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Karasu T, Özgür E, Uzun L. MIP-on-a-chip: Artificial receptors on microfluidic platforms for biomedical applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 226:115257. [PMID: 36669397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) as an alternative biosensing approach concerning cost efficiency, parallelization, ergonomics, diagnostic speed, and sensitivity integrates the techniques of various laboratory operations such as biochemical analysis, chemical synthesis, or DNA sequencing, etc. on miniaturized microfluidic single chips. Meanwhile, LOC tools based on molecularly imprinted biosensing approach permit their applications in various fields such as medical diagnostics, pharmaceuticals, etc., which are user-, and eco-friendly sensing platforms for not only alternative to the commercial competitor but also on-site detection like point-of-care measurements. In this review, we focused our attention on compiling recent pioneer studies that utilized those intriguing methodologies, the microfluidic Lab-on-a-chip and molecularly imprinting approach, and their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunca Karasu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Erdoğan Özgür
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Lokman Uzun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye.
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2
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Ramasamy P, Dakshinamoorthy G, Jayashree S, Prabhu D, Rajamanikandan S, Velusamy P, Dayanithi G, Hanna REB. A Novel Prototype Biosensor Array Electrode System for Detecting the Bacterial Pathogen Salmonella typhimurium. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:389. [PMID: 35735537 PMCID: PMC9221460 DOI: 10.3390/bios12060389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella sp. has long been reported all over the world. Despite the availability of various diagnostic methods, easy and effective detection systems are still required. This report describes a dialysis membrane electrode interface disc with immobilized specific antibodies to capture antigenic Salmonella cells. The interaction of a specific Salmonella antigen with a mouse anti-Salmonella monoclonal antibody complexed to rabbit anti-mouse secondary antibody conjugated with HRP and the substrate o-aminophenol resulted in a response signal output current measured using two electrode systems (cadmium reference electrode and glassy carbon working electrode) and an agilent HP34401A 6.5 digital multimeter without a potentiostat or applied potential input. A maximum response signal output current was recorded for various concentrations of Salmonella viz., 3, 30, 300, 3000, 30,000 and 300,000 cells. The biosensor has a detection limit of three cells, which is very sensitive when compared with other detection sensors. Little non-specific response was observed using Streptococcus, Vibrio, and Pseudomonas sp. The maximum response signal output current for a dialysis membrane electrode interface disc was greater than that for gelatin, collagen, and agarose. The device and technique have a range of biological applications. This novel detection system has great potential for future development and application in surveillance for microbial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palaniappan Ramasamy
- Research and Development Wing, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital (SBMCH), Chromepet, Chennai 600044, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gajalakshmi Dakshinamoorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
- MRD Tech Development, 505 Penobcot Dr., Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
| | - Shanmugam Jayashree
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College, Chennai 600086, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhamodharan Prabhu
- Research and Development Wing, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital (SBMCH), Chromepet, Chennai 600044, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundararaj Rajamanikandan
- Research and Development Wing, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital (SBMCH), Chromepet, Chennai 600044, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Palaniyandi Velusamy
- Research and Development Wing, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital (SBMCH), Chromepet, Chennai 600044, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Govindan Dayanithi
- Research and Development Wing, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital (SBMCH), Chromepet, Chennai 600044, Tamil Nadu, India
- Molecular Mechanisms in Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory (MMDN), University of Montpellier, L'École Pratique des Hautes Etudes-Sorbonne, INSERM, UMR-S1198, CEDEX 5, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Robert E B Hanna
- School of Biology and Biochemistry, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
- Veterinary Science Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast BT4 3SD, UK
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3
