1
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Borlak J, Ciribilli Y, Bisio A, Selvaraj S, Inga A, Oh JH, Spanel R. The Abl1 tyrosine kinase is a key player in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and its p53/p73 cell death mediated signaling differs in atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes. J Transl Med 2024; 22:845. [PMID: 39285385 PMCID: PMC11403941 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05623-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin is an important anticancer drug, however, elicits dose-dependently cardiomyopathy. Given its mode of action, i.e. topoisomerase inhibition and DNA damage, we investigated genetic events associated with cardiomyopathy and searched for mechanism-based possibilities to alleviate cardiotoxicity. We treated rats at clinically relevant doses of doxorubicin. Histopathology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) defined cardiac lesions, and transcriptomics unveiled cardiomyopathy-associated gene regulations. Genomic-footprints revealed critical components of Abl1-p53-signaling, and EMSA-assays evidenced Abl1 DNA-binding activity. Gene reporter assays confirmed Abl1 activity on p53-targets while immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrated Abl1, p53&p73 signaling. RESULTS Doxorubicin treatment caused dose-dependently toxic cardiomyopathy, and TEM evidenced damaged mitochondria and myofibrillar disarray. Surviving cardiomyocytes repressed Parkin-1 and Bnip3-mediated mitophagy, stimulated dynamin-1-like dependent mitochondrial fission and induced anti-apoptotic Bag1 signaling. Thus, we observed induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Transcriptomics discovered heterogeneity in cellular responses with minimal overlap between treatments, and the data are highly suggestive for distinct cardiomyocyte (sub)populations which differed in their resilience and reparative capacity. Genome-wide footprints revealed Abl1 and p53 enriched binding sites in doxorubicin-regulated genes, and we confirmed Abl1 DNA-binding activity in EMSA-assays. Extraordinarily, Abl1 signaling differed in the heart with highly significant regulations of Abl1, p53 and p73 in atrial cardiomyocytes. Conversely, in ventricular cardiomyocytes, Abl1 solely-modulated p53-signaling that was BAX transcription-independent. Gene reporter assays established Abl1 cofactor activity for the p53-reporter PG13-luc, and ectopic Abl1 expression stimulated p53-mediated apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The tyrosine kinase Abl1 is of critical importance in doxorubicin induced cardiomyopathy, and we propose its inhibition as means to diminish risk of cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Borlak
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Yari Ciribilli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bisio
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Saravanakumar Selvaraj
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alberto Inga
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Jung-Hwa Oh
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Reinhard Spanel
- Centre for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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2
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Xu X, Wu Y, Zhao Y, Liu A, Yi C, Zhang A, Wang X. Inhibition of Macrophage Pyroptosis─A New Therapeutic Strategy to Alleviate T-2 Toxin-Induced Subacute Liver Injury by Directly Competing with the Key Target. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18670-18681. [PMID: 39112929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c03340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Multiple compounds are related to the development of liver injury, such as toxins, drugs, and environmental pollutants. Although there are reports that the T-2 toxin can cause liver injury, its toxic mechanism remains unclear, which further impedes the development of effective antidotes. In this study, CRISPR-Cas9 genome-wide screening technology was used to identify transformation-related protein 53 inducible nuclear protein 1 (trp53inp1) as a toxic target of the T-2 toxin. Mechanism studies have shown that the T-2 toxin induced pyroptosis of macrophages (J774A.1 cells) by activating the trp53inp1/NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD-N pathway, leading to a subacute liver injury. Also, the new drug berberine (BER) identified through virtual screening significantly alleviated the subacute liver injury by competitively binding trp53inp1 via His224; the effect was better than those of the positive control drugs N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and disulfiram (DSF). In summary, the above results indicate that trp53inp1 is a key target for T-2 toxin to induce subacute liver injury and that inhibiting macrophage pyroptosis is a new method for treating liver injury. In addition, this study provides a new method and strategy for the discovery of key disease targets and the search for effective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan , Hubei 430070, China
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan , Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan , Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yongxia Zhao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan , Hubei 430070, China
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan , Hubei 430070, China
| | - Aimei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medicine Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, P.R. China
| | - Chenyang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan , Hubei 430070, China
| | - Anding Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan , Hubei 430070, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on the Technology of Pig-breeding and Pig-disease prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan , Hubei 430070, China
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan , Hubei 430070, China
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3
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Akçaöz-Alasar A, Tüncel Ö, Sağlam B, Gazaloğlu Y, Atbinek M, Cagiral U, Iscan E, Ozhan G, Akgül B. Epitranscriptomics m 6A analyses reveal distinct m 6A marks under tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)-induced apoptotic conditions in HeLa cells. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31176. [PMID: 38179601 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a ligand that induces both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in HeLa cells by modulating complex gene regulatory mechanisms. However, the full spectrum of TNF-α-modulated epitranscriptomic m6A marks is unknown. We employed a genomewide approach to examine the extent of m6A RNA modifications under TNF-α-modulated apoptotic conditions in HeLa cells. miCLIP-seq analyses revealed a plethora of m6A marks on 632 target mRNAs with an enrichment on 99 mRNAs associated with apoptosis. Interestingly, the m6A RNA modification patterns were quite different under cisplatin- and TNF-α-mediated apoptotic conditions. We then examined the abundance and translational efficiencies of several mRNAs under METTL3 knockdown and/or TNF-α treatment conditions. Our analyses showed changes in the translational efficiency of TP53INP1 mRNA based on the polysome profile analyses. Additionally, TP53INP1 protein amount was modulated by METTL3 knockdown upon TNF-α treatment but not CP treatment, suggesting the existence of a pathway-specific METTL3-TP53INP1 axis. Congruently, METLL3 knockdown sensitized HeLa cells to TNF-α-mediated apoptosis, which was also validated in a zebrafish larval xenograft model. These results suggest that apoptotic pathway-specific m6A methylation marks exist in cells and TNF-α-METTL3-TP53INP1 axis modulates TNF-α-mediated apoptosis in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azime Akçaöz-Alasar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Urla, Türkiye
| | - Özge Tüncel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Urla, Türkiye
| | - Buket Sağlam
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Urla, Türkiye
| | - Yasemin Gazaloğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Urla, Türkiye
| | - Melis Atbinek
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Urla, Türkiye
| | - Umut Cagiral
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Evin Iscan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute (IBG-Izmir), Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Urla, Türkiye
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Izmir, Türkiye
| | - Bünyamin Akgül
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Urla, Türkiye
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4
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Singh AK, Yadav D, Malviya R. Splicing DNA Damage Adaptations for the Management of Cancer Cells. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:135-146. [PMID: 38282448 DOI: 10.2174/0115665232258528231018113410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining a tumour cell's resistance to apoptosis (organized cell death) is essential for cancer to metastasize. Signal molecules play a critical function in the tightly regulated apoptotic process. Apoptosis may be triggered by a wide variety of cellular stresses, including DNA damage, but its ultimate goal is always the same: the removal of damaged cells that might otherwise develop into tumours. Many chemotherapy drugs rely on cancer cells being able to undergo apoptosis as a means of killing them. The mechanisms by which DNA-damaging agents trigger apoptosis, the interplay between pro- and apoptosis-inducing signals, and the potential for alteration of these pathways in cancer are the primary topics of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepika Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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5
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Wang X, Yan C, Wang C, Xu X, Liu Z, Wang X, Gong J. Protective effect of Cornuside on OGD/R injury in SH-SY5Y cells and its underlying mechanism. Brain Res 2023; 1821:148585. [PMID: 37722469 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) injury is the main cause of neuronal damage. Cornuside, a small-molecule cyclic enol ether terpene glycoside extracted from the dried fruit of mature Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., has vigorous anti-apoptotic and antioxidant effects. Previous studies have shown that Cornuside can reduce apoptosis and improve mitochondrial energy metabolism in cortical neurons of rats by inhibiting caspase-3 and calcium release. In this study, we treated SH-SY5Y cells with OGD/R to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Using high-throughput transcriptome sequencing, differentially expressed genes were analyzed in the OGD/R group versus the OGD/R + Cornuside (10 μmol/L) group to explore the neuroprotective mechanisms of Cornuside. The differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in apoptosis signaling pathway, cell cycle, DNA damage and repair, and p38/JNK MAPK and p53 signaling pathways. The results showed that OGD/R significantly reduced the survival of SH-SY5Y cells, induced apoptosis, disrupted the nucleus, promoted the release of ROS, and led to cell cycle arrest. Cornuside reversed OGD/R-induced damage. By upregulating MAPK8IP1 and downregulating MAPK14, TP53INP1, and signaling pathway-related proteins (p-p38, p-JNK, and p-p53), Cornuside ameliorated cell damage induced by p38/JNK MAPK and p53 signaling pathways. Cornuside also downregulated apoptosis regulatory proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-9, and cytochrome c) and cell cycle regulatory proteins (cyclin B1, cyclin E, and p21).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying 257097, PR China.
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China.
| | - Chaoyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Gong
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, PR China.
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6
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Zhou Y, Nakajima R, Shirasawa M, Fikriyanti M, Zhao L, Iwanaga R, Bradford AP, Kurayoshi K, Araki K, Ohtani K. Expanding Roles of the E2F-RB-p53 Pathway in Tumor Suppression. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1511. [PMID: 38132337 PMCID: PMC10740672 DOI: 10.3390/biology12121511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor E2F links the RB pathway to the p53 pathway upon loss of function of pRB, thereby playing a pivotal role in the suppression of tumorigenesis. E2F fulfills a major role in cell proliferation by controlling a variety of growth-associated genes. The activity of E2F is controlled by the tumor suppressor pRB, which binds to E2F and actively suppresses target gene expression, thereby restraining cell proliferation. Signaling pathways originating from growth stimulative and growth suppressive signals converge on pRB (the RB pathway) to regulate E2F activity. In most cancers, the function of pRB is compromised by oncogenic mutations, and E2F activity is enhanced, thereby facilitating cell proliferation to promote tumorigenesis. Upon such events, E2F activates the Arf tumor suppressor gene, leading to activation of the tumor suppressor p53 to protect cells from tumorigenesis. ARF inactivates MDM2, which facilitates degradation of p53 through proteasome by ubiquitination (the p53 pathway). P53 suppresses tumorigenesis by inducing cellular senescence or apoptosis. Hence, in almost all cancers, the p53 pathway is also disabled. Here we will introduce the canonical functions of the RB-E2F-p53 pathway first and then the non-classical functions of each component, which may be relevant to cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Rinka Nakajima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Mashiro Shirasawa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Mariana Fikriyanti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ritsuko Iwanaga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.I.); (A.P.B.)
| | - Andrew P. Bradford
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (R.I.); (A.P.B.)
| | - Kenta Kurayoshi
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Keigo Araki
- Department of Morphological Biology, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 31-1 Misumido Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan;
| | - Kiyoshi Ohtani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1330, Japan; (Y.Z.); (R.N.); (M.S.); (M.F.); (L.Z.)
