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Türker F, Brennan A, Margolis SS. Neuronal membrane proteasome-derived peptides modulate NMDAR-dependent neuronal signaling to promote changes in gene expression. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar6. [PMID: 37910253 PMCID: PMC10881162 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-06-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuronal membrane proteasome (NMP) degrades intracellular proteins into peptides that are released directly into the extracellular space, whereby they stimulate neurons to promote signaling mechanisms that remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that neuronal stimulation promotes NMP activity and, subsequently, enhanced production of NMP peptides. We show that these neuronal activity-dependent NMP peptides can rapidly promote N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent calcium influx in neurons. This leads to sustained phosphorylation of the well-defined stimulus-induced transcription factor, cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB). Downstream of these events, we identified changes to neuronal target genes which included increased expression of immediate early genes (e.g., Fos, Npas4, Egr4) and other genes known to have critical neuroregulatory roles. Further observations led to the discovery that NMP peptide-induced changes in gene expression is dependent on NMDARs and independent of AMPA receptors or voltage-gated sodium channels. These data demonstrate that NMP peptides are endogenous and selective activators of NMDA receptors and act as sufficient and novel stimuli within the context of neuronal activity-dependent signaling. This novel pathway is parallel to classic neuronal activity-dependent programs and points to NMP and its resulting peptides as potential modulators of neuronal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulya Türker
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Anna Brennan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Seth S. Margolis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
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Schoen C, Loeffler DI, Frentzen A, Pilgrim S, Goebel W, Stritzker J. Listeria monocytogenes as novel carrier system for the development of live vaccines. Int J Med Microbiol 2008; 298:45-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2007.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Tvinnereim AR, Hamilton SE, Harty JT. Neutrophil Involvement in Cross-Priming CD8+T Cell Responses to Bacterial Antigens. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 173:1994-2002. [PMID: 15265934 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.3.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Substantial CD8(+) T cell responses are generated after infection of mice with recombinant Listeria monocytogenes strains expressing a model epitope (lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus NP(118-126)) in secreted and nonsecreted forms. L. monocytogenes gains access to the cytosol of infected cells, where secreted Ags can be accessed by the endogenous MHC class I presentation pathway. However, the route of presentation of the nonsecreted Ag in vivo remains undefined. In this study we show that neutrophil-enriched peritoneal exudate cells from L. monocytogenes-infected mice can serve as substrates for in vitro cross-presentation of both nonsecreted and secreted Ag by dendritic cells as well as for in vivo cross-priming of CD8(+) T cells. In addition, specific neutrophil depletion in vivo by low dose treatment with either of two Ly6G-specific mAb substantially decreased the relative CD8(+) T cell response against the nonsecreted, but not the secreted, Ag compared with control Ab-treated mice. Thus, neutrophils not only provide rapid innate defense against infection, but also contribute to shaping the specificity and breadth of the CD8(+) T cell response. In addition, cross-presentation of bacterial Ags from neutrophils may explain how CD8(+) T cell responses are generated against Ags from extracellular bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Tvinnereim
- Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Zenewicz LA, Foulds KE, Jiang J, Fan X, Shen H. Nonsecreted bacterial proteins induce recall CD8 T cell responses but do not serve as protective antigens. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2002; 169:5805-12. [PMID: 12421961 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.10.5805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Secreted or nonsecreted Ag expressed by recombinant Listeria monocytogenes can prime CD8 T cells. However, Ag-specific memory CD8 T cells confer protection against bacteria secreting Ag, but not against bacteria expressing the nonsecreted form of the same Ag. This dichotomy may be explained by a long-standing hypothesis that nonsecreted Ags are less effective than secreted Ags at inducing a protective immune response at the onset of infection. We tested this hypothesis by examining whether these two different forms of Ag induce different primary and secondary CD8 T cell responses. The primary responses to secreted and nonsecreted Ags expanded and contracted almost synchronously, although the responses to nonsecreted Ags were of lower magnitude. These results demonstrate that the kinetics of the CD8 T cell response are similar regardless of whether Ag is accessible to the endogenous MHC class I pathway or can only be presented through cross-presentation. No differences were detected in the CD8 T cell recall response to L. monocytogenes expressing secreted or nonsecreted Ags. Nonsecreted Ags are as effective as secreted Ags at the induction of a rapid recall response by memory CD8 T cells. Thus, the inability of nonsecreted bacterial proteins to serve as protective Ags cannot be attributed to a defective CD8 T cell response.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Bacterial/immunology
- Antigens, Bacterial/physiology
- Antigens, Bacterial/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Bacterial Proteins/immunology
- Bacterial Proteins/metabolism
- Bacterial Proteins/therapeutic use
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/microbiology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/virology
- Cell Line
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/biosynthesis
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/therapeutic use
- Female
- Glycoproteins/immunology
- Glycoproteins/metabolism
- Immunization, Secondary
- Immunologic Memory/genetics
- Listeria monocytogenes/genetics
- Listeria monocytogenes/immunology
- Listeriosis/genetics
- Listeriosis/immunology
- Listeriosis/prevention & control
- Lymphocyte Activation/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Peptide Fragments/metabolism
- Time Factors
- Vaccination
- Viral Proteins/immunology
- Viral Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Zenewicz