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Nasseri B, Soleimani N, Rabiee N, Kalbasi A, Karimi M, Hamblin MR. Point-of-care microfluidic devices for pathogen detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:112-128. [PMID: 29890393 PMCID: PMC6082696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The rapid diagnosis of pathogens is crucial in the early stages of treatment of diseases where the choice of the correct drug can be critical. Although conventional cell culture-based techniques have been widely utilized in clinical applications, newly introduced optical-based, microfluidic chips are becoming attractive. The advantages of the novel methods compared to the conventional techniques comprise more rapid diagnosis, lower consumption of patient sample and valuable reagents, easy application, and high reproducibility in the detection of pathogens. The miniaturized channels used in microfluidic systems simulate interactions between cells and reagents in microchannel structures, and evaluate the interactions between biological moieties to enable diagnosis of microorganisms. The overarching goal of this review is to provide a summary of the development of microfluidic biochips and to comprehensively discuss different applications of microfluidic biochips in the detection of pathogens. New types of microfluidic systems and novel techniques for viral pathogen detection (e.g. HIV, HVB, ZIKV) are covered. Next generation techniques relying on high sensitivity, specificity, lower consumption of precious reagents, suggest that rapid generation of results can be achieved via optical based detection of bacterial cells. The introduction of smartphones to replace microscope based observation has substantially improved cell detection, and allows facile data processing and transfer for presentation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Nasseri
- Departments of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology and Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; Chemical Engineering Deptartment and Bioengineeing Division, Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Neda Soleimani
- Departments of Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology and Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mahdi Karimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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4
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Powers LS, Smith HD, Kilungo AP, Ellis WR, McKay CP, Bonaccorsi R, Roveda JW. In situ real-time quantification of microbial communities: Applications to cold and dry volcanic habitats. Glob Ecol Conserv 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Maltais TR, Adak AK, Younis W, Seleem MN, Wei A. Label-Free Detection and Discrimination of Bacterial Pathogens Based on Hemin Recognition. Bioconjug Chem 2016; 27:1713-22. [PMID: 27337653 PMCID: PMC5310932 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hemin linked to hexa(ethylene glycol)bishydrazide was patterned by inkjet printing into periodic microarrays, and evaluated for their ability to capture bacterial pathogens expressing various hemin receptors. Bacterial adhesion was imaged under darkfield conditions with Fourier analysis, supporting a label-free method of pathogen detection. Hemin microarrays were screened against a panel of 16 bacteria and found capable of capturing multiple species, some with limits of detection as low as 10(3) cfu/mL. Several Gram-positive strains including Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus anthracis also exhibited rapid adhesion, enabling pattern recognition within minutes of exposure. This can be attributed to differences in hemin acquisition systems: aggressively adherent bacteria express cell-surface hemin receptors (CSHRs) that enable direct hemin binding and uptake, whereas other types of bacteria including most Gram-negative strains rely on the secretion and recapture of soluble proteins (hemophores) for hemin acquisition, with consequently longer times for ligand binding and detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thora R Maltais
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Comparative Pathology and Biochemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Comparative Pathology and Biochemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Waleed Younis
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Comparative Pathology and Biochemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Mohamed N Seleem
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Comparative Pathology and Biochemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Alexander Wei
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Comparative Pathology and Biochemistry, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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6
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Pahlow S, Stöckel S, Pollok S, Cialla-May D, Rösch P, Weber K, Popp J. Rapid Identification of Pseudomonas spp. via Raman Spectroscopy Using Pyoverdine as Capture Probe. Anal Chem 2016; 88:1570-7. [PMID: 26705822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pyoverdine is a substance which is excreted by fluorescent pseudomonads in order to scavenge iron from their environment. Due to specific receptors of the bacterial cell wall, the iron loaded pyoverdine molecules are recognized and transported into the cell. This process can be exploited for developing efficient isolation and enrichment strategies for members of the Pseudomonas genus, which are capable of colonizing various environments and also include human pathogens like P. aeruginosa and the less virulent P. fluorescens. A significant advantage over antibody based systems is the fact that siderophores like pyoverdine can be considered as "immutable ligands," since the probability for mutations within the siderophore uptake systems of bacteria is very low. While each species of Pseudomonas usually produces structurally unique pyoverdines, which can be utilized only by the producer strain, cross reactivity does occur. In order to achieve a reliable identification of the captured pathogens, further investigations of the isolated cells are necessary. In this proof of concept study, we combine the advantages of an isolation strategy relying on "immutable ligands" with the high specificity and speed of Raman microspectroscopy. In order to isolate the bacterial cells, pyoverdine was immobilized covalently on planar aluminum chip substrates. After capturing, single cell Raman spectra of the isolated species were acquired. Due to the specific spectroscopic fingerprint of each species, the bacteria can be identified. This approach allows a very rapid detection of potential pathogens, since time-consuming culturing steps are unnecessary. We could prove that pyoverdine based isolation of bacteria is fully Raman compatible and further investigated the capability of this approach by isolating and identifying P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens from tap water samples, which are both opportunistic pathogens and can pose a threat for immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Pahlow
