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Gao L, Zhang Z, Xing Z, Li Q, Kong N, Wang L, Song L. The variation of intestinal autochthonous bacteria in cultured tiger pufferfish Takifugu rubripes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1062512. [PMID: 36583108 PMCID: PMC9792791 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1062512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal autochthonous bacteria play important roles in the maintenance of the physiological homeostasis of animals, especially contributing to the host immune system. In the present study, the variation of autochthonous bacterial community in the intestinal tract of 2-7 months-old tiger pufferfish Takifugu rubripes and bacterial communities in the seawater of recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and the following offshore sea cage aquaculture system (OSCS) were analyzed during the aquaculture period from May to October 2021. Proteobacteria was found to be the most dominant phyla in both intestinal and seawater bacterial communities, which accounted for 68.82% and 65.65% of the total bacterial abundance, respectively. Arcobacter was the most core bacterial taxon in the intestinal bacterial community, with the most dominant abundance (42.89%) at the genus level and dominant positions in co-occurrence relationships with other bacterial taxa (node-betweenness value of 150). Enterococcaceae was specifically enriched in the intestinal bacterial community of pufferfishes from RAS, while Vibrionaceae was enriched in the intestinal bacterial community from OSCS. The F-values of beta diversity analysis between intestinal and seawater bacterial communities generally increased from May (6.69) to October (32.32), indicating the increasing differences between the intestinal and seawater bacterial communities along with the aquaculture process. Four bacterial taxa of Weissella sp., Akkermansia muciniphila, Dietzia sp. and Psychrobacter pacificensis had significant correlations with immune response parameters, and they were suggested to be the indicators for immune status and pathological process of pufferfish. The knowledge about the specific core bacteria, potentially pathogenic bacteria and the change of bacterial community in the intestinal tract of cultured pufferfish is of great scientific significance and will contribute to the understanding of intestinal bacterial homeostasis and biosecurity practice in pufferfish aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhen Xing
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingsong Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Ning Kong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology and Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China,*Correspondence: Linsheng Song,
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2
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Jiménez-Pérez C, Alatorre-Santamaría S, Tello-Solís SR, Gómez-Ruiz L, Rodríguez-Serrano G, García-Garibay M, Cruz-Guerrero A. Analysis of aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk and cheese produced in Mexico: a review. WORLD MYCOTOXIN J 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/wmj2020.2668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to the carcinogenic character of aflatoxins when present in foods, these compounds are considered a risk to human health. This systematic review aimed at compiling the available research data on detection and quantification of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk and common types of cheese produced in Mexico in the past two decades. A limited number of studies were found that matched the purpose of our review. Only ten research works focused on the evaluation of AFM1 content in milk while three studies analysed the occurrence of this mycotoxin in oaxaca and panela cheeses. HPLC-FD and ELISA were the methods of choice utilised to detect AFM1. Concentrations higher than 0.5 μg AFM1/kg, a maximum limit set in current food regulation in Mexico, were found in major dairy brands consumed in Mexico. Analysis of raw milk produced during the rainy season in the states of Jalisco (2007) and Chiapas (2013) showed mycotoxin levels within the regulation limits while milk samples obtained during the dry season in the Mexico City and the State of Mexico (2008) exceeded that threshold. For cheeses, 33% of the artisanal produced oaxaca type samples from Veracruz (2016) and 55% of those acquired in Mexico City (2019) were found above the limit set for milk. In contrast, the panela cheese samples obtained in Baja California and Guanajuato (2009) complied with the AFM1 regulation. Additionally, the presence of AFB1 and its hydroxylated metabolites other than AFM1 were determined in the major milk brands at concentrations that could be of high risk for human health. Similar results were reported for both artisan and industrially produced oaxaca cheese. Finally, mycotoxins enter human food chain through animals fed with contaminated fodder. Our systematic review demonstrated the urgent need to amend the existing food regulation in Mexico to include mycotoxins as potent contaminants in cheese.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Jiménez-Pérez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, 09340, México
| | - S. Alatorre-Santamaría
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, 09340, México
| | - S. R. Tello-Solís
- Departamento de Química, División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Colonia Vicentina, Ciudad de México, 09340, México
| | - L. Gómez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, 09340, México
| | - G. Rodríguez-Serrano
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, 09340, México
| | - M. García-Garibay
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, 09340, México
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Alimentación, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Lerma, Av. Hidalgo Poniente 46, Col. La Estación, Lerma de Villada, Edo. de México, 52006, México
| | - A. Cruz-Guerrero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Ciudad de México, 09340, México
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3
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Iwu CD, Ekundayo TC, Okoh AI. A Systematic Analysis of Research on Arcobacter: Public Health Implications from a Food-Environment Interphase Perspective. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071673. [PMID: 34359542 PMCID: PMC8303614 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This review maps the global research landscape of the public health implications of Arcobacter from the food–environment interphase using content analytics and integrated science mapping. The search term “Arcobacter” was used to retrieve relevant articles published in Web of Science and Scopus between 1991 to 2019. The number of articles included in the review was 524, with 1304 authors, 172 journal sources, and a collaborative index of 2.55. The annual growth rate of the publications was 9.74%. The most contributing author in the field was Houf K., with 40 publications, 26 h-index, and 2020 total citations. The most productive country was the USA (13.33%). The majority of the articles were published in English (96%) and in the Journal of Food Protection (8.02%). The highest research outputs were in the field of Microbiology (264). The frequently occurred keywords were Arcobacter, poultry, shellfish, cattle, and chicken. This study revealed a fair increase in the growth rate of Arcobacter-related research—especially in the area of isolation and detection of the pathogen in foods and food environments, as well as the pathogenesis and genetic diversity of the pathogen. Research themes in the area of prevalence and epidemiology seem to be underexplored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chidozie Declan Iwu
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; (T.C.E.); (A.I.O.)
