low temperature exposure depressed antioxidant enzyme activities, affecting the glutathione redox cycle and reducing total glutathione levels. Both the UPS and lysosomal pathways were also depressed and consequently, oxidised protein accumulated in liver. Interestingly, both protein oxidation and polyubiquitination tagging depended on protein molecular weight. Despite all these alterations, temperature recovery reverted most consequences of the cold at different rates: with delayed recovery of total glutathione levels and oxidised protein degradation with respect to enzyme activities recovery. All these findings demonstrate that protein liver homeostasis is compromised after chronic cold exposure and could be the cause of liver affectations reported in aquaculture of temperate fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Sánchez-Nuño
- Departament Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Sanahuja
- Departament Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Fernández-Alacid
- Departament Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Borja Ordóñez-Grande
- Departament Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Carbonell
- Departament Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Ibarz
- Departament Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ventura-Cots M, Watts AE, Cruz-Lemini M, Shah ND, Ndugga N, McCann P, Barritt AS, Jain A, Ravi S, Fernandez-Carrillo C, Abraldes JG, Altamirano J, Bataller R. Colder Weather and Fewer Sunlight Hours Increase Alcohol Consumption and Alcoholic Cirrhosis Worldwide. Hepatology 2019; 69:1916-1930. [PMID: 30324707 PMCID: PMC6461482 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Risk of alcoholic cirrhosis is determined by genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to investigate if climate has a causal effect on alcohol consumption and its weight on alcoholic cirrhosis. We collected extensive data from 193 sovereign countries as well as 50 states and 3,144 counties in the United States. Data sources included World Health Organization, World Meteorological Organization, and the Institute on Health Metrics and Evaluation. Climate parameters comprised Koppen-Geiger classification, average annual sunshine hours, and average annual temperature. Alcohol consumption data, pattern of drinking, health indicators, and alcohol-attributable fraction (AAF) of cirrhosis were obtained. The global cohort revealed an inverse correlation between mean average temperature and average annual sunshine hours with liters of annual alcohol consumption per capita (Spearman's rho -0.5 and -0.57, respectively). Moreover, the percentage of heavy episodic drinking and total drinkers among population inversely correlated with temperature -0.45 and -0.49 (P < 0.001) and sunshine hours -0.39 and -0.57 (P < 0.001). Importantly, AAF was inversely correlated with temperature -0.45 (P < 0.001) and sunshine hours -0.6 (P < 0.001). At a global level, all included parameters in the univariable and multivariable analysis showed an association with liters of alcohol consumption and drinkers among population once adjusted by potential confounders. In the multivariate analysis, liters of alcohol consumption associated with AAF. In the United States, colder climates showed a positive correlation with the age-standardized prevalence of heavy and binge drinkers. Conclusion: These results suggest that colder climates may play a causal role on AAF mediated by alcohol consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Ventura-Cots
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Deparment of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Liver Unit, Hospital Universitari de la Vall d´Hebrón-Vall d’Hebrón Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ariel E. Watts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Monica Cruz-Lemini
- Fetal Medicine Mexico Foundation, Fetal Surgery Unit, Unidad de Investigación en Neurodesarrollo, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro, México
| | - Neil D. Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Nambi Ndugga
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,Department of Global Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, MPH, Boston, MA
| | - Peter McCann
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - A. Sidney Barritt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Anant Jain
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Deparment of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Samhita Ravi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Deparment of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Carrillo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Deparment of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Juan G. Abraldes
- Cirrhosis Care Clinic (CCC), Liver Unit, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jose Altamirano
- Liver Unit, Hospital Universitari de la Vall d´Hebrón-Vall d’Hebrón Institut de Recerca, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,Deparment of Internal Medicine, Hospital Quironsalud, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Deparment of Medicine, Center for Liver Diseases, Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Khakisahneh S, Zhang XY, Nouri Z, Hao SY, Chi QS, Wang DH. Thyroid hormones mediate metabolic rate and oxidative, anti-oxidative balance at different temperatures in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 216:101-109. [PMID: 30476595 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage is a potential physiological cost of thermoregulation during seasonal adjustments to air temperature (Ta) in small mammals. Here, we hypothesized that Ta affects serum thyroid hormone levels and these hormones can mediate the changes in metabolic rate and oxidative damage. Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) were acclimated at different Tas (5 °C, 23 °C and 37 °C) for 3 weeks. Serum tri-iodothyronine (T3) levels increased at 5 °C but decreased at 37 °C compared to the control (23 °C). Protein carbonyls increased in liver at 37 °C compared with control, however, lipid damage (malonaldehyde, MDA) in both serum and liver was unrelated to Ta. After the effects of different Tas on thyroid hormone levels and oxidative damage markers were determined, we further investigate whether thyroid hormones mediated metabolic rate and oxidative damage. Another set of gerbils received 0.0036% L-thyroxin (hyperthyroid), 0.04% Methylimazol (hypothyroid) or water (control). Hypothyroid group showed a 34% reduction in resting metabolic rate (RMR) also 42% and 26% increases in MDA and liver protein carbonyl respectively, whereas hyperthyroid group had higher RMR, liver mass and superoxide dismutase (SOD) compared to control. Serum T3 or T3/T4 levels were correlated positively with RMR, liver mass, and SOD, but negatively with MDA and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2). We concluded that high Ta induced hypothyroidism, decreased RMR and increased oxidative damage, whereas low Ta induced hyperthyroidism, increased RMR and unchanged oxidative damage. These data supported our hypothesis that thyroid hormones can be a cue to mediate metabolic rate and different aspects of oxidative and antioxidant activities at different Tas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Khakisahneh
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zahra Nouri
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shao-Yan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qing-Sheng Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - De-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Graham JL, Bauer CM, Heidinger BJ, Ketterson ED, Greives TJ. Early-breeding females experience greater telomere loss. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:114-126. [PMID: 30565787 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Annual reproductive success is often highest in individuals that initiate breeding early, yet relatively few individuals start breeding during this apparently optimal time. This suggests that individuals, particularly females who ultimately dictate when offspring are born, incur costs by initiating reproduction early in the season. We hypothesized that increases in the ageing rate of somatic cells may be one such cost. Telomeres, the repetitive DNA sequences on the ends of chromosomes, may be good proxies of biological wear and tear as they shorten with age and in response to stress. Using historical data from a long-term study population of dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis), we found that telomere loss between years was greater in earlier breeding females, regardless of chronological age. There was no relationship between telomere loss and the annual number of eggs laid or chicks that reached independence. However, telomere loss was greater when temperatures were cooler, and cooler temperatures generally occur early in the season. This suggests that environmental conditions could be the primary cause of accelerated telomere loss in early breeders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Graham
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Carolyn M Bauer
- Department of Biology, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York
| | - Britt J Heidinger
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| | | | - Timothy J Greives
