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Carlson CJ, Garnier R, Tiu A, Luby SP, Bansal S. Strategic vaccine stockpiles for regional epidemics of emerging viruses: A geospatial modeling framework. Vaccine 2024:S0264-410X(24)00690-X. [PMID: 38902187 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Multinational epidemics of emerging infectious diseases are increasingly common, due to anthropogenic pressure on ecosystems and the growing connectivity of human populations. Early and efficient vaccination can contain outbreaks and prevent mass mortality, but optimal vaccine stockpiling strategies are dependent on pathogen characteristics, reservoir ecology, and epidemic dynamics. Here, we model major regional outbreaks of Nipah virus and Middle East respiratory syndrome, and use these to develop a generalized framework for estimating vaccine stockpile needs based on spillover geography, spatially-heterogeneous healthcare capacity and spatially-distributed human mobility networks. Because outbreak sizes were highly skewed, we found that most outbreaks were readily contained (median stockpile estimate for MERS-CoV: 2,089 doses; Nipah: 1,882 doses), but the maximum estimated stockpile need in a highly unlikely large outbreak scenario was 2-3 orders of magnitude higher (MERS-CoV: ∼87,000 doses; Nipah ∼ 1.1 million doses). Sensitivity analysis revealed that stockpile needs were more dependent on basic epidemiological parameters (i.e., death and recovery rate) and healthcare availability than any uncertainty related to vaccine efficacy or deployment strategy. Our results highlight the value of descriptive epidemiology for real-world modeling applications, and suggest that stockpile allocation should consider ecological, epidemiological, and social dimensions of risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Carlson
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale University School of Public Health
| | | | - Andrew Tiu
- Department of Biology, Georgetown University
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Rodríguez-González S, Izquierdo-Suzán M, Rocha-Ortega M, Córdoba-Aguilar A. Vector mosquito distribution and richness are predicted by socio-economic, and ecological variables. Acta Trop 2024; 254:107179. [PMID: 38522629 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Mosquitoes of vectorial importance represent a ubiquitous and constant threat of potentially devastating arboviral outbreaks. Our ability to predict such outcomes is still restricted. To answer this, we have used an extensive data collection of 23 vector and 233 non-vector mosquito species distributed throughout the Mexican territory and linked them to social and environmental factors. Our aim was to predict vector and non-vector mosquitoes' distribution and species richness based on socioeconomic and environmental data. We found that lack of health services, human population variation, ecological degradation, and urban-rural categorization contributed significantly to explain the distribution of vector mosquitoes. mosquitoes. This phenomenon is probably attributed to the degradation of natural ecosystems as it creates favorable conditions for the proliferation of vector mosquitoes. The richness of vector mosquitoes was similarly explained by most of these variables as well as altitude. As for non-vector mosquitoes, social marginalization, ecological degradation, anthropogenic impact, and altitude explain species richness and distribution. These findings illustrate the complex interaction of environmental and socioeconomic factors behind the distribution of mosquitoes, and the potential for arboviral disease outbreaks. Areas with human populations at highest risk for mosquito-borne diseases should be primary targets for vector control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephany Rodríguez-González
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mónica Izquierdo-Suzán
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Maya Rocha-Ortega
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-275, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apdo. Postal 70-275, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria 04510 Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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3
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Willoughby JR, McKenzie BA, Ahn J, Steury TD, Lepzcyk CA, Zohdy S. Assessing and managing the risk of Aedes mosquito introductions via the global maritime trade network. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012110. [PMID: 38598547 PMCID: PMC11034661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The global shipping network (GSN) has been suggested as a pathway for the establishment and reintroduction of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus primarily via the tire trade. We used historical maritime movement data in combination with an agent-based model to understand invasion risk in the United States Gulf Coast and how the risk of these invasions could be reduced. We found a strong correlation between the total number of cargo ship arrivals at each port and likelihood of arrival by both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Additionally, in 2012, 99.2% of the arrivals into target ports had most recently visited ports likely occupied by both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, increasing risk of Aedes invasion. Our model results indicated that detection and removal of mosquitoes from containers when they are unloaded effectively reduced the probability of mosquito populations establishment even when the connectivity of ports increased. To reduce the risk of invasion and reintroduction of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, surveillance and control efforts should be employed when containers leave high risk locations and when they arrive in ports at high risk of establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna R. Willoughby
