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Lau G, Ang JY, Kim N, Gabbe BJ, Mitra B, Dietze PM, Reeder S, Beck B. Prevalence of alcohol and other drug use in patients presenting to hospital for fall-related injuries: a systematic review. Inj Prev 2022; 28:381-393. [PMID: 35508365 DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2021-044513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol and other drug (AOD) use is a key preventable risk factor for serious injuries. Prevention strategies to date have largely focused on transport injuries, despite AOD use being a significant risk factor for other injury causes, including falls. This systematic review aimed to report the prevalence of AOD use in patients presenting to hospital for fall-related injuries. METHODS This systematic review includes studies published in English after the year 2010 that objectively measured the prevalence of AOD use in patients presenting to hospital for a fall-related injury. Screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessments were completed by two independent reviewers. Data were presented using narrative synthesis and, where appropriate, meta-analyses. RESULTS A total of 12 707 records were screened. Full texts were retrieved for 2042 records, of which 29 were included. Four studies reported the combined prevalence of any alcohol and/or drug use, generating a pooled prevalence estimate of 37% (95% CI 25% to 49%). Twenty-two records reported on the prevalence of acute alcohol use alone and nine reported specifically on the prevalence of drugs other than alcohol, with prevalence ranging from 2% to 57% and 7% to 46%, respectively. The variation in prevalence estimates likely resulted from differences in toxicology testing methods across studies. CONCLUSIONS AOD exposure was common in hospitalised fall-related injuries. However, research addressing prevalence across different types of falls and the use of drugs other than alcohol was limited. Future research should address these areas to improve our understanding of which populations should be targeted in AOD and injury prevention strategies . PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020188746.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Lau
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jia Ying Ang
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nayoung Kim
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda J Gabbe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Health Data Research UK, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Biswadev Mitra
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,National Trauma Research Institute, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Emergency and Trauma Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul M Dietze
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Behaviours and Health Risks Program, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sandra Reeder
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ben Beck
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia .,Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Kool B, Buller S, Kuriyan R, Jones-Todd CM, Newcombe D, Jones P. Alcohol and injury among attendees at a busy inner city New Zealand emergency department. Injury 2018. [PMID: 29519635 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We present a study that provides a contemporary view of alcohol-related injury prevalence amongst patients presenting to a New Zealand (NZ) emergency department (ED). METHODS Adult injury patients presenting to Auckland City Hospital ED within 6 h of injury were invited to participate during three recruitment periods (2015-2016). An interviewer-administered questionnaire obtained information on demographic, injury, general health, and lifestyle factors. Breath alcohol samples were obtained. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS 501 patients participated (71% response rate), 21% had consumed alcohol within 6 h of their injury. The majority were male, and overall falls were the most common mechanism of injury among all patients. Alcohol-related injuries most commonly occurred at home, and were significantly more likely to occur during the weekend (Friday-Sunday) and night hours (23:00-06:59). After controlling for the effects of confounding; 'poor' general health, engaging in leisure activities at the time of injury, and injuries resulting from assaults were associated with increasing the odds of alcohol-related injury. CONCLUSIONS Acute alcohol use continues to play a considerable role in ED injury presentations in NZ. Continued policy, health promotion, and injury prevention efforts are required to reduce the harms associated with alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Kool
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Addiction Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Sarah Buller
- Auckland City Hospital Emergency Department, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ron Kuriyan
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Charlotte M Jones-Todd
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Statistics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Scotland, UK
| | - David Newcombe
- Centre for Addiction Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Section of Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter Jones
- Auckland City Hospital Emergency Department, Auckland, New Zealand
