1
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Colombano A, Dall'Angelo S, Kingston L, Grönberg G, Correia C, Passannante R, Baz Z, Morcillo MÁ, Elmore CS, Llop J, Zanda M. 4,4,16-Trifluoropalmitate: Design, Synthesis, Tritiation, Radiofluorination and Preclinical PET Imaging Studies on Myocardial Fatty Acid Oxidation. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:2317-2331. [PMID: 32856369 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acid oxidation (FAO) produces most of the ATP used to sustain the cardiac contractile work, although glycolysis is a secondary source of ATP under normal physiological conditions. FAO impairment has been reported in the advanced stages of heart failure (HF) and is strongly linked to disease progression and severity. Thus, from a clinical perspective, FAO dysregulation provides prognostic value for HF progression, the assessment of which could be used to improve patient monitoring and the effectiveness of therapy. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging represents a powerful tool for the assessment and quantification of metabolic pathways in vivo. Several FAO PET tracers have been reported in the literature, but none of them is in routine clinical use yet. Metabolically trapped tracers are particularly interesting because they undergo FAO to generate a radioactive metabolite that is subsequently trapped in the mitochondria, thus providing a quantitative means of measuring FAO in vivo. Herein, we describe the design, synthesis, tritium labelling and radiofluorination of 4,4,16-trifluoro-palmitate (1) as a novel potential metabolically trapped FAO tracer. Preliminary PET-CT studies on [18 F]1 in rats showed rapid blood clearance, good metabolic stability - confirmed by using [3 H]1 in vitro - and resistance towards defluorination. However, cardiac uptake in rats was modest (0.24±0.04 % ID/g), and kinetic analysis showed reversible uptake, thus indicating that [18 F]1 is not irreversibly trapped.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Dall'Angelo
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Lee Kingston
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Science R&D AstraZeneca, 43183, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Grönberg
- Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmune BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca, 43183, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claudia Correia
- Bioscience Cardiovascular, Research and Early Development Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca, 43183, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rossana Passannante
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 182, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Zuriñe Baz
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 182, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Morcillo
- Biomedical Applications of Radioisotopes and Pharmacokinetics Unit, CIEMAT, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Charles S Elmore
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Science R&D AstraZeneca, 43183, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 182, 20014, San Sebastian, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Respiratorias - CIBERES, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matteo Zanda
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.,C.N.R.-SCITEC, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131, Milan, Italy.,Current address: School of Science, Centre for Sensing and Imaging Science, Loughborough University Sir David Davies Building, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yu Xue
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhoulong Fan
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- State
key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunyong Ding
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- State
key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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3
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Dominguez A, Puigmartı́ M, Bosch MP, Rosell G, Crehuet R, Ortiz A, Quero C, Guerrero A. Synthesis, Functional Assays, Electrophysiological Activity, and Field Tests of Pheromone Antagonists of the Tomato Leafminer, Tuta absoluta. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3523-3532. [PMID: 27088783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta, is one of the major pests of tomato and other Solanaceae in many regions worldwide. In the search for new strategies to control this pest, we present herewith the stereoselective synthesis, electrophysiological activity, functional analysis, and field tests of new chemicals as possible antagonists of the sex pheromone of the leafminer. The chemicals are methyl ketone (MK) and trifluoromethyl ketone (TFMK) structural analogues of both components of the pheromone. Most of the chemicals exerted per se some electrophysiological activity and inhibited the electroantennographic response to the pheromone when vapors of the inhibitor were passed over the antennae. Except TFMK 3, which elicited a modest effect, the compounds did not exhibit antiesterase activity on the pheromone-degrading enzymes of the antennae, but in the field the chemicals, particularly MK 5, notably decreased the number of catches when mixed with the pheromone in 1:1 and 10:1 ratios, regardless the infestation level of the plot. These results suggest that MK 5 is a good behavioral antagonist of the pheromone to be considered as a putative agent to control the pest in new future integrated pest management (IPM) strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroa Dominguez
