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Bailly C. Efficacy and safety of the traditional herbal medication Chai-Ling-Tang (in China), Siryung-tang (in Republic of Korea) or Sairei-To (in Japan). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117127. [PMID: 37683930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The herbal medicine designated Chai-Ling-Tang in China, Siryung-tang in South Korea, and Sairei-To (or Tsumura Saireito extract granules, TJ-114) in Japan is a complex polyherbal formulations with 12 plant components. It is used historically to treat Shaoyang syndrome, recorded in an ancient Chinese medical text "Treatise on Cold Damage Disorder" (Shanghan Lun). Chai-Ling-Tang formula combines two traditional Chinese herbal medicine prescriptions: Xiao-Chai-Hu-Tang and Wu-Ling-San (known as Sho-Saiko-To and Goreisan in Japan, and So Shi Ho Tang and Oreonsang in Korea, respectively). These traditional Chinese/Korean medicines and Kampo medicine have been used for more than 2000 years in East Asia, notably as regulators of body fluid homeostasis. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to evaluate clinical uses, pharmacological effects and unwanted effects of Sairei-To through a narrative literature survey. The main active phytoconstituents and their mechanism of actions are also collated based on the literature. METHODS Several databases including SciFinder and PubMed were searched in sourcing information using keywords corresponding to the medicinal treatment names and the corresponding plants and phytochemicals. Relevant textbooks, reviews, and digital documents (mostly in English) were consulted to collate all available scientific literature and to provide a complete science-based survey of the topic. RESULTS Sairei-To derives from ten plants and two fungi. The three major components are Bupleuri radix (Saiko), Pinelliae rhizoma (Hange), and Alismatis rhizoma (Takusha). The rest includes the species Scutellariae radix, Zizyphi fructus, Ginseng radix, Glycyrrhizae radix, Zingiberis rhizoma, Cinnamomi cortex, Atractylodis lanceae rhizoma, Poria sclerotium, and Polyporus sclerotium. The therapeutic uses of Sairei-To are very diversified, ranging from the treatment of autoimmune diseases, intestinal inflammatory disorders, edema, intestinal and kidney diseases, cancers, inflammatory skin pathologies, and other conditions such as reproductive failure. Sairei-To is considered as a safe and efficient medication, with potential rare unwanted side effects, notably lung injuries (pneumonitis essentially). Marked anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects of Sairei-To have been reported, generally associated to the action of saponins (saikosaponins, glycyrrhizin), terpenoids (alisols) and flavonoids (baicalin, oroxylin A). CONCLUSION Sairei-To is commonly used to treat inflammatory diseases and appears efficient to decrease the side effects of corticosteroids. Its immune-regulatory action is well recognized and exploited to treat certain skin lesions and chemotherapy-related toxic effects. The activity of the Sairei-To product relies on the synergistic action of its individual ingredients. Further studies are warranted to quantify the synergy of action inherent to this interesting botanical medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bailly
- OncoWitan, Consulting Scientific Office, Lille, Wasquehal, 59290, France; University of Lille, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institut de Chimie Pharmaceutique Albert Lespagnol (ICPAL), 3 rue du Professeur Laguesse, 59000, Lille, France; University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR9020 - UMR1277 - Canther - Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France.
