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Endo H, Ono M, Takado Y, Matsuoka K, Takahashi M, Tagai K, Kataoka Y, Hirata K, Takahata K, Seki C, Kokubo N, Fujinaga M, Mori W, Nagai Y, Mimura K, Kumata K, Kikuchi T, Shimozawa A, Mishra SK, Yamaguchi Y, Shimizu H, Kakita A, Takuwa H, Shinotoh H, Shimada H, Kimura Y, Ichise M, Suhara T, Minamimoto T, Sahara N, Kawamura K, Zhang MR, Hasegawa M, Higuchi M. Imaging α-synuclein pathologies in animal models and patients with Parkinson's and related diseases. Neuron 2024; 112:2540-2557.e8. [PMID: 38843838 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Deposition of α-synuclein fibrils is implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), while in vivo detection of α-synuclein pathologies in these illnesses has been challenging. Here, we have developed a small-molecule ligand, C05-05, for visualizing α-synuclein deposits in the brains of living subjects. In vivo optical and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of mouse and marmoset models demonstrated that C05-05 captured a dynamic propagation of fibrillogenesis along neural pathways, followed by disruptions of these structures. High-affinity binding of 18F-C05-05 to α-synuclein aggregates in human brain tissues was also proven by in vitro assays. Notably, PET-detectable 18F-C05-05 signals were intensified in the midbrains of PD and DLB patients as compared with healthy controls, providing the first demonstration of visualizing α-synuclein pathologies in these illnesses. Collectively, we propose a new imaging technology offering neuropathology-based translational assessments of PD and allied disorders toward diagnostic and therapeutic research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Endo
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Maiko Ono
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuhei Takado
- Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Matsuoka
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Manami Takahashi
- Quantum Neuromapping and Neuromodulation Team, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Tagai
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kosei Hirata
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takahata
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
| | - Chie Seki
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Naomi Kokubo
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Wakana Mori
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Koki Mimura
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Research Center for Medical and Health Data Science, The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tokyo 190-8562, Japan
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kikuchi
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Aki Shimozawa
- Department of Dementia and Higher Brain Function, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Sushil K Mishra
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Division of Structural Glycobiology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 981-8558, Miyagi Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimizu
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takuwa
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Quantum Neuromapping and Neuromodulation Team, Institute for Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shinotoh
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Neurology Clinic, Chiba 260-0045, Chiba Japan
| | - Hitoshi Shimada
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Functional Neurology & Neurosurgery, Center for Integrated Human Brain Science, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kimura
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Ichise
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suhara
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Sahara
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawamura
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masato Hasegawa
- Department of Dementia and Higher Brain Function, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Advanced Neuroimaging Center, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Neuroetiology and Diagnostic Science, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
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2
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Kawamura K, Yamasaki T, Fujinaga M, Kokufuta T, Zhang Y, Mori W, Kurihara Y, Ogawa M, Tsukagoe K, Nengaki N, Zhang MR. Automated radiosynthesis and in vivo evaluation of 18F-labeled analog of the photosensitizer ADPM06 for planning photodynamic therapy. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2023; 8:14. [PMID: 37458904 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-023-00199-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A family of BF2-chelated tetraaryl-azadipyrromethenes was developed as non-porphyrin photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. Among the developed photosensitizers, ADPM06 exhibited excellent photochemical and photophysical properties. Molecular imaging is a useful tool for photodynamic therapy planning and monitoring. Radiolabeled photosensitizers can efficiently address photosensitizer biodistribution, providing helpful information for photodynamic therapy planning. To evaluate the biodistribution of ADPM06 and predict its pharmacokinetics on photodynamic therapy with light irradiation immediately after administration, we synthesized [18F]ADPM06 and evaluated its in vivo properties. RESULTS [18F]ADPM06 was automatically synthesized by Lewis acid-assisted isotopic 18F-19F exchange using ADPM06 and tin (IV) chloride at room temperature for 10 min. Radiolabeling was carried out using 0.4 μmol of ADPM06 and 200 μmol of tin (IV) chloride. The radiosynthesis time was approximately 60 min, and the radiochemical purity was > 95% at the end of the synthesis. The decay-corrected radiochemical yield from [18F]F- at the start of synthesis was 13 ± 2.7% (n = 5). In the biodistribution study of male ddY mice, radioactivity levels in the heart, lungs, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney, small intestine, muscle, and brain gradually decreased over 120 min after the initial uptake. The mean radioactivity level in the thighbone was the highest among all organs investigated and increased for 120 min after injection. Upon co-injection with ADPM06, the radioactivity levels in the blood and brain significantly increased, whereas those in the heart, lung, liver, pancreas, kidney, small intestine, muscle, and thighbone of male ddY mice were not affected. In the metabolite analysis of the plasma at 30 min post-injection in female BALB/c-nu/nu mice, the percentage of radioactivity corresponding to [18F]ADPM06 was 76.3 ± 1.6% (n = 3). In a positron emission tomography study using MDA-MB-231-HTB-26 tumor-bearing mice (female BALB/c-nu/nu), radioactivity accumulated in the bone at a relatively high level and in the tumor at a moderate level for 60 min after injection. CONCLUSIONS We synthesized [18F]ADPM06 using an automated 18F-labeling synthesizer and evaluated the initial uptake and pharmacokinetics of ADPM06 using biodistribution of [18F]ADPM06 in mice to guide photodynamic therapy with light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kawamura
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kokufuta
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Wakana Mori
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurihara
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., 7-1-1 Nishigotanda, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Masanao Ogawa
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., 7-1-1 Nishigotanda, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Kaito Tsukagoe
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., 7-1-1 Nishigotanda, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., 7-1-1 Nishigotanda, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
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Yamasaki T, Ishii H, Hiraishi A, Kumata K, Wakizaka H, Zhang Y, Kurihara Y, Ogawa M, Nengaki N, Chen J, Li Y, Liang S, Zhang MR. Small-animal PET study for noninvasive quantification of transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein γ-8 (TARP γ-8) in the brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:893-904. [PMID: 36655318 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231152025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein γ-8 (TARP γ-8) mediates various AMPA receptor functions. Recently, [11C]TARP-2105 was developed as a PET ligand for TARP γ-8 imaging. We performed a full kinetic analysis of [11C]TARP-2105 using PET with [11C]TARP-2105 for the first time. The distribution volume (VT), which is a macro parameter consisting of the K1-k4 rate constants in the two-tissue compartment model analysis, exhibited the following rank order: hippocampus (1.4 ± 0.3) > amygdala (1.0 ± 0.2) > frontal cortex (0.9 ± 0.2) > striatum (0.8 ± 0.2) ≫ cerebellum (0.5 ± 0.1) ≈ thalamus (0.5 ± 0.1) > pons (0.4 ± 0.1 mL/cm3). These heterogenous VT values corresponded with the order of biological distribution of TARP γ-8 in the brain. To validate the reference tissue model, the binding potential (BPND) of [11C]TARP-2105 for TARP γ-8 was estimated using general methods (SRTM, MRTM0, Logan reference model, and ratio method). These BPNDs based on reference models indicated excellent correlation (R2 > 0.9) to the indirect BPNDs based on 2TCM with moderate reproducibility (%variability ≈ 10). PET with [11C]TARP-2105 enabled noninvasive BPND estimation and visual mapping of TARP γ-8 in the living rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsuto Hiraishi
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Wakizaka
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurihara
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanao Ogawa
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiahui Chen
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yinlong Li
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Steven Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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4
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Li F, Hicks JW, Yu L, Desjardin L, Morrison L, Hadway J, Lee TY. Plasma radio-metabolite analysis of PET tracers for dynamic PET imaging: TLC and autoradiography. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:141. [PMID: 33226509 PMCID: PMC7683627 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In molecular imaging with dynamic PET, the binding and dissociation of a targeted tracer is characterized by kinetics modeling which requires the arterial concentration of the tracer to be measured accurately. Once in the body the radiolabeled parent tracer may be subjected to hydrolysis, demethylation/dealkylation and other biochemical processes, resulting in the production and accumulation of different metabolites in blood which can be labeled with the same PET radionuclide as the parent. Since these radio-metabolites cannot be distinguished by PET scanning from the parent tracer, their contribution to the arterial concentration curve has to be removed for the accurate estimation of kinetic parameters from kinetic analysis of dynamic PET. High-performance liquid chromatography has been used to separate and measure radio-metabolites in blood plasma; however, the method is labor intensive and remains a challenge to implement for each individual patient. The purpose of this study is to develop an alternate technique based on thin layer chromatography (TLC) and a sensitive commercial autoradiography system (Beaver, Ai4R, Nantes, France) to measure radio-metabolites in blood plasma of two targeted tracers-[18F]FAZA and [18F]FEPPA, for imaging hypoxia and inflammation, respectively. RESULTS Radioactivity as low as 17 Bq in 2 µL of pig's plasma can be detected on the TLC plate using autoradiography. Peaks corresponding to the parent tracer and radio-metabolites could be distinguished in the line profile through each sample (n = 8) in the autoradiographic image. Significant intersubject and intra-subject variability in radio-metabolites production could be observed with both tracers. For [18F]FEPPA, 50% of plasma activity was from radio-metabolites as early as 5-min post injection, while for [18F]FAZA, significant metabolites did not appear until 50-min post. Simulation study investigating the effect of radio-metabolite in the estimation of kinetic parameters indicated that 32-400% parameter error can result without radio-metabolites correction. CONCLUSION TLC coupled with autoradiography is a good alternative to high-performance liquid chromatography for radio-metabolite correction. The advantages of requiring only small blood samples (~ 100 μL) and of analyzing multiple samples simultaneously, make the method suitable for individual dynamic PET studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Li
- Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, Grosvenor Campus, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Justin W Hicks
- Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, Grosvenor Campus, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Lihai Yu
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Grosvenor Campus, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Lise Desjardin
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Grosvenor Campus, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Laura Morrison
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Grosvenor Campus, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada
| | - Jennifer Hadway
- Lawson Health Research Institute, Grosvenor Campus, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada.,Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ting-Yim Lee
- Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Western University, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada. .,Lawson Health Research Institute, Grosvenor Campus, 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada. .,Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.
