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Zahmatkesh S, Amesho KTT, Sillanpää M. A critical review on diverse technologies for advanced wastewater treatment during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: What do we know? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 7:100121. [PMID: 37520795 PMCID: PMC9250822 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazadv.2022.100121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Advanced wastewater treatment technologies are effective methods and currently attract growing attention, especially in arid and semi-arid areas, for reusing water, reducing water pollution, and explicitly declining, inactivating, or removing SARS-CoV-2. Overall, removing organic matter and micropollutants prior to wastewater reuse is critical, considering that water reclamation can help provide a crop irrigation system and domestic purified water. Advanced wastewater treatment processes are highly recommended for contaminants such as monovalent ions from an abiotic source and SARS-CoV-2 from an abiotic source. This work introduces the fundamental knowledge of various methods in advanced water treatment, including membranes, filtration, Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, ozonation, chlorination, advanced oxidation processes, activated carbon (AC), and algae. Following that, an analysis of each process for organic matter removal and mitigation or prevention of SARS-CoV-2 contamination is discussed. Next, a comprehensive overview of recent advances and breakthroughs is provided for each technology. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed.
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Key Words
- AOP, advanced oxidation process
- Activated carbon
- Advanced oxidation process
- Algae
- BOD, biological oxygen demand
- COD, chemical oxygen demand
- Chlorination
- DBP, disinfection by-product
- EPS, extracellular polymeric substances
- GAC, granular activated carbon
- Membrane
- Micropollutants
- Ozonation
- PAC, powdered activated carbon
- SARS-CoV-2
- TOC, total organic carbon
- TSS, total suspended solids
- UV irradiation
- UV, ultraviolet
- WWTPs, wastewater treatment plants
- Wastewater
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasan Zahmatkesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran, P.O. Box 48518-78195, Behshahr, Iran
| | - Kassian T T Amesho
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- The International University of Management, Centre for Environmental Studies, Main Campus, Dorado Park Ext 1, Windhoek, Namibia
| | - Mika Sillanpää
- Faculty of Science and Technology, School of Applied Physics, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, P. O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
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Sharma G, Nangia N, Bhalla APS, Ray B. A coupled distributed Lagrange multiplier (DLM) and discrete element method (DEM) approach to simulate particulate flow with collisions. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2021.117091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Zhou Y, Xie Y, Wang M, Zou F, Zhang C, Guan Z, Yan M. In-situ characterization of dissolved organic matter removal by coagulation using differential UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 242:125062. [PMID: 31704527 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Removing dissolved organic matter (DOM) is of great concern due to its adverse effects on water supplies. Great effort has been given to studying DOM removal by coagulation, while the mechanism of DOM removal and the changes in its properties during coagulation have not been clearly illustrated due to the limitations of detection methods under practical environmental conditions. In this paper, the changes in DOM during coagulation were quantified using differential UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy, and the differential spectra of DOM in the wavelength range of 200-600 nm could be deconvoluted into six Gaussian bands with maxima at approximately 200, 240, 276, 316, 385, and 457 nm after coagulation, respectively. The intensity of these maxima decreased with the type and dosage of coagulants. These observations should reflect the difference in the removability of DOM by coagulation, and this perspective was further confirmed by examining the deprotonation-protonation properties of DOM before and after coagulation. The affinity sites of DOM in coagulated waters, quantified by spectra parameter DlnA400 (differential log-transformed spectra at wavelength 400 nm) in combination with the revised NICA model, increased as the coagulant dosage, which indicates that coagulation is inclined to remove the DOM fraction with fewer functional groups. Polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and Al-aggregate (Al13) were more efficient than Alum for removing DOM due to their high efficiency for removing DOM fractions with fewer functional groups. The residual dissolved Al concentration depended on the total amount of reactive binding sites in DOM, and there was a strong linear correlation between residual dissolved Al and the total amount of reactive binding sites in DOM for Alum, while a weaker correlation was presented for PAC and Al13. This indicates that Ala was the dominant species to bind with the affinity sites in DOM to form residual dissolved Al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zhou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yaping Xie
