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Zhang L, Wang X, Jiang C, Sohail T, Sun Y, Sun X, Wang J, Li Y. Effects of Different Diluents and Freezing Methods on Cryopreservation of Hu Ram Semen. Vet Sci 2024; 11:251. [PMID: 38921998 PMCID: PMC11209232 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11060251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different diluents and freezing methods on the quality of thawed sperm after cryopreservation and find an inexpensive and practical method for freezing Hu ram semen for use in inseminations under farm conditions. Ejaculates were collected from five Hu rams. In experiment I, ejaculates were diluted with eight different freezing diluents (basic diluents A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H). After dilution and cooling, the samples were loaded into 0.25 mL straws and frozen using the liquid nitrogen fumigation method. In experiment II, diluent C was used as the basic diluent and the semen was frozen using liquid nitrogen fumigation and two program-controlled cooling methods. For analysis, frozen samples were evaluated in terms of motility parameters (total motility (TM), progressive motility (PM)), biokinetic characteristics (straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), curvilinear velocity (VCL), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), wobble movement coefficient (WOB), average motion degree (MAD)), reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and membrane and acrosome integrity. In experiment I, diluent C had higher TM, PM, and acrosome and membrane integrity and lower ROS compared to other extenders (p < 0.05) except diluent A. Diluent C exhibited higher (p < 0.05) VCL, VAP, ALH, WOB, and MAD compared to diluents B, D, E, and F. In experiment II, TM and all biokinetic characteristics did not show significant differences (p > 0.05) amongst the three freezing methods. Liquid nitrogen fumigation resulted in higher (p < 0.05) PM, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, and lower ROS level compared to the program. In conclusion, the thawed semen diluted with diluent C had higher quality compared to other diluents. The liquid nitrogen fumigation demonstrated superior semen cryopreservation effects compared to the program-controlled cooling method using diluent C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yongjun Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics and Molecular Breeding of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (L.Z.); (X.W.); (C.J.); (T.S.); (Y.S.); (X.S.); (J.W.)
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2
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Cakir C, Kuspinar G, Ganiyev A, Aslan K, Kasapoglu I, Kilicarslan H, Ata B, Uncu G, Avcı B. Reliability of hypo-osmotic swelling test on fresh and frozen-thawed ejaculated or testicular immotile sperm: A sibling oocyte study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 293:132-141. [PMID: 38159442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The viability of sperm is a crucial factor for achieving a successful pregnancy in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) in fresh and frozen-thawed sperm samples of different origins (ejaculated/testicular). A retrospective analysis was conducted on the outcomes of 2167 oocytes subjected to ICSI using motile and immotile-HOST-positive sperm from 2011 to 2023. We evaluated embryonic development, as well as clinical, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes in four groups based on different sperm origins (ejaculated/testicular) and processing (fresh/frozen). When comparing the results of ICSI between motile and immotile-HOST-positive sperm within each group, it was observed that there were no significant differences in the outcomes for fresh samples. However, for frozen-thawed samples, fertilization rates and blastocyst development rates were significantly lower when ICSI was performed with immotile-HOST-positive sperm compared to motile sperm. Of note, clinical, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes were statistically similar across all groups. Our findings indicate that HOST is more reliable in fresh samples than in those subjected to the freeze-thaw process. Nonetheless, HOST is considered a safe method for selecting viable sperm in all subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cihan Cakir
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, ART Center, Department of Histology and Embryology, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Goktan Kuspinar
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, ART Center, Department of Histology and Embryology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Alim Ganiyev
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, ART Center, Department of Histology and Embryology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Kiper Aslan
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, ART Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Isil Kasapoglu
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, ART Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Hakan Kilicarslan
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Baris Ata
- Koc University School of Medicine, ART Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gurkan Uncu
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, ART Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Berrin Avcı
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, ART Center, Department of Histology and Embryology, Bursa, Turkey
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3
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Sucato A, Buttà M, Bosco L, Di Gregorio L, Perino A, Capra G. Human Papillomavirus and Male Infertility: What Do We Know? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17562. [PMID: 38139389 PMCID: PMC10744208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to understanding the causes of infertility, which is being recognized as a growing health problem affecting large numbers of couples worldwide. Male infertility is a contributing factor in approximately 30-40% of cases, and one of its etiological causes is sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Among sexually transmitted pathogens, human papillomavirus (HPV) can contribute in various ways to the failure of spontaneous and assisted reproduction, acting in the different phases of conception, especially in the early ones. In particular, HPV infection can affect sperm DNA integrity, sperm motility, count, viability, and morphology and can induce the production of anti-sperm antibodies (ASAs). In this narrative review, we aimed to provide an overview of existing research on the potential adverse effects of HPV infection on male reproductive health. Furthermore, we analyzed how limiting the spread of the infection, particularly with gender-neutral vaccination, could be a possible therapeutic tool to counteract male and female fertility problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Sucato
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (ProMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Michela Buttà
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (ProMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Liana Bosco
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D), University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | | | - Antonio Perino
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Villa Sofia Cervello Hospital, University of Palermo, 90146 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Capra
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (ProMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.)
- UOC of Microbiology and Virology, Polyclinic Hospital, Via del Vespro 133, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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4
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Vasilescu SA, Ding L, Parast FY, Nosrati R, Warkiani ME. Sperm quality metrics were improved by a biomimetic microfluidic selection platform compared to swim-up methods. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:37. [PMID: 37007605 PMCID: PMC10050147 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00501-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sperm selection is an essential component of all assisted reproductive treatments (ARTs) and is by far the most neglected step in the ART workflow in regard to technological innovation. Conventional sperm selection methodologies typically produce a higher total number of sperm with variable motilities, morphologies, and levels of DNA integrity. Gold-standard techniques, including density gradient centrifugation (DGC) and swim-up (SU), have been shown to induce DNA fragmentation through introducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) during centrifugation. Here, we demonstrate a 3D printed, biologically inspired microfluidic sperm selection device (MSSP) that utilizes multiple methods to simulate a sperms journey toward selection. Sperm are first selected based on their motility and boundary-following behavior and then on their expression of apoptotic markers, yielding over 68% more motile sperm than that of previously reported methods with a lower incidence of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. Sperm from the MSSP also demonstrated higher motile sperm recovery after cryopreservation than that of SU or neat semen. Experiments were conducted side-by-side against conventional SU methods using human semen (n = 33) and showed over an 85% improvement in DNA integrity with an average 90% reduction in sperm apoptosis. These results that the platform is easy-to-use for sperm selection and mimics the biological function of the female reproductive tract during conception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lin Ding
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007 Australia
| | - Farin Yazdan Parast
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Reza Nosrati
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007 Australia
- Institute for Biomedical Materials & Devices (IBMD), Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007 Australia
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5
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Ribas-Maynou J, Novo S, Torres M, Salas-Huetos A, Rovira S, Antich M, Yeste M. Sperm DNA integrity does play a crucial role for embryo development after ICSI, notably when good-quality oocytes from young donors are used. Biol Res 2022; 55:41. [PMID: 36572948 PMCID: PMC9791757 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-022-00409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the inconsistent literature published thus far involving infertile patients, whether intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) allows overcoming total fertilization failure due to sperm DNA fragmentation is still unclear. Related to this, female factors, which may have a significant impact on assisted reproduction outcomes, can mask male infertility. In this scenario, evaluating ICSI outcomes following cycles using healthy donor gametes could shed light on this realm, as it would avoid the influence of (un)known confounding factors present in infertile individuals. The present work, therefore, aimed to address whether single- and double-stranded sperm DNA fragmentation leads to impaired ICSI outcomes in double gamete donation cycles. The study also compared these double-gamete donation cycles to cycles in which only sperm were donated and oocytes were obtained from infertile patients. Two cohorts were included: (a) the Donor-Donor (DD) cohort, which included 27 semen donor samples used in 49 ICSI cycles with young healthy oocyte donors; and (b) the Donor-Infertile (DI) cohort, which involved 34 semen donor samples used in 57 ICSI cycles with oocytes from patients. Single- and double-stranded sperm DNA breaks were determined with alkaline and neutral Comet assays, respectively; ICSI was conducted following standard protocols and embryos were monitored through time-lapse microscopy. In the DD cohort, the percentage of sperm with high overall DNA damage correlated with fertilization rates (Rs = - 0.666; P < 0.001) and with the percentage of blastocysts per injected oocyte (Rs = - 0.414; P = 0.040). In addition, sperm DNA damage delayed the first embryo division (Rs = 0.421; P = 0.036), and development from the 8-cell to the morula stage (Rs = 0.424; P = 0.034). In contrast, double-stranded DNA breaks had no effect in this cohort. As far as the DI cohort is concerned, while overall sperm DNA damage was not found to be correlated to fertilization or blastocyst rates, pronuclei formation following ICSI was delayed when the incidence of double-stranded DNA breaks was high (Rs = 0.485; P = 0.005). In conclusion, this study, which is the first involving double donation cycles (i.e., a donor-donor cohort), supports that sperm DNA damage has a detrimental impact on fertilization rates after ICSI, and delays embryo development. Moreover, the use of oocytes from infertile individuals is suggested to hide the male-factor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ribas-Maynou
