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Miao F, Geng S, Ning D. Hydroxytyrosol ameliorates LPS-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in mice by modulating the balance between M1/M2 phenotype macrophage and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB activation. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
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Ali FE, Ibrahim IM, Ghogar OM, Abd-alhameed EK, Althagafy HS, Hassanein EH. Therapeutic interventions target the NLRP3 inflammasome in ulcerative colitis: Comprehensive study. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:1026-1053. [PMID: 36844140 PMCID: PMC9950862 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i6.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the significant health issues in the world is the prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC). UC is a chronic disorder that mainly affects the colon, beginning with the rectum, and can progress from asymptomatic mild inflammation to extensive inflammation of the entire colon. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of UC pathogenesis emphasizes the need for innovative therapeutic approaches based on identifying molecular targets. Interestingly, in response to cellular injury, the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a crucial part of the inflammation and immunological reaction by promoting caspase-1 activation and the release of interleukin-1β. This review discusses the mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by various signals and its regulation and impact on UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares E.M Ali
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Islam M. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Osama M Ghogar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Esraa K. Abd-alhameed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 12345, Egypt
| | - Hanan S. Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 12345, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad H.M. Hassanein
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
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A Pioneering Study on the Recovery of Valuable Functional Compounds from Olive Pomace by using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction: Comparison of Perlite Addition and Drying. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Islam MS, Parvin MS, Islam ME. The protective and antioxidant effects of Hygrophila schulli seeds on oxidative damage of DNA and RBC cellular membrane. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08767. [PMID: 35146152 PMCID: PMC8802844 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plants are sources of antioxidant which may protect the body against oxidative stress related diseases and can be used as human food supplements. In this investigation, seeds of Hygrophila schulli (M. R. Almeida & S. M. Almeida) (Fam.-Acanthaceae), a herbaceous plant well known for its medicinal properties, has been examined for antioxidant activity of crude methanolic extract (CME) and its fraction using in vitro and in vivo assay as well as their protective activity against oxidative damage of DNA and RBC. Total phenolic and flavonoid content have also been estimated using the aluminum chloride colorimetric and Folin-Ciocalteu method. Among the different fractions of CME, Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) had higher antioxidant activity in vitro assay and was selected for in vivo antioxidant activity in cadmium intoxicated mice. The EAF showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in serum catalase and SOD activity compared to the control group. TBARS levels were restored to 17.42 and 19.19 nmol/mg protein, respectively, after treatment with EAF and standard ascorbic acid (AA); compared to the normal group (14.96 nmol/mg protein). Similarly, levels of albumin, bilirubin, uric acid, and alkaline phosphatase were also brought back to normal levels. EAF's protective role against oxidative damage of DNA has shown a significant reduction in destroying of nicked DNA. RBC as a target of oxidation by H2O2 and HOCl, EAF showed inhibition of oxidation in a concentration-dependent manner, compared to standard gallic acid. In this study, we confirmed that EAF could scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) thus preventing DNA strand scission and the extract can be used as a functional food or nutraceutical product for health benefits.
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Miao F. Hydroxytyrosol Alleviates DSS–induced Colitis by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Modulating Gut Microbiota in vivo. Nutrition 2021; 97:111579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of hydroxytyrosol in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed broilers. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101516. [PMID: 34784517 PMCID: PMC8591503 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important olive component, hydroxytyrosol (HT) has good medicinal and health effects. However, its importance in alleviating immune suppression in broilers has not been established. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of HT in immune suppressed broilers. Immune suppressed broiler models were established via intraperitoneal injection of 80 mg/kg cyclophosphamide (Cy). Thirty two Cobb 500 male broilers were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 8 each. Broilers in the model (Cy) and HT treatment (Cy+HT) groups were intraperitoneally administered with Cy (80 mg/kg BW) once a day for 3 d. From the 4th d, broilers in the Cy+HT and HT groups were treated with 0.5 mL of 200 mg/L HT solution, once a day, for 7 d. The Cy and Con groups were orally administered with normal saline. On the 14th and 28th d, serum and duodenal samples were obtained for testing. It was found that HT increased villi height (VH)/crypt depth (CD) ratio in the duodenum and suppressed serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. Moreover, it elevated the expressions of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. HT upregulated the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interleukin-10 (IL-10), enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and downregulated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in Cy-induced immune-suppressed broilers. In conclusion, HT can alleviate immune-suppression as well as enhance immunity and antioxidant activities in the local mucosa of small intestines in broilers. Therefore, it can be used as an immune stimulant. More studies should be performed to confirm our findings and to elucidate on the mechanisms of HT.
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Anissi J, Sendide K, Ouardaoui A, Benlemlih M, El Hassouni M. Production of hydroxytyrosol from hydroxylation of tyrosol by Rhodococcus pyridinivorans 3HYL DSM109178. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2021.1903884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaouad Anissi
- School of Engineering BIOMEDTECH, EUROMED University of Fes, Fez, Morocco
| | - Khalid Sendide
- Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health Laboratory, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Abdelkrim Ouardaoui
- Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Biotechnology, Environment, Agri-Food and Health Laboratory, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Benlemlih
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Hassouni
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, School of Science and Engineering, Al Akhawayn University, Ifrane, Morocco