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7
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Katsuragawa‐Taminishi Y, Mizutani S, Kawaji‐Kanayama Y, Onishi A, Okamoto H, Isa R, Mizuhara K, Muramatsu A, Fujino T, Tsukamoto T, Shimura Y, Taniwaki M, Miyagawa‐Hayashino A, Konishi E, Kuroda J. Triple targeting of RSK, AKT, and S6K as pivotal downstream effectors of PDPK1 by TAS0612 in B-cell lymphomas. Cancer Sci 2023; 114:4691-4705. [PMID: 37840379 PMCID: PMC10728023 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
B-cell lymphomas (BCLs) are the most common disease entity among hematological malignancies and have various genetically and molecularly distinct subtypes. In this study, we revealed that the blockade of phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDPK1), the master kinase of AGC kinases, induces a growth inhibition via cell cycle arrest and the induction of apoptosis in all eight BCL-derived cell lines examined, including those from activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), double expressor DLBCL, Burkitt lymphoma, and follicular lymphoma. We also demonstrated that, in these cell lines, RSK2, AKT, and S6K, but not PLK1, SGK, or PKC, are the major downstream therapeutic target molecules of PDPK1 and that RSK2 plays a central role and AKT and S6K play subsidiary functional roles as the downstream effectors of PDPK1 in cell survival and proliferation. Following these results, we confirmed the antilymphoma efficacy of TAS0612, a triple inhibitor for total RSK, including RSK2, AKT, and S6K, not only in these cell lines, regardless of disease subtypes, but also in all 25 patient-derived B lymphoma cells of various disease subtypes. At the molecular level, TAS0612 caused significant downregulation of MYC and mTOR target genes while inducing the tumor suppressor TP53INP1 protein in these cell lines. These results prove that the simultaneous blockade of RSK2, AKT, and S6K, which are the pivotal downstream substrates of PDPK1, is a novel therapeutic target for the various disease subtypes of BCLs and line up TAS0612 as an attractive candidate agent for BCLs for future clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Katsuragawa‐Taminishi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yuka Kawaji‐Kanayama
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Akio Onishi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Haruya Okamoto
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Reiko Isa
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Kentaro Mizuhara
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Ayako Muramatsu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Takahiro Fujino
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Taku Tsukamoto
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Yuji Shimura
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
- Department of Blood TransfusionKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Masafumi Taniwaki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | | | - Eiichi Konishi
- Department of Surgical PathologyKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Junya Kuroda
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
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8
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von Stromberg K, Seddar L, Ip WH, Günther T, Gornott B, Weinert SC, Hüppner M, Bertzbach LD, Dobner T. The human adenovirus E1B-55K oncoprotein coordinates cell transformation through regulation of DNA-bound host transcription factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2310770120. [PMID: 37883435 PMCID: PMC10622919 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310770120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional adenovirus E1B-55K oncoprotein can induce cell transformation in conjunction with adenovirus E1A gene products. Previous data from transient expression studies and in vitro experiments suggest that these growth-promoting activities correlate with E1B-55K-mediated transcriptional repression of p53-targeted genes. Here, we analyzed genome-wide occupancies and transcriptional consequences of species C5 and A12 E1B-55Ks in transformed mammalian cells by combinatory ChIP and RNA-seq analyses. E1B-55K-mediated repression correlates with tethering of the viral oncoprotein to p53-dependent promoters via DNA-bound p53. Moreover, we found that E1B-55K also interacts with and represses transcription of numerous p53-independent genes through interactions with transcription factors that play central roles in cancer and stress signaling. Our results demonstrate that E1B-55K oncoproteins function as promiscuous transcriptional repressors of both p53-dependent and -independent genes and further support the model that manipulation of cellular transcription is central to adenovirus-induced cell transformation and oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Seddar
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Wing-Hang Ip
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Thomas Günther
- Virus Genomics, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Britta Gornott
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Sophie-Celine Weinert
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Max Hüppner
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Luca D. Bertzbach
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
| | - Thomas Dobner
- Department of Viral Transformation, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg20251, Germany
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9
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Zhang J, Wei J, Sun R, Sheng H, Yin K, Pan Y, Jimenez R, Chen S, Cui XL, Zou Z, Yue Z, Emch MJ, Hawse JR, Wang L, He HH, Xia S, Han B, He C, Huang H. A lncRNA from the FTO locus acts as a suppressor of the m 6A writer complex and p53 tumor suppression signaling. Mol Cell 2023; 83:2692-2708.e7. [PMID: 37478845 PMCID: PMC10427207 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) of mRNAs modulated by the METTL3-METTL14-WTAP-RBM15 methyltransferase complex and m6A demethylases such as FTO play important roles in regulating mRNA stability, splicing, and translation. Here, we demonstrate that FTO-IT1 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) was upregulated and positively correlated with poor survival of patients with wild-type p53-expressing prostate cancer (PCa). m6A RIP-seq analysis revealed that FTO-IT1 knockout increased mRNA m6A methylation of a subset of p53 transcriptional target genes (e.g., FAS, TP53INP1, and SESN2) and induced PCa cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We further showed that FTO-IT1 directly binds RBM15 and inhibits RBM15 binding, m6A methylation, and stability of p53 target mRNAs. Therapeutic depletion of FTO-IT1 restored mRNA m6A level and expression of p53 target genes and inhibited PCa growth in mice. Our study identifies FTO-IT1 lncRNA as a bona fide suppressor of the m6A methyltransferase complex and p53 tumor suppression signaling and nominates FTO-IT1 as a potential therapeutic target of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200080, China.
| | - Jiangbo Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Haoyue Sheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Kai Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212002, China
| | - Yunqian Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Rafael Jimenez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sujun Chen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Xiao-Long Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhongyu Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhiying Yue
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Michael J Emch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - John R Hawse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Liguo Wang
- Department of Computation Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Housheng Hansen He
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Shujie Xia
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Bangmin Han
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100 Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | - Haojie Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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10
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Salama M, Mohammed DM, Fahmy K, Al-Senosy NK, Ebeed NM, Farouk A. Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity potential of synthetic diacetyl food flavoring in silico, in vivo, and in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2023:113923. [PMID: 37399938 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Diacetyl is a common ingredient that creates a buttery flavor in baked goods and other food products. The cytotoxic impact of diacetyl on a normal human liver cell line (THLE2) indicated an IC50 value of 41.29 mg/ml through MTT assay and a cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase relative to the control. Administration of diacetyl at two-time points (acute-chronic) led to a significant increase in DNA damage indicated by the increase in tail length, tail DNA%, and tail moment. The mRNA and protein expression levels of genes in the rats' livers were then measured using real-time PCR and western blotting. The results showed an activation of the apoptotic and necrosis mechanism, with an upregulation of p53, Caspase 3, and RIP1 and a downregulation of Bcl-2 at the mRNA level. The ingestion of diacetyl disrupted the liver's oxidant/antioxidant balance, as evidenced by alterations in levels of GSH, SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, MDA, NO, and peroxynitrite. Additionally, heightened levels of inflammatory cytokines were shown. Histopathological examinations revealed necrotic foci and congested portal areas in the rats' liver cells after treatment with diacetyl. Diacetyl may interact moderately with Caspase, RIP1, and p53 core domain through In-silico, possibly resulting in upregulated gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Salama
- Preventive Medicine Dept, Health Affairs Directorate, Ministry of Health, Ataba, 11511, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Mostafa Mohammed
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Khaled Fahmy
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra, 11241, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Neima K Al-Senosy
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra, 11241, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M Ebeed
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shoubra, 11241, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Farouk
- Flavour and Aroma Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
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11
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Resnick-Silverman L, Zhou R, Campbell MJ, Leibling I, Parsons R, Manfredi JJ. In vivo RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses show an obligatory role for the C terminus of p53 in conferring tissue-specific radiation sensitivity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112216. [PMID: 36924496 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymus and spleen, in contrast to liver, are radiosensitive tissues in which p53-dependent apoptosis is triggered after whole-body radiation in vivo. Combined RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) analyses of radiation-treated mouse organs identifies both shared and tissue-specific p53 transcriptional responses. As expected, the p53 targets shared among thymus and spleen are enriched in apoptotic targets. The inability to upregulate these genes in the liver is not due to reduced gene occupancy. Use of an engineered mouse model shows that deletion of the C terminus of p53 can confer radiation-induced expression of p53 apoptotic targets in the liver with concomitant increased cell death. Global RNA-seq analysis reveals that an additional role of the C terminus is also needed for transcriptional activation of liver-specific p53 targets. It is hypothesized that both suppression of apoptotic gene expression combined with enhanced activation of liver-specific targets confers tissue-specific radio-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lois Resnick-Silverman
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Royce Zhou
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Moray J Campbell
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy at The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ian Leibling
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ramon Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - James J Manfredi
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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12
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Zhao W, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Sun Y, Zheng B, Wang J, Gu Y, Qi J, Li J, Wang XJ, Chen J, Yang F. Exosomal LINC00355 promotes the malignant progression of gastric cancer through histone deacetylase HDAC3-mediated TP53INP1 transcriptional inhibition. Life Sci 2023; 315:121387. [PMID: 36640904 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Exosomes are a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles (EV) derived from multivesicular body (MVB) that transmit various cellular molecular constituents, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), to promote intercellular communication. Our aim was to investigate the function and mechanism of exosomal LINC00355 in gastric cancer cells. MAIN METHODS Exosomal levels of LINC00355 in GC patients and healthy controls were measured by RT-qPCR. The effects of exosomal LINC00355 on GC cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated by CCK8, colony formation, Transwell and wound healing assays. The expression levels of Ki67 in xenograft tumor tissues were confirmed by immunohistochemistry assay, and apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL apoptosis assay. Western blotting was used to monitor protein expression. RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pulldown were performed to detect the interaction between LINC00355 and HDAC3. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to assess the interaction of HDAC3 with the TP53INP1 promoter. KEY FINDINGS Exosomal LINC00355 levels were higher in plasma from gastric cancer patients than in plasma from healthy volunteers. Exosomal LINC00355 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cell lines. RNA sequence analysis demonstrated that LINC00355 knockdown downregulated histone deacetylase HDAC3 and upregulated TP53INP1. Mechanistic investigation indicated that exosomal LINC00355 interacted with HDAC3 to suppress TP53INP1 transcription, which promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). SIGNIFICANCE Exosomal LINC00355 plays a pivotal role in regulating EMT to induce the malignant progression of GC. Exosomal LINC00355 could be a promising biomarker in the early diagnosis and prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yunan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yiming Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Beiyao Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Junbin Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Yazhou Gu
- Nanjing Heron Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Junxia Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Juxue Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xue Jun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Jinfei Chen
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Fen Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, PR China.
