1
|
Wang Z, Jiang Y, Li Z, Weng L, Xiao C. Herbal textual research of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) redouté and screening of quality-markers based on 'pharmacodynamics-substance'. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 332:118324. [PMID: 38754643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Belamcanda chinensis (L.) Redouté is widely distributed in East Asia, such as China, Russia and North Korea. Belamcandae Rhizoma is the sun-dried rhizome of B. chinensis and has a long history of traditional medicinal use. It was first recorded in the Shennong's Herbal Classic, and has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, eliminating phlegm and benefiting the pharynx. AIM OF THE STUDY To systematically study the source of Belamcandae Rhizoma, summarize the evolution of its medicinal properties, efficacy and the application history of its prescriptions, summarize its biological activity, phytochemistry, synthetic metabolic pathway and toxicology, and screen the Quality-Markers of Belamcandae Rhizoma according to the screening principle of traditional Chinese medicine Quality-Markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS All information available on Belamcandae Rhizoma was collected using electronic search engines, such as Pubmed, Web of Science, CNKI, WFO (www.worldfloraonline.org), MPNS (https://mpsn.kew.org), Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Library collections, Chinese Medical Classics. RESULTS The source of Belamcandae Rhizoma is B. chinensis of Iridaceae. It has a long history of application in China. It has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, eliminating phlegm and promoting pharynx. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that it has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor and other physiological activities, and is safe and non-toxic at normal application doses. At present, tectoridin, iridin, tectorigenin, irigenin and irisflorentin are identified as the Quality-Markers of Belamcandae Rhizoma. CONCLUSIONS As a traditional Chinese medicine, Belamcandae Rhizoma has a long history of application, and multifaceted studies have demonstrated that Belamcandae Rhizoma is a promising Chinese medicine with good application prospects. By reviewing and identifying the Quality-Markers of Belamcandae Rhizoma, this study can help to establish the evaluation procedure of it on the one hand, and identify the shortcomings research on the other hand. Currently, there are few studies on the anabolism and toxicology of it, and future studies may focus on its in vivo processes, toxicology and adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Yuxin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Lili Weng
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| | - Chunping Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, Changchun, 130000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rong J, Fu F, Han C, Wu Y, Xia Q, Du D. Tectorigenin: A Review of Its Sources, Pharmacology, Toxicity, and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2023; 28:5904. [PMID: 37570873 PMCID: PMC10421414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tectorigenin is a well-known natural flavonoid aglycone and an active component that exists in numerous plants. Growing evidence suggests that tectorigenin has multiple pharmacological effects, such as anticancer, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective. These pharmacological properties provide the basis for the treatment of many kinds of illnesses, including several types of cancer, diabetes, hepatic fibrosis, osteoarthritis, Alzheimer's disease, etc. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive summary and review of the sources, extraction and synthesis, pharmacological effects, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and delivery strategy aspects of tectorigenin. Tectorigenin may exert certain cytotoxicity, which is related to the administration time and concentration. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that the main metabolic pathways in rats for tectorigenin are glucuronidation, sulfation, demethylation and methoxylation, but that it exhibits poor bioavailability. From our perspective, further research on tectorigenin should cover: exploring the pharmacological targets and mechanisms of action; finding an appropriate concentration to balance pharmacological effects and toxicity; attempting diversified delivery strategies to improve the bioavailability; and structural modification to obtain tectorigenin derivatives with higher pharmacological activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rong
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Fei Fu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Chenxia Han
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Yaling Wu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qing Xia
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
| | - Dan Du
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (J.R.); (C.H.)
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (F.F.); (Y.W.)
- Proteomics-Metabolomics Platform, Research Core Facility, West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Centre, Institutes for Systems Genetics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen C, Li X, Kano Y, Yuan D, Qu J. Oriental traditional herbal Medicine--Puerariae Flos: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116089. [PMID: 36621660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pueraria Flos (PF), a traditional herbal medicine, is botanically from the dried flowers of Pueraria lobate (Willd.) Ohwi. (Chinese: ) or Pueraria thomsonii Benth. (Chinese: ). It has a long history of thousands of years in China for awakening the spleen, clearing the lungs, relieving alcohol. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to report the up-to-date research progress in ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology, metabolism and therapeutic application of PF, so as to provide a strong basis for future clinical treatment and scientific research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information on PF was collected from scientific literature databases including PubMed, CNKI and other literature sources (Ph.D. and M.Sc. dissertations and Chinese herbal classic books) by using the keyword "Puerariae". RESULTS Briefly, phytochemical research report has isolated 39 flavonoids, 19 saponins and 25 volatile oils from PF. Flavonoids and saponins are the most important bioactive compounds, and most of the quality control studies focus on these two types of compounds. Modern pharmacological studies have revealed their significant biological activities in relieving alcoholism, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidation, which provides theoretical support for the traditional use. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive analysis showed that pharmacological activity of most purified compounds from PF had not been reported. Kakkalide, tectoridin and their deglycosylated metabolites (irisolidone and tectorigenin) has been focused on excessively due to their higher content and better activities. This leads to low development and resources waste. Interestingly, PF made a breakthrough in the field of food. Many kinds of fat-lowering foods such as PILLBOX Onaka have been popular in Japan market, which received extensive attention. Therefore, we suggest that future research can be paid attention on the development of the plant's function in the field of food and medicine, as well as the transformation from experimental to clinical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cai Chen
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Institute (College) of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, South Road of Lvshun, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yoshihiro Kano
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Jialin Qu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 222, Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu W, Fu C, Zhou H, Liu G, Zheng J, Liu H, Li M, Shen A, Liu Y, Liang X. Integrated strategy for identifying isoflavones in Belamcandae Rhizoma based on the combination of mass defect filtering and neutral-loss-triggered multistage fragmentation. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1679:463379. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
5
|
Patel DK. Medicinal Importance, Pharmacological Activities and Analytical Aspects of an Isoflavone Glycoside Tectoridin. CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x19666220411133129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Polyphenols are a group of plant secondary metabolites that are produced in plants as a protective system against oxidative stress, UV radiation, pathogens and predator’s attack. Flavonoids are major class of plant phenolics found to be present in fruits, vegetables, tea and red wine. Tectoridin also called 40,5,7-thrihydroxy-6-methoxyisoflavone-7-Ob-D-glucopyranoside is an isoflavone glycoside found to be present in the flower of Porites lobata.
Methods:
Present work focused on the biological importance, therapeutic potential and pharmacological activities of tectoridin in medicine. Numerous scientific data has been collected from different literature databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed and Scopus in order to know the health beneficial potential of tectoridin. Pharmacological data have been analyzed in the present work to know the biological effectiveness of tectoridin against human disorders. Analytical data of tectoridin have been collected and analyzed in the present work in order to know the importance of modern analytical method in the isolation, separation and identification of tectoridin.
Results:
Scientific data analysis revealed the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of tectoridin in medicine, signifying the therapeutic potential of tectoridin in the healthcare systems. Biological activities of tectoridin are mainly due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet, anti-angiogenic, hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, estrogenic, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activity. However effectiveness of tectoridin against rat lens aldose reductase, nitric oxide, skeletal and cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum and enzymes have been also presented in this work. Analytical data signified the importance of modern analytical techniques for the separation, identification and isolation of tectoridin.