- grid.5319.e0000 0001 2179 7512Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, ES-17003 Girona, Spain ,grid.5319.e0000 0001 2179 7512Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Sergi Novo
- Fertilab – Institut Catala de Fertilitat SL, Barcelona, Spain ,Fertibank, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Torres
- grid.5319.e0000 0001 2179 7512Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, ES-17003 Girona, Spain ,grid.5319.e0000 0001 2179 7512Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Albert Salas-Huetos
- grid.5319.e0000 0001 2179 7512Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, ES-17003 Girona, Spain ,grid.5319.e0000 0001 2179 7512Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sergi Rovira
- Fertilab – Institut Catala de Fertilitat SL, Barcelona, Spain ,Fertibank, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Antich
- Fertilab – Institut Catala de Fertilitat SL, Barcelona, Spain ,Fertibank, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Yeste
- grid.5319.e0000 0001 2179 7512Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, C/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, ES-17003 Girona, Spain ,grid.5319.e0000 0001 2179 7512Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain ,grid.425902.80000 0000 9601 989XCatalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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Akang EN, Dosumu OO, Ogbenna A, Akpan UU, Ezeukwu JC, Odofin M, Oremosu AA, Akanmu AS. The impact of dolutegravir-based combination antiretroviral therapy on the spermatozoa and fertility parameters of men living with human immunodeficiency virus. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14621. [PMID: 36261884 PMCID: PMC9722517 DOI: 10.1111/and.14621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The factors responsible for this reported fertility decline among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive men is yet to be determined. This study is aimed at investigating the impact of HIV or combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) on sperm cells, reproductive hormones, oxidative stress markers, apoptosis, and sperm DNA fragmentation of men living with HIV. Twenty-one men living with HIV gave their written informed consent to participate in this study. Only 11 of the participants successfully donated blood and semen before and after 3 months of their treatment with cART. Semen, reproductive hormones, oxidative stress biomarkers, and DNA fragmentation were analysed. Data were subjected to Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test (ethical approval: CMUL/HREC/09/19/614). There was a significant decrease in viral load of HIV (p < 0.01), and a marked increase in progressive and total sperm motility. Total sperm count, morphology, and vitality had no significant change after 3 months of treatment with cART however, there was a significant increase (p < 0.05) in testosterone from 2.48 to 3.68 ng/ml, but luteinizing hormone decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 9.6 to 6.5 mIU/ml. In addition, sperm DNA fragmentation increased significantly (p < 0.01). Conversely, viral load, and catalase decreased significantly, but no significant difference in malondialdehyde. This study showed that HIV depleted testosterone and impaired sperm motility which may negatively affect the fertility potential of men living with HIV. It also showed that adherence to cART (a combination of tenofovir, lamivudine, and dolutegravir) reduces the viral load and reverses the deleterious effects of cART albeit, cART appears to be toxic at subcellular spermatogenic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- EN Akang
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - OO Dosumu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - A Ogbenna
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - UU Akpan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun state, Nigeria
| | - JC Ezeukwu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - M Odofin
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Clinic, Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria
| | - AA Oremosu
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - AS Akanmu
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
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Takalani NB, Adefolaju GA, Henkel RR, Opuwari CS. In vitro effects of aqueous extract of unfermented rooibos on human spermatozoa. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14452. [PMID: 35545422 PMCID: PMC9541412 DOI: 10.1111/and.14452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability to conceive is a baleful experience for thousands of couples worldwide. Among different well-known reproductive techniques, medicinal plants have been utilized to treat male infertility. Medicinal plants, provide a therapeutic alternative, which is available and affordable for infertile couples. We investigated the direct effect of unfermented rooibos aqueous extract on human spermatozoa. Semen samples (n = 50) collected from donors and patients consulting for fertility were reassigned as normal (n = 22) and abnormal (n = 28) samples based on the outcome of the baseline semen analysis, using the World Health Organization (WHO) cut off value. Semen samples were allowed to liquefy and subsequently washed with human tubular fluid in bovine serum albumin medium. The samples were then treated with aqueous extracts of unfermented rooibos (0, 0.15, 1.5, 15, 150 μg/ml) at 37°C for 1 h and assessed thereafter. Sperm motility, vitality, DNA fragmentation, intracellular reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial membrane potential in both groups remained unchanged (p > 0.05). However, aqueous extract of unfermented rooibos (only at 1.5 μg/ml) significantly increased capacitation and acrosome reaction in the abnormal sample group (p > 0.05). Unfermented rooibos aqueous extract had no deleterious impact on human spermatozoa's function and might be attributed to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndivhuho Beauty Takalani
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of the Western CapeCape TownSouth Africa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of LimpopoSovengaSouth Africa
| | | | - Ralf R. Henkel
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of the Western CapeCape TownSouth Africa
- American Centre for Reproductive MedicineCleveland, ClinicClevelandOhioUSA
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and ReproductionImperial College LondonLondonUK
- LogixX PharmaThealeBerkshireUK
| | - Chinyerum Sylvia Opuwari
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of the Western CapeCape TownSouth Africa
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Can sperm quality influence embryo development and its ploidy? Analysis of 811 blastocysts obtained from different sperm sources. ZYGOTE 2022; 30:648-655. [PMID: 35677962 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199422000119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to evaluate the correlation between sperm quality and ploidy status of the derived blastocysts. We performed a retrospective analysis on a restricted pool of patients enrolling only those who had no female factors. Male patients with genetic factors affecting spermatogenesis were also excluded. We chose a maternal age ≤38 years to decrease the female factor, therefore the male factor was the main component of sterility. We divided the patients in four groups based on semen quality and comparing fertilization, pregnancy and euploidy rates above all. In total, 201 intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles were enrolled in the study. Cycles were divided into four groups, according to semen source: normal semen, oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT), cryptospermia or non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). An extremely statistically lower fertilization rate was found in NOA patients. Unexpectedly, no differences were detected in blastocyst formation, euploidy, aneuploidy and mosaicism rates among the four groups. Interestingly, we also found a higher abortion rate comparing NOA to normal semen with an odds ratio of 4.67. In our study no statistically significant differences among the analyzed groups were found, showing little or no effect at all using spermatozoa from different semen sources or quality. This may be linked to the oocyte competence of fixing sperm DNA damage and it could be hypothesized that only sperm with a good rate of DNA integrity are able to fertilize the oocyte, explaining why poor quality semen is reflected in a low fertilization rate without effect on ploidy.
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9
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Watanabe S. DNA damage in human sperm: The sperm chromosome assay. Reprod Med Biol 2022; 21:e12461. [PMID: 35475148 PMCID: PMC9020466 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sperm DNA damage is a major cause of pre‐ and post‐implantation embryonic loss in humans. However, the factors that control how and when such DNA damage occurs in human sperm are poorly understood. Methods Here, I review information relating to sperm DNA damage that can be obtained from the sperm chromosome assays described in the existing literature. Main findings The sperm chromosome assays, which consist of interspecific in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection using murine oocytes and subsequent chromosome analysis, indicate that the proportion of sperm showing DNA damage is initially low and there are larger numbers of sperm with potential membrane and DNA damage that are induced after ejaculation and separation from the seminal plasma. Other assays that directly detect sperm DNA (e.g., TUNEL assays, Comet assays, and acridine orange test) are not able to distinguish and detect the initial and potential DNA damage. Furthermore, the positive values in these direct assays are influenced by the frequency of immotile sperm and amorphous sperm populations. Conclusion The findings in the sperm chromosome assays show that further improvements in sperm preparation protocols may result in the reduction of sperm DNA damage, followed by more successful outcomes in infertility treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiji Watanabe
- Department of Anatomical Science Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine Hirosaki Japan
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10
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Sutaria T, Chorya J, Chaudhari R, Chaudhari C. Impact of gamete health on fertilization and embryo development: An overview. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.356838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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11
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Miller CM, Duong S, Weaver AL, Zhao Y, Shenoy CC. Outcomes of Frozen Oocyte Donor In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Cycles Using Fresh Versus Frozen Sperm. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:1226-1231. [PMID: 34816374 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00796-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The ability to use frozen sperm for insemination during in vitro fertilization (IVF) is crucial for patients and for reproductive endocrinologists. However, concerns exist regarding the effects of cryopreservation on sperm quality and IVF outcomes. This study compares outcomes of frozen donor oocyte IVF cycles with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) of good quality fresh versus frozen ejaculated sperm. Patients who underwent their first frozen donor oocyte IVF cycle between 2013 and 2019 at Mayo Clinic were identified. The primary outcome was live birth rate (LBR). Secondary outcomes included fertilization rate (FR), blastocyst development rate (BR), and clinical pregnancy rate (CPR). Twenty-six patients used fresh sperm and 19 patients utilized frozen sperm; there were no significant demographic differences between the groups. There were no significant differences noted in CPR, FR, and BR. Although the LBR was not statistically different when frozen versus fresh sperm was utilized (52.6% vs. 61.5%, p = 0.55), there was a distinct trend towards improved outcomes with fresh sperm that may be clinically significant. This data suggests that frozen sperm may be an alternative to a fresh sample, however fresh sperm may ultimately be a better option. This finding should be further explored with studies utilizing a larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Miller
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55901, USA
| | - Stephanie Duong
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amy L Weaver
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yulian Zhao
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55901, USA
| | - Chandra C Shenoy
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55901, USA.