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena , Center for Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Stephan Stöckel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena , Center for Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Sibyll Pollok
- Ernst-Abbe-Hochschule , Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Dana Cialla-May
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena , Center for Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, 07743, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Petra Rösch
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena , Center for Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Karina Weber
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena , Center for Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, 07743, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena , Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,InfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena , Center for Applied Research, Philosophenweg 7, Jena, 07743, Germany.,Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology , Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
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7
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Awad F, Ramprasath C, Mathivanan N, Aruna PR, Ganesan S. Optical Fiber-Based Steady State and Fluorescence Lifetime Spectroscopy for Rapid Identification and Classification of Bacterial Pathogens Directly from Colonies on Agar Plates. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:430412. [PMID: 27379265 PMCID: PMC4897486 DOI: 10.1155/2014/430412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy was examined as a potential technique for identification and classification of bacterial pathogens. Colonies of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Klebsiella pneumoniae on agar plates were measured directly using a laboratory spectrofluorimeter coupled with optical fiber. Steady state fluorescence spectra were collected following excitation at 280 nm (tryptophan) and 380 nm (NADH). Results showed that fluorescence lifetime decays of tryptophan at 280 nm excitation from the four organisms were best described with triexponential fit and it reveals the existence of different protein conformation. The emission spectroscopy of the four bacteria at 380 nm excitation (NADH) provided better classification (100% of original grouped cases correctly classified and 98.1% of cross-validated grouped cases correctly classified) than that of 280 nm excitation (tryptophan). Our results demonstrated that optical fiber-based fluorescence identification and classification of bacteria is rapid, easy to perform, and of low cost compared to standard methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathi Awad
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India; Department of Medical Physics, Red Sea University, P.O. Box 24, Port Sudan, Sudan
| | | | | | - Prakasa Rao Aruna
- Department of Medical Physics, Anna University, Chennai 600025, India
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8
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Ngundi MM, Kulagina NV, Anderson GP, Taitt CR. Nonantibody-based recognition: alternative molecules for detection of pathogens. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 3:511-24. [PMID: 17078765 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.3.5.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Immunoassays have been well established for many years as the cornerstone of detection technologies. These assays are sensitive, selective and, in general, highly resistant to interference from complex sample matrices when compared with nucleic acid-based tests. However, both antibody- and nucleic acid-based detection systems require a priori knowledge of the target and development of specific reagents; multiplexed assays can become increasingly problematic when attempting to detect a plethora of different targets, the identities of which are unknown. In an effort to circumvent many of the limitations inherent in these conventional assays, other recognition reagents are being explored as alternatives, or indeed as adjuncts, to antibodies for pathogen and toxin detection. This article will review a number of different recognition systems ranging in complexity from small molecules, such as nucleic-acid aptamers, carbohydrates and peptides, to systems as highly complicated as whole cells and organisms. All of these alternative systems have tremendous potential to achieve superior sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, but are also subject to their own limitations, which are also discussed. In short, while in its infancy, this field holds great promise for the development of rapid, fieldable assays that are highly complementary to existing antibody- and nucleic acid-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam M Ngundi
