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Shrivastava KC, Pandey SP, Kumar SA, Pandey AK, Debnath AK, Srivastava AP, Patkare GR, Abraham GJ. Remediation of chromium(VI) ions as chromium oxide xerogel via gamma-radiolysis of aqueous waste discharge. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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2
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Thill PG, Ager DK, Vojnovic B, Tesh SJ, Scott TB, Thompson IP. Hybrid biological, electron beam and zero-valent nano iron treatment of recalcitrant metalworking fluids. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 93:214-221. [PMID: 26905800 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid approaches for the remediation and detoxification of toxic recalcitrant industrial wastewater were investigated. The focus was waste metalworking fluid, which was selected as a representative model of other waste streams that are toxic, recalcitrant and that require more sustainable routes of safe disposal. The hybrid approaches included biodegradation, electron beam irradiation and zero-valent nano iron advanced oxidation processes that were employed individually and in sequence employing a factorial design. To compare process performance operationally exhausted and pristine metalworking fluid were compared. Sequential hybrid electron beam irradiation, biological, nanoscale zero-valent iron and biological treatment lead to synergistic detoxification and degradation of both recalcitrant streams, as determined by complementary surrogates and lead to overall improved COD removal of 92.8 ± 1.4% up from 85.9 ± 3.4% for the pristine metalworking fluid. Electron beam pre-treatment enabled more effective biotreatment, achieving 69.5 ± 8% (p = 0.005) and 24.6 ± 4.8% (p = 0.044) COD reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick G Thill
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - Duane K Ager
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - Borivoj Vojnovic
- Gray Laboratories, Department of Oncology, Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Sarah J Tesh
- Interface Analysis Centre, Oldbury House, 121 St. Michael's Hill, Bristol BS2 8BS, UK
| | - Thomas B Scott
- Interface Analysis Centre, Oldbury House, 121 St. Michael's Hill, Bristol BS2 8BS, UK
| | - Ian P Thompson
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK.
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Kwon TS, Lee JY. Options for reducing oil content of sludge from a petroleum wastewater treatment plant. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2015; 33:937-940. [PMID: 26261236 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x15597776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment plants at petroleum refineries often produce substantial quantities of sludge with relatively high concentrations of oil. Disposal of this waste is costly, in part because the high oil content requires use of secure disposal methods akin to handling of hazardous wastes. This article examines the properties of oily sludge and evaluates optional methods for reducing the oil content of this sludge to enable use of lower cost disposal methods. To reduce the oil content or break the structure of oily sludge, preliminary lab-scale experiments involving mechanical treatment, surfactant extraction, and oxidation are conducted. By applying surfactants, approximately 36% to 45% of oils are extracted from oily sludge. Of this, about 33% of oils are rapidly oxidised via radiation by an electron beam within 10 s of exposure. The Fenton reaction is effective for destruction of oily sludge. It is also found that 56% of oils were removed by reacting oily sludge with water containing ozone of 0.5 mg l(-1) over a period of 24 h. Oxidation using ozone thus can also be effectively used as a pretreatment for oily sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Soon Kwon
- Transportation Environmental Research Team, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lee
- Transportation Environmental Research Team, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
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Vahdat A, Bahrami SH, Arami M, Bahjat A, Tabakh F, Khairkhah M. Decoloration and mineralization of reactive dyes using electron beam irradiation, Part I: Effect of the dye structure, concentration and absorbed dose (single, binary and ternary systems). Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
This article gives an overview of existing and possible electron accelerator applications for environmental pollution control. Laboratory and pilot plant tests and industrial applications have illustrated the possibility of applying this technology for purification and treatment of gaseous, liquid, and solid wastes. Examples of ionizing radiation application to protect the environment and human health are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej G. Chmielewski
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna str. 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Technology, Warynskiego str. 1, 00-645 Warszawa, Poland
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Nam S, Namkoong W. Irradiation effect on leaching behavior and form of heavy metals in fly ash of municipal solid waste incinerator. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2012; 199-200:440-447. [PMID: 22152920 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Fly ash from a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) is commonly classified as hazardous waste. High-energy electron beam irradiation systems have gained popularity recently as a clean and promising technology to remove environmental pollutants. Irradiation effects on leaching behavior and form of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash have not been investigated in any significant detail. An electron beam accelerator was used in this research. Electron beam irradiation on fly ash significantly increased the leaching potential of heavy metals from fly ash. The amount of absorbed dose and the metal species affected leaching behavior. When electron beam irradiation intensity increased gradually up to 210 kGy, concentration of Pb and Zn in the leachate increased linearly as absorbed dose increased, while that of Cu underwent no significant change. Concentration of Pb and Zn in the leachate increased up to 15.5% (10.7 mg/kg), and 35.6% (9.6 mg/kg) respectively. However, only 4.8% (0.3mg/kg) increase was observed in the case of Cu. The results imply that irradiation has significant effect on the leaching behavior of heavy metals in fly ash, and the effect is quite different among the metal species tested in this study. A commonly used sequential extraction analysis which can classify a metal species into five forms was conducted to examine any change in metal form in the irradiated fly ash. Notable change in metal form in fly ash was observed when fly ash was irradiated. Change in Pb form was much greater than that of Cu form. Change in metal form was related to leaching potential of the metals. Concentration of heavy metal in leachate was positively related to the exchangeable form which is the most mobile. It may be feasible to treat fly ash by electron beam irradiation for selective recovery of valuable metals or for pretreatment prior to conventional processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangchul Nam