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Fu HY, Ting M, Wang YC, Yu HY. Intracardiac foreign body resulting from a transmediastinal gunshot mimics an extracardiac foreign body: An image presentation. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 116:815-818. [PMID: 28709823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A transmediastinal gunshot wound (TMGW) is one of the most severe traumatic injuries, with a high mortality rate. Prompt diagnosis and emergency surgical intervention with or without cardiopulmonary bypass are usually required to save lives. We report a particular case of TMGW in which the computed tomography imaging findings indicated an extracardiac foreign body. However, intraoperative findings revealed an intracardiac foreign body, and urgent cardiopulmonary bypass was performed to remove the foreign body. We suggest that cardiopulmonary bypass should be on standby during an exploratory sternotomy for TMGW, when the trajectory of the bullet hints at a cardiac-penetrating injury according to imaging studies and the location of the bullet remains unaffected by the patient's postural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsun-Yi Fu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mao Ting
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Yu Yu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Rha EY, Kim HJ, Han K, Park Y, Yoo G. Gender-specific relationship between alcohol consumption and injury in the South Korean adults: A nationwide cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5385. [PMID: 28383395 PMCID: PMC5411179 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related injuries have been concerned worldwide. However, there have been no large cross-sectional epidemiologic studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between alcohol and the prevalence of injury according to gender in a representative sample of the South Korean population. This cross-sectional study was based on data obtained in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2012. In total, 15,249 Korean adults (7128 men and 8112 women) aged 19 years or older were enrolled. Injury was defined as the incidence of an injury or intoxication within the year before completing the survey questionnaire. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to analyze the relationship between alcohol consumption and the prevalence of injury. Heavy alcohol consumption and high-risk drinking were associated with a higher prevalence of injury in women (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] and corresponding 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.48 [1.321, 4.656], 1.816 [1.136, 2.929], respectively), and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores ≥20 were associated with a higher prevalence of injury in both men and women (aOR and 95% CI: 1.425 [1.004, 2.024] and 3.71 [2.067, 6.66], respectively). According to the AUDIT scores results, women who were injured reported significantly more high-risk drinking behaviors per month compared with those who were not injured. Gender disparities in the relationship between alcohol and the prevalence of injury were found. Indeed, future research using a prospective design should examine the causal relationship between alcohol consumption and the prevalence injury according to gender to confirm that alcohol is a risk factor for injury and to identify the possible mechanisms underlying this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Rha
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital
| | - Ho Jun Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital
| | | | | | - Gyeol Yoo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yeouido St. Mary's hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
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Harmful alcohol use among Aboriginal people in southern Taiwan: the prevalence, correlates, and adverse drinking effects. J Addict Nurs 2014; 25:41-7. [PMID: 24613950 DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aims to examine the prevalence and correlates of harmful alcohol use among aboriginal people in southern Taiwan and to examine the associations between harmful alcohol use and adverse drinking effects. Four hundred forty-nine aboriginal adults were recruited from two townships in southern Taiwan to complete the questionnaires. Among the aborigines, 59.7% scored an 8 or above on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, including 26.7% who were found to be hazardous drinkers (AUDIT level II), 18.5% who were harmful drinkers (level III), and 14.5% who were with likely dependence (level IV). Male aborigines who participated less in religious activities, had stressful life events, were cigarette smokers, or were betel quid chewers were more likely to have harmful alcohol use. Harmful alcohol use was also associated with an inability to work and with arguments with other people. Our study suggests that aboriginal people in southern Taiwan experience alcohol-related risks at rates as high as other worldwide populations for which AUDIT results are available. Individuals with AUDIT scores at levels II and III are generally candidates for brief interventions delivered in generalist health settings. Individuals with AUDIT scores at level IV should be referred for an addiction specialty evaluation and possible treatment as well as lower-risk individuals (those with AUDIT levels II-III) if they have concurrent physical or psychiatric disorders.