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5
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Tagai K, Ono M, Kubota M, Kitamura S, Takahata K, Seki C, Takado Y, Shinotoh H, Sano Y, Yamamoto Y, Matsuoka K, Takuwa H, Shimojo M, Takahashi M, Kawamura K, Kikuchi T, Okada M, Akiyama H, Suzuki H, Onaya M, Takeda T, Arai K, Arai N, Araki N, Saito Y, Trojanowski JQ, Lee VMY, Mishra SK, Yamaguchi Y, Kimura Y, Ichise M, Tomita Y, Zhang MR, Suhara T, Shigeta M, Sahara N, Higuchi M, Shimada H. High-Contrast In Vivo Imaging of Tau Pathologies in Alzheimer's and Non-Alzheimer's Disease Tauopathies. Neuron 2020; 109:42-58.e8. [PMID: 33125873 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A panel of radiochemicals has enabled in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) of tau pathologies in Alzheimer's disease (AD), although sensitive detection of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) tau inclusions has been unsuccessful. Here, we generated an imaging probe, PM-PBB3, for capturing diverse tau deposits. In vitro assays demonstrated the reactivity of this compound with tau pathologies in AD and FTLD. We could also utilize PM-PBB3 for optical/PET imaging of a living murine tauopathy model. A subsequent clinical PET study revealed increased binding of 18F-PM-PBB3 in diseased patients, reflecting cortical-dominant AD and subcortical-dominant progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) tau topologies. Notably, the in vivo reactivity of 18F-PM-PBB3 with FTLD tau inclusion was strongly supported by neuropathological examinations of brains derived from Pick's disease, PSP, and corticobasal degeneration patients who underwent PET scans. Finally, visual inspection of 18F-PM-PBB3-PET images was indicated to facilitate individually based identification of diverse clinical phenotypes of FTLD on a neuropathological basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Tagai
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Maiko Ono
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Manabu Kubota
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Soichiro Kitamura
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takahata
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
| | - Chie Seki
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuhei Takado
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Shinotoh
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Neurology Clinic Chiba, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sano
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Yamamoto
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Matsuoka
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takuwa
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masafumi Shimojo
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Manami Takahashi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawamura
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kikuchi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Maki Okada
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Akiyama
- Dementia Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Hisaomi Suzuki
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-0016, Japan; National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba 266-0007, Japan
| | - Mitsumoto Onaya
- National Hospital Organization Shimofusa Psychiatric Medical Center, Chiba 266-0007, Japan
| | - Takahiro Takeda
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Chibahigashi National Hospital, Chiba 260-8712, Japan
| | - Kimihito Arai
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Chibahigashi National Hospital, Chiba 260-8712, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Arai
- Laboratory of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Araki
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Chibahigashi National Hospital, Chiba 260-8712, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- National Center of Neurology and Pathology Brain Bank, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 187-8551, Japan
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research and Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Virginia M Y Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research and Institute on Aging, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sushil K Mishra
- Glycoscience Group, National University of Ireland, Galway H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Physical Chemistry, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kimura
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Masanori Ichise
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | | | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suhara
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shigeta
- Department of Psychiatry, The Jikei University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Naruhiko Sahara
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Hitoshi Shimada
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Yamasaki T, Ohya T, Mori W, Zhang Y, Wakizaka H, Nengaki N, Fujinaga M, Kikuchi T, Zhang MR. Development of an In Vivo Method to Estimate Effective Drug Doses and Quantify Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase in Rodent Brain using Positron Emission Tomography Tracer [ 11C]DFMC. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 373:353-360. [PMID: 32241809 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.263772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is a key enzyme in the endocannabinoid system. N-(3,4-Dimethylisoxazol-5-yl)piperazine-4-[4-(2-fluoro-4-[11C]methylphenyl)thiazol-2-yl]-1-carboxamide ([11C]DFMC) was developed as an irreversible-type positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for FAAH. Here, we attempted to noninvasively estimate rate constant k3 (rate of transfer to the specifically-bound compartment) as a direct index for FAAH in the rat brain. First, the two-tissue compartment model analysis including three parameters [K1-k3, two-tissue compartment model for the irreversible-type radiotracer (2TCMi)] in PET study with [11C]DFMC was conducted, which provided 0.21 ± 0.04 ml·cm-3·min-1 of the net uptake value (Ki), an indirect index for FAAH, in the FAAH-richest region (the cingulate cortex). Subsequently, to noninvasively estimate Ki value, the reference model analysis (Patlak graphical analysis reference model) was tried using a time-activity curve of the spinal cord. In that result, the noninvasive Ki value (KREF) was concisely estimated with high correlation (r > 0.95) to Ki values based on 2TCMi. Using estimated KREF value, we tried to obtain calculated-k3 based on previously defined equations. The calculated k3 was successfully estimated with high correlation (r = 0.95) to direct k3 in 2TCMi. Finally, the dose relationship study using calculated k3 demonstrated that in vivo ED50 value of [3-(3-carbamoylphenyl)phenyl] N-cyclohexylcarbamate, a major inhibitor of FAAH, was 66.4 µg/kg in rat brain. In conclusion, we proposed the calculated k3 as an alternative index corresponding to regional FAAH concentrations and suggested that PET with [11C]DFMC enables occupancy study for new pharmaceuticals targeting FAAH. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In the present study, we proposed calculated k3 as an alternative index corresponding with fatty acid amide hydrolase concentration. By using calculated k3, in vivo ED50 of [3-(3-carbamoylphenyl)phenyl] N-cyclohexylcarbamate was successfully estimated to be 66.4 µg/kg for rats. Thus, we demonstrated the pharmacological utility of positron emission tomography with N-(3,4-dimethylisoxazol-5-yl)piperazine-4-[4-(2-fluoro-4-[11C]methylphenyl)thiazol-2-yl]-1-carboxamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (T.Y., T.O., W.M., Y.Z., H.W., N.N., M.F., T.K., M.-R.Z.) and SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (N.N.)
| | - Tomoyuki Ohya
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (T.Y., T.O., W.M., Y.Z., H.W., N.N., M.F., T.K., M.-R.Z.) and SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (N.N.)
| | - Wakana Mori
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (T.Y., T.O., W.M., Y.Z., H.W., N.N., M.F., T.K., M.-R.Z.) and SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (N.N.)
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (T.Y., T.O., W.M., Y.Z., H.W., N.N., M.F., T.K., M.-R.Z.) and SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (N.N.)
| | - Hidekatsu Wakizaka
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (T.Y., T.O., W.M., Y.Z., H.W., N.N., M.F., T.K., M.-R.Z.) and SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (N.N.)
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (T.Y., T.O., W.M., Y.Z., H.W., N.N., M.F., T.K., M.-R.Z.) and SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (N.N.)
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (T.Y., T.O., W.M., Y.Z., H.W., N.N., M.F., T.K., M.-R.Z.) and SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (N.N.)
| | - Tatsuya Kikuchi
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (T.Y., T.O., W.M., Y.Z., H.W., N.N., M.F., T.K., M.-R.Z.) and SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (N.N.)
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Advanced Nuclear Medicine Sciences, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Quantum Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan (T.Y., T.O., W.M., Y.Z., H.W., N.N., M.F., T.K., M.-R.Z.) and SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan (N.N.)