- Department of Advanced Technology Fusion, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-Dong, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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Boukari SOB, Pellizzari F, Karpel Vel Leitner N. Influence of persulfate ions on the removal of phenol in aqueous solution using electron beam irradiation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 185:844-51. [PMID: 21093981 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.09.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The removal of phenol (Co = 100 μM) during electron beam irradiation was studied in pure water and in the presence of HCO(3)(-) and Br(-) ions. It was found that the introduction of S(2)O(8)(2-) ions (1mM), by generating SO(4)(-) radicals increases the radiation yield of phenol removal. 90% removal of phenol was obtained with radiation doses 600 and 1200 Gy with and without S(2)O(8)(2-) ions respectively. This system induced smaller oxygen consumption with smaller concentration of catechol and hydroquinone found in the solution. HCO(3)(-) and Br(-) have an inhibiting effect in the presence as in the absence of S(2)O(8)(2-). In most cases, the introduction of S(2)O(8)(2-) ions in water radiolysis system can advantageously increase the yield of organic compounds removal by oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahidou O B Boukari
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Microbiologie de l'Eau, UMR CNRS 6008) Université de Poitiers, Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Poitiers, 40 Avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
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Kwon YK, Han DH. Microwave Effect in the Simultaneous Removal of NOx and SO2 under Electron Beam Irradiation and Kinetic Investigation of NOx Removal Rate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie100570q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kil Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Yeungnam University, 214-1 Daedong, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hung Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Yeungnam University, 214-1 Daedong, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 712-749, Republic of Korea
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A harmless and high-efficiency decomposition treatment for halogenized compounds using an electron source with a carbon nanotube. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Petrovic M, Gehringer P, Eschweiler H, Barceló D. Radiolytic decomposition of multi-class surfactants and their biotransformation products in sewage treatment plant effluents. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 66:114-22. [PMID: 16808959 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Revised: 05/04/2006] [Accepted: 05/04/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Electron beam irradiation (EBI), as one of the most efficient advanced oxidation processes, was applied to the treatment of sewage treatment plant (STP) effluent, with the objective of evaluating the effectiveness of radiolytic decomposition of multi-class surfactants. Target compounds, included several high-volume surfactant groups, such as alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs) and their biotransformation products, linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), alkyl sulfates (AS), alkylether sulfates (AES), coconut diethanol amides (CDEA), alcohol ethoxylates (AEO) and polyethylene glycols (PEGs). EBI treatment of STP effluent (total concentration of APEO-derived compounds 265mugl(-1), being APE(2)C the most abundant by-degradation products) resulted in efficient decomposition of all alkylphenolic compounds; elimination of 94% longer ethoxy chain nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEO, n(EO)=3-15) was obtained when 3kGy were applied. Slightly less efficient decomposition of short ethoxy chain oligomers (NPEO(1) and NPEO(2)) was observed, resulting in disappearance of about 80% of the initially present compounds. LC-MS analysis of treated wastewater suggested that the mechanism of EBI degradation of APEOs is a combination of two parallel pathways: a progressive shortening and oxidation of the ethoxy chain, which resulted in a formation of short ethoxy chain oligomers and APECs and central fission that resulted in formation of PEGs. Decomposition of APECs at 1kGy initially yielded APs, which were subsequently eliminated applying higher radiation doses. With a radiation dose of 2kGy about 95% of NPE(1)C and 97% of NPE(2)C were decomposed. Similar elimination rates were obtained for octylphenolic compounds. Radiolytic treatment applied was also very effective in removing PEGs formed as by-products from APEO degradation, as well as in decomposing other surfactants, such as linear LAS, AS and AES.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Petrovic
- ICREA-Catalan Institution for Research and Advance Studies, Passeig Lluis Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain.
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11
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Characteristics study on suspended fine particles in aqueous phenol solution formed by electron beam irradiations. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Drzewicz P, Gehringer P, Bojanowska-Czajka A, Zona R, Solar S, Nałecz-Jawecki G, Sawicki J, Trojanowicz M. Radiolytic degradation of the herbicide dicamba for environmental protection. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2005; 48:311-322. [PMID: 15750781 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-003-0257-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2003] [Accepted: 07/29/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The radiolytic degradation of the widely used herbicide dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid), employing gamma irradiation in laboratory batch conditions and with a beam of accelerated electrons in flow-through installation, was investigated. The effects of dose magnitude, ozone or hydrogen peroxide in irradiated solution, and scavengers such as nitrate and hydrogen carbonate on the effectiveness of dicamba decomposition and the products formed were investigated. Changes in the toxicity of irradiated solutions were measured with the Microtox and Spirotox toxicity tests. The application of radiolytic degradation was also examined for decomposition of herbicides in commercial agrochemical preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Drzewicz
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland
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Drzewicz P, Nałecz-Jawecki G, Gryz M, Sawicki J, Bojanowska-Czajka A, Głuszewski W, Kulisa K, Wołkowicz S, Trojanowicz M. Monitoring of toxicity during degradation of selected pesticides using ionizing radiation. CHEMOSPHERE 2004; 57:135-145. [PMID: 15294437 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2003] [Revised: 10/31/2003] [Accepted: 05/06/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The optimization of experimental conditions for radiolytic removal of organic pollutants from water and waste with the use of ionizing radiation via controlling the concentration of target compound(s) requires also monitoring the toxicity changes during the process. Commonly used herbicides 2,4-D and dicamba were shown to increase toxicity measured with the Microtox test at low irradiation doses resulting from formation of more toxic transient products, which can be decomposed at larger doses. The changes of toxicity were examined with respect to dose magnitude and the presence of commonly occurring scavengers of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Drzewicz
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland
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