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Grode L, Kursar M, Fensterle J, Kaufmann SHE, Hess J. Cell-mediated immunity induced by recombinant Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin strains against an intracellular bacterial pathogen: importance of antigen secretion or membrane-targeted antigen display as lipoprotein for vaccine efficacy. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2002; 168:1869-76. [PMID: 11823521 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.168.4.1869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Live recombinant vaccines expressing defined pathogen-derived Ags represent powerful candidates for future vaccination strategies. In this study, we report on the differential induction of protective cell-mediated immunity elicited by different recombinant Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) strains displaying p60 Ag of Listeria monocytogenes in secreted, cytosolic, or membrane-attached form for T cell recognition. Anti-listerial protection evoked by the membrane-linked p60 lipoprotein of rBCG Mp60 and that of the p60 derivative secreted by rBCG Sp60-40 were nearly equal, whereas cytosolic p60 displayed by rBCG Np60 failed to protect mice from listeriosis. In vivo depletion of CD4 or CD8 T cell subpopulations in rBCG Mp60-vaccinated mice before listerial challenge revealed interactions of both T cell subsets in anti-listerial protection. In rBCG Sp60-40-vaccinated animals, CD4 T cells predominantly contributed to anti-listerial control as shown by the failure of anti-CD8 mAb treatment to impair the outcome of listeriosis in rBCG Sp60-40-vaccinated mice after L. monocytogenes challenge. Hence, differential Ag display by rBCG influences cell-mediated immunity, which in turn may impact vaccine efficacy due to the different requirements of CD4 or CD8 T cells for pathogen elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leander Grode
- Department of Immunology, Max-Planck-Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
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Hess J, Schaible U, Raupach B, Kaufmann SH. Exploiting the immune system: toward new vaccines against intracellular bacteria. Adv Immunol 2001; 75:1-88. [PMID: 10879281 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2776(00)75001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Hess
- Department of Immunology, Max-Planck-Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
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Hess J, Grode L, Hellwig J, Conradt P, Gentschev I, Goebel W, Ladel C, Kaufmann SH. Protection against murine tuberculosis by an attenuated recombinant Salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain that secretes the 30-kDa antigen of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2000; 27:283-9. [PMID: 10727883 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695x.2000.tb01441.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A recombinant (r-) Salmonella typhimurium aroA vaccine that secretes the naturally secreted protein of Mycobacterium bovis strain BCG, Ag85B, by means of the HlyB/HlyD/TolC export machinery (termed p30 in the following) was constructed. In contrast to r-S. typhimurium control, oral vaccination of mice with the r-S. typhimurium p30 construct induced partial protection against an intravenous challenge with the intracellular pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in similar vaccine efficacy comparable to that of the systemically administered attenuated M. bovis BCG strain. The immune response induced by r-S. typhimurium p30 was accompanied by augmented interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels produced by restimulated splenocytes. These data suggest that the HlyB/HlyD/TolC-based antigen delivery system with attenuated r-S. typhimurium as carrier is capable of inducing an immune response against mycobacterial antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hess
- Max-Planck-Institute for Infection Biology, Department of Immunology, Monbijoustr. 2, D-10117, Berlin, Germany.
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Finelli A, Kerksiek KM, Allen SE, Marshall N, Mercado R, Pilip I, Busch DH, Pamer EG. MHC class I restricted T cell responses to Listeria monocytogenes, an intracellular bacterial pathogen. Immunol Res 1999; 19:211-23. [PMID: 10493175 DOI: 10.1007/bf02786489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the murine immune response to infection with the intracellular bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes have provided a wealth of information about innate and acquired immune defenses in the setting of an infectious disease. Our studies have focused on the MHC class I restricted, CD8+ T cell responses of Balb/c mice to L. monocytogenes infection. Four peptides that derive from proteins that L. monocytogenes secretes into the cytosol of infected cells are presented to cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) by the H2-Kd major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule. We have found that bacterially secreted proteins are rapidly degraded in the host cell cytosol by proteasomes that utilize, at least in part, the N-end rule to determine the rate of degradation. The MHC class I antigen processing pathway is remarkably efficient at generating peptides that bind to MHC class I molecules. The magnitude of in vivo T cell responses, however, is influenced to only a small degree by the amount of antigen or the efficiency of antigen presentation. Measurements of in vivo T cell expansion following L. monocytogenes infection indicate that differences in the sizes of peptide-specific T cell responses are more likely owing to differences in the repertoire of naive T cells than to differences in peptide presentation. This notion is supported by our additional finding that dominant T cell populations express a more diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire than do subdominant T cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Finelli
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8022, USA
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Catic A, Dietrich G, Gentschev I, Goebel W, Kaufmann SH, Hess J. Introduction of protein or DNA delivered via recombinant Salmonella typhimurium into the major histocompatibility complex class I presentation pathway of macrophages. Microbes Infect 1999; 1:113-21. [PMID: 10594975 DOI: 10.1016/s1286-4579(99)80001-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant (r) Salmonella typhimurium aroA strains which display the hen egg ovalbumin OVA(257-264) peptide SIINFEKL in secreted form were constructed. In addition, attenuated rS. typhimurium pcDNA-OVA constructs harbouring a eukaryotic expression plasmid encoding complete OVA were used to introduce the immunodominant OVA(257-264) epitope into the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I presentation pathway. Both modes of antigen delivery (DNA and protein) by Salmonella vaccine carriers stimulated OVA(257-264)-specific CD8 T-cell hybridomas. An in vitro infection system was established that allowed both rSalmonella carrier devices to facilitate MHC class I delivery of OVA(257-264) by coexpression of listeriolysin (Hly) or by coinfection with rS. typhimurium Hlys (Hess J., Gentschev I., Miko D., Welzel M., Ladel C., Goebel W., Kaufmann S.H.E., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93 (1996) 1458-1463). Coexpression of Hly and coinfection with rS. typhimurium Hlys slightly improved MHC class I processing of OVA. Our data provide further evidence for the feasibility of attenuated, Hly-expressing rS. typhimurium carriers secreting heterologous antigens or harbouring heterologous DNA as effective vaccines for stimulating CD8 T cells in addition to CD4 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Catic
- Department of Immunology, University Clinics Ulm, D-89070 Ulm, Germany
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