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Osovizky A, Laster B, Wilson AA, Bloomfield P, Sarusi B, Vasdev N, Bell T, Garcia A, Houle S. New detection configuration for low activity levels of PET tracers during the analysis of plasma samples. Appl Radiat Isot 2019; 151:317-330. [PMID: 31376719 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new radio-HPLC detection system for measuring radioactivity in plasma samples during Positron Emission Tomography [PET] studies was developed. It is based on detecting both the positron and one of the annihilation photons. The system focused on improving the measurement of radioactivity concentrations on an unmetabolized positron emitting a radiopharmaceutical [PER] in the presence of its radioactive metabolites, all containing the same positron emitter. This paper presents a new detection configuration that improves the minimal detectible activity (MDA), simplify the measuring systems and reduces the error caused by the metabolites. The detector is based on a plastic scintillator and a BGO scintillation crystal, that produces different light output spectra for signal and noise events. By summing the positron and the annihilated photon light outputs, different spectra are obtained for the metabolite and for the parent compound tracer and for tracer marked by different positron emitting isotopes. This new detection system can improve quantitative analysis of plasma samples. The spectrum change provides up to a three-fold improvement in sensitivity compared to the currently used detection systems that measure only the annihilation coincidence events. Results showed that for 11C the MDA was improved by approximately 520%. Furthermore, it provides the additional advantage of reliability by providing a method for separating the signal and noise readings from the gross detector readout. Accurate reconstruction algorithm of the signal was achieved over a wide measuring range even when the signal was only 5% of the gross measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Osovizky
- Jerry J. Cohen Radiobiology Research Laboratory, Nuclear Engineering Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Rotem Industries Ltd, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - B Laster
- Jerry J. Cohen Radiobiology Research Laboratory, Nuclear Engineering Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
| | - A A Wilson
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Bloomfield
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - B Sarusi
- Rotem Industries Ltd, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - N Vasdev
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - T Bell
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Garcia
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Houle
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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8
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Kawamura K, Mori W, Fujinaga M, Yamasaki T, Zhang Y, Wakizaka H, Hatori A, Xie L, Kumata K, Ohkubo T, Kurihara Y, Ogawa M, Nengaki N, Zhang MR. Radiosynthesis and in vivo evaluation of 11C-labeled BMS-193885 and its desmethyl analog as PET tracers for neuropeptide Y1 receptors. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2019; 4:4. [PMID: 31659508 PMCID: PMC6379498 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-019-0056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been implicated in a wide variety of physiological processes, including feeding, learning, memory, emotion, cardiovascular homeostasis, hormone secretion, and circadian rhythms. NPY Yl receptor (NPY Y1-R) is the most widely studied NPY receptor, and is involved in many of these processes. BMS-193885 (1) was previously developed as a potent and selective NPY Y1-R antagonist, which has good systemic bioavailability and brain penetration. To evaluate the characteristics of 1 in vivo, we developed 11C-labeled BMS-193885 ([11C]1) and its desmethyl analog ([11C]2) for potential use as two new positron emission tomography (PET) tracers. RESULTS [11C]1 was synthesized from [11C]methyl iodide using 2. [11C]2 was synthesized from [11C]phosgene using its aniline and amine derivatives. The mean ± S.D. decay-corrected radiochemical yields of [11C]1 and [11C]2 from 11CO2 at the end of radionuclide production were 23 ± 3.2% (n = 6) and 24 ± 1.5% (n = 4), respectively. In biodistribution on mice, radioactivity levels for both tracers were relatively high in the kidney, small intestine, and liver at 60 min post-injection. The radioactivity levels in the kidney, lung, and spleen of mice at 30 min post-injection with [11C]1 were significantly reduced by pretreatment with 1 (10 mg/kg), and levels of [11C]1 in the brain of mice were significantly increased by pretreatment with the P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein inhibitor elacridar (10 mg/kg). In metabolite analysis using mouse plasma, [11C]1 and [11C]2 were rapidly metabolized within 30 min post-injection, and [11C]1 was mainly metabolized into unlabeled 2 and radiolabeled components. CONCLUSION [11C]1 and [11C]2 were successfully synthesized with sufficient amount of radioactivity and high quality for use in vivo. Our study of [11C]1 and its desmethyl analog [11C]2 was useful in that it helped to elucidate the in vivo characteristics of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kawamura
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Wakana Mori
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Wakizaka
- Department of Medical Physics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ohkubo
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurihara
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Masanao Ogawa
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.,SHI Accelerator Service Ltd, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
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9
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Okada M. [12. Metabolite Analysis for Development and Quantification of Molecular Imaging Probes]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2019; 75:71-79. [PMID: 30662035 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2019_jsrt_75.1.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maki Okada
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology
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10
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Yamasaki T, Mori W, Zhang Y, Hatori A, Fujinaga M, Wakizaka H, Kurihara Y, Wang L, Nengaki N, Ohya T, Liang SH, Zhang MR. First demonstration of in vivo mapping for regional brain monoacylglycerol lipase using PET with [ 11C]SAR127303. Neuroimage 2018; 176:313-320. [PMID: 29738910 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is a main regulator of the endocannabinoid system within the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, [11C]SAR127303 was developed as a promising radioligand for MAGL imaging. In this study, we aimed to quantify regional MAGL concentrations in the rat brain using positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]SAR127303. An irreversible two-tissue compartment model (2-TCMi, k4 = 0) analysis was conducted to estimate quantitative parameters (k3, Ki2-TCMi, and λk3). These parameters were successfully obtained with high identifiability (<10 %COV) for the following regions ranked in order from highest to lowest: cingulate cortex > striatum > hippocampus > thalamus > cerebellum > hypothalamus ≈ pons. In vitro autoradiographs using [11C]SAR127303 showed a heterogeneous distribution of radioactivity, as seen in the PET images. The Ki2-TCMi and λk3 values correlated relatively highly with in vitro binding (r > 0.4, P < 0.005). The Ki2-TCMi values showed high correlation and low underestimation (<10%) compared with the slope of a Patlak plot analysis with linear regression (KiPatlak). In conclusion, we successfully estimated regional net uptake value of [11C]SAR127303 reflecting MAGL concentrations in rat brain regions for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoteru Yamasaki
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Wakana Mori
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Akiko Hatori
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Wakizaka
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurihara
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, 1-17-6 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET/CT-MRI Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510630, China; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd, 1-17-6 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0032, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ohya
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
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12
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Visual evaluation of kinetic characteristics of PET probe for neuroreceptors using a two-phase graphic plot analysis. Ann Nucl Med 2017; 31:273-282. [PMID: 28181119 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-017-1155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In PET studies for neuroreceptors, tracer kinetics are described by the two-tissue compartment model (2-TCM), and binding parameters, including the total distribution volume (V T), non-displaceable distribution volume (V ND), and binding potential (BPND), can be determined from model parameters estimated by kinetic analysis. The stability of binding parameter estimates depends on the kinetic characteristics of radioligands. To describe these kinetic characteristics, we previously developed a two-phase graphic plot analysis in which V ND and V T can be estimated from the x-intercept of regression lines for early and delayed phases, respectively. In this study, we applied this graphic plot analysis to visual evaluation of the kinetic characteristics of radioligands for neuroreceptors, and investigated a relationship between the shape of these graphic plots and the stability of binding parameters estimated by the kinetic analysis with 2-TCM in simulated brain tissue time-activity curves (TACs) with various binding parameters. Methods 90-min TACs were generated with the arterial input function and assumed kinetic parameters according to 2-TCM. Graphic plot analysis was applied to these simulated TACs, and the curvature of the plot for each TAC was evaluated visually. TACs with several noise levels were also generated with various kinetic parameters, and the bias and variation of binding parameters estimated by kinetic analysis were calculated in each TAC. These bias and variation were compared with the shape of graphic plots. Results The graphic plots showed larger curvature for TACs with higher specific binding and slower dissociation of specific binding. The quartile deviations of V ND and BPND determined by kinetic analysis were smaller for radioligands with slow dissociation. Conclusions The larger curvature of graphic plots for radioligands with slow dissociation might indicate a stable determination of V ND and BPND by kinetic analysis. For investigation of the kinetics of radioligands, such kinetic characteristics should be considered.
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13
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Ma Y, Kumata K, Yui J, Zhang Y, Yamasaki T, Hatori A, Fujinaga M, Nengaki N, Xie L, Wang H, Zhang MR. Synthesis and evaluation of 1-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4-(4-[ 11 C]methoxyphenyl)-piperidin-1-yl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile ([ 11 C]CMDC) for PET imaging of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 in the rat brain. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1014-1021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Rasooly R, Bruck HA, Balsam J, Prickril B, Ossandon M, Rasooly A. Improving the Sensitivity and Functionality of Mobile Webcam-Based Fluorescence Detectors for Point-of-Care Diagnostics in Global Health. Diagnostics (Basel) 2016; 6:E19. [PMID: 27196933 PMCID: PMC4931414 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics6020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Resource-poor countries and regions require effective, low-cost diagnostic devices for accurate identification and diagnosis of health conditions. Optical detection technologies used for many types of biological and clinical analysis can play a significant role in addressing this need, but must be sufficiently affordable and portable for use in global health settings. Most current clinical optical imaging technologies are accurate and sensitive, but also expensive and difficult to adapt for use in these settings. These challenges can be mitigated by taking advantage of affordable consumer electronics mobile devices such as webcams, mobile phones, charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras, lasers, and LEDs. Low-cost, portable multi-wavelength fluorescence plate readers have been developed for many applications including detection of microbial toxins such as C. Botulinum A neurotoxin, Shiga toxin, and S. aureus enterotoxin B (SEB), and flow cytometry has been used to detect very low cell concentrations. However, the relatively low sensitivities of these devices limit their clinical utility. We have developed several approaches to improve their sensitivity presented here for webcam based fluorescence detectors, including (1) image stacking to improve signal-to-noise ratios; (2) lasers to enable fluorescence excitation for flow cytometry; and (3) streak imaging to capture the trajectory of a single cell, enabling imaging sensors with high noise levels to detect rare cell events. These approaches can also help to overcome some of the limitations of other low-cost optical detection technologies such as CCD or phone-based detectors (like high noise levels or low sensitivities), and provide for their use in low-cost medical diagnostics in resource-poor settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reuven Rasooly
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94706, USA.
| | - Hugh Alan Bruck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland College Park (UMCP), College Park, MD 20742, USA.
| | - Joshua Balsam
- Division of Chemistry and Toxicology Devices, Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
| | - Ben Prickril
- National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 208503, USA.