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Saireito (TJ-114) Suppressed Donor-Specific Antibody Through Immunomodulatory Effects and Regulatory T Cell Induction in a Murine Heart Transplant Model. Transplant Proc 2022; 54:482-486. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Multidisciplinary investigations into the pathogenesis of acne have significantly progressed over the past three years. Studies of the etiology of acne from the perspectives, for example, of sebaceous gland biology, sebum, genetics, keratinization, differentiation, hair cycles, immunology, bacteriology, and wound healing have elucidated its pathogenesis. This has led to the development of new therapies and paved the way for advanced studies that will enable the further evolution of acne treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Kurokawa
- Department of Dermatology, Acne Clinical Research Center, Meiwa Hospital, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8186, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakase
- Department of Microbiology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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Tang L, Li X, Wan L, Xiao Y, Zeng X, Ding H. Herbal Medicines for Irinotecan-Induced Diarrhea. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:182. [PMID: 30983992 PMCID: PMC6450188 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Irinotecan (CPT-11), a water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, belongs to the class of DNA topoisomerase I inhibitors and has been approved worldwide for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and malignant lymphoma. Although CPT-11-based chemotherapy is widely used, severe gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity, especially late-onset diarrhea, is a common adverse reaction, limiting clinical application of the drug. The incidence of grade 3 or 4 diarrhea is high, with 20-40% of CPT-11-treated patients experiencing this adverse effect. High-dose loperamide and octreotide are generally recommended for treatment of CPT-11-induced diarrhea. However, in clinical practice, loperamide is associated with a significant failure rate and the beneficial effects of octreotide are controversial. An accumulating number of recent studies have suggested that medicinal herbs and their derived phytocompounds may be effective complementary treatments for CPT-11-induced diarrhea. In this mini-review, we briefly summarize currently available literatures regarding the formulae and herbs/natural products used as adjuvants in animal and clinical studies for the treatment of diarrhea caused by CPT-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Wan
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Kho MC, Park JH, Han BH, Tan R, Yoon JJ, Kim HY, Ahn YM, Lee YJ, Kang DG, Lee HS. Plantago asiatica L. Ameliorates Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Nephrotic Syndrome by Suppressing Inflammation and Apoptosis. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9040386. [PMID: 28420111 PMCID: PMC5409725 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Nephrotic syndrome, a kidney disease with a variety of causes, is mainly characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, and ascites. This study was designed to evaluate the underlying mechanism of action of Plantago asiatica L. (PAL) in treating nephrotic syndrome induced by puromycin aminonucleoside. Methods: PAL has been used in Asia as a traditional medicine and dietary health supplement. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intravenously injected with puromycin aminonucleoside (75 mg/kg/day), then treated with either Losartan (30 mg/kg/day) or PAL (200 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for seven days. Results: PAL significantly decreased ascites, proteinuria level, and plasma lipid parameters. In addition, treatment with PAL attenuated histological damage and hypoalbuminemia. Treatment with PAL also restored podocin expression and reduced inflammation markers such as intracellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1). Lower expression levels of the apoptosis markers Bax, caspase-3 and capase-9 were documented in SD rats receiving PAL. PAL also significantly decreased the phosphorylation levels of MAPKs such as ERK, JNK and p38. Conclusion: As a multifunctional agent, PAL has a renoprotective effect in nephrotic syndrome rat models. The anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties, along with reductions in hyperlipidemia and ascites, represent important therapeutic effects. These results indicate that Plantago asiatica is likely to be a promising agent in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chul Kho
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Ji Hun Park
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Byung Hyuk Han
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Rui Tan
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Jung Joo Yoon
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Hye Yoom Kim
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - You Mee Ahn
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Yun Jung Lee
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Dae Gill Kang
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
| | - Ho Sub Lee
- Hanbang Body-fluid Research Center, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
- College of Oriental Medicine and Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Korea.