- US Food and Drug Administration, N29 RM418 HFM-434 8800 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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9
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Walsh JD, Hyman JM, Borzhemskaya L, Bowen A, McKellar C, Ullery M, Mathias E, Ronsick C, Link J, Wilson M, Clay B, Robinson R, Thorpe T, van Belkum A, Dunne WM. Rapid intrinsic fluorescence method for direct identification of pathogens in blood cultures. mBio 2013; 4:e00865-13. [PMID: 24255123 PMCID: PMC3870241 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00865-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A positive blood culture is a critical result that requires prompt identification of the causative agent. This article describes a simple method to identify microorganisms from positive blood culture broth within the time taken to perform a Gram stain (<20 min). The method is based on intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy (IFS) of whole cells and required development of a selective lysis buffer, aqueous density cushion, optical microcentrifuge tube, and reference database. A total of 1,121 monomicrobial-positive broth samples from 751 strains were analyzed to build a database representing 37 of the most commonly encountered species in bloodstream infections or present as contaminants. A multistage algorithm correctly classified 99.6% of unknown samples to the Gram level, 99.3% to the family level, and 96.5% to the species level. There were no incorrect results given at the Gram or family classification levels, while 0.8% of results were discordant at the species level. In 8/9 incorrect species results, the misidentified isolate was assigned to a species of the same genus. This unique combination of selective lysis, density centrifugation, and IFS can rapidly identify the most common microbial species present in positive blood cultures. Faster identification of the etiologic agent may benefit the clinical management of sepsis. Further evaluation is now warranted to determine the performance of the method using clinical blood culture specimens. IMPORTANCE Physicians often require the identity of the infective agent in order to make life-saving adjustments to empirical therapy or to switch to less expensive and/or more targeted antimicrobials. However, standard identification procedures take up to 2 days after a blood culture is signaled positive, and even most rapid molecular techniques take several hours to provide a result. Other techniques are faster (e.g., matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight [MALDI-TOF] mass spectrometry) but require time-consuming manual processing steps and expensive equipment. There remains a clear need for a simple, inexpensive method to rapidly identify microorganisms directly from positive blood cultures. The promising new method described in this research article can identify microorganisms in minutes by optical spectroscopy, thus permitting the lab to simultaneously report the presence of a positive blood culture and the organism's identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D. Walsh
- Exploratory Microbiology Research Group, bioMérieux, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jay M. Hyman
- Exploratory Microbiology Research Group, bioMérieux, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | - Caroline McKellar
- Exploratory Microbiology Research Group, bioMérieux, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael Ullery
- Biomaths Microbiology, bioMérieux, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Erin Mathias
- Biomaths Microbiology, bioMérieux, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Christopher Ronsick
- R&D Innovation and Systems, Concepts and Feasibility Department, bioMérieux, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - John Link
- R&D Innovation and Systems, Concepts and Feasibility Department, bioMérieux, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark Wilson
- R&D Innovation and Systems, Concepts and Feasibility Department, bioMérieux, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Bradford Clay
- R&D Innovation and Systems, Concepts and Feasibility Department, bioMérieux, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ron Robinson
- R&D Innovation and Systems, Concepts and Feasibility Department, bioMérieux, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Thurman Thorpe
- R&D Microbiology Department, bioMérieux, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alex van Belkum
- Global R &D Microbiology Department, bioMérieux, La Balme, France
| | - W. Michael Dunne
- R&D Microbiology Department, bioMérieux, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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10
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Adak AK, Boley JW, Lyvers DP, Chiu GT, Low PS, Reifenberger R, Wei A. Label-free detection of Staphylococcus aureus captured on immutable ligand arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:6404-6411. [PMID: 23773092 DOI: 10.1021/am4016236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The rapid capture and label-free detection of Staphylococcus aureus , an opportunistic bacterium that can infect upon contact, can be performed using periodic microarrays of ligand-protein conjugates created by noncontact (inkjet) printing, darkfield imaging conditions, and a FFT-based readout method. Ink solutes were prepared using bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugated to a glycan with high affinity for bacterial adhesins and printed as dot-matrix arrays with periodicities of 80-120 μm using a thermal injection method. Upon exposing the glycan-BSA microarrays to live strains of S. aureus , patterns emerge that can be detected under optical darkfield conditions. These patterns can be decoded by fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis to generate fault-tolerant readout signals that correspond to the capture of S. aureus, with a limit of detection between 10(2) and 10(3) cfu/mL. Inkjet printing provides independent control over array periodicity, enabling FFT signals to be assigned to specific frequencies in reciprocal k-space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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11