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Hormozi M, Salehi Marzijerani A, Baharvand P. Effects of Hydroxytyrosol on Expression of Apoptotic Genes and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in LS180 Cells. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:7913-7919. [PMID: 32943925 PMCID: PMC7468519 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s253591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Colorectal cancer is the third–most commonly occurring cancer in developed countries. Hydroxytyrosol is a potent antioxidant that has several activities, such as oxidative-stress control, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of apoptosis. In this study, the effect of hydroxytyrosol on the expression of genes effective in apoptosis — BAX, BCL2, CASP3, P53, PPARG, and NFE2L2 — and antioxidant-enzyme activity in LS180 cells of human colorectal cancer was investigated. Methods The human colorectal cancer cell line LS180 was treated with different concentrations of hydroxytyrosol for 24 hours. Expression of BAX, BCL2, CASP3, NFE2L2, PPARG, and P53 was investigated using real-time PCR. The activity of antioxidant and malondialdehyde enzymes was measured by calorimetric methods. Results Analysis of gene expression showed that hydroxytyrosol significantly increased the expression of CASP3 and the BAX:BCL2 ratio in treatment groups compared to the control (P<0.05). Also, hydroxytyrosol significantly reduced the expression of the NFE2L2 gene (P<0.05). Calorimetric analysis showed that hydroxytyrosol increased activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in treatment groups significantly more than the control group and reduced thiobarbituric acid–reactive substances on an oxidative stress index (P<0.05). Conclusion Hydroxytyrosol may induce apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by increasing the expression of CASP3 gene and increasing the BAX:BCL2 ratio. Also, hydroxytyrosol may increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduce the proliferation of LS180 cells by changing the antioxidant-defense system in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hormozi
- Department of Biochemistry, Lorestan University of Medical Science, Khorramabad, Iran
| | | | - Parastoo Baharvand
- Department of Community Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Yang Q, Noviana M, Zhao Y, Chen D, Wang X. Effect of curcumin extract against oxidative stress on both structure and deformation capability of red blood cell. J Biomech 2019; 95:109301. [PMID: 31443943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.07.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The normal deformability of erythrocytes plays an important role in ensuring blood mobility, erythrocyte longevity, and microcirculation, which is the ability of erythrocytes to change shapes in response to external forces. However, the effects of curcumin extracts on the deformability of erythrocytes have not yet been evaluated. Accordingly, in this study, we explored the effects of pre-treatment with curcumin extract on erythrocyte deformation and erythrocyte band 3 (SLC4A1; EB3) expression. We also evaluated the associations between EB3 expression and erythrocyte deformability induced by hydrogen peroxide. Blood samples were divided into the control group, pre-treatment group (treated with curcumin extract or vitamin C), and negative control group, and oxidant stress parameters, antioxidant status, erythrocyte deformability and elasticity, and EB3 modifications were evaluated using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining. Hydrogen peroxide significantly increased oxidative stress parameters, modulus elasticity values and clustered EB3 levels and induced conjugation of membrane proteins to form high-molecular-weight complexes (p < 0.05). Erythrocyte deformability and elasticity were significantly decreased in the treated groups compared with those in the control group. Overall, our findings suggested that pre-treatment with curcumin extracts increased antioxidant status, reduced EB3 cross-linking, and improved erythrocyte deformability, to an even better extent than vitamin C. These results provide important insights into the effects of treatment with curcumin extracts on erythrocyte damage and suggest that curcumin may have applications in antioxidant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Milody Noviana
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yajin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Hydroxytyrosol rich-mixture from olive mill wastewater and production of green products by feeding Rhodopseudomonas sp. S16-FVPT5 with the residual effluent. J Biotechnol 2019; 295:28-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Shediwah FMH, Naji KM, Gumaih HS, Alhadi FA, Al-Hammami AL, D'Souza MR. Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activity of Costus speciosus against atherogenic diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rabbits. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2019; 17:181-191. [PMID: 30799249 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE An extract of Costus speciosus (CSE), a herb widely used in folk medicine, was evaluated for its antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic and ameliorating effects on histopathological changes in atherogenic rabbits. METHODS Twenty-four male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were divided into 4 groups. Three groups were fed a diet containing 3% saturated fat and 1.3% cholesterol for 40 d. One of these was sacrificed on the 40th day and was called the pathogenic (P) group; the other two groups received treatment for another 30 d as follows: one received 0.8 g/(kg·d) of CSE and the other was given 0.01 g/(kg·d) of simvastatin. The normal group was sacrificed on the 70th day and used as a control. RESULTS CSE showed radical-scavenging ability. Administration of CSE for a 30-day period resulted in a significant decrease in total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein and aspartate aminotransferase compared to the P group, while levels of hemoglobin, packed corpuscular volume and red blood cells were elevated. With respect to studies performed on the heart, a decrease in malondialdehyde and an increase in reduced glutathione were noted. Total protein increased in the liver, heart and aorta after treatment with CSE and also a marked improvement in histopathological parameters was demonstrated. CONCLUSION The present findings indicate that the C. speciosus rhizome possesses antiatherogenic and antioxidant properties which may provide protective effects against oxidative stress in atherosclerotic rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khalid Mohammed Naji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, 13499 Sana'a, Yemen; Chemical Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Constance, Germany.
| | - Hussein Saleh Gumaih
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, 13499 Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Fatima A Alhadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, 13499 Sana'a, Yemen
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Targeting endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition: the protective role of hydroxytyrosol sulfate metabolite. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:517-527. [PMID: 30725211 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-01920-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) plays an important role in pathogenesis of a number of inflammatory diseases. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) and, particularly, its major plasma metabolite HT-3O sulfate (HT-3Os) are known olive oil antioxidant and anti-inflammatory polyphenols which exert benefits against vascular diseases by improving endothelial function. However, to date the HT-3Os role in EndMT is not well known. METHODS To investigate the HT-3Os effects on EndMT in the inflamed endothelium, we used an in vitro model of endothelial dysfunction, challenging endothelial cells (EC), human umbilical EC (HUVEC) and human retinal EC (HREC) with Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), an inflammatory agent. HREC were used as a specific model to investigate HT-3Os effects on vascular retinal diseases. RESULTS We found that IL-1β treatment-induced EndMT phenotype in both cell models, also changing cell morphology. HT-3Os protected EC against IL-1β effects, recovering cell morphology and phenotype. Mechanistically, HT-3Os targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 FGFR1 expression and let-7 miRNA, controlled transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signalling in EC, downregulating transcription factors expression (SNAI1 and ZEB2) and gene expression of late EndMT markers (FN1, VIM, NOTCH3, CNN1, MMP2 and MMP9). CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that HT-3Os blunts pathological EndMT in inflamed EC, maintaining high let-7 miRNA expression and preventing activation of TGF-β signalling.