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Kwon Y. Mechanism-based management for mucositis: option for treating side effects without compromising the efficacy of cancer therapy. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:2007-16. [PMID: 27103826 PMCID: PMC4827894 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucositis is a major side effect induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Although mucositis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients, management is largely limited to controlling symptoms, and few therapeutic agents are available for treatment. Since mucositis could be inhibited by the modulation of radiotherapy- or chemotherapy-induced pathways independently of cancer treatment, there is an opportunity for the development of more targeted therapies and interventions. This article examined potential therapeutic agents that have been investigated for the prevention and/or inhibition of mucositis induced by conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. They can be classified according to their mechanisms of action: scavenging reactive oxygen species, inhibition of specific cytokine production or inflammation, and inhibition of apoptosis. These early events may be good target pathways for preventing the pathogenesis of mucositis. Considering that both cancer therapy and therapeutic agents for mucositis act on both normal and cancer cells, agents that inhibit mucositis should act through mechanisms that selectively protect normal cells without compromising cancer treatment. Therefore, mechanism-based guidance for the treatment of mucositis is critical to prevent risky treatments for cancer patients and to relieve detrimental side effects effectively from cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjoo Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
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Shimomatsu T, Kanazawa N, Mikita N, Nakatani Y, Li HJ, Inaba Y, Ikeda T, Kondo T, Furukawa F. The effect of hydroxychloroquine on lupus erythematosus-like skin lesions in MRL/lpr mice. Mod Rheumatol 2016; 26:744-8. [PMID: 26873035 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2016.1140711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on lupus erythematosus (LE)-like skin lesions in the MRL/lpr mouse, a model for systemic LE (SLE). METHODS We divided the MRL/lpr mice into three groups that were given: (1) drinking water, (2) HCQ at a dose of 4 mg/kg/d, or (3) HCQ at a dose of 40 mg/kg/d. The HCQ was administered to examine the effect and safety of HCQ on skin lesions and the number of infiltrating cells including mast cells in the dermis. RESULTS Six of 13 mice in the group given drinking water, 3 of 11 mice in the group administered low-dose HCQ (4 mg/kg/d), and 1 of 10 mice in the group administered high-dose HCQ (40 mg/kg/d) presented the skin lesions. The average number of mast cells was 81, 50, and 12 (magnification, ×100), the mortality rate was 24%, 8%, and 9% and the mean body weight gain was 4.6 g, 8.0 g and 5.1 g, respectively. CONCLUSIONS HCQ was demonstrated to decrease the appearance of LE-like lesions and the number of mast cells in the dermis. Furthermore, there were no obvious systemic adverse effects. This study provides evidence that suggests benefits in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Shimomatsu
- a Department of Dermatology , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan .,b Department of Dermatology , Wakayama Rosai Hospital , Wakayama , Japan , and
| | - Nobuo Kanazawa
- a Department of Dermatology , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
| | - Naoya Mikita
- a Department of Dermatology , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
| | - Yumi Nakatani
- a Department of Dermatology , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
| | - Hong-Jin Li
- a Department of Dermatology , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
| | - Yutaka Inaba
- a Department of Dermatology , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
| | - Takaharu Ikeda
- a Department of Dermatology , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
| | - Toshikazu Kondo
- c Department of Forensic Medicine , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
| | - Fukumi Furukawa
- a Department of Dermatology , Wakayama Medical University , Wakayama , Japan
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The Therapeutic Effects of the Chinese Herbal Medicine, Lang Chuang Fang Granule, on Lupus-Prone MRL/lpr Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:8562528. [PMID: 27034698 PMCID: PMC4789466 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8562528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that leads to severe multiorgan damage. Lang Chuang Fang (LCF) is a Chinese herbal medicine that is clinically prescribed for treating SLE. In this study, we examined the therapeutic effects of LCF granule on lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice. Female mice were randomly separated into six groups, and LCF treatment groups received LCF granule at the dosage of 0.97 g/kg/d, 1.95 g/kg/d, and 3.90 g/kg/d, respectively. Here, we found that, compared to the MRL/lpr mice, both the spleen coefficient and thymus coefficient were reduced in the LCF granule-treated mice. There was a marked downregulation in CRP and anti-dsDNA autoantibody and an evident upregulation of CH50 in LCF granule-treated mice. LCF granule treatment also obviously reduced the proteinuria, BUN, and SCr levels in MRL/lpr mice at the dosage of 0.97 g/kg/d, 1.95 g/kg/d, and 3.90 g/kg/d, indicating that LCF granule alleviated the renal injury of MRL/lpr mice. Furthermore, LCF granule decreased p65 NF-κB levels and increased Sirt1 and Nrf2 levels in the kidney tissues of MRL/lpr mice, which might elucidate the beneficial effects of LCF on lupus nephritis. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that LCF granule has therapeutic effects on lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice.