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Rahi A, Kazemi M, Pishbin E, Karimi S, Nazarian H. Cross flow coupled with inertial focusing for separation of human sperm cells from semen and simulated TESE samples. Analyst 2021; 146:7230-7239. [PMID: 34724697 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01525g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A triplet spiral channel coupled with cross-flow filtration has been designed and fabricated in an effort to separate sperm cells from either semen or simulated testicular sperm extraction (TESE) samples. This device separates a fraction of cells from the sample by taking advantage of inertial focusing combined with hydrodynamic filtration in multiple micro-slits. Compared to the conventional swim-up technique, the proposed microfluidic device is capable of efficiently separating sperm cells without any tedious semen sample processing and centrifugation steps with a lower level of reactive oxygen species and DNA fragmentation. The device processing capability on the simulated TESE samples confirmed its proficiency in retrieving sperm cells from the samples with an approximate yield of 76%. Conclusively, the introduced microfluidic device can pave the path to proficiently separate sperm cells in assisted reproductive treatment cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amid Rahi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Kazemi
- IVF Center, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmail Pishbin
- Bio-microfluidics lab, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sareh Karimi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Nazarian
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Amirzadegan M, Sadeghi N, Tavalaee M, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Analysis of leukocyte and sperm telomere length in oligozoospermic men. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14204. [PMID: 34369610 DOI: 10.1111/and.14204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length is considered one of the most relevant biological markers of genomic stability since it protects DNA from impairment and also ensures chromosome alignment during DNA replication. The negative impact of telomere shortening on sperm quality has been suggested as an important indicator of male infertility. Therefore, we aimed to assess leucocyte and sperm telomere length (LTL&STL), as well as sperm parameters, DNA damage and protamine deficiency in men with oligozoospermia as compared to fertile men. Our results demonstrated a significant reduction in sperm parameters (concentration, motility, morphology), LTL & STL and a significant increase in sperm DNA damage and protamine deficiency in oligozoospermic men compared with fertile individuals. These outcomes revealed that low sperm concentration in men is possibly a sign of impaired meiotic and/or meiotic division during the spermatogenesis process. It is not only associated with proper chromatin packaging but also with telomere length as a key player in the process of mitosis and meiosis, assisting in chromosomal alignment, pairing, synapsis and crossing over during spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Amirzadegan
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Niloofar Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.,Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran
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14
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Habibi M, Sadeghi N, Tavalaee M, Shahverdi A, Ghorban Z, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Sperm chromatin integrity in a man with macrocephaly syndrome. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14100. [PMID: 33961714 DOI: 10.1111/and.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reports chromatin status and ICSI outcomes in a case of sperm macrocephaly syndrome(SMS), showing 100% of spermatozoa with abnormal morphology. Percentages of sperm DNA fragmentation for TUNEL (31.7% versus 6.5%), SCSA (33% versus 25%) assays, chromatin maturity tests, CMA3 (58% versus 29%) and aniline blue (63% versus 35%) staining were higher in case sample compared to the fertile sample. Artificial oocyte activation resulted in a similar fertilisation rate between case and control samples (71% versus 66.7%), but the case showed delayed embryo development on day 3 post-insemination. Unlike fertile case, no embryos reached the blastocyst stage. The result of this case study shows that macrocephaly is associated with reduced chromatin maturity and DNA integrity. Although both cases showed a similar chance for fertilisation through artificial chemical activation for only macrocephalic man, the developmental competency is jeopardised in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Habibi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Shahverdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghorban
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.,Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran
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15
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Sperm selection during ICSI treatments reduces single- but not double-strand DNA break values compared to the semen sample. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:1187-1196. [PMID: 33660206 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02129-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To detect a possible bias in sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) testing when performed on semen samples or on those few spermatozoa selected for Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) treatments. METHODS A multimethodological analysis of Single- and Double-Strand DNA Breaks (SSB and DSB, respectively) was performed through the Neutral Comet, the Alkaline Comet, the Sperm Chromatin Dispersion (SCD) and the Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP Nick End Labelling (TUNEL) assays. SDF was evaluated in (i) semen samples from 23 infertile patients (not achieving pregnancy or suffering recurrent miscarriage); (ii) samples after a Swim-up and (iii) spermatozoa microselected for ICSI (ICSI-S). RESULTS The analysis of 3217 ICSI-S revealed a significant reduction of SSB values compared to the Ejaculate and the Swim-up samples. On the contrary, DSB values were not reduced after any sperm selection method. The No-pregnancy group presented poorer semen parameters and higher SSB values. The Recurrent miscarriage group presented better semen parameters but also higher DSB values. CONCLUSION The analysis of SDF on semen samples may not be fully representative of those few spermatozoa selected for ICSI. Since oxidative stress impairs sperm motility and causes SSB, selecting a motile sperm may intrinsically imply choosing a sperm not affected by this damage. DSB have an enzymatic origin which does not affect motility, making it difficult to select a sperm without this damage. Therefore, ICSI treatments could be effective in patients presenting high SSB values. Patients presenting high DSB values should expect bad ICSI results if this damage is not reduced through other specific methods.
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16
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Ribas-Maynou J, Yeste M, Becerra-Tomás N, Aston KI, James ER, Salas-Huetos A. Clinical implications of sperm DNA damage in IVF and ICSI: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:1284-1300. [PMID: 33644978 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The clinical effect of sperm DNA damage in assisted reproduction has been a controversial topic during recent decades, leading to a variety of clinical practice recommendations. While the latest European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) position report concluded that DNA damage negatively affects assisted reproduction outcomes, the Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) does not recommend the routine testing of DNA damage for in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Herein, our aim was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating whether sperm DNA damage affects clinical outcomes in IVF and ICSI, in order to contribute objectively to a consistent clinical recommendation. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines from the earliest available online indexing year until March 2020, using the MEDLINE-PubMed and EMBASE databases. We included studies analysing IVF and/or ICSI treatments performed in infertile couples in which sperm DNA damage was well defined and assessed. Studies also had to include information about pregnancy, implantation or live birth rates as primary outcomes. The NHLBI-NIH quality assessment tool was used to assess the quality of each study. Meta-analyses were conducted using the Mantel-Haenszel method with random-effects models to evaluate the Risk Ratio (RR) between high-DNA-damage and control groups, taking into account the 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using the I2 statistic. We also conducted sensitivity analyses and post-hoc subgroup analyses according to different DNA fragmentation assessment techniques. We identified 78 articles that met our inclusion and quality criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis, representing a total of 25639 IVF/ICSI cycles. Of these, 32 articles had sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis, comprising 12380 IVF/ICSI cycles. Meta-analysis revealed that, considering IVF and ICSI results together, implantation rate (RR = 0.74; 95% CI = 0.61-0.91; I2 = 69) and pregnancy rate (RR = 0.83; 0.73-0.94; I2 = 58) are negatively influenced by sperm DNA damage, although after adjustment for publication bias the relationship for pregnancy rate was no longer significant. The results showed a non-significant but detrimental tendency (RR = 0.78; 0.58-1.06; I2 = 72) on live birth rate. Meta-analysis also showed that IVF outcomes are negatively influenced by sperm DNA damage, with a statistically significant impact on implantation (RR = 0.68; 0.52-0.89; I2 = 50) and pregnancy rates (RR = 0.72; 0.55-0.95; I2 = 72), although the latter was no longer significant after correction for publication bias. While it did not quite meet our threshold for significance, a negative trend was also observed for live birth rate (RR = 0.48; 0.22-1.02; I2 = 79). In the case of ICSI, non-significant trends were observed for implantation (RR = 0.79; 0.60-1.04; I2 = 72) or pregnancy rates (RR = 0.89; 0.78-1.02; I2 = 44), and live birth rate (RR = 0.92; 0.67-1.27; I2 = 70). The current review provides the largest evidence to date supporting a negative association between sperm DNA damage and conventional IVF treatments, significantly reducing implantation and pregnancy rates. The routine use of sperm DNA testing is therefore justified, since it may help improve the outcomes of IVF treatments and/or allow a given couple to be advised on the most suitable treatment. Further well-designed controlled studies on a larger number of patients are required to allow us to reach more precise conclusions, especially in the case of ICSI treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ribas-Maynou
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Jaume Casadamont Building, Door E, 15 Pic de Peguera St, Girona, ES-17003, Spain.,Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Sciences Building, 69 Maria Aurèlia Capmany, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
| | - Marc Yeste
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Jaume Casadamont Building, Door E, 15 Pic de Peguera St, Girona, ES-17003, Spain.,Unit of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Girona, Sciences Building, 69 Maria Aurèlia Capmany, Girona, ES-17003, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, St/Sant Llorenç, 21, Reus, ES-43201, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, ES-46010, Spain
| | - Kenneth I Aston
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 675 Arapeen Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, US-84108, U.S.A
| | - Emma R James
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 675 Arapeen Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, US-84108, U.S.A.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 N 2030 E, Salt Lake City, UT, US-84112, U.S.A
| | - Albert Salas-Huetos
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 675 Arapeen Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, US-84108, U.S.A
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17
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Luther I, Maree L, Kotze A, Hildebrandt T, Göritz F, Hermes R, van der Horst G. Sperm motility, kinematics, morphometry and morphology over two seasons in free-ranging African elephants (Loxodonta africana). Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:425-438. [PMID: 31972123 DOI: 10.1071/rd19182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to address the lack of information on quantitative semen and sperm characteristics of free-ranging African elephants. Nineteen ejaculates were collected from 12 elephant bulls by means of electroejaculation in spring (Season 1, end of dry season, n=7) and in autumn (Season 2, end of rainy season, n=12). While most elephant cows are in oestrus in the rainy season, it is not evident whether sperm quality also improves during this period. Semen samples were assessed using computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA), brightfield microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Seasonal differences and individual variation in sperm quality of bulls were apparent, with ejaculates collected during Season 2 revealing higher percentages for total motility, progressive motility, rapid-swimming spermatozoa and kinematic parameters compared with Season 1 (P<0.05). Although normal sperm morphology percentage was similar over the two seasons, more sperm tail defects were found in Season 2 (P<0.05). The baseline reference data and multivariate sperm parameter associations reported in this study can be used to predict elephant bull sperm quality and potential to fertilise. It is clear that CASA can detect subtle differences in sperm quality of African elephant ejaculates and should be the approach for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse Luther
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; and National Zoological Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute, PO Box 754, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; and GEOsperm, Wildlife Reproduction and Biotechnology, PO Box 3300, Brits, 0250, South Africa
| | - Liana Maree
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; and National Zoological Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute, PO Box 754, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Antoinette Kotze
- National Zoological Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute, PO Box 754, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; and Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Thomas Hildebrandt
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Göritz
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Hermes
- Department of Reproduction Management, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerhard van der Horst
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, 7535, South Africa; and National Zoological Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute, PO Box 754, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; and Corresponding author.