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Sakakura A, Pauze M, Namiki A, Funakoshi-Tago M, Tamura H, Hanaya K, Higashibayashi S, Sugai T. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of hydroxytyrosol monoesters and their suppression effect on nitric oxide production stimulated by lipopolysaccharides. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:185-191. [PMID: 30319060 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1530970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid monoesters of hydroxytyrosol [2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanol] were synthesized in two steps from tyrosol (4-hydroxyphenylethanol) by successive Candida antarctica lipase B-catalyzed chemoselective acylation on the primary aliphatic hydroxy group over phenolic hydroxy group in tyrosol, and 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX)-mediated hydroxylation adjacent to the remaining free phenolic hydroxy group. Examination of their suppression effects on nitric oxide production stimulated by lipopolysaccharides in RAW264.7 cells showed that hydroxytyrosol butyrate exhibited the highest inhibition (IC50 7.0 μM) among the tested compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Pauze
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Keio University , Tokyo , Japan.,b Department of Chemistry , Graduate School of SIGMA Clermont , Aubiere Cedex , France
| | | | | | | | - Kengo Hanaya
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Keio University , Tokyo , Japan
| | | | - Takeshi Sugai
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , Keio University , Tokyo , Japan
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Lins PG, Marina Piccoli Pugine S, Scatolini AM, de Melo MP. In vitro antioxidant activity of olive leaf extract ( Olea europaea L.) and its protective effect on oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00805. [PMID: 30255162 PMCID: PMC6148714 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate in vitro antioxidant capacity of olive leaf extract (OLE), Olea europaea L., and its protective effect on peroxyl radical-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. MAIN METHODS The OLE was evaluated by the following assays: i) total phenolic and flavonoid content; ii) oleuropein content; iii) Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP); iv) antioxidant activity against ABTS•+, DPPH• and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: superoxide anion ( O 2 · - ), hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and nitric oxide (NO•) and v) protective effect on peroxyl radical-induced oxidative damages in human erythrocytes as hemolysis, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation and oxyhemoglobin oxidation. KEY FINDINGS Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 131.7 ± 9.4 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dry weight (dw) and 19.4 ± 1.3 mg quercetin equivalents/g dw, respectively. Oleuropein content was 25.5 ± 5.2 mg/g dw. FRAP analysis was 281.8 ± 22.8 mg trolox equivalent/g dw and OLE inhibited ABTS•+ (50% effective concentration (EC50) = 16.1 ± 1.2 μg/mL) and DPPH• (EC50 = 13.8 ± 0.8 μg/mL). The extract demonstrated effective ability to scavenge O 2 · - (EC50 = 52.6 ± 2.1 μg/mL), NO• (EC50 = 48.4 ± 6.8 μg/mL) and HOCl (EC50 = 714.1 ± 31.4 μg/mL). The extract inhibited peroxyl radical-induced hemolysis (EC50 = 11.5 ± 1.5 μg/mL), TBARS formation (EC50 = 38.0 ± 11.7 μg/mL) and hemoglobin oxidation (EC50 = 186.3 ± 29.7 μg/mL) in erythrocytes. SIGNIFICANCE OLE is an important source of natural antioxidants; it has effective antioxidant activity against different reactive species and protects human erythrocytes against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mariza Pires de Melo
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering (FZEA), University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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Funakohi-Tago M, Sakata T, Fujiwara S, Sakakura A, Sugai T, Tago K, Tamura H. Hydroxytyrosol butyrate inhibits 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 axis in SH-SY5Y cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 834:246-256. [PMID: 30053409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a polyphenol contained in olives and exhibits antioxidant activity. We herein investigated the effects of HT and its derivatives, hydroxytyrosol acetate (HT-A) and hydroxytyrosol butyrate (HT-B), on the protection of neuronal cells against apoptosis induced by the Parkinson's disease-related neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The pretreatment of SH-SY5Y cells with HT-B, but not HT or HT-A significantly reduced the 6-OHDA-induced generation of reactive oxygen species, activation of caspase-3, and subsequent cell death. HT-B also induced the protein expression of the transcription factor, NF-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and its transcriptional activation, resulting in the up-regulated expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which conferred neuroprotection against 6-OHDA-induced oxidative damage. Furthermore, three cysteine residues, Cys151, Cys273, and Cys288 in Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) were necessary for the HT-B-induced activation of Nrf2. Collectively, the present results demonstrated that HT-B, harboring higher fat solubility than HT and HT-A, effectively elicited adaptive responses to oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 axis in neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Funakohi-Tago
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Tomoki Sakata
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Satoru Fujiwara
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sakakura
- Division of Organic and Biocatalytic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sugai
- Division of Organic and Biocatalytic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Kenji Tago
- Division of Structural Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hiroomi Tamura
- Division of Hygienic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
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Aponte M, Ungaro F, d'Angelo I, De Caro C, Russo R, Blaiotta G, Dal Piaz F, Calignano A, Miro A. Improving in vivo conversion of oleuropein into hydroxytyrosol by oral granules containing probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 299v and an Olea europaea standardized extract. Int J Pharm 2018. [PMID: 29526619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study reports novel food-grade granules for co-delivery of L. plantarum 299v and a standardized extract of Olea europaea leaves (Phenolea®) as oral carrier of probiotics and hydroxytyrosol. Different granule formulations containing either L. plantarum 299v (Lac), or the olive leave extract (Phe) or their combination (Lac-Phe) have been successfully produced through wet granulation employing excipients generally regarded as safe as granulating/binding agents. L. plantarum cells withstood the manufacturing process and were stable upon storage at 4 °C for more than 6 months. In vitro dissolution studies in simulated gastro-intestinal fluids showed the capability of the granules to rapidly dissolve and deliver both olive leave phenols and living L. plantarum cells. In simulated digestion conditions, Lac and Lac-Phe granules protected L. plantarum against the harsh environment of the gastro-intestinal tract. Co-administration of Lac and Phe oral granules to healthy mice provided for higher amounts of hydroxytyrosol in urines as compared to Phe granules alone, suggesting that L. plantarum 299v boosted in vivo conversion of oleuropein to hydroxytyrosol. On the other hand, PCR-assisted profiling of the Lactobacillus population in faeces obtained from mice treated with Lac or Lac plus Phe confirmed that the probiotic arrived alive to colon and was there able to exert a sort of perturbing effect on the climax colonic microflora. Overall, these results pave the way towards the development of a nutraceutical useful for combined delivery of bioactive hydroxytyrosol and probiotics to colon site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aponte
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Ungaro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Ivana d'Angelo
- Di.S.T.A.Bi.F., University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Carmen De Caro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Blaiotta
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Dal Piaz
- Department of Medicine, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Antonio Calignano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Agnese Miro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Protective Effect of Hydroxytyrosol Against Oxidative Stress Mediated by Arsenic-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 186:27-39. [PMID: 29497947 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports beneficial effect of hydroxytyrosol (HT) against arsenic (As)-induced oxidative stress in the rat brain. Rats were orally administered with sodium arsenite dissolved in distilled water (25 ppm, by oral gavage) for 8 weeks or HT (10 mg/kg b. wt.) in combination with As. Results showed increase in protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation, while catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities as well as GSH content were decreased after As exposure in rat brain. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed significant alteration in peak area values that also validated the oxidative damage to lipids and proteins. In addition, As exposure caused increase in protein expression of caspase-3 and Bax, while Bcl-2 expression was downregulated resulting in translocation of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol. Treatment of HT with As reversed protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and increased GSH content as well as catalase and SOD activities. Administration of HT also prevented translocation of cytochrome c from mitochondria and increased mitochondria/cytosol ratio of cytochrome c. Hence, treatment of HT with As improved antioxidant system and efficiently lowered the generation of oxidative stress in rat brain.