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Abstract
The challenge for first responders, physicians in the emergency room, public health personnel, as well as for food manufacturers, distributors and retailers is accurate and reliable identification of pathogenic agents and their corresponding diseases. This is the weakest point in biological agent detection capability today. There is intense research for new molecular detection technologies that could be used for very accurate detection of pathogens that would be a concern to first responders. These include the need for sensors for multiple applications as varied as understanding the ecology of pathogenic micro-organisms, forensics, environmental sampling for detect-to-treat applications, biological sensors for 'detect to warn' in infrastructure protection, responses to reports of 'suspicious powders', and customs and borders enforcement, to cite a few examples. The benefits of accurate detection include saving millions of dollars annually by reducing disruption of the workforce and the national economy and improving delivery of correct countermeasures to those who are most in need of the information to provide protective and/or response measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Jakupciak
- CosmosID, 5010 River Hill Road, Bethesda, MD 20816, USA, University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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12
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Inomata T, Eguchi H, Funahashi Y, Ozawa T, Masuda H. Adsorption behavior of microbes on a QCM chip modified with an artificial siderophore-Fe3+ complex. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:1611-1617. [PMID: 22182317 DOI: 10.1021/la203250n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Three hydroxamate-type artificial siderophores with terminal NH(2) groups, tris[2-{3-(N-acyl-N-hydroxamino)propylamido}propyl]aminomethane (1-3, acyl-R group = Me, Et, and Ph, respectively), and their Fe(3+) complexes, 4-6, were prepared. The stability constant (log β) of 4 was estimated to be about 31 by its EDTA titration. The biological activities of 4-6 for Microbacterium flavescens, which is a hydroxamate-type siderophore, auxotrophic gram-positive microbe, clearly indicated that they permeated the cell membrane depending on their terminal bulky acyl-R groups. These artificial siderophore complexes, 4-6, were modified on Au electrode surfaces with the terminal NH(2) group (4-6/Au). The surface modification of 4-6 was confirmed by several electrochemical measurements. The quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) chips were also modified with 4-6. Microbe adsorption measurements using these modified QCM chips for M. flavescens, Pseudomonas putida, and Eschrichia coli were performed. The QCM chips have the ability to adsorb microbes selectively as a result of the differences in the interactions between the structures of Fe(3+)-artificial siderophore complexes and their receptors or binding proteins within the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Inomata
- Department of Material Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.
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13
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Belal T, Romdhane K, Jean-Louis B, Tahar B, Eric D, Françoise L. Optical fiber-based synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy for bacterial discrimination directly from colonies on agar plates. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2011; 3:133-143. [PMID: 32938122 DOI: 10.1039/c0ay00135j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of experimental conditions for rapid bacterial discrimination using fluorescence spectroscopy fingerprinting is presented. Colonies of Pseudomonas and related reference strains on agar plates were analyzed directly using an optic fiber coupled to a laboratory spectrofluorimeter. Spectra were collected using either classic fluorescence spectroscopy after excitation at 250 nm and 340 nm for aromatic amino acids and nucleic acids (AAA + NA) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) respectively, or synchronous scanning in the excitation wavelength range 250-500 nm. Factorial discriminant analysis (FDA) showed 100% correct classification at the genus and species level from NADH spectra and 100% correct classification at the genus and species level for λ = 30, 70, 90 and 110 nm (cross-validation). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that culture time (48 or 72 h) colony and optic fiber positioning had non-significant impacts on differences between species. The use of optical fiber-fluorescence spectroscopy for bacterial discrimination directly on colonies is fast, simple and reliable. The results are independent of culture growth phase and neither need reagent addition nor prior manual preparation of cells, thus eliminating all risk of human error or contamination during sample work-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tourkya Belal
- UPRES 2008.03.0101 Typicité des Produits alimentaires, VetAgro Sup-Campus Agronomique de Clermont, BP 35, 63370, LEMPDES, France.