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Kawamura K, Kumata K, Takei M, Furutsuka K, Hashimoto H, Ito T, Shiomi S, Fujishiro T, Watanabe R, Igarashi N, Muto M, Yamasaki T, Yui J, Xie L, Hatori A, Zhang Y, Nemoto K, Fujibayashi Y, Zhang MR. Efficient radiosynthesis and non-clinical safety tests of the TSPO radioprobe [(18)F]FEDAC: Prerequisites for clinical application. Nucl Med Biol 2016; 43:445-53. [PMID: 27183465 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION [(18)F]FEDAC ([(18)F]1) has potent binding affinity and selectivity for translocator protein (18kDa, TSPO), and has been used to noninvasively visualize neuroinflammation, lung inflammation, acute liver damage, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and liver fibrosis. We had previously synthesized [(18)F]1 in two steps: (i) preparation of [(18)F]fluoroethyl bromide and (ii) coupling of [(18)F]fluoroethyl bromide with the appropriate precursor (2) for labeling. In this study, to clinically utilize [(18)F]1 as a PET radiopharmaceutical and to transfer the production technique of [(18)F]1 to other PET centers, we simplified its preparation by using a direct, one-step, tosyloxy-for-fluorine substitution. We also performed an acute toxicity study as a major non-clinical safety test, and determined radiometabolites using human liver microsomes. METHODS [(18)F]1 was prepared via direct (18)F-fluorination by heating the corresponding tosylated derivative (3) with [(18)F]fluoride as its Kryptofix 222 complex in dimethyl sulfoxide at 110°C for 15min, following by HPLC purification. Non-clinical safety tests were performed for the extended single-dose toxicity study in rats, and for the in vitro metabolite analysis with human liver microsomal incubation. RESULTS High quality batches of [(18)F]1, compatible with clinical applications, were obtained. At the end of irradiation, the decay-corrected radiochemical yield of [(18)F]1 using 1 and 5mg of precursor based on [(18)F]fluoride was 18.5±7.9% (n=10) and 52.0±5.8% (n=3), respectively. A single-dose of [(18)F]1 did not show toxicological effects for 14 days after the injection in male and female rats. In human liver microsomal incubations, [(18)F]1 was easily metabolized to [(18)F]desbenzyl-FEDAC ([(18)F]10) by CYPs (4.2% of parent compound left 60min after incubation). CONCLUSION We successfully synthesized clinical grade batches of [(18)F]1 and verified the absence of innocuity of this radiotracer. [(18)F]1 will be used to first-in-human studies in our facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kawamura
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Takei
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Furutsuka
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hashimoto
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takehito Ito
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shiomi
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services, Tokyo 110-0016, Japan
| | - Tomoya Fujishiro
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services, Tokyo 110-0016, Japan
| | - Ryuji Watanabe
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services, Tokyo 110-0016, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Igarashi
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services, Tokyo 110-0016, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Muto
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services, Tokyo 110-0016, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Joji Yui
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Nemoto
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Fujibayashi
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Shimoda Y, Yamasaki T, Fujinaga M, Ogawa M, Kurihara Y, Nengaki N, Kumata K, Yui J, Hatori A, Xie L, Zhang Y, Kawamura K, Zhang MR. Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Radioligands Based on 3-[5-(Pyridin-2-yl)-2H-tetrazol-2-yl]benzonitrile for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 5. J Med Chem 2016; 59:3980-90. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Shimoda
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Masanao Ogawa
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator
Service Co. Ltd., 1-17-6 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kurihara
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator
Service Co. Ltd., 1-17-6 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator
Service Co. Ltd., 1-17-6 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Joji Yui
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yiding Zhang
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawamura
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Department
of Radiopharmaceuticals Development, Radiological Science Research
and Development Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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17
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Hashimoto H, Kawamura K, Takei M, Igarashi N, Fujishiro T, Shiomi S, Watanabe R, Muto M, Furutsuka K, Ito T, Yamasaki T, Yui J, Nemoto K, Kimura Y, Higuchi M, Zhang MR. Identification of a major radiometabolite of [11C]PBB3. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 42:905-10. [PMID: 26420569 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION [(11)C]PBB3 is a clinically used positron emission tomography (PET) probe for in vivo imaging of tau pathology in the brain. Our previous study showed that [(11)C]PBB3 was rapidly decomposed to a polar radiometabolite in the plasma of mice. For the pharmacokinetic evaluation of [(11)C]PBB3 it is important to elucidate the characteristics of radiometabolites. In this study, we identified the chemical structure of a major radiometabolite of [(11)C]PBB3 and proposed the metabolic pathway of [(11)C]PBB3. METHODS Carrier-added [(11)C]PBB3 was injected into a mouse for in vivo metabolite analysis. The chemical structure of a major radiometabolite was identified using LC-MS. Mouse and human liver microsomes and liver S9 samples were incubated with [(11)C]PBB3 in vitro. In silico prediction software was used to assist in the determination of the metabolite and metabolic pathway of [(11)C]PBB3. RESULTS In vivo analysis showed that the molecular weight of a major radiometabolite of [(11)C]PBB3, which was called as [(11)C]M2, was m/z 390 [M+H(+)]. In vitro analysis assisted by in silico prediction showed that [(11)C]M2, which was not generated by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs), was generated by sulfated conjugation mediated by a sulfotransferase. CONCLUSION The major radiometabolite, [(11)C]M2, was identified as a sulfated conjugate of [(11)C]PBB3. [(11)C]PBB3 was metabolized mainly by a sulfotransferase and subsidiarily by CYPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hashimoto
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawamura
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Makoto Takei
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Igarashi
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Fujishiro
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shiomi
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuji Watanabe
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Muto
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan; Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Furutsuka
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan; SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehito Ito
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan; SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Joji Yui
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Nemoto
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kimura
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
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18
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Yamasaki T, Fujinaga M, Yui J, Wakizaka H, Ohya T, Nengaki N, Ogawa M, Ikoma Y, Hatori A, Xie L, Kawamura K, Zhang MR. Improved Visualization and Specific Binding for Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtype 1 (mGluR1) Using [11C]ITMM with Ultra-High Specific Activity in Small-Animal PET. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130006. [PMID: 26076143 PMCID: PMC4468202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 (mGluR1) is a crucial target in the development of new medications to treat central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Recently, we developed N-[4-[6-(isopropylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-4-[11C]methoxy-N-methyl-benzamide ([11C]ITMM) as a useful positron emission tomography (PET) probe for mGluR1 in clinical studies. Here, we aimed to improve visualization and threshold of specific binding for mGluR1 using [11C]ITMM with ultra-high specific activity (SA) of > 3,500 GBq/μmol in rat brains. A two-tissue compartment model indicated large differences between the two SAs in the constants k3 and k4, representing binding ability for mGluR1, while constants K1 and k2 showed no differences. The total distribution volume (VT) values of conventional and ultra-high SA were 9.1 and 11.2 in the thalamus, 7.7 and 9.7 in the striatum, and 6.4 and 8.5 mL/cm3 in the substantia nigra, respectively. The specific binding of [11C]ITMM with ultra-high SA was significantly higher than the conventional SA, especially in the basal ganglia. Parametric PET images scaled with VT of the ultra-high SA clearly identified regional differences in the rat brain. In conclusion, PET studies using [11C]ITMM with ultra-high SA could sufficiently improve visualization and specific binding for mGluR1, which could help further understanding for mGluR1 functions in CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masayuki Fujinaga
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Joji Yui
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Wakizaka
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ohya
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanao Ogawa
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoko Ikoma
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawamura
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Molucular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
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19
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In vivo evaluation of a new 18F-labeled PET ligand, [18F]FEBU, for the imaging of I2-imidazoline receptors. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 42:406-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Seki C, Oh-Nishi A, Nagai Y, Minamimoto T, Obayashi S, Higuchi M, Takei M, Furutsuka K, Ito T, Zhang MR, Ito H, Ito M, Ito S, Kusuhara H, Sugiyama Y, Suhara T. Evaluation of [(11)C]oseltamivir uptake into the brain during immune activation by systemic polyinosine-polycytidylic acid injection: a quantitative PET study using juvenile monkey models of viral infection. EJNMMI Res 2014; 4:24. [PMID: 25045603 PMCID: PMC4100568 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-014-0024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal behaviors of young patients after taking the anti-influenza agent oseltamivir (Tamiflu®, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., Basel, Switzerland) have been suspected as neuropsychiatric adverse events (NPAEs). Immune response to viral infection is suspected to cause elevation of drug concentration in the brain of adolescents. In the present study, the effect of innate immune activation on the brain uptake of [(11)C]oseltamivir was quantitatively evaluated in juvenile monkeys. METHODS Three 2-year-old monkeys underwent positron emission tomography (PET) scans at baseline and immune-activated conditions. Both scans were conducted under pre-dosing of clinically relevant oseltamivir. The immune activation condition was induced by the intravenous administration of polyinosine-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). Dynamic [(11)C]oseltamivir PET scan and serial arterial blood sampling were performed to obtain [(11)C]oseltamivir kinetics. Brain uptake of [(11)C]oseltamivr was evaluated by its normalized brain concentration, brain-to-plasma concentration ratio, and plasma-to-brain transfer rate. Plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were also measured. RESULTS Plasma interleukin-6 was elevated after intravenous administration of poly I:C in all monkeys. Brain radioactivity was uniform both at baseline and under poly I:C treatment. The mean brain concentrations of [(11)C]oseltamivir were 0.0033 and 0.0035% ID/cm(3) × kg, the mean brain-to-plasma concentration ratios were 0.58 and 0.65, and the plasma-to-brain transfer rates were 0.0047 and 0.0051 mL/min/cm(3) for baseline and poly I:C treatment, respectively. Although these parameters were slightly changed by immune activation, the change was not notable. CONCLUSIONS The brain uptake of [(11)C]oseltamivir was unchanged by poly I:C treatment in juvenile monkeys. This study demonstrated that the innate immune response similar to the immune activation of influenza would not notably change the brain concentration of oseltamivir in juvenile monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Seki
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Arata Oh-Nishi
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takafumi Minamimoto
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeru Obayashi
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Takei