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Benjamin A. McKenzie
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
- Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jordan Ahn
- Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Todd D. Steury
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Lepzcyk
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Sarah Zohdy
- College of Forestry, Wildlife, and Environment, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
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4
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Plante KS, Plante JA, Azar SR, Shinde DP, Scharton D, Versiani AF, Oliveira da Silva NI, Strange T, Sacchetto L, Fokam EB, Rossi SL, Weaver SC, Marques RE, Nogueira ML, Vasilakis N. Potential of Ilhéus virus to emerge. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27934. [PMID: 38545168 PMCID: PMC10965525 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ilhéus virus (ILHV)(Flaviviridae:Orthoflavivirus) is an arthropod-borne virus (arbovirus) endemic to Central and South America and the Caribbean. First isolated in 1944, most of our knowledge derives from surveillance and seroprevalence studies. These efforts have detected ILHV in a broad range of mosquito and vertebrate species, including humans, but laboratory investigations of pathogenesis and vector competence have been lacking. Here, we develop an immune intact murine model with several ages and routes of administration. Our model closely recapitulates human neuroinvasive disease with ILHV strain- and mouse age-specific virulence, as well as a uniformly lethal Ifnar-/- A129 immunocompromised model. Replication kinetics in several vertebrate and invertebrate cell lines demonstrate that ILHV is capable of replicating to high titers in a wide variety of potential host and vector species. Lastly, vector competence studies provide strong evidence for efficient infection of and potential transmission by Aedes species mosquitoes, despite ILHV's phylogenetically clustering with Culex vectored flaviviruses, suggesting ILHV is poised for emergence in the neotropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth S. Plante
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Jessica A. Plante
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Sasha R. Azar
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Center for Tissue Engineering, Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Divya P. Shinde
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Dionna Scharton
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Alice F. Versiani
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | | | - Taylor Strange
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Lívia Sacchetto
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, 15090-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Eric B. Fokam
- Laboratory for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Department of Animal Biology and Conservation, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Shannan L. Rossi
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Scott C. Weaver
- World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Rafael E. Marques
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, 13083-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Mauricio L. Nogueira
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Virologia, Departamento de Doenças Dermatológicas, Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, 15090-000, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, 13083-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Nikos Vasilakis
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
- Center for Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
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Jacob-Nascimento LC, Portilho MM, Anjos RO, Moreira PSS, Stauber C, Weaver SC, Kitron U, Reis MG, Ribeiro GS. Detection of Chikungunya Virus RNA in Oral Fluid and Urine: An Alternative Approach to Diagnosis? Viruses 2024; 16:235. [PMID: 38400011 PMCID: PMC10891727 DOI: 10.3390/v16020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate whether oral fluids (OF) and urine can serve as alternative, non-invasive samples to diagnose chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection via RT-qPCR, we employed the same RNA extraction and RT-qPCR protocols on paired serum, OF and urine samples collected from 51 patients with chikungunya during the acute phase of the illness. Chikungunya patients were confirmed through RT-qPCR in acute-phase sera (N = 19), IgM seroconversion between acute- and convalescent-phase sera (N = 12), or IgM detection in acute-phase sera (N = 20). The controls included paired serum, OF and urine samples from patients with non-arbovirus acute febrile illness (N = 28) and RT-PCR-confirmed dengue (N = 16). Nine (47%) of the patients with positive RT-qPCR for CHIKV in sera and two (17%) of those with CHIKV infection confirmed solely via IgM seroconversion had OF positive for CHIKV in RT-qPCR. One (5%) patient with CHIKV infection confirmed via serum RT-qPCR was positive in the RT-qPCR performed on urine. None of the negative control group samples were positive. Although OF may serve as an alternative sample for diagnosing acute chikungunya in specific settings, a negative result cannot rule out an infection. Further research is needed to investigate whether OF and urine collected later in the disease course when serum becomes RT-qPCR-negative may be helpful in CHIKV diagnosis and surveillance, as well as to determine whether urine and OF pose any risk of CHIKV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leile Camila Jacob-Nascimento
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, Brazil; (L.C.J.-N.); (M.M.P.); (R.O.A.); (P.S.S.M.); (M.G.R.)