Conclusion:
Present work signified the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of tectoridin in the medicine and other allied health sectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yuen GKW, Ho BSY, Lin LSY, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Tectoridin Stimulates the Activity of Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Promotes Hair Shaft Elongation in Mouse Vibrissae Hair Follicle Culture. Molecules 2022; 27:400. [PMID: 35056713 PMCID: PMC8778330 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To search hair growth-promoting herbal extract, a screening platform of having HEK293T fibroblast being transfected with pTOPFLASH DNA construct was developed over a thousand of herbal extracts and phytochemicals were screened. One of the hits was ethanolic extract of Rhizoma Belamcandae, the rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. Tectoridin, an isoflavone from Rhizoma Belamcandae, was shown to be responsible for this activation of promoter construct, inducing the transcription of pTOPFLASH in the transfected fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. The blockage by DKK-1 suggested the action of tectoridin could be mediated by the Wnt receptor. The hair growth-promoting effects of tectoridin were illustrated in human follicular dermal papilla cells and mouse vibrissae organ cultures. In tectoridin-treated dermal papilla cultures, an activation of Wnt signaling was demonstrated by various indicative markers, including TCF/LEF1 transcriptional activity, nuclear translocation of β-catenin, expressions level of mRNAs encoding axin-related protein, (AXIN2), β-catenin, lymphoid enhancer-binding factor-1 (LEF-1), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). In addition, an increase of hair shaft elongation was observed in cultured mouse vibrissae upon the treatment of tectoridin. Tectoridin, as well as the herbal extract of Rhizoma Belamcandae, possesses hair promoting activity, which deserves further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gary Ka-Wing Yuen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; (G.K.-W.Y.); (T.T.-X.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; (B.S.-Y.H.); (L.S.-Y.L.)
| | - Bryan Siu-Yin Ho
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; (B.S.-Y.H.); (L.S.-Y.L.)
| | - Lish Sheng-Ying Lin
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; (B.S.-Y.H.); (L.S.-Y.L.)
| | - Tina Ting-Xia Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; (G.K.-W.Y.); (T.T.-X.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; (B.S.-Y.H.); (L.S.-Y.L.)
| | - Karl Wah-Keung Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; (G.K.-W.Y.); (T.T.-X.D.)
- Division of Life Science and Centre for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; (B.S.-Y.H.); (L.S.-Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang KX, Dong N, Guo L. Characterization of the metabolites of dichotomitin in rat, monkey and human by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9182. [PMID: 34418186 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dichotomitin is one of the bioactive constituents isolated from Belamcanda chinensis. The goal of this study was to identify the metabolites of dichotomitin produced by liver microsomes and hepatocytes. METHODS Using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC/HRMS), the metabolites were profiled and identified. The exact masses, elemental compositions and product ions of the metabolites were used to characterize their structures. RESULTS A total of ten metabolites were found and identified. The main metabolites identified in the incubation samples were M6 (3',5,6,7-tetrahydroxy-4',5'-dimethoxyisoflavone) and M8 (8-hydroxydichotomitin). Opening of 1,3-benzodioxole, demethylation, hydroxylation, glucuronidation and sulfation were among the metabolic modifications for dichotomitin. A human recombinant cytochrome P450 enzyme study revealed that CYP 1A2, 2C19, and 2D6 facilitated the formation of M6, whereas CYP 1A2 catalyzed the formation of M8 exclusively. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, data on the in vitro metabolic fates of dichotomitin were revealed in this work which would be helpful for us to understand the disposition of this bioactive constituent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Xuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Na Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Women's Vocational College, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Le Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Foreign Studies University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Han J, Xu K, Yan Q, Sui W, Zhang H, Wang S, Zhang Z, Wei Z, Han F. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of Flos Puerariae by using chemical fingerprint in combination with chemometrics method. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:489-499. [PMID: 35811625 PMCID: PMC9257449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to better control the quality of Flos Puerariae (FP), qualitative and quantitative analyses were initially performed by using chemical fingerprint and chemometrics methods in this study. First, the fingerprint of FP was developed by HPLC and the chemical markers were screened out by similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal components analysis (PCA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Next, the chemical constituents in FP were profiled and identified by HPLC coupled to Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (HPLC-FT-ICR MS). Then, the characteristic constituents in FP were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. As a result, 31 common peaks were assigned in the fingerprint and 6 of them were considered as qualitative markers. A total of 35 chemical constituents were detected by HPLC-FT-ICR MS and 16 of them were unambiguously identified by comparing retention time, UV absorption wavelength, accurate mass, and MS/MS data with those of reference standards. Subsequently, the contents of glycitin, genistin, tectoridin, glycitein, genistein, and tectorigenin in 13 batches of FP were detected, ranging from 0.4438 to 11.06 mg/g, 0.955 to 1.726 mg/g, 9.81 to 57.22 mg/g, 3.349 to 41.60 mg/g, 0.3576 to 0.989 mg/g, and 2.126 to 9.99 mg/g, respectively. In conclusion, fingerprint analysis in combination with chemometrics methods could discover chemical markers for improving the quality control standard of FP. It is expected that the strategy applied in this study will be valuable for further quality control of other traditional Chinese medicines. The qualitative and quantitative analysis were carried out for Flos Puerariae. Fingerprints were combined with different chemometrics to discover the qualitative markers FP. Thirty five constituents of FP were characterized by HPLC-FT-ICR MS. Six chemical constituents were simultaneously determined by HPLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, 110031, China
| | - Quanxiang Yan
- Science and Technology Institute of Shenyang Open University, Shenyang, 110003, China
| | - Wenwen Sui
- Shenyang Harmony Health Medical Laboratory, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Sijie Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Ziyun Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Fei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Catorce MN, Gevorkian G. Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Nutraceuticals in LPS-induced Mouse Neuroinflammation Model: An Update. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 18:636-654. [PMID: 31934839 PMCID: PMC7457421 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200114125628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that peripheral infections, accompanied by inflammation, represent significant risk factors for the development of neurological disorders by modifying brain development or affecting normal brain aging. The acute effects of systemic inflammation on progressive and persistent brain damage and cognitive impairment are well documented. Anti-inflammatory therapies may have beneficial effects on the brain, and the protective properties of a wide range of synthetic and natural compounds have been extensively explored in recent years. In our previous review, we provided an extensive analysis of one of the most important and widely-used animal models of peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration - lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. We addressed the data reproducibility in published research and summarized basic features and data on the therapeutic potential of various natural products, nutraceuticals, with known anti-inflammatory effects, for reducing neuroinflammation in this model. Here, recent data on the suitability of the LPS-induced murine neuroinflammation model for preclinical assessment of a large number of nutraceuticals belonging to different groups of natural products such as flavonoids, terpenes, non-flavonoid polyphenols, glycosides, heterocyclic compounds, organic acids, organosulfur compounds and xanthophylls, are summarized. Also, the proposed mechanisms of action of these molecules are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Nava Catorce
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico DF, Mexico
| | - Goar Gevorkian