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen BJ, Zhang WY, Niu CJ, Li WJ, Jia H, Storey KB. Antioxidant response to acute cold exposure and following recovery in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, Pelodiscus sinensis. J Exp Biol 2019; 222:jeb.197863. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.197863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant defense protects turtles from oxidative stress caused by adverse environment conditions, such as acute thermal fluctuations. However, how these defenses work remains unclear. The present study examined changes in key enzymes of the enzymatic antioxidant system and the glutathione (GSH) system at both the mRNA and enzyme activity levels during acute cold exposure and following recovery in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles, Pelodiscus sinensis. Transcript levels of the upstream regulator NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) were also measured. Turtles were acclimated at 28oC (3 wks), then given acute cold exposure (8oC, 12 h) and finally placed in recovery (28oC, 24 h). The mRNA levels of cerebral and hepatic Nrf2 and of downstream antioxidant enzyme genes did not change, whereas nephric Nrf2, Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) mRNAs decreased in cold exposure. During recovery, Nrf2 mRNA remained stable in all three tissues, hepatic Cu/ZnSOD, MnSOD and catalase (CAT) mRNA levels increased, and nephric MnSOD and GPx4 mRNAs did not change from the values during cold exposure. In the GSH system, mRNA levels of most enzymes remained constant during cold exposure and recovery. Unmatched with changes in mRNA level, high and stable constitutive antioxidant enzyme activities were maintained throughout whereas GPx activity significantly reduced in kidney during cold exposure and in liver and kidney during recovery. Our results suggest that the antioxidant defense regulation in response to acute cold exposure in P. sinensis may not be achieved at the transcriptional level, but may rely mainly on high constitutive antioxidant enzyme activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-jian Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A and F University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China
| | - Wen-yi Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Cui-juan Niu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Wen-jie Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Hui Jia
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Kenneth B. Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Paul S, Heckmann LH, Sørensen JG, Holmstrup M, Arumugaperumal A, Sivasubramaniam S. Transcriptome sequencing, de novo assembly and annotation of the freeze tolerant earthworm, Dendrobaena octaedra. GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
12
|
Trans-Ferulic Acid-4-β-Glucoside Alleviates Cold-Induced Oxidative Stress and Promotes Cold Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082321. [PMID: 30096768 PMCID: PMC6121433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trans-ferulic acid-4-β-glucoside (C16H20O9, TFA-4β-G) is a monomer extracted from the Chinese medicine called radix aconiti carmichaeli (Fuzi). To date, research on this substance is lacking. Here, we found that trans-ferulic acid-4-β-glucoside effectively promoted cold acclimatization in mice via increased heat production and alleviation of oxidative stress in a cold environment. Thus, our work indicates that ferulic acid-4-β-glucoside is a potential therapeutic candidate for prevention and treatment of cold stress injury.
Collapse
|
13
|
Christiansen D, Bishop DJ, Broatch JR, Bangsbo J, McKenna MJ, Murphy RM. Cold-water immersion after training sessions: effects on fiber type-specific adaptations in muscle K + transport proteins to sprint-interval training in men. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:429-444. [PMID: 29745801 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00259.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects of regular use of cold-water immersion (CWI) on fiber type-specific adaptations in muscle K+ transport proteins to intense training, along with their relationship to changes in mRNA levels after the first training session, were investigated in humans. Nineteen recreationally active men (24 ± 6 yr, 79.5 ± 10.8 kg, 44.6 ± 5.8 ml·kg-1·min-1) completed six weeks of sprint-interval cycling, either without (passive rest; CON) or with training sessions followed by CWI (15 min at 10°C; COLD). Muscle biopsies were obtained before and after training to determine abundance of Na+, K+-ATPase isoforms (α1-3, β1-3) and phospholemman (FXYD1) and after recovery treatments (+0 h and +3 h) on the first day of training to measure mRNA content. Training increased ( P < 0.05) the abundance of α1 and β3 in both fiber types and β1 in type-II fibers and decreased FXYD1 in type-I fibers, whereas α2 and α3 abundance was not altered by training ( P > 0.05). CWI after each session did not influence responses to training ( P > 0.05). However, α2 mRNA increased after the first session in COLD (+0 h, P < 0.05) but not in CON ( P > 0.05). In both conditions, α1 and β3 mRNA increased (+3 h; P < 0.05) and β2 mRNA decreased (+3 h; P < 0.05), whereas α3, β1, and FXYD1 mRNA remained unchanged ( P > 0.05) after the first session. In summary, Na+,K+-ATPase isoforms are differently regulated in type I and II muscle fibers by sprint-interval training in humans, which, for most isoforms, do not associate with changes in mRNA levels after the first training session. CWI neither impairs nor improves protein adaptations to intense training of importance for muscle K+ regulation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although cold-water immersion (CWI) after training and competition has become a routine for many athletes, limited published evidence exists regarding its impact on training adaptation. Here, we show that CWI can be performed regularly without impairing training-induced adaptations at the fiber-type level important for muscle K+ handling. Furthermore, sprint-interval training invoked fiber type-specific adaptations in K+ transport proteins, which may explain the dissociated responses of whole-muscle protein levels and K+ transport function to training previously reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danny Christiansen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia.,Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - David J Bishop
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University , Perth, Western Australia , Australia
| | - James R Broatch
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Jens Bangsbo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Michael J McKenna
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| | - Robyn M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pomatto LCD, Davies KJA. The role of declining adaptive homeostasis in ageing. J Physiol 2017; 595:7275-7309. [PMID: 29028112 PMCID: PMC5730851 DOI: 10.1113/jp275072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptive homeostasis is "the transient expansion or contraction of the homeostatic range for any given physiological parameter in response to exposure to sub-toxic, non-damaging, signalling molecules or events, or the removal or cessation of such molecules or events" (Davies, 2016). Adaptive homeostasis enables biological systems to make continuous short-term adjustments for optimal functioning despite ever-changing internal and external environments. Initiation of adaptation in response to an appropriate signal allows organisms to successfully cope with much greater, normally toxic, stresses. These short-term responses are initiated following effective signals, including hypoxia, cold shock, heat shock, oxidative stress, exercise-induced adaptation, caloric restriction, osmotic stress, mechanical stress, immune response, and even emotional stress. There is now substantial literature detailing a decline in adaptive homeostasis that, unfortunately, appears to manifest with ageing, especially in the last third of the lifespan. In this review, we present the hypothesis that one hallmark of the ageing process is a significant decline in adaptive homeostasis capacity. We discuss the mechanistic importance of diminished capacity for short-term (reversible) adaptive responses (both biochemical and signal transduction/gene expression-based) to changing internal and external conditions, for short-term survival and for lifespan and healthspan. Studies of cultured mammalian cells, worms, flies, rodents, simians, apes, and even humans, all indicate declining adaptive homeostasis as a potential contributor to age-dependent senescence, increased risk of disease, and even mortality. Emerging work points to Nrf2-Keap1 signal transduction pathway inhibitors, including Bach1 and c-Myc, both of whose tissue concentrations increase with age, as possible major causes for age-dependent loss of adaptive homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. D. Pomatto
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology CenterUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA
| | - Kelvin J. A. Davies
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology CenterUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA
- Molecular and Computational Biology Program, Department of Biological Sciences of the Dornsife College of LettersArts & Sciences: the University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089‐0191USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sabat P, Narváez C, Peña-Villalobos I, Contreras C, Maldonado K, Sanchez-Hernandez JC, Newsome SD, Nespolo R, Bozinovic F. Coping with Salt Water Habitats: Metabolic and Oxidative Responses to Salt Intake in the Rufous-Collared Sparrow. Front Physiol 2017; 8:654. [PMID: 28919865 PMCID: PMC5585184 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Many physiological adjustments occur in response to salt intake in several marine taxa, which manifest at different scales from changes in the concentration of individual molecules to physical traits of whole organisms. Little is known about the influence of salinity on the distribution, physiological performance, and ecology of passerines; specifically, the impact of drinking water salinity on the oxidative status of birds has been largely ignored. In this study, we evaluated whether experimental variations in the salt intake of a widely-distributed passerine (Zontotrichia capensis) could generate differences in basal (BMR) and maximum metabolic rates (Msum), as well as affect metabolic enzyme activity and oxidative status. We measured rates of energy expenditure of birds after 30-d acclimation to drink salt (SW) or tap (fresh) water (TW) and assessed changes in the activity of mitochondrial enzymes (cytochrome c oxidase and citrate synthase) in skeletal muscle, heart, and kidney. Finally, we evaluated the oxidative status of bird tissues by means of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase activities and lipid oxidative damage (Malondialdehyde, MDA). The results revealed a significant increase in BMR but not Msum, which resulted in a reduction in factorial aerobic scope in SW- vs. TW-acclimated birds. These changes were paralleled with increased kidney and intestine masses and catabolic activities in tissues, especially in pectoralis muscle. We also found that TAC and MDA concentrations were ~120 and ~400% higher, respectively in the liver of animals acclimated to the SW- vs. TW-treatment. Our study is the first to document changes in the oxidative status in birds that persistently drink saltwater, and shows that they undergo several physiological adjustments that range that range in scale from biochemical capacities (e.g., TAC and MDA) to whole organism traits (e.g., metabolic rates). We propose that the physiological changes observed in Z. capensis acclimated to saltwater could be common phenomena in birds and likely explain selection of prey containing little salt and habitats associated with low salinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Sabat
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Cristóbal Narváez
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Isaac Peña-Villalobos
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Contreras
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Karin Maldonado
- Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Juan C. Sanchez-Hernandez
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La ManchaToledo, Spain
| | - Seth D. Newsome
- Department of Biology, University of New MexicoAlbuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Roberto Nespolo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de ChileValdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco Bozinovic
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jothery AHA, Vaanholt LM, Mody N, Arnous A, Lykkesfeldt J, Bünger L, Hill WG, Mitchell SE, Allison DB, Speakman JR. Oxidative costs of reproduction in mouse strains selected for different levels of food intake and which differ in reproductive performance. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36353. [PMID: 27841266 PMCID: PMC5107891 DOI: 10.1038/srep36353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species has been hypothesised to underpin the trade-off between reproduction and somatic maintenance, i.e., the life-history-oxidative stress theory. Previous tests of this hypothesis have proved equivocal, and it has been suggested that the variation in responses may be related to the tissues measured. Here, we measured oxidative damage (protein carbonyls, 8-OHdG) and antioxidant protection (enzymatic antioxidant activity and serum antioxidant capacity) in multiple tissues of reproductive (R) and non-reproductive (N) mice from two mouse strains selectively bred for high (H) or low (L) food intake, which differ in their reproductive performance, i.e., H mice have increased milk energy output (MEO) and wean larger pups. Levels of oxidative damage were unchanged (liver) or reduced (brain and serum) in R versus N mice, and no differences in multiple measures of oxidative protection were found between H and L mice in liver (except for Glutathione Peroxidase), brain or mammary glands. Also, there were no associations between an individual’s energetic investment (e.g., MEO) and most of the oxidative stress measures detected in various tissues. These data are inconsistent with the oxidative stress theory, but were more supportive of, but not completely consistent, with the ‘oxidative shielding’ hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aqeel H Al Jothery
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Karbala, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Lobke M Vaanholt
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - Nimesh Mody
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Foresterhill Health Campus, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Anis Arnous
- Section of Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health &Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Section of Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health &Medical Sciences,University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lutz Bünger
- Animal and Veterinary Science Group, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - William G Hill
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK
| | - Sharon E Mitchell
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK
| | - David B Allison
- School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - John R Speakman
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK.,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hamilton KL, Miller BF. What is the evidence for stress resistance and slowed aging? Exp Gerontol 2016; 82:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
18
|
Lu Y, Zhang D, Wang F, Dong S. Hypothermal effects on survival, energy homeostasis and expression of energy-related genes of swimming crabs Portunus trituberculatus during air exposure. J Therm Biol 2016; 60:33-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
19
|
Food restriction attenuates oxidative stress in brown adipose tissue of striped hamsters acclimated to a warm temperature. J Therm Biol 2016; 58:72-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
20
|
Pereira-Neves A, Menna-Barreto RFS, Benchimol M. The fungal metabolite gliotoxin inhibits proteasome proteolytic activity and induces an irreversible pseudocystic transformation and cell death in Tritrichomonas foetus. Parasitol Res 2016; 115:3057-69. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-016-5061-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
21
|
Speakman JR, Blount JD, Bronikowski AM, Buffenstein R, Isaksson C, Kirkwood TBL, Monaghan P, Ozanne SE, Beaulieu M, Briga M, Carr SK, Christensen LL, Cochemé HM, Cram DL, Dantzer B, Harper JM, Jurk D, King A, Noguera JC, Salin K, Sild E, Simons MJP, Smith S, Stier A, Tobler M, Vitikainen E, Peaker M, Selman C. Oxidative stress and life histories: unresolved issues and current needs. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:5745-57. [PMID: 26811750 PMCID: PMC4717350 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Life‐history theory concerns the trade‐offs that mold the patterns of investment by animals between reproduction, growth, and survival. It is widely recognized that physiology plays a role in the mediation of life‐history trade‐offs, but the details remain obscure. As life‐history theory concerns aspects of investment in the soma that influence survival, understanding the physiological basis of life histories is related, but not identical, to understanding the process of aging. One idea from the field of aging that has gained considerable traction in the area of life histories is that life‐history trade‐offs may be mediated by free radical production and oxidative stress. We outline here developments in this field and summarize a number of important unresolved issues that may guide future research efforts. The issues are as follows. First, different tissues and macromolecular targets of oxidative stress respond differently during reproduction. The functional significance of these changes, however, remains uncertain. Consequently there is a need for studies that link oxidative stress measurements to functional outcomes, such as survival. Second, measurements of oxidative stress are often highly invasive or terminal. Terminal studies of oxidative stress in wild animals, where detailed life‐history information is available, cannot generally be performed without compromising the aims of the studies that generated the life‐history data. There is a need therefore for novel non‐invasive measurements of multi‐tissue oxidative stress. Third, laboratory studies provide unrivaled opportunities for experimental manipulation but may fail to expose the physiology underpinning life‐history effects, because of the benign laboratory environment. Fourth, the idea that oxidative stress might underlie life‐history trade‐offs does not make specific enough predictions that are amenable to testing. Moreover, there is a paucity of good alternative theoretical models on which contrasting predictions might be based. Fifth, there is an enormous diversity of life‐history variation to test the idea that oxidative stress may be a key mediator. So far we have only scratched the surface. Broadening the scope may reveal new strategies linked to the processes of oxidative damage and repair. Finally, understanding the trade‐offs in life histories and understanding the process of aging are related but not identical questions. Scientists inhabiting these two spheres of activity seldom collide, yet they have much to learn from each other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John R Speakman