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40026-010, Brazil
| | - Moyra M. Portilho
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, Brazil; (L.C.J.-N.); (M.M.P.); (R.O.A.); (P.S.S.M.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Rosângela O. Anjos
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, Brazil; (L.C.J.-N.); (M.M.P.); (R.O.A.); (P.S.S.M.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Patrícia S. S. Moreira
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, Brazil; (L.C.J.-N.); (M.M.P.); (R.O.A.); (P.S.S.M.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Christine Stauber
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;
| | - Scott C. Weaver
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology and World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
| | - Uriel Kitron
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA;
| | - Mitermayer G. Reis
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, Brazil; (L.C.J.-N.); (M.M.P.); (R.O.A.); (P.S.S.M.); (M.G.R.)
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40026-010, Brazil
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA
| | - Guilherme S. Ribeiro
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador 40296-710, Brazil; (L.C.J.-N.); (M.M.P.); (R.O.A.); (P.S.S.M.); (M.G.R.)
- Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40026-010, Brazil
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Scotto G, Massa S, Spirito F, Fazio V. Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome: Microcephaly and Orofacial Anomalies. Life (Basel) 2023; 14:55. [PMID: 38255670 PMCID: PMC10820182 DOI: 10.3390/life14010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The progressive reappearance of Zika virus (ZIKV) infections since October 2013 and its circulation in >70 countries and territories (from French Polynesia to Brazil and other countries in the Americas, with sporadic spread in Europe and the East) has long been reported as a global public health emergency. ZIKV is a virus transmitted by arthropods (arboviruses), mainly by Aedes mosquitoes. ZIKV can also be transmitted to humans through mechanisms other than vector infection such as sexual intercourse, blood transfusions, and mother-to-child transmission. The latter mode of transmission can give rise to a severe clinical form called congenital Zika syndrome (CZS), which can result in spontaneous abortion or serious pathological alterations in the fetus such as microcephaly or neurological and orofacial anomalies. In this study, beside a succinct overview of the etiological, microbiological, and epidemiological aspects and modes of transmission of Zika virus infections, we have focused our attention on the pathogenetic and histopathological aspects in pregnancy and the pathogenetic and molecular mechanisms that can determine microcephaly, and consequently the clinical alterations, typical of the fetus and newborns, in a subject affected by CZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Scotto
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital “OORR” Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Massa
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resource and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Francesca Spirito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Vincenzina Fazio
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Virology Unit, University Hospital “OORR” Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
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Mingo-Casas P, Blázquez AB, Gómez de Cedrón M, San-Félix A, Molina S, Escribano-Romero E, Calvo-Pinilla E, Jiménez de Oya N, Ramírez de Molina A, Saiz JC, Pérez-Pérez MJ, Martín-Acebes MA. Glycolytic shift during West Nile virus infection provides new therapeutic opportunities. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:217. [PMID: 37759218 PMCID: PMC10537838 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02899-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral rewiring of host bioenergetics and immunometabolism may provide novel targets for therapeutic interventions against viral infections. Here, we have explored the effect on bioenergetics during the infection with the mosquito-borne flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV), a medically relevant neurotropic pathogen causing outbreaks of meningitis and encephalitis worldwide. RESULTS A systematic literature search and meta-analysis pointed to a misbalance of glucose homeostasis in the central nervous system of WNV patients. Real-time bioenergetic analyses confirmed upregulation of aerobic glycolysis and a reduction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation during viral replication in cultured cells. Transcriptomics analyses in neural tissues from experimentally infected mice unveiled a glycolytic shift including the upregulation of hexokinases 2 and 3 (Hk2 and Hk3) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (Pdk4). Treatment of infected mice with the Hk inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, or the Pdk4 inhibitor, dichloroacetate, alleviated WNV-induced neuroinflammation. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight the importance of host energetic metabolism and specifically glycolysis in WNV infection in vivo. This study provides proof of concept for the druggability of the glycolytic pathway for the future development of therapies to combat WNV pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Mingo-Casas
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana-Belén Blázquez
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez de Cedrón
- Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana San-Félix
- Instituto de Quimica Medica (IQM), CSIC, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Molina
- Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela Escribano-Romero
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Calvo-Pinilla
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nereida Jiménez de Oya
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ramírez de Molina
- Molecular Oncology Group, IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan-Carlos Saiz
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Miguel A Martín-Acebes
