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Zhou S, Liu Q, Fu Y, Du L, Bao Q, Zhang Z, Xu Z, Yan F, Li M, Liu R, Qin L, Zhang W. CT-derived Radiomics Predicts the Efficacy of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Osteosarcoma Patients with Pulmonary Metastasis. Transl Oncol 2024; 45:101993. [PMID: 38743988 PMCID: PMC11109890 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To construct and validate the CT-based radiomics model for predicting the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) effects in osteosarcoma (OS) patients with pulmonary metastasis. METHODS OS patients with pulmonary metastasis treated with TKIs were randomly separated into training and testing cohorts (2:1 ratio). Radiomic features were extracted from the baseline unenhanced chest CT images. The random survival forest (RSF) and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed to construct and evaluate radiomics signatures (R-model-derived). The univariant and multivariant Cox regression analyses were conducted to establish clinical (C-model) and combined models (RC-model). The discrimination abilities, goodness of fit and clinical benefits of the three models were assessed and validated in both training and testing cohorts. RESULTS A total of 90 patients, 57 men and 33 women, with a mean age of 18 years and median progression-free survival (PFS) of 7.2 months, were enrolled. The R-model was developed with nine radiomic features and demonstrated significant predictive and prognostic values. In both training and testing cohorts, the time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of the R-model and RC-model exhibited obvious superiority over C-model. The calibration and decision curve analysis (DCA) curves indicated that the accuracy of the R-model was comparable to RC-model, which exhibited significantly better performance than C-model. CONCLUSIONS The R-model showed promising potential as a predictor for TKI responses in OS patients with pulmonary metastasis. It can potentially identify pulmonary metastatic OS patients most likely to benefit from TKIs treatment and help guide optimized clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshui Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Faculty of Medical Imaging Technology, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yucheng Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lianjun Du
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Qiyuan Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhusheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhihan Xu
- Siemens Healthineers CT Collaboration, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Faculty of Medical Imaging Technology, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ruixuan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Le Qin
- Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
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Strauss SJ, Berlanga P, McCabe MG. Emerging therapies in Ewing sarcoma. Curr Opin Oncol 2024; 36:297-304. [PMID: 38775200 PMCID: PMC11155282 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000001048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is an unmet need to improve outcomes for patients for Ewing sarcoma, a rare, aggressive sarcoma with a peak incidence in adolescents and young adults (AYA). Current therapy at diagnosis involves multiagent chemotherapy and local therapy, but despite intensification of treatment, those with metastases at diagnosis and recurrent disease have poor outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS Improved understanding of Ewing sarcoma biology has identified novel targets with promising activity in Ewing sarcoma patients, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors that are now undergoing evaluation as combination and maintenance therapy. Other emerging therapies include those that target the EWSR1::FLI1 fusion oncoprotein, and act on DNA damage, cell cycle and apoptotic pathways. Immunotherapeutic approaches, particularly CAR-T-cell therapy directed at GD2, also hold promise. Recent collaborative clinical trials that have defined an international standard of care for patients with newly diagnosed Ewing sarcoma and novel platform studies with adaptive designs offer unique opportunities to investigate these therapies inclusive of all ages. SUMMARY Close international collaboration between clinicians and biologists will allow us to prioritize promising emerging therapies and develop biomarkers to facilitate their incorporation into standard of care and more rapidly translate into benefit for Ewing sarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra J. Strauss
- Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Berlanga
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave-Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Martin G. McCabe
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Tlemsani C, Heske CM, Elloumi F, Pongor L, Khandagale P, Varma S, Luna A, Meltzer PS, Khan J, Reinhold WC, Pommier Y. Sarcoma_CellminerCDB: A tool to interrogate the genomic and functional characteristics of a comprehensive collection of sarcoma cell lines. iScience 2024; 27:109781. [PMID: 38868205 PMCID: PMC11167437 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcomas are a diverse group of rare malignancies composed of multiple different clinical and molecular subtypes. Due to their rarity and heterogeneity, basic, translational, and clinical research in sarcoma has trailed behind that of other cancers. Outcomes for patients remain generally poor due to an incomplete understanding of disease biology and a lack of novel therapies. To address some of the limitations impeding preclinical sarcoma research, we have developed Sarcoma_CellMinerCDB, a publicly available interactive tool that merges publicly available sarcoma cell line data and newly generated omics data to create a comprehensive database of genomic, transcriptomic, methylomic, proteomic, metabolic, and pharmacologic data on 133 annotated sarcoma cell lines. The reproducibility, functionality, biological relevance, and therapeutic applications of Sarcoma_CellMinerCDB described herein are powerful tools to address and generate biological questions and test hypotheses for translational research. Sarcoma_CellMinerCDB (https://discover.nci.nih.gov/SarcomaCellMinerCDB) aims to contribute to advancing the preclinical study of sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Tlemsani
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cochin Hospital, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Université Paris Cité, APHP. Centre, Paris, France
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Paris Cancer Institute CARPEM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Christine M. Heske
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Fathi Elloumi
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lorinc Pongor
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Hungarian Centre of Excellence for Molecular Medicine, Cancer Genomics and Epigenetics Core Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Prashant Khandagale
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sudhir Varma
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Augustin Luna
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Computational Biology Branch, National Library of Medicine, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Paul S. Meltzer
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William C. Reinhold
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Tirtei E, Campello A, Sciannameo V, Asaftei SD, Meazza C, Sironi G, Longhi A, Ibrahim T, Tamburini A, Coccoli L, Crocco F, Cagnazzo C, De Luna E, Quarello P, Berchialla P, Fagioli F. Prolonged 14-day continuous infusion of high-dose ifosfamide for patients with relapsed and refractory high-grade osteosarcoma: a retrospective multicentre cohort study. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:747. [PMID: 38898388 PMCID: PMC11186082 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of patients with Relapsed/Refractory Osteosarcoma (R/R OS) remains dismal without an agreement on systemic therapy. The use of High-Dose Ifosfamide (14 g/sqm) with an external pump in outpatient setting (14-IFO) in R/R OS patients is limited. This study represents the first retrospective cohort analysis focused on evaluating the activity and toxicity of 14-IFO in this setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study investigated 14-IFO activity, in terms of tumour response according to RECIST 1.1 criteria, as well as survival rates and toxicity, according to CTCAE v.5. RESULTS The trial enrolled 26 patients with R/R OS. The Overall Response Rate (ORR) and Disease Control Rate (DCR) obtained was 23% and 57.5%, respectively. Patients with relapsed OS showed a higher ORR (45%) and DCR (82%) compared to refractory patients, irrespective of the number of prior treatment lines received. The achievement of disease control with 14-IFO administration enabled 27% of patients to undergo new local treatment. Four-month Progression-Free Survival (PFS) was 54% for all patients and 82% for the relapsed OS sub-group. Median Overall Survival (OSurv) was 13.7 months, with 1-year OSurv of 51% for all patients and 71% for relapsed patients. Age over 18 years and the presence of refractory disease were identified as negative prognostic factors for this patient cohort. A total of 101 cycles were evaluated for toxic assessment, demonstrating a tolerable profile without grade 3-4 non-haematological toxicities. CONCLUSIONS 14-IFO should be considered a viable treatment option for R/R OS, particularly due to its well tolerated toxicity profile and the potential for home-administration, which can improve patient quality of life without compromising efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Tirtei
- Paediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, 10126, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Campello
- Paediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, 10126, Italy.
| | - Veronica Sciannameo
- Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Italy.
| | - Sebastian Dorin Asaftei
- Paediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Cristina Meazza
- Paediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Sironi
- Paediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Longhi
- Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Toni Ibrahim
- Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela Tamburini
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Coccoli
- Pediatric Oncology-Hematology Unit, Stem Cell Transplantation and EURACAN Hub Center Unit, S. Chiara Hospital, AOUP, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fanj Crocco
- Paediatrics Division, Department of Health Sciences, AOU Maggiore della Carità di Novara, Piemonte Orientale University, Novara, Italy
| | - Celeste Cagnazzo
- Paediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Elvira De Luna
- Paediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, 10126, Italy
| | - Paola Quarello
- Paediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, 10126, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Berchialla
- Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, Orbassano, 10043, Italy
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Paediatric Onco-Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Division, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Piazza Polonia 94, Turin, 10126, Italy
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Mohr A, Marques Da Costa ME, Fromigue O, Audinot B, Balde T, Droit R, Abbou S, Khneisser P, Berlanga P, Perez E, Marchais A, Gaspar N. From biology to personalized medicine: Recent knowledge in osteosarcoma. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 69:104941. [PMID: 38677541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2024.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcoma is the most common paediatric bone cancer. More than one third of patients relapse and die of osteosarcoma using current chemotherapeutic and surgical strategies. To improve outcomes in osteosarcoma, two crucial challenges need to be tackled: 1-the identification of hard-to-treat disease, ideally from diagnosis; 2- choosing the best combined or novel therapies to eradicate tumor cells which are resistant to current therapies leading to disease dissemination and metastasize as well as their favorable microenvironment. Genetic chaos, tumor complexity and heterogeneity render this task difficult. The development of new technologies like next generation sequencing has led to an improvement in osteosarcoma oncogenesis knownledge. This review summarizes recent biological and therapeutical advances in osteosarcoma, as well as the challenges that must be overcome in order to develop personalized medicine and new therapeutic strategies and ultimately improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Mohr
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Olivia Fromigue
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U981, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Baptiste Audinot
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Thierno Balde
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Robin Droit
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Samuel Abbou
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Khneisser
- Department of medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pablo Berlanga
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Esperanza Perez
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonin Marchais
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France.
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6
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Gao M, Liu W, Li T, Song Z, Wang X, Zhang X. Identifying Genetic Signatures Associated with Oncogene-Induced Replication Stress in Osteosarcoma and Screening for Potential Targeted Drugs. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:1690-1715. [PMID: 37672187 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10497-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor. Due to the lack of selectivity and sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs to tumor cells, coupled with the use of large doses, chemotherapy drugs often have systemic toxicity. The use of modern sequencing technology to screen tumor markers in a large number of tumor samples is a common method for screening highly specific and selective anti-tumor drugs. This study aims to identify potential biomarkers using the latest reported gene expression signatures of oncogene-induced replication stress (ORS) in aggressive cancers, and potential anti-osteosarcoma drugs were screened in different drug databases. In this study, we obtained 89 osteosarcoma-related samples in the TARGET database, all of which included survival information. According to the median expression of each of six reported ORS gene markers (NAT10/DDX27/ZNF48/C8ORF33/MOCS3/MPP6), we divided 89 osteosarcoma gene expression datasets into a high expression group and a low expression group and then performed a differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis. The coexisting genes of 6 groups of DEGs were used as replication stress-related genes (RSGs) of osteosarcoma. Then, key RSGs were screened using LASSO regression, a Cox risk proportional regression prognostic model and a tenfold cross-validation test. GSE21257 datasets collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used to verify the prognostic model. The final key RSGs selected were used in the L1000PWD and DGIdb databases to mine potential drugs. After further validation by the prognostic model, we identified seven genes associated with ORS in osteosarcoma as key RSGs, including transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2), solute carrier family 27 member 4 (SLC27A4), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5), nucleolar protein 6 (NOL6), coiled-coil-coil-coil-coil-helix domain containing 4 (CHCHD4), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit B (EIF3B), and synthesis of cytochrome C oxidase 1 (SCO1). Then, we screened the seven key RSGs in two drug databases and found six potential anti-osteosarcoma drugs (D GIdb database: repaglinide, tacrolimus, sirolimus, cyclosporine, and hydrochlorothiazide; L1000PWD database: the small molecule VU-0365117-1). Seven RSGs (TCF7L2, SLC27A4, PCSK5, NOL6, CHCHD4, EIF3B, and SCO1) may be associated with the ORS gene signatures in osteosarcoma. Repaglinide, tacrolimus, sirolimus, cyclosporine, hydrochlorothiazide and the small molecule VU-0365117-1 are potential therapeutic drugs for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Weibo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Teng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - ZeLong Song
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - XiangYu Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, First Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - XueSong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Haidian District, 51 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100048, China.