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13
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Cytoplasmic Expression of TP53INP2 Modulated by Demethylase FTO and Mutant NPM1 Promotes Autophagy in Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021624. [PMID: 36675134 PMCID: PMC9865930 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) mutation is a unique subtype of adult leukemia. Recent studies show that NPM1-mutated AML has high autophagy activity. However, the mechanism for upholding the high autophagic level is still not fully elucidated. In this study, we first identified that tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 2 (TP53INP2) was highly expressed and cytoplasmically localized in NPM1-mutated AML cells. Subsequent data showed that the expression of TP53INP2 was upregulated by fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO)-mediated m6A modification. Meanwhile, TP53INP2 was delocalized to the cytoplasm by interacting with NPM1 mutants. Functionally, cytoplasmic TP53INP2 enhanced autophagy activity by promoting the interaction of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) - autophagy-related 7 (ATG7) and further facilitated the survival of leukemia cells. Taken together, our study indicates that TP53INP2 plays an oncogenic role in maintaining the high autophagy activity of NPM1-mutated AML and provides further insight into autophagy-targeted therapy of this leukemia subtype.
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14
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Pan Y, Tang H, Li Q, Chen G, Li D. Exosomes and their roles in the chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Med 2022; 11:4979-4988. [PMID: 35587712 PMCID: PMC9761084 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains one of the most lethal human malignancies worldwide. Due to the insidious onset and the rapid progression, most patients with PC are diagnosed at an advanced stage rendering them inoperable. Despite the development of multiple promising chemotherapeutic agents as recommended first-line treatment for PC, the therapeutic efficacy is largely limited by unwanted drug resistance. Recent studies have identified exosomes as essential mediators of intercellular communications during the occurrence of drug resistance. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms and complex signaling pathways of exosome-mediated drug resistance will contribute to the improvement of the design of new oncologic therapy regimens. This review focuses on the intrinsic connections between the chemoresistance of PC cells and exosomes in the tumor microenvironment (TME).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Honglin Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Qijun Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Guangpeng Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Da Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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15
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Zhou Y, Liu F. Coordination of the AMPK, Akt, mTOR, and p53 Pathways under Glucose Starvation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314945. [PMID: 36499271 PMCID: PMC9741397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose is a direct energy source for eukaryotic cells, and its deficiency elicits complex stress responses and diverse cellular outcomes. Although several signaling pathways involved have been identified, how they coordinately dictate the cell fate remains obscure. We propose a minimal network model for the cellular response to glucose restriction, characterizing the glucose uptake and signaling of the AMPK, Akt, mTOR, and p53 pathways. We demonstrate that in the presence of sufficient growth factors and amino acids, cells may undergo proliferation, senescence, or apoptosis, depending on the extracellular glucose level. AMPK is first activated upon glucose limitation, activating p53 to induce cell-cycle arrest; possibly, cells resume proliferation after timely glucose restoration. For long-term energy stress, cell senescence is maintained by low/intermediate levels of p53 and persistent activation of mTOR and Akt, or cells commit apoptosis when the proteins undergo biphasic dynamics, e.g., p53 switches from intermediate levels to high levels while mTOR and Akt become inactivated in the later phase. The biphasic dynamics of p53 are associated with flipping of two bistable switches. Appropriate mTOR levels are required for optimal cell-fate decision. This work suggests that senescence and apoptosis occur sequentially in glucose-depleted cells, and a theoretical framework is provided for exploring the cellular response to energy stress.
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16
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Zhang X, Zheng Q, Yue X, Yuan Z, Ling J, Yuan Y, Liang Y, Sun A, Liu Y, Li H, Xu K, He F, Wang J, Wu J, Zhao C, Tian C. ZNF498 promotes hepatocellular carcinogenesis by suppressing p53-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis via the attenuation of p53 Ser46 phosphorylation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:79. [PMID: 35227287 PMCID: PMC8883630 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02288-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysfunctional p53 signaling is one of the major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis and development, but the mechanisms underlying p53 inactivation in HCC have not been fully clarified. The role of Krüppel-associated box (KRAB)-type zinc-finger protein ZNF498 in tumorigenesis and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Methods Clinical HCC samples were used to assess the association of ZNF498 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and patient outcomes. A mouse model in which HCC was induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) was used to explore the role of ZNF498 in HCC initiation and progression. ZNF498 overexpression and knockdown HCC cell lines were employed to examine the effects of ZNF498 on cellular proliferation, apoptosis, ferroptosis and tumor growth. Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, qPCR, luciferase assays and flow cytometry were also conducted to determine the underlying mechanisms related to ZNF498 function. Results ZNF498 was found to be highly expressed in HCC, and increased ZNF498 expression was positively correlated with advanced pathological grade and poor survival in HCC patients. Furthermore, ZNF498 promoted DEN-induced hepatocarcinogenesis and progression in mice. Mechanistically, ZNF498 directly interacted with p53 and suppressed p53 transcriptional activation by inhibiting p53 Ser46 phosphorylation. ZNF498 competed with p53INP1 for p53 binding and suppressed PKCδ- and p53INP1-mediated p53 Ser46 phosphorylation. In addition, functional assays revealed that ZNF498 promoted liver cancer cell growth in vivo and in vitro in a p53-dependent manner. Moreover, ZNF498 inhibited p53-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis by attenuating p53 Ser46 phosphorylation. Conclusions Our results strongly suggest that ZNF498 suppresses apoptosis and ferroptosis by attenuating p53 Ser46 phosphorylation in hepatocellular carcinogenesis, revealing a novel ZNF498-PKCδ-p53INP1-p53 axis in HCC cells that would enrich the non-mutation p53-inactivating mechanisms in HCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02288-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyuan Zhang
- School of Life science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Qijian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xiuying Yue
- Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 301800, China
| | - Zhanna Yuan
- Tianjin Baodi Hospital, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 301800, China
| | - Jiming Ling
- School of Life science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yanzhi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yanying Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.,School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, 271016, Shandong, China
| | - Aihua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China
| | - Kaikun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Chunling Zhao
- School of Life science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Chunyan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.
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17
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Inhibition of Rac1 attenuates radiation-induced lung injury while suppresses lung tumor in mice. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:26. [PMID: 35031595 PMCID: PMC8760284 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00791-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The lung is one of the most sensitive tissues to ionizing radiation, thus, radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) stays a key dose-limiting factor of thoracic radiotherapy. However, there is still little progress in the effective treatment of RILI. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate1, Rac1, is a small guanosine triphosphatases involved in oxidative stress and apoptosis. Thus, Rac1 may be an important molecule that mediates radiation damage, inhibition of which may produce a protective effect on RILI. By establishing a mouse model of radiation-induced lung injury and orthotopic lung tumor-bearing mouse model, we detected the role of Rac1 inhibition in the protection of RILI and suppression of lung tumor. The results showed that ionizing radiation induces the nuclear translocation of Rac1, the latter then promotes nuclear translocation of P53 and prolongs the residence time of p53 in the nucleus, thereby promoting the transcription of Trp53inp1 which mediates p53-dependent apoptosis. Inhibition of Rac1 significantly reduce the apoptosis of normal lung epithelial cells, thereby effectively alleviating RILI. On the other hand, inhibition of Rac1 could also significantly inhibit the growth of lung tumor, increase the radiation sensitivity of tumor cells. These differential effects of Rac1 inhibition were related to the mutation and overexpression of Rac1 in tumor cells.
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE This article will briefly review the origins and evolution of functional genomics, first describing the experimental technology, and then some of the approaches applied to data analysis and visualization. It will emphasize application of functional genomics to radiation biology, using examples from the author's work to illustrate several key types of analysis. It concludes with a look at non-coding RNA, alternative reading of the genome, and single-cell transcriptomics, some of the innovative areas that may help to shape future research in radiation biology and oncology. CONCLUSIONS Transcriptomic approaches have provided insight into many areas of radiation biology and medicine, and innovations in technology and data analysis approaches promise continued contributions to radiation science in the future.
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19
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Buonaiuto G, Desideri F, Taliani V, Ballarino M. Muscle Regeneration and RNA: New Perspectives for Ancient Molecules. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102512. [PMID: 34685492 PMCID: PMC8533951 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of the ribonucleic acid (RNA) to self-replicate, combined with a unique cocktail of chemical properties, suggested the existence of an RNA world at the origin of life. Nowadays, this hypothesis is supported by innovative high-throughput and biochemical approaches, which definitively revealed the essential contribution of RNA-mediated mechanisms to the regulation of fundamental processes of life. With the recent development of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines, the potential of RNA as a therapeutic tool has received public attention. Due to its intrinsic single-stranded nature and the ease with which it is synthesized in vitro, RNA indeed represents the most suitable tool for the development of drugs encompassing every type of human pathology. The maximum effectiveness and biochemical versatility is achieved in the guise of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are emerging as multifaceted regulators of tissue specification and homeostasis. Here, we report examples of coding and ncRNAs involved in muscle regeneration and discuss their potential as therapeutic tools. Small ncRNAs, such as miRNA and siRNA, have been successfully applied in the treatment of several diseases. The use of longer molecules, such as lncRNA and circRNA, is less advanced. However, based on the peculiar properties discussed below, they represent an innovative pool of RNA biomarkers and possible targets of clinical value.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- COVID-19
- Homeostasis
- Humans
- Mice
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/virology
- Myocardium/metabolism
- Origin of Life
- RNA, Circular
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- RNA, Small Untranslated/genetics
- RNA, Untranslated/genetics
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- Regeneration
- SARS-CoV-2/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Buonaiuto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.D.); (V.T.)
| | - Fabio Desideri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.D.); (V.T.)