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| | - Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; (T.C.E.); (A.I.O.)
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo PMB 536, Nigeria
| | - Anthony Ifeanyin Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; (T.C.E.); (A.I.O.)
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Malayil L, Ramachandran P, Chattopadhyay S, Cagle R, Hittle L, Ottesen A, Mongodin EF, Sapkota AR. Metabolically-active bacteria in reclaimed water and ponds revealed using bromodeoxyuridine DNA labeling coupled with 16S rRNA and shotgun sequencing. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 184:116185. [PMID: 32726735 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the complex microbiota of agricultural irrigation water is vital to multiple sectors of sustainable agriculture and public health. To date, microbiome characterization methods have provided comprehensive profiles of aquatic microbiotas, but have not described which taxa are likely metabolically-active. Here, we combined 5‑bromo‑2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling with 16S rRNA and shotgun sequencing to identify metabolically-active bacteria in reclaimed and agricultural pond water samples (n = 28) recovered from the Mid-Atlantic United States between March 2017 and January 2018. BrdU-treated samples were significantly less diverse (alpha diversity) compared to non-BrdU-treated samples. The most abundant taxa in the metabolically-active fraction of water samples (BrdU-treated samples) were unclassified Actinobacteria, Flavobacterium spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Aeromonas spp. Interestingly, we also observed that antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene profiles seemed to be more diverse and more abundant in non-BrdU-treated water samples compared to BrdU-treated samples. These findings raise the possibility that these genes may be associated more with relic (inactive) DNA present in the tested water types rather than viable, metabolically-active microorganisms. Our study demonstrates that the coupled use of BrdU labeling and sequencing can enhance understanding of the metabolically-active fraction of bacterial communities in alternative irrigation water sources. Agricultural pond and reclaimed waters are vital to the future of sustainable agriculture, and thus, the full understanding of the pathogenic potential of these waters is important to guide mitigation strategies that ensure appropriate water quality for intended purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Malayil
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Padmini Ramachandran
- Food and Drug Administration, Office of Regulatory Science, Division of Microbiology, HFS-712, 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, MD20740, United States
| | - Suhana Chattopadhyay
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Robin Cagle
- Food and Drug Administration, Office of Regulatory Science, Division of Microbiology, HFS-712, 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, MD20740, United States
| | - Lauren Hittle
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201United States
| | - Andrea Ottesen
- Food and Drug Administration, Office of Regulatory Science, Division of Microbiology, HFS-712, 5001 Campus Drive, College Park, MD20740, United States
| | - Emmanuel F Mongodin
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201United States
| | - Amy R Sapkota
- Maryland Institute for Applied Environmental Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, United States.