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Arévalo NM, Beltrán SD, Chavarro YL, Medina AL, Herazo E, Campo-Arias A. Prevalence of Alcohol Problem Drinking Among the Indigenous Population in Colombia. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE PSIQUIATRIA 2013; 42:320-323. [PMID: 26573116 DOI: 10.1016/s0034-7450(13)70028-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies have reported a high prevalence of alcohol drinking problem among indigenous populations in Latin America. However, there is no available information on some of the variables associated with alcohol problem drinking. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and some factors associated with alcohol problem drinking among a sample of Colombian indigenous population in Bogotá, Colombia. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted using a Colombian indigenous population sample over 15 years old living in the community. Alcohol problem drinking was quantified with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) (Cut-off point of 8). Non conditional logistic regression was computed to adjust associated variables. RESULTS A total of 184 subjects from the indigenous population participated in this research. The mean age was 32.0±14.0 years and educated for 6.0±3.7 years. A total of 84 participants (45.7%) reported alcohol problem drinking. The AUDIT showed Cronbach alpha of 0.877. Male sex (OR=4.2; 95%CI, 2.2-7.6), and longer time living in Bogota (OR=1.8; 95%CI, 1.0-3.2) were associated with alcohol problem drinking. CONCLUSIONS Almost 50% of the Colombian indigenous population living in Bogota meet criteria for alcohol problem drinking. Male gender and longer time living in Bogota are related to alcohol problem drinking. Further studies are needed to formally identify alcohol abuse or dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Milena Arévalo
- Major School University of Cundinamarca, Social Science School, Bogota, Colombia
| | | | - Yuri Lizeth Chavarro
- Major School University of Cundinamarca, Social Science School, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Alix Lorena Medina
- Major School University of Cundinamarca, Social Science School, Bogota, Colombia
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Chang YP, Yang MS. Nurses' attitudes toward clients with substance use problems. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2013; 49:94-102. [PMID: 23557452 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine factors associated with nurses' attitudes toward clients with substance use problems. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional design was used, and 489 nurses working in two medical centers in Taiwan participated in this study. FINDINGS Age, total nursing experience, work unit, personal experience, experience of taking care of clients with substance use problems, substance use education in school, and continuing education were significantly associated with nurses' attitudes. Hierarchical regression revealed that continuing education predicted nurses' overall attitudes. However, the model explained a low variance. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Education-focused training alone may not be adequate. Nursing workforce development needs to incorporate multiple strategies, including clinical supervision, when designing substance use education for clinical nurses in order to generate better improvements on attitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Chang
- School of Nursing, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Chun S, Reid EA, Yun M. The association of alcohol drinking pattern and self-inflicted intentional injury in Korea: a cross-sectional WHO collaborative emergency room study. BMJ Open 2013; 3:bmjopen-2012-002469. [PMID: 23633416 PMCID: PMC3641485 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Self-inflicted intentional injuries are increasing at an alarming rate in the Republic of Korea, yet few reports describe their relationship with alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to characterise the association of alcohol drinking patterns and self-inflicted intentional injury in Korean emergency departments (EDs) using WHO collaborative study protocol. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Data were collected from four general hospital EDs in four geographically diverse regions of Korea: Seoul, Suwon, Chuncheon and Gwangju. PARTICIPANTS Information was collected on 1989 patients aged 18 and above. A representative probability sample was drawn from patients admitted to each ED for the first time within 6 h of injury. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Alcohol-related non-fatal injuries. RESULTS Among 467 persons with alcohol-related injuries, 33 (7.1%), were self-inflicted intentional injuries and 137 (29.3%) were intentional injuries caused by someone else. The adjusted odds of self-inflicted intentional injury verses unintentional injury were calculated for heavy (OR 1.764; 95% CI 0.783 to 3.976), binge (OR 2.125; 95% CI 0.930 to 4.858) and moderate drinking (OR 3.039; 95% CI 1.129 to 8.178) after controlling for demographic variables. Similar odds were reported for pooled intentional injury data (self-inflicted and caused by someone else) and drinking patterns. CONCLUSIONS These data show a strong association between all patterns of acute alcohol consumption and self-inflicted intentional injury in the Republic of Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungsoo Chun