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro-Science of Instituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Taliani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.D.); (V.T.)
| | - Monica Ballarino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (F.D.); (V.T.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Ye L, Song Z, Li C. Landscape and flux quantify the stochastic transition dynamics for p53 cell fate decision. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:025101. [PMID: 33445890 DOI: 10.1063/5.0030558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 transcription factor is a key mediator in cellular responses to various stress signals including DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. In this work, we employ landscape and flux theory to investigate underlying mechanisms of p53-regulated cell fate decisions. Based on a p53 regulatory network, we quantified the potential landscape and probabilistic flux for the p53 system. The landscape topography unifies and quantifies three cell fate states, including the limit cycle oscillations (representing cell cycle arrest), high p53 state (characterizing apoptosis), and low p53 state (characterizing the normal proliferative state). Landscape and flux results provide a quantitative explanation for the biphasic dynamics of the p53 system. In the oscillatory phase (first phase), the landscape attracts the system into the ring valley and flux drives the system cyclically moving, leading to cell cycle arrest. In the fate decision-making phase (second phase), the ring valley shape of the landscape provides an efficient way for cells to return to the normal proliferative state once DNA damage is repaired. If the damage is unrepairable with larger flux, the system may cross the barrier between two states and switch to the apoptotic state with a high p53 level. By landscape-flux decomposition, we revealed a trade-off between stability (guaranteed by landscape) and function (driven by flux) in cellular systems. Cells need to keep a balance between appropriate speed to repair DNA damage and appropriate stability to survive. This is further supported by flux landscape analysis showing that flux may provide the dynamical origin of phase transition in a non-equilibrium system by changing landscape topography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leijun Ye
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoqing Song
- Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhe Li
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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21
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Gout J, Perkhofer L, Morawe M, Arnold F, Ihle M, Biber S, Lange S, Roger E, Kraus JM, Stifter K, Hahn SA, Zamperone A, Engleitner T, Müller M, Walter K, Rodriguez-Aznar E, Sainz B, Hermann PC, Hessmann E, Müller S, Azoitei N, Lechel A, Liebau S, Wagner M, Simeone DM, Kestler HA, Seufferlein T, Wiesmüller L, Rad R, Frappart PO, Kleger A. Synergistic targeting and resistance to PARP inhibition in DNA damage repair-deficient pancreatic cancer. Gut 2021; 70:743-760. [PMID: 32873698 PMCID: PMC7948173 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ATM serine/threonine kinase (ATM) is the most frequently mutated DNA damage response gene, involved in homologous recombination (HR), in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). DESIGN Combinational synergy screening was performed to endeavour a genotype-tailored targeted therapy. RESULTS Synergy was found on inhibition of PARP, ATR and DNA-PKcs (PAD) leading to synthetic lethality in ATM-deficient murine and human PDAC. Mechanistically, PAD-induced PARP trapping, replication fork stalling and mitosis defects leading to P53-mediated apoptosis. Most importantly, chemical inhibition of ATM sensitises human PDAC cells toward PAD with long-term tumour control in vivo. Finally, we anticipated and elucidated PARP inhibitor resistance within the ATM-null background via whole exome sequencing. Arising cells were aneuploid, underwent epithelial-mesenchymal-transition and acquired multidrug resistance (MDR) due to upregulation of drug transporters and a bypass within the DNA repair machinery. These functional observations were mirrored in copy number variations affecting a region on chromosome 5 comprising several of the upregulated MDR genes. Using these findings, we ultimately propose alternative strategies to overcome the resistance. CONCLUSION Analysis of the molecular susceptibilities triggered by ATM deficiency in PDAC allow elaboration of an efficient mutation-specific combinational therapeutic approach that can be also implemented in a genotype-independent manner by ATM inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Gout
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lukas Perkhofer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Mareen Morawe
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Arnold
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michaela Ihle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stephanie Biber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lange
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elodie Roger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johann M Kraus
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katja Stifter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stephan A Hahn
- Department of Molecular GI Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andrea Zamperone
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karolin Walter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Bruno Sainz
- Cancer Stem Cell and Tumor Microenvironment Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Stem Cell and Fibroinflammatory Microenvironment Group, Area 3 - Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick C Hermann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Hessmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Müller
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Ninel Azoitei
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - André Lechel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan Liebau
- Institute of Neuroanatomy & Developmental Biology INDB, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Diane M Simeone
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hans A Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lisa Wiesmüller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Center for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierre-Olivier Frappart
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Kleger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
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22
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A phosphorylation-dependent switch in the disordered p53 transactivation domain regulates DNA binding. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2021456118. [PMID: 33443163 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2021456118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor-suppressor p53 is a critical regulator of the cellular response to DNA damage and is tightly regulated by posttranslational modifications. Thr55 in the AD2 interaction motif of the N-terminal transactivation domain functions as a phosphorylation-dependent regulatory switch that modulates p53 activity. Thr55 is constitutively phosphorylated, becomes dephosphorylated upon DNA damage, and is subsequently rephosphorylated to facilitate dissociation of p53 from promoters and inactivate p53-mediated transcription. Using NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy, we show that Thr55 phosphorylation inhibits DNA-binding by enhancing competitive interactions between the disordered AD2 motif and the structured DNA-binding domain (DBD). Nonphosphorylated p53 exhibits positive cooperativity in binding DNA as a tetramer. Upon phosphorylation of Thr55, cooperativity is abolished and p53 binds initially to cognate DNA sites as a dimer. As the concentration of phosphorylated p53 is further increased, a second dimer binds and causes p53 to dissociate from the DNA, resulting in a bell-shaped binding curve. This autoinhibition is driven by favorable interactions between the DNA-binding surface of the DBD and the multiple phosphorylated AD2 motifs within the tetramer. These interactions are augmented by additional phosphorylation of Ser46 and are fine-tuned by the proline-rich domain (PRD). Removal of the PRD strengthens the AD2-DBD interaction and leads to autoinhibition of DNA binding even in the absence of Thr55 phosphorylation. This study reveals the molecular mechanism by which the phosphorylation status of Thr55 modulates DNA binding and controls both activation and termination of p53-mediated transcriptional programs at different stages of the cellular DNA damage response.
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23
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Kim HS, Park SY, Park CY, Kim YT, Kim BJ, Song YJ, Kim BG, Kim YB, Cho CH, Kim JH, Song YS. A multicentre, randomised, open-label, parallel-group Phase 2b study of belotecan versus topotecan for recurrent ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer 2021; 124:375-382. [PMID: 32994466 PMCID: PMC7853132 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This Phase 2b study compared the efficacy and toxicity of belotecan and topotecan in recurrent ovarian cancer. METHODS Patients with platinum-sensitive recurrent or platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer (PRROC) were randomised 1:1 to receive belotecan 0.5 mg/m2 or topotecan 1.5 mg/m2 for five consecutive days every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR); secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity. RESULTS A total of 140 (belotecan, n = 71; topotecan, n = 69) and 130 patients (belotecan, n = 66; topotecan, n = 64) were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) populations. ORR did not differ significantly between the belotecan and topotecan groups (ITT, 29.6% versus 26.1%; PP, 30.3% versus 25%). Although PFS did not differ between the groups, belotecan was associated with improved OS compared with topotecan in the PP population (39.7 versus 26.6 months; P = 0.034). In particular, belotecan showed longer OS in PRROC and non-high-grade serous carcinoma (non-HGSC; PP, adjusted hazard ratios, 0.499 and 0.187; 95% confidence intervals 0.255-0.977 and 0.039-0.895). Furthermore, there were no differences in toxicities between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Belotecan was not inferior to topotecan in terms of overall response for recurrent ovarian cancer. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01630018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Seung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Park
- Center for Uterine Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Yong Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Women's Medical Life Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Beob-Jong Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jung Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Gie Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Heum Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University, Daegu, 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeok Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sang Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Integrative p53, micro-RNA and Cathepsin Protease Co-Regulatory Expression Networks in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113454. [PMID: 33233599 PMCID: PMC7699684 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This article describes an emerging area of significant interest in cancer and cell death and the relationships shared by these through the transcriptional regulation of cathepsin protease genes by micro-RNAs that are connected to p53 activation. While it has been demonstrated that the p53 protein can directly regulate some cathepsin genes and the expression of their upstream regulatory micro-RNAs, very little is known about what input the p53 isoform proteins may have in regulating this relationship. Herein, we draw attention to this important regulatory aspect in the context of describing mechanisms that are being established for the micro-RNA regulation of cathepsin protease genes and their collective use in diagnostic or prognostic assays. Abstract As the direct regulatory role of p53 and some of its isoform proteins are becoming established in modulating gene expression in cancer research, another aspect of this mode of gene regulation that has captured significant interest over the years is the mechanistic interplay between p53 and micro-RNA transcriptional regulation. The input of this into modulating gene expression for some of the cathepsin family members has been viewed as carrying noticeable importance based on their biological effects during normal cellular homeostasis and cancer progression. While this area is still in its infancy in relation to general cathepsin gene regulation, we review the current p53-regulated micro-RNAs that are generating significant interest through their regulation of cathepsin proteases, thereby strengthening the link between activated p53 forms and cathepsin gene regulation. Additionally, we extend our understanding of this developing relationship to how such micro-RNAs are being utilized as diagnostic or prognostic tools and highlight their future uses in conjunction with cathepsin gene expression as potential biomarkers within a clinical setting.