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5
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Fanelli F, Di Pinto A, Mottola A, Mule G, Chieffi D, Baruzzi F, Tantillo G, Fusco V. Genomic Characterization of Arcobacter butzleri Isolated From Shellfish: Novel Insight Into Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Determinants. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:670. [PMID: 31057492 PMCID: PMC6477937 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arcobacter (A.) butzleri is an emerging pathogenic microorganism, whose taxonomy has been recently suggested to be emended to the Aliarcobacter (Al.) butzleri comb. nov. Despite extensive taxonomic analysis, only few fragmented studies have investigated the occurrence and the prevalence of virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants of this species in strains isolated from shellfish. Herein we report for the first time the whole genome sequencing and genomic characterization of two A. butzleri strains isolated from shellfish, with particular reference to the antibiotic, heavy metals and virulence determinants. This study supported the taxonomic assignment of these strains to the Al. butzleri species, and allowed us to identify antibiotic and metal resistance along with virulence determinants, also additional to those previously reported for the only two A. butzleri strains from different environments genomically characterized. Moreover, both strains showed resistance to β-lactams, vanocomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin and susceptibility to aminoglycosides and ciprofloxacin. Beside enlarging the availability of genomic data to perform comparative studies aimed at correlating phenotypic differences associated with ecological niche and geographic distribution with the genetic diversity of A. butzleri spp., this study reports the endowment of antibiotic and heavy metal resistance and virulence determinants of these shellfish-isolated strains. This leads to hypothesize a relatively high virulence of A. butzleri isolated from shellfish and prompt the need for a wider genomic analysis and for in vitro and in vivo studies of more strains isolated from this and other ecological niches, to unravel the mechanism of pathogenicity of this species, and the potential risk associated to their consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fanelli
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Di Pinto
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Mottola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Mule
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (CNR-IBIOM), National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniele Chieffi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Federico Baruzzi
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Tantillo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzina Fusco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (CNR-ISPA), National Research Council of Italy, Bari, Italy
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6
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Barboza K, Cubillo Z, Castro E, Redondo-Solano M, Fernández-Jaramillo H, Echandi MLA. First isolation report of Arcobacter cryaerophilus from a human diarrhea sample in Costa Rica. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2017; 59:e72. [PMID: 29116292 PMCID: PMC5679684 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201759072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arcobacter cryaerophilus is an emerging enteropathogen and potential
zoonotic agent transmitted by food and water. In Costa Rica, this bacterium has not
been associated with cases of human gastroenteritis, even though it has been isolated
from farm animals, especially poultry. This paper reports the first isolation of
A. cryaerophilus from a human case of bloody watery diarrhea and
the virulence genes associated with this isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eduardo Castro
- Universidad de Ciencias Médicas (UCIMED), San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mauricio Redondo-Solano
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Facultad de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Laboratorio de Microbiología de Alimentos, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - María Laura Arias Echandi
- Universidad de Costa Rica, Facultad de Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales y Laboratorio de Microbiología de Alimentos, San José, Costa Rica
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7
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Córdoba-Calderón O, Redondo-Solano M, Castro-Arias E, Arias-EchandI ML. Arcobacter Isolation from Minced Beef Samples in Costa Rica. J Food Prot 2017; 80:775-778. [PMID: 28371592 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The presence of Arcobacter spp. in minced meat (including beef) samples has been well documented in different countries, with varying frequencies. Nevertheless, the only Latin American country reporting this bacterium in minced beef samples is Mexico, with a 28.8% frequency in 2003. Previous studies in Costa Rica have demonstrated the presence of Arcobacter species in samples taken from the poultry production chain, but still there are no studies performed in bovine meat. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of this bacterium in 120 samples of minced beef acquired from the Central Valley region of Costa Rica and to describe the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolates obtained. A total of 75 different Arcobacter strains were isolated from minced beef samples, for a final frequency of 48.3%. After species PCR identification, the strains were classified as A. butzleri (37.3%), A. cibarius (14.7%), A. thereius (12%), and Arcobacter spp. (36%). All samples were sensitive to gentamicin but were resistant to ampicillin, levofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin. The results obtained in this study show that the frequency of isolation of Arcobacter in minced beef samples is high and that there is a high resistance rate for antibiotics in common use. This suggests that Arcobacter represents a health risk for Costa Rica and that control measures should be developed to decrease its potential impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Córdoba-Calderón
- Tropical Disease Research Center and Food Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mauricio Redondo-Solano
- Tropical Disease Research Center and Food Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - María Laura Arias-EchandI
- Tropical Disease Research Center and Food Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Microbiology, University of Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica
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8
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Liang H, Ye D, Luo L. Unravelling diversity and metabolic potential of microbial consortia at each stage of leather sewage treatment. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07470k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated sludge is essential for the biological wastewater treatment process and the identification of active microbes enlarges awareness of their ecological functions in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebin Liang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering
| | - Dongdong Ye
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering
| | - Lixin Luo
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering
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9
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Isolation and identification of Arcobacter species from environmental and drinking water samples. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2016; 61:479-484. [PMID: 27106697 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-016-0460-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Water plays an important role in the transmission of Arcobacter spp. to animals and humans. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize Arcobacter spp. from 115 different water samples (66 sewage, 25 rivers, 16 spring water, and 8 drinking water) in Izmir, Turkey. In total, 41 samples (35.7 %) were found positive for Arcobacter spp. by the genus-specific PCR. Arcobacter butzleri was detected in 39 out of 115 samples (33.9 %) including 24 sewage, 13 rivers, and 2 spring water. The remaining Arcobacter spp. (n = 2) isolates could not be identified by m-PCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Based on the phenotypic characterization, most of the Arcobacter species (87.8 %) indicated weak catalase activity. In addition, there were differences in phenotypic patterns among isolated species during growth at 37 °C under microaerobic and aerobic conditions, in the presence of 2 % (39/41) and 3.5 % (32/41) NaCl and 0.04 % TTC (39/41) and on MacConkey agar (38/41). The results of this study indicated that environmental water samples are common sources for Arcobacter spp. Therefore, effective control measures should be taken to protect human health.