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18
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Collapsed mitochondrial cristae in goat spermatozoa due to mercury result in lethality and compromised motility along with altered kinematic patterns. Sci Rep 2021; 11:646. [PMID: 33436823 PMCID: PMC7804962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80235-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Earlier we have reported mercury-induced alterations in functional dynamics of buck spermatozoa through free radicals-mediated oxidative stress and spontaneous acrosome reaction. Based on our earlier findings, we aimed to investigate the effect of mercury exposure on motility, kinematic patterns, DNA damage, apoptosis and ultra-structural alterations in goat spermatozoa following in vitro exposure to different concentrations (0.031-1.25 µg/ml) of mercuric chloride for 15 min and 3 h. Following exposure of sperm cells to 0.031 µg/ml of mercuric chloride for 3 h, livability and motility of sperms was significantly reduced along with altered kinematic patterns, significant increase in per cent necrotic sperm cells and number of cells showing DNA damage; and this effect was dose- and time-dependent. Contrary to up-regulation of Bax gene after 3 h in control group, there was significant increase in expression of Bcl-2 in mercury-treated groups. Transmission electron microscopy studies revealed rifts and nicks in plasma and acrosomal membrane, mitochondrial sheath, and collapsed mitochondria with loss of helical organization of mitochondria in the middle piece of spermatozoa. Our findings evidently suggest that mercury induces necrosis instead of apoptosis and targets the membrane, acrosome, mid piece of sperms; and the damage to mitochondria seems to be responsible for alterations in functional and kinematic attributes of spermatozoa.
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19
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Kushawaha B, Yadav RS, Swain DK, Rai PK, Garg SK. Mercury-Induced Inhibition of Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Sperm Proteins and Altered Functional Dynamics of Buck Spermatozoa: an In Vitro Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:478-492. [PMID: 32064576 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Present study was undertaken on buck spermatozoa to investigate the effect of mercuric chloride on functional dynamics of buck spermatozoa. Four different concentrations (0.031, 0.125, 0.25 and 1.25 μg/mL) of mercuric chloride, which were 1/40th, 1/10th, 1/5th and equivalent to the LC50 value of HgCl2, were selected for studying their effect following in vitro exposure for 15 min and 3 h. Exposure of spermatozoa to 0.031 μg/mL mercuric chloride for 3 h resulted in significant (p < 0.05) decrease in sperm motility, sperm having intact membrane, intact acrosome and high mitochondrial trans-membrane potential. However, following exposure to higher concentrations (0.25, 1.25 μg/mL), similar results were observed even after 15 min of exposure. HgCl2 significantly (p < 0.05) increased the levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species and significantly (p < 0.05) decreased total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity in spermatozoa within 15 min of exposure. Mercuric chloride-treated spermatozoa did not show capacitation, rather exhibited spontaneous acrosome reaction along with significant increase in intracellular Ca2+ and cAMP levels. Immuno-blotting of semen samples of control and 0.031 μg/mL mercury-treated groups showed low intensity bands of p55, p70, p80, p105 and p190 kDa tyrosine phosphorylation proteins while higher concentration-treated groups showed no such bands. Our findings evidently suggest that mercuric chloride even at 0.031 μg/mL adversely affected sperm functions, inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation proteins and capacitation due to oxidative stress. Spontaneous acrosome reaction (AR) in mercury-treated spermatozoa may possibly be due to increase in intracellular Ca2+ and cAMP levels, and capacitation failure may be due to inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Kushawaha
- College of Biotechnology, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhayaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281001, India.
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhayaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281001, India.
| | - Rajkumar Singh Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhayaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281001, India
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhayaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281001, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Swain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhayaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281001, India
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhayaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281001, India
| | | | - Satish Kumar Garg
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhayaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281001, India
- College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pandit Deendayal Upadhayaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281001, India
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20
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Male Factors: the Role of Sperm in Preimplantation Embryo Quality. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:1788-1811. [DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Li X, Ni M, Xing S, Yu Y, Zhou Y, Yang S, Li H, Zhu R, Han M. Reactive Oxygen Species Secreted by Leukocytes in Semen Induce Self-Expression of Interleukin-6 and Affect Sperm Quality. Am J Mens Health 2020; 14:1557988320970053. [PMID: 33131385 PMCID: PMC7607761 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320970053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive tract inflammation is considered an important cause of male infertility. Increased leukocytes in semen can produce many reactive oxygen species (ROS), which affect sperm function. The aim of this study is to identify the main source of ROS in seminal plasma and to assess the effect of ROS on leukocytes. Semen samples (n = 20) with leukocyte concentration >1 × 106 were collected from a male infertility clinic. This study mainly compares the sperm function parameters of the normal group and the semen white blood cell group >1 × 106. The results identified that ROS in semen was closely related to sperm function parameters, and CD45+ leucocytes were the main source of ROS. Compared with the control group, the concentration of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α was higher in the experimental group. Leukocytes in semen may regulate the secretion of ROS through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. A considerable amount of ROS can upregulate the expression of IL-6 in leukocytes via the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Li
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China.,Biomedical Research Institute, Soochow University, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengxia Ni
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyu Xing
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shenmin Yang
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Li
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mutian Han
- Department of Immunology, Anhui Medical University, HeFei, China.,Center for Reproduction and Genetics, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, SuZhou, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Agarwal A, Majzoub A, Baskaran S, Panner Selvam MK, Cho CL, Henkel R, Finelli R, Leisegang K, Sengupta P, Barbarosie C, Parekh N, Alves MG, Ko E, Arafa M, Tadros N, Ramasamy R, Kavoussi P, Ambar R, Kuchakulla M, Robert KA, Iovine C, Durairajanayagam D, Jindal S, Shah R. Sperm DNA Fragmentation: A New Guideline for Clinicians. World J Mens Health 2020; 38:412-471. [PMID: 32777871 PMCID: PMC7502318 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA integrity is crucial for fertilization and development of healthy offspring. The spermatozoon undergoes extensive molecular remodeling of its nucleus during later phases of spermatogenesis, which imparts compaction and protects the genetic content. Testicular (defective maturation and abortive apoptosis) and post-testicular (oxidative stress) mechanisms are implicated in the etiology of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), which affects both natural and assisted reproduction. Several clinical and environmental factors are known to negatively impact sperm DNA integrity. An increasing number of reports emphasizes the direct relationship between sperm DNA damage and male infertility. Currently, several assays are available to assess sperm DNA damage, however, routine assessment of SDF in clinical practice is not recommended by professional organizations. This article provides an overview of SDF types, origin and comparative analysis of various SDF assays while primarily focusing on the clinical indications of SDF testing. Importantly, we report four clinical cases where SDF testing had played a significant role in improving fertility outcome. In light of these clinical case reports and recent scientific evidence, this review provides expert recommendations on SDF testing and examines the advantages and drawbacks of the clinical utility of SDF testing using Strength-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Chak Lam Cho
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Hong Kong
- S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Catalina Barbarosie
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology & Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Andrology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nicholas Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | | | - Parviz Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rafael Ambar
- Urology Department of Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Sunil Jindal
- Department of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Jindal Hospital, Meerut, India
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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Robert KA, Sharma R, Henkel R, Agarwal A. An update on the techniques used to measure oxidative stress in seminal plasma. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13726. [PMID: 32814366 DOI: 10.1111/and.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in significant amounts by spermatozoa and leucocytes. They are necessary to carry out various physiological functions such as sperm capacitation, hyperactivation, acrosome reaction, sperm-zona binding and cellular signalling pathways. Oxidative stress (OS) results when the ROS levels overwhelm the available antioxidant reserve. A number of direct and indirect tests have been developed to assess oxidative stress. In this manuscript, we discuss these common direct and indirect tests as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Tests measuring sperm dysfunction secondary to oxidative stress such as lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and protein alterations are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathy A Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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24