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25
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Aloizou AM, Siokas V, Sapouni EM, Sita N, Liampas I, Brotis AG, Rakitskii VN, Burykina TI, Aschner M, Bogdanos DP, Tsatsakis A, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Dardiotis E. Parkinson's disease and pesticides: Are microRNAs the missing link? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 744:140591. [PMID: 32721662 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that leads to significant morbidity and decline in the quality of life. It develops due to loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and among its pathogenic factors oxidative stress plays a critical role in disease progression. Pesticides are a broad class of chemicals widely used in agriculture and households for the protection of crops from insects and fungi. Several of them have been incriminated as risk factors for PD, but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that play an important role in regulating mRNA translation and protein synthesis. miRNA levels have been shown to be affected in several diseases as well. Since the studies on the association between pesticides and PD have yet to reach definitive conclusions, here we review recent evidence on deregulated microRNAs upon pesticide exposure, and attempt to find an overlap between miRNAs deregulated in PD and pesticides, as a missing link between the two, and enhance future research in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Efstathia-Maria Sapouni
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nikoleta Sita
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Liampas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Alexandros G Brotis
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Valerii N Rakitskii
- The Federal Budgetary Establishment of Science "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F. F. Erisman" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 2 Semashko street, Mytishchi, Moscow Oblast' 141014, Russian Federation
| | - Tatyana I Burykina
- Department of Analytical and Forensic Medical Toxicology, Sechenov University, 119048 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Michael Aschner
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and clinical Immunology, University General Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Viopolis 40500, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- The Federal Budgetary Establishment of Science "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F. F. Erisman" of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 2 Semashko street, Mytishchi, Moscow Oblast' 141014, Russian Federation; Department of Analytical and Forensic Medical Toxicology, Sechenov University, 119048 Moscow, Russian Federation; Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgios M Hadjigeorgiou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece; Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University Hospital of Larissa, Greece, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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26
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Allendes Osorio RS, Nyström-Persson JT, Nojima Y, Kosugi Y, Mizuguchi K, Natsume-Kitatani Y. Panomicon: A web-based environment for interactive, visual analysis of multi-omics data. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04618. [PMID: 32904262 PMCID: PMC7452437 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-omics analyses, combining transcriptomics, genomics, proteomics, and so on, have led to important insights in many areas of biology and medicine. To support these analyses, software that can handle the difficulties associated with multi-omics datasets is crucial. Here, we describe Panomicon, a web-based, interactive analysis environment for multi-omics data. Building on Toxygates, a tool previously created to study single-omics data that features interactive clustering, heatmaps, and user data uploads, Panomicon introduces improvements for the storage and handling of additional omics types, as well as tools for the generation and visualization of interaction networks between different types of omics data. Panomicon is a new type of environment for the collaborative study of multi-omics data, both for users uploading data to our server and for groups wishing to host their own deployment of Panomicon. We demonstrate Panomicon's capabilities by revisiting a microRNA-mRNA interaction networks study in a non-small cell lung cancer dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo S Allendes Osorio
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research (ArCHER), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Johan T Nyström-Persson
- Lifematics Ltd., Sanshin Hatchobori bldg. 5F, 2-25-10 Hatchobori, Chuo-ku, Tokyo-to, 104-0032, Japan
| | - Yosui Nojima
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research (ArCHER), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yuji Kosugi
- Lifematics Ltd., Sanshin Hatchobori bldg. 5F, 2-25-10 Hatchobori, Chuo-ku, Tokyo-to, 104-0032, Japan
| | - Kenji Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research (ArCHER), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.,Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yayoi Natsume-Kitatani
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research (ArCHER), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan.,Laboratory of In-silico Drug Design, Center of Drug Design Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
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27
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Saberinia A, Alinezhad A, Jafari F, Soltany S, Akhavan Sigari R. Oncogenic miRNAs and target therapies in colorectal cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 508:77-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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28
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Tu Y, Xie L, Chen L, Yuan Y, Qin B, Wang K, Zhu Q, Ji N, Zhu M, Guan H. Long non-coding RNA MEG3 promotes cataractogenesis by upregulating TP53INP1 expression in age-related cataract. Exp Eye Res 2020; 199:108185. [PMID: 32841649 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Age-related cataract (ARC) is the leading cause of visual impairment or even blindness among the aged population globally. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) has been proven to be the potential regulator of ARC. The latest study reveals that maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) promotes the apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation of multiple cancer cells. However, the expression and role of MEG3 in ARC are unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of MEG3 in ARC and explored the regulatory mechanisms underlying these effects. We observed that MEG3 expression was up-regulated in the age-related cortical cataract (ARCC) lens capsules and positively correlated with the histological degree of ARCC. The pro-apoptosis protein, active caspase-3 and Bax increased in the anterior lens capsules of ARCC tissue, while the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased compared to normal lens. Knockdown of MEG3 increased the viability and inhibited the apoptosis of LECs upon the oxidative stress induced by H2O2. MEG3 was localized in both nucleus and cytoplasm in LECs. MEG3 facilitated TP53INP1 expression via acting as miR-223 sponge and promoting P53 expression. Additionally, TP53INP1 knockdown alleviated H2O2-induced lens turbidity. In summary, MEG3 promoted ARC progression by up-regulating TP53INP1 expression through suppressing miR-223 and promoting P53 expression, which would provide a novel insight into the pathogenesis of ARC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Laiqing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - You Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bai Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiujian Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Eye Hospital of Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Manhui Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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29
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Zhao Y, Kang X, Barsegian A, He J, Guzman A, Lau RP, Biniwale R, Wadhra M, Reemtsen B, Garg M, Halnon N, Quintero-Rivera F, Grody WW, Van Arsdell G, Nelson SF, Touma M. Gene-environment regulation of chamber-specific maturation during hypoxemic perinatal circulatory transition. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1009-1020. [PMID: 32533200 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01933-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Chamber-specific and temporally regulated perinatal cardiac growth and maturation is critical for functional adaptation of the heart and may be altered significantly in response to perinatal stress, such as systemic hypoxia (hypoxemia), leading to significant pathology, even mortality. Understanding transcriptome regulation of neonatal heart chambers in response to hypoxemia is necessary to develop chamber-specific therapies for infants with cyanotic congenital heart defects (CHDs). We sought to determine chamber-specific transcriptome programming during hypoxemic perinatal circulatory transition. We performed transcriptome-wide analysis on right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) of postnatal day 3 (P3) mouse hearts exposed to perinatal hypoxemia. Hypoxemia decreased baseline differences between RV and LV leading to significant attenuation of ventricular patterning (AVP), which involved several molecular pathways, including Wnt signaling suppression and cell cycle induction. Notably, robust changes in RV transcriptome in hypoxemic condition contributed significantly to the AVP. Remarkably, suppression of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and dysregulation of the TP53 signaling were prominent hallmarks of the AVP genes in neonatal mouse heart. Furthermore, members of the TP53-related gene family were dysregulated in the hypoxemic RVs of neonatal mouse and cyanotic Tetralogy of Fallot hearts. Integrated analysis of chamber-specific transcriptome revealed hypoxemia-specific changes that were more robust in RVs compared with LVs, leading to previously uncharacterized AVP induced by perinatal hypoxemia. Remarkably, reprogramming of EMT process and dysregulation of the TP53 network contributed to transcriptome remodeling of neonatal heart during hypoxemic circulatory transition. These insights may enhance our understanding of hypoxemia-induced pathogenesis in newborn infants with cyanotic CHD phenotypes. KEY MESSAGES: During perinatal circulatory transition, transcriptome programming is a major driving force of cardiac chamber-specific maturation and adaptation to hemodynamic load and external environment. During hypoxemic perinatal transition, transcriptome reprogramming may affect chamber-specific growth and development, particularly in newborns with congenital heart defects (CHDs). Chamber-specific transcriptome changes during hypoxemic perinatal transition are yet to be fully elucidated. Systems-based analysis of hypoxemic neonatal hearts at postnatal day 3 reveals chamber-specific transcriptome signatures during hypoxemic perinatal transition, which involve attenuation of ventricular patterning (AVP) and repression of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Key regulatory circuits involved in hypoxemia response were identified including suppression of Wnt signaling, induction of cellular proliferation and dysregulation of TP53 network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 675 Charles E. Young Dr S, 3762 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.,Neonatal/Congenital Heart Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xuedong Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 675 Charles E. Young Dr S, 3762 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.,Neonatal/Congenital Heart Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Barsegian
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 675 Charles E. Young Dr S, 3762 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.,Neonatal/Congenital Heart Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jian He
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 675 Charles E. Young Dr S, 3762 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.,Neonatal/Congenital Heart Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alejandra Guzman
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 675 Charles E. Young Dr S, 3762 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.,Neonatal/Congenital Heart Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ryan P Lau
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Reshma Biniwale
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Madhuri Wadhra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brian Reemtsen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Meena Garg
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 675 Charles E. Young Dr S, 3762 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Nancy Halnon
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 675 Charles E. Young Dr S, 3762 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Fabiola Quintero-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wayne W Grody
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Glen Van Arsdell
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stanley F Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 675 Charles E. Young Dr S, 3762 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.,Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Institute of Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marlin Touma
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles 675 Charles E. Young Dr S, 3762 MacDonald Research Laboratories, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA. .,Neonatal/Congenital Heart Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,The Molecular Biology Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Eli and Edythe Stem Cell Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Institute of Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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30
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Yu J, Chen S, Niu Y, Liu M, Zhang J, Yang Z, Gao P, Wang W, Han X, Sun G. Functional Significance and Therapeutic Potential of miRNA-20b-5p in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:315-331. [PMID: 32622332 PMCID: PMC7334444 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Novel therapies tailored to the molecular composition mechanism of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) are needed to improve patient survival. miR-20b-5p expression was significantly upregulated in cancerous tissues and associated with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and overall survival (OS). An analysis of the methylation status of the miR-20b-5p gene indicated that the hypomethylation of the CpG sites located upstream of the miR-20b-5p gene in the ESCC tissues was more frequent than in the adjacent normal tissues, and the methylation status of miR-20b-5p correlated inversely with its expression levels. Notably, a series of gain- and loss-of-function assays elucidated that miR-20b-5p promoted ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion both in vitro and in vivo. Luciferase reporter assays, western blot, and qRT-PCR revealed that RB1 and TP53INP1 were the direct targets of miR-20b-5p. Moreover, the effects of ectopic miR-20b-5p expression were abrogated by RB1 and TP53INP1 overexpression. In contrast, the effects of miR-20b-5p depletion were impaired by RB1 and TP53INP1 knockdown. Treatment with a miR-20b-5p antagomir dramatically increased tumor growth and inhibited RB1 and TP53INP1 protein expression in nude mice. This work provided novel insights on the molecular mechanism of ESCC and further provided suggestions for therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Yu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Yi Niu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Meiyue Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of pathology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Xiaochen Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China.
| | - Guogui Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China.