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Hansen CB, Callen JP. Current and future treatment options for cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2015. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2015.1048224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Kato S, Hayashi S, Kitahara Y, Nagasawa K, Aono H, Shibata J, Utsumi D, Amagase K, Kadowaki M. Saireito (TJ-114), a Japanese traditional herbal medicine, reduces 5-fluorouracil-induced intestinal mucositis in mice by inhibiting cytokine-mediated apoptosis in intestinal crypt cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116213. [PMID: 25565296 PMCID: PMC4286213 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical chemotherapy frequently causes intestinal mucositis as a side effect, which is accompanied by severe diarrhea. We recently showed that the cytokine-mediated apoptotic pathway might be important for the development of intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Saireito, the traditional Japanese herbal (Kampo) medicine, is widely used to treat diarrhea and various inflammatory diseases in Japan. In the present study, we investigated the effect of saireito on 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis in mice, especially in relation to apoptosis in the intestinal crypt. Male C57BL/6 mice were given 5-FU (50 mg/kg), i.p. once daily for 6 days. Intestinal mucositis was evaluated histochemically. Saireito (100–1000 mg/kg) was administered p.o. twice daily for 6 days. Repeated 5-FU treatment caused severe intestinal mucositis including morphological damage, which was accompanied by body weight loss and diarrhea. Daily administration of saireito reduced the severity of intestinal mucositis in a dose-dependent manner. Body weight loss and diarrhea during 5-FU treatment were also significantly attenuated by saireito administration. The number of apoptotic and caspase-3-activated cells in the intestinal crypt was increased, and was accompanied by up-regulated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β mRNA within 24 h of the first 5-FU injection. However, all of these measures were significantly lower after saireito administration. These results suggest that saireito attenuates 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis. This action may come from the reduction of apoptosis in the intestinal crypt via suppression of the up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, saireito may be clinically useful for the prevention of intestinal mucositis during cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Kato
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina, Kyoto 607–8414, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shusaku Hayashi
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
| | - Yumeno Kitahara
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina, Kyoto 607–8414, Japan
| | - Koyo Nagasawa
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina, Kyoto 607–8414, Japan
| | - Hitomi Aono
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina, Kyoto 607–8414, Japan
| | - Junichiro Shibata
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina, Kyoto 607–8414, Japan
| | - Daichi Utsumi
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina, Kyoto 607–8414, Japan
| | - Kikuko Amagase
- Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina, Kyoto 607–8414, Japan
| | - Makoto Kadowaki
- Division of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology, Department of Bioscience, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
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Furukawa F. Practical therapeutics for skin lesions of Japanese patients with discoid lupus erythematosus. Expert Opin Orphan Drugs 2014. [DOI: 10.1517/21678707.2014.901166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Wu JB, Ye SF, Liang CL, Li YC, Yu YJ, Lai JM, Lin H, Zheng J, Zhou JY. Qi-Dan Fang ameliorates adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome rat model by enhancing renal function and inhibiting podocyte injury. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:1124-1132. [PMID: 24389029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical syndrome with a variety of causes, mainly characterized by heavy proteinuria. Podocyte injury plays a key role in proteinuria, one of the principal means for the control of NS is to prevent podocyte injury. Qi-Dan Fang consists of two of the most extensively applied herbal remedies among Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (Radix Astragali Mongolici and Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, with a weight ratio of 5:1) which are specifically used for the treatment of various kidney diseases. In previous studies, we found that Qi-Dan Fang provides improvement to patients with adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome by alleviating proteinuria and serum lipid. The aim of this study is to study the efficiency of Qi-Dan Fang on NS model rat with renal dysfunction and podocyte injury, something which has not been carried out yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rats were divided into Normal, Model, Jin Gui Shen Qi Pill (4.12 g/kg), Qi-Dan Fang (3.09, 6.17 and 12.34 g/kg/d) groups, they were each given a single tail intravenous injection of Adriamycin (6.0 mg/kg) except for the Normal group and were orally administered dosages of Qi-Dian Fang and Jin Gui Shen Qi pills once daily for 7 weeks. Following the treatment, the content of cystation C (CysC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr) were measured with an autobiochemical analyser. The pathomorphological changes to the glomeruli, the mRNA expressions of nephrin, podocin, CD2AP genes and p53, bax, bcl-2 proteins expressions were also carried out to probe the effects of Qi-Dan Fang. RESULTS (1) Qi-Dan Fang treatment raised the level of CysC in blood serum while lowering the content of BUN and Scr in the adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome rat model; (2) Long-term administration of Qi-Dan Fang was able to ameliorate pathomorphological change of glomeruli and repair the organization structure of Glomerulus; (3) Qi-Dan Fang could increase the mRNA expression of nephrin, podocin and CD2AP genes, down-regulate the expression of p53, bax proteins, while increased bcl-2 protein to protect the podocyte and restore Glomerular selective filtration function. CONCLUSIONS Results of our present studies reveal that Qi-Dan Fang is able to enhance renal function, inhibit podocyte injury to provide improvements to the Adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Biao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shu-Fang Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chun-Ling Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Cui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ying-Jia Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and West Medicine, Guangzhou 510860, PR China
| | - Jie-Mei Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hui Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jiu-Yao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Effects of Japanese herbal medicine Sairei-to on murine experimental autoimmune uveitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2013; 251:2733-9. [PMID: 24126677 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-013-2473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 09/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been suggested thatSairei-to (TJ114), a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, has immunomodulatory activities. To evaluate the effects of TJ114 on uveitis, we examined the effectiveness of oral administration in a murine model of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). METHODS Murine EAU was induced by subcutaneous injection of human inter-photoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) peptide mixed with complete Freund's adjuvant. In the TJ114-treated group, 2 g/kg was administrated orally from 0 to 20 days after immunization. Clinical scoring, histopathological scoring of EAU, cell proliferation, cytokine assessment, and adoptive transfer experiment of splenic T cells into naïve mice were performed. RESULTS EAU development occurred in 32 of 38 mice (86 %) in the untreated group and 12 of 33 (36 %) in the TJ114-treated group. The clinical scores for EAU in the vehicle-treated and TJ114-treated groups were 1.56 ± 1.65 and 0.59 ± 0.63 respectively, at 14 days after immunization (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney U-test), and 2.26 ± 1.56 and 0.75 ± 1.31 respectively at 21 days (p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney U-test), while the histopathological scores at 21 days were 1.47 ± 1.42 and 0.54 ± 0.84 respectively (p < 0.01, Mann-Whitney U-test). Interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production by cervical lymph node cells obtained from the TJ114-treated group were significantly reduced as compared with those from the vehicle-treated group (p < 0.01, Student's unpaired t-test). Moreover, the levels of C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) and IFN-γ were significantly reduced in splenocytes of TJ114-treated mice as compared with the vehicle-treated group (p < 0.01, Student's unpaired t-test). Mice that received adoptive transfer of splenic T cells from TJ114-treated EAU mice caused significantly lower severity of EAU compared to those that received from vehicle-treated EAU mice. CONCLUSION Oral administration of TJ114 has an inhibitory effect on a murine model of EAU, possibly via reduction in cytokine production by helper type-1 T cells.