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Barbăroșie C, Agarwal A, Henkel R. Diagnostic value of advanced semen analysis in evaluation of male infertility. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13625. [PMID: 32458468 DOI: 10.1111/and.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional semen analysis is the standard of care to initially evaluate the fertility status of a male patient. However, it has some limitations and among these are failure to correctly identify the aetiology underlying fertility problems, intra- and inter-observer variability and incomplete information about sperm function. Considering these drawbacks, advanced semen tests have been developed to assess male infertility, including sperm function tests, oxidative stress (OS) and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) tests. This review illustrates the commonly utilised sperm function techniques, along with the assays used to assess SDF and OS and their diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cătălina Barbăroșie
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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25
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Gao J, Duan YG, Yi X, Yeung WSB, Ng EHY. A randomised trial comparing conventional semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation levels and satisfaction levels between semen collection at home and at the clinic. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13628. [PMID: 32458506 DOI: 10.1111/and.13628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the randomised trial was to compare conventional semen parameters, sperm DNA fragmentation levels and satisfaction levels between semen samples collected at home and at the clinic. We recruited 110 men with a history of infertility for at least 1 year from the outpatient andrology clinic. Each man collected two semen samples, one at home and one at the clinic. Men were randomly assigned into the home first (n = 55) or clinic first (n = 55) groups. The primary outcome was sperm concentration. There was no significant difference in sperm concentration, sperm DNA fragmentation levels or other conventional semen parameters between home first and clinic first samples (p > .05), while satisfaction levels were significantly higher for home first samples (p < .01). Consistent results were obtained when comparing home-collected and clinic-collected samples within individuals. Men can be offered the option to collect semen samples at home for examination or assisted reproduction without compromising semen quality, especially for those with difficulty in producing semen samples at the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Gang Duan
- Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiang Yi
- Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - William S B Yeung
- Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ernest H Y Ng
- Center of Assisted Reproduction and Embryology, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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26
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Sachdeva K, Upadhyay D, Neri JG, Varghese MM, Singh K, Albuz FK, Aujero MV, Solkar S, Stevikova M, Peramo B. Semen Quality is Associated with Sperm Aneuploidy and DNA Fragmentation in the United Arab Emirates Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:195-203. [PMID: 32208936 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sperm chromosome aneuploidy and the extent of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) are contributing factors to male infertility. Their extent can be measured using platforms such as sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) and sperm fluorescence in situ hybridization (sFISH). Additional studies, however, are needed to understand the clinical applicability of these in vitro tests based on statistically validated thresholds. Aim: The primary objective of this study was to report the incidence of SDF and chromosomal aneuploidy with respect to sperm quality in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) population. In addition, we wished to establish clinically useful SDF and aneuploidy cutoff values. Materials and Methods: A total of 302 subjects were enrolled in this study. The control group consisted of n = 100 (33.11%) reproductively-proven fertile men, and the case group consisted of n = 202 (66.89%) infertile men. The sperm quality of the cases was further subclassified as normospermia ("Normo," n = 88; 43.56%); teratozoospermia ("T," n = 40; 19.80%); oligoasthenoteratozoospermia ("OAT," n = 37; 18.32%); asthenoteratozoospermia ("AT," n = 19; 9.41%); or oligoteratozoospermia ("OT," n = 18; 8.91%). The assessments of SDF were done using SCD tests. Chromosomal aneuploidy (Chr 13, 18, 21, X, and Y) was investigated using sFISH. Furthermore, based on the fragmentation index, cases were divided into subfertile groups defined as low, medium, high, and severe. The Mann-Whitney test was used to set the upper threshold value for sFISH, and the odds ratio was used for SDF assessment. Results: Cases having sperm quality "AT," "OAT," and "OT" together with the moderate, high, and severe subfertile groups had the highest DNA fragmentation indices: 31.58%, 27.03%, and 22.22%, respectively. In the sFISH analyses, groups with sperm quality "OAT," "T," and "OT" exhibited high degrees of abnormalities: 86.49%, 52.50%, and 50%, respectively. The most common chromosomal abnormalities found were "sex chromosome hyperploidy (XY18)" and "diploid (Chr 13, 21)." The incidences of sperm quality with respect to SDF and sFISH are also reported in detail. Conclusions: This is the first study in the UAE which shows SDF and sFISH incidences together with sperm quality. This study also establishes SDF and sFISH cutoff values for the UAE population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabir Sachdeva
- Genetics Laboratory, Al Ain Fertility Centre, Al Ain, United Arab of Emirates
| | - Divyesh Upadhyay
- Genetics Laboratory, Al Ain Fertility Centre, Al Ain, United Arab of Emirates
| | - Joan Genevieve Neri
- Genetics Laboratory, Al Ain Fertility Centre, Al Ain, United Arab of Emirates
| | | | - Kanhaiya Singh
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Firas Kamal Albuz
- Andrology Laboratory, Al Ain Fertility Centre, Al Ain, United Arab of Emirates
| | | | - Sadika Solkar
- IVF Laboratory, Al Ain Fertility Centre, Al Ain, United Arab of Emirates
| | - Martina Stevikova
- IVF Laboratory, Al Ain Fertility Centre, Al Ain, United Arab of Emirates
| | - Braulio Peramo
- IVF Laboratory, Al Ain Fertility Centre, Al Ain, United Arab of Emirates
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27
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DNA fragmentation index (DFI) as a measure of sperm quality and fertility in mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3833. [PMID: 32123279 PMCID: PMC7052244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60876-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although thousands of genetically modified mouse strains have been cryopreserved by sperm freezing, the likelihood of cryorecovery success cannot be accurately predicted using conventional sperm parameters. The objective of the present study was to assess the extent to which measurement of a sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) can predict sperm quality and fertility after cryopreservation. Using a modified TUNEL assay, we measured and correlated the DFI of frozen-thawed sperm from 83 unique mutant mouse strains with sperm count, motility and morphology. We observed a linear inverse correlation between sperm DFI and sperm morphology and motility. Further, sperm DFI was significantly higher from males with low sperm counts compared to males with normal sperm counts (P < 0.0001). Additionally, we found that viable embryos derived using sperm from males with high DFI (62.7 ± 7.2% for IVF and 73.3 ± 8.1% for ICSI) failed to litter after embryo transfer compared to embryos from males with low DFI (20.4 ± 7.9% for IVF and 28.1 ± 10.7 for ICSI). This study reveals that measurement of DFI provides a simple, informative and reliable measure of sperm quality and can accurately predict male mouse fertility.
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28
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Sun L, Fan W, Wu C, Zhang S, Dai J, Zhang D. Effect of substituting different concentrations of soybean lecithin and egg yolk in tris-based extender on goat semen cryopreservation. Cryobiology 2020; 92:146-150. [PMID: 31883445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different concentrations of soybean lecithin (SL; 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%) and egg yolk (EY) in Tris-based extenders on the semen quality parameters of post-thawed goat semen. Sixteen ejaculates were collected from eight healthy, mature Chongming White goats (3-5 years of age). Each ejaculate was divided into five equal aliquots, and then each pellet was diluted with one of the five Tris-based extenders containing 20% EY, 0.5% SL, 1% SL, 2% SL, or 3% SL. The cooled diluted semen was loaded into 0.5 mL polyvinyl French straws and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Frozen semen samples were thawed at 37 °C and assessed for sperm motility, viability, plasma acrosome integrity, membrane integrity, and mitochondria integrity, and the spermatozoa were assessed for reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The semen extended in the 2.0% SL extract tended to have a higher sperm viability (57.44%), motility (52.14%), membrane integrity (45.31%), acrosome integrity (52.96%), and mitochondrial activity (50.21%) than the other SL-based extender concentrations (P < 0.05). The 2.0% SL treatment group was equivalent to the semen extended in 20% EY (P > 0.05). The extenders supplemented 20% EY or 2.0% SL significantly increased the SOD activity and decreased the ROS and MDA activities compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the extenders supplemented with 20% EY and 2.0% SL had similar effects on spermatozoa preservation. These results indicate that a soybean lecithin-based diluent may be used as an alternative extender to egg yolk for the cryopreservation of goat semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwei Sun
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Wenhua Fan
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Caifeng Wu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Shushan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Jianjun Dai
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, 201106, China.
| | - Defu Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201106, China; Division of Animal Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Municipal Key Laboratory of Agri-genetics and Breeding, Shanghai, 201106, China.