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Li M, Li AQ, Zhou SL, Lv H, Wei P, Yang WT. RNA-binding protein MSI2 isoforms expression and regulation in progression of triple-negative breast cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:92. [PMID: 32448269 PMCID: PMC7245804 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01587-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The RNA-binding protein Musashi-2 (MSI2) has been implicated in the tumorigenesis and tumor progression of some human cancers. MSI2 has also been reported to suppress tumor epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression in breast cancer, and low MSI2 expression is associated with poor outcomes for breast cancer patients; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully investigated. This study investigated the expression and phenotypic functions of two major alternatively spliced MSI2 isoforms (MSI2a and MSI2b) and the potential molecular mechanisms involved in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression. METHODS The Illumina sequencing platform was used to analyze the mRNA transcriptomes of TNBC and normal tissues, while quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry validated MSI2 isoform expression in breast cancer tissues. The effects of MSI2a and MSI2b on TNBC cells were assayed in vitro and in vivo. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA sequencing were performed to identify the potential mRNA targets of MSI2a, and RIP and luciferase analyses were used to confirm the mRNA targets of MSI2. RESULTS MSI2 expression in TNBC tissues was significantly downregulated compared to that in normal tissues. In TNBC, MSI2a expression was associated with poor overall survival of patients. MSI2a overexpression in vitro and in vivo inhibited TNBC cell invasion as well as extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activity. However, MSI2b overexpression had no significant effects on TNBC cell migration. Mechanistically, MSI2a expression promoted TP53INP1 mRNA stability by its interaction with the 3'-untranslated region of TP53INP1 mRNA. Furthermore, TP53INP1 knockdown reversed MSI2a-induced suppression of TNBC cell invasion, whereas ectopic expression of TP53INP1 and inhibition of ERK1/2 activity blocked MSI2 knockdown-induced TNBC cell invasion. CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrated that MSI2a is the predominant functional isoform of MSI2 proteins in TNBC, that its downregulation is associated with TNBC progression and poor prognosis and that MSI2a expression inhibited TNBC invasion by stabilizing TP53INP1 mRNA and inhibiting ERK1/2 activity. Overall, our study provides new insights into the isoform-specific roles of MSI2a and MSI2b in the tumor progression of TNBC, allowing for novel therapeutic strategies to be developed for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - An-Qi Li
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Ling Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Lv
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wen-Tao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Institute of Pathology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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32
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Lacroix M, Riscal R, Arena G, Linares LK, Le Cam L. Metabolic functions of the tumor suppressor p53: Implications in normal physiology, metabolic disorders, and cancer. Mol Metab 2020; 33:2-22. [PMID: 31685430 PMCID: PMC7056927 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The TP53 gene is one of the most commonly inactivated tumor suppressors in human cancers. p53 functions during cancer progression have been linked to a variety of transcriptional and non-transcriptional activities that lead to the tight control of cell proliferation, senescence, DNA repair, and cell death. However, converging evidence indicates that p53 also plays a major role in metabolism in both normal and cancer cells. SCOPE OF REVIEW We provide an overview of the current knowledge on the metabolic activities of wild type (WT) p53 and highlight some of the mechanisms by which p53 contributes to whole body energy homeostasis. We will also pinpoint some evidences suggesting that deregulation of p53-associated metabolic activities leads to human pathologies beyond cancer, including obesity, diabetes, liver, and cardiovascular diseases. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS p53 is activated when cells are metabolically challenged but the origin, duration, and intensity of these stresses will dictate the outcome of the p53 response. p53 plays pivotal roles both upstream and downstream of several key metabolic regulators and is involved in multiple feedback-loops that ensure proper cellular homeostasis. The physiological roles of p53 in metabolism involve complex mechanisms of regulation implicating both cell autonomous effects as well as autocrine loops. However, the mechanisms by which p53 coordinates metabolism at the organismal level remain poorly understood. Perturbations of p53-regulated metabolic activities contribute to various metabolic disorders and are pivotal during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Lacroix
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Equipe labélisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, France
| | - Romain Riscal
- Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, INSERM U1030, Villejuif, France
| | - Laetitia Karine Linares
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Equipe labélisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, France
| | - Laurent Le Cam
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM, Université de Montpellier, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Equipe labélisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, France.
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33
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Alzheimer’s Disease Genetics: Review of Novel Loci Associated with Disease. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40142-020-00182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Truncated PPM1D impairs stem cell response to genotoxic stress and promotes growth of APC-deficient tumors in the mouse colon. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:818. [PMID: 31659152 PMCID: PMC6817818 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1 delta (PPM1D) terminates cell response to genotoxic stress by negatively regulating the tumor suppressor p53 and other targets at chromatin. Mutations in the exon 6 of the PPM1D result in production of a highly stable, C-terminally truncated PPM1D. These gain-of-function PPM1D mutations are present in various human cancers but their role in tumorigenesis remains unresolved. Here we show that truncated PPM1D impairs activation of the cell cycle checkpoints in human non-transformed RPE cells and allows proliferation in the presence of DNA damage. Next, we developed a mouse model by introducing a truncating mutation in the PPM1D locus and tested contribution of the oncogenic PPM1DT allele to colon tumorigenesis. We found that p53 pathway was suppressed in colon stem cells harboring PPM1DT resulting in proliferation advantage under genotoxic stress condition. In addition, truncated PPM1D promoted tumor growth in the colon in Apcmin mice and diminished survival. Moreover, tumor organoids derived from colon of the ApcminPpm1dT/+ mice were less sensitive to 5-fluorouracil when compared to ApcminPpm1d+/+and the sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil was restored by inhibition of PPM1D. Finally, we screened colorectal cancer patients and identified recurrent somatic PPM1D mutations in a fraction of colon adenocarcinomas that are p53 proficient and show defects in mismatch DNA repair. In summary, we provide the first in vivo evidence that truncated PPM1D can promote tumor growth and modulate sensitivity to chemotherapy.
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35
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Liebl MC, Hofmann TG. Cell Fate Regulation upon DNA Damage: p53 Serine 46 Kinases Pave the Cell Death Road. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1900127. [PMID: 31621101 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mild and massive DNA damage are differentially integrated into the cellular signaling networks and, in consequence, provoke different cell fate decisions. After mild damage, the tumor suppressor p53 directs the cellular response to cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and cell survival, whereas upon severe damage, p53 drives the cell death response. One posttranslational modification of p53, phosphorylation at Serine 46, selectively occurs after severe DNA damage and is envisioned as a marker of the cell death response. However, the molecular mechanism of action of the p53 Ser46 phospho-isomer, the molecular timing of this phosphorylation event, and its activating effects on apoptosis and ferroptosis still await exploration. In this essay, the current body of evidence on the molecular function of this deadly p53 mark, its evolutionary conservation, and the regulation of the key players of this response, the p53 Serine 46 kinases, are reviewed and dissected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena C Liebl
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas G Hofmann
- Institute of Toxicology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg, University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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Xia X, Lu H, Li C, Huang Y, Wang Y, Yang X, Zheng JC. miR-106b regulates the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells through Tp53inp1-Tp53-Cdkn1a axis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:282. [PMID: 31547867 PMCID: PMC6755702 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1387-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies suggested that miR-17~106 family was involved in the regulation of neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs). However, distinct function of each family member was reported in regulating stem cells within and without the brain. Hence, to investigate the roles of individual miRNAs in miR-17~106 family and mechanisms underlying their effects on neurogenesis is important to extend our understanding in the CNS development. Methods Here, we examined the influence of miR-106a/b on the proliferation, differentiation, and survival of embryonic NPCs using specific mimics and inhibitor. The targets of miR-106a/b were identified from miRNA target prediction database and confirmed by luciferase assay. Specific siRNAs were utilized to erase the effects of miR-106a/b on the expression levels of target genes. Results A positive correlation was observed between the temporal reduction of miR-106a/b expression levels and the decline of NPC pools in vivo and in vitro. The perturbation of miR-106’s function approaches revealed that miR-106b, but not miR-106a, facilitated the maintenance of NPCs and repressed the generation of both neuronal and glial cells, without preference to a particular lineage. No effect was observed for miR-106a/b in NPCs’ survival. The influence of miR-106b on NPCs’ proliferation and differentiation is likely achieved by directly inhibiting the expression of Tp53inp1 and Cdkn1a, key components of Tp53inp1-Tp53-Cdkn1a axis. Conclusion Our study demonstrated a novel axis, miR-106b-Tp53inp1-Tp53-Cdkn1a, in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1387-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Xia
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Hongfang Lu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yunlong Huang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.,Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5930, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Jialin C Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5930, USA. .,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5930, USA.