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chang'An University, Xi'an, 710064, Shanxi, China
| | - Min Wang
- Technology Institute of Beijing Waterworks Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Fang Zou
- Technology Institute of Beijing Waterworks Group Co., Ltd., Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zengfu Guan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mingquan Yan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Yan M, Dryer D, Korshin GV. Spectroscopic characterization of changes of DOM deprotonation-protonation properties in water treatment processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 148:426-435. [PMID: 26835648 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The deprotonation-protonation properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in drinking water produced at critical treatment points were quantified using absorbance spectra in combination with DOM fractionation data. Analysis of differential spectra of DOM present in inlet, settled and filtered waters from two large treatment plants and their fractions were obtained. The data demonstrated the presence of six Gaussian bands largely associated with carboxylic and phenolic DOM functionalities. Properties of the protonation-active groups of DOM in raw and treated waters were further examined based on data of potentiometric titrations at pH from 2.5 to 10. Interpretation of the differential log-transformed absorbance at wavelength 350 nm (DlnA350) based on the NICA-Donnan model showed that the normalized concentrations of low- and high-affinity protonation-active groups in residual DOMs increases as a result of water treatment. This was consistent with the results of DOM fractionation. This study demonstrates that changes of the composition and reactivity of DOM found in drinking water treatment sequences can be quantified based on the examination of their optical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingquan Yan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Deborah Dryer
- Hazen & Sawyer, 498 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10018, United States
| | - Gregory V Korshin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-2700, United States
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Qian F, Sun X, Liu Y, Xu H. Removal and transformation of effluent organic matter (EfOM) in biotreated textile wastewater by GAC/O3 pre-oxidation and enhanced coagulation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2013; 34:1513-1520. [PMID: 24191486 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2012.758662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
GAC/O3 (ozonation in the presence of granular activated carbon) combined with enhanced coagulation was employed to process biotreated textile wastewater for possible reuse. The doses of ozone, GAC and coagulant were the variables studied for optimization. The effects of different treatment processes on effluent organic matter (EfOM) characteristics, including biodegradability, hydrophobic and hydrophilic nature, and apparent molecular weight (AMW) distribution were also investigated. Compared with ozonation, GAC/O3 not only presented a higher pre-oxidation efficiency, but also improved the treatability of hydrophobic and high molecular weight compounds by enhanced coagulation. After treatment by GAC/O3 pre-oxidation (0.6 mg O3 x mg(-1) COD and 20 g x L(-1) GAC) and enhanced coagulation (25 mg x L(-1) Al3+ at pH 5.5), the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and colour were higher than those for coagulation alone by 17.3%, 12.0% and 25.6%, respectively. Residual organic matter consisted mainly of hydrophobic acids and hydrophilic compounds of AMW < 1 kDa, which were colourless and of limited biological availability. The combination of GAC/O3 and enhanced coagulation was proved to be a simple and effective treatment strategy for removing EfOM from biotreated textile wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyue Qian
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Yan M, Korshin G, Wang D, Cai Z. Characterization of dissolved organic matter using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with a multiple wavelength absorbance detector. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 87:879-885. [PMID: 22369846 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography-size exclusion chromatography (HPLC-SEC) coupled with a multiple wavelength absorbance detector (200-445 nm) was used in this study to investigate the apparent molecular weight (AMW) distributions of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Standard DOM, namely humic acid, fulvic acid and hydrophilic acid, from the Suwannee River were tested to ascertain the performance and sensitivity of the method. In addition to four compounds groups: humic substances (Peak 1, AMW 16 kD), fulvic acids (Peak 2, AMW 11 kD), low AMW acids (Peak 3, AMW 5 kD), and low AMW neutral and amphiphilic molecules, proteins and their amino acid building blocks (Peak 4, AMW 3 kD), an new group that appears to include low AMW, 6-10 kD, humic substances was found based on investigating the spectra at various elution times. The spectroscopic parameter S(>365) (slope at wavelengths >365 nm) was determined to be a good predictor of the AMW of the DOM. The detector wavelength played an important role in evaluating the AMW distribution. For some fractions, such as the humic and low AMW non-aromatic substances, the error in measurement was ± 30% as determined by two-dimensional chromatograms detected at an artificially selected wavelength. HPLC-SEC with multiple wavelength absorbance detection was found to be a useful technique for DOM characterization. It characterized the AMW distributions of DOM more accurately and provided additional, potentially important information concerning the properties of DOM with varying AMWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingquan Yan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