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7
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Li F, Xu L, Li C, Hu F, Su Y. Immunological role of Gas6/TAM signaling in hemostasis and thrombosis. Thromb Res 2024; 238:161-171. [PMID: 38723521 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The immune system is an emerging regulator of hemostasis and thrombosis. The concept of immunothrombosis redefines the relationship between coagulation and immunomodulation, and the Gas6/Tyro3-Axl-MerTK (TAM) signaling pathway builds the bridge across them. During coagulation, Gas6/TAM signaling pathway not only activates platelets, but also promotes thrombosis through endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells involved in inflammatory responses. Thrombosis appears to be a common result of a Gas6/TAM signaling pathway-mediated immune dysregulation. TAM TK and its ligands have been found to be involved in coagulation through the PI3K/AKT or JAK/STAT pathway in various systemic diseases, providing new perspectives in the understanding of immunothrombosis. Gas6/TAM signaling pathway serves as a breakthrough target for novel therapeutic strategies to improve disease management. Many preclinical and clinical studies of TAM receptor inhibitors are in process, confirming the pivotal role of Gas6/TAM signaling pathway in immunothrombosis. Therapeutics targeting the TAM receptor show potential both in anticoagulation management and immunotherapy. Here, we review the immunological functions of the Gas6/TAM signaling pathway in coagulation and its multiple mechanisms in diseases identified to date, and discuss the new clinical strategies that may generated by these roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanshu Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Liling Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China.
| | - Chun Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China
| | - Fanlei Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yin Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital & Beijing Key Laboratory for Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, China; Peking University People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
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8
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Zeng M, Liu C, Gong H, Tang Z, Wen J, Wang S, Xiao S. Therapeutic potential of tyrosine-protein kinase MET in osteosarcoma. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1367331. [PMID: 38596618 PMCID: PMC11002252 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1367331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma, the most prevalent primary bone tumor in children and young adults, can often be successfully treated with standard chemotherapy and surgery when diagnosed at an early stage. However, patients presenting with metastases face significant challenges in achieving a cure. Despite advancements in classical therapies over the past few decades, clinical outcomes for osteosarcoma have not substantially improved. Recently, there has been increased understanding of the biology of osteosarcoma, leading to the identification of new therapeutic targets. One such target is MET, a tyrosine kinase receptor for Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) encoded by the MET gene. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that the HGF/MET pathway plays a crucial role in cancer growth, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance across various cancers. Clinical trials targeting this pathway are already underway for lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover, MET has also been implicated in promoting osteosarcoma progression. This review summarizes 3 decades' worth of research on MET's involvement in osteosarcoma and further explores its potential as a therapeutic target for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zeng
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haoli Gong
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongwen Tang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Anatomy, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sisi Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sheng Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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9
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Tu C, Kulasinghe A, Barbour A, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F. Leveraging spatial omics for the development of precision sarcoma treatments. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:134-144. [PMID: 38212196 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Sarcomas are rare and heterogeneous cancers that arise from bone or soft tissue, and are the second most prevalent solid cancer in children and adolescents. Owing to the complex nature of pediatric sarcomas, the development of therapeutics for pediatric sarcoma has seen little progress in the past decades. Existing treatments are largely limited to chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. Limited knowledge of the sarcoma tumor microenvironment (TME) and of well-defined target antigens in the different subtypes necessitates an alternative investigative approach to improve treatments. Recent advances in spatial omics technologies have enabled a more comprehensive study of the TME in multiple cancers. In this opinion article we discuss advances in our understanding of the TME of some cancers enabled by spatial omics technologies, and we explore how these technologies might advance the development of precision treatments for sarcoma, especially pediatric sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Tu
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Andrew Barbour
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; Department of Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
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10
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Mettmann VL, Blattmann C, Friedel G, Harrabi S, von Kalle T, Kager L, Kevric M, Kühne T, Nathrath M, Sorg B, Werner M, Bielack SS, Hecker-Nolting S. Primary Multi-Systemic Metastases in Osteosarcoma: Presentation, Treatment, and Survival of 83 Patients of the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:275. [PMID: 38254767 PMCID: PMC10813782 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate patient and tumour characteristics, treatment, and their impact on survival in patients with multi-systemic metastases at initial diagnosis of high-grade osteosarcoma. Precedure: Eighty-three consecutive patients who presented with multi-systemic metastases at initial diagnosis of high-grade osteosarcoma were retrospectively reviewed. In cases of curative intent, the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group recommended surgical removal of all detectable metastases in addition to complete resection of the primary tumour and chemotherapy. RESULTS Eighty-three eligible patients (1.8%) were identified among a total of 4605 individuals with high-grade osteosarcoma. Nine (10.8%) of these achieved complete surgical remission, of whom seven later had recurrences. The median follow-up time was 12 (range, 1-165) months for all patients. Actuarial event-free survival after 1, 2, and 5 years was 9.6 ± 3.2%, 1.4 ± 1.4%, and 1.4 ± 1.4%, and overall survival was 54.0 ± 5.6%, 23.2 ± 4.9%, and 8.7 ± 3.3%. In univariate analyses, elevated alkaline phosphatase before chemotherapy, pleural effusion, distant bones as metastatic sites, and more than one bone metastasis were negative prognostic factors. Among treatment-related factors, the microscopically complete resection of the primary tumour, a good response to first-line chemotherapy, the macroscopically complete resection of all affected tumour sites, and local treatment (surgery ± radiotherapy) of all bone metastases were associated with better outcomes. Tumour progression under first-line treatment significantly correlated with shorter survival times. CONCLUSION The outlook for patients with multi-systemic primary metastases from osteosarcoma remains very poor. The utmost importance of surgical resection of all tumour sites was confirmed. For unresectable bone metastases, radiotherapy might be considered. In the patient group studied, standard chemotherapy was often insufficiently effective. In the case of such advanced disease, alternative treatment options are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L. Mettmann
- Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group, Paediatrics 5 (Oncology, Haematology, Immunology), Centre for Paediatric, Adolescent and Women’s Medicine, and Stuttgart Cancer Centre, Klinikum Stuttgart–Olgahospital, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Claudia Blattmann
- Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group, Paediatrics 5 (Oncology, Haematology, Immunology), Centre for Paediatric, Adolescent and Women’s Medicine, and Stuttgart Cancer Centre, Klinikum Stuttgart–Olgahospital, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Godehard Friedel
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Science, University of Tubingen, 72076 Tubingen, Germany
| | - Semi Harrabi
- Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Centre (HIT), Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thekla von Kalle
- Radiologic Institute, Centre for Paediatric, Adolescent and Women’s Medicine, Stuttgart Cancer Centre, Klinikum Stuttgart–Olgahospital, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Leo Kager
- St. Anna Children’s Hospital, University Hospital for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine of the Medical University and St. Anna Children’s Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Kevric
- Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group, Paediatrics 5 (Oncology, Haematology, Immunology), Centre for Paediatric, Adolescent and Women’s Medicine, and Stuttgart Cancer Centre, Klinikum Stuttgart–Olgahospital, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thomas Kühne
- University Children’s Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michaela Nathrath
- Department of Paediatrics and Children’s Cancer Research Centre, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Klinikum Kassel, 34125 Kassel, Germany
| | - Benjamin Sorg
- Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group, Paediatrics 5 (Oncology, Haematology, Immunology), Centre for Paediatric, Adolescent and Women’s Medicine, and Stuttgart Cancer Centre, Klinikum Stuttgart–Olgahospital, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mathias Werner
- Osteopathology Reference Centre, Institute of Pathology, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshein, 10249 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan S. Bielack
- Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group, Paediatrics 5 (Oncology, Haematology, Immunology), Centre for Paediatric, Adolescent and Women’s Medicine, and Stuttgart Cancer Centre, Klinikum Stuttgart–Olgahospital, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
- Department for Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University’s Children’s Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hecker-Nolting
- Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group, Paediatrics 5 (Oncology, Haematology, Immunology), Centre for Paediatric, Adolescent and Women’s Medicine, and Stuttgart Cancer Centre, Klinikum Stuttgart–Olgahospital, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
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11
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Liu Z, Wang X, Li C, Zhao R. The function and mechanism of PSMD14 in promoting progression and resistance to anlotinib in osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:309. [PMID: 38053170 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is a rare bone malignancy that frequently affects adolescents and poses formidable obstacles in its advanced stages. Studies revealed that PSMD14 may be a viable osteosarcoma treatment target. However, PSMD14's function and mechanism in osteosarcoma remain unknown. This study aimed to examine the function and mechanism of PSMD14 in the biological behavior of osteosarcoma and its role in anlotinib resistance. METHODS Western blotting, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) studies were used to examine PSMD14 levels. The role of PSMD14 in the malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma and its molecular pathway was explored by a series of studies, including Western blotting, cell amplification assay, transwell assay, and tumor growth. Furthermore, a series of in vitro investigations were done to determine the effect of PSMD14 on anlotinib-resistant osteosarcoma cell lines. RESULTS PSMD14 expression was elevated in osteosarcoma tissues compared to normal tissues. Overexpression of PSMD14 was associated with osteosarcoma patients' pathological grade and clinical stage, and PSMD14 was an independent poor prognostic factor. PSMD14 knockdown inhibits in vitro cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and in vivo tumor growth. PSMD14 knockdown has the potential to downregulate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which was regarded as one of the key mechanisms promoting tumor growth. PSMD14 was likewise overexpressed in anlotinib-resistant OS cell lines, and its knockdown not only reduced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of subline cells and triggered cell apoptosis. Importantly, combination therapy with anlotinib enhanced these effects. CONCLUSIONS PSMD14 is substantially expressed in osteosarcoma and may be an independent risk factor associated with poor prognosis. It can promote tumor progression and anlotinib resistance in osteosarcoma and may promote osteosarcoma progression by modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Ruina Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
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12
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Duffaud F, Blay JY, Le Cesne A, Chevreau C, Boudou-Rouquette P, Kalbacher E, Penel N, Perrin C, Laurence V, Bompas E, Saada-Bouzid E, Delcambre C, Bertucci F, Cancel M, Schiffler C, Monard L, Bouvier C, Vidal V, Gaspar N, Chabaud S. Regorafenib in patients with advanced Ewing sarcoma: results of a non-comparative, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre Phase II study. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1940-1948. [PMID: 37914801 PMCID: PMC10703915 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02413-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The REGOBONE multi-cohort study explored the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for patients with advanced bone sarcomas; this report details the Ewing sarcoma (ES) cohort. METHODS Patients with relapsed ES progressing despite prior standard therapy, were randomised (2:1) to receive regorafenib or placebo. Patients on placebo could crossover to receive regorafenib after centrally confirmed progression. The primary endpoint was the progression-free rate at 8 weeks. With one-sided α of 0.05, and 80% power, at least 14/24 progression-free patients at 8 weeks were needed for success. RESULTS From September 2014 to November 2019, 41 patients were accrued. 36 patients were evaluable for efficacy: 23 on regorafenib and 13 on placebo. Thirteen patients (56%; one-sided 95% CI [37.5%-[)) were progression-free at 8 weeks on regorafenib vs. 1 (7.7%; 95% CI [0.4%-[) on placebo. Median PFS was 11.4 weeks on regorafenib, and 3.9 weeks on placebo. Ten placebo patients crossed over to receive regorafenib after progression. The most common grade ≥3 regorafenib-related adverse events were pain (22%), asthenia (17%), thrombocytopenia (13%) and diarrhoea (13%). CONCLUSION Although the primary endpoint was not met statistically in this randomised cohort, there is evidence to suggest that regorafenib might modestly delay tumour progression in relapsed ES after failure of prior chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Duffaud
- APHM Hopital La Timone, Medical Oncology Unit, and Aix-Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France.
| | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Axel Le Cesne
- Medical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Christine Chevreau
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie de Toulouse, Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Elsa Kalbacher
- Medical Oncology Department, CHU J Minjoz, Besançon, France
| | - Nicolas Penel
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret and Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Emmanuelle Bompas
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre René Gauduchau, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Esma Saada-Bouzid
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | | | - François Bertucci
- Medical Oncology Department, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Mathilde Cancel
- Medical Oncology Department, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Corinne Bouvier
- APHM Hopital La Timone, Pathology Department, and Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Vidal
- APHM Hopital La Timone, Radiology Department, and Aix-Marseille University Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- Department of Oncology for Child and Adolescent, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Chabaud
- Department of Statistics, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
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13
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Hu X, Fujiwara T, Sun Y, Huang W, Yan W. Does primary tumor resection improve survival for patients with sarcomas of pelvic bones, sacrum, and coccyx who have metastasis at diagnosis ? EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2023; 32:4362-4376. [PMID: 37870700 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07985-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies demonstrated that primary tumor resection (PTR) improves survival of patients with metastatic bone sarcomas. However, it remains quite unclear regarding the role of PTR in the treatment of sarcomas of pelvic bones with synchronous metastasis at diagnosis. METHODS Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, we enrolled a total of 385 patients with sarcomas of pelvic bones, sacrum, and coccyx who have metastasis at initial diagnosis, including 139 patients with osteosarcoma, 176 with Ewing sarcoma, and 70 with chondrosarcoma. Association between PTR and disease-specific survival (DSS) were investigated using the univariable and multivariable Cox regression models. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were reported. Representative institutional PTR strategies and clinical outcomes for patients with metastatic pelvic sarcomas from our cancer center were displayed. RESULTS The usage rate of PTR was 28.1% (39/139) in osteosarcoma, 13.6% (24/176) in Ewing sarcoma, and 41.4% (29/70) in chondrosarcoma with synchronous metastatic lesions. PTR was not associated with an improved DSS for metastatic pelvic osteosarcoma (HR = 0.686, 95% CI = 0.430 ~ 1.094, P = 0.113) and Ewing sarcoma (HR = 0.580, 95% CI = 0.291 ~ 1.154, P = 0.121). The use of PTR was associated with an improved DSS for metastatic pelvic chondrosarcoma (HR = 0.464, 95% CI = 0.225 ~ 0.954, P = 0.037). CONCLUSION Primary lesion resection may provide a survival benefit for metastatic chondrosarcoma, but not for osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma of pelvic bones, sacrum, and coccyx. This population-based study recommends an active surgical intervention for metastatic chondrosarcoma while non-surgical treatment for metastatic osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma of the pelvis in terms of survival improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Hu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Spinal Tumor Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tomohiro Fujiwara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yangbai Sun
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Spinal Tumor Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wending Huang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Spinal Tumor Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wangjun Yan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Spinal Tumor Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Campbell K, Posner A, Chen N, Cavanaugh K, Bhushan K, Janeway KA, Shulman DS, George S, Klega K, Crompton B, London WB, DuBois SG. Phase 1 study of cabozantinib in combination with topotecan-cyclophosphamide for patients with relapsed Ewing sarcoma or osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30681. [PMID: 37715723 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Phase 1 study assessing the safety and toxicity of cabozantinib in combination with topotecan and cyclophosphamide for relapsed osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. METHODS Oral cabozantinib (25 mg/m2 ) was administered daily for 21 (dose level 1) or 14 (dose level -1B) days. Topotecan (0.75 mg/m2 ) and cyclophosphamide (250 mg/m2 ) were administered intravenously (IV) on days 1-5. A modified 3+3 design based upon first cycle dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) was used for dose escalation. RESULTS Twelve patients with a median age of 15 (12.9-33.2) years were enrolled (seven with Ewing sarcoma; five with osteosarcoma); all were evaluable for toxicity. At dose level 1, three of six patients developed first cycle DLT: grade 3 epistaxis, grade 3 transaminitis, and prolonged grade 2 thrombocytopenia. Six patients were enrolled on dose level -1B (interrupted cabozantinib, given days 8-21), with one first cycle DLT (grade 3 pneumothorax) observed. Of the 10 response evaluable patients, one had partial response (Ewing sarcoma), seven had stable disease, and two had progressive disease. CONCLUSIONS The recommended phase 2 doses and schedules for this combination are topotecan 0.75 mg/m2 IV days 1-5, cyclophosphamide 250 mg/m2 IV days 1-5, and cabozantinib 25 mg/m2 days 8-21. Non-concomitant administration of cabozantinib with cytotoxic therapy in this population has acceptable toxicity, while allowing for potential disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Campbell
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew Posner
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nan Chen
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kerri Cavanaugh
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ketki Bhushan
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine A Janeway
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David S Shulman
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Suzanne George
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kelly Klega
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brian Crompton
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wendy B London
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven G DuBois
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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15
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Assi A, Farhat M, Hachem MCR, Zalaquett Z, Aoun M, Daher M, Sebaaly A, Kourie HR. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in osteosarcoma: Adapting treatment strategiesa. J Bone Oncol 2023; 43:100511. [PMID: 38058514 PMCID: PMC10696463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2023.100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive primary bone malignancy that metastasizes rapidly. The standard of care has changed little over the previous four decades, and survival rates have plateaued. In this context, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) emerge as potential treatments. A literature search was conducted to collect data related to receptor tyrosine kinase genetic alterations and expression in OS specimens. Gene amplification and protein expression of these receptors were linked to prognosis and tumor behavior. Relevant TKIs were evaluated as monotherapies and as parts of combination therapies. Certain TKIs, such as apatinib, regorafenib, and cabozantinib, present a potential therapeutic avenue for OS patients, especially when combined with chemotherapy. Producing long-lasting responses and enhancing quality of life remain key goals in OS treatment. To this effect, optimizing the use of TKIs by identifying biomarkers predictive of response and assessing promising TKIs in larger-scale trials to validate the efficacy and safety outcomes relative to these drugs reported in phase II clinical trials. To this effect, it is necessary to identify biomarkers predictive of response to TKIs in larger-scale trials and to validate the efficacy and safety of these drugs reported in phase II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Assi
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Hotel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohamad Farhat
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Hotel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Ziad Zalaquett
- Hematology-Oncology Department, Hotel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marven Aoun
- Orthopedics Department, Hotel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Daher
- Orthopedics Department, Hotel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon
- Orthopedics Department, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Amer Sebaaly
- Orthopedics Department, Hotel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon
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16
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Zhou Y, Li M, Zhang B, Yang C, Wang Y, Zheng S, Tang L, Zhou C, Qian G, Huang Y, Yu W, Li H, Wang Y, He A, Shen Z, Zhang J, Li X, Yang Q, Hu H, Yao Y. A pilot study of multi-antigen stimulated cell therapy-I plus camrelizumab and apatinib in patients with advanced bone and soft-tissue sarcomas. BMC Med 2023; 21:470. [PMID: 38031088 PMCID: PMC10687909 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-based immunotherapy shows the therapeutic potential in sarcomas, in addition to angiogenesis-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI). Multi-antigen stimulated cell therapy-I (MASCT-I) technology is a sequential immune cell therapy for cancer, which composes of multiple antigen-loaded dendritic cell (DC) vaccines followed by the adoptive transfer of anti-tumor effector T-cells. METHODS In this phase 1 study, we assessed MASCT-I plus camrelizumab (an ICI against PD-1) and apatinib (a highly selective TKI targeting VEGFR2) in patients with unresectable recurrent or metastatic bone and soft-tissue sarcoma after at least one line of prior systemic therapy. One MASCT-I course consisted of 3 DC subcutaneous injections, followed by 3 active T cell infusions administered 18-27 days after each DC injection. In schedule-I group, 3 DC injections were administered with a 28-day interval in all courses; in schedule-II group, 3 DC injections were administered with a 7-day interval in the first course and with a 28-day interval thereafter. All patients received intravenous camrelizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks and oral apatinib 250 mg daily. RESULTS From October 30, 2019, to August 12, 2021, 19 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to schedule-I group (n = 9) and schedule-II group (n = 10). Of the 19 patients, 11 (57.9%) experienced grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events. No treatment-related deaths occurred. Patients in schedule-II group showed similar objective response rate (ORR) with those in schedule-I group (30.0% versus 33.3%) but had higher disease control rate (DCR; 90.0% versus 44.4%) and longer median progression-free survival (PFS; 7.7 versus 4.0 months). For the 13 patients with soft-tissue sarcomas, the ORR was 30.8%, DCR was 76.9%, and median PFS was 12.9 months; for the 6 patients with osteosarcomas, the ORR was 33.3%, the DCR was 50.0%, and median PFS was 5.7 months. CONCLUSIONS Overall, MASCT-I plus camrelizumab and apatinib was safe and showed encouraging efficacy in advanced bone and soft-tissue sarcoma, and schedule-II administration method was recommended. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04074564.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuier Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lina Tang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Chenliang Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Guowei Qian
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yujing Huang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wenxi Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Hongtao Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Aina He
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | | | - Qingcheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedic, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Ward (SCRW), Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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17
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Li G, Yan X. Long non-coding RNA GAS5 promotes cisplatin-chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells via microRNA-26b-5p/TP53INP1 axis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:890. [PMID: 37993867 PMCID: PMC10666340 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor. Cisplatin (DDP) achieves a high response rate in osteosarcoma. Here we aim to study the dysregulation of long non-coding RNA the growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5), and its roles in DDP-resistance of osteosarcoma. The expression of mRNA and microRNA in osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines were detected by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and protein expression levels were measured by western blotting assay. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine were used to measure cell proliferation. Flow cytometer assay was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. The interactions between miR-26b-5p and GAS5 or tumor protein p53-induced nuclear protein 1 (TP53INP1) were verified by dual luciferase reporter along with biotin RNA pull-down assays. GAS5 was identified to be significantly lowly expressed in osteosarcoma samples especially in cisplatin-resistant (DDP-resistant) tissues. GAS5 was also downregulated in DDP-resistant cells. Over-expressed GAS5 prominently increased the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to DDP in vitro. Furthermore, over-expression of GAS5 suppressed cell proliferation and facilitated apoptosis of DDP-resistant cells. Mechanistically, GAS5 sponged miR-26b-5p, over-expression of which reversed the effects of GAS5 on cell proliferation and apoptosis of DDP-resistant cells. In addition, miR-26b-5p targeted TP53INP1. TP53INP1 abrogated the functions of miR-26b-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis in DDP-resistant cells. Taken together, GAS5 enhanced the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to DDP via GAS5/miR-26b-5p/TP53INP1 axis. Therefore, GAS5 may be a potential indicator for the management of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning, China
| | - Xue Yan
- Respiration Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, No. 2, Section 5, Renmin Street, Guta District, Jinzhou, 121000, Liaoning, China.