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico DF, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xiong L, Guo W, Yang Y, Gao D, Wang J, Qu Y, Zhang Y. Tectoridin inhibits the progression of colon cancer through downregulating PKC/p38 MAPK pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2729-2738. [PMID: 33683556 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most familiar malignancies worldwide, with high morbidity and high mortality. This study intended to explore the role and mechanism of tectoridin (TEC) in regulating the progression of colon cancer. First, colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 and SW480 cells) were treated with different doses of TEC (0-200 μM). Then, CCK8 and clone formation experiments were performed to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry and western blot were conducted to examine apoptosis. Subsequently, Transwell assay and wound-healing test was employed to determine the effect of TEC on colon cancer cell invasion and migration. Next, western blot was performed to monitor the PKC/p38 MAPK pathway activation. In addition, a tumor model was established in nude mice to explore the effect of TEC on tumor growth in vivo. TEC dose-dependently dampened the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells and facilitated their apoptosis. In addition, TEC abated the tumor cell growth in vivo. Besides, TEC dose-dependently suppressed the expression of PKC and p38 MAPK. Moreover, inhibiting the PKC pathway almost cancel out the anti-tumor effects induced by TEC. TEC attenuates the colon cancer progression by inhibiting the PKC/p38 MAPK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingfan Xiong
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China
| | - Wenhao Guo
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China. .,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of WlSCO, Wuhan, 430085, Hubei, China
| | - Danping Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Wuhan Hongshan District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuhan, 430073, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of WlSCO, Wuhan, 430085, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li S, Liu C, Guo F, Taleb SJ, Tong M, Shang D. Traditional Chinese Medicine as Potential Therapy for COVID-19. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1263-1277. [PMID: 32907358 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In December 2019, a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, causing the disease COVID-19, spread from Wuhan throughout China and has infected people over 200 countries. Thus far, more than 3,400,000 cases and 240,000 deaths have occurred worldwide, and the coronavirus pandemic continues to grip the globe. While numbers of cases in China have been steadying, the number of infections outside China is increasing at a worrying pace. We face an urgent need to control the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, which is currently expanding to a global pandemic. Efforts have focused on testing antiviral drugs and vaccines, but there is currently no treatment specifically approved. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is grounded in empirical observations and the Chinese people use TCM to overcome these sorts of plagues many times in thousands of years of history. Currently, the Chinese National Health Commission recommended a TCM prescription of Qing-Fei-Pai-Du-Tang (QFPDT) in the latest version of the "Diagnosis and Treatment guidelines of COVID-19" which has been reported to provide reliable effects for COVID-19. While doubts about TCM still exist today, this review paper will describe the rationalities that QFPDT is likely to bring a safe and effective treatment of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China.,Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Fangyue Guo
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Sarah J Taleb
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mengying Tong
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China
| | - Dong Shang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China.,Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China.,Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P. R. China.,Leishenshan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xie Y, Hu F, Xiang D, Lu H, Li W, Zhao A, Huang L, Wang R. The metabolic effect of gut microbiota on drugs. Drug Metab Rev 2020; 52:139-156. [PMID: 32116054 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2020.1718691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicial, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support, PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fangdi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dawei Xiang
- Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicial, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support, PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicial, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support, PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicial, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support, PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Anpeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicial, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support, PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longji Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicial, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support, PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Plateau Medicial, The 940 Hospital of Joint Logistics Support, PLA, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang S, Ma C, Wu H, Zhang H, Yuan F, Yang G, Yang Q, Jia L, Liang Z, Kang L. Tectorigenin attenuates diabetic nephropathy by improving vascular endothelium dysfunction through activating AdipoR1/2 pathway. Pharmacol Res 2020; 153:104678. [PMID: 32014572 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a kind of microvascular complication, is a primary cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. However, therapeutic drugs for DN treatment are still in lack. The glomerular endothelium is essential to maintain selective permeability of glomerular filtration barrier and glomerular vasculature function. Growing evidences show that endothelial dysfunction or injury is the initial stage of vascular damage in DN, which can be induced by hyperglycemia, lipotoxicity, and inflammation. Therefore, to improve the function of vascular endothelium in kidney is a key point for treatment of DN. As a plant isoflavone, tectorigenin (TEC) has attracted considerable attention due to its anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory functions. However, whether TEC could inhibit the DN development remains unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of TEC on DN development in db/db mice, a type of genetic defect diabetic mice that can spontaneously develop into severe renal dysfunction. Intriguingly, TEC treatment restored diabetes-induced glucose and lipid metabolic disorder; and improved the deterioration of renal function, particularly the renal endothelium function in db/db mice. Additionally, TEC inhibited the renal inflammation via reducing macrophages infiltration and M1 polarization. Moreover, TEC inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endothelial injury and M1 polarization in vitro. Mechanistically, TEC partially restored the reduction in expression of adiponectin receptor 1/2 (AdipoR1/2), pi-LKB1, pi-AMPKα, and PPARα in vitro and in vivo. Noteworthy, these beneficial pharmacological activities mediated by TEC were significantly attenuated after AdipoR1/2 knockdown by siRNA, indicating that AdipoR1/2 plays a critical role in protection against DN. Collectively, these results suggested that TEC have a potently effect for retarding type 2 diabetes-associated DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanrui Ma
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China; Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Translational Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengyi Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangyan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijing Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Lin Kang
- Department of Endocrinology, The 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yuan L, Li W, Wang X, Man Z, Li Y, Sun S. Protective Effect of Pueraria Flower in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Rat by Attenuating Inflammatory Pathway. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.766.771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
15
|
Anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis effects of Cm-02 and Ck-02. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 517:155-163. [PMID: 31353084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive deterioration of articular cartilage. There have been reports that small molecule inhibitors have anti-osteoarthritis effects; however, the effects of 3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-6-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2H-benzo[e] [1,3]oxazine-2,4(3H)-dione (Cm-02) and 6-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-2H-benzo[e] [1,3]oxazine-2,4(3H)-dione (Ck-02), small molecule inhibitors which share many structural similarities with quercetin (a potent anti-inflammatory flavonoid), remain unclear. In this study, TNF-α-stimulated porcine and human chondrocyte models were used to investigate the inhibitory effects of Cm-02 and Ck-02 on the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-OA effects. TNF-α was used to stimulate porcine and human chondrocytes to mimic immunomodulatory potency in-vitro. Anti-osteoarthritic effects were characterized in terms of protein and mRNA levels associated with the pathogenesis of OA. We also examined (1) the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-nitric oxide (NO) system in cultured chondrocytes, (2) matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in cultured chondrocytes, and (3) aggrecan degradation in cartilage explants. Finally, we tested the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1), and activate the protein-1 (AP-1), and we tested the signal transduction and activation of transcription-3 (STAT-3). Our results indicate that, in chondrocytes, Cm-02 and Ck-02 inhibit TNF-α induced NO production, iNOS, MMP, the expression of disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS), and the enzyme activity of MMP-13. Furthermore, both Cm-02 and Ck-02 were found to stimulate TNF-α, which has been shown to suppress the activation of several transcription factors, including NF-κB, STAT-3, and IRF-1 in porcine and human chondrocytes. Cm-02 and Ck-02 were also found to help prevent the release of proteoglycans from cartilage explants. Our findings demonstrate that both Cm-02 and Ck-02 have potent anti-inflammatory activities and the ability to protect cartilage in an OA cell model. These findings indicate that Cm-02 and Ck-02 have the potential to be further developed for the therapeutic treatment of OA.