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenji Furutsuka
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takehito Ito
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 133-0033, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumito Ito
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 133-0033, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kusuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku 133-0033, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sugiyama
- Sugiyama Laboratory, RIKEN Innovation Center, Research Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, 1-6, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suhara
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku 265-8555, Chiba, Japan
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Hashimoto H, Kawamura K, Igarashi N, Takei M, Fujishiro T, Aihara Y, Shiomi S, Muto M, Ito T, Furutsuka K, Yamasaki T, Yui J, Xie L, Ono M, Hatori A, Nemoto K, Suhara T, Higuchi M, Zhang MR. Radiosynthesis, photoisomerization, biodistribution, and metabolite analysis of 11C-PBB3 as a clinically useful PET probe for imaging of tau pathology. J Nucl Med 2014; 55:1532-8. [PMID: 24963128 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.139550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED 2-((1E,3E)-4-(6-((11)C-methylamino)pyridin-3-yl)buta-1,3-dienyl)benzo[d]thiazol-6-ol ((11)C-PBB3) is a clinically useful PET probe that we developed for in vivo imaging of tau pathology in the human brain. To ensure the availability of this probe among multiple PET facilities, in the present study we established protocols for the radiosynthesis and quality control of (11)C-PBB3 and for the characterization of its photoisomerization, biodistribution, and metabolism. METHODS (11)C-PBB3 was synthesized by reaction of the tert-butyldimethylsilyl desmethyl precursor ( 1: ) with (11)C-methyl iodide using potassium hydroxide as a base, followed by deprotection. Photoisomerization of (11)C-PBB3 under fluorescent light was determined. The biodistribution and metabolite analysis of (11)C-PBB3 was determined in mice using the dissection method. RESULTS (11)C-PBB3 was synthesized with 15.4% ± 2.8% radiochemical yield (decay-corrected, n = 50) based on the cyclotron-produced (11)C-CO2 and showed an averaged synthesis time of 35 min from the end of bombardment. The radiochemical purity and specific activity of (11)C-PBB3 were 98.0% ± 2.3% and 180.2 ± 44.3 GBq/μmol, respectively, at the end of synthesis (n = 50). (11)C-PBB3 showed rapid photoisomerization, and its radiochemical purity decreased to approximately 50% at 10 min after exposure to fluorescent light. After the fluorescent light was switched off, (11)C-PBB3 retained more than 95% radiochemical purity over 60 min. A suitable brain uptake (1.92% injected dose/g tissue) of radioactivity was observed at 1 min after the probe injection, which was followed by rapid washout from the brain tissue. More than 70% of total radioactivity in the mouse brain homogenate at 5 min after injection represented the unchanged (11)C-PBB3, despite its rapid metabolism in the plasma. CONCLUSION (11)C-PBB3 was produced with sufficient radioactivity and high quality, demonstrating its clinical utility. The present results of radiosynthesis, photoisomerization, biodistribution, and metabolite analysis could be helpful for the reliable production and application of (11)C-PBB3 in diverse PET facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Hashimoto
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawamura
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Igarashi
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Makoto Takei
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Tomoya Fujishiro
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Yoshiharu Aihara
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Satoshi Shiomi
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Masatoshi Muto
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Takehito Ito
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Furutsuka
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Joji Yui
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Maiko Ono
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Nemoto
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Suhara
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Higuchi
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
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Noninvasive quantification of metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 with [¹¹C]ITDM: a small-animal PET study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2014; 34:606-12. [PMID: 24398932 PMCID: PMC3982087 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Because of its role in multiple central nervous system (CNS) pathways, metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1 (mGluR1) is a crucial target in the development of pharmaceuticals for CNS disorders. N-[4-[6-(isopropylamino)-pyrimidin-4-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-N-methyl-4-[(11)C]-methylbenzamide ([(11)C]ITDM) was recently developed as a positron emission tomography (PET) ligand for mGluR1. To devise a method for measurement of the binding potential (BPND) of [(11)C]ITDM to mGluR1, reference tissue methods aimed at replacing measurement of the arterial input function are desirable. In this study, we evaluated a noninvasive quantification method of mGluR1 with [(11)C]ITDM, demonstrating its accuracy using Huntington disease model R6/2 mice. The BPND measurements based on the Logan reference (Logan Ref) method have closely approximated that based on the arterial input method. We performed PET analysis with Logan Ref to assess its accuracy in quantifying the decline of mGluR1 expression in R6/2 mice. Significant decreases in BPND values in R6/2 mice were detected in cerebellum, thalamus, striatum, and cingulate cortex. We compared autoradiographs of R6/2 mouse brain sections with immunohistochemical images, and found a close correlation between changes in radioactive signal intensity and degree of mGluR1 expression. In conclusion, [(11)C]ITDM-PET is a promising tool for in vivo quantification of mGluR1 expression.
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Influence of O-methylated metabolite penetrating the blood-brain barrier to estimation of dopamine synthesis capacity in human L-[β-(11)C]DOPA PET. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2014; 34:268-74. [PMID: 24192636 PMCID: PMC3915201 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
O-methyl metabolite (L-[β-(11)C]OMD) of (11)C-labeled L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-[β-(11)C]DOPA) can penetrate into brain tissue through the blood-brain barrier, and can complicate the estimation of dopamine synthesis capacity by positron emission tomography (PET) study with L-[β-(11)C]DOPA. We evaluated the impact of L-[β-(11)C]OMD on the estimation of the dopamine synthesis capacity in a human L-[β-(11)C]DOPA PET study. The metabolite correction with mathematical modeling of L-[β-(11)C]OMD kinetics in a reference region without decarboxylation and further metabolism, proposed by a previous [(18)F]FDOPA PET study, were implemented to estimate radioactivity of tissue L-[β-(11)C]OMD in 10 normal volunteers. The component of L-[β-(11)C]OMD in tissue time-activity curves (TACs) in 10 regions were subtracted by the estimated radioactivity of L-[β-(11)C]OMD. To evaluate the influence of omitting blood sampling and metabolite correction, relative dopamine synthesis rate (kref) was estimated by Gjedde-Patlak analysis with reference tissue input function, as well as the net dopamine synthesis rate (Ki) by Gjedde-Patlak analysis with the arterial input function and TAC without and with metabolite correction. Overestimation of Ki was observed without metabolite correction. However, the kref and Ki with metabolite correction were significantly correlated. These data suggest that the influence of L-[β-(11)C]OMD is minimal for the estimation of kref as dopamine synthesis capacity.
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Yamasaki T, Kumata K, Yui J, Fujinaga M, Furutsuka K, Hatori A, Xie L, Ogawa M, Nengaki N, Kawamura K, Zhang MR. Synthesis and evaluation of [11C]MMPIP as a potential radioligand for imaging of metabotropic glutamate 7 receptor in the brain. EJNMMI Res 2013; 3:54. [PMID: 23870677 PMCID: PMC3751550 DOI: 10.1186/2191-219x-3-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabotropic glutamate 7 (mGlu7) receptor is a crucial target protein for the development of pharmaceuticals against central nervous system disorders. In the present study, we synthesized [11C]MMPIP, a putative radioligand for mGlu7 (binding constant KB = 30 nM), and evaluated its potential for imaging of mGlu7 via in vitro and in vivo techniques. METHODS [11C]MMPIP was synthesized by the reaction of phenol precursor 3 with [11C]CH3I. In vitro autoradiography using [11C]MMPIP was performed on rat brain sections. To determine in vitro specific binding of [11C]MMPIP with mGlu7, a blocking study was conducted by co-incubation with excess AMN082, a selective antagonist for mGlu7, or unlabeled MMPIP. Positron emission tomography (PET) studies and ex vivo metabolite analysis were carried out on rat brains. RESULTS [11C]MMPIP was obtained with two specific activity (SA) levels of average 58 (conventional) and 3,800 (high SA) GBq/μmol, respectively. High radioactive signals derived from conventional [11C]MMPIP in the in vitro autoradiography were seen in the thalamus, medulla oblongata, and striatum, corresponding with comprehensive brain distributions of mGlu7. Co-incubation with ANM082 or unlabeled MMPIP reduced the radioactive signals in the brain sections, respectively. In the PET studies with [11C]MMPIP, no specific uptake relative to mGlu7 was found in the examined brain regions. CONCLUSION Despite in vitro specific binding of [11C]MMPIP with mGlu7, visualization of mGlu7 in the living brain using PET was not successful. Development of new ligand candidates with higher affinity for mGlu7 is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Molecular Probe Program, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
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Kawamura K, Hashimoto H, Ogawa M, Yui J, Wakizaka H, Yamasaki T, Hatori A, Xie L, Kumata K, Fujinaga M, Zhang MR. Synthesis, metabolite analysis, and in vivo evaluation of [11C]irinotecan as a novel positron emission tomography (PET) probe. Nucl Med Biol 2013; 40:651-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Balsam J, Ossandon M, Bruck HA, Lubensky I, Rasooly A. Low-cost technologies for medical diagnostics in low-resource settings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 7:243-55. [DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2013.767796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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27
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Rasooly A, Kostov Y, Bruck HA. Charged-coupled device (CCD) detectors for Lab-on-a Chip (LOC) optical analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 949:365-385. [PMID: 23329454 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-134-9_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A critical element of any Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) is a detector; among the many detection approaches, optical detection is very widely used for biodetection. One challenge for advancing the development of LOC for biodetection has been to enhance the portability and lower the cost for Point-of-Care diagnostics, which has the potential to enhance the quality of healthcare delivery for underserved populations and for global health. We describe a simple and relatively low cost charged-coupled device (CCD)-based detector that can be integrated with a conventional microtiter plate or a portable LOC assay for various optical detection modalities including fluorescence, chemiluminescence, densitometry, and colorimetric assays. In general, the portable battery-operated CCD-based detection system consists of four modules: (1) a cooled CCD digital camera to monitor light emission, (2) a LOC or microtiter plate to perform assays, (3) a light source to illuminate the assay (such as electroluminescence (EL) or light emitting diode (LED)), and (4) a portable computer to acquire and analyze images. The configuration of the fluorescence detector presented here was designed to measure fluorogenic excitation at 490 nm and to monitor emission at 523 nm used for FITC detection.The LOC used for this detection system was fabricated with laminated object manufacturing (LOM) technology, and was designed to detection activity of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT-A) using a fluorogenic peptide substrate (SNAP-25) for botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT-A) labeled with FITC. The limit of detection (LOD) for the CCD detector is 0.5 nM (25 ng/ml). The portable system is small and is powered by a 12 V source. The modular detector was designed with easily interchangeable LEDs, ELs, filters, lenses, and LOC, and can be used and adapted for a wide variety of densitometry, florescence and colorimetric assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avraham Rasooly
- Division of Biology, Office of Science and Engineering, FDA Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH), Silver Spring, MD, USA.