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Wang L, Fan Y, Zhou Y, Zhong G. Prognosis of limb‑salvage treatment of osteosarcoma in adolescent patients: a meta‑analysis. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:466. [PMID: 37780543 PMCID: PMC10534281 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effectiveness of limb-salvage treatment for osteosarcoma in adolescent patients, a comprehensive search on PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies with a clear diagnosis of osteosarcoma were included and duplicate publications, studies without full text or incomplete information, those with an inability to extract data, divergent definitions of exposure, animal experiments, reviews, and systematic reviews were excluded. The data were analyzed using STATA 15.1. The findings of the present study revealed that overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with osteosarcoma in the limb-salvage treatment group were significantly longer than those in the amputation treatment group [hazard ratio (HR)=0.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63-0.80; P=0.000 vs. HR=0.60; 95% CI: 0.48-0.76; P=0.000]. Additionally, the five-year OS rate for patients in the limb-salvage treatment group was higher than that in the amputation group [odds ratio (OR)=4.48; 95% CI: 2.74-7.31; P=0.000]. However, the local recurrence rate was notably higher in the limb-salvage treatment group compared with the amputation treatment group (OR=2.68; 95% CI: 1.50-4.77; P=0.001). Furthermore, the results indicated no significant difference in distant metastasis rates between the limb-salvage treatment group and the amputation treatment group (OR=0.32; 95% CI: 0.10-1.06; P=0.062). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis underscores the potential of limb-salvage therapy for adolescent patients with osteosarcoma. The OS and PFS of patients undergoing limb-salvage surgery are longer than those of amputation, with a higher five-year OS rate and a similar rate of distant metastasis. However, the local recurrence rate of limb-salvage surgery is significantly higher than that of amputation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Wang
- Department of Nursing, The People's Hospital of YueChi County, Guang'an, Sichuan 638373, P.R. China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The People's Hospital of RenShou County, Meishan, Sichuan 620500, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The People's Hospital of RenShou County, Meishan, Sichuan 620500, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
- Trauma Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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19
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van Ewijk R, Cleirec M, Herold N, le Deley MC, van Eijkelenburg N, Boudou-Rouquette P, Risbourg S, Strauss SJ, Palmerini E, Boye K, Kager L, Hecker-Nolting S, Marchais A, Gaspar N. A systematic review of recent phase-II trials in refractory or recurrent osteosarcoma: Can we inform future trial design? Cancer Treat Rev 2023; 120:102625. [PMID: 37738712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2023.102625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE To analyze changes in recurrent/refractory osteosarcoma phase II trials over time to inform future trials in this population with poor prognosis. METHODS A systematic review of trials registered on trial registries between 01/01/2017-14/02/2022. Comparison of 98 trials identified between 2003 and 2016. Publication search/analysis for both periods, last update on 01/12/2022. RESULTS Between 2017 and 2022, 71 phase-II trials met our selection criteria (19 osteosarcoma-specific trials, 14 solid tumor trials with and 38 trials without an osteosarcoma-specific stratum). The trial number increased over time: 13.9 versus 7 trials/year (p = 0.06). Monotherapy remained the predominant treatment (62% vs. 62%, p = 1). Targeted therapies were increasingly evaluated (66% vs. 41%, P = 0.001). Heterogeneity persisted in the trial characteristics. The inclusion criteria were measurable disease (75%), evaluable disease (14%), and surgical remission (11%). 82% of the trials included pediatric or adolescent patients. Biomarker-driven trials accounted for 25% of the total trials. The survival endpoint use (rather than response) slightly increased (40% versus 31%), but the study H1/H0 hypotheses remained heterogeneous. Single-arm designs predominated over multiarm trials (n = 7). Available efficacy data on 1361 osteosarcoma patients in 58 trials remained disappointing, even though 21% of these trials were considered positive, predominantly those evaluating multi-targeted kinase inhibitors. CONCLUSION Despite observed changes in trial design and an increased number of trials investigating new therapies, high heterogeneity remained with respect to patient selection, study design, primary endpoints, and statistical hypotheses in recently registered phase II trials for osteosarcoma. Continued optimization of trial design informed by a deeper biological understanding should strengthen the development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roelof van Ewijk
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Morgane Cleirec
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Nikolas Herold
- Paediatric Oncology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, and Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie-Cécile le Deley
- Unité de Méthodologie et Biostatistiques, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France; Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, U1018 ONCOSTAT, F-94085 Villejuif, France
| | | | - Pascaline Boudou-Rouquette
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cochin Hospital, Cochin Institute, INSERMU1016, Paris Cancer Institute, CARPEM, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Séverine Risbourg
- Unité de Méthodologie et Biostatistiques, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - Sandra J Strauss
- Department of Oncology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Emanuela Palmerini
- Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Kjetil Boye
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Leo Kager
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria; St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Antonin Marchais
- Department of Oncology for Child and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, BiiOSTeam, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- Department of Oncology for Child and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, BiiOSTeam, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France.
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20
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Olsen HE, Liu KX, Frazier AL, O’Neill AF, Janeway KA, DuBois SG, Shulman DS. Evaluation of prevalence and outcomes of serial tyrosine kinase inhibitor use in pediatric patients with advanced solid tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30652. [PMID: 37644664 PMCID: PMC10528491 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (mTKIs) are increasingly utilized in the treatment of pediatric sarcomas and other solid tumors. It is unknown whether serial treatment with multiple TKIs provides a benefit and which patients are most likely to benefit from mTKI rechallenge. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of pediatric cancer patients who received serial mTKI therapy off-study between 2007 and 2020 as either monotherapy or combination therapy. We report patient characteristics, clinical outcomes, dosing patterns, and treatment-associated toxicity. RESULTS The study cohort included 25 patients. The overall prevalence of serial mTKI therapy among all patients treated for sarcoma at our institution was 3.7%, and the response rate to second mTKI was 9%. Median 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) from start of second mTKI were 42.1% (95% CI: 20.4%-62.5%) and 79.1% (95% CI: 57.0%-90.8%), respectively. Patients who had received 4 months or more (n = 11) of therapy with first mTKI had significantly longer PFS versus those who received less than 4 months (n = 11; p = .001). Thirty-three percent of patients discontinued second mTKI due to toxicity. Six (40%) of 15 patients who discontinued the first mTKI due to progression had either a partial response or stable disease on the second mTKI. CONCLUSIONS We observed a low response rate to mTKI rechallenge. However, we identified patients who had been treated with first mTKI for ≥4 months as more likely to have prolonged stable disease with second mTKI. Several patients had a response or stable disease on the second mTKI despite having progressed on the first mTKI. Though toxicity was common, only a minority of patients discontinued the second mTKI due to toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin X. Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A. Lindsay Frazier
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allison F. O’Neill
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine A. Janeway
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven G. DuBois
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David S. Shulman
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Huang R, Xu M, Guo W, Cheng M, Dong R, Tu J, Xu S, Zou C. Network pharmacology and experimental verification-based strategy for exploring the mechanisms of luteolin in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:213. [PMID: 37749554 PMCID: PMC10521544 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03046-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Luteolin is an active ingredient in various traditional Chinese medicines for the treatment of multiple tumors. However, the mechanisms of its inhibitory effect on osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis remain unclear. PURPOSE To elucidate the anti-osteosarcoma mechanisms of luteolin based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. STUDY DESIGN Integrate network pharmacology predictions, scRNA-seq analysis, molecular docking, and experimental validation. METHODS Luteolin-related targets and osteosarcoma-associated targets were collected from several public databases. The luteolin against osteosarcoma targets were screened and a PPI network was constructed to identify the hub targets. The GO and KEGG enrichment of osteosarcoma-associated targets and luteolin against osteosarcoma targets were performed. And scRNA-seq analysis was performed to determine the distribution of the core target expression in OS tissues. Molecular docking, cell biological assays, and osteosarcoma orthotopic mouse model was performed to validate the inhibitory effect and mechanisms of luteolin on osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis. RESULTS Network pharmacology showed that 251 luteolin against osteosarcoma targets and 8 hub targets including AKT1, ALB, CASP3, IL6, JUN, STAT3, TNF, and VEGFA, and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway might play an important role in anti-osteosarcoma of luteolin. Analysis of public data revealed that AKT1, IL6, JUN, STAT3, TNF, and VEGFA expression in OS tissue was significantly higher than that in normal bones, and the diagnostic value of VEGFA for overall survival and metastasis was increased over time. scRNA-seq analysis revealed significantly higher expression of AKT1, STAT3, and VEGFA in MYC+ osteoblastic OS cells, especially in primary samples. Moreover, the docking activity between luteolin and the hub targets was excellent, as verified by molecular docking. Experimental results showed that luteolin could inhibit cell viability and significantly decrease the expression of AKT1, STAT3, IL6, TNF, and VEGFA, and luteolin could also inhibit osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis in osteosarcoma orthotopic mouse model. CONCLUSION This study shows that luteolin may regulate multiple signaling pathways by targeting various genes like AKT1, STAT3, IL6, TNF, and VEGFA to inhibit osteosarcoma proliferation and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxuan Huang
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mingxian Xu
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weitang Guo
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Mingzhe Cheng
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Image Analysis and Application, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jian Tu
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shao Xu
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. 183, Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Changye Zou
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, 2nd Zhongshan Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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22
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Aiba H, Miwa S, Murakami H, Kimura H. Special Issue: "Pediatric Orthopedic Malignancy: Types, Symptoms, and Treatment". CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1545. [PMID: 37761506 PMCID: PMC10527715 DOI: 10.3390/children10091545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric orthopedic malignancies are extremely rare and require appropriate diagnosis and treatment by a multidisciplinary team [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisaki Aiba
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (H.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Shinji Miwa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan;
| | - Hideki Murakami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (H.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Hiroaki Kimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (H.M.); (H.K.)