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ma Y, He Y, Yin T, Chen H, Gao S, Hu M. Metabolism of Phenolic Compounds in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 Cells Can Impact Their Anti-inflammatory efficacy: Indication of Hesperetin. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:6042-6052. [PMID: 29792322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Raw264.7 is a murine macrophage-like cell line commonly used to study the anti-inflammatory efficacy of natural compounds. However, the impacts of long-time incubation on the tested compounds are often inappropriately ignored. Among 77 natural phenolic compounds (mainly flavonoids), only 36 remain more than 70% after a 15-h incubation in cell culture medium at 37 °C. Interestingly, for those compounds with a relatively good chemical stability, the presence of Raw264.7 cells could accelerate their disappearance in the medium, indicating that cellular metabolism occurred. As a representative phenolic, hesperetin was found to be efficiently metabolized by Raw264.7 cells and the metabolite was identified as a glucuronide in the further investigation. The glucuronidation activity is constitutive in this cell line. At certain concentration levels of hesperetin, the ability of hesperetin to inhibit PGD2 production in LPS-induced Raw264.7 cells was significantly enhanced by introducing β-glucuronidase, which can hydrolyze hesperetin glucuronide, into the incubation medium. The results indicate that glucuronidation and excretion of hesperetin can significantly impact its bioactivity in Raw264.7 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ma
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Houston , 1441 Moursund Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Yu He
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Houston , 1441 Moursund Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Taijun Yin
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Houston , 1441 Moursund Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Haoqing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics , University of Houston , 4800 Calhoun Road , Houston , Texas 77004 , United States
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Houston , 1441 Moursund Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Ming Hu
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy , University of Houston , 1441 Moursund Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lee SY, Kim GT, Yun HM, Kim YC, Kwon IK, Kim EC. Tectorigenin Promotes Osteoblast Differentiation and in vivo Bone Healing, but Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation and in vivo Bone Resorption. Mol Cells 2018; 41:476-485. [PMID: 29764006 PMCID: PMC5974624 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Although tectorigenin (TG), a major compound in the rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis, is conventionally used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, its effects on osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis have not been reported. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects and possible underlying mechanism of TG on in vitro osteoblastic differentiation and in vivo bone formation, as well as in vitro osteoclast differentiation and in vivo bone resorption. TG promoted the osteogenic differentiation of primary osteoblasts and periodontal ligament cells. Moreover, TG upregulated the expression of the BMP2, BMP4, and Smad-4 genes, and enhanced the expression of Runx2 and Osterix. In vivo studies involving mouse calvarial bone defects with μCT and histologic analysis revealed that TG significantly increased new bone formation. Furthermore, TG treatment inhibited osteoclast differentiation and the mRNA levels of osteoclast markers. In vivo studies of mice demonstrated that TG caused the marked attenuation of bone resorption. These results collectively demonstrated that TG stimulated osteogenic differentiation in vitro, increased in vivo bone regeneration, inhibited osteoclast differentiation in vitro, and suppressed inflammatory bone loss in vivo. These novel findings suggest that TG may be useful for bone regeneration and treatment of bone diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Youn Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453,
Korea
| | - Gyu-Tae Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453,
Korea
| | - Hyung-Mun Yun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453,
Korea
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan00000,
Korea
| | - Il- Keun Kwon
- Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453,
Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453,
Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Application of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Linear Ion Trap Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry for Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Shejin-Liyan Granule Supplements. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040884. [PMID: 29641474 PMCID: PMC6017834 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap quadrupole Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS) was developed and validated for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of Shejin-liyan Granule. According to the fragmentation mechanism and high-resolution MS data, 54 compounds, including fourteen isoflavones, eleven ligands, eight flavonoids, six physalins, six organic acids, four triterpenoid saponins, two xanthones, two alkaloids, and one licorice coumarin, were identified or tentatively characterized. In addition, ten of the representative compounds (matrine, galuteolin, tectoridin, iridin, arctiin, tectorigenin, glycyrrhizic acid, irigenin, arctigenin, and irisflorentin) were quantified using the validated HPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap MS method. The method validation showed a good linearity with coefficients of determination (r2) above 0.9914 for all analytes. The accuracy of the intra- and inter-day variation of the investigated compounds was 95.0–105.0%, and the precision values were less than 4.89%. The mean recoveries and reproducibilities of each analyte were 95.1–104.8%, with relative standard deviations below 4.91%. The method successfully quantified the ten compounds in Shejin-liyan Granule, and the results show that the method is accurate, sensitive, and reliable.
Collapse
|
19
|
Tian M, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Xie G, Qin M. Global Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Differentially Expressed Genes of Six Organs and Putative Genes Involved in (Iso)flavonoid Biosynthesis in Belamcanda chinensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1160. [PMID: 30154811 PMCID: PMC6102373 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC., a perennial herb of the family Iridaceae, is rich in a variety of (iso)flavonoids with significant organ-specific distribution and has a swollen rhizome that is widely used in East Asia as a traditional medicine. In the present study, comprehensive transcriptomes of six organs (root, rhizome, aerial stem, leaf, flower, and young fruit) of B. chinensis were obtained by high-throughput RNA-sequencing and de novo assembly. A total of 423,661 unigenes (mean length = 618 bp, median length = 391 bp) were assembled and annotated in seven databases: Non-redundant protein sequences, Nucleotide sequences, Swiss-Prot, Protein family database, euKaryotic Ortholog Groups, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Ontology (GO). A total of 4995 transcription factors were identified, including 408 MYB, 182 bHLH, 277 AP2/ERF, and 228 WRKY genes. A total of 129 cytochrome P450 unigenes belonging to 10 divergent clans were identified and grouped into clades in a phylogenetic tree that showed their inferred evolutionary relationship. Differentially expressed unigenes among the six organs were subjected to GO and KEGG enrichment analysis to profile the functions of each organ. Unigenes associated with (iso)flavonoid biosynthesis were then profiled by expression level analysis. Additionally, the complete coding sequences of six predicted enzymes essential to the (iso)flavonoid pathway were obtained, based on the annotated unigenes. This work reveals clear differences in expression patterns of genes among the six organs and will provide a sound platform to understand the (iso)flavonoid pathways in B. chinensis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tian
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoyong Xie
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minjian Qin
- Department of Resources Science of Traditional Chinese Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Traditional Chinese Medicines (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Minjian Qin,