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (INIA-CSIC), 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Pereira PDC, Diniz DG, da Costa ER, Magalhães NGDM, da Silva ADJF, Leite JGS, Almeida NIP, Cunha KDN, de Melo MAD, Vasconcelos PFDC, Diniz JAP, Brites D, Anthony DC, Diniz CWP, Guerreiro-Diniz C. Genes, inflammatory response, tolerance, and resistance to virus infections in migratory birds, bats, and rodents. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1239572. [PMID: 37711609 PMCID: PMC10497949 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1239572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Normally, the host immunological response to viral infection is coordinated to restore homeostasis and protect the individual from possible tissue damage. The two major approaches are adopted by the host to deal with the pathogen: resistance or tolerance. The nature of the responses often differs between species and between individuals of the same species. Resistance includes innate and adaptive immune responses to control virus replication. Disease tolerance relies on the immune response allowing the coexistence of infections in the host with minimal or no clinical signs, while maintaining sufficient viral replication for transmission. Here, we compared the virome of bats, rodents and migratory birds and the molecular mechanisms underlying symptomatic and asymptomatic disease progression. We also explore the influence of the host physiology and environmental influences on RNA virus expression and how it impacts on the whole brain transcriptome of seemingly healthy semipalmated sandpiper (Calidris pusilla) and spotted sandpiper (Actitis macularius). Three time points throughout the year were selected to understand the importance of longitudinal surveys in the characterization of the virome. We finally revisited evidence that upstream and downstream regulation of the inflammatory response is, respectively, associated with resistance and tolerance to viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Douglas Corrêa Pereira
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Daniel Guerreiro Diniz
- Seção de Hepatologia, Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Ramos da Costa
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Nara Gyzely de Morais Magalhães
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Anderson de Jesus Falcão da Silva
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Gizele Sousa Leite
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Natan Ibraim Pires Almeida
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Kelle de Nazaré Cunha
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Mauro André Damasceno de Melo
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
| | - Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade do Estado do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Seção de Arbovirologia e Febres Hemorrágicas, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
| | - José Antonio Picanço Diniz
- Seção de Hepatologia, Laboratório de Microscopia Eletrônica, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Dora Brites
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Daniel Clive Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Experimental Neuropathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cristovam Wanderley Picanço Diniz
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Laboratório de Investigações em Neurodegeneração e Infecção, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Cristovam Guerreiro-Diniz
- Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Neuroecologia, Instituto Federal de Educação, Bragança, Pará, Brazil
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9
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Merkling SH, Crist AB, Henrion-Lacritick A, Frangeul L, Couderc E, Gausson V, Blanc H, Bergman A, Baidaliuk A, Romoli O, Saleh MC, Lambrechts L. Multifaceted contributions of Dicer2 to arbovirus transmission by Aedes aegypti. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112977. [PMID: 37573505 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are an increasing threat to global health. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) pathway is considered the main antiviral immune pathway of insects, but its effective impact on arbovirus transmission is surprisingly poorly understood. Here, we use CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene editing in vivo to mutate Dicer2, a gene encoding the RNA sensor and key component of the siRNA pathway. The loss of Dicer2 enhances early viral replication and systemic viral dissemination of four medically significant arboviruses (chikungunya, Mayaro, dengue, and Zika viruses) representing two viral families. However, Dicer2 mutants and wild-type mosquitoes display overall similar levels of vector competence. In addition, Dicer2 mutants undergo significant virus-induced mortality during infection with chikungunya virus. Together, our results define a multifaceted role for Dicer2 in the transmission of arboviruses by Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and pave the way for further mechanistic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hélène Merkling
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Anna Beth Crist
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Annabelle Henrion-Lacritick
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Viruses and RNA Interference Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lionel Frangeul
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Viruses and RNA Interference Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Elodie Couderc
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Valérie Gausson
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Viruses and RNA Interference Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Blanc
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Viruses and RNA Interference Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Alexander Bergman
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Artem Baidaliuk
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ottavia Romoli
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Viruses and RNA Interference Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Maria-Carla Saleh
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3569, Viruses and RNA Interference Unit, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Louis Lambrechts
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, 75015 Paris, France.