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Zhong Y, Deng Y, Chen Y, Chuang PY, Cijiang He J. Therapeutic use of traditional Chinese herbal medications for chronic kidney diseases. Kidney Int 2013; 84:1108-18. [PMID: 23868014 PMCID: PMC3812398 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2013.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese herbal medications (TCHM) are frequently used in conjunction with western pharmacotherapy for treatment of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in China and many other Asian countries. The practice of traditional Chinese medicine is guided by cumulative empiric experience. Recent in vitro and animal studies have confirmed the biological activity and therapeutic effects of several TCHM in CKD. However, the level of evidence supporting TCHM is limited to small, non-randomized trials. Due to variations in the prescription pattern of TCHM and the need for frequent dosage adjustment, which are inherent to the practice of traditional Chinese medicine, it has been challenging to design and implement large randomized clinical trials of TCHM. Several TCHM are associated with significant adverse effects, including nephrotoxicity. However, reporting of adverse effects associated with TCHM has been inadequate. To fully realize the therapeutic use of TCHM in CKD we need molecular studies to identify active ingredients of TCHM and their mechanism of action, rigorous pharmacologic studies to determine the safety and meet regulatory standards required for clinical therapeutic agents, and well-designed clinical trials to provide evidence-based support of their safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ara T, Hattori T, Imamura Y, Wang PL. Development of Novel Therapy for Oral Diseases Using Kampo Medicines. J Oral Biosci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1349-0079(10)80038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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The protective effects of ultraviolet A1 irradiation on spontaneous lupus erythematosus-like skin lesions in MRL/lpr mice. Clin Dev Immunol 2009; 2009:673952. [PMID: 19434230 PMCID: PMC2673515 DOI: 10.1155/2009/673952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2008] [Accepted: 02/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of ultraviolet A1 (UVA1) irradiation on spontaneous lupus erythematosus- (LE-) like skin lesions of MRL/lpr mice, using a disease prevention model. UVA1 irradiation significantly inhibited the development of LE-like skin lesions, without obvious changes of the disease including renal disease and serum antinuclear antibody levels. Besides the massive infiltration of mast cells in the LE-like skin lesions, in the nonlesional skins, more mast cells infiltrated in the UVA1-irradiated group compared with the nonirradiated group. Although apoptotic cells were remarkably seen in the dermis of UVA1-irradiated mice, those cells were hardly detectable in the dermis of the nonirradiated mice without skin lesions. Further analysis showed that some of those apoptotic cells were mast cells. Thus, UVA1 might exert its effects, at least in part, through the induction of the apoptosis of pathogenic mast cells. Our results supported the clinical efficacy of UVA1 irradiation for skin lesions of lupus patients.
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Li P, Yan J, Sun Y, Burczynski FJ, Gong Y. Chinese herbal formula Qilong-Lishui granule improves puromycin aminonucleoside-induced renal injury through regulation of bone morphogenetic proteins. Nephrology (Carlton) 2007; 12:466-73. [PMID: 17803470 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2007.00828.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chinese herbal formula Qilong-Lishui granule (QLG) is an effective natural product for treatment of renal disorder. It was composed of six Chinese herbs according to our clinical practice in the treatment of patients with kidney disease. However, molecular and cellular mechanisms of QLG are still unclear. Therefore, the objective of the current study is to investigate molecular and cellular mechanisms of QLG in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced nephrotic syndrome. METHOD Wistar rats were divided into six groups of sham operation, PAN model, PAN model with high-dosage QLG (QLG-H), PAN model with median-dosage QLG (QLG-M), PAN model with low-dosage QLG (QLG-L), and PAN model with fosinopril (FP). The PAN model was induced by jugular vein injection of PAN at a dose of 5 mg/100 g body weight. Quantities of 24 h urinary protein excretion were examined on days 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30. All rats were sacrificed on day 31 for blood biochemistry, kidney histology and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS PAN-induced nephrotic syndrome was successfully produced in rats. Treatment of QLG significantly reduced protein excretion and blood urea nitrogen and creatinine. QLG and FP treatments also improved protein content in blood, and reduced total cholesterol and triglyceride in blood. Moreover, QLG and FP improved the damage of interstitial induced by PAN. Furthermore, CYP and FP were able to reverse BMPRII and Smad1 mRNAs abundance caused by PAN. CONCLUSION QLG attenuates PAN-induced kidney injury possibly through the bone morphogenetic protein signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Vojdani A, Erde J. Regulatory T cells, a potent immunoregulatory target for CAM researchers: modulating tumor immunity, autoimmunity and alloreactive immunity (III). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2006; 3:309-16. [PMID: 16951715 PMCID: PMC1513145 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nel047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2006] [Accepted: 06/12/2006] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T (T(reg)) cells are the major arbiter of immune responses, mediating actions through the suppression of inflammatory and destructive immune reactions. Inappropriate T(reg) cell frequency or functionality potentiates the pathogenesis of myriad diseases with ranging magnitudes of severity. Lack of suppressive capability hinders restraint on immune responses involved in autoimmunity and alloreactivity, while excessive suppressive capacity effectively blocks processes necessary for tumor destruction. Although the etiology of dysfunctional T(reg) cell populations is under debate, the ramifications, and their mechanisms, are increasingly brought to light in the medical community. Methods that compensate for aberrant immune regulation may not address the underlying complications; however, they hold promise for the alleviation of debilitating immune system-related disorders. The dominant immunoregulatory nature of T(reg) cells, coupled with recent mechanistic knowledge of natural immunomodulatory compounds, highlights the importance of T(reg) cells to practitioners and researchers of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristo Vojdani
- Immunosciences Lab., Inc., 8693 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 200, Beverly Hills, CA 90211, USA.
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Wojcikowski K, Johnson DW, Gobe G. Herbs or natural substances as complementary therapies for chronic kidney disease: ideas for future studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 147:160-6. [PMID: 16581343 DOI: 10.1016/j.lab.2005.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2005] [Revised: 11/09/2005] [Accepted: 11/09/2005] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly common condition with limited treatment options that is placing a major financial and emotional burden on the community. The use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMS) has increased many-fold over the past decade. Although several compelling studies show renal toxicities and an adverse outcome from use of some CAMS, there is also emerging evidence in the literature that some may be renoprotective. Many nephrologists are unaware of these potential therapeutic benefits in treating CKD, or they are reluctant to consider them in research trials for fear of adverse effects (including nephrotoxicity) or deleterious interaction with co-prescribed, conventional medicines. The increased use of self-prescribed CAMS by their patients suggests that practitioners and researchers should keep abreast of the current information on these agents. A primary goal of this article was to review the available scientific evidence for the use of herbs or natural substances as a complementary treatment for patients with CKD. A further goal was to report the literature on herbs that have been reported to cause kidney failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Wojcikowski
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Inhibition of Nifedipine-induced Proliferation of Cultured Human Gingival Fibroblasts by Saireito, a Chinese Herbal Medicine. J Oral Biosci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1349-0079(06)80025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Nishide T, Yoshimasu T, Ikeda T, Seo N, Ohtani T, Furukawa F. Cytokine profiles of skin lesions in murine lupus models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.descs.2005.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ono T, Liu N, Makino T, Nogaki F, Muso E, Honda G, Kita T. Suppressive mechanisms of Sairei-to on mesangial matrix expansion in rat mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. Nephron Clin Pract 2005; 100:e132-42. [PMID: 15824516 DOI: 10.1159/000085059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2004] [Accepted: 12/09/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sairei-to (TJ-114) is a Japanese herbal medicine of standardized quality, originating from traditional Chinese medicine. In the present in vivo study, we investigated the suppressive effects of TJ-114 and related drugs, Shosaiko-to (TJ-9), and Saiboku-to (TJ-96), on mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) in rats. TJ-9 is a basal prescription of TJ-96 and TJ-114. We evaluated the efficacy of these drugs on