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC) , Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Puigmartı́
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC) , Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Pilar Bosch
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC) , Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Rosell
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Unit Associated to CSIC, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona , Avinguda Diagonal s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Crehuet
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC) , Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Ortiz
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, EPSL, University of Jaén , Linares (Jaén), Spain
| | - Carmen Quero
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC) , Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Guerrero
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (CSIC) , Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Lederer F, Vignaud C, North P, Bodevin S. Trifluorosubstrates as mechanistic probes for an FMN-dependent l-2-hydroxy acid-oxidizing enzyme. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2016; 1864:1215-1221. [PMID: 27155230 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A controversy exists with respect to the mechanism of l-2-hydroxy acid oxidation by members of a family of FMN-dependent enzymes. A so-called carbanion mechanism was initially proposed, in which the active site histidine abstracts the substrate α-hydrogen as a proton, followed by electron transfer from the carbanion to the flavin. But an alternative mechanism was not incompatible with some results, a mechanism in which the active site histidine instead picks up the substrate hydroxyl proton and a hydride transfer occurs. Even though more recent experiments ruling out such a mechanism were published (Rao & Lederer (1999) Protein Science 7, 1531-1537), a few authors have subsequently interpreted their results with variant enzymes in terms of a hydride transfer. In the present work, we analyse the reactivity of trifluorolactate, a substrate analogue, with the flavocytochrome b2 (Fcb2) flavodehydrogenase domain, compared to its reactivity with an NAD-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), for which this compound is known to be an inhibitor (Pogolotti & Rupley (1973) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun, 55, 1214-1219). Indeed, electron attraction by the three fluorine atoms should make difficult the removal of the α-H as a hydride. We also analyse the reactivity of trifluoropyruvate with the FMN- and NAD-dependent enzymes. The results substantiate a different effect of the fluorine substituents on the two enzymes compared to their normal substrates. In the discussion we analyse the conclusions of recent papers advocating a hydride transfer mechanism for the family of l-2-hydroxy acid oxidizing FMN-dependent enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Lederer
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie, UPR 9063, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France; Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, CNRS UMR 8000, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
| | - Caroline Vignaud
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie, UPR 9063, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Paul North
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie, UPR 9063, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Sabrina Bodevin
- Laboratoire d'Enzymologie, UPR 9063, CNRS, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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5
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Mears PR, Thomas EJ. Synthesis of C16–C27-fragments of bryostatins modified by 20,20-difluorination. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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6
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Li Y, Peterlin Z, Ho J, Yarnitzky T, Liu MT, Fichman M, Niv MY, Matsunami H, Firestein S, Ryan K. Aldehyde recognition and discrimination by mammalian odorant receptors via functional group-specific hydration chemistry. ACS Chem Biol 2014; 9:2563-71. [PMID: 25181321 PMCID: PMC4245160 DOI: 10.1021/cb400290u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The mammalian odorant
receptors (ORs) form a chemical-detecting
interface between the atmosphere and the nervous system. This large
gene family is composed of hundreds of membrane proteins predicted
to form as many unique small molecule binding niches within their
G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) framework, but very little is known
about the molecular recognition strategies they use to bind and discriminate
between small molecule odorants. Using rationally designed synthetic
analogs of a typical aliphatic aldehyde, we report evidence that among
the ORs showing specificity for the aldehyde functional group, a significant
percentage detect the aldehyde through its ability to react with water
to form a 1,1-geminal (gem)-diol.