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10
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Ogwuche J, Chang CA, Ige O, Sagay AS, Chaplin B, Kahansim ML, Paul M, Elujoba M, Imade G, Kweashi G, Dai YC, Hsieh SC, Wang WK, Hamel DJ, Kanki PJ. Arbovirus surveillance in pregnant women in north-central Nigeria, 2019-2022. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.08.04.23293671. [PMID: 37609234 PMCID: PMC10441490 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.04.23293671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The adverse impact of Zika (ZIKV), dengue (DENV), and chikungunya (CHIKV) virus infection in pregnancy has been recognized in Latin America and Asia but is not well studied in Africa. In Nigeria, we screened 1006 pregnant women for ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV IgM/IgG by rapid test (2019-2022). Women with acute infection were recruited for prospective study and infants were examined for any abnormalities from delivery through six months. A subset of rapid test-reactive samples were confirmed using virus-specific ELISAs and neutralization assays. Prevalence of acute infection (IgM+) was 3.8%, 9.9% and 11.8% for ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV, respectively; co-infections represented 24.5% of all infections. Prevalence in asymptomatic women was twice the level of symptomatic infection. We found a significant association between acute maternal ZIKV/DENV/CHIKV infection and any gross abnormal birth outcome (p=0.014). Further prospective studies will contribute to our understanding of the clinical significance of these endemic arboviruses in Africa.
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11
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Annan E, Treviño J, Zhao B, Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Haque U. Direct and indirect effects of age on dengue severity: The mediating role of secondary infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011537. [PMID: 37556473 PMCID: PMC10441797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe dengue occurrence has been attributed to increasing age and different dengue virus (DENV) serotypes that cause secondary infections and immune-enhancing phenomena. Therefore, we examined if the effect of age on dengue severity was mediated by infectivity status while controlling for sex and region. Further, we assessed the spatial clustering of dengue severity for individuals with primary and secondary infection across Mexican municipalities. Health data from 2012 to 2017 was retrieved from Mexico's Ministry of Health. A mediation analysis was performed using multiple logistic regression models based on a directed acyclic graph. The models were explored for the direct effect of age on dengue severity and its indirect impact through secondary infection. In addition, severe dengue clusters were determined in some Northeastern and Southeastern municipalities through spatial analysis. We observed a nonlinear trend between age and severe dengue. There was a downward trend of severe dengue for individuals between 0 and 10 years and an upward trend above 10 years. The effect of age on dengue severity was no longer significant for individuals between 10 and 60 years after introducing infectivity status into the model. The mediating role of infectivity status in the causal model was 17%. Clustering of severe dengue among individuals with primary infection in the Northeastern region may point to the high prevalence of DENV-3 in the region. Public health efforts may prevent secondary infection among infants and the aged. In addition, there should be a further investigation into the effect of DENV-3 in individuals with primary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Annan
- Center for Health and Wellbeing, School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Jesús Treviño
- Department of Urban Affairs at the School of Architecture, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo Léon, México
| | - Bingxin Zhao
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas-Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Ubydul Haque
- Rutgers Global Health Institute, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
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12
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Cardoso M, Ragan I, Hartson L, Goodrich RP. Emerging Pathogen Threats in Transfusion Medicine: Improving Safety and Confidence with Pathogen Reduction Technologies. Pathogens 2023; 12:911. [PMID: 37513758 PMCID: PMC10383627 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging infectious disease threats are becoming more frequent due to various social, political, and geographical pressures, including increased human-animal contact, global trade, transportation, and changing climate conditions. Since blood products for transfusion are derived from donated blood from the general population, emerging agents spread by blood contact or the transfusion of blood products are also a potential risk. Blood transfusions are essential in treating patients with anemia, blood loss, and other medical conditions. However, these lifesaving procedures can contribute to infectious disease transmission, particularly to vulnerable populations. New methods have been implemented on a global basis for the prevention of transfusion transmissions via plasma, platelets, and whole blood products. Implementing proactive pathogen reduction methods may reduce the likelihood of disease transmission via blood transfusions, even for newly emerging agents whose transmissibility and susceptibility are still being evaluated as they emerge. In this review, we consider the Mirasol PRT system for blood safety, which is based on a photochemical method involving riboflavin and UV light. We provide examples of how emerging threats, such as Ebola, SARS-CoV-2, hepatitis E, mpox and other agents, have been evaluated in real time regarding effectiveness of this method in reducing the likelihood of disease transmission via transfusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Cardoso