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23
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Moisan R, Leroy X, Fron D, Leblond P, Lervat C. Uncommon metachronous multiple sites recurrences of metastatic osteosarcoma cured by surgery: a case report. Acta Oncol 2023; 62:1106-1109. [PMID: 37577764 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2023.2245966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafaël Moisan
- Pediatrics and AYA Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - Xavier Leroy
- Anatomopathology Department, Universitary Hospital Center, Lille, France
| | - Damien Fron
- Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery Department, Universitary Hospital Center, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Leblond
- Pediatric Oncology Department, Centre Léon Bérard IHOPE, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Cyril Lervat
- Pediatrics and AYA Oncology Department, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
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24
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Zhang T, Zhang T, Gao C, Jalal S, Yuan R, Teng H, Li C, Huang L. Antitumor Effects of β-Elemene Through Inducing Autophagy-Mediated Apoptosis in Ewing Sarcoma Family Tumor Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:532-540. [PMID: 37610845 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma family tumors (ESFTs) are a group of aggressive tumors mainly affecting children and young people. A compound derived from Curcuma wenyujin plant or lemon grass, β-elemene, has exhibited antitumor effects to ESFT cells, the mechanism of which remains to be clarified further. Autophagy is involved in the antitumor effects of various drugs, whereas the role of autophagy in the antitumor effects of β-elemene persists controversial. Herein we found that β-elemene treatment inhibited the viability of ESFT cells in a dose-dependent manner. The increase of LC3-II level and the decrease of p62 level were observed in β-elemene-treated cells, as well as the increase of autolysosomes, which indicated the promotion of autophagic flux. Sequentially the autophagy inhibition using 3-MA treatment or ATG5 depletion significantly reversed the viability repression and apoptosis induction by β-elemene treatment. In addition, autophagy was found to be important in the toxic effects induced by the combination treatment of β-elemene and IGF1R inhibition in ESFT cells. Our data suggested an essential role of autophagy in β-elemene-induced apoptosis in ESFT cells, which is anticipated to provide novel insights to the development of ESFT treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanzhou Gao
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, and Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Sajid Jalal
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruqiang Yuan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongming Teng
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, People's Republic of China
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25
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Peretz Soroka H, Vora T, Noujaim J, Marcoux N, Cohen‐Gogo S, Alcindor T, Holloway C, Rodrigues C, Karachiwala H, Alvi S, Lee U, Cheng S, Banerji S, Oberoi S, Feng X, Smrke A, Simmons C, Razak AA, Gupta AA. Real-world experience of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in children, adolescents and adults with relapsed or refractory bone tumours: A Canadian Sarcoma Research and Clinical Collaboration (CanSaRCC) study. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18872-18881. [PMID: 37724607 PMCID: PMC10557866 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We conducted a retrospective multi-centre study to assess the real-world outcome of regorafenib (REGO) and cabozantinib (CABO) in recurrent/refractory bone tumours (BTs) including osteosarcoma (OST), Ewing sarcoma (EWS) and chondrosarcoma (CS)/extra-skeletal mesenchymal CS (ESMC). METHODS After regulatory approval, data from patients with recurrent BT (11 institutions) were extracted from CanSaRCC (Canadian Sarcoma Research and Clinical Collaboration) database. Patient characteristics, treatment and outcomes were collected. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS From July 2018 to May 2022, 66 patients received REGO or CABO; 39 OST, 18 EWS, 4 CS and 5 ESMC. Median age was 27.8 years (range 12-76); median starting dose was 60 mg for CABO (n = 37, range 40-60) and 120 mg for REGO (n = 29, range 40-160). Twenty-eight (42.4%) patients required dose reduction: hand-foot syndrome 7 (10.6%), nausea/vomiting 1 (1.5%), diarrhoea 1 (1.5%), 2 elevated LFTs (3%), elevated bilirubin 1 (1.5%) and mucositis 1 (1.5%). The median OS for patients with OST, EWS, CS and ESMC was 8.5 months (n = 39, 95% CI 7-13.1); 13.4 months (n = 18, 95% CI 3.4-27.2), 8.1 (n = 4, 95% CI 4.1-9.3) and 18.2 (n = 5, 95% CI (10.4-na), respectively. Median PFS for OST, EWS, CS and ECMS was 3.5 (n = 39, 95% CI 2.8-5), 3.9 (n = 18, 95% CI 2.1-5.9), 5.53 (n = 4. 95% CI 2.13-NA) and 11.4 (n = 5, 95% CI 1.83-14.7), respectively. Age, line of therapy, REGO versus CABO, or time from diagnosis to initiation of TKI were not associated with PFS on univariable analysis. CONCLUSION Our real-world data show that TKIs have meaningful activity in recurrent BT with acceptable toxicities when started at modified dosing. Inclusion of TKIs in earlier lines of treatment and/or maintenance therapy could be questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagit Peretz Soroka
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Tushar Vora
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Jonathan Noujaim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Maisonneuve RosemontUniversity of MontrealMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Nicolas Marcoux
- Division of Hematology‐OncologyCentre Hospitalier Universitaire de QuébecQuebecCanada
| | - Sarah Cohen‐Gogo
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Thierry Alcindor
- Division of Medical OncologyMcGill University Health CentreMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Caroline Holloway
- Division of Radiation Oncology, BC CancerUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Caroline Rodrigues
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Hatim Karachiwala
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cross Cancer InstituteAlberta Health ServicesEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Saima Alvi
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/OncologyJim Pattison Children's Hospital SaskatoonSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Ursula Lee
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC CancerUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Sylvia Cheng
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMTB.C. Children's Hospital, BC CancerVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Shantanu Banerji
- Department of Pediatric Hematology‐Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Rady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Sapna Oberoi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology‐Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Rady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaWinnipegManitobaCanada
| | - Xiaolan Feng
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC CancerUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Alannah Smrke
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC CancerUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Christine Simmons
- Division of Medical Oncology, BC CancerUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Albiruni Abdul Razak
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai HospitalUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Abha A. Gupta
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick ChildrenUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
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26
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Kobayashi K, Hanai N, Yoshimoto S, Saito Y, Homma A. Current topics and management of head and neck sarcomas. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2023; 53:743-756. [PMID: 37309253 PMCID: PMC10533342 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyad048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the low incidence, variety of histological types, and heterogeneous biological features of head and neck sarcomas, there is limited high-quality evidence available to head and neck oncologists. For resectable sarcomas, surgical resection followed by radiotherapy is the principle of local treatment, and perioperative chemotherapy is considered for chemotherapy-sensitive sarcomas. They often originate in anatomical border areas such as the skull base and mediastinum, and they require a multidisciplinary treatment approach considering functional and cosmetic impairment. Moreover, head and neck sarcomas may exhibit different behaviour and characteristics than sarcomas of other areas. In recent years, the molecular biological features of sarcomas have been used for the pathological diagnosis and development of novel agents. This review describes the historical background and recent topics that head and neck oncologists should know about this rare tumour from the following five perspectives: (i) epidemiology and general characteristics of head and neck sarcomas; (ii) changes in histopathological diagnosis in the genomic era; (iii) current standard treatment by histological type and clinical questions specific to head and neck; (iv) new drugs for advanced and metastatic soft tissue sarcomas; and (v) proton and carbon ion radiotherapy for head and neck sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Kobayashi
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - Nobuhiro Hanai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya
| | - Seiichi Yoshimoto
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - Akihiro Homma
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Ji Z, Shen J, Lan Y, Yi Q, Liu H. Targeting signaling pathways in osteosarcoma: Mechanisms and clinical studies. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e308. [PMID: 37441462 PMCID: PMC10333890 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly prevalent bone malignancy among adolescents, accounting for 40% of all primary malignant bone tumors. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with limb-preserving surgery has effectively reduced patient disability and mortality, but pulmonary metastases and OS cells' resistance to chemotherapeutic agents are pressing challenges in the clinical management of OS. There has been an urgent need to identify new biomarkers for OS to develop specific targeted therapies. Recently, the continued advancements in genomic analysis have contributed to the identification of clinically significant molecular biomarkers for diagnosing OS, acting as therapeutic targets, and predicting prognosis. Additionally, the contemporary molecular classifications have revealed that the signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT3, Hippo, Notch, PD-1/PD-L1, MAPK, and NF-κB, have an integral role in OS onset, progression, metastasis, and treatment response. These molecular classifications and biological markers have created new avenues for more accurate OS diagnosis and relevant treatment. We herein present a review of the recent findings for the modulatory role of signaling pathways as possible biological markers and treatment targets for OS. This review also discusses current OS therapeutic approaches, including signaling pathway-based therapies developed over the past decade. Additionally, the review covers the signaling targets involved in the curative effects of traditional Chinese medicines in the context of expression regulation of relevant genes and proteins through the signaling pathways to inhibit OS cell growth. These findings are expected to provide directions for integrating genomic, molecular, and clinical profiles to enhance OS diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Ji
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Jianlin Shen
- Department of OrthopaedicsAffiliated Hospital of Putian UniversityPutianFujianChina
| | - Yujian Lan
- School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceSouthwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouSichuanChina
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Wang R, Wang D, Bai X, Guo J, Xia S, Cheng Y, Gu Y, Wang Q, Nie J, Chen D, Liu W, Liang J. Kinome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens revealed PLK1 as a therapeutic target for osteosarcoma. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:231. [PMID: 37419907 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01526-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor, tending to be aggressive and recurrent. The therapeutic development for treating osteosarcoma has been largely hampered by the lack of effective and specific targets. Using kinome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens, we systematically revealed a cohort of kinases essential for the survival and growth of human osteosarcoma cells, in which Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) appeared as a specific prominent hit. PLK1 knockout substantially inhibited proliferation of osteosarcoma cells in vitro and the tumor growth of osteosarcoma xenograft in vivo. Volasertib, a potent experimental PLK1 inhibitor, can effectively inhibit the growth of the osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro. It can also disrupt the development of tumors in the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in vivo. Furthermore, we confirmed that the mode of action (MoA) of volasertib is primarily mediated by the cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis triggered by DNA damage. As PLK1 inhibitors are entering phase III clinical trials, our findings provide important insights into the efficacy and MoA of the relevant therapeutic approach for combating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renxian Wang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dingding Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xueshan Bai
- Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxun Guo
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Songxia Xia
- Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery Department, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuning Cheng
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yani Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjun Nie
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dafu Chen
- Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, National Center for Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Junbo Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Zarghooni K, Bratke G, Landgraf P, Simon T, Maintz D, Eysel P. The Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteosarcoma and Ewing's Sarcoma in Children and Adolescents. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 120:405-412. [PMID: 37097079 PMCID: PMC10437036 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2023.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma in children and adolescents require age-specific interdisciplinary diagnosis and treatment to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. METHODS The diagnosis and treatment of malignant bone tumors in childhood and adolescence are presented in the light of publications retrieved by a selective search, pertinent guidelines, and the authors' extensive experience in an interdisciplinary cancer center. RESULTS Bone sarcomas make up approximately 5% of all malignancies in children and adolescents; the most common types are Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma. Patients are often not referred to a specialized center until long after the onset of symptoms, as they and their physicians rarely consider the possibility of a bone tumor, and the symptoms are often trivialized. Bone pain of unknown origin, swelling, and functional limitations should be investigated with conventional x-rays. Lesions of unclear origin should be biopsied after a meticulous clinical and radiologic evaluation. Multimodal treatment consists of neo - adjuvant chemotherapy, limb-preserving resection if possible, and radiotherapy where indicated. In multicenter studies, patients with osteosarcoma achieve event-free survival in 64% of cases if their disease is localized, and 28% if it is metastatic; the corresponding figures for patients with Ewing's sarcoma are 80% and 27%, respectively. CONCLUSION With implementation of the current treatment recommendations, most children and adolescents with malignant bone tumors can be treated successfully with curative intent. These patients should be referred to a sarcoma center for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Zarghooni
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Helios Hospital Hildesheim, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Grischa Bratke
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - Pablo Landgraf
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Thorsten Simon
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - David Maintz
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
| | - Peer Eysel
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Germany
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Adamczewska-Wawrzynowicz K, Wiącek A, Kozłowska A, Mikosza K, Szefler L, Dudlik W, Dey S, Varghese N, Derwich K. Modern treatment strategies in pediatric oncology and hematology. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:98. [PMID: 37314524 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Every year, approximately 400 00 children worldwide are diagnosed with cancer. Although treatment results in most types of childhood neoplasms are excellent with survival more than 80%, there are some with poor prognosis. Also recurrent and resistant to treatment childhood cancer remain a therapeutic challenge. Besides chemotherapy, which has been the basis of cancer therapy for years, molecular methods and precisely targeted therapies have recently found their usage. As a result of that, survival has improved and has positively impacted the rate of toxicities associated with chemotherapy (Butler et al. in CA Cancer J Clin 71:315-332, 2021). These achievements have contributed to better quality of patients' lives. Current methods of treatment and ongoing trials give hope for patients with relapses and resistance to conventional chemotherapy. This review focuses on the most recent progress in pediatric oncology treatments and discusses specific therapy methods for particular cancers types of cancer. Targeted therapies and molecular approaches have become more beneficial but research need to be continued in this field. Despite significant breakthroughs in pediatric oncology in the last few years, there is still a need to find new and more specific methods of treatment to increase the survival of children with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Adamczewska-Wawrzynowicz
- Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33 street, 61-572, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Wiącek
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Klaudia Mikosza
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Lidia Szefler
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Weronika Dudlik
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Shreya Dey
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Noel Varghese
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Derwich
- Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33 street, 61-572, Poznan, Poland.