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Fujinaga M, Yamasaki T, Maeda J, Yui J, Xie L, Nagai Y, Nengaki N, Hatori A, Kumata K, Kawamura K, Zhang MR. Development of N-[4-[6-(Isopropylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-N-methyl-4-[11C]methylbenzamide for Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Metabotropic Glutamate 1 Receptor in Monkey Brain. J Med Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301597s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Fujinaga
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoteru Yamasaki
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai
980-8574, Japan
| | - Jun Maeda
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Joji Yui
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Lin Xie
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Nagai
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- SHI Accelerator Service Co. Ltd., 5-9-11 Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo
141-8686, Japan
| | - Akiko Hatori
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Katsushi Kumata
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawamura
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Ming-Rong Zhang
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1
Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Comparison of 2-amino-[3- 11C]isobutyric acid and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose in nude mice with xenografted tumors and acute inflammation. Nucl Med Commun 2012; 33:1058-64. [DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0b013e328356efb0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Nakao R, Schou M, Halldin C. Rapid and sensitive measurement of PET radioligands in plasma by fast liquid chromatography/radiometric detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 895-896:116-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nakao R, Schou M, Halldin C. Direct plasma metabolite analysis of positron emission tomography radioligands by micellar liquid chromatography with radiometric detection. Anal Chem 2012; 84:3222-30. [PMID: 22409870 DOI: 10.1021/ac2032657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Determination of radio-metabolites in plasma samples taken during a positron emission tomography (PET) study is an important component in the pharmacokinetic evaluation of PET radioligands. We have developed and validated a new analytical procedure for the plasma metabolite analysis of PET radioligands based on micellar liquid chromatography using an anionic surfactant mobile phase. Chromatographic separation was performed on an octadecyl semipreparative column (10 mm I.D. × 160 mm, 10 μm) using 100 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and 1-butanol in 10 mM sodium-phosphate (pH 7.2) at a flow rate of 5 mL/min. The samples taken from monkey or human plasma during PET measurements were directly injected into a liquid chromatographic (LC) system coupled to an online radiometric detector under micellar conditions using 1-2% (v/v) 1-butanol mobile phase to remove plasma proteins and concentrate the analytes at the column head. At 2 min, mobile phase was changed to elute and separate PET radioligand and its radiometabolites with high peak capacity under high submicellar conditions (10-25% 1-butanol). This procedure allowed direct plasma injection (up to 2 mL) into the LC column without any pretreatment with a short analysis-time of 8-10 min. Satisfactory reproducibility, linearity, sensitivity, accuracy and recovery were obtained in the validation study. The developed method was successfully applied to study the metabolism for diverse groups of PET radioligands and provided reliable determination of PET radioligands in human and monkey plasma. This method is advantageous in terms of simplifying and shortening the processes required to analyze short-lived radioligands as well as in providing a more accurate estimation of the metabolite corrected input function, especially for the radioligands with lower recoveries or degradation potential during the deproteination process in a conventional procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Nakao
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Psychiatric Research, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Balsam J, Bruck HA, Kostov Y, Rasooly A. Image stacking approach to increase sensitivity of fluorescence detection using a low cost complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) webcam. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2012; 171-172:141-147. [PMID: 23990697 PMCID: PMC3752898 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical technologies are important for biological analysis. Current biomedical optical analyses rely on high-cost, high-sensitivity optical detectors such as photomultipliers, avalanched photodiodes or cooled CCD cameras. In contrast, Webcams, mobile phones and other popular consumer electronics use lower-sensitivity, lower-cost optical components such as photodiodes or CMOS sensors. In order for consumer electronics devices, such as webcams, to be useful for biomedical analysis, they must have increased sensitivity. We combined two strategies to increase the sensitivity of CMOS-based fluorescence detector. We captured hundreds of low sensitivity images using a Webcam in video mode, instead of a single image typically used in cooled CCD devices.We then used a computational approach consisting of an image stacking algorithm to remove the noise by combining all of the images into a single image. While video mode is widely used for dynamic scene imaging (e.g. movies or time-lapse photography), it is not used to capture a single static image, which removes noise and increases sensitivity by more than thirty fold. The portable, battery-operated Webcam-based fluorometer system developed here consists of five modules: (1) a low cost CMOS Webcam to monitor light emission, (2) a plate to perform assays, (3) filters and multi-wavelength LED illuminator for fluorophore excitation, (4) a portable computer to acquire and analyze images, and (5) image stacking software for image enhancement. The samples consisted of various concentrations of fluorescein, ranging from 30 μM to 1000 μM, in a 36-well miniature plate. In the single frame mode, the fluorometer's limit-of-detection (LOD) for fluorescein is ∼1000 μM, which is relatively insensitive. However, when used in video mode combined with image stacking enhancement, the LOD is dramatically reduced to 30 μM, sensitivity which is similar to that of state-of-the-art ELISA plate photomultiplier-based readers. Numerous medical diagnostics assays rely on optical and fluorescence readers. Our novel combination of detection technologies, which is new to biodetection may enable the development of new low cost optical detectors based on an inexpensive Webcam (<$10). It has the potential to form the basis for high sensitivity, low cost medical diagnostics in resource-poor settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Balsam
- Division of Biology, Office of Science and Engineering, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
- University of Maryland College Park (UMCP), College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Hugh Alan Bruck
- University of Maryland College Park (UMCP), College Park, MD 20742, United States
| | - Yordan Kostov
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, MD 21250, United States
| | - Avraham Rasooly
- Division of Biology, Office of Science and Engineering, FDA, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
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Synthesis and evaluation of PET probes for the imaging of I2 imidazoline receptors in peripheral tissues. Nucl Med Biol 2012; 39:89-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Imaging for metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 in rat and monkey brains using PET with [18F]FITM. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2011; 39:632-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-011-1995-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kawamura K, Yamasaki T, Konno F, Yui J, Hatori A, Yanamoto K, Wakizaka H, Takei M, Kimura Y, Fukumura T, Zhang MR. Evaluation of limiting brain penetration related to P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein using [(11)C]GF120918 by PET in mice. Mol Imaging Biol 2011; 13:152-60. [PMID: 20379788 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-010-0313-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE GF120918 has a high inhibitory effect on P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). We developed [(11)C]GF120918 as a positron emission tomography (PET) probe to assess if dual modulation of P-gp and BCRP is useful to evaluate brain penetration. PROCEDURES PET studies using [(11)C]GF120918 were conducted on P-gp and/or Bcrp knockout mice as well as wild-type mice. RESULTS In PET studies, the AUC(brain) ([0-60 min]) and K (1) value in P-gp/Bcrp knockout mice were nine- and 26-fold higher than that in wild-type mice, respectively. These results suggest that brain penetration of [(11)C]GF120918 is related to modulation of P-gp and BCRP and is limited by two transporters working together. CONCLUSIONS PET using [(11)C]GF120918 may be useful for evaluating the function of P-gp and BCRP. PET using P-gp/Bcrp knockout mice may be an effective method to understand the overall contributions the functions of P-gp and BCRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kawamura
- Department of Molecular Probes, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
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PET study on mice bearing human colon adenocarcinoma cells using [11C]GF120918, a dual radioligand for P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein. Nucl Med Commun 2011; 31:985-93. [PMID: 20859232 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0b013e32833fbf87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the functions of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in human colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), we carried out an in-vitro study and a small animal positron emission tomography (PET) study using [C]GF120918 (elacridar). METHODS [C]GF120918 was synthesized by reacting the desmethyl precursor with [C]CH3I. An in-vitro study using [C]GF120918 was carried out in Caco-2 and Madin-Darby canine kidney cells in the presence or absence of a transporter inhibitor (cyclosporine A and unlabeled GF120918). The biodistribution of radioactivity after the injection of [C]GF120918 was determined in Caco-2-bearing mice using a small animal PET scanner. RESULTS In Caco-2 cells expressing Pgp and BCRP, coincubation with unlabeled GF120918 caused an approximately two-fold increase in [C]GF120918 uptake compared with that of the control ([C]GF120918 only). In Caco-2-bearing mice, PET results indicated that [C]GF120918 uptake in the tumor was low, but was significantly increased by treatment with unlabeled GF120918. In metabolite analysis, the radioactive component in the tumor almost corresponded to intact [C]GF120918. CONCLUSION A PET study combining the administration of [C]GF120918 with unlabeled GF120918 may be a useful tool for evaluating the functions of Pgp and BCRP in tumors.