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Tillydrone Avenue Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jonathan D Blount
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter Penryn Campus Cornwall TR10 9FE UK
| | - Anne M Bronikowski
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology Iowa State University 251 Bessey Hall Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Rochelle Buffenstein
- Physiology, Barshop Institute for Aging and Longevity Research UTHSCSA 15355 Lambda Drive San Antonio Texas 78245
| | - Caroline Isaksson
- Department of Biology Lund University Solvegatan 37 Lund 223 62 Sweden
| | - Tom B L Kirkwood
- The Newcastle University Institute for Ageing Institute for Cell & Molecular Biosciences Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL UK
| | - Pat Monaghan
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Graham Kerr Building Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Level 4 Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Michaël Beaulieu
- Zoological Institute and Museum University of Greifswald Johann-Sebastian Bach Str. 11/12 Greifswald 17489 Germany
| | - Michael Briga
- Behavioral Biology University of Groningen Nijenborgh 7 Groningen 9747 AG The Netherlands
| | - Sarah K Carr
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Level 4 Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge CB2 0QQ UK
| | - Louise L Christensen
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Aberdeen Tillydrone Avenue Aberdeen AB24 2TZ UK
| | - Helena M Cochemé
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre Imperial College London Hammersmith Hospital Campus Du Cane Road London W12 0NN UK
| | - Dominic L Cram
- Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 3EJ UK
| | - Ben Dantzer
- Department of Psychology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
| | - Jim M Harper
- Department of Biological Sciences Sam Houston State University 1900 Avenue I LDB 100B Huntsville Texas 77341
| | - Diana Jurk
- The Newcastle University Institute for Ageing Institute for Cell & Molecular Biosciences Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL UK
| | - Annette King
- The Newcastle University Institute for Ageing Institute for Cell & Molecular Biosciences Campus for Ageing and Vitality Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5PL UK
| | - Jose C Noguera
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Graham Kerr Building Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Karine Salin
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Graham Kerr Building Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Elin Sild
- Department of Biology Lund University Solvegatan 37 Lund 223 62 Sweden
| | - Mirre J P Simons
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences University of Sheffield Alfred Denny Building, Western Bank Sheffield S10 2TN UK
| | - Shona Smith
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Graham Kerr Building Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Antoine Stier
- Department Ecology, Physiology et Ethology University of Strasbourg - IPHC (UMR7178) 23, rue Becquerel Strasbourg 67087 France
| | - Michael Tobler
- Department of Biology Lund University Solvegatan 37 Lund 223 62 Sweden
| | - Emma Vitikainen
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation University of Exeter Penryn Campus Cornwall TR10 9FE UK
| | | | - Colin Selman
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Graham Kerr Building Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Effect of temperature on oxidative stress, antioxidant levels and uncoupling protein expression in striped hamsters. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 189:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
23
|
Fletcher QE, Selman C. Aging in the wild: Insights from free-living and non-model organisms. Exp Gerontol 2015; 71:1-3. [PMID: 26403678 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quinn E Fletcher
- Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada.
| | - Colin Selman
- Glasgow Ageing Research Network (GARNER), Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zheng GX, Lin JT, Zheng WH, Cao J, Zhao ZJ. Energy intake, oxidative stress and antioxidant in mice during lactation. DONG WU XUE YAN JIU = ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2015; 36:95-102. [PMID: 25855228 DOI: 10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2015.2.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Reproduction is the highest energy demand period for small mammals, during which both energy intake and expenditure are increased to cope with elevated energy requirements of offspring growth and somatic protection. Oxidative stress life history theory proposed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were produced in direct proportion to metabolic rate, resulting in oxidative stress and damage to macromolecules. In the present study, several markers of oxidative stress and antioxidants activities were examined in brain, liver, kidneys, skeletal muscle and small intestine in non-lactating (Non-Lac) and lactating (Lac) KM mice. Uncoupling protein (ucps) gene expression was examined in brain, liver and muscle. During peak lactation, gross energy intake was 254% higher in Lac mice than in Non-Lac mice. Levels of H2O2 of Lac mice were 17.7% higher in brain (P<0.05), but 21.1% (P<0.01) and 14.5% (P<0.05) lower in liver and small intestine than that of Non-Lac mice. Malonadialdehyde (MDA) levels of Lac mice were significantly higher in brain, but lower in liver, kidneys, muscle and small intestine than that of Non-Lac mice. Activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) was significantly decreased in brain and liver in the Lac group compared with that in the Non-Lac group. Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity of Lac mice was significantly higher in muscle, but lower in kidneys than Non-Lac mice. Ucp4 and ucp5 gene expression of brain was 394% and 577% higher in Lac mice than in Non-Lac mice. These findings suggest that KM mice show tissue-dependent changes in both oxidative stress and antioxidants. Activities of antioxidants may be regulated physiologically in response to the elevated ROS production in several tissues during peak lactation. Regulations of brain ucp4 and ucp5 gene expression may be involved in the prevention of oxidative damage to the tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Xiao Zheng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wei-Hong Zheng
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jing Cao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Wang X, Che H, Zhang W, Wang J, Ke T, Cao R, Meng S, Li D, Weiming O, Chen J, Luo W. Effects of Mild Chronic Intermittent Cold Exposure on Rat Organs. Int J Biol Sci 2015; 11:1171-80. [PMID: 26327811 PMCID: PMC4551753 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cold adaptation is a body's protective response to cold stress. Mild chronic intermittent cold (CIC) exposure has been used to generate animal models for cold adaptation studies. However, the effects of mild CIC exposure on vital organs are not completely characterized. In the present study, we exposed rats to mild CIC for two weeks, and then measured the body weights, the weights of brown adipose tissue (BAT), the levels of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brains, livers, hearts, muscles and BATs. Rats formed cold adaptation after exposure to CIC for two weeks. Compared to rats of the control group that were hosted under ambient temperature, rats exposed to mild CIC showed a lower average body weight, but a higher weight of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Rats exposed to CIC for two weeks also exhibited higher levels of ATP and ROS in all examined organs as compared to those of the control group. In addition, we determined the expression levels of cold-inducible RNA binding protein (Cirbp) and thioredoxin (TRX) in rat tissues after 2 weeks of CIC exposure. Both Cirbp and TRX were increased, suggesting a role of these two proteins for establishment of cold adaptation. Together, this study reveals the effects of mild CIC exposure on vital organs of rats during CIC exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Honglei Che
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jiye Wang
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Tao Ke
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Rui Cao
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Shanshan Meng
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Dan Li
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Ouyang Weiming
- 2. Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Wenjing Luo