Evidence is presented indicating that the rat OR-I7, an often-studied
and modeled OR known to require the aldehyde function of octanal for
activation, is likely one of the gem-diol activated
receptors. A homology model based on an activated GPCR X-ray structure
provides a structural hypothesis for activation of OR-I7 by the gem-diol of octanal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadi Li
- Department
of Chemistry, The City College of New York, and Biochemistry Program, The City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Zita Peterlin
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jianghai Ho
- Department
of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 United States
| | - Tali Yarnitzky
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Food Science, and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith
Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Min Ting Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, The City College of New York, and Biochemistry Program, The City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Merav Fichman
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Food Science, and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith
Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Masha Y. Niv
- Institute
of Biochemistry, Food Science, and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith
Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hiroaki Matsunami
- Department
of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, and Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710 United States
| | - Stuart Firestein
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Kevin Ryan
- Department
of Chemistry, The City College of New York, and Biochemistry Program, The City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, New York 10031, United States
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7
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Han C, Salyer AE, Kim EH, Jiang X, Jarrard RE, Powers MS, Kirchhoff AM, Salvador TK, Chester JA, Hockerman GH, Colby DA. Evaluation of difluoromethyl ketones as agonists of the γ-aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptor. J Med Chem 2013; 56:2456-65. [PMID: 23428109 DOI: 10.1021/jm301805e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and in vivo studies of difluoromethyl ketones as GABAB agonists that are not structurally analogous to known GABAB agonists, such as baclofen or 3-aminopropyl phosphinic acid, are presented. The difluoromethyl ketones were assembled in three synthetic steps using a trifluoroacetate-release aldol reaction. Following evaluation at clinically relevant GABA receptors, we have identified a difluoromethyl ketone that is a potent GABAB agonist, obtained its X-ray structure, and presented preliminary in vivo data in alcohol-preferring mice. The behavioral studies in mice demonstrated that this compound tended to reduce the acoustic startle response, which is consistent with an anxiolytic profile. Structure-activity investigations determined that replacing the fluorines of the difluoromethyl ketone with hydrogens resulted in an inactive analogue. Resolution of the individual enantiomers of the difluoromethyl ketone provided a compound with full biological activity at concentrations less than an order of magnitude greater than the pharmaceutical, baclofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changho Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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8
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Malo EA, Rojas JC, Gago R, Guerrero Á. Inhibition of the responses to sex pheromone of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2013; 13:134. [PMID: 24766416 PMCID: PMC4014043 DOI: 10.1673/031.013.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Trifluoromethyl ketones reversibly inhibit pheromone-degrading esterases in insect olfactory tissues, affecting pheromone detection and behavior of moth males. In this work, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl trifluoromethyl ketone (Z9-14:TFMK), a closely-related analogue of the pheromone of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), was prepared and tested in electroantennogram and field tests as possible inhibitors of the pheromone action. The electroantennogram parameters, amplitude, and the repolarization time of the antennal responses of S. frugiperda males were affected by Z9-14:TFMK vapors. Exposure of male antennae to a stream of air passing through 100 μg of the ketone produced a significant reduction of the amplitude and an increase of 2/3 repolarization time signals to the pheromone. The effect was reversible and dose-dependent. In the field, the analogue significantly decreased the number of males caught when mixed with the pheromone in 10:1 ratio. The results suggest that Z9-14:TFMK is a mating disruptant of S. frugiperda and may be a good candidate to consider in future strategies to control this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edi A Malo
- 1 Departamento de Entomología Tropical, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto Km 2.5, C.P. 30700, Tapachula, Chiapas, México
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9
