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Vourc'h M, Roquilly A, Broquet A, David G, Hulin P, Jacqueline C, Caillon J, Retiere C, Asehnoune K. Exoenzyme T Plays a Pivotal Role in the IFN-γ Production after Pseudomonas Challenge in IL-12 Primed Natural Killer Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1283. [PMID: 29067027 PMCID: PMC5641345 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) expresses the type III secretion system (T3SS) and effector exoenzymes that interfere with intracellular pathways. Natural killer (NK) cells play a key role in antibacterial immunity and their activation is highly dependent on IL-12 produced by myeloid cells. We studied PA and NK cell interactions and the role of IL-12 using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, sorted human NK cells, and a human NK cell line (NK92). We used a wild-type (WT) strain of PA (PAO1) or isogenic PA-deleted strains to delineate the role of T3SS and exoenzymes. Our hypotheses were tested in vivo in a PA-pneumonia mouse model. Human NK cells or NK92 cell line produced low levels of IFN-γ in response to PA without IL-12 stimulation, whereas PA significantly increased IFN-γ after IL-12 priming. The modulation of IFN-γ production by PA required bacteria-to-cell contact. Among T3SS effectors, exoenzyme T (ExoT) upregulates IFN-γ production and control ERK activation. In vivo, ExoT also increases IFN-γ levels and the percentage of IFN-γ+ NK cells in lungs during PA pneumonia, confirming in vitro data. In conclusion, our results suggest that T3SS could modulate the production of IFN-γ by NK cells after PA infection through ERK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Vourc'h
- Laboratoire UPRES EA3826 «Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections», IRS2 - Nantes Biotech, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Intensive Care Unit, Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôtel Dieu, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Antoine Roquilly
- Laboratoire UPRES EA3826 «Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections», IRS2 - Nantes Biotech, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Intensive Care Unit, Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôtel Dieu, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alexis Broquet
- Laboratoire UPRES EA3826 «Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections», IRS2 - Nantes Biotech, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Gaelle David
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM U1232, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Hulin
- MicroPICell, Cell and Tissue Imaging Core, UMS Inserm 016/CNRS 3356/FED 4203, Villejuif, France
| | - Cedric Jacqueline
- Laboratoire UPRES EA3826 «Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections», IRS2 - Nantes Biotech, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jocelyne Caillon
- Laboratoire UPRES EA3826 «Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections», IRS2 - Nantes Biotech, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Retiere
- Etablissement Français du Sang, Nantes, France.,CRCINA, INSERM U1232, CNRS, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Karim Asehnoune
- Laboratoire UPRES EA3826 «Thérapeutiques cliniques et expérimentales des infections», IRS2 - Nantes Biotech, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,Intensive Care Unit, Anesthesia and Critical Care Department, Hôtel Dieu, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
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Goel A, Kumar S, Bhatia AK. Effect of Ocimum sanctum on the development of protective immunity against Salmonella typhimurium infection through cytokines. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(10)60165-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Wieland CW, van der Windt GJW, Wiersinga WJ, Florquin S, van der Poll T. CD14 contributes to pulmonary inflammation and mortality during murine tuberculosis. Immunology 2008; 125:272-9. [PMID: 18393969 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2008.02840.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors play an essential role in the innate recognition of micro-organisms by the host. CD14 is one of the extracellular adaptor proteins required for recognition of Gram-negative bacteria and possibly also Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, we intranasally infected wild-type (WT) and CD14 knock-out (KO) mice with virulent M. tuberculosis H37Rv. We found no differences in bacterial load in the main target organ lung up to 32 weeks after infection. From 20 weeks onward 57% of WT mice succumbed, whereas all CD14 KO mice survived. The improved outcome of CD14 KO mice was accompanied by reduced pulmonary inflammation; lung cell counts and percentage of inflamed lung tissue were reduced in CD14 WT mice. These data suggest that during chronic infection CD14 KO mice are protected from lethality caused by lung tuberculosis because of a reduction of the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina W Wieland