- 1. Department of Occupational & Environmental Health and the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pereira-Neves A, Gonzaga L, Menna-Barreto RFS, Benchimol M. Characterisation of 20S Proteasome in Tritrichomonas foetus and Its Role during the Cell Cycle and Transformation into Endoflagellar Form. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129165. [PMID: 26047503 PMCID: PMC4457923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasomes are intracellular complexes that control selective protein degradation in organisms ranging from Archaea to higher eukaryotes. These structures have multiple proteolytic activities that are required for cell differentiation, replication and maintaining cellular homeostasis. Here, we document the presence of the 20S proteasome in the protist parasite Tritrichomonas foetus. Complementary techniques, such as a combination of whole genome sequencing technologies, bioinformatics algorithms, cell fractionation and biochemistry and microscopy approaches were used to characterise the 20S proteasome of T. foetus. The 14 homologues of the typical eukaryotic proteasome subunits were identified in the T. foetus genome. Alignment analyses showed that the main regulatory and catalytic domains of the proteasome were conserved in the predicted amino acid sequences from T. foetus-proteasome subunits. Immunofluorescence assays using an anti-proteasome antibody revealed a labelling distributed throughout the cytosol as punctate cytoplasmic structures and in the perinuclear region. Electron microscopy of a T. foetus-proteasome-enriched fraction confirmed the presence of particles that resembled the typical eukaryotic 20S proteasome. Fluorogenic assays using specific peptidyl substrates detected presence of the three typical peptidase activities of eukaryotic proteasomes in T. foetus. As expected, these peptidase activities were inhibited by lactacystin, a well-known specific proteasome inhibitor, and were not affected by inhibitors of serine or cysteine proteases. During the transformation of T. foetus to endoflagellar form (EFF), also known as pseudocyst, we observed correlations between the EFF formation rates, increases in the proteasome activities and reduced levels of ubiquitin-protein conjugates. The growth, cell cycle and EFF transformation of T. foetus were inhibited after treatment with lactacystin in a dose-dependent manner. Lactacystin treatment also resulted in an accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins and caused increase in the amount of endoplasmic reticulum membranes in the parasite. Taken together, our results suggest that the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is required for cell cycle and EFF transformation in T. foetus.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Acetylcysteine/analogs & derivatives
- Acetylcysteine/pharmacology
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Cycle
- Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Endoplasmic Reticulum/drug effects
- Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism
- Endoplasmic Reticulum/ultrastructure
- Flagella/metabolism
- Flagella/ultrastructure
- Life Cycle Stages/drug effects
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/classification
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/genetics
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism
- Protein Subunits/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Subunits/genetics
- Protein Subunits/metabolism
- Protozoan Proteins/genetics
- Protozoan Proteins/metabolism
- Protozoan Proteins/ultrastructure
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Spores, Protozoan/drug effects
- Spores, Protozoan/metabolism
- Spores, Protozoan/ultrastructure
- Tritrichomonas foetus/genetics
- Tritrichomonas foetus/growth & development
- Tritrichomonas foetus/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Pereira-Neves
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Morfológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Fiocruz, Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães, Departamento de Microbiologia, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Biologia Celular, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga
- Laboratório Nacional de Computação Cientifica (LNCC/MCT), Petrópolis, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Marlene Benchimol
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- UNIGRANRIO- Universidade do Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ascorbic acid regulation in stress responses during acute cold exposure and following recovery in juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 184:20-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
28
|
Chronic mitochondrial uncoupling treatment prevents acute cold-induced oxidative stress in birds. J Comp Physiol B 2014; 184:1021-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-014-0856-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
29
|
Chen KX, Wang CM, Wang GY, Zhao ZJ. Energy budget, oxidative stress and antioxidant in striped hamster acclimated to moderate cold and warm temperatures. J Therm Biol 2014; 44:35-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
30
|
Stier A, Bize P, Habold C, Bouillaud F, Massemin S, Criscuolo F. Mitochondrial uncoupling prevents cold-induced oxidative stress: a case study using UCP1 knockout mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 217:624-30. [PMID: 24265420 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.092700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by the mitochondria has often been (wrongly) viewed as straightforward, with increased metabolism leading to higher generation of pro-oxidants. Insights into mitochondrial functioning show that oxygen consumption is principally coupled with either energy conversion as ATP or as heat, depending on whether the ATP-synthase or the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is driving respiration. However, these two processes might greatly differ in terms of oxidative costs. We used a cold challenge to investigate the oxidative stress consequences of an increased metabolism achieved either by the activation of an uncoupled mechanism (i.e. UCP1 activity) in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of wild-type mice or by ATP-dependent muscular shivering thermogenesis in mice deficient for UCP1. Although both mouse strains increased their metabolism by more than twofold when acclimatised for 4 weeks to moderate cold (12°C), only mice deficient for UCP1 suffered from elevated levels of oxidative stress. When exposed to cold, mice deficient for UCP1 showed an increase of 20.2% in plasmatic reactive oxygen metabolites, 81.8% in muscular oxidized glutathione and 47.1% in muscular protein carbonyls. In contrast, there was no evidence of elevated levels of oxidative stress in the plasma, muscles or BAT of wild-type mice exposed to cold despite a drastic increase in BAT activity. Our study demonstrates differing oxidative costs linked to the functioning of two highly metabolically active organs during thermogenesis, and advises careful consideration of mitochondrial functioning when investigating the links between metabolism and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Stier
- University of Strasbourg, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg 67037, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Vitamin C and lifespan in model organisms. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 58:255-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
32
|
Plasma reactive oxygen metabolites and non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity are not affected by an acute increase of metabolic rate in zebra finches. J Comp Physiol B 2013; 183:675-83. [PMID: 23358864 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-013-0745-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the sources of variation in oxidative stress level is a challenging issue due to the implications of oxidative stress for late age diseases, longevity and life-history trade-offs. Reactive oxygen species that cause oxidative stress are mostly a by-product of energy metabolism and it is therefore often assumed that oxidative stress is proportional to energy consumption. In mammals, an increased metabolic rate induced by cold exposure generally increases oxidative stress. However, compared to mammals, birds generate fewer free radicals per ATP produced and hence it is not obvious that, in birds, a cold-induced increase of metabolic rate increase oxidative stress. We tested whether cold-induced increase in metabolic rate increased oxidative stress in zebra finches by exposing individuals to cold and warm overnight temperatures. We registered metabolic rate and plasma levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants and reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), a measure of oxidative damage. Metabolic rate was on average 88 % higher in cold compared to warm temperature, with females being stronger affected than males. However, temperature had no effect on plasma antioxidants or our measure of oxidative damage. Middle-age birds had higher levels of plasma antioxidants than younger and older birds, but age was unrelated to ROMs. Birds showed repeatability of plasma ROMs across temperatures but not of non-enzymatic antioxidants. In contrast to similar studies in mammals, our results do not show evidence of increased oxidative stress in plasma after an acute cold-induced increase of metabolic rate but research in more bird species is needed to assess the generality of this pattern.