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10
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Gao P, Xu W, Sontag P, Li X, Xue G, Liu T, Sun W. Correlating microbial community compositions with environmental factors in activated sludge from four full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants in Shanghai, China. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4663-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7307-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Liang H, Ye D, Li P, Su T, Wu J, Luo L. Evolution of bacterial consortia in an integrated tannery wastewater treatment process. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19603a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PCR-DGGE and Illumina HiSeq revealed the composition of bacterial communities in tannery sewage treatment and their linkages with the physicochemical characteristics of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebin Liang
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Dongdong Ye
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Tingting Su
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jiegen Wu
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Lixin Luo
- School of Bioscience and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
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12
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Arcobacter Species. Food Saf (Tokyo) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800245-2.00012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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13
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Dhama K, Rajagunalan S, Chakraborty S, Verma AK, Kumar A, Tiwari R, Kapoor S. Food-borne pathogens of animal origin-diagnosis, prevention, control and their zoonotic significance: a review. Pak J Biol Sci 2014; 16:1076-85. [PMID: 24506006 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2013.1076.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The term food borne diseases or food-borne illnesses or more commonly food poisoning are used to denote gastrointestinal complications that occur following recent consumption of a particular food or drink. Millions of people suffer worldwide every year and the situation is quiet grave in developing nations creating social and economic strain. The food borne pathogens include various bacteria viz., Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus, Arcobacter, Clostridium perfringens, Cl. botulinum and Bacillus cereus and helminths viz., Taenia. They also include protozoa viz., Trichinella, Sarcocystis, Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium parvum. The zoonotic potential and the ability to elaborate toxins by many of the microbes causing fatal intoxication are sufficient to understand the seriousness of the situation. The viral agents being host specific their transmission to humans through food of animal origin is not yet confirmed although these animal viruses are similar to that of viruses infecting human. Food-borne bacteria; protozoa and helminthes have complex distribution pattern in the environment and inside the host system. This along with complexity of the maintenance chain and life cycle (of parasites) has made it difficult for epidemiologist and diagnostician to undertake any immediate safety measures against them. Serological and molecular diagnostic tests viz. ELISA, Latex agglutination test, Lateral flow assays, Immunomagnetic separation assays, molecular assays viz. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), multiplex PCR, immuno-PCR, Realtime PCR, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR, DNA microarrays and probes are widely used. Along with these LAMP assays, Capillary Electrophoresis-Single Strand Confirmation polymorphism (CE-SSCP); Flow cytometry, FISH, Biosensors, Direct epifluorescent filter technique, nanotechnology based methods and sophisticated tools (ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and chlonangio-pancreatography) have aided in the diagnosis greatly. Most of the food-borne illnesses are self-limiting but in many instances antibiotics are recommended. With the increased drug resistance however use of chicken immunoglobulin, bacteriophage therapy, probiotics and herbs are gaining much importance these days. Adoption of proper prevention and control measures (including cooking procedures; hygiene, strict adherence to HACCP principles, public awareness and disease surveillance and monitoring) are the need of hour. All these have been discussed vividly in this review to help epidemiologists, diagnosticians, clinicians and above all common people so as to enable them avoid negligence regarding such serious issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dhama
- Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly (U.P.)-243122, India
| | - S Rajagunalan
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly (U.P.)-243122, India
| | - S Chakraborty
- Animal Resource Development Department, Pt. Nehru Complex, Agartala, Tripura-799001, India
| | - A K Verma
- Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidyalaya Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura (U.P.)-281001, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidyalaya Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura (U.P.)-281001, India
| | - R Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Uttar Pradesh Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwa Vidyalaya Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura (U.P.)-281001, India
| | - S Kapoor
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, LLRUVAS, Hisar, Haryana, India
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Abstract
This article presents information related to emerging pathogens that are foodborne or have the potential to be foodborne including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. The phenotypic characteristics of these pathogens, their epidemiology, prevalence in foods, and transmission routes to humans as well as means for their control are also discussed.