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Shi B, Chang J, Sun X, Ma X, Zhao P, Zhou C, Wang Y, Yang Y. A meta-analysis: the clinical value of PD-1 inhibitor or protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of advanced osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1148735. [PMID: 37377920 PMCID: PMC10291171 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1148735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds PD-1 inhibitors and TKIs have been used to treat advanced osteosarcoma, but there is still a lack of intuitive data for the comparison of their efficacy. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate their therapeutic benefits. Methods A systematic methodological search of five primary electronic databases was performed. Studies with a randomized design of any type about PD-1 inhibitors or TKIs for the treatment of advanced osteosarcoma were included. The primary outcomes mainly included CBR, PFS, OS and ORR, The CR, PR, SD and AEs were the secondary outcomes. The survival period (months) of patients was taken as the main analysis data. Random-effects models were used for meta-analysis. Results Eight immunocheckpoint inhibitors in 327 patients from 10 clinical trials were finally evaluated. For OS, TKIs [11.67 months (95% CI, 9.32-14.01)] show more obvious advantages than PD-1 inhibitors [6.37 months (95% CI, 3.96-8.78)]. For PFS, TKIs [4.79 months (95% CI, 3.33-6.24)] are longer than PD-1 inhibitors [1.46 months (95% CI, 1.23-1.69)]. Although there was no fatal event, attention should still be paid, especially during the combined application of PD-1 inhibitors with TKIs since their obvious AEs. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that patients with advanced osteosarcoma, TKIs may be more beneficial than PD-1 inhibitors. TKIs combined with PD-1 inhibitors has a bright future in the treatment of advanced osteosarcoma, but we should always pay attention to the strong side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhao Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Junli Chang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyuan Sun
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Chujie Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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Xue Y, Feng S, Li G, Zhang C. Safety profile of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine-kinase inhibitors in pediatrics: a pharmacovigilance disproportionality analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1160117. [PMID: 37377925 PMCID: PMC10291139 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1160117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: existing research on children consists primarily of phase I/II clinical trials for VEGFR-TKI. System reports of safety on the use of VEGFR-TKI in pediatrics are lacking. Aim: to investigate the safety profiles of VEGFR-TKI in pediatrics via the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Method: data regarding VEGFR-TKIs were extracted from the FAERS between 2004Q1 to 2022Q3 and categorized by the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA). Population characteristics were analyzed, and reporting odds ratio (ROR) was performed to identify risk signals associated with VEGFR-TKI. Results: 53,921 cases containing 561 children were identified in the database from 18 May 2005, to 30 September 2022. Among those in the system organ class, skin, subcutaneous tissue disorders, and blood and lymphatic system disorders in pediatrics contributed to over 140 cases. Palmar-plantar eythrodysesthesia syndrome (PPES) in VEGFR-TKI presented the most significant 340.9 (95% 229.2-507.0). And pneumothorax also gave a high reporting odds ratio of 48.9 (95% 34.7-68.9). For a specific drug, musculoskeletal pain gave a ROR of 78.5 (95% 24.4-252.6) in cabozantinib and oesophagitis in lenvatinib with a ROR of 95.2 (95% 29.5-306.9). Additionally, hypothyroidism presented a high signal, especially sunitinib, with a ROR of 107.8 (95% 37.6-308.7). Conclusion: the present study explored the safety profile of VEGFR-TKI in pediatrics using the FAERS database. Multiple skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders, as well as blood and lymphatic system disorders, were common VEGFR-TKI-related AEs in system organ class. No serious hepatobiliary AEs were detected. For the specific AEs, PPES and pneumothorax were VEGFR-TKI-related AEs that presented significantly higher signals than those in the general population.
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Wu SY, Hsu CK, Yue CT, Tsai YC. Large retroperitoneal extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma with renal pedicle invasion: a case report. BMC Urol 2023; 23:95. [PMID: 37194057 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01272-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma (EES) is a rare malignant tumor primarily found in children and young adults. Localized disease can present with nonspecific symptoms such as local mass, regional pain, and increased skin temperature. More severe cases may present with systemic symptoms such as malaise, weakness, fever, anemia, and weight loss. Among these lesions, retroperitoneal sarcomas are relatively uncommon and difficult to diagnose. Since they are usually asymptomatic until large enough to compress or invade the surrounding tissues, most are already advanced at first detection. Traditionally, the treatment of choice is complete surgical resection, sometimes combined with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We report a case of EES with left renal artery invasion in the left retroperitoneal cavity successfully treated with transarterial embolization and surgery. CASE PRESENTATION A 57-year-old woman with a negative family history of cancer presented at our Urology Department with a large left retroperitoneal tumor found by magnetic resonance imaging during the health exam. Physical examination showed a soft abdomen and no palpable mass or tenderness. Imaging studies showed that the tumor covered the entire left renal pedicle, but the left kidney, left adrenal gland, and pancreas appeared tumor free. Since the tumor tightly covered the entire renal pedicle, tumor excision with radical nephrectomy was advised. The patient underwent transarterial embolization of the left renal artery with 10 mg of Gelfoam pieces daily before surgical excision. Tumor excision and left radical nephrectomy were uneventful the day after embolization. Post-operatively, the patient recovered well and was discharged on day 10. The final histopathological analysis showed a round blue cell tumor consistent with an Ewing sarcoma, and the surgical margins were tumor free. CONCLUSIONS Retroperitoneal malignancies are rare but usually severe conditions. Our case report showed that retroperitoneal EES with renal artery invasion could be treated safely with transarterial embolization and surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yu Wu
- Department of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, Jianguo Rd., Xindian Dist, New Taipei City, 231, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Kai Hsu
- Department of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, Jianguo Rd., Xindian Dist, New Taipei City, 231, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Tai Yue
- Department of Pathology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chou Tsai
- Department of Urology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, No. 289, Jianguo Rd., Xindian Dist, New Taipei City, 231, Taiwan.