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Kawamura K, Yamasaki T, Konno F, Yui J, Hatori A, Yanamoto K, Wakizaka H, Ogawa M, Yoshida Y, Nengaki N, Fukumura T, Zhang MR. Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of ¹⁸F-fluoroethyl GF120918 and XR9576 as positron emission tomography probes for assessing the function of drug efflux transporters. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 19:861-70. [PMID: 21185730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2010] [Revised: 12/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to synthesize two new positron emission tomography (PET) probes, N-(4-(2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-isoquinolinyl)ethyl)phenyl)-9,10-dihydro-5-[¹⁸F]fluoroethoxy-9-oxo-4-acridine carboxamide ([¹⁸F]3) and quinoline-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-{2-[7-(2-[¹⁸F]fluoroethoxy)-6-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl]ethyl}phenylcarbamoyl)-4,5-dimethoxyphenyl]amide ([¹⁸F]4), and to evaluate the potential of these PET probes for assessing the function of two major drug efflux transporters, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). [¹⁸F]3 and [¹⁸F]4 were synthesized by ¹⁸F-alkylation of each O-desmethyl precursor with [¹⁸F]2-fluoroethyl bromide for injection as PET probes. In vitro accumulation assay showed that treatment with P-gp/BCRP inhibitors (1 and 2) enhanced the intracellular accumulation capacity of P-gp- and BCRP-overexpressing MES-SA/Dx5 cells. In PET studies, the uptake (AUC(brain[0-)₆₀ (min])) of [¹⁸F]3 and [¹⁸F]4 in wild-type mice co-injected with 1 were approximately sevenfold higher than that in wild-type mice, and the uptake of [¹⁸F]3 and [¹⁸F]4 in P-gp/Bcrp knockout mice were eight- to ninefold higher than that in wild-type mice. The increased uptake of [¹⁸F]3 and [¹⁸F]4 was similar to that of parent compounds ([¹¹C]1 and [¹¹C]2) previously described, indicating that radioactivity levels in the brain after injection of [¹⁸F]3 and [¹⁸F]4 are related to the function of drug efflux transporters. Also, these results suggest that the structural difference between parent compounds ([¹¹C]1 and [¹¹C]2) and fluoroethyl analogs ([¹⁸F]3 and [¹⁸F]4) do not obviously affect the potency against drug efflux transporters. In metabolite analysis of mice, the unchanged form in the brain and plasma at 60 min after co-injection of [¹⁸F]4 plus 1 were higher (95% for brain; 81% for plasma) than that after co-injection of [¹⁸F]3 plus 1. [¹⁸F]4 is a promising PET probe to assess the function of drug efflux transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kawamura
- Department of Molecular Probes, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan.
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Kawamura K, Akiyama M, Yui J, Yamasaki T, Hatori A, Kumata K, Wakizaka H, Takei M, Nengaki N, Yanamoto K, Fukumura T, Zhang MR. In vivo evaluation of limiting brain penetration of probes for α(2C)-adrenoceptor using small-animal positron emission tomography. ACS Chem Neurosci 2010; 1:520-8. [PMID: 22778842 DOI: 10.1021/cn1000364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate in vivo brain penetration of α(2C)-adrenoceptor (α(2C)-AR) antagonists as a therapeutic agent, we synthesized two new (11)C-labeled selective α(2C)-AR antagonists 4-(6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-2-yl)methyl-2-aryl-7-methoxybenzofuran ([(11)C]MBF) and acridin-9-yl-[4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl]amine ([(11)C]JP-1302) as α(2C)-AR-selective positron emission tomography (PET) probes. The radiochemical yield, specific activity, and radiochemical purity of these probes was appropriate for injection. To evaluate whether the brain penetration of these probes is related to the function of two major drug efflux transporters, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), we performed PET studies using wild-type and P-gp/Bcrp knockout mice. In wild-type mice, the radioactivity level after injection with [(11)C]MBF initially increased and effluxed immediately from the brain, whereas that with [(11)C]JP-1302 was distributed throughout the brain. However, the regional distribution of radioactivity after injection with [(11)C]JP-1302 in the brain was different from that of α(2C)-ARs. In P-gp/Bcrp knockout mice, uptake of [(11)C]MBF was approximately 3.7-fold higher and that of [(11)C]JP-1302 was approximately 1.6-fold higher than those in wild-type mice. These results indicate that brain penetration of the two PET probes was affected by modulation of P-gp and Bcrp functions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joji Yui
- Department of Molecular Probes and
| | | | | | | | - Hidekatsu Wakizaka
- Department of Molecular Probes and
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Takei
- Department of Molecular Probes and
- Tokyo Nuclear Services Co., Ltd., Tokyo 110-0005, Japan
| | - Nobuki Nengaki
- Department of Molecular Probes and
- SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo 141-0032, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Yanamoto
- Department of Molecular Probes and
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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Imaging of I2-imidazoline receptors by small-animal PET using 2-(3-fluoro-[4-11C]tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole ([11C]FTIMD). Nucl Med Biol 2010; 37:625-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2010.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Synthesis and evaluation of [11C]XR9576 to assess the function of drug efflux transporters using PET. Ann Nucl Med 2010; 24:403-12. [PMID: 20361276 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-010-0373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE XR9576 (tariquidar) is an anthranilic acid derivative and potent P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor. XR9576 has undergone phase I and II studies as combined chemotherapy against cancer. XR9576 has been developed as a useful therapeutic agent but not as a PET probe. We therefore developed [(11)C]XR9576 as a PET probe and assessed whether PET studies using [(11)C]XR9576 are a promising approach to assess P-gp function primarily. METHODS We synthesized [(11)C]XR9576 by methylation of 7-O-desmethyl XR9576 with [(11)C]methyl iodide. In in vivo tissue distribution, the effects of co-injection with XR9576 on the uptake of [(11)C]XR9576 in mice were investigated. PET studies using [(11)C]XR9576 were performed in P-gp and/or Bcrp knockout mice as well as in wild-type mice. Metabolites of [(11)C]XR9576 were measured in the brain and plasma of mice. RESULTS [(11)C]XR9576 was successfully synthesized with suitable radioactivity for injection as well as appropriate radiochemical purity and stability. In in vivo tissue distribution, the brain uptake of [(11)C]XR9576 significantly increased about tenfold of control on co-injection with >10 mg/kg of XR9576. In PET studies, the AUC(brain) ([0-60 min]) in P-gp and P-gp/Bcrp knockout mice was 2- and 11-fold higher than that in wild-type mice. [(11)C]XR9576 showed a high metabolic stability (>90% unchanged form) in the brain and plasma of mice 30 min after injection. These results suggest that a tracer amount of [(11)C]XR9576 behave as the P-gp and Bcrp substrate, and the increased brain uptake or AUC(brain) of [(11)C]XR9576 correlates with P-gp and Bcrp functions. CONCLUSIONS PET studies using [(11)C]XR9576 may be a promising approach for evaluating deficiency of the function of drug efflux transporters targeting intracranial diseases and tumors.