- Department of Health Management, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea
- Korean Institute on Alcohol Problems, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Easton A Reid
- Korean Institute on Alcohol Problems, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea
- Faculty of Science, Asia Pacific International University, Muak Lek, Saraburi, Thailand
| | - Mieun Yun
- Korean Institute on Alcohol Problems, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea
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Noh H, Jung KY, Park HS, Cheon YJ. Characteristics of alcohol-related injuries in adolescents visiting the emergency department. J Korean Med Sci 2011; 26:431-7. [PMID: 21394314 PMCID: PMC3051093 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2011.26.3.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is frequently a factor affecting emergency department patients, and alcohol consumption is more common among those who are injured. In Korea, the socioeconomic impact of alcohol has been enormous because of traditional permissive attitudes toward alcohol. Juvenile drinking has increased recently; consequently, an increase in alcohol-related injuries is likely in this population. Therefore, we compared the characteristics and severity of alcohol-related injuries in adolescents and adults. All injured patients seen at six EDs throughout 2007 were included. We obtained data from the 'Development of a model for an in-depth injury surveillance system based on the emergency department' surveillance. The proportion of adolescents who drank was 5.0%. No significant alcohol-related difference in injuries was found between male and female adolescents (P = 0.14), whereas in adults, being male was strongly related to alcohol consumption (P < 0.001). Among traffic accidents, motorcycle-related injuries were strongly associated with alcohol use in adolescents (odds ratio [OR] 2.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-5.83). Results also indicated that alcohol-related injuries in adolescents showed poor outcomes (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.47-3.81) as compared with those in adults (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.26-1.59). Preventive strategy on alcohol-related injuries in adolescents should focus on reducing motorcycle accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Noh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Koo Young Jung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Sook Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Jin Cheon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Li YM. Deliberate Self-harm and Relationship to Alcohol Use at an Emergency Department In Eastern Taiwan. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2007; 23:247-53. [PMID: 17525007 DOI: 10.1016/s1607-551x(09)70405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicide incidence has increased dramatically in recent years in Taiwan. In 2004, 3,468 lives were lost due to suicide and the total mortality was 15.3/100,000. It is well known that alcohol drinking raises the risk of deliberate self-harm (DSH), especially among psychologically distressed subjects. This study investigated the characteristics of DSH patients and their association with acute alcohol drinking. Since 2004, an injury surveillance system has been set up in a medical center, collecting the minimal information recommended by the World Health Organization. Attending nurses collected information and assessed each injured patient as to whether he/she smelled of alcohol. Medical records of DSH injuries were reviewed for confirmation of any prior DSH and any known mental disorder was checked. Of 11,837 injuries, 123 (1.0%) were DSH. Those who were first-time DSH patients (n = 115) were studied. About half of the patients were female and 83.5% were aged between 20 and 54 years. More than half of the DSH incidents occurred at home and 80.1% cases were stabbing or cutting injuries. Injuries were defined as alcohol-related based on the report of "alcohol odor'' or "intoxicated'' by the nurse or a positive blood alcohol test. In total, 55 (47.8%) DSH injuries were found to be alcohol-related. The proportion of alcohol-related injuries was highest (60.0%) in the age range 45-64 years. Of those patients who tested positive for alcohol (n = 21), the mean blood alcohol concentration was 211.2 mg/dL (standard deviation, 79.1). Most subjects were discharged from the emergency department (75.7%). Only 20 DSH patients (17.1%) went on to receive a psychiatric consultation. DSH is not uncommon in eastern Taiwan. Half of our cases were associated with alcohol use. Males had the same risk of injuring themselves and were more likely than females to adopt "severe" methods to injure themselves. Further studies into the causes of DSH or parasuicide attempts are needed. Psychiatric consultation is essential in caring for DSH patients and in preventing suicide. ADSH injury also offers an opportunity to recognize alcohol problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Ming Li
- Department of Family Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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