Collapse
|
33
|
Fletcher QE, Selman C, Boutin S, McAdam AG, Woods SB, Seo AY, Leeuwenburgh C, Speakman JR, Humphries MM. Oxidative damage increases with reproductive energy expenditure and is reduced by food-supplementation. Evolution 2012; 67:1527-36. [PMID: 23617928 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A central principle in life-history theory is that reproductive effort negatively affects survival. Costs of reproduction are thought to be physiologically based, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Using female North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus), we test the hypothesis that energetic investment in reproduction overwhelms investment in antioxidant protection, leading to oxidative damage. In support of this hypothesis we found that the highest levels of plasma protein oxidative damage in squirrels occurred during the energetically demanding period of lactation. Moreover, plasma protein oxidative damage was also elevated in squirrels that expended the most energy and had the lowest antioxidant protection. Finally, we found that squirrels that were food-supplemented during lactation and winter had increased antioxidant protection and reduced plasma protein oxidative damage providing the first experimental evidence in the wild that access to abundant resources can reduce this physiological cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quinn E Fletcher
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Asha Devi S, Manjula K, Subramanyam M. Protective role of vitamins E and C against oxidative stress caused by intermittent cold exposure in aging rat's frontoparietal cortex. Neurosci Lett 2012; 529:155-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2012.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
35
|
Protein expression of ubiquitin in interscapular brown adipose tissue during acclimation of rats to cold: the impact of (∙)NO. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 368:189-93. [PMID: 22729739 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of L-arginine-nitric-oxide ((∙)NO)-producing pathway on protein content of ubiquitin, as an important component of ubiquitin-proteasome system for protein removal, were investigated. We showed that L-arginine markedly decreased ubiquitin protein content in interscapular brown adipose tissue, both in thermogenic inactive (at room temperature) and thermogenic active (on cold) states; while in L-NAME-treated groups this effect was abolished. This result suggests that nitric oxide ((∙)NO), besides well established roles, is involved in this aspect of structure remodeling, as well.
Collapse
|
36
|
Ostojić JN, Mladenović D, Ninković M, Vučević D, Bondžić K, Ješić-Vukićević R, Radosavljević T. The effects of cold-induced stress on liver oxidative injury during binge drinking. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012; 31:387-96. [PMID: 22297701 DOI: 10.1177/0960327111433899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of cold stress on hepatic oxidative damage during binge drinking in rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: group 1: control; group 2: ethanol-treated; group 3: stress-exposed; group 4: stress-exposed and ethanol-treated group. Oxidative and nitrosative stress parameters in the liver were determined spectrophotometrically, 12 h after treatment. Liver malondialdehyde concentration was significantly higher in group 4 when compared with groups 2 and 3. The highest increase in nitric oxide concentration was demonstrated in group 4 in comparison with groups 2 and 3. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly lower in group 4 when compared with groups 2 and 3. Ethanol administration induced a larger decrease in the activity of copper-/zinc-SOD in group 4 in comparison with group 2. Activity of manganese-SOD (Mn-SOD) was significantly higher in groups 3 and 4, when compared with control values, but the greatest increase in the activity of Mn-SOD was demonstrated in group 2. We also evaluated statistically significant decrease in the level of reduced gluthatione in the liver of group 4 in comparison with group 3. Based on our study, it can be concluded that cold-exposed stress and binge ethanol drinking have additive effects in imbalance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant defense system in liver.
Collapse
|
37
|
Venditti P, Di Stefano L, Di Meo S. Oxidative stress in cold-induced hyperthyroid state. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 213:2899-911. [PMID: 20709918 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.043307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of homeothermic animals to low environmental temperature is associated with oxidative stress in several body tissues. Because cold exposure induces a condition of functional hyperthyroidism, the observation that tissue oxidative stress also happens in experimental hyperthyroidism, induced by 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T(3)) treatment, suggests that this hormone is responsible for the oxidative damage found in tissues from cold-exposed animals. Examination of T(3)-responsive tissues, such as brown adipose tissue (BAT) and liver, shows that changes in factors favoring oxidative modifications are similar in experimental and functional hyperthyroidism. However, differences are also apparent, likely due to the action of physiological regulators, such as noradrenaline and thyroxine, whose levels are different in cold-exposed and T(3)-treated animals. To date, there is evidence that biochemical changes underlying the thermogenic response to cold as well as those leading to oxidative stress require a synergism between T(3)- and noradrenaline-generated signals. Conversely, available results suggest that thyroxine (T(4)) supplies a direct contribution to cold-induced BAT oxidative damage, but contributes to the liver response only as a T(3) precursor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Venditti
- Department of the Biological Sciences, Section of Physiology, University Federico II of Naples, 80134, Naples, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Tang GB, Cui JG, Wang DH. Role of hypoleptinemia during cold adaptation in Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii). Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 297:R1293-301. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00185.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Brandt's voles Lasiopodomys brandtii exhibit large increases in nonshivering thermogenesis to cope with chronic cold exposure, resulting in compensatory hyperphagia and fat mobilization. These physiological events are accompanied by a remarkable reduction in serum leptin levels. However, the role of hypoleptinemia in cold adaptation in this species is still unknown. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that hypoleptinemia contributes to increases in food intake and brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis by modifying hypothalamic neuropeptides in cold-exposed Brandt's voles. Adult male voles were transferred to 5°C for 28 days. Accompanied by a decrease in serum leptin levels, hypothalamic agouti-related protein (AgRP) mRNA levels were significantly increased, but there were no changes in the long form of leptin receptor (Ob-Rb), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated peptide (CART) mRNA levels in the hypothalamus. When cold-exposed voles were returned to warm (23°C) for 28 days, body mass, food intake, serum leptin, and AgRP mRNA were restored to control levels. Leptin administration in cold-exposed voles decreased food intake as well as hypothalamic AgRP mRNA levels. There were no significant effects of leptin administration on hypothalamic Ob-Rb, SOCS3, NPY, POMC, CART mRNA, and uncoupling protein 1 levels under cold conditions. These results suggest that hypoleptinemia partially contributes to cold-induced hyperphagia, which might involve the elevation of hypothalamic AgRP gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Bin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing; and
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Lu, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Guo Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing; and
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Lu, Beijing, China
| | - De-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang, Beijing; and
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Patel BP, Hamadeh MJ. Nutritional and exercise-based interventions in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clin Nutr 2009; 28:604-17. [PMID: 19782443 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2009] [Accepted: 06/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Disease pathogenesis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) involves a number of interconnected mechanisms all resulting in the rapid deterioration of motor neurons. The main mechanisms include enhanced free radical production, protein misfolding, aberrant protein aggregation, excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation and apoptosis. The aim of this review is to assess the efficacy of using nutrition- and exercise-related interventions to improve disease outcomes in ALS. METHODS Studies involving nutrition or exercise in human and animal models of ALS were reviewed. RESULTS Treatments conducted in animal models of ALS have not consistently translated into beneficial results in clinical trials due to poor design, lack of power and short study duration, as well as differences in the genetic backgrounds, treatment dosages and disease pathology between animals and humans. However, vitamin E, folic acid, alpha lipoic acid, lyophilized red wine, coenzyme Q10, epigallocatechin gallate, Ginkgo biloba, melatonin, Cu chelators, and regular low and moderate intensity exercise, as well as treatments with catalase and l-carnitine, hold promise to mitigating the effects of ALS, whereas caloric restriction, malnutrition and high-intensity exercise are contraindicated in this disease model. CONCLUSIONS Improved nutritional status is of utmost importance in mitigating the detrimental effects of ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barkha P Patel