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Durand N, Carot-Sans G, Bozzolan F, Rosell G, Siaussat D, Debernard S, Chertemps T, Maïbèche-Coisne M. Degradation of pheromone and plant volatile components by a same odorant-degrading enzyme in the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e29147. [PMID: 22216190 PMCID: PMC3246455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Odorant-Degrading Enzymes (ODEs) are supposed to be involved in the signal inactivation step within the olfactory sensilla of insects by quickly removing odorant molecules from the vicinity of the olfactory receptors. Only three ODEs have been both identified at the molecular level and functionally characterized: two were specialized in the degradation of pheromone compounds and the last one was shown to degrade a plant odorant. Methodology Previous work has shown that the antennae of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis, a worldwide pest of agricultural crops, express numerous candidate ODEs. We focused on an esterase overexpressed in males antennae, namely SlCXE7. We studied its expression patterns and tested its catalytic properties towards three odorants, i.e. the two female sex pheromone components and a green leaf volatile emitted by host plants. Conclusion SlCXE7 expression was concomitant during development with male responsiveness to odorants and during adult scotophase with the period of male most active sexual behaviour. Furthermore, SlCXE7 transcription could be induced by male exposure to the main pheromone component, suggesting a role of Pheromone-Degrading Enzyme. Interestingly, recombinant SlCXE7 was able to efficiently hydrolyze the pheromone compounds but also the plant volatile, with a higher affinity for the pheromone than for the plant compound. In male antennae, SlCXE7 expression was associated with both long and short sensilla, tuned to sex pheromones or plant odours, respectively. Our results thus suggested that a same ODE could have a dual function depending of it sensillar localisation. Within the pheromone-sensitive sensilla, SlCXE7 may play a role in pheromone signal termination and in reduction of odorant background noise, whereas it could be involved in plant odorant inactivation within the short sensilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Durand
- UMR-A 1272 Physiologie de l'Insecte, Signalisation et Communication, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Gerard Carot-Sans
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, Spanish Council for Scientific Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Françoise Bozzolan
- UMR-A 1272 Physiologie de l'Insecte, Signalisation et Communication, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Gloria Rosell
- Unit of Medicinal Chemistry Associated (Associated with Spanish Council for Scientific Research), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Siaussat
- UMR-A 1272 Physiologie de l'Insecte, Signalisation et Communication, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- UMR-A 1272 Physiologie de l'Insecte, Signalisation et Communication, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Thomas Chertemps
- UMR-A 1272 Physiologie de l'Insecte, Signalisation et Communication, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Martine Maïbèche-Coisne
- UMR-A 1272 Physiologie de l'Insecte, Signalisation et Communication, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
- * E-mail:
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10
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Muñoz L, Bosch MP, Batllori L, Rosell G, Bosch D, Guerrero A, Avilla J. Synthesis of allylic trifluoromethyl ketones and their activity as inhibitors of the sex pheromone of the leopard moth, Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2011; 67:956-964. [PMID: 21394886 DOI: 10.1002/ps.2139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trifluoromethyl ketones (TFMKs), structurally related to the pheromones, are good inhibitors of pheromone communication in insects. To determine their activity on Zeuzera pyrina L. (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), a polyphagous pest, the authors have prepared two diunsaturated TFMK analogues of the major (3) and the minor (4) pheromone components, and two monounsaturated ones (5, 6). Their biological activity in electroantennogram (EAG), wind tunnel and field tests is presented. RESULTS The synthetic strategy to obtain the allylic TFMKs 3 and 5 is based on the reactions of diene 10 and 1-octadecene with trifluoroacetaldehyde ethyl hemiacetal, followed by Dess-Martin oxidation of the resulting homoallylic trifluoromethyl alcohols. In EAG, topical application of analogues 3 and 4 on male antennae significantly reduced the pheromone response. In the wind tunnel, compound 4 reduced the number of contacts with the pheromone source. In the field, traps baited with mixtures of pheromone and inhibitors captured significantly fewer males than the pheromone alone. CONCLUSION An efficient synthesis of allylic TFMKs is reported, with good overall yield, regiospecificity and diastereoselectivity. These compounds are good inhibitors of the pheromone in electrophysiology, wind tunnel and field tests. The results show the importance of two unsaturations at positions 2 and 13 of the trifluoroacyl group in the structure of the analogues, the latter being critical for inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Muñoz