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29
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Galotto C, Cambiasso MY, Julianelli VL, Valzacchi GJR, Rolando RN, Rodriguez ML, Calvo L, Calvo JC, Romanato M. Human sperm decondensation in vitro is related to cleavage rate and embryo quality in IVF. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:2345-2355. [PMID: 31696385 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01590-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether the ability of human spermatozoa to decondense in vitro in the presence of heparin (Hep) and glutathione (GSH) is related to assisted reproduction (ART) success. METHODS Cross-sectional pilot study involving male partners of 129 infertile couples undergoing ICSI with (45) or without (84) donor oocytes at two infertility clinics in CABA, Argentina, between October 2012 and December 2013. In vitro decondensation kinetics with Hep and GSH and DNA fragmentation (TUNEL) were determined on the same sample used for ICSI. The possible relationship of decondensation parameters (maximum decondensation and decondensation velocity) and TUNEL values with ART success was evaluated. RESULTS Embryo quality correlated positively with decondensation velocity (D60/D30) (Spearman's correlation, p < 0.05). According to D60/D30 values, patients were classified as slow decondensers (SlowD) (n = 68) or fast decondensers (FastD) (n = 61). Embryo quality was better in FastD (unpaired t test, p < 0.05). FastD and SlowD were subdivided according to use of donor oocytes. Among SlowD, biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates per transfer were significantly higher in donor (n = 19) vs. in non-donor (n = 31) cycles (Fisher's exact test, p < 0.05). TUNEL values were not related to embryo quality, but no clinical pregnancies or live births were achieved in TUNEL+ SlowD (n = 7). CONCLUSION Decondensation kinetics of human spermatozoa in vitro with Hep and GSH could be related to embryo quality and ART success.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Galotto
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Y Cambiasso
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - V L Julianelli
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Procrearte, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - G J Rey Valzacchi
- Procrearte, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Servicio de Urología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R N Rolando
- Laboratorio de Andrología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M L Rodriguez
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Calvo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J C Calvo
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, UBA, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Romanato
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, C1428ADN, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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30
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Bianconi S, Stutz G, Solís MR, Martini AC, Vincenti LM, Ponzio MF, Luque E, Avendaño C, Quiroga P, Santillán ME. Maternal and postnatal high-fat diets with high ω6 : ω3 ratios affect the reproductive performance of male offspring in the mouse. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 30:1491-1502. [PMID: 29791833 DOI: 10.1071/rd17552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs) are an acknowledged risk factor for male subfertility, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study we compared the effects of two HFDs with different ω6:ω3 ratios, one enriched with soy oil (SOD; ω6:ω3=9.62) and another enriched with sunflower oil (SFOD; ω6:ω3=51.55), with those of a commercial diet (CD; ω6:ω3=19.87), supplied from pregnancy to adulthood, on morphometric parameters and reproductive performance in adult male mice (recommended ω6:ω3 for rodents=1-6). Bodyweight was significantly higher in the SFOD than CD group, and relative testicular weight was significantly lower in the SFOD than the other two groups. SFOD altered sperm performance: it reduced sperm viability (mean±s.e.m.; 76.00±1.35% vs 82.50±1.45% and 80.63±1.00% in the SFOD vs CD and SOD groups respectively; P<0.05) and increased the percentage of immature spermatozoa (71.88±7.17% vs 51.38±5.87% and 48.00±5.72% in the SFOD vs CD and SOD groups respectively; P<0.05). The epididymal ω6:ω3 ratio was higher in the SFOD versus CD and SOD groups, whereas the unsaturation index was higher in the SOD and SFOD groups than in CD group. Sperm membrane integrity was diminished in both the SOD and SFOD groups, but there was no difference in sperm reactive oxygen species production in these two groups compared with the CD group. The fertilisation rate was lower in the SFOD compared with the CD and SOD groups. In conclusion, although both HFDs affected sperm quality, the fertilising ability was more altered by the excessive dietary ω6:ω3 ratio than by the net ω6 content.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bianconi
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - G Stutz
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M R Solís
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A C Martini
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L M Vincenti
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M F Ponzio
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - E Luque
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - C Avendaño
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
| | - P Quiroga
- Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Enrique Barros y Enfermera Gordillo s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M E Santillán
- Instituto y Cátedra de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU - Córdoba, Argentina
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31
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Plant-Derived Supplements for Sexual Health and Problems, Part 2: Further Evidence for Specific Herbal Effects. CURRENT SEXUAL HEALTH REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11930-019-00204-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Bichara C, Berby B, Rives A, Jumeau F, Letailleur M, Setif V, Sibert L, Rondanino C, Rives N. Sperm chromatin condensation defects, but neither DNA fragmentation nor aneuploidy, are an independent predictor of clinical pregnancy after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1387-1399. [PMID: 31289980 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01471-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of sperm DNA damage on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes remains controversial. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of several types of sperm nuclear damage on ICSI clinical pregnancy. METHODS Our retrospective study included a total of 132 couples who consulted for male or mixed-factor infertility that benefited from ICSI cycles from January 2006 to December 2015. All infertile males presented at least one conventional semen parameter alteration. Sperm nuclear damage was assessed using the Motile Sperm Organelle Morphological Examination for sperm head relative vacuolar area (RVA), aniline blue staining for chromatin condensation, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling for DNA fragmentation, and fluorescence in situ hybridization for aneuploidy. RESULTS Infertile males who achieved pregnancy after ICSI had fewer chromatin condensation defects than did males who did not achieve any pregnancy (15.8 ± 12.0% vs. 11.4 ± 7.9%, respectively, P = 0.0242), which remained significant in multivariate regression analysis (RR = 0.40 [0.18 to 0.86], P = 0.02). RVA, DNA fragmentation, and aneuploidy were not predictive factors of ICSI outcomes. The pregnancy rate was significantly decreased by number of progressive motile spermatozoa with normal morphology after migration (P = 0.04). In female partners, 17β estradiol of less than 2000 pg/mL on the day of ovulation induction significantly reduced the occurrence of clinical pregnancy (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Sperm chromatin condensation defects were more frequently observed in couples with ICSI failure and should be considered a negative predictive factor for the occurrence of clinical pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bichara
- Biology of Reproduction, CECOS Laboratory, Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, F 76000, Rouen, France
| | - B Berby
- Biology of Reproduction, CECOS Laboratory, Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, F 76000, Rouen, France
| | - A Rives
- Biology of Reproduction, CECOS Laboratory, Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, F 76000, Rouen, France
| | - F Jumeau
- Biology of Reproduction, CECOS Laboratory, Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, F 76000, Rouen, France
| | - M Letailleur
- ART Center, Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, F 76000, Rouen, France
| | - V Setif
- Biology of Reproduction, CECOS Laboratory, Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, F 76000, Rouen, France
| | - L Sibert
- Department of Urology-Andrology, Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, F 76000, Rouen, France
| | - C Rondanino
- Biology of Reproduction, CECOS Laboratory, Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, F 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Nathalie Rives
- Biology of Reproduction, CECOS Laboratory, Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, EA 4308 "Gametogenesis and Gamete Quality", Rouen University Hospital, F 76000, Rouen, France.
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33
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Siddhartha N, Reddy NS, Pandurangi M, Muthusamy T, Vembu R, Kasinathan K. The Effect of Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index on the Outcome of Intrauterine Insemination and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection. J Hum Reprod Sci 2019; 12:189-198. [PMID: 31576075 PMCID: PMC6764233 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_22_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Elevated sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) is found to affect normal embryonic development, implantation and fetal development after intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Estimation of DFI by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated fluorescent deoxy uridine nucleotide nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was found to have a high predictive value for pregnancy after fertility treatments. AIM This study aims to find the effect of increased sperm DNA fragmentation by TUNEL assay on reproductive outcome after IUI and ICSI. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE To find the association of DFI and pregnancy rate in IUI and ICSI. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES To find the association of DFI with fertilization and implantation in ICSI. To find the association of DFI with miscarriage rate. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A prospective observational study performed at a tertiary care university teaching hospital. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 105 male partners of infertile couple planned for IUI and ICSI underwent estimation of sperm-DFI by TUNEL assay. The treatment outcomes were compared between the DFI-positive (≥20%) and DFI-negative (<20%) groups. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 17, Software. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The men with abnormal semen analysis were significantly higher in the DFI-positive group (77.15% vs. 22.85%). There was no significant difference in the pregnancy rate in IUI cycles (17.6% vs. 11.8%); but in the ICSI, the pregnancy rate was significantly reduced in the DFI-positive group (16.7% vs. 47.4%). CONCLUSIONS Elevated DFI significantly affects the pregnancy rate in ICSI cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagireddy Siddhartha
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Monna Pandurangi
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Radha Vembu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanimozhi Kasinathan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, SRIHER, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Melatonin protects rabbit spermatozoa from cryo-damage via decreasing oxidative stress. Cryobiology 2019; 88:1-8. [PMID: 31034812 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian spermatozoa are highly susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether and how melatonin protects rabbit spermatozoa against ROS stress during cryopreservation. Semen was diluted with Tris-citrate-glucose extender in presence of different concentrations of melatonin. It was observed that addition of 0.1 mM melatonin significantly improved spermatozoa motility, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential as well as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Meanwhile, the lipid peroxidation (LPO), ROS levels and apoptosis of post-thaw spermatozoa were reduced in presence of melatonin. Interestingly, when fresh spermatozoa were incubated with 100 μM H2O2, addition of 0.1 mM melatonin significantly decreased the oxidative damage compared to the H2O2 treatment, whereas addition of luzindole, an MT1 receptor inhibitor, decrease the effect of melatonin in spermatozoa. It was observed that the glutathione (GSH) content and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly increased with addition of melatonin during cryopreservation. In conclusion, addition of melatonin to the freezing extender protects rabbit spermatozoa against ROS attack by enhancing AMPK phosphorylation for increasing the antioxidative defense.
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Deng C, Li T, Xie Y, Guo Y, Yang QY, Liang X, Deng CH, Liu GH. Sperm DNA fragmentation index influences assisted reproductive technology outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis combined with a retrospective cohort study. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13263. [PMID: 30838696 DOI: 10.1111/and.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have explored the influence of DNA damage in assisted reproductive technology (ART), but the outcome remains controversial. To determine whether sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) has any effect on ART outcomes, we collected detailed data regarding 1,333 IVF cycles performed at our centre, and the data of our retrospective cohort study were extracted for this meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Google Scholar and performed a systemic review and meta-analysis. Primary meta-analysis of 10 studies comprising 1,785 couples showed that live birth rate was no significantly different between low-DFI group and high-DFI group (p > 0.05). Secondary meta-analysis of 25 studies comprising 3,992 couples showed a higher miscarriage rate in high-DFI group than in low-DFI group (RR=1.57 [1.18, 2.09], p < 0.01). Meta-analysis of eight studies comprising 17,879 embryos revealed a lower good-quality embryo rate (RR=0.65 [0.62, 0.68], p < 0.01). Meta-analysis of 23 studies comprising 6,771 cycles showed that the high-DFI group had a lower clinical pregnancy rate than low-DFI group (RR=0.85 [0.75, 0.96], p < 0.01). Heterogeneity of included studies weakened our conclusions. Our study showed that DFI has adverse effects on ART outcome. More well-designed studies exploring the association between DFI and ART outcome are desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuncan Deng
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingchun Guo
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Yun Yang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Hua Deng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Hua Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Dynamic assessment of human sperm DNA damage II: the effect of sperm concentration adjustment during processing. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:799-807. [PMID: 30805848 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01423-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of sperm concentration adjustment in human ejaculates on the sperm DNA quality and longevity. METHODS Semen samples were obtained from 30 donors with a normal spermiogram. Following centrifugation, the sperm pellet was resuspended in PBS, and the sperm concentration adjusted to 200, 100, 50, 25, 12, and 6 × 106/mL. Each set of samples was incubated at 37 °C for 24 h, and the sperm DNA damage was assessed using the chromatin-dispersion test following 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h of incubation. RESULTS Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) did not differ between the selected experimental conditions at T0; however, Kaplan-Meier estimates for survival showed significant differences with respect to the dilution and time (all P values were smaller than .001). DNA fragmentation in semen samples adjusted to 200 × 106/mL was approximately 3.3 times higher when compared to samples containing 25 × 106/mL and 3.9 higher in comparison with samples adjusted to 12 × 106/mL following 2 h of in vitro incubation. Although there was evidence of individual variation in SDF during the incubation period, the general finding was that lower sperm concentrations resulted in a slower rate of DNA fragmentation. CONCLUSIONS Incubation of spermatozoa for ART purposes should be done following a concentration adjustment below 25 × 106/mL in order to avoid a higher susceptibility of the sperm DNA molecule towards fragmentation.