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Ahmed R, Balamurugan S. Evaluation of three Arcobacter selective agars for selective enumeration of Arcobacter butzleri in beef. Food Res Int 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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González I, García T, Fernández S, Martín R. Current Status on Arcobacter Research: An Update on DNA-Based Identification and Typing Methodologies. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-011-9343-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Fera MT, Russo GT, Di Benedetto A, La Camera E, Orlando A, Giandalia A, Ruffa VF, Lanza G, Lentini V, Perdichizzi G, Cucinotta D. High prevalence of arcobacter carriage in older subjects with type 2 diabetes. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:489784. [PMID: 20508853 PMCID: PMC2874994 DOI: 10.1155/2010/489784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2010] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arcobacters are potential pathogens related to diarrheic infections and, rarely, septicaemia. This study evaluated the prevalence of arcobacters in stool samples of subjects with (n = 38) and without (n = 61) type 2 diabetes by using cultural and molecular techniques. Three Arcobacter positive cultures were found, all among diabetic subjects, whereas molecular analysis showed a carriage rate of 79% and 26.2% in subjects with and without type 2 diabetes (P < .001), respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that type 2 diabetes (beta = 1.913; 95%CI: 2.378-19.285; P < .0001) and age (beta = 1.744; 95%CI: 2.077-15.766; P = .001) were the only factors independently associated with arcobacters colonization in this population. Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of arcobacters colonization in type 2 diabetic and older subjects. The clinical significance and the potential health risk associated with these emerging species remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Fera
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Microbiology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina T. Russo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Erminia La Camera
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Microbiology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Orlando
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Annalisa Giandalia
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo F. Ruffa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giulia Lanza
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Valeria Lentini
- Department of Animal Biology and Marine Ecology, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Cucinotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Fera MT, Gugliandolo C, Lentini V, Favaloro A, Bonanno D, La Camera E, Maugeri TL. Specific detection of Arcobacter spp. in estuarine waters of Southern Italy by PCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Lett Appl Microbiol 2010; 50:65-70. [PMID: 19929906 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2009.02767.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the reliability of culture-independent methods in comparison with culture-dependent ones for the detection of Arcobacter spp. in estuarine waters of Southern Italy. METHODS AND RESULTS PCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) procedures were used to detect arcobacters directly in water samples and after enrichment cultures. The samples totally were positive by molecular methods (PCR and FISH) but only 75% were culture positive, confirming the limitation of these latter to detect Arcobacter spp. in natural samples. Culturable arcobacters were retrieved in all times except in July, and isolated species were ascribed only to Arcobacter cryaerophilus. CONCLUSIONS Culturable and nonculturable forms of Arcobacter in the estuarine environment were present. PCR assays were more sensitive than traditional culture in detecting Arcobacter butzleri and A. cryaerophilus. FISH comparatively to PCR technique may provide information about cell morphology and viability of single cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our investigation indicates the existence of an environmental reservoir of potential pathogenic arcobacters in an estuarine Italian area, which may survive under a viable but not culturable state.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Fera
- Dipartimento di Patologia e Microbiologia Sperimentale, Policlinico Universitario, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
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Fera M, La Camera E, Carbone M, Malara D, Pennisi M. Pet cats as carriers ofArcobacterspp. in Southern Italy. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 106:1661-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.04133.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Induction and resuscitation of viable nonculturable Arcobacter butzleri cells. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008; 74:3266-8. [PMID: 18378639 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00059-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two strains of Arcobacter butzleri, ATCC 49616 and an environmental isolate, became nonculturable in seawater microcosms at 4 degrees C by 20 days and at room temperature by 14 days. Nonculturable cells were viable for up to 270 days of incubation in microcosms. Resuscitation of A. butzleri cells from microcosms at both temperatures was achieved 9 days after nutrient addition.
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Cervenka L, Peskova I, Pejchalova M, Vytrasova J. Inhibition of Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii by plant oil aromatics. J Food Prot 2008; 71:165-9. [PMID: 18236678 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-71.1.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of some plant oil aromatics against three strains of Arcobacter butzleri, two strains of Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and one strain of Arcobacter skirrowii was evaluated. When MICs were determined using the broth macrodilution method, cinnamaldehyde was most inhibitory followed by thymol, carvacrol, caffeic acid, tannic acid, and eugenol (P < 0.001). Sublethal concentrations of the three most potent plant oil aromatics also were examined. Overall, cinnamaldehyde was the most bacteriostatic against all arcobacters tested except A. butzleri when these strains were exposed to the MIC25 of this aromatic aldehyde. The bacteriostatic activities of thymol and carvacrol were concentration and species dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Cervenka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, nam. Cs. Legii 565, Pardubice, Czech Republic CZ-532 10.