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Amani H, Ajami M, Nasseri Maleki S, Pazoki-Toroudi H, Daglia M, Tsetegho Sokeng AJ, Di Lorenzo A, Nabavi SF, Devi KP, Nabavi SM. Targeting signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) in human cancer by dietary polyphenolic antioxidants. Biochimie 2017; 142:63-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Lin L, Huang J, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zhao M, Zhao K, Que J. Maca (Lepidium meyenii) as a source of macamides and polysaccharide in combating of oxidative stress and damage in human erythrocytes. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianzhu Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health; Beijing Technology & Business University; Beijing 100048 China
| | - Kun Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Junjie Que
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510640 China
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Terzuoli E, Nannelli G, Frosini M, Giachetti A, Ziche M, Donnini S. Inhibition of cell cycle progression by the hydroxytyrosol-cetuximab combination yields enhanced chemotherapeutic efficacy in colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83207-83224. [PMID: 29137335 PMCID: PMC5669961 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a polyphenol of olive oil, downregulates epidermal growth factor (EGFR) expression and inhibits cell proliferation in colon cancer (CC) cells, with mechanisms similar to that activated by the EGFR inhibitor, cetuximab. Here, we studied whether HT treatment would enhance the cetuximab inhibitory effects on cell growth in CC cells. HT-cetuximab combination showed greater efficacy in reducing cell growth in HT-29 and WiDr cells at concentrations 10 times lower than when used as single agents. This reduction was clearly linked to cell cycle blockade, occurring at G2/M phase. The cell cycle arrest in response to combination treatment is related to cyclins B, D1, and E, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 2, CDK4, and CDK6 down-regulation, and to the concomitant over-expression of CDK inhibitors p21 and p27. HT and cetuximab stimulated a caspase-independent cell death cascade, promotedtranslocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria to nucleus and activated the autophagy process. Notably, normal colon cells and keratinocytes were less susceptible to combo-induced cell death and EGFR downregulation. These results suggest a potential role of diet, containing olive oil, during cetuximab chemotherapy of colon tumor. HT may be a competent therapeutic agent in CC enhancing the effects of EGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Terzuoli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Ginevra Nannelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Frosini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Antonio Giachetti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marina Ziche
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Sandra Donnini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Intracellular antioxidant activities of selected cereal phenolic extracts and mechanisms underlying the protective effects of adlay phenolic extracts on H 2 O 2 -induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Peyrol J, Riva C, Amiot MJ. Hydroxytyrosol in the Prevention of the Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders. Nutrients 2017; 9:E306. [PMID: 28335507 PMCID: PMC5372969 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Virgin olive oil (VOO) constitutes the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet. VOO is rich in oleic acid, displaying health-promoting properties, but also contains minor bioactive components, especially phenolic compounds. Hydroxytyrosol (HT), the main polyphenol of olive oil, has been reported to be the most bioactive component. This review aims to compile the results of clinical, animal and cell culture studies evaluating the effects of HT on the features of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) (body weight/adiposity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia/insulin resistance) and associated complications (oxidative stress and inflammation). HT was able to improve the lipid profile, glycaemia, and insulin sensitivity, and counteract oxidative and inflammatory processes. Experimental studies identified multiple molecular targets for HT conferring its beneficial effect on health in spite of its low bioavailability. However, rodent experiments and clinical trials with pure HT at biologically relevant concentrations are still lacking. Moreover, the roles of intestine and its gut microbiota have not been elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Peyrol
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharm-Ecology EA4278, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France.
| | - Catherine Riva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharm-Ecology EA4278, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Avignon University, F-84000 Avignon, France.
| | - Marie Josèphe Amiot
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), Nutrition, Obesity and Risk of Thrombosis, Aix-Marseille University, F-13005 Marseille, France.
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), Markets, Organisations, Institutions, Stakeholder Strategies, F-34060 Montpellier, France.
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, F-34060 Montpellier, France.
- Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes, F-34060 Montpellier, France.
- Montpellier SupAgro, F-34060 Montpellier, France.
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; Division of Nutrtition, Chemical Food Safety and Consumer Behaviour, F-75015 Paris, France.
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, F-75015 Paris, France.
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Silva S, Gomes L, Leitão F, Coelho AV, Boas LV. Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Olea europaea L. Fruits and Leaves. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1082013206070166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracts of leaves, fruits and seeds of olive tree cultivars of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (Portugal) were analysed by reverse phase HPLC with diode array detection and mass spectrometry (MS). This methodology allowed the identification of some common phenolic compounds, namely, verbascoside, rutin, luteolin-7-glucoside, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol. Moreover the hyphenation of HPLC with MS enabled the identification of nüzhenide in olive seeds. An oleuropein glucoside was also detected in olive tree leaves. The total phenolic content was determined with the Folin Denis reagent and the total antioxidant activity with the ABTS method. There is a correlation between total antioxidant activity and total phenolic content with the exception of the seed extracts analysed. The apparent high antioxidant activity of seed extracts may be due to nüzhenide, a secoiridoid that is the major phenolic component of olive seeds. These results suggest a possible application of olive seeds as sources of natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Silva
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12-2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Apartado 127-2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal,
| | - L. Gomes
- Faculdade de Farmácia de Lisboa, Av. das Forças Armadas 1649-019 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F. Leitão
- Estação Agronómica Nacional (INIAP), Quinta do Marquês, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - A. V. Coelho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Apartado 127-2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal, Universidade de Évora, Departamento de Química 7000 Évora, Portugal
| | - L. Vilas Boas
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Apartado 127-2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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Oleuropein Ameliorates Cisplatin-induced Hematological Damages Via Restraining Oxidative Stress and DNA Injury. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2016; 33:348-354. [PMID: 28824236 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-016-0718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cancer, in the world is increasing steadily. Despite intense research efforts, no approved therapy is yet available. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug but induces acute tissue injury. Oleuropein (OLE) is a major phenolic compound and used as a possible natural antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer agent. We hypothesized that antioxidant activity of OLE may decrease cisplatin-induced oxidative stress and prevent to the development of chemotherapeutic complications including abnormality in hematological condition. Male Sprague Dawley rats were used in the experiments. Rats were randomly assigned to one of eight groups: control group; group treated with i.p. injection in a single dose of 7 mg/kg/day cisplatin; groups treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day OLE (i.p.); and groups treated with OLE for 3 days starting at 24 h following cisplatin injection. First, hematological assessment was appreciated between control and experimental groups. Second, total oxidative stress (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels of blood were measured by biochemical studies. In addition to this, oxidative DNA damage was determined by measuring as increases in 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) adducts. The treatment with cisplatin elevated the TOS and 8-OH-dG levels that were then reversed by OLE. Reductions in antioxidant capacity with respect to corresponding controls were also restored by OLE treatment. These findings suggest that the OLE treatment against cisplatin-induced toxicity improves the function of blood cells and helps them to survive in the belligerent environment created by free radicals.