- Department of Urology, School of medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Wood GE, Graves LA, Rubin EM, Reed DR, Riedel RF, Strauss SJ. Bad to the Bone: Emerging Approaches to Aggressive Bone Sarcomas. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2023; 43:e390306. [PMID: 37220319 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_390306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone sarcomas are rare heterogeneous tumors that affect patients of all ages including children, adolescent young adults, and older adults. They include many aggressive subtypes and patient groups with poor outcomes, poor access to clinical trials, and lack of defined standard therapeutic strategies. Conventional chondrosarcoma remains a surgical disease, with no defined role for cytotoxic therapy and no approved targeted systemic therapies. Here, we discuss promising novel targets and strategies undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. Multiagent chemotherapy has greatly improved outcomes for patients with Ewing sarcoma (ES) and osteosarcoma, but management of those with high-risk or recurrent disease remains challenging and controversial. We describe the impact of international collaborative trials, such as the rEECur study, that aim to define optimal treatment strategies for those with recurrent, refractory ES, and evidence for high-dose chemotherapy with stem-cell support. We also discuss current and emerging strategies for other small round cell sarcomas, such as CIC-rearranged, BCOR-rearranged tumors, and the evaluation of emerging novel therapeutics and trial designs that may offer a new paradigm to improve survival in these aggressive tumors with notoriously bad (to the bone) outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina E Wood
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laurie A Graves
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Elyssa M Rubin
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA
| | - Damon R Reed
- Department of Individualized Cancer Management, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - Richard F Riedel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC
| | - Sandra J Strauss
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Watabe T, Takahashi K, Pietras K, Yoshimatsu Y. Roles of TGF-β signals in tumor microenvironment via regulation of the formation and plasticity of vascular system. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 92:130-138. [PMID: 37068553 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells evolve in tumor microenvironment composed of multiple cell types. Among these, endothelial cells (ECs) are the major players in tumor angiogenesis, which is a driver of tumor progression and metastasis. Increasing evidence suggests that ECs also contribute to tumor progression and metastasis as they modify their phenotypes to differentiate into mesenchymal cells through a process known as endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT). This plasticity of ECs is mediated by various cytokines, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and modulated by other stimuli depending on the cellular contexts. Recent lines of evidence have shown that EndoMT is involved in various steps of tumor progression, including tumor angiogenesis, intravasation and extravasation of cancer cells, formation of cancer-associated fibroblasts, and cancer therapy resistance. In this review, we summarize current updates on EndoMT, highlight the roles of EndoMT in tumor progression and metastasis, and underline targeting EndoMT as a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Watabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kristian Pietras
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Translational Cancer Research, Lund University Cancer Centre, Medicon Village, Lund University, 223 81 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Yasuhiro Yoshimatsu
- Division of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
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Pilavaki P, Gahanbani Ardakani A, Gikas P, Constantinidou A. Osteosarcoma: Current Concepts and Evolutions in Management Principles. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082785. [PMID: 37109122 PMCID: PMC10143544 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a rare malignancy arising from mesenchymal tissue, and represents the most common bone sarcoma. The management of osteosarcoma is challenging, and requires a multidisciplinary approach. In daily clinical practice, surgery, radiotherapy, and conventional chemotherapy constitute the therapeutic armamentarium against the disease. However, a significant number of patients with initially localized osteosarcoma will experience local or distant recurrence, and the prognosis for metastatic disease remains dismal. There is a pressing need to identify novel therapeutic strategies to better manage osteosarcoma and improve survival outcomes. In this study, we present recent advances in the therapeutic management of osteosarcoma, including surgical and medical advances. The role of immunotherapy (immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cellular therapy, cancer vaccines) and other targeted therapies including tyrosine kinase inhibitors is discussed; however, additional studies are required to delineate their roles in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pampina Pilavaki
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
- Medical Oncology, Bank of Cyprus Oncology Center, Nicosia 2006, Cyprus
| | | | - Panagiotis Gikas
- Department of Orthopaedics, Cleveland Clinic London, London SW1X 7HY, UK
| | - Anastasia Constantinidou
- Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
- Medical Oncology, Bank of Cyprus Oncology Center, Nicosia 2006, Cyprus
- Cyprus Cancer Research Institute, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus
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Setty BA, Gikandi A, DuBois SG. Ewing Sarcoma Drug Therapy: Current Standard of Care and Emerging Agents. Paediatr Drugs 2023:10.1007/s40272-023-00568-9. [PMID: 37014523 DOI: 10.1007/s40272-023-00568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is a translocation-associated sarcoma mainly impacting adolescents and young adults. The classic translocation (EWSR1::FLI1) leads to a fusion oncoprotein that functions as an aberrant transcription factor. As such, the oncogenic driver of this disease has been difficult to target pharmacologically and, therefore, the systemic therapies used to treat patients with Ewing sarcoma have typically been non-selective cytotoxic chemotherapy agents. The current review highlights recent clinical trials from the last decade that provide the evidence base for contemporary drug therapy for patients with Ewing sarcoma, while also highlighting novel therapies under active clinical investigation in this disease. We review recent trials that have led to the establishment of interval-compressed chemotherapy as an international standard for patients with newly diagnosed localized disease. We further highlight recent trials that have shown a lack of demonstrable benefit from high-dose chemotherapy or IGF-1R inhibition for patients with newly diagnosed metastatic disease. Finally, we provide an overview of chemotherapy regimens and targeted therapies used in the management of patients with recurrent Ewing sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvana A Setty
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Steven G DuBois
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Tharakan S, Raja I, Pietraru A, Sarecha E, Gresita A, Petcu E, Ilyas A, Hadjiargyrou M. The Use of Hydrogels for the Treatment of Bone Osteosarcoma via Localized Drug-Delivery and Tissue Regeneration: A Narrative Review. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040274. [PMID: 37102886 PMCID: PMC10137556 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor of bone that leads to poor mortality and morbidity. Management of this cancer through conventional methods involves invasive treatment options that place patients at an increased risk of adverse events. The use of hydrogels to target osteosarcoma has shown promising results both in vitro and in vivo to eradicate tumor cells while promoting bone regeneration. The loading of hydrogels with chemotherapeutic drugs provides a route for site-specific targeted therapy for osteosarcoma. Current studies demonstrate tumor regression in vivo and lysis of tumor cells in vitro when exposed to doped hydrogel scaffolds. Additionally, novel stimuli-responsive hydrogels are able to react with the tissue microenvironment to facilitate the controlled release of anti-tumor drugs and with biomechanical properties that can be modulated. This narrative review of the current literature discusses both in vitro and in vivo studies of different hydrogels, including stimuli-responsive, designed to treat bone osteosarcoma. Future applications to address patient treatment for this bone cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shebin Tharakan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA (I.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Iman Raja
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA (I.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Annette Pietraru
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Elina Sarecha
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Andrei Gresita
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA (I.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Eugen Petcu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA (I.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Azhar Ilyas
- Department of Electrical and Computing Engineering, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | - Michael Hadjiargyrou
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-516-686-7738
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Ebrahimi N, Fardi E, Ghaderi H, Palizdar S, Khorram R, Vafadar R, Ghanaatian M, Rezaei-Tazangi F, Baziyar P, Ahmadi A, Hamblin MR, Aref AR. Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:104. [PMID: 36947256 PMCID: PMC11073124 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04729-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Targeted therapy is a new cancer treatment approach, involving drugs that particularly target specific proteins in cancer cells, such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) which are involved in promoting growth and proliferation, Therefore inhibiting these proteins could impede cancer progression. An understanding of RTKs and the relevant signaling cascades, has enabled the development of many targeted drug therapies employing RTK inhibitors (RTKIs) some of which have entered clinical application. Here we discuss RTK structures, activation mechanisms and functions. Moreover, we cover the potential effects of combination drug therapy (including chemotherapy or immunotherapy agents with one RTKI or multiple RTKIs) especially for drug resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ebrahimi
- Genetics Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elmira Fardi
- Medical Branch, Islamic Azad University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hajarossadat Ghaderi
- Laboratory of Regenerative and Medical Innovation, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Palizdar
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University of Tehran East Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Khorram
- Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Vafadar
- Department of Orthopeadic Surgery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masoud Ghanaatian
- Master 1 Bio-Santé-Parcours Toulouse Graduate School of Cancer, Ageing and Rejuvenation (CARe), Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Payam Baziyar
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Uinversity of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Translational Medicine Group, Xsphera Biosciences, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA.
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40
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Fleuren EDG, Vlenterie M, van der Graaf WTA. Recent advances on anti-angiogenic multi-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1013359. [PMID: 36994209 PMCID: PMC10040783 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1013359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing sarcoma (ES) are the two most common types of primary bone cancer that predominantly affect the young. Despite aggressive multimodal treatment, survival has not improved significantly over the past four decades. Clinical efficacy has historically been observed for some mono-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) inhibitors, albeit in small subsets of OS and ES patients. Clinical efficacy in larger groups of OS or ES patients was reported recently with several newer generation multi-RTK inhibitors. All these inhibitors combine a strong anti-angiogenic (VEGFRs) component with simultaneous inhibition of other key RTKs implicated in OS and ES progression (PDGFR, FGFR, KIT and/or MET). However, despite interesting clinical data, none of these agents have obtained a registration for these indications and are thus difficult to implement in routine OS and ES patient care. It is at present also unclear which of these drugs, with largely overlapping molecular inhibition profiles, would work best for which patient or subtype, and treatment resistance almost uniformly occurs. Here, we provide a critical assessment and systemic comparison on the clinical outcomes to the six most tested drugs in this field in OS and ES to date, including pazopanib, sorafenib, regorafenib, anlotinib, lenvatinib and cabozantinib. We pay special attention to clinical response evaluations in bone sarcomas and provide drug comparisons, including drug-related toxicity, to put these drugs into context for OS and ES patients, and describe how future trials utilizing anti-angiogenic multi-RTK targeted drugs could be designed to ultimately improve response rates and decrease toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy D. G. Fleuren
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Emmy D. G. Fleuren,
| | - Myrella Vlenterie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Winette T. A. van der Graaf
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Kim T, Bui NQ. The Next Frontier in Sarcoma: Molecular Pathways and Associated Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061692. [PMID: 36980578 PMCID: PMC10046114 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a rare, complex, heterogeneous group of mesenchymal neoplasms with over 150 different histological subtypes. Treatments for this malignancy have been especially challenging due to the heterogeneity of the disease and the modest efficacy of conventional chemotherapy. The next frontier lies in discerning the molecular pathways in which these mesenchymal neoplasms arise, metastasize, and develop drug-resistance, thereby helping guide new therapeutic targets for the treatment of STS. This comprehensive review will discuss the current understanding of tumorigenesis of specific STS subtypes, including oncogenic pathway alterations involved in cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis, NOTCH signaling, and aberrant genetic rearrangements. It will then review current therapies that have been recently developed to target these pathways, including a review of ongoing clinical studies for targeted sarcoma treatment, as well as discuss new potential avenues for therapies against known molecular pathways of sarcomagenesis.
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Li S, Zhang H, Liu J, Shang G. Targeted therapy for osteosarcoma: a review. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s00432-023-04614-4. [PMID: 36807762 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant tumour of the bone that usually occurs in children and adolescents. It is characterised by difficult treatment, recurrence and metastasis, and poor prognosis. Currently, the treatment of osteosarcoma is mainly based on surgery and auxiliary chemotherapy. However, for recurrent and some primary osteosarcoma cases, owing to the rapid progression of disease and chemotherapy resistance, the effects of chemotherapy are poor. With the rapid development of tumour-targeted therapy, molecular-targeted therapy for osteosarcoma has shown promise. PURPOSE In this paper, we review the molecular mechanisms, related targets, and clinical applications of targeted osteosarcoma therapy. In doing this, we provide a summary of recent literature on the characteristics of targeted osteosarcoma therapy, the advantages of its clinical application, and development of targeted therapy in future. We aim to provide new insights into the treatment of osteosarcoma. CONCLUSION Targeted therapy shows potential in the treatment of osteosarcoma and may offer an important means of precise and personalised treatment in the future, but drug resistance and adverse effects may limit its application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhe Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China.,Graduate School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guanning Shang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, 110022, Liaoning Province, China.