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Fisher K, Rowe C, Phillips CA. The survival of three strains of Arcobacter butzleri in the presence of lemon, orange and bergamot essential oils and their components in vitro and on food. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 44:495-9. [PMID: 17451515 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2006.02106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To test the effect of oils and vapours of lemon, sweet orange and bergamot and their components against three Arcobacter butzleri strains. METHODS AND RESULTS The disc diffusion method was used to screen the oils and vapours against three strains of A. butzleri. In vitro bergamot was the most inhibitory essential oil (EO) and both citral and linalool were effective. On cabbage leaf, the water isolate was the least susceptible to bergamot EO, citral and linalool (1-2 log reduction), with the chicken isolate being the most susceptible (6-8 log reduction). However, the latter appeared not to be susceptible to vapours over 24 h although type strain and water isolate populations reduced by 8 logs. On chicken skin, the effectiveness of the oils was reduced compared with that on cabbage leaf. CONCLUSIONS Bergamot was the most effective of the oils tested and linalool the most effective component. All strains tested were less susceptible in food systems than in vitro. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Arcobacter isolates vary in their response to EO suggesting that the results of type strain studies should be interpreted with caution. Bergamot EO has the potential for the inhibition of this 'emerging' pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fisher
- School of Health, The University of Northampton, Northampton, UK
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Ho HTK, Lipman LJA, Hendriks HGCJM, Tooten PCJ, Ultee T, Gaastra W. Interaction ofArcobacterspp. with human and porcine intestinal epithelial cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 50:51-8. [PMID: 17343682 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2007.00230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the pathogenic mechanisms or potential virulence factors of Arcobacter spp. The aim of the study described here was to obtain more insights in the pathogenicity mechanisms of Arcobacter spp. by testing their ability to adhere to, invade and induce interleukin-8 expression in human Caco-2 and porcine IPI-2I cell lines. Eight Arcobacter strains were tested. Four strains were obtained from a culture collection, and represent the four Arcobacter spp. known to be associated with animals and humans. The other four strains were field isolates from the amniotic fluid of sows and from newborn piglets. All eight Arcobacter strains were able to adhere to both cell lines, and induced interleukin-8 production as early as 2 h after a 1h incubation period. This production was still increased 6 h postinfection. Differences in the cell association of the eight strains were obvious, with A. cibarius showing the highest adhesion ability. Invasion of intestinal epithelial cells was only observed for A. cryaerophilus strains. No correlation between invasiveness or strong adhesion of the tested strains and the level of interleukin-8 induction was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoa T K Ho
- Division of Public Health and Food Safety, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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Sargeant JM, Torrence ME, Rajić A, O'Connor AM, Williams J. Methodological Quality Assessment of Review Articles Evaluating Interventions to Improve Microbial Food Safety. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2006; 3:447-56. [PMID: 17199527 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2006.3.447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Review articles are a means of summarizing the potentially vast volume of research on a topic. However, the methodological quality of review articles varies, and reviews on the same topic may reach different conclusions. We evaluated 65 review articles published between 2000 and 2005 that addressed the effectiveness of microbial food safety interventions, using criteria for methodological soundness developed in the medical field. Overall, the methodological quality of the review articles was poor, with none of the reviews providing information on the method of locating primary research studies or the inclusion/exclusion criteria for selecting primary studies. None of the reviews included a critical appraisal of the methodological quality of the primary studies. Less than half of the reviews stated a focused research question, explored possible reasons for differences in the results of primary studies, discussed the generalizability of results, or proposed directions for future research. There is a need to improve the methodological quality of review articles on microbial food safety interventions if they are to be of use in policy and decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Sargeant
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Jelínek D, Miketová P, Khailová L, Schram KH, Moore IM, Vytrasová J. Identification of Arcobacter species using phospholipid and total fatty acid profiles. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2006; 51:329-36. [PMID: 17007438 DOI: 10.1007/bf02931826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were used to analyze the phospholipids and fatty acids of four Arcobacter species (becoming routinely isolated from a wide variety of food sources, especially of animal origin) to provide information for the identification within these species. Phospholipid differences were observed in the HPLC profiles. GC-MS analysis provided a complete fatty acid composition for each arcobacter that after pattern recognition analysis allows taxonomic classification of each species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jelínek