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Wang Q, Li A, Wang J, Shuang C. Selection of magnetic anion exchange resins for the removal of dissolved organic and inorganic matters. J Environ Sci (China) 2012; 24:1891-1899. [PMID: 23534220 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(11)61066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Four magnetic anion exchange resins (MAERs) were used as adsorbents to purify drinking water. The effect of water quality (pH, temperature, ionic strength, etc.) on the performance of MAER for the removal of dissolved organic matter (DOM) was also investigated. Among the four studied MAERs, the strong base resin named NDMP-1 with high water content and enhanced exchange capacity exhibited the highest removal rate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (48.9% removal rate) and UV-absorbing substances (82.4% removal rate) with a resin dose of 10 mL/L after 30 min of contact time. The MAERs could also effectively remove inorganic matter such as sulfate, nitrate and fluoride. Because of the higher specific UV absorbance (SUVA) value, the DOM in the raw water was found to be removed more effectively than that in the clarified water by NDMP resin. The temperature showed a weak influence on the removal of DOC from 6 to 26 degrees C, while a relatively strong one at 36 degrees C. The removal of DOM by NDMP was also affected to some extent by the pH value. Moreover, increasing the sulfate concentration in the raw water could decrease the removal rates of DOC and UV-absorbing substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China
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Yan M, Wang D, Ni J, Qu J, Ni W, Van Leeuwen J. Natural organic matter (NOM) removal in a typical North-China water plant by enhanced coagulation: Targets and techniques. Sep Purif Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2009.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Iriarte-Velasco U, I. Álvarez-Uriarte J, Chimeno-Alanís N, R. González-Velasco J. Natural Organic Matter Adsorption onto Granular Activated Carbons: Implications in the Molecular Weight and Disinfection Byproducts Formation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ie800912y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Unai Iriarte-Velasco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of The Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jon I. Álvarez-Uriarte
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of The Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Noemí Chimeno-Alanís
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of The Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Juan R. González-Velasco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of The Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, E-48080, Bilbao, Spain
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Yan M, Wang D, Qu J, Ni J, Chow CWK. Enhanced coagulation for high alkalinity and micro-polluted water: the third way through coagulant optimization. WATER RESEARCH 2008; 42:2278-2286. [PMID: 18206207 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2007.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2007] [Revised: 12/01/2007] [Accepted: 12/06/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Conventional coagulation is not an effective treatment option to remove natural organic matter (NOM) in water with high alkalinity/pH. For this type of water, enhanced coagulation is currently proposed as one of the available treatment options and is implemented by acidifying the raw water and applying increased doses of hydrolyzing coagulants. Both of these methods have some disadvantages such as increasing the corrosive tendency of water and increasing cost of treatment. In this paper, an improved version of enhanced coagulation through coagulant optimization to treat this kind of water is demonstrated. A novel coagulant, a composite polyaluminum chloride (HPAC), was developed with both the advantages of polyaluminum chloride (PACl) and the additive coagulant aids: PACl contains significant amounts of highly charged and stable polynuclear aluminum hydrolysis products, which is less affected by the pH of the raw water than traditional coagulants (alum and ferric salts); the additives can enhance both the charge neutralization and bridging abilities of PACl. HPAC exhibited 30% more efficiency than alum and ferric salts in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal and was very effective in turbidity removal. This result was confirmed by pilot-scale testing, where particles and organic matter were removed synergistically with HPAC as coagulant by sequential water treatment steps including pre-ozonation, coagulation, flotation and sand filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingquan Yan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, MOE, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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