- Departament de Quimica Biològica i Modelització Molecular (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Durand N, Carot-Sans G, Chertemps T, Bozzolan F, Party V, Renou M, Debernard S, Rosell G, Maïbèche-Coisne M. Characterization of an antennal carboxylesterase from the pest moth Spodoptera littoralis degrading a host plant odorant. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15026. [PMID: 21124773 PMCID: PMC2993938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carboxyl/cholinesterases (CCEs) are highly diversified in insects. These enzymes have a broad range of proposed functions, in neuro/developmental processes, dietary detoxification, insecticide resistance or hormone/pheromone degradation. As few functional data are available on purified or recombinant CCEs, the physiological role of most of these enzymes is unknown. Concerning their role in olfaction, only two CCEs able to metabolize sex pheromones have been functionally characterized in insects. These enzymes are only expressed in the male antennae, and secreted into the lumen of the pheromone-sensitive sensilla. CCEs able to hydrolyze other odorants than sex pheromones, such as plant volatiles, have not been identified. METHODOLOGY In Spodoptera littoralis, a major crop pest, a diversity of antennal CCEs has been previously identified. We have employed here a combination of molecular biology, biochemistry and electrophysiology approaches to functionally characterize an intracellular CCE, SlCXE10, whose predominant expression in the olfactory sensilla suggested a role in olfaction. A recombinant protein was produced using the baculovirus system and we tested its catabolic properties towards a plant volatile and the sex pheromone components. CONCLUSION We showed that SlCXE10 could efficiently hydrolyze a green leaf volatile and to a lesser extent the sex pheromone components. The transcript level in male antennae was also strongly induced by exposure to this plant odorant. In antennae, SlCXE10 expression was associated with sensilla responding to the sex pheromones and to plant odours. These results suggest that a CCE-based intracellular metabolism of odorants could occur in insect antennae, in addition to the extracellular metabolism occurring within the sensillar lumen. This is the first functional characterization of an Odorant-Degrading Enzyme active towards a host plant volatile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Durand
- UMR-A 1272 UPMC-INRA Physiologie de l'Insecte, Université Pierre et Marie Curie and INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Gerard Carot-Sans
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modelling, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Chertemps
- UMR-A 1272 UPMC-INRA Physiologie de l'Insecte, Université Pierre et Marie Curie and INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Françoise Bozzolan
- UMR-A 1272 UPMC-INRA Physiologie de l'Insecte, Université Pierre et Marie Curie and INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Virginie Party
- UMR-A 1272 UPMC-INRA Physiologie de l'Insecte, Université Pierre et Marie Curie and INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Michel Renou
- UMR-A 1272 UPMC-INRA Physiologie de l'Insecte, Université Pierre et Marie Curie and INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Stéphane Debernard
- UMR-A 1272 UPMC-INRA Physiologie de l'Insecte, Université Pierre et Marie Curie and INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
| | - Gloria Rosell
- Unit of Medicinal Chemistry (associated with CSIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martine Maïbèche-Coisne
- UMR-A 1272 UPMC-INRA Physiologie de l'Insecte, Université Pierre et Marie Curie and INRA, Paris and Versailles, France
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12
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Rayo J, Muñoz L, Rosell G, Hammock BD, Guerrero A, Luque FJ, Pouplana R. Reactivity versus steric effects in fluorinated ketones as esterase inhibitors: a quantum mechanical and molecular dynamics study. J Mol Model 2010; 16:1753-64. [PMID: 20676708 PMCID: PMC3014912 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Carboxylesterases (CEs) are a family of ubiquitous enzymes with broad substrate specificity, and their inhibition may have important implications in pharmaceutical and agrochemical fields. One of the most potent inhibitors both for mammalian and insect CEs are trifluoromethyl ketones (TFMKs), but the mechanism of action of these chemicals is not completely understood. This study examines the balance between reactivity versus steric effects in modulating the activity against human carboxylesterase 1. The intrinsic reactivity of the ketone moiety is determined from quantum mechanical computations, which combine gas phase B3LYP calculations with hydration free energies estimated with the IEF/MST model. In addition, docking and molecular dynamics simulations are used to explore the binding mode of the inhibitors along the deep gorge that delineates the binding site. The results point out that the activity largely depends on the nature of the fluorinated ketone, since the activity is modulated by the balance between the intrinsic electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon atom and the ratio between keto and hydrate forms. However, the results also suggest that the correct alignment of the alkyl chain in the binding site can exert a large influence on the inhibitory activity, as this effect seems to override the intrinsic reactivity features of the fluorinated ketone. Overall, the results sustain a subtle balance between reactivity and steric effects in modulating the inhibitory activity of TFMK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Rayo