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Lipophilic hydroxytyrosol esters significantly improve the oxidative state of human red blood cells. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Effects of Silicon vs. Hydroxytyrosol-Enriched Restructured Pork on Liver Oxidation Status of Aged Rats Fed High-Saturated/High-Cholesterol Diets. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147469. [PMID: 26807847 PMCID: PMC4726576 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pork is an essential component of the diet that has been linked with major degenerative diseases and development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Previous studies have. Previous studies have demonstrated the in vitro antioxidant activity of silicon (Si). Furthermore, when Si is added to restructured pork (RP) strongly counterbalances the negative effect of high-cholesterol-ingestion, acting as an active hypocholesterolemic and hypolipemic dietary ingredient in aged rats. Objective This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Si vs hydroxytyrosol (HxT) RP on liver antioxidant defense in aged rats fed cholesterol-enriched high saturated/high cholesterol diets as a NASH model. Methods Four diets were prepared: Control RP diet (C) with non-added cholesterol; Cholesterol-enriched high-saturated/high-cholesterol control RP diet (CHOL-C) with added cholesterol and cholic acid; Si- or HxT-RP cholesterol-enriched high-saturated/high-cholesterol diets (CHOL-Si and CHOL-HxT). Groups of six male Wistar rats (1-yr old) were fed these modified diets for eight weeks. Total cholesterol, hepatosomatic index, liver Nrf2 and antioxidant (CAT, SOD, GSH, GSSG, GR, GPx) markers were determined. Results Both CHOL-Si and CHOL-HxT diets enhanced the liver antioxidant status, reduced hepatosomatic index and increased SOD actvity. Hydrogen peroxide removal seemed to be involved, explaining that the value of redox index was even lower than C without changing the CAT activity. CHOL-Si results were quite better than CHOL-HxT in most measured parameters. Conclusions Our study suggests that Si incorporated into RP matrix was able to counterbalance, more efficiently than HxT, the deleterious effect of consuming a high-saturated/high-cholesterol diet, by improving the liver antioxidant defenses in the context of NASH.
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Temraz S, Alameddine R, Shamseddine A. Angioprevention in Colon Cancer from Bench to Bedside. CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-015-0300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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The protective role of olive oil hydroxytyrosol against oxidative alterations induced by mercury in human erythrocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 82:59-63. [PMID: 25957742 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a phenolic antioxidant naturally occurring in virgin olive oil. In this study, we investigated the possible protective effects of HT on the oxidative and morphological alterations induced by mercury (Hg) in intact human erythrocytes. These cells preferentially accumulate this toxic heavy metal. More importantly, Hg-induced echinocyte formation correlates with increased coagulability of these cells. Our results indicate that HT treatment (10-50 µM) prevents the increase in hemolysis and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation induced by exposure of cells to micromolar HgCl2 concentrations as well as the decrease in GSH intracellular levels. Moreover, as indicated by scanning electron microscopy, the morphological alterations are also significantly reduced by HT co-treatment. Taken together our data provide the first experimental evidence that HT has the potential to counteract mercury toxicity. The reported effect may be regarded as an additional mechanism underlying the beneficial cardio-protective effects of this dietary antioxidant, also endowed with significant anti-atherogenic and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Sánchez de Medina V, Priego-Capote F, de Castro MDL. Characterization of monovarietal virgin olive oils by phenols profiling. Talanta 2014; 132:424-32. [PMID: 25476327 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The phenolic profiles of seven monovarietal virgin olive oils (VOOs) - viz. Arbequina, Arbosana, Cornicabra, FS-17, Hojiblanca, Picual and Sikitita - were characterized by using a quantitative strategy based on LC-MS/MS and the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. Data dependent methods, based on precursor ion scanning, product ion scanning and neutral loss scanning, were developed for confirmatory analysis of secoiridoid derivatives. The observed phenolic profiles were used to find correlation between pairs of phenols and similarity trends among the monovarietal VOOs. A Pearson analysis revealed several correlations among phenols with p-value<0.01 and correlation coefficient (R)>0.75 in the seven monovarietal VOOs. Cluster analysis showed two main clusters between VOOs, formed by Arbequina/Hojiblanca/Cornicabra/Picual and Sikitita/Arbosana/FS-17. High correlations (R>0.7) were observed for the following pairs of VOOs: Arbequina/Hojiblanca (R=0.77), essentially supported on levels of hydroxytyrosol acetate (3,4-DHPEA-AC) and dialdehydic forms of secoiridoids; Cornicabra/FS-17 (R=0.81) and Picual/FS-17 (R=0.79), by correlation of flavonoids and secoiridoid derivatives in general. The highest correlation was observed for the pair Picual/Cornicabra (R=0.99). This preliminary study allowed setting similarities and dissimilarities between monovarietal VOOs by analysis of the phenolic profile. The observed connections between phenols for different varieties have been tentatively interpreted according to the main pathways for phenols biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Sánchez de Medina
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; University of Córdoba, Agroalimentary Excellence Campus, ceiA3, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; University of Córdoba, Agroalimentary Excellence Campus, ceiA3, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Luque de Castro
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Annex C-3, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; University of Córdoba, Agroalimentary Excellence Campus, ceiA3, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research Maimónides (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía Hospital, University of Córdoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Anter J, Tasset I, Demyda-Peyrás S, Ranchal I, Moreno-Millán M, Romero-Jimenez M, Muntané J, Luque de Castro MD, Muñoz-Serrano A, Alonso-Moraga Á. Evaluation of potential antigenotoxic, cytotoxic and proapoptotic effects of the olive oil by-product “alperujo”, hydroxytyrosol, tyrosol and verbascoside. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2014; 772:25-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Liao W, Ning Z, Chen L, Wei Q, Yuan E, Yang J, Ren J. Intracellular antioxidant detoxifying effects of diosmetin on 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative stress through inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:8648-54. [PMID: 25075433 DOI: 10.1021/jf502359x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular antioxidant activities of diosmetin were evaluated by cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assay, 2,2-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced erythrocyte hemolysis assay and cupric chloride (CuCl2)-induced plasma oxidation assay. The results showed that diosmetin exhibits strong cellular antioxidant activity (EC50 = 7.98 μmol, CAA value = 58 μmol QE/100 μmol). It was also found that diosmetin treatment could effectively attenuate AAPH-induced erythrocyte hemolysis (91.0% inhibition at 100 μg/mL) and CuCl2-induced plasma oxidation through inhibition of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Diosmetin could significantly restore AAPH-induced increase of intracelluar antioxidant enzyme (SOD, GPx, and CAT) activities to normal levels, as well as inhibit intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. Thus, the intracellular antioxidant detoxifying mechanism of diosmetin is associated with both nonenzymatic and enzymatic defense systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Liao
- College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510640, China