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Applová L, Karlíčková J, Říha M, Filipský T, Macáková K, Spilková J, Mladěnka P. The isoflavonoid tectorigenin has better antiplatelet potential than acetylsalicylic acid. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 35:11-17. [PMID: 28991640 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One reason for the lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases in Asian countries may be the high intake of isoflavonoids and their antiplatelet effects may be an important factor. To date, there is limited comparison of a range of isoflavonoids and knowledge of their effects at different levels of platelet aggregation. PURPOSE To screen the antiplatelet effects of a number of isoflavonoids on the arachidonic acid based aggregation pathway and investigate how the antiplatelet activity might occur. METHODS The antiplatelet effects were first screened in whole human blood where platelet aggregation was induced by arachidonic acid. Further analysis was targeted at search of the mechanism of action. RESULTS Thirteen of the eighteen tested isoflavonoids had significant inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation in whole human blood. Genistein had the same potency as clinically used acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) while tectorigenin was clearly stronger than ASA. Further analyses showed that the effect of tectorigenin was not based on inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 in contrast to ASA or thromboxane synthase but by competitive antagonism at thromboxane receptors. CONCLUSION Tectorigenin is a more potent antiplatelet compound than ASA and thus an interesting substance for further testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Applová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Karlíčková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Říha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Filipský
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Macáková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Spilková
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Adachi H, Nakae K, Sakamoto S, Nosaka C, Atsumi S, Shibuya M, Higashi N, Nakajima M, Irimura T, Nishimura Y. Microbial metabolites and derivatives targeted at inflammation and bone diseases therapy: chemistry, biological activity and pharmacology. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2017; 71:ja2017138. [PMID: 29089599 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2017.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Microbial metabolites have attracted increasing interest as a source of therapeutics and as probes for biological mechanisms. New microbial metabolites and derivatives targeted at inflammation and bone disease therapy have been identified by focusing on prostaglandin release, osteoblast differentiation and immune cell functions. These modulators of inflammatory processes and bone disease contribute to our understanding of biological mechanisms and support identification of the therapeutic potential of drug lead candidates. The present review describes recent advances in the chemistry and analysis of inhibitors of prostaglandin release or other functional molecules of immune cells, as well as inducers of osteoblast differentiation, including biological and pharmacological activities.The Journal of Antibiotics advance online publication, 1 November 2017; doi:10.1038/ja.2017.138.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayamitsu Adachi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu Branch, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Nakae
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Sakamoto
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu Branch, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Chisato Nosaka
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sonoko Atsumi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang CL, Li D, Wang CD, Xiao F, Zhu JF, Shen C, Zuo B, Cui YM, Wang H, Gao Y, Hu GL, Zhang XL, Chen XD. Anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis effects of tectorigenin. Biol Open 2017. [PMID: 28642243 PMCID: PMC5576074 DOI: 10.1242/bio.024562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and dynamic disease of the joints, including the articular cartilage, underlying bones and synovium. In particular, OA is considered as the degeneration of the cartilage. Tectorigenin (Tec) is known to affect many biological processes; however, its effects on articular chondrocytes remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of Tec on articular cartilage. In vitro, Tec inhibited the expression levels of type X collagen, cyclooxigenase-2, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13, but enhanced the expression of Runx1, type II collagen and aggrecan in the presence of IL-1β. Meanwhile, Tec inhibited apoptosis through the Bax/Bcl-2/caspase-3 pathway, upregulating p-Bad, downregulating the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and activating caspase-3 compared with IL-1β treatment only. Moreover, this process was partially regulated by NF-κB P65. In vivo, the chondroprotective effects of Tec were assessed by establishing a model of surgically induced OA. Tec-treated joints exhibited fewer osteoarthritic changes than saline-treated joints. Meanwhile, 1.5 μg/kg Tec treatment produced a greater protective effect than 0.75 μg/kg Tec. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring system, employed to assess histopathological grading of the models, as well immunohistochemistry for Aggrecan Neoepitope and MMP-3, further confirmed the results. In conclusion, this study showed that Tec plays a chondroprotective role in the OA process by preventing articular cartilage degeneration and chondrocyte apoptosis via the NF-κB P65 pathway. Summary: Tectorigenin exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis effects by inhibiting apoptosis in chondrocytes via the NF-κB P65 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Long Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - De Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Chuan-Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Jun-Feng Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Chao Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Bin Zuo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Yi-Min Cui
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Guo-Li Hu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) & Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China .,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) & Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM), Shanghai 200082, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kim JH, Woo JH, Kim HM, Oh MS, Jang DS, Choi JH. Anti-Endometriotic Effects of Pueraria Flower Extract in Human Endometriotic Cells and Mice. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9030212. [PMID: 28264481 PMCID: PMC5372875 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pueraria flowers have been used as a vegetable and an ingredient for tea and jelly. In this study, we investigated the effects of Pueraria flower extract (PFE) on endometriosis, a common gynaecological disease characterised by local sterile inflammation of peritoneal cavity. PFE suppressed the adhesion of human endometriotic cells 11Z and 12Z to human mesothelial Met5A cells. In addition, PFE significantly inhibited the migration of 11Z and 12Z cells as shown by wound-healing and transwell migration assays. PFE reduced the protein and mRNA levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in endometriotic cells. Moreover, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 was activated by PFE treatment, and an ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD98059, significantly inhibited PFE-inhibited cell migration in endometriotic cells. Furthermore, PFE significantly suppressed endometriotic lesion formation in a mouse model. These data suggest that Pueraria flower is a potential anti-endometriotic agent for the inhibition of endometriotic cell adhesion, migration, and MMP expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Hwa Woo
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Hye Mi Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- Department of Life and Nanopharamceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ni G, Shi GR, Li JY, Yu DQ. The unprecedented iridal lactone and adducts of spiroiridal and isoflavonoid from Belamcanda chinensis. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00614d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Five novel iridal-type triterpenoid derivatives have been isolated from the rhizomes of Belamcanda chinensis, along with five known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| | - Guo-Ru Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| | - Jia-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| | - De-Quan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines
- Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing 100050
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Belamcandae chinensis rhizoma – a review of phytochemistry and bioactivity. Fitoterapia 2015; 107:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
26
|
Yang M, Yang X, An J, Xiao W, Wang Z, Huang W, Yang Z, Li F. Comparative pharmacokinetic profiles of tectorigenin in rat plasma by UPLC–MS/MS after oral administration of Iris tectorum Maxim extract and pure tectoridin. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 114:34-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
27
|
Tectorigenin ablates the inflammation-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition in a co-culture model of human lung carcinoma. Pharmacol Rep 2015; 67:382-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
28
|