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Nakao R, Ito T, Hayashi K, Fukumura T, Suzuki K. Ultrafast LC method for purification and metabolite analysis of PET probes. Nucl Med Biol 2010; 37:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2009.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Zhang MR, Kumata K, Hatori A, Takai N, Toyohara J, Yamasaki T, Yanamoto K, Yui J, Kawamura K, Koike S, Ando K, Suzuki K. [11C]Gefitinib ([11C]Iressa): Radiosynthesis, In Vitro Uptake, and In Vivo Imaging of Intact Murine Fibrosarcoma. Mol Imaging Biol 2009; 12:181-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s11307-009-0265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Revised: 03/30/2009] [Accepted: 04/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kawamura K, Yamasaki T, Yui J, Hatori A, Konno F, Kumata K, Irie T, Fukumura T, Suzuki K, Kanno I, Zhang MR. In vivo evaluation of P-glycoprotein and breast cancer resistance protein modulation in the brain using [(11)C]gefitinib. Nucl Med Biol 2009; 36:239-46. [PMID: 19324269 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2008.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2008] [Revised: 12/12/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Gefitinib (Iressa) is a selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase. Recent studies confirmed that gefitinib interacted with the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) at submicromolar concentrations, whereas other multidrug transporters, including P-glycoprotein (P-gp), showed much lower reactivity toward gefitinib. Recently, many tracers for positron emission tomography (PET) have been prepared to study P-gp function in vivo; however, PET tracers had not been evaluated for both P-gp and BCRP modulation in the brain. Therefore, we evaluated in vivo brain penetration-mediated P-gp and BCRP in mice using [(11)C]gefitinib. Co-injection with gefitinib (over 50 mg/kg), a nonspecific P-gp modulator cyclosporin A (50 mg/kg), and the dual P-gp and BCRP modulator GF120918 (over 5 mg/kg) induced an increase in the brain uptake of [(11)C]gefitinib in mice 30 min after injection. In the PET study of mice, the radioactivity level in the brain with co-injection of GF120918 (5 mg/kg) was three- to fourfold higher than that in control after initial uptake. The radioactivity level in the brain in P-gp and Bcrp knockout mice was approximately eightfold higher than that in wild-type mice 60 min after injection. In conclusion, [(11)C]gefitinib is a promising PET tracer to evaluate the penetration of gefitinib into the brain by combined therapy with P-gp or BCRP modulators, and into brain tumors. Furthermore, PET study with GF120918 is a promising approach for evaluating brain penetration-mediated P-gp and BCRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kawamura
- Department of Molecular Probes, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
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Okada M, Nakao R, Hosoi R, Zhang MR, Fukumura T, Suzuki K, Inoue O. In vivo monitoring of extracellular 13N-glutamine derived from blood-borne 13N-ammonia in rat striatum using microdialysis with radio-LC method. J Neurosci Methods 2009; 184:37-41. [PMID: 19619585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 07/08/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glutamine synthetase (GS) is selectively localized in astrocytes and has important roles in the central nervous system (CNS). Cerebral extracellular excess ammonia and glutamate are taken up by astrocytes and converted to glutamine via GS to protect the CNS against neurotoxicity. In this study, we monitored cerebral extracellular 13N-glutamine derived from 13N-ammonia as a potential marker for astroglial metabolism using in vivo microdialysis combined with ultra performance liquid chromatography-radiometric detection. This method allowed rapid and highly sensitive radiometric analysis of 13N-ammonia and its metabolite, 13N-glutamine, in striatal extracellular fluid with good time resolution. Inhibition of GS with methionine sulfoximine resulted in a decrease of extracellular 13N-glutamine accompanied by an increase of 13N-ammonia as compared with control. Fluorocitrate, a selective inhibitor of glial metabolism, also decreased 13N-glutamine production and increased unmetabolized 13N-ammonia. In contrast, 13N-glutamine was increased with 5 mmol/kg of ammonium acetate without significant changes in 13N-ammonia as compared with control. These results suggest that the concentration of extracellular 13N-glutamine strongly reflects the biological changes in the metabolic activity of astroglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Okada
- Molecular Probe Group, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Japan.
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Kostov Y, Sergeev N, Wilson S, Herold KE, Rasooly A. A simple portable electroluminescence illumination-based CCD detector. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 503:259-72. [PMID: 19151946 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-567-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter we describe a simple and relatively inexpensive Electroluminescence (EL) illumination and charged-coupled device (CCD) camera (EL-CCD) based detector for monitoring fluorescence and colorimetric assays. The portable battery-operated fluorescence detector includes an EL panel for fluoro-genic excitation at 490 nm, a cooled CCD digital camera to monitor emission at 523 nm, filters and a close up lens. The detector system is controlled by a laptop computer for camera operation, image acquisition and analysis. The system was tested using a fluorogenic peptide substrate (SNAP-25) for botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT-A) labeled with FITC. The level of detection of the system was found to be 1.25 nM of the peptide, similar to the detection level of a commercial photomultipler-based plate fluorometer. The multichannel EL-CCD was used with an assay plate capable of testing nine samples simultaneously in 1 min at this detection level. The portable system is small and is operated by a 12 V source. The modular detector was designed with easily interchangeable ELs, filters and lenses and can be used and adapted for a wide variety of fluorescence and colorimetric assays, fluorescence labels and assay formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yordan Kostov
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Nakao R, Okada M, Inoue O, Fukumura T, Suzuki K. Combining high-performance liquid chromatography-positron detection and on-line microdialysis for animal metabolism study of positron emission tomography probes. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1203:193-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 07/10/2008] [Accepted: 07/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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A fluorescence detection platform using spatial electroluminescent excitation for measuring botulinum neurotoxin A activity. Biosens Bioelectron 2008; 24:618-25. [PMID: 18644709 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2008.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2008] [Revised: 04/23/2008] [Accepted: 06/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Current biodetection illumination technologies (laser, LED, tungsten lamp, etc.) are based on spot illumination with additional optics required when spatial excitation is required. Herein we describe a new approach of spatial illumination based on electroluminescence (EL) semiconductor strips available in several wavelengths, greatly simplifying the biosensor design by eliminating the need for additional optics. This work combines EL excitation with charge-coupled device (CCD) based detection (EL-CCD detector) of fluorescence for developing a simple portable detector for botulinum neurotoxin A (BoTN-A) activity analysis. A Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) activity assay for BoTN-A was used to both characterize and optimize the EL-CCD detector. The system consists of two modules: (1) the detection module which houses the CCD camera and emission filters, and (2) the excitation and sample module, containing the EL strip, the excitation filter and the 9-well sample chip. The FRET activity assay used in this study utilized a FITC/DABCYL-SNAP-25 peptide substrate in which cleavage of the substrate by BoTN-A, or its light chain derivative (LcA), produced an increase in fluorescence emission. EL-CCD detector measured limits of detection (LODs) were similar to those measured using a standard fluorescent plate reader with valves between 0.625 and 1.25 nM (31-62 ng/ml) for LcA and 0.313 nM (45 ng/ml) for the full toxin, BoTN-A. As far as the authors are aware this is the first demonstration of phosphor-based EL strips being used for the spatial illumination/excitation of a surface, coupled with CCD for point of care detection.
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Kitajima A, Minamizawa T, Toyo'oka T, Matsuda R, Hayashi Y. Detection limit of measurement of pharmaceuticals labeled with short-lived isotopes in HPLC with flow-through gamma-counter. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 46:177-80. [PMID: 17913431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Revised: 08/10/2007] [Accepted: 08/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This paper proposes a method for estimating the detection limit, which is defined as 3.3 times the standard deviation (S.D.) of blank measurements under the situations where the repetition of measurement is difficult or impossible because of a short half-life of radioactivity. The FUMI theory, which can estimate an S.D. value without repetition in various instrumental analyses, is adopted and proved here to be available in a radio-HPLC system as well. (99m)Tc-ECD (T(1/2)=360.6 min) that is a lipophilic compound for the diagnosis of regional brain perfusion is taken as an example.
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Takei M, Nagatsu K, Fukumura T, Suzuki K. Remote control production of an aqueous solution of no-carrier-added 34mCl− via the 32S(α,pn) nuclear reaction. Appl Radiat Isot 2007; 65:981-6. [PMID: 17574427 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2007.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2006] [Revised: 03/22/2007] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A remote system was established for the production of a biologically important radionuclide, chlorine-34m (32.0min, beta(+) 53%, IT 47%). The (32)S(alpha,pn)(34m)Cl reaction on elemental sulfur of natural isotopic composition was adopted for the production method. The target sulfur was melted by heating in the target chamber and then irradiated with 65MeV alpha particles (58.2MeV on target) at 3 microA for 30min. Generated (34m)Cl was extracted remotely with hot water from the molten sulfur in the target chamber. Within 20min, [(34m)Cl]chloride was obtained as a 10+/-3mL aqueous solution at a yield of 450 +/- 90 MBq, which corresponds to a recovery efficiency of 79 +/- 17% (n = 5). Both radionuclidic and radiochemical purities were more than 99% with a specific activity of 1.1GBq/ micromol. Non-radioactive impurities in the solution were identified as F(-), Cl(-), NO(3)(-), SO(4)(2-); other unknown ions were also present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Takei
- Molecular Probe Group, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Ito H, Shidahara M, Takano H, Takahashi H, Nozaki S, Suhara T. Mapping of central dopamine synthesis in man, using positron emission tomography with L-[beta-11C]DOPA. Ann Nucl Med 2007; 21:355-60. [PMID: 17705016 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-007-0033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Accepted: 04/05/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the presynaptic function of the central dopaminergic system, positron emission tomography measurement of the endogenous dopamine synthesis rate was performed with L-[beta-11C]DOPA. In the present study, we developed a simple method for calculating an indicator of the dopamine synthesis rate with L-[beta-11C]DOPA on a voxel-by-voxel basis for parametric mapping. METHODS After intravenous injection of L-[beta-11C]DOPA, dynamic scanning was performed on ten healthy men for 89 min. The dopamine synthesis ratio was calculated on a voxel-by-voxel basis as the ratio of the area under the time-activity curves of brain regions to the reference brain region, that is, occipital cortex. The overall uptake rate constant as an indicator of dopamine synthesis was also calculated by kinetic and graphical analyses. RESULTS The dopamine synthesis ratio calculated by the present method was in good agreement with the indicators of dopamine synthesis calculated by kinetic and graphical analyses, although a systemic underestimation was observed, especially when the integration interval was set in the early phase of the scan duration. In particular, underestimations were prominent in brain regions with relatively lower influx rate constant K1. CONCLUSIONS By this method, regional dopamine synthesis could be estimated on a voxel-by-voxel basis. This method does not need an arterial input function and should prove to be useful for clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ito
- Clinical Neuroimaging Team, Molecular Neuroimaging Group, Molecular Imaging Center, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
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