| | - Karoui Romdhane
- UPRES 2008.03.0101 Typicité des Produits alimentaires, VetAgro Sup-Campus Agronomique de Clermont, BP 35, 63370, LEMPDES, France.
| | - Berdagué Jean-Louis
- UR370 Qualité des Produits Animaux, Equipe Typicité Aromatique et Authentification, INRA Centre de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, F-63122, Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Boubellouta Tahar
- UPRES 2008.03.0101 Typicité des Produits alimentaires, VetAgro Sup-Campus Agronomique de Clermont, BP 35, 63370, LEMPDES, France.
| | - Dufour Eric
- UPRES 2008.03.0101 Typicité des Produits alimentaires, VetAgro Sup-Campus Agronomique de Clermont, BP 35, 63370, LEMPDES, France.
| | - Leriche Françoise
- UPRES 2008.03.0101 Typicité des Produits alimentaires, VetAgro Sup-Campus Agronomique de Clermont, BP 35, 63370, LEMPDES, France.
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14
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Doorneweerd DD, Henne WA, Reifenberger RG, Low PS. Selective capture and identification of pathogenic bacteria using an immobilized siderophore. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:15424-15429. [PMID: 20704340 DOI: 10.1021/la101962w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Rapid identification of infectious pathogens constitutes an important step toward limiting the spread of contagious diseases. Whereas antibody-based detection strategies are often selected because of their speed, mutation of the pathogen can render such tests obsolete. In an effort to develop a rapid yet mutation-proof method for pathogen identification, we have explored the use of "immutable ligands" to capture the desired microbe on a detection device. In this "proof-of-principle" study, we immobilize pyoverdine, a siderophore that Pseudomonas aeruginosa must bind to obtain iron, onto gold-plated glass chips and then examine the siderophore's ability to capture P. aeruginosa for its subsequent identification. We demonstrate that exposure of pyoverdine-coated chips to increasing dilutions of P. aeruginosa allows detection of the bacterium down to concentrations as low as 10(2)/mL. We further demonstrate that printing of the siderophore in a periodic pattern on the detection chip enables a sensitive method of detecting the bound pathogen by a Fourier transform analysis of light scattered by the patterned chip. Because unrelated bacteria are not captured on the pyoverdine chip, we conclude that pyoverdine can be exploited for the specific binding and identification of P. aeruginosa. It follows that the utilization of other microbe-specific "immutable ligands" may allow the specific identification of their cognate pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek D Doorneweerd
- Department of Chemistry, 560 Oval Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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15
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Johnson EM, Ellis WR, Powers LS, Wysocki VH. Affinity capture mass spectrometry of biomarker proteins using peptide ligands from biopanning. Anal Chem 2010; 81:5999-6005. [PMID: 19572565 DOI: 10.1021/ac900868q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Affinity capture mass spectrometry was used to isolate and ionize protein A from Staphylococcus aureus from both a commercial source and cell culture lysate using matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry. Two surfaces are compared: gold surfaces with immunoglobulin G covalently immobilized and silica surfaces with a covalently bound small peptide discovered via biopanning. A detection limit of 2.22 bacterial cells/mL of culture fluid was determined for the immobilized peptide surfaces. This study emphasizes the ability to use peptide ligands to effectively capture a biomarker protein out of a complex mixture. This demonstrates the potential to use biopanning to generate capture ligands for a large variety of target proteins and subsequently detect the captured protein using MALDI mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Johnson
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
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16
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Wark AW, Lee J, Kim S, Faisal SN, Lee HJ. Bioaffinity detection of pathogens on surfaces. J IND ENG CHEM 2010; 16:169-177. [PMID: 32288511 PMCID: PMC7129010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2010.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The demand for improved technologies capable of rapidly detecting pathogens with high sensitivity and selectivity in complex environments continues to be a significant challenge that helps drive the development of new analytical techniques. Surface-based detection platforms are particularly attractive as multiple bioaffinity interactions between different targets and corresponding probe molecules can be monitored simultaneously in a single measurement. Furthermore, the possibilities for developing new signal transduction mechanisms alongside novel signal amplification strategies are much more varied. In this article, we describe some of the latest advances in the use of surface bioaffinity detection of pathogens. Three major sections will be discussed: (i) a brief overview on the choice of probe molecules such as antibodies, proteins and aptamers specific to pathogens and surface attachment chemistries to immobilize those probes onto various substrates, (ii) highlighting examples among the current generation of surface biosensors, and (iii) exploring emerging technologies that are highly promising and likely to form the basis of the next generation of pathogenic sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair W. Wark