- Terumo BCT, Inc., TERUMO Böood and Cell Technologies, Zaventem, 41 1930 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Izabela Ragan
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Lindsay Hartson
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
| | - Raymond P Goodrich
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
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13
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Soudi S, Crepeau M, Collier TC, Lee Y, Cornel AJ, Lanzaro GC. Genomic signatures of local adaptation in recent invasive Aedes aegypti populations in California. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:311. [PMID: 37301847 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09402-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rapid adaptation to new environments can facilitate species invasions and range expansions. Understanding the mechanisms of adaptation used by invasive disease vectors in new regions has key implications for mitigating the prevalence and spread of vector-borne disease, although they remain relatively unexplored. RESULTS Here, we integrate whole-genome sequencing data from 96 Aedes aegypti mosquitoes collected from various sites in southern and central California with 25 annual topo-climate variables to investigate genome-wide signals of local adaptation among populations. Patterns of population structure, as inferred using principal components and admixture analysis, were consistent with three genetic clusters. Using various landscape genomics approaches, which all remove the confounding effects of shared ancestry on correlations between genetic and environmental variation, we identified 112 genes showing strong signals of local environmental adaptation associated with one or more topo-climate factors. Some of them have known effects in climate adaptation, such as heat-shock proteins, which shows selective sweep and recent positive selection acting on these genomic regions. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a genome wide perspective on the distribution of adaptive loci and lay the foundation for future work to understand how environmental adaptation in Ae. aegypti impacts the arboviral disease landscape and how such adaptation could help or hinder efforts at population control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghayegh Soudi
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Marc Crepeau
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Travis C Collier
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL, USA
| | - Anthony J Cornel
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Parlier, CA, USA
| | - Gregory C Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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14
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van Bree JWM, Linthout C, van Dijk T, Abbo SR, Fros JJ, Koenraadt CJM, Pijlman GP, Wang H. Competition between two Usutu virus isolates in cell culture and in the common house mosquito Culex pipiens. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1195621. [PMID: 37293213 PMCID: PMC10244747 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1195621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus of African origin. Over the past decades, USUV has spread through Europe causing mass die-offs among multiple bird species. The natural transmission cycle of USUV involves Culex spp. mosquitoes as vectors and birds as amplifying hosts. Next to birds and mosquitoes, USUV has also been isolated from multiple mammalian species, including humans, which are considered dead-end hosts. USUV isolates are phylogenetically classified into an African and European branch, subdivided into eight genetic lineages (Africa 1, 2, and 3 and Europe 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 lineages). Currently, multiple African and European lineages are co-circulating in Europe. Despite increased knowledge of the epidemiology and pathogenicity of the different lineages, the effects of co-infection and transmission efficacy of the co-circulating USUV strains remain unclear. In this study, we report a comparative study between two USUV isolates as follows: a Dutch isolate (USUV-NL, Africa lineage 3) and an Italian isolate (USUV-IT, Europe lineage 2). Upon co-infection, USUV-NL was consistently outcompeted by USUV-IT in mosquito, mammalian, and avian cell lines. In mosquito cells, the fitness advantage of USUV-IT was most prominently observed in comparison to the mammalian or avian cell lines. When Culex pipiens mosquitoes were orally infected with the different isolates, no overall differences in vector competence for USUV-IT and USUV-NL were observed. However, during the in vivo co-infection assay, it was observed that USUV-NL infectivity and transmission were negatively affected by USUV-IT but not vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce W. M. van Bree