- College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, USA
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Brightwell G, Mowat E, Clemens R, Boerema J, Pulford DJ, On SL. Development of a multiplex and real time PCR assay for the specific detection of Arcobacter butzleri and Arcobacter cryaerophilus. J Microbiol Methods 2006; 68:318-25. [PMID: 17055091 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2006.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2006] [Revised: 07/27/2006] [Accepted: 09/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new multiplex PCR and two specific TaqMan assays were developed to target the emerging pathogens A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus. The assays also included an internal control to verify the presence of bacterial target DNA and amplification integrity. The multiplex assay used a published primer set (CRY1 and CRY2) for detecting A. cryaerophilus DNA (Houf, K., Tutenel, A., De Zutter, L., Van Hoof, J. and Vandamme, P., 2000. Development of a multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and identification of Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus and Arcobacter skirrowii. FEMS microbiology letters, 193 (1): 89-94.) and a novel A. butzleri primer set designed to target the rpoB/C gene sequences. To improve sample throughput and assay sensitivity a TaqMan assay for each Arcobacter spp. was developed which again utilised the heterogeneity contained in the rpoB/C and 23s rRNA gene sequences. The two TaqMan assays provided >2 log improvement in detection sensitivity for both Arcobacter spp. compared with the multiplex PCR assay and were able to detect <10 CFU per PCR reaction. To evaluate the effectiveness of the Arcobacter TaqMan assays with field isolates the assays were used to screen DNA samples prepared from faecal, hide and environmental samples obtained from two meat processing plants. In these studies, the TaqMan assays revealed that 2/150 (1.3%) samples were A. butzleri-positive, 11/150 (7.3%) were A. cryaerophilus-positive and the identity of generated amplicons was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Our results show that these TaqMan assays provide improvements in sensitivity and species-representation over other published Arcobacter PCR assays and they are compatible with detecting Arcobacters in sub-optimal matrices.
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Cervenka L, Peskova I, Foltynova E, Pejchalova M, Brozkova I, Vytrasova J. Inhibitory Effects of Some Spice and Herb Extracts Against Arcobacter butzleri, A. cryaerophilus, and A. skirrowii. Curr Microbiol 2006; 53:435-9. [PMID: 16972127 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-006-0244-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2006] [Accepted: 06/19/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Seventeen spice and medicinal plant extracts (methanol and chloroform) were assayed for their antimicrobial activity against Arcobacter butzleri, A. cryaerophilus, and A. skirrowii. In general, all of the tested extracts were able, to a different extent, to inhibit the growth of the selected Arcobacter species. Cinnamon, bearberry, chamomile, sage and rosemary extracts showed strong antimicrobial activity toward arcobacter strains tested. Overall, the methanol extracts showed better activity than the chloroform extracts (P < 0.05); however, enhanced antibacterial activity of chloroform extracts of cinnamon and rosemary has been observed in comparison with their methanol counterparts. The inhibitory dose of the most active extracts (the diameter of zone of inhibition > or = 20 mm) was determined using the disc-diffusion method as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Cervenka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, nam. Cs. Legii 565, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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D'Sa EM, Harrison MA. Effect of pH, NaCl content, and temperature on growth and survival of Arcobacter spp. J Food Prot 2005; 68:18-25. [PMID: 15690799 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-68.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Growth and survival of six human isolates of the pathogenic Arcobacter spp. in the presence of selected environmental factors were studied. Four strains of Arcobacter butzleri and two strains of Arcobacter cryaerophilus were exposed to pH levels of 3.5 to 8.0. Most strains grew between pH 5.5 and 8.0, with optimal growth of most A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus strains at pH 6.0 to 7.0 and 7.0 to 7.5, respectively. The 24-h optimal growth range in the presence of NaCl was 0.5 to 1.0% for A. cryaerophilus. However, after 96 h, the optimum was between 0.5 and 2.0% NaCl. The optimum range for growth of A. butzleri strains was 0.09 to 0.5% NaCl after 96 h. The upper growth limits were 3.5 and 3.0% NaCl for A. butzleri and A. cryaerophilus, respectively. Survival at 25 degrees C in up to 5% NaCl was noted for A. butzleri 3556 and 3539 and A. cryaerophilus 3256. Decimal reduction times (D-values) at pH 7.3 in phosphate-buffered saline for three A. butzleri strains were 0.07 to 0.12 min at 60 degrees C, 0.38 to 0.76 min at 55 degrees C, and 5.12 to 5.81 min at 50 degrees C. At pH 5.5, decreased thermotolerance was observed, with D-values of 0.03 to 0.11 min at 60 degrees C, 0.30 to 0.42 min at 55 degrees C, and 1.97 to 4.42 min at 50 degrees C. Calculated z-values ranged from 5.20 to 6.28 degrees C. D-values of a three-strain mixture of A. butzleri in raw ground pork were 18.51 min at 50 degrees C and 2.18 min at 55 degrees C. Mild heat (50 degress C) followed by cold shock (4 or 8 degrees C exposure) had a synergistic lethal effect, reducing more cells than with an individual 50 degrees C treatment or with cold shock temperatures of 12 or 16 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine M D'Sa
- Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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Moreno Y, Alonso JL, Botella S, Ferrús MA, Hernández J. Survival and injury of Arcobacter after artificial inoculation into drinking water. Res Microbiol 2004; 155:726-30. [PMID: 15501649 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2004.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2004] [Accepted: 05/17/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to assess the effect of chlorine water treatment on Arcobacter butzleri and to study the survival strategies of this organism in chlorinated and non-chlorinated drinking water. A. butzleri NCTC 12481 was inoculated into chlorinated and non-chlorinated water and samples were removed aseptically, immediately and periodically during the next 2 days (for chlorinated drinking water) or 35 days (for non-chlorinated drinking water). The membrane integrity (Live/Dead BacLight kit), 16S rRNA (FISH technique), DNA content (23S rRNA PCR-RFLPs) and culturability changes in A. butzleri cells were analyzed. Culturability of the cells was lost at 5 min in chlorinated drinking water. At that time the cells showed membrane damage, although fluorescent intensity of 16S rRNA hybridization was constant throughout the chlorine treatment. After 48 h the amplicon specific for the 23S rRNA gene was weakly detected. In non-chlorinated drinking water cells lost their culturability after 16 days but the other factors measured indicated that Arcobacter remained viable throughout the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Moreno
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica, Camino de Vera 14, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Fera MT, Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Beninati C, Giannone M, La Camera E, Carbone M. Detection of Arcobacter spp. in the coastal environment of the Mediterranean Sea. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:1271-6. [PMID: 15006743 PMCID: PMC368354 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.3.1271-1276.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of Arcobacter spp. was studied in seawater and plankton samples collected from the Straits of Messina, Italy, during an annual period of observation by using cultural and molecular techniques. A PCR assay with three pairs of primers targeting the 16S and 23S rRNA genes was used for detection and identification of Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, and Arcobacter skirrowii in cultures and environmental samples. Only one of the Arcobacter species, A. butzleri, was isolated from seawater and plankton samples. With some samples the A. butzleri PCR assay gave amplified products when cultures were negative. A. cryaerophilus and A. skirrowii were never detected by culture on selective agar plates; they were detected only by PCR performed directly with environmental samples. Collectively, our data suggest that culturable and nonculturable forms of Arcobacter are present in marine environments. The assay was useful for detecting Arcobacter spp. both as free forms and intimately associated with plankton. This is the first report showing both direct isolation of A. butzleri and the presence of nonculturable Arcobacter spp. in the coastal environment of the Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Fera
- Dipartimento di Patologia e Microbiologia Sperimentale, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy.
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Adherence of environmental Arcobacter butzleri and Vibrio spp. isolates to epithelial cells in vitro. Food Microbiol 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0740-0020(02)00172-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Moreno Y, Botella S, Alonso JL, Ferrús MA, Hernández M, Hernández J. Specific detection of Arcobacter and Campylobacter strains in water and sewage by PCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003; 69:1181-6. [PMID: 12571045 PMCID: PMC143587 DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.2.1181-1186.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2002] [Accepted: 11/01/2002] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate PCR and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques for detecting Arcobacter and Campylobacter strains in river water and wastewater samples. Both 16S and 23S rRNA sequence data were used to design specific primers and oligonucleotide probes for PCR and FISH analyses, respectively. In order to assess the suitability of the methods, the assays were performed on naturally and artificially contaminated samples and compared with the isolation of cells on selective media. The detection range of PCR and FISH assays varied between 1 cell/ml (after enrichment) to 10(3) cells/ml (without enrichment). According to our results, both rRNA-based techniques have the potential to be used as quick and sensitive methods for detection of campylobacters in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Moreno
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Borch E, Arinder P. Bacteriological safety issues in red meat and ready-to-eat meat products, as well as control measures. Meat Sci 2002; 62:381-90. [DOI: 10.1016/s0309-1740(02)00125-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2002] [Revised: 04/10/2002] [Accepted: 04/27/2002] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Phillips C, Duggan J. The effect of temperature and citric acid, alone, and in combination with nisin, on the growth of Arcobacter butzleri in culture. Food Control 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0956-7135(01)00074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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