Gutiérrez-Venegas G, Alonso Luna O, Ventura-Arroyo JA, Hernández-Bermúdez C. Myricetin suppresses lipoteichoic acid-induced interleukin-1β and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human gingival fibroblasts. Microbiol Immunol 2014; 57:849-56. [PMID: 24117794 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease affecting the connective tissue and supporting bone surrounding the teeth. In periodontitis, human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) synthesize IL-1β, causing a progressive inflammatory response. Flavones demonstrate a variety of biological activity: among others, they possess anti-inflammatory properties. Myricetin is a flavone with a strong anti-inflammatory activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the flavonoid myricetin on HGFs under inflammatory conditions induced by lipoteichoic acid (LTA). the effect of myricetin on HGFs was assessed by measuring cell viability, signaling pathways and IL-1β expression and synthesis. It was found that, over time, myricetin did not affect cell viability. However, it inhibited activation of p38 and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase-1/2 in LTA-treated HGFs and also blocked IκB degradation and cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 synthesis and expression. These findings suggest that myricetin has therapeutic effects in the form of controlling LTA-induced inflammatory responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Gutiérrez-Venegas
- Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Graduate Studies and Research, Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Federal District, Mexico D. F., 04510, Mexico
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Singh P, Shaveta, Sharma S, Bhatti R. Rationally designed hybrid molecules with appreciable COX-2 inhibitory and anti-nociceptive activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:77-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
30
|
Wang S, Gong T, Lu J, Kano Y, Yuan D. Simultaneous determination of tectorigenin and its metabolites in rat plasma by ultra performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 933:50-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 06/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
31
|
Kang MJ, Kim HG, Kim JS, Oh DG, Um YJ, Seo CS, Han JW, Cho HJ, Kim GH, Jeong TC, Jeong HG. The effect of gut microbiota on drug metabolism. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2013; 9:1295-308. [PMID: 24033282 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2013.807798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numerous drugs and toxicants must be metabolized to an active form. Metabolic activation by host tissues, such as the liver, has been well studied. However, drug and toxicant metabolism by the intestinal microbiota is an unexplored, but essential, field of study in pharmacology and toxicology. The taxonomic diversity and sheer numbers of the intestinal microbiota, and their capacity to metabolize xenobiotics, underscore the importance of this mode of metabolism. AREAS COVERED Metabolism by the intestinal microbiota has focused on the natural products of glycosides hydrolyzed by intestinal microbiota enzymes, but not by host tissues. Metabolism of synthetic drugs by the intestinal microbiota has been less-intensively investigated. This review provides an overview of xenobiotic metabolism by the intestinal microbiota of both natural products and synthetic drugs. EXPERT OPINION Metabolism by the intestinal microbiota might result in a different metabolite profile than that produced by host tissues. This could potentially result in either activation or inactivation of the pharmacological and/or toxicological actions of the compound in question. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to drug metabolism remains relatively unexplored. Therefore, studies of xenobiotic metabolism by the intestinal microbiota need to be included in new drug development as well as classical studies of host tissue metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jeong Kang
- Yeungnam University, College of Pharmacy , Gyeongsan, 712-749 , South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ha LM, Que DTN, Huyen DTT, Long PQ, Dat NT. Toxicity, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of tectorigenin. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2013; 35:336-40. [DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2013.770521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
33
|
Bellik Y, Boukraâ L, Alzahrani HA, Bakhotmah BA, Abdellah F, Hammoudi SM, Iguer-Ouada M. Molecular mechanism underlying anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities of phytochemicals: an update. Molecules 2012; 18:322-53. [PMID: 23271469 PMCID: PMC6269762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18010322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The resort worldwide to edible medicinal plants for medical care has increased significantly during the last few years. Currently, there is a renewed interest in the search for new phytochemicals that could be developed as useful anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic agents to reduce the risk of many diseases. The activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) has now been linked to a variety of inflammatory diseases, while data from numerous studies underline the importance of phytochemicals in inhibiting the pathway that activates this transcription factor. Moreover, the incidence of type I allergic disorders has been increasing worldwide, particularly, the hypersensitivity to food. Thus, a good number of plant products with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activity have been documented, but very few of these compounds have reached clinical use and there is scant scientific evidence that could explain their mode of action. Therefore, this paper intends to review the most salient recent reports on the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties of phytochemicals and the molecular mechanisms underlying these properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuva Bellik
- Laboratory of Research on Local Animal Products, Ibn-Khaldoun University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; E-Mails: (Y.B.); (F.A.); (S.M.H.)
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abderrahmane Mira University, Béjaia 06000, Algeria; E-Mail:
| | - Laïd Boukraâ
- Laboratory of Research on Local Animal Products, Ibn-Khaldoun University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; E-Mails: (Y.B.); (F.A.); (S.M.H.)
- Mohammad Hussein Al Amoudi Chair for Diabetic Foot Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (H.A.A.); (B.A.B.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel./Fax: +213-795-306-930
| | - Hasan A. Alzahrani
- Mohammad Hussein Al Amoudi Chair for Diabetic Foot Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (H.A.A.); (B.A.B.)
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balkees A. Bakhotmah
- Mohammad Hussein Al Amoudi Chair for Diabetic Foot Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; E-Mails: (H.A.A.); (B.A.B.)
- Department of Nutrition Food Sciences, Arts and Design College, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatiha Abdellah
- Laboratory of Research on Local Animal Products, Ibn-Khaldoun University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; E-Mails: (Y.B.); (F.A.); (S.M.H.)
| | - Si M. Hammoudi
- Laboratory of Research on Local Animal Products, Ibn-Khaldoun University of Tiaret, Tiaret 14000, Algeria; E-Mails: (Y.B.); (F.A.); (S.M.H.)
| | - Mokrane Iguer-Ouada
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Abderrahmane Mira University, Béjaia 06000, Algeria; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang YI, Lee KT, Park HJ, Kim TJ, Choi YS, Shih IM, Choi JH. Tectorigenin sensitizes paclitaxel-resistant human ovarian cancer cells through downregulation of the Akt and NFκB pathway. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:2488-98. [PMID: 23027625 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (Taxol) is currently used as the front-line chemotherapeutic agent for several cancers including ovarian carcinoma; however, the drug frequently induces drug resistance through multiple mechanisms. The new strategy of using natural compounds in combination therapies is highly attractive because those compounds may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. In this study, we found that tectorigenin, an isoflavonoid isolated from flower of Pueraria thunbergiana, enhanced the growth-inhibitory effect of paclitaxel in paclitaxel-resistant ovarian cancer cells (MPSC1(TR), A2780(TR) and SKOV3(TR)) as well as their naive counterparts. The combination of tectorigenin with paclitaxel resulted in a synergistic apoptosis compared with either agent alone through activation of caspases-3, -8 and -9. Treatment with tectorigenin inhibited the nuclear translocation of NFκB and the expression of NFκB-dependent genes such as FLIP, XIAP, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and COX-2, which are known to be associated with chemoresistance. In addition, the tectorigenin-paclitaxel combination inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB and IKK and the activation of Akt in paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells. Moreover, tectorigenin-paclitaxel-induced cell growth inhibition was enhanced by pretreatment with the Akt inhibitor LY294002 or overexpression of the dominant negative Akt (Akt-DN), but reduced by overexpression of constitutively activated Akt (Akt-Myr). Furthermore, we found that Akt-Myr, at least in part, reversed tectorigenin-paclitaxel-induced nuclear translocation of NFκB and the phosphorylation of IκB and IKK. These data suggest that tectorigenin could sensitize paclitaxel-resistant human ovarian cancer cells through inactivation of the Akt/IKK/IκB/NFκB signaling pathway, and promise a new intervention to chemosensitize paclitaxel-induced cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeong-In Yang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Min SW, Park YJ, Kim DH. Kakkalide and its metabolite irisolidone ameliorate carrageenan-induced