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Linthout
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Teije van Dijk
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Sandra R. Abbo
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jelke J. Fros
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Gorben P. Pijlman
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Haidong Wang
- Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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15
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Garcia G, Irudayam JI, Jeyachandran AV, Dubey S, Chang C, Castillo Cario S, Price N, Arumugam S, Marquez AL, Shah A, Fanaei A, Chakravarty N, Joshi S, Sinha S, French SW, Parcells MS, Ramaiah A, Arumugaswami V. Innate immune pathway modulator screen identifies STING pathway activation as a strategy to inhibit multiple families of arbo and respiratory viruses. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101024. [PMID: 37119814 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
RNA viruses continue to remain a threat for potential pandemics due to their rapid evolution. Potentiating host antiviral pathways to prevent or limit viral infections is a promising strategy. Thus, by testing a library of innate immune agonists targeting pathogen recognition receptors, we observe that Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), stimulator of interferon genes (STING), TLR8, and Dectin-1 ligands inhibit arboviruses, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), West Nile virus, and Zika virus to varying degrees. STING agonists (cAIMP, diABZI, and 2',3'-cGAMP) and Dectin-1 agonist scleroglucan demonstrate the most potent, broad-spectrum antiviral function. Furthermore, STING agonists inhibit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) infection in cardiomyocytes. Transcriptome analysis reveals that cAIMP treatment rescue cells from CHIKV-induced dysregulation of cell repair, immune, and metabolic pathways. In addition, cAIMP provides protection against CHIKV in a chronic CHIKV-arthritis mouse model. Our study describes innate immune signaling circuits crucial for RNA virus replication and identifies broad-spectrum antivirals effective against multiple families of pandemic potential RNA viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Ignatius Irudayam
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arjit Vijey Jeyachandran
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Swati Dubey
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christina Chang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Castillo Cario
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nate Price
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sathya Arumugam
- Department of Mathematics, Government College Daman, Daman, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu 396210, India
| | - Angelica L Marquez
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aayushi Shah
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amir Fanaei
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shantanu Joshi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sanjeev Sinha
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Samuel W French
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark S Parcells
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Arunachalam Ramaiah
- Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Center at inStem, Bangalore 560065, India; City of Milwaukee Health Department, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA.
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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16
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Loaiza JR, Bennett KL, Miller MJ, De León LF. Unraveling the genomic complexity of sylvatic mosquitoes in changing Neotropical environments. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 81:102944. [PMID: 37099930 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Sylvatic New World mosquitoes (e.g. Old-growth Forest species) can transmit viruses among non-human primates. This could be a continuous source of viral cycling and spillover events from animals to humans, particularly in changing environments. However, most species of Neotropical sylvatic mosquitoes (genera Aedes, Haemagogus, and Sabethes), which include vector and non-vector species, currently lack genomic resources because there is no reliable and accurate approach for creating de novo reference genomes for these insects. This is a major knowledge gap in the biology of these mosquitoes, restricting our ability to predict and mitigate the emergence and spread of novel arboviruses in Neotropical regions. We discuss recent advances and potential solutions for generating hybrid de novo assemblies from vector and non-vector species using pools of consanguineous offspring. We also discussed research opportunities likely to emerge from these genomic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose R Loaiza
- Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Ciudad del Saber, Clayton 0843-01103, Republic of Panama.