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology, WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Jaeyoung Lee
- Electrochemical Reaction and Technology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Shaikh Nayeem Faisal
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 1370 Sankyuk-dong, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
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17
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Mairhofer J, Roppert K, Ertl P. Microfluidic systems for pathogen sensing: a review. SENSORS 2009; 9:4804-23. [PMID: 22408555 PMCID: PMC3291940 DOI: 10.3390/s90604804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Rapid pathogen sensing remains a pressing issue today since conventional identification methodsare tedious, cost intensive and time consuming, typically requiring from 48 to 72 h. In turn, chip based technologies, such as microarrays and microfluidic biochips, offer real alternatives capable of filling this technological gap. In particular microfluidic biochips make the development of fast, sensitive and portable diagnostic tools possible, thus promising rapid and accurate detection of a variety of pathogens. This paper will provide a broad overview of the novel achievements in the field of pathogen sensing by focusing on methods and devices that compliment microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Mairhofer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kriemhilt Roppert
- Division of Nano-System-Technologies, Austrian Research Centers GmbH – ARC, Donau-City-Street 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ertl
- Division of Nano-System-Technologies, Austrian Research Centers GmbH – ARC, Donau-City-Street 1, 1220 Vienna, Austria
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +43-(0)50550-4305; Fax: +43-(0)50550-4399
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18
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Bhartia R, Hug WF, Salas EC, Reid RD, Sijapati KK, Tsapin A, Abbey W, Nealson KH, Lane AL, Conrad PG. Classification of organic and biological materials with deep ultraviolet excitation. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 62:1070-1077. [PMID: 18926014 DOI: 10.1366/000370208786049123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We show that native fluorescence can be used to differentiate classes or groups of organic molecules and biological materials when excitation occurs at specific excitation wavelengths in the deep ultraviolet (UV) region. Native fluorescence excitation-emission maps (EEMs) of pure organic materials, microbiological samples, and environmental background materials were compared using excitation wavelengths between 200-400 nm with emission wavelengths from 270 to 500 nm. These samples included polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitrogen- and sulfur-bearing organic heterocycles, bacterial spores, and bacterial vegetative whole cells (both Gram positive and Gram negative). Each sample was categorized into ten distinct groups based on fluorescence properties. Emission spectra at each of 40 excitation wavelengths were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA). Optimum excitation wavelengths for differentiating groups were determined using two metrics. We show that deep UV excitation at 235 (+/-2) nm optimally separates all organic and biological groups within our dataset with >90% confidence. For the specific case of separation of bacterial spores from all other samples in the database, excitation at wavelengths less than 250 nm provides maximum separation with >6sigma confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Bhartia
- Planetary Science and Life Detection, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, USA.
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19
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Inomata T, Eguchi H, Matsumoto K, Funahashi Y, Ozawa T, Masuda H. Adsorption of microorganisms onto an artificial siderophore-modified Au substrate. Biosens Bioelectron 2007; 23:751-5. [PMID: 17890077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2007.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Revised: 07/13/2007] [Accepted: 08/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The hydroxamate-type artificial siderophore, tris[2-{3-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxamino)propylamido}propyl]aminomethane (TAPPA) and its Fe(III) complex, Fe(III)-TAPPA were prepared and characterized by several spectroscopic methods. Fe(III)-TAPPA exhibits biological activity for the hydroxamate-type siderophore auxotrophic microorganism, Microbacterium flavescens, suggesting that Fe(III)-TAPPA can permeate the cell membrane of the microorganism. The adsorption of the Fe(III)-siderophore complex onto a deposited Au substrate was achieved by a stepwise self-assembling method. The modification of Fe(III)-TAPPA on the surface was confirmed from the cyclic voltammogram of the resultant Au electrode, Fe(III)-TAPPA/Au. The adsorption experiments of M. flavescens with Fe(III)-TAPPA/Au were monitored by optical, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements. These results clearly indicate that Fe(III)-TAPPA/Au can immobilize M. flavescens. This adsorption characteristic is due to the interaction between Fe(III)-TAPPA on an Au electrode and a receptor/binding protein within the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Inomata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan.