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3J 1P3
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mujahid A, Furuse M. Oxidative damage in different tissues of neonatal chicks exposed to low environmental temperature. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2009; 152:604-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
41
|
Mujahid A, Furuse M. Putative neuroprotective role of centrally administered corticotropin-releasing factor in low-temperature-exposed neonatal chicks. Neuroscience 2009; 158:1571-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Revised: 11/26/2008] [Accepted: 11/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
42
|
Gocheva YG, Tosi S, Krumova ET, Slokoska LS, Miteva JG, Vassilev SV, Angelova MB. Temperature downshift induces antioxidant response in fungi isolated from Antarctica. Extremophiles 2008; 13:273-81. [PMID: 19089529 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-008-0215-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although investigators have been studying the cold-shock response in a variety of organisms for the last two decades or more, comparatively little is known about the difference between antioxidant cell response to cold stress in Antarctic and temperate microorganisms. The change of environmental temperature, which is one of the most common stresses, could be crucial for their use in the biotechnological industry and in ecological research. We compared the effect of short-term temperature downshift on antioxidant cell response in Antarctic and temperate fungi belonging to the genus Penicillium. Our study showed that downshift from an optimal temperature to 15 degrees or 6 degrees C led to a cell response typical of oxidative stress: significant reduction of biomass production; increase in the levels of oxidative damaged proteins and accumulation of storage carbohydrates (glycogen and trehalose) in comparison to growth at optimal temperature. Cell response against cold stress includes also increase in the activities of SOD and CAT, which are key enzymes for directly scavenging reactive oxygen species. This response is more species-dependent than dependent on the degree of cold-shock. Antarctic psychrotolerant strain Penicillium olsonii p14 that is adapted to life in extremely cold conditions demonstrated enhanced tolerance to temperature downshift in comparison with both mesophilic strains (Antarctic Penicillium waksmanii m12 and temperate Penicillium sp. t35).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yana G Gocheva
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Academician G. Bonchev 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Monaghan P, Metcalfe NB, Torres R. Oxidative stress as a mediator of life history trade-offs: mechanisms, measurements and interpretation. Ecol Lett 2008; 12:75-92. [PMID: 19016828 DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01258.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 906] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The concept of trade-offs is central to our understanding of life-history evolution. The underlying mechanisms, however, have been little studied. Oxidative stress results from a mismatch between the production of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the organism's capacity to mitigate their damaging effects. Managing oxidative stress is likely to be a major determinant of life histories, as virtually all activities generate ROS. There is a recent burgeoning of interest in how oxidative stress is related to different components of animal performance. The emphasis to date has been on immediate or short-term effects, but there is an increasing realization that oxidative stress will influence life histories over longer time scales. The concept of oxidative stress is currently used somewhat loosely by many ecologists, and the erroneous assumption often made that dietary antioxidants are necessarily the major line of defence against ROS-induced damage. We summarize current knowledge on how oxidative stress occurs and the different methods for measuring it, and highlight where ecologists can be too simplistic in their approach. We critically review the potential role of oxidative stress in mediating life-history trade-offs, and present a framework for formulating appropriate hypotheses and guiding experimental design. We indicate throughout potentially fruitful areas for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pat Monaghan
- Division of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Graham Kerr Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G128QQ, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Selman C, McLaren JS, Collins AR, Duthie GG, Speakman JR. The impact of experimentally elevated energy expenditure on oxidative stress and lifespan in the short-tailed field vole Microtus agrestis. Proc Biol Sci 2008; 275:1907-16. [PMID: 18467297 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Life-history theory assumes that animal life histories are a consequence of trade-offs between current activities and future reproductive performance or survival, because resource supply is limited. Empirical evidence for such trade-offs in the wild are common, yet investigations of the underlying mechanisms are rare. Life-history trade-offs may have both physiological and ecological mediated costs. One hypothesized physiological mechanism is that elevated energy metabolism may increase reactive oxygen species production, leading to somatic damage and thus compromising future survival. We investigated the impact of experimentally elevated energy expenditure on oxidative damage, protection and lifespan in short-tailed field voles (Microtus agrestis) maintained in captivity to remove any confounding ecological factor effects. Energy expenditure was elevated via lifelong cold exposure (7+/-2 degrees C), relative to siblings in the warm (22+/-2 degrees C). No treatment effect on cumulative mortality risk was observed, with negligible effects on oxidative stress and antioxidant protection. These data suggest that in captive animals physiologically mediated costs on life history do not result from increased energy expenditure and consequent elevations in oxidative stress and reduced survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Selman
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Selman C, McLaren JS, Mayer C, Duncan JS, Collins AR, Duthie GG, Redman P, Speakman JR. Lifelongα-Tocopherol Supplementation Increases the Median Life Span of C57BL/6 Mice in the Cold but Has Only Minor Effects on Oxidative Damage. Rejuvenation Res 2008; 11:83-96. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2007.0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Selman
- Integrative Physiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Jane S. McLaren
- Integrative Physiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Claus Mayer
- BioSS, Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Jackie S. Duncan
- Obesity and Metabolic Health, Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R. Collins
- Nutritional Biochemistry, Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Garry G. Duthie
- Nutritional Biochemistry, Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Redman
- Integrative Physiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - John R. Speakman
- Integrative Physiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
- Obesity and Metabolic Health, Rowett Research Institute, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sahin E, Gümüşlü S. Stress-dependent induction of protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidants in peripheral tissues of rats: comparison of three stress models (immobilization, cold and immobilization-cold). Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2007; 34:425-31. [PMID: 17439411 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04584.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