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Simon L, Emery B, Carrell DT. Sperm DNA Fragmentation: Consequences for Reproduction. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1166:87-105. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21664-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Barnea I, Karako L, Mirsky SK, Levi M, Balberg M, Shaked NT. Stain-free interferometric phase microscopy correlation with DNA fragmentation stain in human spermatozoa. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2018; 11:e201800137. [PMID: 29877620 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Acridine orange (AO) staining is used to diagnose DNA fragmentation status in sperm cells. Interferometric phase microscopy (IPM) is an optical imaging method based on digital holographic microscopy that provides quantitative morphological and refractive index imaging of cells in vitro without the need for staining. We have imaged sperm cells using stain-free IPM in order to estimate different cellular parameters, such as acrosome dry mass and size, in addition to an embryologist evaluation according to the World Health Organization (WHO)-2010 criteria. Following this, the same sperm cells were stained by AO, imaged using a fluorescence confocal microscope and assessed by the AO-emitted color, forming five DNA fragmentation groups. These DNA fragmentation groups were correlated with the embryologist-based classification and the IPM-based morphological parameters. Our results indicate on significant differences in the IPM-based parameters between groups with different fragmentation levels. Based on the validation with AO, we conclude that stain-free IPM images analyzed digitally may assist in selecting sperm cells with intact DNA prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection. This information may potentially increase percentage of successful pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Barnea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lidor Karako
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Simcha K Mirsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mattan Levi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Balberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Holon Institute of Technology, Holon, Israel
| | - Natan T Shaked
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Savasi V, Oneta M, Laoreti A, Parisi F, Parrilla B, Duca P, Cetin I. Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy on Sperm DNA Integrity of HIV-1-Infected Men. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:1835-1842. [PMID: 30132391 PMCID: PMC6199444 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318794282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1-affected couples' desire to have children and free sexual intercourses with the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis for the negative partner has emerged as an alternative option to assisted reproduction in aviremic patients under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). It is already known that sperm quality may be impaired in HIV-infected men. The underlying physiopathological mechanism is still debated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HAART on sperm DNA fragmentation, comparing HIV-1-infected patients taking HAART versus naïve HIV-1-infected patients. This is a prospective case-control study. Sperm nuclear DNA fragmentation rate was evaluated by the sperm chromatin dispersion test in 77 HIV-infected men: 53 HIV-1 patients receiving HAART (Group 1) versus 24 naïve HIV-1 patients not receiving HAART (Group 2). Complete semen analysis was performed according to WHO 2010 recommendations. Patients with HBV infection or HCV infection coinfections and genital tract infections wre excluded. All the patients did not present any clinical signs of their disease. Seminal parameters were examined in the two groups, showing no significant differences. Increased sperm DNA fragmentation > 30% was demonstrated in 67.9% of patients in Group 1 and 37.5% of patients in Group 2, respectively ( p = .02). A positive but nonsignificant trend toward increased fragmentation was reported with advancing patients' age. In conclusion, sperm nuclear fragmentation rate is increased in HIV-1-infected patients taking HAART compared to HIV-1 patients not receiving HAART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Savasi
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital “L. Sacco,” University of Milan, Italy
- Centre for Fetal Research Giorgio Pardi, University of Milan, Italy
- Valeria Savasi, Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital “L. Sacco,” University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, Milan 20157, Italy.
| | - Monica Oneta
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital “L. Sacco,” University of Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Laoreti
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital “L. Sacco,” University of Milan, Italy
- Centre for Fetal Research Giorgio Pardi, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Parisi
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital “L. Sacco,” University of Milan, Italy
- Centre for Fetal Research Giorgio Pardi, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Bina Parrilla
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital “L. Sacco,” University of Milan, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Duca
- Statistical and Biometry Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Hospital “L. Sacco,” University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Cetin
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital “L. Sacco,” University of Milan, Italy
- Centre for Fetal Research Giorgio Pardi, University of Milan, Italy
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Alahmar AT. The effects of oral antioxidants on the semen of men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2018; 45:57-66. [PMID: 29984205 PMCID: PMC6030611 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2018.45.2.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been estimated that approximately 15% of reproductive-age couples suffer from infertility. Male factors contribute to almost half of infertility cases, and in many patients the underlying cause of oligoasthenoteratozoospermia is unknown. Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays a role as a contributing factor to male infertility, and reactive oxygen species have been shown to impair sperm function and motility and to damage sperm membrane and DNA. Therefore, this review explored the evidence provided by studies published from 2002 to 2017 on the impact of oral antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, L-carnitine, coenzyme Q10, zinc, selenium, and pentoxifylline) on seminal fluid parameters in men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Most of the studies were randomized controlled studies that investigated the effect of single or combined antioxidants and reported improvements in at least one semen parameter. The most noteworthy effect that was found was that the use of multiple antioxidants increased sperm motility and concentration. Nonetheless, there is a lack of agreement on the dose, the duration of treatment, and whether individual or combined oral antioxidants should be used. Therefore, the current review provides evidence supporting the use of oral antioxidants in the treatment of infertile men with idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed T Alahmar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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Panner Selvam MK, Agarwal A. A systematic review on sperm DNA fragmentation in male factor infertility: Laboratory assessment. Arab J Urol 2018; 16:65-76. [PMID: 29713537 PMCID: PMC5922187 DOI: 10.1016/j.aju.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To review sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) testing as an important sperm function test in addition to conventional semen analysis. High SDF is negatively associated with semen quality, the fertilisation process, embryo quality, and pregnancy outcome. Over recent decades, different SDF assays have been developed and reviewed extensively to assess their applicability and accuracy as advanced sperm function tests. Amongst them, the standardisation of the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferased UTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) assay with a bench top flow cytometer in clinical practice deserves special mention with a threshold value of 16.8% to differentiate infertile men with DNA damage from fertile men. Materials and methods A systematic literature search was performed through the PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect databases using the keywords ‘sperm DNA fragmentation’ and ‘laboratory assessment’. Non-English articles were excluded and studies related to humans were only included. Results Of the 618 identified, 87 studies (original research and reviews) and in addition eight book chapters meeting the selection criteria were included in this review. In all, 366 articles were rejected in the preliminary screening and a further 165 articles related to non-human subjects were excluded. Conclusion There are pros and cons to all the available SDF assays. TUNEL is a reliable technique with greater accuracy and as an additional diagnostic test in Andrology laboratories along with basic semen analysis can predict fertility outcome, and thus direct the choice of an assisted reproductive technology procedure for infertile couples. Also, the TUNEL assay can be used as a prognostic test and results are beneficial in deciding personalised treatment for infertile men.