- Center of Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Jablonska J, Dittmar KE, Kleinke T, Buer J, Weiss S. Essential role of CCL2 in clustering of splenic ERTR-9+ macrophages during infection of BALB/c mice by Listeria monocytogenes. Infect Immun 2006; 75:462-70. [PMID: 17074847 PMCID: PMC1828389 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00443-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early interactions between pathogens and host cells are often decisive for the subsequent course of infection. Here we investigated early events during infection by Listeria monocytogenes, a ubiquitously occurring facultative intracellular microorganism that exhibits severe pathogenicity, mainly in immunocompromised individuals. We show that the inflammatory chemokine CCL2 is highly up-regulated early after Listeria infection in spleens of BALB/c mice. ERTR-9+ macrophages of the marginal zone were identified as the only infected cells and exclusive producers of CCL2 at the early time point. Consequently, clusters of different cell types were formed around infected ERTR-9+ cells. Metallophilic MOMA-1+ marginal zone macrophages were, however, excluded from the clusters and migrated into the B-cell follicles. Depletion of CCL2 during infection resulted in a different composition of cell clusters in the spleen and increased the mortality rate of treated mice. Interestingly, ERTR-9+ macrophages no longer were part of clusters in such mice but remained at their original location in the marginal zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Jablonska
- Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Barthel R, Tsytsykova AV, Barczak AK, Tsai EY, Dascher CC, Brenner MB, Goldfeld AE. Regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha gene expression by mycobacteria involves the assembly of a unique enhanceosome dependent on the coactivator proteins CBP/p300. Mol Cell Biol 2003; 23:526-33. [PMID: 12509451 PMCID: PMC151551 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.23.2.526-533.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) plays an important role in host containment of infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one of the leading causes of death by an infectious agent globally. Using the pathogenic M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv, we present evidence that upon stimulation of monocytic cells by M. tuberculosis a unique TNF-alpha enhanceosome is formed, and it is distinct from the TNF-alpha enhanceosome that forms in T cells stimulated by antigen engagement or virus infection. A distinct set of activators including ATF-2, c-jun, Ets, Sp1, Egr-1 and the coactivator proteins CBP/p300 are recruited to the TNF-alpha promoter after stimulation with M. tuberculosis. Furthermore, the formation of this enhanceosome is dependent on inducer-specific helical phasing relationships between transcription factor binding sites. We also show that the transcriptional activity of CBP/p300 is potentiated by mycobacterial stimulation of monocytes. The identification of TNF-alpha regulatory elements and coactivators involved in M. tuberculosis-stimulated gene expression thus provides potential selective molecular targets in the modulation of TNF-alpha gene expression in the setting of mycobacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Barthel
- The Center for Blood Research. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School. The Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Lehmann J, Bellmann S, Werner C, Schröder R, Schütze N, Alber G. IL-12p40-dependent agonistic effects on the development of protective innate and adaptive immunity against Salmonella enteritidis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2001; 167:5304-15. [PMID: 11673546 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.9.5304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To study a potential IL-12p40-dependent but IL-12p75-independent agonistic activity regulating the immune response against Salmonella Enteritidis, the course of infection in IL-12p35-deficient mice (IL-12p35(-/-), capable of producing IL-12p40) was compared with that of IL-12p40(-/-) mice. Mice lacking IL-12p40 revealed a higher mortality rate and higher bacterial organ burden than mice capable of producing IL-12p40. This phenotype was found in both genetically susceptible (BALB/c, Ity(s)) and resistant mice (129Sv/Ev, Ity(r)) indicating Ity-independent mechanisms. The more effective control of bacteria in the IL-12p35(-/-) mice was associated with elevated serum IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha levels. In contrast, IL-12p40(-/-) mice showed reduced IFN-gamma production, which was associated with significantly elevated serum IgE levels. Early during infection (days 3 and 4 postinfection), as well as late (day 20 postinfection), the number of infected phagocytes was strongly increased in the absence of IL-12p40 indicating impaired bactericidal activity when IL-12p40 was missing. Liver histopathology revealed a decreased number of mononuclear granulomas in IL-12p40(-/-) mice. Depletion of CD4(+) or CD8(+) T lymphocytes in vivo suggested that both T cell subpopulations contribute to the IL-12p40-dependent protective functions. Analysis of IL-12p40 vs IL-23p19 mRNA expression revealed an up-regulation of only IL-12p40 mRNA during Salmonella infection. Together these data indicate that IL-12p40 can induce protective mechanisms during both the innate and the adaptive type 1 immune response in Salmonella infection. This novel activity of IL-12p40 complements the well described dominant and essential role of IL-12p75 in protective immunity to Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lehmann
- Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Abstract
The relationship between acquired specific resistance and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in immunity to tuberculosis has long been a topic of debate. Here, Ian Orme and Andrea Cooper propose that the events are separate mechanisms; protection is cytokine driven and initially controls the infection, whereas DTH is primarily chemokine driven and functions to wall off the infection and prevent further dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Orme
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Dept of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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