inflammation in mice by inhibiting NF-κB pathway. Inflammation 2012; 34:344-51. [PMID: 20686830 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-010-9240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory activities of kakkalide, a major constituent of the flower of Pueraria thunbergiana, and irisolidone, a metabolite of kakkalide produced by intestinal microflora, against carrageenan-induced inflammation in air pouches on the backs of mice and in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peritoneal macrophages were investigated. Kakkalide and irisolidone down-regulated the gene expression of cytokines [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)] and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-1β, and inflammatory mediators, NO and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages. These agents also inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB-α and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Orally administered kakkalide and irisolidone significantly reduced carrageenan-induced inflammatory markers, leukocyte number, and protein amount in the exudates of the air pouch. These constituents also inhibited PGE(2) production and COX-2 inducible nitric oxide synthase, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression. These agents also inhibited NF-κB activation. The anti-inflammatory effects of irisolidone were more potent than those of kakkalide. Based on these findings, kakkalide and irisolidone may inhibit inflammatory reactions via NF-κB pathway, and irisolidone, a metabolite of kakkalide, may more potently inhibit these inflammatory reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Won Min
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 1, Hoegi, Dongdaemun-Ku, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Galvez-Llompart M, Zanni R, García-Domenech R. Modeling natural anti-inflammatory compounds by molecular topology. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:9481-503. [PMID: 22272145 PMCID: PMC3257142 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12129481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main pharmacological problems today in the treatment of chronic inflammation diseases consists of the fact that anti-inflammatory drugs usually exhibit side effects. The natural products offer a great hope in the identification of bioactive lead compounds and their development into drugs for treating inflammatory diseases. Computer-aided drug design has proved to be a very useful tool for discovering new drugs and, specifically, Molecular Topology has become a good technique for such a goal. A topological-mathematical model, obtained by linear discriminant analysis, has been developed for the search of new anti-inflammatory natural compounds. An external validation obtained with the remaining compounds (those not used in building up the model), has been carried out. Finally, a virtual screening on natural products was performed and 74 compounds showed actual anti-inflammatory activity. From them, 54 had been previously described as anti-inflammatory in the literature. This can be seen as a plus in the model validation and as a reinforcement of the role of Molecular Topology as an efficient tool for the discovery of new anti-inflammatory natural compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Galvez-Llompart
- Molecular Connectivity & Drug Design Research Unit, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avenida V.A. Estelles s/n, Burjasot, Valencia 46100, Spain; E-Mails: (M.G.-L.); (R.Z.)
| | - Riccardo Zanni
- Molecular Connectivity & Drug Design Research Unit, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avenida V.A. Estelles s/n, Burjasot, Valencia 46100, Spain; E-Mails: (M.G.-L.); (R.Z.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio, Bologna 48-40126, Italy
| | - Ramón García-Domenech
- Molecular Connectivity & Drug Design Research Unit, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avenida V.A. Estelles s/n, Burjasot, Valencia 46100, Spain; E-Mails: (M.G.-L.); (R.Z.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +34-963544291; Fax: +34-963544892
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Lee YS, Kim SH, Kim JK, Lee S, Jung SH, Lim SS. Preparative isolation and purification of seven isoflavones from Belamcanda chinensis. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2011; 22:468-73. [PMID: 21465599 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Isoflavonoids from Belamcanda chinensis are known to have a number of physiological benefits including anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and anti-mutagenic properties. However, there have been no reports on the effective isolation and purification of isoflavonoids from B. chinensis. OBJECTIVE To develop an efficient method for the preparative isolation and purification of isoflavones from B. chinensis by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). METHODOLOGY A two-step HSCCC isolation method was developed using solvent system of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-2-propanol-methanol-water (5:6:2:3.5:6, v/v) and of ethyl acetate-methanol-water (10:2:9, v/v). FLASH purification system (45% methanol, isocratic) was also used for further purification. The purities and chemical structures of the isolated compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA), electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), ¹H- and ¹³C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (NMR) and nuclear overhauser enhancement (NOE). RESULTS HSCCC was successfully used for the preparative separation and purification of seven isoflavones, including tectoridin (145.4 mg, 97.5%), iridin (77.9 mg, 94.0%), irilin D (42.0 mg, 92.0%), tectorigenin (294.1 mg, 98.6%), iristectorigenin A (86.8 mg, 93.4%), irigenin (141.8 mg, 95.8%) and irisflorentin (73.4 mg, 94.7%) from the rhizomes of B. chinensis. CONCLUSION Two isoflavone glycosides and five isoflavone derivatives were successfully isolated and purified from the crude methanol extract of dried rhizomes of the B. chinensis by HSCCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Sil Lee
- Center for Efficacy Assessment and Development of Functional Foods and Drugs, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu W, Luo J, Kong L. Application of complexation high-speed counter-current chromatography in the separation of 5-hydroxyisoflavone isomers from Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1842-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Revised: 02/01/2011] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
39
|
Wozniak D, Janda B, Kapusta I, Oleszek W, Matkowski A. Antimutagenic and anti-oxidant activities of isoflavonoids from Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2010; 696:148-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2008] [Revised: 06/17/2009] [Accepted: 07/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
40
|
Kang K, Lee SB, Jung SH, Cha KH, Park WD, Sohn YC, Nho CW. Tectoridin, a poor ligand of estrogen receptor alpha, exerts its estrogenic effects via an ERK-dependent pathway. Mol Cells 2009; 27:351-7. [PMID: 19326083 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-009-0045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 12/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are the natural compounds isolated from plants, which are structurally similar to animal estrogen, 17beta-estradiol. Tectoridin, a major isoflavone isolated from the rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis. Tectoridin is known as a phytoestrogen, however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its estrogenic effect are remained unclear. In this study we investigated the estrogenic signaling triggered by tectoridin as compared to a famous phytoestrogen, genistein in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. Tectoridin scarcely binds to ER alpha as compared to 17beta-estradiol and genistein. Despite poor binding to ER alpha, tectoridin induced potent estrogenic effects, namely recovery of the population of cells in the S-phase after serum starvation, transactivation of the estrogen response element, and induction of MCF-7 cell proliferation. The tectoridin-induced estrogenic effect was severely abrogated by treatment with U0126, a specific MEK1/2 inhibitor. Tectoridin promoted phosphorylation of ERK1/2, but did not affect phosphorylation of ER alpha at Ser(118). It also increased cellular accumulation of cAMP, a hallmark of GPR30-mediated estrogen signaling. These data imply that tectoridin exerts its estrogenic effect mainly via the GPR30 and ERK-mediated rapid nongenomic estrogen signaling pathway. This property of tectoridin sets it aside from genistein where it exerts the estrogenic effects via both an ER-dependent genomic pathway and a GPR30-dependent nongenomic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyungsu Kang
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Gangneung Institute, Gangneung 210-340, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Quality evaluation of Rhizoma Belamcandae (Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC.) by using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2071-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2008] [Revised: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
42
|
Zhang WD, Yang XL, Lei-Xu, Cao J, Li P, Yang ZL. Identification of key metabolites of tectorigenin in rat urine by HPLC-MSn. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 23:219-21. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
43
|