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Key Words
- AO, acridine orange
- ART, assisted reproductive technology
- CMA3, chromomysin A3
- DFI, DNA fragmentation index
- DNA damage
- FITC, Fluorescein isothiocyanate
- ICSI, intracytoplasmic sperm injection
- IUI, intrauterine insemination
- IVF, in vitro fertilisation
- PI, propidium iodide
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SCD, sperm chromatin dispersion
- SCSA, sperm chromatin structure assay
- SDF, sperm DNA fragmentation
- Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF)
- Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) assay
- TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferased UTP nick-end labelling
- TdT, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase
- Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferased UTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL)
- dUTP, 2′-deoxyuridine 5′-triphosphate
- dsDNA, double-stranded DNA
- ssDNA, single-strand DNA
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Colacurci N, De Leo V, Ruvolo G, Piomboni P, Caprio F, Pivonello R, Papaleo E, La Verde E, Depalo R, Lispi M, Longobardi S, Paoli D, Pallotti F, Lombardo F. Recombinant FSH Improves Sperm DNA Damage in Male Infertility: A Phase II Clinical Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:383. [PMID: 30042737 PMCID: PMC6048873 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Background and objectives: Male infertility is a global health dilemma and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) administration has shown promising results. Several studies showed that infertile men with normal semen parameters have low levels of DNA damage while infertile men with abnormal semen parameters have more damage at the DNA level. Sperm DNA damage may affect the reproductive outcome and has been associated with failure in the achievement of competent embryos and pregnancy fulfillment. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the administration of recombinant FSH (Gonal-f® PEN 900 IU) could improve sperm DNA fragmentation in men with infertility. The secondary endpoints of this study were to evaluate the FSH effects on sperm parameters and hormonal assets. Methods: A longitudinal, prospective, multicenter, open-label clinical trial was carried out. Infertile couples were recruited from six Italian Reproductive Medical Centers and 115 infertile men were enrolled for this study. All participants were treated with subcutaneous injections of Gonal-f® 150 IU every other day, within a 3 month-time frame. The semen samples were examined in accordance to the 2010 World Health Organization criteria. Sperm DNA Fragmentation (DFI) was determined by fluorescence microscopy using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d-UTP Nick-end Labeling (TUNEL) assay. Statistical analysis was performed using both the t-test for paired samples and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: FSH administration improved DFI in 67% of patients, with an average decrease of 35.4% compared to the baseline. This improvement is more evident in men with basal DFI lower than 17% and in those with FSH basal levels between 2.16 and 4.27 IU/L. In addition, FSH enhanced the gonadal function, increasing the hormones AMH and Inhibin B and semen parameters. Limitation of these results are represented by the absence of a placebo group and of FSHR genotype stratification sub-analysis. Conclusion: Recombinant FSH 150 IU is well tolerated and effective in eliciting a significant DFI reduction as well as in improving gonadal function. TRIAL REGISTRATION EUDRACT Number 2010-020196-23. Registred 14 April 2011.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Colacurci
- Department of Gynecological, Obstetrics and Reproduction Sciences, II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Leo
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Centre for Couple Sterility, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ruvolo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Casa di Cura Candela, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paola Piomboni
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Centre for Couple Sterility, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Caprio
- Department of Gynecological, Obstetrics and Reproduction Sciences, II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Papaleo
- Operating Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, DIMER Center of Natality Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eugenio La Verde
- Department of Gynecological, Obstetrics and Reproduction Sciences, II University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Depalo
- Pathophysiology Center of Human Reproduction and Freezing Gametes, Ospedale Policlinico Consorziale of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | - Donatella Paoli
- Laboratory of Seminology- Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Donatella Paoli
| | - Francesco Pallotti
- Laboratory of Seminology- Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Lombardo
- Laboratory of Seminology- Sperm Bank “Loredana Gandini”, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Pastuszek E, Kiewisz J, Skowronska P, Liss J, Lukaszuk M, Bruszczynska A, Jakiel G, Lukaszuk K. An investigation of the potential effect of sperm nuclear vacuoles in human spermatozoa on DNA fragmentation using a neutral and alkaline Comet assay. Andrology 2017; 5:392-398. [PMID: 28297560 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Presence of vacuoles and degree of sperm DNA damage are considered to be the basic factors used for the assessment of sperm fertilization capacity. We aimed to investigate the link between these two parameters. According to our knowledge, this is the first study where the Comet assay was used to assess the degree of DNA fragmentation of sperm categorized by Motile Sperm Organelle Morphology Examination (MSOME) Grades. Semen samples from 10 patients were assessed. Spermatozoa were graded into four MSOME groups according to the Vanderzwalmen's criteria. A total of 3930 motile spermatozoa were selected one-by-one using an inverted microscope and transferred onto two different slides. The degree of DNA fragmentation was analyzed by alkaline and neutral Comet assay. Results of the neutral Comet assay showed that Grade I spermatozoa (absence of vacuoles) presented significantly lower dsDNA fragmentation level (mean: 3.13 ± 1.17%) than Grade II (maximum of two small vacuoles; mean: 10.34 ± 2.65%), Grade III (more than two small vacuoles or at least one large vacuole; mean: 23.88 ± 8.37%), and Grade IV (large vacuoles associated with abnormal head shapes or other abnormalities; mean: 36.94 ± 7.78%; p < 0.05). Results of the alkaline Comet assay showed that Grade I spermatozoa had significantly lower DNA (ssDNA + dsDNA) fragmentation level (mean: 8.33 ± 3.62%) than Grade III (mean: 25.64 ± 9.15%) and Grade IV (mean: 40.10 ± 9.10%, p < 0.05), but not significantly lower than Grade II (mean: 12.73 ± 5.06%; p > 0.05). Probably, the vacuoles may be responsible for double strand DNA breaks rather than single strand DNA breaks (only 2.39% spermatozoa in MSOME Grade II, 1.76% in III, and 3.16% in IV has single strand breaks). The results demonstrate that lower MSOME grading correlates with lower sperm DNA fragmentation. Therefore, the observation of sperm nuclear vacuoles using real-time optical microscopy without precise DNA fragmentation examination is not sufficient for optimal sperm selection for intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pastuszek
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdansk, Warsaw, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - J Kiewisz
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - P Skowronska
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdansk, Warsaw, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - J Liss
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdansk, Warsaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M Lukaszuk
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdansk, Warsaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - A Bruszczynska
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdansk, Warsaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - G Jakiel
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdansk, Warsaw, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical Center of Postgraduate Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Lukaszuk
- INVICTA Fertility and Reproductive Center, Gdansk, Warsaw, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of Gyneacological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Agarwal A, Bui AD. Oxidation-reduction potential as a new marker for oxidative stress: Correlation to male infertility. Investig Clin Urol 2017; 58:385-399. [PMID: 29124237 PMCID: PMC5671957 DOI: 10.4111/icu.2017.58.6.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility affects men worldwide. Oxidative stress (OS), characterized by an overabundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or a deficiency of antioxidants, is one of the major causes of male infertility. OS causes damage at the molecular level, which impairs lipids, proteins, and DNA. The cyclic cascade of redox reactions weakens sperm function which leads to poor semen parameters and eventual sterility. There is a need for advanced diagnostic tests that can quickly and accurately detect OS. Most commonly used assays can only measure single constituents of OS. However, the MiOXSYS System introduces a new strategy to detect OS by measuring the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP)--a direct evaluation of the redox balance between ROS and antioxidants. The MiOXSYS System has shown promise as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of male infertility. This review explores the concept of ORP, details the principle of the MiOXSYS System, and summarizes the findings in clinical studies that support ORP measurement in semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Albert Danh Bui
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, USA
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46
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Simon L, Emery BR, Carrell DT. Review: Diagnosis and impact of sperm DNA alterations in assisted reproduction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2017; 44:38-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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47
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Jue JS, Ramasamy R. Significance of positive semen culture in relation to male infertility and the assisted reproductive technology process. Transl Androl Urol 2017; 6:916-922. [PMID: 29184792 PMCID: PMC5673804 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.06.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There are currently no WHO guidelines on the indications for semen culture; however, semen cultures are performed in the evaluation of male infertility and the assisted reproductive technology (ART) process. The relevance and significance of positive semen cultures is widely debated in the literature, with no current consensus on the usefulness of this test in relation to male infertility. We review the pathogenic mechanisms of potentially pathogenic bacteria, general bacteria, urethral flora, and skin flora on sperm parameters. We also present, possible routes of semen contamination, measures to reduce contamination, and the clinical significance of culture contamination. First, it is critical to distinguish round cells in semen as leukocytes from immature germ cells. Second, it is critical to distinguish leukocytospermia from infected semen in order to guide management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S Jue
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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48
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Chi HJ, Kim SG, Kim YY, Park JY, Yoo CS, Park IH, Sun HG, Kim JW, Lee KH, Park HD. ICSI significantly improved the pregnancy rate of patients with a high sperm DNA fragmentation index. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2017; 44:132-140. [PMID: 29026719 PMCID: PMC5636925 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2017.44.3.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Correlations between semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) were investigated to identify characteristics of sperm without DNA damage that could be used in selecting sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Pregnancy outcomes were compared to determine whether in vitro fertilization (IVF) or ICSI is a better choice for patients who have sperm with a high-DFI. Methods Semen analysis was carried out in 388 patients who visited our IVF center for the first time to investigate correlations between sperm DFI and semen parameters. In addition, 1,102 IVF cycles in 867 patients were carried out in the present study; 921 cycles in the low-DFI group (DFI <30%) and 181 cycles in the high-DFI group (DFI ≥30%). Both the low- and high-DFI groups were subdivided into IVF and ICSI cycle groups. Results Sperm DFI showed significant inverse correlations with sperm motility (r=−0.435, p<0.001) and morphology (r=−0.153, p<0.05). Sperm DFI also showed significant correlations with rapid motility (r=−0.436, p<0.001), and the kinetic parameters of average-path velocity (r=−0.403) and linearity (r=−0.412). Although there was no significant difference in the pregnancy rates between IVF (48.6%) and ICSI (44.8%) in the low-DFI group, the pregnancy rate of ICSI cycles (44.8%, p<0.05) was significantly higher than IVF cycles (25.0%) in the high-DFI group. No significant difference was observed in the abortion rates between the low-DFI (52 of 921, 5.6%) and high-DFI groups (7 of 181, 3.8%). Conclusion ICSI is a better choice than IVF for improving the pregnancy outcomes of patients who have sperm with a high DFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jun Chi
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Seok-Gi Kim
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Daegu, Korea
| | | | | | | | - Il-Hae Park
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Hong-Gil Sun
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Kim
- IVF Center, Mamapapa and Baby Clinic, Ulsan, Korea
| | | | - Hum-Dai Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Daegu, Korea
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Hallak J. Utility of sperm DNA fragmentation testing in different clinical scenarios of male reproductive abnormalities and its influence in natural and assisted reproduction. Transl Androl Urol 2017; 6:S509-S512. [PMID: 29082170 PMCID: PMC5643697 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.06.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Hallak
- Androscience, Science and Innovation Center in Andrology and High-Complex Clinical and Andrology Laboratory, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Reproductive Toxicology Unit, University of São Paulo Medical School, SP, Brazil.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Brazil.,Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Sao Paulo (IEA-USP), Brazil
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Gosalvez J, Tvrda E, Agarwal A. Free radical and superoxide reactivity detection in semen quality assessment: past, present, and future. J Assist Reprod Genet 2017; 34:697-707. [PMID: 28341974 PMCID: PMC5445049 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-017-0912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a well-established cause of male infertility, with reactive oxygen species (ROS) impairing sperm production, motility, membrane, and DNA integrity. Currently, most clinics do not test infertile patients for the imbalance between ROS generation and the ability of the antioxidants to scavenge them, although there is a clear need for andrology laboratories to be able to identify and/or quantify seminal oxidative stress. As such there is a clinical urgency for an inexpensive and easy-to-perform assay able to identify oxidative stress in semen. The aim of this review is to provide information on the currently available methods to assess and quantify ROS and particularly superoxide in male reproductive cells, tissues, and fluids which may have a significant clinical utility in identifying men with impaired fertility associated with oxidative stress. Through a deeper understanding of oxidative stress and its assessment options, clinical andrology labs may better assist patients to achieve increased rates of fertility and pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Gosalvez
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Edificio de Biología, Darwin 2, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Tvrda
- Department of Animal Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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