proteinuria, extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-activity. METHODS MsPGN in Wistar rats was induced by intravenous injection of rabbit anti-rat thymocyte serum (ATS). TJ-114, TJ-9, TJ-96 (500 mg/kg/day), or prednisolone (PSL, 2 mg/kg/day) was orally administered to the rats as drinking water from the day of ATS injection (day 0) to day 8, when rats were sacrificed and the kidney specimens were collected. Macrophage infiltration was evaluated by immunostaining for ED-1. ECM was measured by trichrome-staining, and fibronectin immunostaining. Northern blotting was performed to clarify the mRNA expression of cytokines and fibronectin. SOD-activity in the homogenate of renal cortex was also evaluated. RESULTS The amount of urinary protein was significantly decreased only in the TJ-114-treated group compared with the disease control group (p < 0.05). The number of ED-1-positive cells was significantly decreased in all the treatment groups (p < 0.05, respectively). Decreases in the trichrome-stained area were observed moderately in the TJ-114-treated group (66% of control, p < 0.001) and mildly in the PSL-treated group (76% of control, p < 0.001). The staining area of fibronectin in the glomerulus was significantly decreased in all the treated groups except PSL, and was especially suppressed in the TJ-114-treated group (45% of control, p < 0.001). Transforming growth factor (TGF) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression significantly decreased in the TJ-114-treated group to the control level (p < 0.05). TGF-beta, CTGF, and fibronectin mRNA were upregulated in the disease control group, and TJ-114 suppressed these mRNA expressions in glomeruli. The SOD-activity of renal cortex-homogenate was significantly augmented in all the treated groups except PSL, markedly in the TJ-96- and TJ-114-treated groups. CONCLUSION These results suggest that TJ-114 ameliorates ECM accumulation in experimental rat MsPGN, partly suppressing TGF-beta and CTGF expression through the recovery of SOD-activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Ono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Wojcikowski K, Johnson DW, Gobé G. Medicinal herbal extracts - renal friend or foe? Part two: Herbal extracts with potential renal benefits. Nephrology (Carlton) 2004; 9:400-5. [PMID: 15663644 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1797.2004.00355.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this second of two articles regarding the renal toxicities or benefits of medicinal herbs, herbs are reported as being 'potentially beneficial' to the kidneys if there is strong in vivo evidence of renal protection from toxic substances or drugs; potent, specific renal anti-oxidant effects; in vivo cancer antiproliferative effects specific to the kidneys; or in vivo evidence of being beneficial in renal disease or failure. Among the herbs, polyherbal formulae and fungi with potential renal benefits are Cordyceps sinensis, Sairei-to, Rheum spp., Salvia miltiorrhiza and its component, magnesium lithospermate B and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Wojcikowski
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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Yoshimasu T, Nishide T, Seo N, Hiroi A, Ohtani T, Uede K, Furukawa F. Susceptibility of T cell receptor-alpha chain knock-out mice to ultraviolet B light and fluorouracil: a novel model for drug-induced cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Immunol 2004; 136:245-54. [PMID: 15086387 PMCID: PMC1809037 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2004.02458.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The anticancer agent 5-fluorouracil (FU) frequently induces cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LE) lesions on sun exposed sites. Based on this observation, we have tried to establish a cutaneous LE model of C57BL/6 J (B6) mice, B6 T cell receptor (TCR)-alpha(-/-) mice and B6 TCR-delta(-/-) mice treated with FU and/or ultraviolet B light (UVBL) in order to clarify the role of T cells and the cytokine profile of cutaneous lupus lesions. Cutaneous LE-like skin lesions could be induced in TCR-alpha(-/-) mice with low FU (0.2 mg) plus UVBL, and in B6 mice treated with a high dose of FU (2.0 mg) plus UVBL. In contrast, low FU plus UVBL induced such skin lesions in TCR-delta(-/-) mice at a very low incidence. Specifically, the skin lesions of TCR-alpha(-/-) mice with low FU plus UVBL appeared more rapidly and were more severe than lesions in B6 mice. The former had the common characteristic features of human chronic cutaneous LE such as typical histology, positive IgG at the dermoepidermal junction, low antinuclear antibody and low mortality. Furthermore, a Th1 response was induced in the development of drug-induced cutaneous LE. FU and UVBL-induced cutaneous LE-like eruption is an excellent model for better understanding the pathomechanisms of skin lesion development in LE.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yoshimasu
- Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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