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, IQAC (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Muñoz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, IQAC (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Rosell
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Unity Associated to CSIC, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Angel Guerrero
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modeling, IQAC (CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F. Javier Luque
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Pouplana
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Rosa E, Guerrero A, Bosch MP, Julià L. EPR/spin-trapping study of free radical intermediates in the photolysis of trifluoromethyl ketones with initiators. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2010; 48:198-204. [PMID: 20058258 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Photolysis of trifluoromethyl ketones (TFMKs) 1a-1e versus the non-fluorinated ketones 2a-2b in the presence of radical initiators by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy has been studied for the first time. The transient radicals generated after irradiation of the ketones were identified by trapping with 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane (MNP) and 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylnitrosobenzene (TTBNB) as spin traps. TTBNB is a powerful, particularly useful spin trap in these kinds of processes producing anilino and nitroxyl spin adducts due to the ambivalent reactivity on the N and O atoms. In the presence of t-butylperoxide, short-chain TFMKs, such as 1,1,1-trifluoroacetone (1d) and hexafluoroacetone (1e), give rise to detection of the elusive trifluoromethyl radical. In contrast, long-chain TFMKs did not provide clues to prove formation of the trifluoromethyl radical but instead to radicals derived by abstraction of one alpha-methylene proton to the carbonyl. Although TFMKs are quite stable to photodegradation in the absence of initiator, methyl ketone 2b and phenyl ketone 3 produce radicals resulting from abstraction of a gamma-hydrogen to the carbonyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Rosa
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Modellization, IQAC (CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Wheelock CE, Nishi K, Ying A, Jones PD, Colvin ME, Olmstead MM, Hammock BD. Influence of sulfur oxidation state and steric bulk upon trifluoromethyl ketone (TFK) binding kinetics to carboxylesterases and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:2114-30. [PMID: 18023188 PMCID: PMC2720161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.10.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 10/12/2007] [Accepted: 10/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Carboxylesterases metabolize numerous exogenous and endogenous ester-containing compounds including the chemotherapeutic agent CPT-11, anti-influenza viral agent oseltamivir, and many agrochemicals. Trifluoromethyl ketone (TFK)-containing compounds with a sulfur atom beta to the ketone moiety are some of the most potent carboxylesterase and amidase inhibitors identified to date. This study examined the effects of alkyl chain length (i.e., steric effects) and sulfur oxidation state upon TFK inhibitor potency (IC50) and binding kinetics (k(i)). The selective carboxylesterase inhibitor benzil was used as a non-TFK containing control. These effects were examined using two commercial esterases (porcine and rabbit liver esterase) and two human recombinant esterases (hCE-1 and hCE-2) as well as human recombinant fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). In addition, the inhibition mechanism was examined using a combination of 1H NMR, X-ray crystallography, and ab initio calculations. Overall, the data show that while sulfur oxidation state profoundly affects both inhibitor potency and binding kinetics, the steric effects dominate and override the contributions of sulfur oxidation. In addition, the data suggest that inclusion of a sulfur atom beta to the ketone contributes an increase (approximately 5-fold) in inhibitor potency due to effects upon ketone hydration and/or intramolecular hydrogen bond formation. These results provide further information on the nature of the TFK binding interaction and will be useful in increasing our understanding of this basic biochemical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig E. Wheelock
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Scheeles väg 2 SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kosuke Nishi
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Andy Ying