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Kokkali S, Kyriazoglou A, Mangou E, Economopoulou P, Panousieris M, Psyrri A, Ardavanis A, Vassos N, Boukovinas I. Real-World Data on Cabozantinib in Advanced Osteosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma Patients: A Study from the Hellenic Group of Sarcoma and Rare Cancers. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12031119. [PMID: 36769769 PMCID: PMC9918141 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced osteosarcomas (OSs) and Ewing sarcomas (ESs) tend to have poor prognosis with limited therapeutic options beyond first-line therapy. Aberrant angiogenesis and MET signaling play an important role in preclinical models. The anti-angiogenic drug cabozantinib was tested in a phase 2 trial of advanced OS and ES and was associated with clinical benefits. We retrospectively analyzed the off-label use of cabozantinib in adult patients with advanced OS and ES/primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) in three centers of the Hellenic Group of Sarcoma and Rare Cancers (HGSRC). Between April 2019 and January 2022, 16 patients started taking 60 mg of cabozantinib for advanced bone sarcoma or PNET. Median age at cabozantinib initiation was 31 years (17-83). All patients had received peri-operative chemotherapy for primary sarcoma and between 0 and 4 lines of treatment (median; 2.5) for advanced disease. The most common adverse effects included fatigue, anorexia, hypertransaminasemia, weight loss, and diarrhea. One toxic death was noted (cerebral hemorrhage). Dose reduction to 40 mg was required in 31.3% of the patients. No objective response was noted, and 9/16 patients exhibited stable disease outcomes. Progression-free survival varied from 1 to 8 (median; 5) months. Our study demonstrates that cabozantinib has antitumor activity in this population. In the real-life setting, we observed similar adverse events as in the CABONE study and in other neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Kokkali
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Savvas Anticancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hippocratio General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2132089511
| | - Anastasios Kyriazoglou
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Elpida Mangou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Savvas Anticancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Economopoulou
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Panousieris
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Savvas Anticancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Amanda Psyrri
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros Ardavanis
- Department of Medical Oncology, Saint-Savvas Anticancer Hospital, 11522 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Vassos
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ioannis Boukovinas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bioclinic Hospital, 54622 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Bertacca I, Pegoraro F, Tondo A, Favre C. Targeted treatment of solid tumors in pediatric precision oncology. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1176790. [PMID: 37213274 PMCID: PMC10196192 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1176790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of childhood solid cancer has markedly evolved in recent years following a refined molecular characterization and the introduction of novel targeted drugs. On one hand, larger sequencing studies have revealed a spectrum of mutations in pediatric tumors different from adults. On the other hand, specific mutations or immune dysregulated pathways have been targeted in preclinical and clinical studies, with heterogeneous results. Of note, the development of national platforms for tumor molecular profiling and, in less measure, for targeted treatment, has been essential in the process. However, many of the available molecules have been tested only in relapsed or refractory patients, and have proven poorly effective, at least in monotherapy. Our future approaches should certainly aim at improving the access to molecular characterization, to obtain a deeper picture of the distinctive phenotype of childhood cancer. In parallel, the implementation of access to novel drugs should not only be limited to basket or umbrella studies but also to larger, multi-drug international studies. In this paper we reviewed the molecular features and the main available therapeutic options in pediatric solid cancer, focusing on available targeted drugs and ongoing investigations, aiming at providing a useful tool to navigate the heterogeneity of this promising but complex field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bertacca
- Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Firenze, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences , University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Pegoraro
- Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Firenze, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences , University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tondo
- Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudio Favre
- Paediatric Hematology/Oncology Department, Meyer Children’s Hospital, Firenze, Italy
- *Correspondence: Claudio Favre,
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45
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Connolly EA, Grimison PS, Horvath LG, Robinson PJ, Reddel RR. Quantitative proteomic studies addressing unmet clinical needs in sarcoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1126736. [PMID: 37197427 PMCID: PMC10183589 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1126736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcoma is a rare and complex disease comprising over 80 malignant subtypes that is frequently characterized by poor prognosis. Challenges in clinical management include uncertainties in diagnosis and disease classification, limited prognostic and predictive biomarkers, incompletely understood disease heterogeneity among and within subtypes, lack of effective treatment options, and limited progress in identifying new drug targets and novel therapeutics. Proteomics refers to the study of the entire complement of proteins expressed in specific cells or tissues. Advances in proteomics have included the development of quantitative mass spectrometry (MS)-based technologies which enable analysis of large numbers of proteins with relatively high throughput, enabling proteomics to be studied on a scale that has not previously been possible. Cellular function is determined by the levels of various proteins and their interactions, so proteomics offers the possibility of new insights into cancer biology. Sarcoma proteomics therefore has the potential to address some of the key current challenges described above, but it is still in its infancy. This review covers key quantitative proteomic sarcoma studies with findings that pertain to clinical utility. Proteomic methodologies that have been applied to human sarcoma research are briefly described, including recent advances in MS-based proteomic technology. We highlight studies that illustrate how proteomics may aid diagnosis and improve disease classification by distinguishing sarcoma histologies and identify distinct profiles within histological subtypes which may aid understanding of disease heterogeneity. We also review studies where proteomics has been applied to identify prognostic, predictive and therapeutic biomarkers. These studies traverse a range of histological subtypes including chordoma, Ewing sarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, myxofibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. Critical questions and unmet needs in sarcoma which can potentially be addressed with proteomics are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Connolly
- ProCan, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Elizabeth A. Connolly,
| | - Peter S. Grimison
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa G. Horvath
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O’Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillip J. Robinson
- ProCan, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Roger R. Reddel
- ProCan, Children’s Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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The Outcome of Discontinuing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Advanced Sarcoma Following a Favorable Tumor Response to Antiangiogenics Therapy. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010325. [PMID: 36615127 PMCID: PMC9821264 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The use of antiangiogenic TKIs (AA-TKIs) has recently emerged as a major paradigm shift in the treatment of advanced sarcoma. However, the feasibility of drug holidays for patients demonstrating a very favorable response remains unknown. (2) Methods: We aim to explore the outcomes of patients with advanced sarcoma who discontinued AA-TKIs after a (near-) complete remission or were long-term responders. Patients with advanced disease were included if they had bilateral or multiple lung metastases, extrapulmonary recurrence, a short disease-free interval, etc., at the initiation of AA-TKIs. (3) Results: A total of 22 patients with AA-TKI discontinuation were analyzed, with a median follow-up of 22.3 months post-discontinuation. Prior to discontinuation, there were four drug-induced complete remissions (CRs), twelve surgical CRs, and six long-term responders. Disease progression was observed in 17/22 (77.3%) patients, with a median of 4.2 months. However, since the majority were still sensitive to the original AA-TKIs and amenable to a second surgical remission, 7 out of these 17 patients achieved a second CR after disease progression and were thus considered as relapse-free post-discontinuation (pd-RFS). Therefore, the pd-RFS and post-discontinuation overall survival (pd-OS) in the last follow-up were 12/22 (54.5%) and 16/22 (72.7%), respectively. Remarkably, surgical CR and drug tapering off (versus abrupt stopping) were associated with a greater pd-RFS and pd-OS (p < 0.05). Furthermore, higher necrosis rates (p = 0.040) and lower neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios (NLR) (p = 0.060) before discontinuation tend to have a better pd-RFS. (4) Conclusions: Our results suggest that AA-TKI discontinuation with a taper-off strategy might be safe and feasible in highly selected patients with advanced sarcoma. Surgical CR, NLR, and tumor necrosis rates before discontinuation were potential biomarkers for AA-TKI withdrawal.
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47
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Zheng K, Bai J, Yang H, Xu Y, Pan G, Wang H, Geng D. Nanomaterial-assisted theranosis of bone diseases. Bioact Mater 2022; 24:263-312. [PMID: 36632509 PMCID: PMC9813540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-related diseases refer to a group of skeletal disorders that are characterized by bone and cartilage destruction. Conventional approaches can regulate bone homeostasis to a certain extent. However, these therapies are still associated with some undesirable problems. Fortunately, recent advances in nanomaterials have provided unprecedented opportunities for diagnosis and therapy of bone-related diseases. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of current advanced theranostic nanomaterials in bone-related diseases. First, the potential utility of nanomaterials for biological imaging and biomarker detection is illustrated. Second, nanomaterials serve as therapeutic delivery platforms with special functions for bone homeostasis regulation and cellular modulation are highlighted. Finally, perspectives in this field are offered, including current key bottlenecks and future directions, which may be helpful for exploiting nanomaterials with novel properties and unique functions. This review will provide scientific guidance to enhance the development of advanced nanomaterials for the diagnosis and therapy of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China,Corresponding author.Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- Institute for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China,Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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Blum V, Andrei V, Ameline B, Hofer S, Fuchs B, Strobel K, Allemann A, Bode B, Baumhoer D. Metastatic mesenchymal chondrosarcoma showing a sustained response to cabozantinib: A case report. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1086677. [PMID: 36578930 PMCID: PMC9791217 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1086677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a rare and aggressive sarcoma subtype with high risk for distant metastases and poor prognosis. Currently NCCN- and ESMO-Guidelines recommend using Ewing sarcoma protocols as standard treatment. Nevertheless, in localized disease overall 5-year survival rates are below 50% whereas in metastatic spread median progression-free survival rates of only 5 months can be expected. Here we present a patient with metastatic osseous spread of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma that showed a sustained clinical improvement and a good partial response on imaging over a period of one year when treated with the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib. Although we cannot explain the exact mechanism underlying this treatment effect, tumors with similar genetic patterns might respond to the same therapy as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Blum
- Oncology Department, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzerne, Switzerland
| | - Vanghelita Andrei
- Bone Tumour Reference Center, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Ameline
- Bone Tumour Reference Center, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Hofer
- Neurology Department, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Fuchs
- Oncology Department, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzerne, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Strobel
- Oncology Department, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzerne, Switzerland
| | - Anna Allemann
- Oncology Department, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzerne, Switzerland
| | - Beata Bode
- Pathology Institute Enge, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Baumhoer
- Bone Tumour Reference Center, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Daniel Baumhoer,
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49
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Chen C, Shi Q, Xu J, Ren T, Huang Y, Guo W. Current progress and open challenges for applying tyrosine kinase inhibitors in osteosarcoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:488. [PMID: 36509754 PMCID: PMC9744866 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a mesenchymal-origin tumor that constitutes the most common primary malignant bone tumor. The survival rate of the patients has significantly improved since the introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and extensive resection, but it has stagnated in recent 40 years. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have played a key part in the treatment of malignant tumors. In advanced OS, TKIs including anlotinib, apatinib, sorafenib, etc. have significantly improved the progression-free survival of patients, while the overall survival remains unchanged. The main reason is the rapid and inevitable progress of acquired drug resistance of OS. However, as the application of TKIs in OS and other tumors is still in the exploratory phase, its drug resistance mechanism and corresponding solutions are rarely reported. Hence, in this review, we summarize knowledge of the applications of TKIs, the mechanism of TKIs resistance, and the attempts to overcome TKIs resistance in OS, which are the three potentially novel insights of TKIs in OS. Because most evidence is derived from studies using animal and cell models, we also reviewed clinical trials and related bioinformatics data available in public databases, which partially improved our understanding of TKIs applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Chen
- grid.414360.40000 0004 0605 7104Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianyu Shi
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiuhui Xu
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Ren
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Huang
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Guo
- grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China ,grid.411634.50000 0004 0632 4559Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Beird HC, Bielack SS, Flanagan AM, Gill J, Heymann D, Janeway KA, Livingston JA, Roberts RD, Strauss SJ, Gorlick R. Osteosarcoma. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:77. [PMID: 36481668 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of the bone. Osteosarcoma incidence is bimodal, peaking at 18 and 60 years of age, and is slightly more common in males. The key pathophysiological mechanism involves several possible genetic drivers of disease linked to bone formation, causing malignant progression and metastasis. While there have been significant improvements in the outcome of patients with localized disease, with event-free survival outcomes exceeding 60%, in patients with metastatic disease, event-free survival outcomes remain poor at less than 30%. The suspicion of osteosarcoma based on radiographs still requires pathological evaluation of a bone biopsy specimen for definitive diagnosis and CT imaging of the chest should be performed to identify lung nodules. So far, population-based screening and surveillance strategies have not been implemented due to the rarity of osteosarcoma and the lack of reliable markers. Current screening focuses only on groups at high risk such as patients with genetic cancer predisposition syndromes. Management of osteosarcoma requires a multidisciplinary team of paediatric and medical oncologists, orthopaedic and general surgeons, pathologists, radiologists and specialist nurses. Survivors of osteosarcoma require specialized medical follow-up, as curative treatment consisting of chemotherapy and surgery has long-term adverse effects, which also affect the quality of life of patients. The development of osteosarcoma model systems and related research as well as the evaluation of new treatment approaches are ongoing to improve disease outcomes, especially for patients with metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah C Beird
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stefan S Bielack
- Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Adrienne M Flanagan
- Research Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Gill
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dominique Heymann
- Nantes Université, CNRS, UMR6286, US2B, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - Katherine A Janeway
- Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Andrew Livingston
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan D Roberts
- Center for Childhood Cancer, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sandra J Strauss
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Gorlick
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. .,Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
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