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Xu X, He J, Liu G, Diao X, Cao Y, Ye Q, Xu G, Mao W. Hemolysis assessment and antioxidant activity evaluation modified in an oxidized erythrocyte model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:2056-2061. [PMID: 24559119 DOI: 10.1021/jf4049935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced hemolysis is a commonly used model for antioxidant activity evaluation, and the hemolysis index is often presented as the absorbance of supernatant hemoglobin (Hb), which releases from injured cells. However, in previous studies, as an oxidation-sensitive protein, it has been recognized that Hb easily forms other types or substances, such as metHb, Heinz, and some fluorescent products. This study concerns whether Hb oxidation participated in H₂O₂-induced hemolysis and confirmed that the destruction of Hb under oxidizing condition had been a novel interfering factor that could reduce the absorbance in Hb quantitative detection. To correct the lower absorbance, the stable fluorescent products found in Hb degradation were selected, and the absorbance correction factor of 6.436 was drawn on the basis of the absorbance and fluorescent intensity. This correction factor obviously altered the results of both dose-dependent hemolysis of H₂O₂ and antioxidant activity. In addition, the assessment difference was innovatively discussed by altering the sequences of adding antioxidant and oxidant. These different sequences caused variations in hemolysis, indicating that multiple evaluations may be related to the antioxidant pathways which are necessary for more accurate bioactivity data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou University , 196 Huayang Western Road, Yangzhou 225127, China
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Paiva-Martins F, Silva A, Almeida V, Carvalheira M, Serra C, Rodrígues-Borges JE, Fernandes J, Belo L, Santos-Silva A. Protective activity of hydroxytyrosol metabolites on erythrocyte oxidative-induced hemolysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:6636-6642. [PMID: 23777263 DOI: 10.1021/jf4016202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The capacity of important hydroxytyrosol metabolites (homovanillyl alcohol, hydroxytyrosol acetate, homovanillyl alcohol acetate, hydroxytyrosol 3' and 4'-O-glucuronides, and homovanillyl alcohol 4'-O-glucuronide) to protect red blood cells (RBCs) from oxidative injury induced by the radical initiator 2,2'-azo-bis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) or by the natural radical initiator H2O2 was evaluated. In the presence of AAPH, all compounds showed to protect RBCs from hemolysis in a dose-dependent manner, exccept for the homovanillyl alcohol glucuronide, with the order of activity being at 20 μM hydroxytyrosol > hydroxytyrosol glucuronides = hydroxytyrosol acetate = homovanillyl alcohol = homovanillyl acetate > homovanillyl alcohol glucuronide. At 10 μM, hydroxytyrosol, hydroxytyrosol acetate, and hydroxytyrosol glucuronides still protected hemoglobine from oxidation and from morphological RBC changes. In the presence of H2O2, hydroxytyrosol showed to significantly protect RBCs from oxidative hemolysis in a dose-dependent manner, but the hydroxytyrosol glucuronides showed only a limited protection that was independent of the concentration used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Paiva-Martins
- Centro de Investigação em Química and Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Peralbo-Molina Á, Luque de Castro MD. Potential of residues from the Mediterranean agriculture and agrifood industry. Trends Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Anti-apoptotic activity of hydroxytyrosol and hydroxytyrosyl laurate. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 55:248-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles for percutaneous co-delivery of hydrocortisone/hydroxytyrosol: An ex vivo and in vivo study using an NC/Nga mouse model. Int J Pharm 2013; 444:109-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Casaburi I, Puoci F, Chimento A, Sirianni R, Ruggiero C, Avena P, Pezzi V. Potential of olive oil phenols as chemopreventive and therapeutic agents against cancer: A review of in vitro studies. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Casaburi
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Calabria; Italy
| | - Francesco Puoci
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Calabria; Italy
| | - Adele Chimento
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Calabria; Italy
| | - Rosa Sirianni
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Calabria; Italy
| | - Carmen Ruggiero
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Calabria; Italy
| | - Paola Avena
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Calabria; Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pezzi
- Department of Pharmaco-Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Calabria; Italy
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Fadda C, Del Caro A, Sanguinetti A, Urgeghe P, Vacca V, Arca P, Piga A. Changes during storage of quality parameters and in vitro antioxidant activity of extra virgin monovarietal oils obtained with two extraction technologies. Food Chem 2012; 134:1542-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ghanbari R, Anwar F, Alkharfy KM, Gilani AH, Saari N. Valuable nutrients and functional bioactives in different parts of olive (Olea europaea L.)-a review. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3291-3340. [PMID: 22489153 PMCID: PMC3317714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Olive tree (Olea europaea L.), a native of the Mediterranean basin and parts of Asia, is now widely cultivated in many other parts of the world for production of olive oil and table olives. Olive is a rich source of valuable nutrients and bioactives of medicinal and therapeutic interest. Olive fruit contains appreciable concentration, 1-3% of fresh pulp weight, of hydrophilic (phenolic acids, phenolic alchohols, flavonoids and secoiridoids) and lipophilic (cresols) phenolic compounds that are known to possess multiple biological activities such as antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antidyslipidemic, cardiotonic, laxative, and antiplatelet. Other important compounds present in olive fruit are pectin, organic acids, and pigments. Virgin olive oil (VOO), extracted mechanically from the fruit, is also very popular for its nutritive and health-promoting potential, especially against cardiovascular disorders due to the presence of high levels of monounsaturates and other valuable minor components such as phenolics, phytosterols, tocopherols, carotenoids, chlorophyll and squalene. The cultivar, area of production, harvest time, and the processing techniques employed are some of the factors shown to influence the composition of olive fruit and olive oil. This review focuses comprehensively on the nutrients and high-value bioactives profile as well as medicinal and functional aspects of different parts of olives and its byproducts. Various factors affecting the composition of this food commodity of medicinal value are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahele Ghanbari
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mail:
| | - Farooq Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha-40100, Pakistan
| | - Khalid M. Alkharfy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Anwarul-Hassan Gilani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
- Natural Products Research Division, Department of Biologicaland Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi 74800, Pakistan; E-Mail:
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mail:
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40
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Misdaq MA, Touti R. Annual committed effective dose from olive oil (due to 238U, 232Th, and 222Rn) estimated for members of the Moroccan public from ingestion and skin application. HEALTH PHYSICS 2012; 102:335-345. [PMID: 22420022 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e318237e597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Olive oil is traditionally refined and widely consumed by Moroccan rural populations. Uranium (238U), thorium (232Th), radon (222Rn), and thoron (220Rn) contents were measured in various locally produced olive oil samples collected in rural areas of Morocco. These radionuclides were also measured inside various bottled virgin olive oils consumed by the Moroccan populations. CR-39 and LR-115 type II solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs) were used. Annual committed effective doses due to 238U, 232Th, and 222Rn from the ingestion of olive oil by the members of the general public were determined. The maximum total committed effective dose due to 238U, 232Th, and 222Rn from the ingestion of olive oil by adult members of Moroccan rural populations was found equal to 5.9 µSv y-1. The influence of pollution due to building material dusts and phosphates on the radiation dose to workers from the ingestion of olive oil was investigated, and it was found that the maximum total committed effective dose due to 238U, 232Th, and 222Rn was on the order of 0.22 mSy y-1. Committed effective doses to skin due to 238U, 232Th, and 222Rn from the application of olive oil masks by rural women were evaluated. The maximum total committed effective dose to skin due to 238U, 232Th, and 222Rn was found equal to 0.07 mSy y-1 cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Misdaq
- Nuclear Physics and Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco.