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Paul D. Jones
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Michael E. Colvin
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, CA 95344
| | | | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Merlin C, Rosell G, Carot-Sans G, François MC, Bozzolan F, Pelletier J, Jacquin-Joly E, Guerrero A, Maïbèche-Coisne M. Antennal esterase cDNAs from two pest moths, Spodoptera littoralis and Sesamia nonagrioides, potentially involved in odourant degradation. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2007; 16:73-81. [PMID: 17257210 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2006.00702.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Rapid degradation of odours after interaction with olfactory receptors is a critical step of the signal reception process. However, the implied mechanisms are still largely unknown in vertebrates as well as in insects. Involvement of odourant-degrading enzymes in odourant degradation within the antennae has been shown in some insect species and, in particular, esterases could play a key role in degradation of sex pheromones from Lepidoptera. Using a PCR-based strategy, we isolated cDNAs encoding two new esterases from two moths which used acetates as pheromone compounds: the Egyptian armyworm Spodoptera littoralis and the Mediterranean corn borer Sesamia nonagrioides. In antennae, both transcripts were clearly restricted to olfactory sensilla, suggesting their involvement in the degradation of odourant acetate components.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Merlin
- Unité 1272, UPMC-INRA-INA.PG, Physiologie de l'Insecte: Signalisation et Communication, Centre INRA, France
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16
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Jiménez O, Bosch MP, Guerrero A. A new, mild, and efficient synthesis of 2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxyacids through a selective haloform reaction. J Org Chem 2006; 70:10883-5. [PMID: 16356015 DOI: 10.1021/jo0518856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Long-chain 2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxyacids have been synthesized in a new, straightforward manner by treatment of 4-hydroxy-1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoroalkyl ketones, easily obtained by reaction of pentafluoroenolate 2 with aldehydes and ketones, with base under mild conditions. The reaction sequence is marked by the selective cleavage of the CO-CF3 bond, as well as the absence of products arising from the alternative CO-CF2R bond cleavage. The process represents a convenient approach for the synthesis of 2,2-difluoro-3-hydroxyacids, as it is short, provides good to excellent yields under mild conditions, and uses hexafluoro-2-propanol, a very cheap reagent, as the fluorine source.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Jiménez
- Barcelona Science Parc, University of Barcelona, Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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Muñoz L, Rosa E, Bosch MP, Guerrero A. A new, practical and efficient sulfone-mediated synthesis of trifluoromethyl ketones from alkyl and alkenyl bromides. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Riba M, Sans A, Solé J, Muñoz L, Bosch MP, Rosell G, Guerrero A. Antagonism of pheromone response of Ostrinia nubilalis males and implications on behavior in the laboratory and in the field. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2005; 53:1158-1165. [PMID: 15713034 DOI: 10.1021/jf048994q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The antagonistic effect on the pheromone response and catabolism of male European corn borers, Ostrinia nubilalis, by several trifluoromethyl ketones is reported. (Z)-11-Tetradecenyl trifluoromethyl ketone (Z11-14:TFMK), the most closely related analogue of the main component of the pheromone, elicits a remarkable disruptive effect on close approach and source contact of males flying to a source baited with mixtures of the pheromone and the antagonist in 5:1 and 10:1 ratios. In this experiment, the male displayed an erratic flight track with frequent counter turns and intersections with the plume. In the field, the TFMK significantly lowered the number of males caught when mixed with the pheromone in a 10:1 ratio in comparison with the natural attractant. The compound was also a good inhibitor of the antennal esterase of the insect with a IC(50) value of 0.28 muM. The homologous (Z)-10-tridecenyl trifluoromethyl ketone, with one carbon less in the chain, also elicited an antagonistic effect in the wind tunnel, but in the field, the results were not conclusive. The effect induced was lower than the one displayed by Z11-14:TFMK including the activity as the esterase inhibitor (IC(50) value of 7.55 muM). The saturated tetradecyl trifluoromethyl ketone, tetradecyltrifluoropyruvamide, and (Z)-11-2-thiatetradecenyl trifluoromethyl ketone resulted completely inactive. The results obtained in conjunction to the previously shown low toxicity to mice by related trifluoromethyl ketones provide new important data for the putative utilization of these chemicals as new pest control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magi Riba