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Bullard WL, Kara M, Gay LA, Sethuraman S, Wang Y, Nirmalan S, Esemenli A, Feswick A, Hoffman BA, Renne R, Tibbetts SA. Identification of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 miRNA-mRNA hybrids reveals miRNA target conservation among gammaherpesviruses including host translation and protein modification machinery. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007843. [PMID: 31393953 PMCID: PMC6687095 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gammaherpesviruses, including the human pathogens Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), establish lifelong latent infection in B cells and are associated with a variety of tumors. In addition to protein coding genes, these viruses encode numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) within their genomes. While putative host targets of EBV and KSHV miRNAs have been previously identified, the specific functions of these miRNAs during in vivo infection are largely unknown. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) is a natural pathogen of rodents that is genetically related to both EBV and KSHV, and thus serves as an excellent model for the study of EBV and KSHV genetic elements such as miRNAs in the context of infection and disease. However, the specific targets of MHV68 miRNAs remain completely unknown. Using a technique known as qCLASH (quick crosslinking, ligation, and sequencing of hybrids), we have now identified thousands of Ago-associated, direct miRNA-mRNA interactions during lytic infection, latent infection and reactivation from latency. Validating this approach, detailed molecular analyses of specific interactions demonstrated repression of numerous host mRNA targets of MHV68 miRNAs, including Arid1a, Ctsl, Ifitm3 and Phc3. Notably, of the 1,505 MHV68 miRNA-host mRNA targets identified in B cells, 86% were shared with either EBV or KSHV, and 64% were shared among all three viruses, demonstrating significant conservation of gammaherpesvirus miRNA targeting. Pathway analysis of MHV68 miRNA targets further revealed enrichment of cellular pathways involved in protein synthesis and protein modification, including eIF2 Signaling, mTOR signaling and protein ubiquitination, pathways also enriched for targets of EBV and KSHV miRNAs. These findings provide substantial new information about specific targets of MHV68 miRNAs and shed important light on likely conserved functions of gammaherpesvirus miRNAs. Gammaherpesviruses, including the human pathogens Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), establish lifelong infections and are associated with a variety of tumors. These viruses encode numerous molecules called microRNAs (miRNAs) within their genomes, which target and suppress the products of specific genes within infected host cells. However, the function of these miRNAs during in vivo infection is largely unknown. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68) is a natural pathogen of rodents that is genetically related to both EBV and KSHV, and thus serves as an excellent model for the study of EBV and KSHV. Here, we describe the identification and validation of thousands of new MHV68 miRNA targets. Notably, 86% of the MHV68 miRNA targets identified were shared with either EBV or KSHV, and 64% were shared among all three viruses. Further analyses revealed enrichment of cellular pathways involved in protein synthesis and protein modification, including pathways also enriched for targets of EBV and KSHV miRNAs. These findings provide substantial new information about specific targets of MHV68 miRNAs and shed important light on likely conserved functions of gammaherpesvirus miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney L. Bullard
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mehmet Kara
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lauren A. Gay
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sunantha Sethuraman
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Yiping Wang
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Shreya Nirmalan
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Alim Esemenli
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - April Feswick
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Brett A. Hoffman
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rolf Renne
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Scott A. Tibbetts
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, UF Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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38
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McKenzie JA, Mbofung RM, Malu S, Zhang M, Ashkin E, Devi S, Williams L, Tieu T, Peng W, Pradeep S, Xu C, Zorro Manrique S, Liu C, Huang L, Chen Y, Forget MA, Haymaker C, Bernatchez C, Satani N, Muller F, Roszik J, Kalra A, Heffernan T, Sood A, Hu J, Amaria R, Davis RE, Hwu P. The Effect of Topoisomerase I Inhibitors on the Efficacy of T-Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy. J Natl Cancer Inst 2019; 110:777-786. [PMID: 29267866 PMCID: PMC6037061 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djx257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immunotherapy has increasingly become a staple in cancer treatment. However, substantial limitations in the durability of response highlight the need for more rational therapeutic combinations. The aim of this study is to investigate how to make tumor cells more sensitive to T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy. Methods Two pairs of melanoma patient-derived tumor cell lines and their autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were utilized in a high-throughput screen of 850 compounds to identify bioactive agents that could be used in combinatorial strategies to improve T-cell-mediated killing of tumor cells. RNAi, overexpression, and gene expression analyses were utilized to identify the mechanism underlying the effect of Topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors on T-cell-mediated killing. Using a syngeneic mouse model (n = 5 per group), the antitumor efficacy of the combination of a clinically relevant Top1 inhibitor, liposomal irinotecan (MM-398), with immune checkpoint inhibitors was also assessed. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results We found that Top1 inhibitors increased the sensitivity of patient-derived melanoma cell lines (n = 7) to T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity (P < .001, Dunnett’s test). This enhancement is mediated by TP53INP1, whose overexpression increased the susceptibility of melanoma cell lines to T-cell cytotoxicity (2549 cell line: P = .009, unpaired t test), whereas its knockdown impeded T-cell killing of Top1 inhibitor–treated melanoma cells (2549 cell line: P < .001, unpaired t test). In vivo, greater tumor control was achieved with MM-398 in combination with α-PD-L1 or α-PD1 (P < .001, Tukey’s test). Prolonged survival was also observed in tumor-bearing mice treated with MM-398 in combination with α-PD-L1 (P = .002, log-rank test) or α-PD1 (P = .008, log-rank test). Conclusions We demonstrated that Top1 inhibitors can improve the antitumor efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, thus providing the basis for developing novel strategies using Top1 inhibitors to augment the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sunila Pradeep
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine
| | - Chunyu Xu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology
| | | | | | - Lu Huang
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ashish Kalra
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA
| | | | - Anil Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-coding RNA
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Nishimoto M, Nishikawa S, Kondo N, Wanifuchi-Endo Y, Hato Y, Hisada T, Dong Y, Okuda K, Sugiura H, Kato H, Takahashi S, Toyama T. Prognostic impact of TP53INP1 gene expression in estrogen receptor α-positive breast cancer patients. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2019; 49:567-575. [PMID: 30855679 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyz029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor protein 53-induced nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1) is a key stress protein with tumor suppressor function. Several studies have demonstrated TP53INP1 downregulation in many cancers. In this study, we investigated the correlations of TP53INP1 mRNA expression in breast cancer tissues with prognosis and the correlations of microRNAs that regulate TP53INP1 expression in breast cancer patients with long follow-up. METHODS A total of 453 invasive breast cancer tissues were analyzed for TP53INP1 mRNA expression. We examined correlations of clinicopathological factors and expression levels of TP53INP1 mRNA in these samples. The expressions of miR-155, miR-569 and markers associated with tumor-initiating capacity were also analyzed. The median follow-up period was 9.0 years. RESULTS We found positive correlations between low expression of TP53INP1 mRNA and shorter disease-free survival and overall survival in breast cancer patients (P = 0.0002 and P < 0.0001, respectively), as well as in estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive patients receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy (P = 0.01 and P = 0.0008, respectively). No correlations were found in ERα-negative patients. Low TP53INP1 mRNA levels positively correlated with higher grade and ERα-negativity. Multivariate analysis indicated that TP53INP1 mRNA level was an independent risk factor for overall survival both in overall breast cancer patients (hazard ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-3.92) and ERα-positive patients (hazard ratio, 2.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-4.64). CONCLUSIONS We show that low expression of TP53INP1 is an independent factor of poor prognosis in breast cancer patients, especially ERα-positive patients. TP53INP1 might be a promising candidate biomarker and therapeutic target in ERα-positive breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Nishimoto
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Sayaka Nishikawa
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Naoto Kondo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Yumi Wanifuchi-Endo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Yukari Hato
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Tomoka Hisada
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Yu Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Katsuhiro Okuda
- Department of Oncology, Immunology and Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Hiroshi Sugiura
- Department of Education and Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Toyama
- Department of Breast Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
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40
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SUMOylation Evoked by Oxidative Stress Reduced Lens Epithelial Cell Antioxidant Functions by Increasing the Stability and Transcription of TP53INP1 in Age-Related Cataracts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7898069. [PMID: 31281592 PMCID: PMC6590620 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7898069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cataracts. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins have great effects on cell stress response. Previous studies have shown that TP53INP1 can arrest cell growth and induce apoptosis by modulating p53 transcriptional activity and that both TP53INP1 and p53 are substrates of SUMOylation. However, no previous research has studied the effect of SUMOylation on the oxidative stress response in cataracts. This is the first study to investigate the effect of SUMOylation of TP53INP1 in oxidative stress-induced lens epithelial cell injury and age-related cataract formation. We found that the oxidative stress-induced endogenous SUMOylation of TP53INP1 promoted human lens epithelial cell (holed) apoptosis and regulated hLEC antioxidant effects by increasing the stability and transcription of TP53INP1 in age-related cataracts. SUMO-1, SUMOylation, and TP53INP1 were upregulated in lens tissues affected by age-related cataracts. A SUMO-1-specific protease, SENP1, acted as an oxidative stress-sensitive target gene in hLECs. This study identified for the first time that TP53INP1 can be SUMOylated in vivo, that the SUMOylation of TP53INP1 is induced by oxidative stress, and that SUMOylation/deSUMOylation can affect the stability and transcription of TP53INP1 in hLECs.
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41
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Henriksen TI, Wigge LV, Nielsen J, Pedersen BK, Sandri M, Scheele C. Dysregulated autophagy in muscle precursor cells from humans with type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8169. [PMID: 31160616 PMCID: PMC6546785 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44535-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is active during cellular remodeling including muscle differentiation. Muscle differentiation is dysregulated in type 2 diabetes and we therefore hypothesize that muscle precursor cells from people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have a dysregulation of their autophagy leading to impaired myogenesis. Muscle precursor cells were isolated from people with T2DM or healthy controls and differentiated in vitro. Autophagy marker levels were assessed by immunoblotting. Differentially expressed autophagy-related genes between healthy and T2DM groups were identified based on a previously published RNA-sequencing data-set, which we verified by RT-qPCR. siRNA was used to assess the function of differentially expressed autophagy genes. Basal autophagy increases during human muscle differentiation, while T2DM muscle cells have reduced levels of autophagy marker ATG7 and show a blunted response to starvation. Moreover, we demonstrate that the 3 non-canonical autophagy genes DRAM1, VAMP8 and TP53INP1 as differentially expressed between healthy and T2DM groups during myoblast differentiation, and that T53INP1 knock-down alters expression of both pro-and anti-apoptotic genes. In vitro differentiated T2DM muscle cells show differential expression of autophagy-related genes. These genes do not regulate myogenic transcription factors but may rather be involved in p53-associated myoblast apoptosis during early myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T I Henriksen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center, Section for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - L V Wigge
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Nielsen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - B K Pedersen
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Sandri
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - C Scheele
- The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and the Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center, Section for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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42