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41
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Bayram B, Ozcelik B, Grimm S, Roeder T, Schrader C, Ernst IMA, Wagner AE, Grune T, Frank J, Rimbach G. A diet rich in olive oil phenolics reduces oxidative stress in the heart of SAMP8 mice by induction of Nrf2-dependent gene expression. Rejuvenation Res 2012; 15:71-81. [PMID: 22236145 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2011.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A Mediterranean diet rich in olive oil has been associated with health benefits in humans. It is unclear if and to what extent olive oil phenolics may mediate these health benefits. In this study, we fed senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8, n=11 per group) semisynthetic diets with 10% olive oil containing either high (HP) or low amounts of olive oil phenolics (LP) for 4.5 months. Mice consuming the HP diet had significantly lower concentrations of the oxidative damage markers thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and protein carbonyls in the heart, whereas proteasomal activity was similar in both groups. Nrf2-dependent gene expression may be impaired during the aging process. Therefore, we measured Nrf2 and its target genes glutathione-S-transferase (GST), γ-glutamyl cysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NAD(P)H]:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), and paraoxonase-2 (PON2) in the hearts of these mice. Nrf2 as well as GST, γ-GCS, NQO1, and PON2 mRNA levels were significantly higher in heart tissue of the HP as compared to the LP group. The HP-fed mice had significantly higher PON1 activity in serum compared to those receiving the LP diet. Furthermore, HP feeding increased relative SIRT1 mRNA levels. Additional mechanistic cell culture experiments were performed, and they suggest that the olive oil phenolic hydroxytyrosol present in the HP oil may be responsible for the induction of Nrf2-dependent gene expression and the increase in PON activity. In conclusion, a diet rich in olive oil phenolics may prevent oxidative stress in the heart of SAMP8 mice by modulating Nrf2-dependent gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Bayram
- Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
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42
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Boumerfeg S, Baghiani A, Djarmouni M, Ameni D, Adjadj M, Belkhiri F, Charef N, Khennouf S, Arrar L. Inhibitory Activity on Xanthine Oxidase and Antioxidant Properties of <i>Teucrium polium</i>. Chin Med 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2012.31006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Abstract
A Mediterranean diet appears to have health benefits in many domains of human health, mediated perhaps by its anti-inflammatory effects. Metabolism of fatty acids and subsequent eicosanoid production is a key mechanism by which a Mediterranean diet can exert anti-inflammatory effects. Both dietary fatty acids and fatty acid metabolism determine fatty acid availability for cyclooxygenase- and lipoxygenase-dependent production of eicosanoids, namely prostaglandins and leukotrienes. In dietary intervention studies and in observational studies of the Mediterranean diet, blood levels of fatty acids do reflect dietary intakes but are attenuated. Small differences in fatty acid levels, however, appear to be important, especially when exposures occur over long periods of time. This review summarizes how fat intakes from a Greek-style Mediterranean diet can be expected to affect fatty acid metabolizing proteins, with an emphasis on the metabolic pathways that lead to the formation of proinflammatory eicosanoids. The proteins involved in these pathways are ripe for investigation using proteomic approaches and may be targets for colon cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zora Djuric
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5930, USA.