- Universitat de Lleida, Centre UdL-IRTA, Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
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Olivella S, Solé A, Jiménez O, Bosch MP, Guerrero A. New Selective Haloform-type Reaction Yielding 3-Hydroxy-2,2-difluoroacids: Theoretical Study of the Mechanism. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:2620-7. [PMID: 15725018 DOI: 10.1021/ja043522d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Experimental results of an unprecedented haloform-type reaction in which 4-alkyl-4-hydroxy-3,3-difluoromethyl trifluoromethyl ketones undergo base-promoted selective cleavage of the CO-CF(3) bond, yielding 3-hydroxy-2,2-difluoroacids and fluoroform, are rationalized using DFT (B3LYP) calculations. The gas-phase addition of hydroxide ion to 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-4-hydroxypentan-2-one (R) is found to be a barrierless process, yielding a tetrahedral intermediate (INT), involving a DeltaG(r)(298 K) of -61.4 kcal/mol. The CO-CF(3) bond cleavage in INT leads to a hydrogen-bonded [CH(3)CHOHCF(2)CO(2)H...CF(3)](-) complex by passage through a transition structure (TS1) with a DeltaG()(298 K) of 20.8 kcal/mol and a DeltaG(r)(298 K) of 9.8 kcal/mol. This complex undergoes a proton transfer between its components, yielding a hydrogen-bonded [CH(3)CHOHCF(2)CO(2)...CHF(3)](-) complex. This process has associated with it a DeltaG()(298 K) of only 3.1 kcal/mol and a DeltaG(r)(298 K) of -43.3 kcal/mol. The CO-CF(2) bond cleavage in INT leads to a hydrogen-bonded [CH(3)CHOHCF(2)...CF(3)CO(2)H](-) complex by passage through a transition structure (TS3) with a DeltaG()(298 K) of 29.2 kcal/mol and a DeltaG(r)(298 K) of 25.1 kcal/mol. The lower energy barrier found for CO-CF(3) bond cleavage in INT is ascribed to the larger number of fluorine atoms stabilizing the negative charge accumulated on the CF(3) moiety of TS1, as compared to the number of fluorine atoms stabilizing the negative charge on the CH(3)CHOHCF(2) moiety of TS3. The solvent-induced effects on the two pathways, introduced within the SCRF formalism through PCM calculations, do not reverse the predicted preference of the CO-CF(3) over the CO-CF(2) bond cleavage of R in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Olivella
- Departament de Química Orgànica Biologica, Institut d'Investigacions Químiques i Ambientals de Barcelona, CSIC, Jordi Girona 18, 08034-Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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Pesenti C, Viani F. The Influence of Fluorinated Molecules (Semiochemicals and Enzyme Substrate Analogues) on the Insect Communication System. Chembiochem 2004; 5:590-613. [PMID: 15122631 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200300829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Can the introduction of fluorine atoms affect the bioactivity of natural semiochemicals? Can fluorine contribute in the creation of specific enzyme inhibitors to interrupt or disrupt the insect communication system? The first step for the bioactivity of a molecule is interaction with the biological sensor. Hydrogen and fluorine are almost bioisosteric and the receptor site of the enzyme can still recognize and accept the fluoro analogue of its natural substrate. However, the peculiar electronegativity of the fluorine atom can affect the binding, absorption, and transport of the molecule. The differences in the molecule's electronic properties can lead to differences in the chemical interactions between the receptor and the fluorinated substrate. Fluorine introduction can modify the metabolic stability and pathway of the semiochemicals in many different ways. Fluorinated analogues can show synergism, inhibition, or hyperagonism effects on insect behaviors, that is, the activity of the nonfluorinated parent compounds can be mimicked, lost, or increased. In any case, the fluorinated molecules can interact with the bioreceptors in a new and disrupting way. The semiochemicals are olfactory substances: fluorine can affect their volatility or smell. Production of semiochemicals from exogenous substances, perception at antennal receptors, and processing of biological responses are the main steps of communication among insects. In the production step, the fluorinated molecules can interact with enzymes that catalyze the biosynthesis of the natural pheromones. In the perception step, fluorinated semiochemicals can interact with the olfactory receptor cells; this often leads to totally unpredictable behaviors. Fluorinated molecules have been developed as probes to elucidate the complex chemorecognition processes of insects. Many of these molecules have been tested to find highly effective behavior-modifying chemicals. New analogues have been synthesized to investigate the metabolic pathway of a pheromone molecule and many of them are promising disrupting agents. Despite such titanic research efforts, the results have often been random, rational trends in the induced behaviors have sometimes been impossible to find, and practical applications of the fluorinated semiochemicals are still uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Pesenti
- Istituto di Chimica per il Riconoscimento Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
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