1. It is known that stress causes disruption of homeostasis and an imbalanced anti-oxidant status in several organs. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of three stress models on protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidant enzyme activities in the liver, kidney and heart, and to investigate the relationship between corticosterone and some oxidative stress parameters. In addition, we investigated the most effective stress model for each parameter in each tissue. 2. Thirty-six male Wistar rats (aged 3 months old, weighing 220 +/- 20 g) were divided randomly into four groups of nine rats each: control (C), immobilization stress (IS), cold stress (CS), and immobilization-cold stress (ICS). 3. Results showed that corticosterone levels were increased in all stress groups. Levels of protein carbonyl (PC), conjugated dienes (CD) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were increased, whereas reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were decreased in all tissues of all stress groups. Copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD) activities were increased in the liver and kidney of all stress groups, but were decreased in heart of the IS and CS groups. Catalase (CAT) activities were increased in liver of the CS group and in kidney and heart of all stress groups, but were decreased in liver of the IS and ICS groups. Selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSH-Px) activities were increased in liver of the CS and ICS groups and in heart of all stress groups, but were decreased in kidney of the IS group. Also, Se-GSH-Px activity levels remained unchanged in liver of the IS group and in kidney of the CS and ICS groups. The increased CAT activity and unchanged Se-GSH-Px activity observed in kidney suggest that H2O2 may be primarily scavenged by CAT. 4. The strong correlations between corticosterone and oxidative damage markers (e.g. protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and GSH levels) suggest a relationship between these parameters. Liver was affected most by the CS model, whereas kidney and heart were affected most by ICS model. Stress-induced changes in the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes and GSH levels were found to be tissue- and enzyme-specific. In conclusion, results of the present study suggest that each stress model affects the different organ tissues in different ways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emel Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Selman C, McLaren JS, Meyer C, Duncan JS, Redman P, Collins AR, Duthie GG, Speakman JR. Life-long vitamin C supplementation in combination with cold exposure does not affect oxidative damage or lifespan in mice, but decreases expression of antioxidant protection genes. Mech Ageing Dev 2006; 127:897-904. [PMID: 17092545 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2006.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2006] [Revised: 09/19/2006] [Accepted: 09/25/2006] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is suggested to be central to the ageing process, with endogenous antioxidant defence and repair mechanisms in place to minimize damage. Theoretically, supplementation with exogenous antioxidants might support the endogenous antioxidant system, thereby reducing oxidative damage, ageing-related functional decline and prolonging life- and health-span. Yet supplementation trials with antioxidants in animal models have had minimal success. Human epidemiological data are similarly unimpressive, leading some to question whether vitamin C, for example, might have pro-oxidant properties in vivo. We supplemented cold exposed (7+/-2 degrees C) female C57BL/6 mice over their lifespan with vitamin C (ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate), widely advocated and self administered to reduce oxidative stress, retard ageing and increase healthy lifespan. No effect on mean or maximum lifespan following vitamin C treatment or any significant impact on body mass, or on parameters of energy metabolism was observed. Moreover, no differences in hepatocyte and lymphocyte DNA oxidative damage or hepatic lipid peroxidation was seen between supplemented and control mice. Using a DNA macroarray specific for oxidative stress-related genes, we found that after 18 months of supplementation, mice exhibited a significantly reduced expression of several genes in the liver linked to free-radical scavenging, including Mn-superoxide dismutase. We confirmed these effects by Northern blotting and found additional down-regulation of glutathione peroxidase (not present on macroarray) in the vitamin C treated group. We suggest that high dietary doses of vitamin C are ineffective at prolonging lifespan in mice because any positive benefits derived as an antioxidant are offset by compensatory reductions in endogenous protection mechanisms, leading to no net reduction in accumulated oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Selman
- Aberdeen Centre for Energy Regulation and Obesity (ACERO), School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Stolzing A, Sethe S, Scutt AM. Stressed stem cells: Temperature response in aged mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2006; 15:478-87. [PMID: 16978051 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2006.15.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from young (6 week) and aged (56 week) Wistar rats were cultured at standard (37 degrees C) and reduced (32 degrees C) temperature and compared for age markers and stress levels. (ROS, NO, TBARS, carbonyls, lipofuscin, SOD, GPx, apoptosis, proteasome activity) and heat shock proteins (HSP27, -60, -70, -90). Aged MSCs display many of the stress markers associated with aging in other cell types, but results vary across marker categories and are temperature dependant. In young MSCs, culturing at reduced temperature had a generally beneficial effect: the anti-apoptotic heat shock proteins HSP 27, HSP70, and HSP90 were up-regulated; pro-apoptotic HSP60 was downregulated; SOD, GPx increased; and levels in ROS, NO, TBARS, carbonyl, and lipofuscin were diminished. Apoptosis was reduced, but also proteasome activity. In contrast, in aged MSCs, culturing at reduced temperature generally produced no 'beneficial' changes in these parameters, and can even have detrimental effects. Implications for tissue engineering and for stem cell gerontology are discussed. The results suggest that a 'hormesis' theory of stress response can be extended to MSCs, but that cooling cultivation temperature stress produces positive effects in young cells only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Stolzing
- Department of Engineering Material, Centre for Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gocheva YG, Krumova ET, Slokoska LS, Miteva JG, Vassilev SV, Angelova MB. Cell response of Antarctic and temperate strains of Penicillium spp. to different growth temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 110:1347-54. [PMID: 17070679 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2006.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Revised: 05/25/2006] [Accepted: 08/12/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effect of growth temperature (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 degrees C) on the cell response was compared between two Antarctic Penicillium sp. strains (Penicillium sp. p14 and Penicillium sp. m12) and a European temperate strain, Penicillium sp. t35. According to the temperature profiles, Penicillium sp. p14 was identified as psychrophilic, while Penicillium sp. m12 and Penicillium sp. t35 as mesophilic fungi, respectively. The results demonstrated that the growth at low temperature does clearly induce oxidative stress events in all strains tested. Decreases in growth temperature below the optimal coincided with markedly enhanced protein carbonyl content, an indicator of oxidatively damaged proteins. Also, the cellular response to growth temperature in terms of reserve carbohydrate was determined. In the mesophilic strains there was essentially no enhancement of glycogen content. This was in contrast to the psychrophilic Penicillium sp. p14, which gradually accumulated glycogen in response to cold (10 degrees C) during the exponential phase. In addition, elevated endogenous levels of trehalose upon low-temperature stress were exhibited by all model microorganisms. Compared with temperate mesophilic Penicillium sp. t35, Antarctic strains (psychrophilic Penicillium sp. p14 and mesophilic Penicillium sp. m12) demonstrated a marked rise in activities of protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase at decreasing temperatures. The results suggested that low-temperature resistance is partially associated with enhanced scavenging systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yana G Gocheva
- Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Academician G. Bonchev 26, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Perepechaeva ML, Kolosova NG, Grishanova AY. Activity of 20S proteosomes and content of oxidized proteins in rat liver after long-term cold exposure. Bull Exp Biol Med 2006; 142:182-5. [PMID: 17369934 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-006-0322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effect of long-term (5 and 10 days) cold exposure (4 degrees C) on oxidative damage to proteins and proteosomal activity in the liver of Wistar rats. It was shown that core temperature on the 10th day of cold exposure decreased by 1.1 degrees C. The content of oxidized proteins increased at this term. Chymotrypsin-like and peptidylglutamyl peptide hydrolyzing activities increased, while trypsin-like activity decreased during cold exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Perepechaeva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Xenobiotics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk
| | | | | |
Collapse
|