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Du J, Yang ST, Liu J, Zhang KX, Leng JY. Silence of LncRNA GAS5 Protects Cardiomyocytes H9c2 against Hypoxic Injury via Sponging miR- 142- 5p. Mol Cells 2019; 42:397-405. [PMID: 31085811 PMCID: PMC6537652 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulatory role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) in both cancerous and noncancerous cells have been widely reported. This study aimed to evaluate the role of lncRNA GAS5 in heart failure caused by myocardial infarction. We reported that silence of lncRNA GAS5 attenuated hypoxia-triggered cell death, as cell viability was increased and apoptosis rate was decreased. This phenomenon was coupled with the down-regulated expression of p53, Bax and cleaved caspase-3, as well as the up-regulated expression of CyclinD1, CDK4 and Bcl-2. At the meantime, the expression of four heart failure-related miRNAs was altered when lncRNA GAS5 was silenced (miR-21 and miR-142-5p were up-regulated; miR-30b and miR-93 were down-regulated). RNA immunoprecipitation assay results showed that lncRNA GAS5 worked as a molecular sponge for miR-142-5p. More interestingly, the protective actions of lncRNA GAS5 silence on hypoxia-stimulated cells were attenuated by miR-142-5p suppression. Besides, TP53INP1 was a target gene for miR-142-5p. Silence of lncRNA GAS5 promoted the activation of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling pathways in a miR-142-5p-dependent manner. Collectively, this study demonstrated that silence of lncRNA GAS5 protected H9c2 cells against hypoxia-induced injury possibly via sponging miR-142-5p, functionally releasing TP53INP1 mRNA transcripts that are normally targeted by miR-142-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Du
- Department of Cadre Ward, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021,
China
| | - Si-Tong Yang
- Department of Cadre Ward, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021,
China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Cadre Ward, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021,
China
| | - Ke-Xin Zhang
- Department of Cadre Ward, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021,
China
| | - Ji-Yan Leng
- Department of Cadre Ward, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021,
China
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43
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Zhang F, Yang C, Xing Z, Liu P, Zhang B, Ma X, Huang L, Zhuang L. LncRNA GAS5-mediated miR-1323 promotes tumor progression by targeting TP53INP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4013-4023. [PMID: 31190897 PMCID: PMC6535457 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s209439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: MiR-1323 was identified in 2006. Until now, the roles and mechanisms of miR-1323 in the progression of cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions, roles and mechanisms of miR-1323 in HCC development. Methods: QRT-PCR was used to evaluate the expressions of miR-1323, GAS5 and TP53INP1 in HCC tissues and cell lines. CCK-8 assay, transwell invasion assay and flow cytometry assay were conducted to evaluate the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of HCC cells. Luciferase assay was used to identify microRNA-target interaction. Results: Firstly, our results showed that miR-1323 promoted proliferation and invasion, and inhibited apoptosis of HCC cells. Secondly, we found that TP53INP1 was a direct target of miR-1323 and could reverse the effects of miR-1323 on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of HCC cells. Thirdly, our results showed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) GAS5 and miR-1323 could interact with each other and affect biological processes of HCC cells. Furthermore, we identified the negative correlations between miR-1323 and TP53INP1, and between miR-1323 and GAS5 in tumor tissues of patients with HCC. Conclusion: Taken together, our study revealed the important roles of GAS5/miR-1323/TP53INP1 axis in HCC progression. This study also provided promising strategies for targeted therapy of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Xing
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuye Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - Likun Zhuang
- Institute of Transplantation Science, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
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44
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Yamada K, Yoshida K. Mechanical insights into the regulation of programmed cell death by p53 via mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:839-848. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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45
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Fang H, Liu Y, He Y, Jiang Y, Wei Y, Liu H, Gong Y, An G. Extracellular vesicle‑delivered miR‑505‑5p, as a diagnostic biomarker of early lung adenocarcinoma, inhibits cell apoptosis by targeting TP53AIP1. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1821-1832. [PMID: 30864684 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LA) is the most commonly occurring histological type of non‑small cell lung cancer. Diagnosis and treatment of LA remain a major clinical challenge. In the present study, to identify early LA biomarkers, extracellular vesicles (EVs) were separated from the plasma samples from 153 patients with LA and 75 healthy controls. microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling was performed at the screening stage (5 patients with LA vs. 5 controls), followed by verification at the validation stage (40 patients with LA vs. 20 controls) using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). The four disordered miRNAs (miR‑505‑5p, miR‑486‑3p, miR‑486‑3p and miR‑382‑3p) identified in the plasma EVs were further evaluated at the testing stage (108 patients with LA vs. 50 controls) by RT‑qPCR. It was revealed that miR‑505‑5p was upregulated, whereas miR‑382‑3p was downregulated, in the EVs from patients with LA. Furthermore, miR‑505‑5p was also upregulated in tumor tissues, compared with adjacent non‑tumor control tissues. Subsequently, the direct targets of miR‑505‑5p were predicted using bioinformatics analyses, and verified by luciferase assay and immunoblotting. The present study determined that miR‑505‑5p functions as an oncogene, promoting lung cancer cell proliferation and inhibiting cancer cell apoptosis via the targeting of tumor protein P53‑regulated apoptosis‑inducing protein 1 (TP53AIP1). Finally, it was confirmed that miR‑505‑5p in plasma EVs could be delivered to lung cancer cells, inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting cell proliferation by targeting TP53AIP1. In conclusion, the present study indicated that miRNA‑505‑5p functions as an oncogene that may be used as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Fang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao‑Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Yaohong He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fuxing Hospital, The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fuxing Hospital, The Eighth Clinical Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Wei
- Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Oncology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Yueqing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Guangyu An
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chao‑Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
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46
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Aning OA, Cheok CF. Drugging in the absence of p53. J Mol Cell Biol 2019; 11:255-264. [PMID: 30865230 PMCID: PMC6478123 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjz012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inactivation of the p53 gene is a key driver of tumorigenesis in various cancer cohorts and types. The quest for a successful p53-based therapy that holds the promise of treating more than half of the cancer population has culminated in extensive knowledge about the role and function of p53 and led to new proposed innovative strategies against p53-defective cancers. We will discuss some of these latest studies with a focus on metabolic regulation and DNA damage response and also highlight novel functions of p53 in these pathways that may provide a contemporary rationale for targeting p53 loss in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chit Fang Cheok
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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47
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Chanyshev MD, Koval OA, Nushtaeva AA, Gulyaeva LF. Effect of benzo[a]pyrene on the expression of miR-126, miR-190a and their target genes EGFL7, TP53INP1 and PHLPP1 in primary endometrial cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22314. [PMID: 30811740 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The main topic of this study was to investigate the effect of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) on microRNAs and their target genes expression levels in primary cell cultures from normal and malignant endometrial tissue. MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) and miR-190a were most sensitive to BP treatment. The treatment of both cultures with BP was accompanied by a decrease of miR-126 level and an increase of EGFL7 gene expression level. BP-induced upregulation of miR-190a was detected only in normal cells and it was accompanied with decrease of mRNA levels of TP53INP1 and PHLPP1 genes. Taking into account that BP promoted the proliferation of normal cells and amplified apoptosis of cancer cells, it is possible that miR-190a is involved in general cellular response to BP. The findings of this study indicate that miR-190a and its target genes may be involved in the regulation of cell fate under BP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Chanyshev
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - O A Koval
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - A A Nushtaeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - L F Gulyaeva
- Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
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48
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El Husseini N, Hales BF. The Roles of P53 and Its Family Proteins, P63 and P73, in the DNA Damage Stress Response in Organogenesis-Stage Mouse Embryos. Toxicol Sci 2019; 162:439-449. [PMID: 29228353 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the P53 transcription factor family, P53, P63, and P73, play important roles in normal development and in regulating the expression of genes that control apoptosis and cell cycle progression in response to genotoxic stress. P53 is involved in the DNA damage response pathway that is activated by hydroxyurea in organogenesis-stage murine embryos. The extent to which P63 and P73 contribute to this stress response is not known. To address this question, we examined the roles of P53, P63, and P73 in mediating the response of Trp53-positive and Trp53-deficient murine embryos to a single dose of hydroxyurea (400 mg/kg) on gestational day 9. Hydroxyurea treatment downregulated the expression of Trp63 and upregulated Trp73 in the absence of effects on the levels of Trp53 transcripts; Trp73 upregulation was P53-dependent. At the protein level, hydroxyurea treatment increased the levels and phosphorylation of P53 in the absence of effects on P63 and P73. Upregulation of the expression of genes that regulate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, Cdkn1a, Rb1, Fas, Trp53inp1, and Pmaip1, was P53-dependent in hydroxyurea-treated embryos. The increase in cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved mammalian sterile-20-like-1 kinase levels induced by hydroxyurea was also P53-dependent; in contrast, the increase in phosphorylated H2AX, a marker of DNA double-strand breaks, in response to hydroxyurea treatment was only partially P53-dependent. Together, our data show that P53 is the principal P53 family member that is activated in the embryonic DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazem El Husseini
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Barbara F Hales
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 1Y6, Canada
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49
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Melnik BC, Schmitz G. Exosomes of pasteurized milk: potential pathogens of Western diseases. J Transl Med 2019; 17:3. [PMID: 30602375 PMCID: PMC6317263 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1760-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Milk consumption is a hallmark of western diet. According to common believes, milk consumption has beneficial effects for human health. Pasteurization of cow's milk protects thermolabile vitamins and other organic compounds including bioactive and bioavailable exosomes and extracellular vesicles in the range of 40-120 nm, which are pivotal mediators of cell communication via systemic transfer of specific micro-ribonucleic acids, mRNAs and regulatory proteins such as transforming growth factor-β. There is compelling evidence that human and bovine milk exosomes play a crucial role for adequate metabolic and immunological programming of the newborn infant at the beginning of extrauterine life. Milk exosomes assist in executing an anabolic, growth-promoting and immunological program confined to the postnatal period in all mammals. However, epidemiological and translational evidence presented in this review indicates that continuous exposure of humans to exosomes of pasteurized milk may confer a substantial risk for the development of chronic diseases of civilization including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, common cancers (prostate, breast, liver, B-cells) as well as Parkinson's disease. Exosomes of pasteurized milk may represent new pathogens that should not reach the human food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C. Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 7A, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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Brady OA, Jeong E, Martina JA, Pirooznia M, Tunc I, Puertollano R. The transcription factors TFE3 and TFEB amplify p53 dependent transcriptional programs in response to DNA damage. eLife 2018; 7:40856. [PMID: 30520728 PMCID: PMC6292694 DOI: 10.7554/elife.40856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factors TFE3 and TFEB cooperate to regulate autophagy induction and lysosome biogenesis in response to starvation. Here we demonstrate that DNA damage activates TFE3 and TFEB in a p53 and mTORC1 dependent manner. RNA-Seq analysis of TFEB/TFE3 double-knockout cells exposed to etoposide reveals a profound dysregulation of the DNA damage response, including upstream regulators and downstream p53 targets. TFE3 and TFEB contribute to sustain p53-dependent response by stabilizing p53 protein levels. In TFEB/TFE3 DKOs, p53 half-life is significantly decreased due to elevated Mdm2 levels. Transcriptional profiles of genes involved in lysosome membrane permeabilization and cell death pathways are dysregulated in TFEB/TFE3-depleted cells. Consequently, prolonged DNA damage results in impaired LMP and apoptosis induction. Finally, expression of multiple genes implicated in cell cycle control is altered in TFEB/TFE3 DKOs, revealing a previously unrecognized role of TFEB and TFE3 in the regulation of cell cycle checkpoints in response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen A Brady
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, United States
| | - Eutteum Jeong
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, United States
| | - José A Martina
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, United States
| | - Mehdi Pirooznia
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, United States
| | - Ilker Tunc
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, United States
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Cell and Developmental Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Maryland, United States
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