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20
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Ammor MS. Recent advances in the use of intrinsic fluorescence for bacterial identification and characterization. J Fluoresc 2007; 17:455-9. [PMID: 17624580 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-007-0180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2006] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Live bacteria contain a variety of intracellular biomolecules that have specific excitation and emission wavelength spectra characterizing their intrinsic fluorescence. This paper reviews recent developed methods using bacterial intrinsic fluorescence for identification and characterization purposes. Potential applications of such methods at the industrial level are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salim Ammor
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science & Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
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21
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Ammor MS, Delgado S, Alvarez-Martín P, Margolles A, Mayo B. Reagentless identification of human bifidobacteria by intrinsic fluorescence. J Microbiol Methods 2007; 69:100-6. [PMID: 17258337 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2006.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2006] [Revised: 11/21/2006] [Accepted: 12/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new identification method for bifidobacteria species from the human gastrointestinal tract was developed based on the measurement and statistical analysis of the intrinsic fluorescence of aromatic amino acids (AAA) and nucleic acids (NA), following their excitation at 250 nm. The model was constructed by recording the fluorescence spectra of 53 Bifidobacterium strains of 10 different species, including the corresponding type strains, and validated by analyzing the spectra data from nine further problem strains. Principal components analysis (PCA) and factorial discriminant analysis (FDA) of the results showed the technique to distinguish between the isolates at the species level; the Bifidobacterium pseudolongum subspecies (globosum and pseudolongum) could also be distinguished. The proposed method provides a powerful, inexpensive and convenient means of rapidly identifying intestinal bifidobacteria, which could be of help for large probiotic surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salim Ammor
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (CSIC), Carretera de Infiesto s/n, 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
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22
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Gooding JJ. Biosensor technology for detecting biological warfare agents: Recent progress and future trends. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Lim DV, Simpson JM, Kearns EA, Kramer MF. Current and developing technologies for monitoring agents of bioterrorism and biowarfare. Clin Microbiol Rev 2005; 18:583-607. [PMID: 16223949 PMCID: PMC1265906 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.18.4.583-607.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent events have made public health officials acutely aware of the importance of rapidly and accurately detecting acts of bioterrorism. Because bioterrorism is difficult to predict or prevent, reliable platforms to rapidly detect and identify biothreat agents are important to minimize the spread of these agents and to protect the public health. These platforms must not only be sensitive and specific, but must also be able to accurately detect a variety of pathogens, including modified or previously uncharacterized agents, directly from complex sample matrices. Various commercial tests utilizing biochemical, immunological, nucleic acid, and bioluminescence procedures are currently available to identify biological threat agents. Newer tests have also been developed to identify such agents using aptamers, biochips, evanescent wave biosensors, cantilevers, living cells, and other innovative technologies. This review describes these current and developing technologies and considers challenges to rapid, accurate detection of biothreat agents. Although there is no ideal platform, many of these technologies have proved invaluable for the detection and identification of biothreat agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V Lim
- Department of Biology, Center for Biological Defense, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620-5200, USA.
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24
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Kim HY, Estes CR, Duncan AG, Wade BD, Cleary FC, Lloyd CR, Ellis WR, Powers LS. Real-time detection of microbial contamination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 23:122-9. [PMID: 15154268 DOI: 10.1109/memb.2004.1297183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hea-Young Kim
- National Center for the Design of Molecular Function, Utah State University, USA
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