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44
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Analytical determination of hydroxytyrosol in olive extract samples by micellar liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2011; 129:614-618. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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45
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Söhretoğlu D, Sabuncuoğlu S, Harput UŞ. Evaluation of antioxidative, protective effect against H2O2 induced cytotoxicity, and cytotoxic activities of three different Quercus species. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 50:141-6. [PMID: 22067294 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Quercus species are used as antidiarrheic, for the treatment of hemorrhoid, oral and anal mucosa inflammation. These tree species have been of interest to researchers because of their usage in folk medicine, consumption as food, beverage and especially usage of oak woods for construction in wine barrels. The DPPH, SO and NO radical scavenging activities, protective effect against H2O2 induced cytotoxicity as well as their cytotoxic activity against Hep-2 human larynx epidermoid carcinoma cell line of the MeOH and water extracts of the barks of Quercus cerris var. cerris, Quercusmacranthera subsp. syspirensis and Quercus aucheri were investigated for the first time. Total phenolic content of the extracts was also evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Results demonstrated that the extracts showed strong radical scavenging activity comparable to those of standard compounds. Extracts also showed good protective effect against H2O2 induced cytotoxicity on human erythrocytes comparing to ascorbic acid. On the other hand, while each extract showed dose dependent cytotoxic activity, MeOH extract of Q.macranthera subsp. syspirensis showed the strongest cytotoxicity against the tested cell line. Taken together, the results showed that Quercus species may be a promising alternative to synthetic substances as natural compound with high antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Söhretoğlu
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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46
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Ilavarasi K, Kiruthiga PV, Pandian SK, Devi KP. Hydroxytyrosol, the phenolic compound of olive oil protects human PBMC against oxidative stress and DNA damage mediated by 2,3,7,8-TCDD. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:888-893. [PMID: 21741071 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect of hydroxytyrosol (HT), a strong antioxidant compound from extra virgin olive oil, against TCDD induced toxicity was investigated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PBMC (1 × 10(6)cellsmL(-1)) were divided into four groups and were incubated in a CO(2) incubator (5% CO(2)) for 12h with vehicle, TCDD (10 nM), TCDD+HT (10 nM+100 μM) and HT alone (100 μM) respectively. To clarify the role of HT against TCDD induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and the levels of antioxidant enzymes were assessed. Incubation of PBMC with TCDD significantly decreased cell viability, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and oxidative stress markers such as lipid peroxidation products (LPO), protein carbonyl content (PCC) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Whereas, HT had an effective antioxidant property as observed by the increased cell viability, normalization of antioxidant enzymes and decreased levels of LPO, PCC and ROS in PBMC co-treated with HT and TCDD. Apoptosis detection and comet assay results shows that HT, by acting as an antioxidant, prevents the damage to DNA induced by TCDD. In addition light microscopic and histopathological observations revealed that the cells are apoptotic and degenerated during TCDD treatment, whereas cells showed intact morphology during co-treatment with HT. On the whole, the results reveal that HT exerts a promising antioxidant potential in protecting the PBMC against TCDD induced oxidative stress, which might be due to the presence of catechol moiety in its structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalaiselvan Ilavarasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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47
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Rouissi K, Hamrita B, Kouidi S, Messai Y, Jaouadi B, Hamden K, Medimegh I, Ouerhani S, Cherif M, Elgaaied AB. In Vivo Prevention of Bladder Urotoxicity. Int J Toxicol 2011; 30:419-27. [DOI: 10.1177/1091581811410444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Urotoxicity is a troublesome complication associated with cyclophosphamide (CP) and L-buthionine-SR-sulfoximine (BSO) treatment in chemotherapy. With this concern in mind, the present study investigated the potential effects of a hydroxytyrosol extract from olive mill waste (OMW) on urotoxicity induced by acute CP and BSO doses using a Swiss albino mouse model. Toxicity modulation was evaluated by measuring lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidants in urinary bladder. The findings revealed that the hydroxytyrosol extract exerted a protective effect not only on LPO but also on enzymatic antioxidants. When compared to the controls, the CP-treated animals underwent significant decreases in the glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GP), and catalase (CAT) activities. The level of glutathione (GSH) was also reduced with increased doses of LPO in the CP-treated animals. L-Buthionine-SR-sulfoximine treatment exerted an additive toxic effect on the CP-treated animals. Interestingly, pretreatment with the hydroxytyrosol extract restored the activities of all enzymes back to normal levels and exhibited an overall protective effect on the CP- and BSO-induced toxicities in urinary bladder. The restoration of GSH through the treatment with the hydroxytyrosol extract can play an important role in reversing CP-induced apoptosis and free radical-mediated LPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Rouissi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of El-Manar I, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Bechr Hamrita
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of El-Manar I, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Kouidi
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of El-Manar I, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Messai
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of El-Manar I, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Jaouadi
- Laboratory of Microorganisms and Biomolecules, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khaled Hamden
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Science of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Medimegh
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of El-Manar I, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Slah Ouerhani
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Hematology, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Cherif
- Department of Urology, Charles Nicole Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel Benammar Elgaaied
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of El-Manar I, Tunis, Tunisia
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48
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Liu Z, Sun L, Zhu L, Jia X, Li X, Jia H, Wang Y, Weber P, Long J, Liu J. Hydroxytyrosol protects retinal pigment epithelial cells from acrolein-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. J Neurochem 2011; 103:2690-700. [PMID: 20938484 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04954.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxytyrosol (HTS) is a natural polyphenol abundant in olive oil. Increasing evidence indicates HTS has beneficial effect on human health for preventing various diseases. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of HTS on acrolein-induced toxicity in human retinal pigment epithelial cell line, ARPE-19, a cellular model of smoking- and age-related macular degeneration. Acrolein, a major component of the gas phase cigarette smoke and also a product of lipid peroxidation in vivo, at 75 μmol/L for 24 h caused significant loss of cell viability, oxidative damage (increase in oxidant generation and oxidative damage to proteins and DNA, decrease in antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes, and also inactivation of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway), and mitochondrial dysfunction (decrease in membrane potential, activities of mitochondrial complexes, viable mitochondria, oxygen consumption, and factors for mitochondrial biogenesis, and increase in calcium). Pre-treatment with HTS dose dependently and also time dependently protected the ARPE-19 cells from acrolein-induced oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. A short-term pre-treatment with HTS (48 h) required > 75 μmol/L for showing protection while a long-term pre-treatment (7 days) showed protective effect from 5 μmol/L on. The protective effect of HTS in this model was as potent as that of established mitochondria-targeting antioxidant nutrients. These results suggest that HTS is also a mitochondrial-targeting antioxidant nutrient and that dietary administration of HTS may be an effective measure in reducing and or preventing cigarette smoke-induced or age-related retinal pigment epithelial degeneration, such as age-associated macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbo Liu
- Institute for Nutritional Science, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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49
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Monti MC, Margarucci L, Tosco A, Riccio R, Casapullo A. New insights on the interaction mechanism between tau protein and oleocanthal, an extra-virgin olive-oil bioactive component. Food Funct 2011; 2:423-8. [PMID: 21894330 DOI: 10.1039/c1fo10064e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oleocanthal (OLC) is a phenolic component of extra-virgin olive oil, recently supposed to be involved in the modulation of some human diseases, such as inflammation and Alzheimer. In particular, OLC has been shown to abrogate fibrillization of tau protein, one of the main causes of Alzheimer neurodegeneration. A recent interpretation of this mechanism has been attempted on the basis of OLC reactivity with the fibrillogenic tau hexapeptide VQIVYK and SDS-PAGE of OLC/tau incubation mixtures, suggesting that covalent modification events modulate tau fibrillization. In this paper we report a detailed mass spectrometric investigation of the OLC reactive profile with both tau protein fibrillogenic fragment K18 and propylamine in biomimetic conditions. We show that K18 is prone to be covalently modified by OLC through Schiff base formation between the ε-amino group of lysine residues and OLC aldehyde carbonyls. Moreover, as expected from its de-structured conformation, K18 shows a non-selective modification profile, reacting with several lysine residues to give cyclic pyridinium-like stable adducts. These data give new insights on the mechanism of inhibition of tau fibrillization mediated by OLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Monti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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50
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Nakbi A, Dabbou S, Champion S, Fouchier F, Mehri S, Attia N, Leger C, Hammami M. Modulation of the superoxide anion production and MMP-9 expression in PMA stimulated THP-1 cells by olive oil minor components: Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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