Lee S, Park HS, Notsu Y, Ban HS, Kim YP, Ishihara K, Hirasawa N, Jung SH, Lee YS, Lim SS, Park EH, Shin KH, Seyama T, Hong J, Ohuchi K. Effects of hyperin, isoquercitrin and quercetin on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitrite production in rat peritoneal macrophages. Phytother Res 2008; 22:1552-6. [PMID: 18814209 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The extract of the root of Acanthopanax chiisanensis Nakai is used for the treatment of inflammation. To analyse the action mechanism of this extract, the effect of hyperin (quercetin-3-O-beta-d-galactose) isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the root of A. chiisanensis on nitrite production and induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 microg/mL)-stimulated rat peritoneal macrophages were examined. The effect of the structurally related compounds, isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-O-beta-d-glucose) and quercetin (an aglycone of the two compounds) isolated from the extract of the leaves of Vaccinium koreanum Nakai was also examined to compare the effect. It was shown that hyperin inhibited the LPS-induced iNOS expression and nitrite production. Of the three compounds, quercetin showed the most potent inhibitory activity. The phosphorylation of p44/42 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were also inhibited by these compounds. These findings suggested that hyperin in the extract of the root of A. chiisanensis inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production through inhibition of the expression of iNOS by attenuation of p44/p42 MAPK, p38 MAPK and JNK, and thus participates in the antiinflammatory activity of the extract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanghyun Lee
- Department of Applied Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tectorigenin inhibits IFN-γ/LPS-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Arch Pharm Res 2008; 31:1447-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-001-2129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Revised: 11/06/2008] [Accepted: 11/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
45
|
Chen Y, Song W, Peng ZH, Ge BY, Han FM. Identification of metabolites of tectoridin in-vivo and in-vitro by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Pharmacol 2008; 60:709-16. [PMID: 18498706 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.6.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
In this work, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem ion-trap mass spectrometry (LC-MS(n)) was used to investigate the in-vivo and in-vitro metabolism of tectoridin. After oral administration of a single dose (100 mg kg(-1)) of tectoridin to healthy rats, faeces and urine samples were collected for 0-48 h and 0-24 h, respectively. Tectoridin was also incubated with rat intestinal flora and rat liver microsomes. Samples from in-vivo and in-vitro metabolism studies were purified using a C(18) solid-phase extraction cartridge, then separated using a reverse-phase C(18) column with methanol/ water (30:70, v/v, adjusted to pH 10.0 with ammonia water) as mobile phase and detected by an on-line MS(n) system. The structure of the metabolites was elucidated by comparing their molecular weights, retention times and full-scan MS(n) spectra with those of the parent drug. The results revealed six metabolites of tectoridin in urine (tectorigenin, hydrogenated tectorigenin, mono-hydroxylated tectorigenin, di-hydroxylated tectorigenin, glucuronide-conjugated tectorigenin and sulfate-conjugated tectorigenin); three metabolites in faeces (tectorigenin, di-hydroxylated tectorigenin and sulfateconjugated tectorigenin); one metabolite in the intestinal flora incubation mixture (tectorigenin), and four in the liver microsomal incubation mixture (tectorigenin, hydrogenated tectorigenin, mono-hydroxylated tectorigenin and di-hydroxylated tectorigenin). Except for tectorigenin, all other metabolites of tectoridin are reported for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Hubei University, 430062, P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang WD, Qi LW, Yang XL, Huang WZ, Li P, Yang ZL. Identification of the major metabolites of tectorigenin in rat bile by liquid chromatography combined with time-of-flight and ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2008; 22:2677-2684. [PMID: 18668634 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel methodology for the identification of tetorigenin and its metabolites in rat bile has been created using liquid chromatography (LC) combined with time-of-flight (TOF) and ion trap multiple mass spectrometry (IT-MSn). As a means to discriminate amongst unknown organic compounds in complex biological matrices, the proposed methodology relies upon the combination of LC/TOF-MS to provide accurate mass measurements in generating a molecular formula while benefiting from the complementary structural information provided by the LC/IT-MSn. In this study, the combined approach has been applied to the metabolic fingerprinting chromatograms of rat bile samples before and after tectorigenin administration. All possible metabolites are investigated based on accurate mass data and isotope function using LC/TOF-MS and structural confirmation using LC/IT-MSn. Seven phase II metabolities of tectorigenin in rat bile have been successfully elucidated using this novel LC approach and are being reported for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education; Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Haiju Z, Ruopeng S, Gefei L, Lu Y, Chunxi L. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor inhibits the hippocampal synaptic reorganization by inhibiting MAPK/ERK activity and modulating GABAergic transmission in pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus rats. Med Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-008-9109-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
48
|
Xiao Z, Li H, Xue J, Shi L, Zhu H. Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Tectorigenin. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910701796725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhu‐Ping Xiao
- a Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University , Nanjing, China
- b Department of Chemistry , Shangrao Normal College , Shangrao, China
| | - Huan‐Qiu Li
- a Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University , Nanjing, China
| | - Jia‐Yu Xue
- a Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University , Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- a Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University , Nanjing, China
| | - Hai‐Liang Zhu
- a Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University , Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Park JS, Woo MS, Kim DH, Hyun JW, Kim WK, Lee JC, Kim HS. Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms of Isoflavone Metabolites in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Microglial Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 320:1237-45. [PMID: 17194798 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.106.114322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The microglial activation plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases by producing several proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide (NO). We found that three types of isoflavones and their metabolites that are transformed by the human intestinal microflora suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced release of NO and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in primary cultured microglia and BV2 microglial cell lines. The inhibitory effect of the isoflavone metabolites (aglycon form) was more potent than that of isoflavones (glycoside form). The RNase protection assay showed that the isoflavone metabolites regulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the cytokines at either the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level. A further molecular mechanism study was performed for irisolidone, a metabolite of kakkalide, which had the most potent anti-inflammatory effect among the six isoflavones tested. Irisolidone significantly inhibited the DNA binding and transcriptional activity of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and activator protein-1. Moreover, it repressed the LPS-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation without affecting the activity of c-Jun N-terminal kinase or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. The level of NF-kappaB inhibition by irisolidone correlated with the level of iNOS, TNF-alpha, and interleukin (IL)-1beta suppression in LPS-stimulated microglia, whereas the level of ERK inhibition correlated with the level of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta repression. Overall, the repression of proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS gene expression in activated microglia by isoflavones such as irisolidone might have therapeutic potential for various neurodegenerative diseases including ischemic cerebral disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sun Park
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Mok-6-dong 911-1, Yangchun-Ku, Seoul 158-710, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Jang J, Sin KS, Kim HP, Park H. Structure and antiinflammatory activity relationships of wogonin derivatives. Arch Pharm Res 2006; 28:877-84. [PMID: 16178410 DOI: 10.1007/bf02973870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A number of wogonin derivatives have been synthesized as congeners of wogonin and evaluated for their inhibitory activities of PGE2 production. Wogonin derivatives modified at the B ring of wogonin were obtained from 2,4-Dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyacetophenone (1) via several steps. Most wogonin derivatives exhibited much reduced inhibitory activities against COX-2 catalyzed PGE2 production compared to that of wogonin. Alkylation of 5,7-phenol groups and substitution at the B ring of wogonin generally caused reduction of inhibitory activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|