| | - Kelly L Bennett
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Miller
- RENECO International Wildlife Consultants LLC, Al Reem Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Luis F De León
- Centro de Biodiversidad y Descubrimiento de Drogas, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), Ciudad del Saber, Clayton 0843-01103, Republic of Panama; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA
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17
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García-Romero C, Carrillo Bilbao GA, Navarro JC, Martin-Solano S, Saegerman C. Arboviruses in Mammals in the Neotropics: A Systematic Review to Strengthen Epidemiological Monitoring Strategies and Conservation Medicine. Viruses 2023; 15:417. [PMID: 36851630 PMCID: PMC9962704 DOI: 10.3390/v15020417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are a diverse group of ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses, with the exception of African swine fever virus, that are transmitted by hematophagous arthropods to a vertebrate host. They are the important cause of many diseases due to their ability to spread in different environments and their diversity of vectors. Currently, there is no information on the geographical distribution of the diseases because the routes of transmission and the mammals (wild or domestic) that act as potential hosts are poorly documented or unknown. We conducted a systematic review from 1967 to 2021 to identify the diversity of arboviruses, the areas, and taxonomic groups that have been monitored, the prevalence of positive records, and the associated risk factors. We identified forty-three arboviruses in nine mammalian orders distributed in eleven countries. In Brazil, the order primates harbor the highest number of arbovirus records. The three most recorded arboviruses were Venezuelan equine encephalitis, Saint Louis encephalitis and West Nile virus. Serum is the most used sample to obtain arbovirus records. Deforestation is identified as the main risk factor for arbovirus transmission between different species and environments (an odds ratio of 1.46 with a 95% confidence interval: 1.34-1.59). The results show an increase in the sampling effort over the years in the neotropical region. Despite the importance of arboviruses for public health, little is known about the interaction of arboviruses, their hosts, and vectors, as some countries and mammalian orders have not yet been monitored. Long-term and constant monitoring allows focusing research on the analysis of the interrelationships and characteristics of each component animal, human, and their environment to understand the dynamics of the diseases and guide epidemiological surveillance and vector control programs. The biodiversity of the Neotropics should be considered to support epidemiological monitoring strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthya García-Romero
- Maestría en Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Quito 170521, Ecuador
- Instituto de Investigación en Zoonosis (CIZ), Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
| | - Gabriel Alberto Carrillo Bilbao
- Instituto de Investigación en Zoonosis (CIZ), Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiege), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Department of Infections and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
- Facultad de Filosofía, Letras y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
| | - Juan-Carlos Navarro
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Emergentes, Ecoepidemiología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito 170521, Ecuador
| | - Sarah Martin-Solano
- Instituto de Investigación en Zoonosis (CIZ), Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
- Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Animal y Humana (GISAH), Carrera Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas—ESPE, P.O. Box 171-5-231B, Sangolquí 171103, Ecuador
| | - Claude Saegerman
- Research Unit of Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Applied to Veterinary Sciences (UREAR-ULiege), Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH) Center, Department of Infections and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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18
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Garcia G, Irudayam JI, Jeyachandran AV, Dubey S, Chang C, Cario SC, Price N, Arumugam S, Marquez AL, Shah A, Fanaei A, Chakravarty N, Joshi S, Sinha S, French SW, Parcells M, Ramaiah A, Arumugaswami V. Broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors targeting pandemic potential RNA viruses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.19.524824. [PMID: 36711787 PMCID: PMC9882367 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.19.524824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
RNA viruses continue to remain a clear and present threat for potential pandemics due to their rapid evolution. To mitigate their impact, we urgently require antiviral agents that can inhibit multiple families of disease-causing viruses, such as arthropod-borne and respiratory pathogens. Potentiating host antiviral pathways can prevent or limit viral infections before escalating into a major outbreak. Therefore, it is critical to identify broad-spectrum antiviral agents. We have tested a small library of innate immune agonists targeting pathogen recognition receptors, including TLRs, STING, NOD, Dectin and cytosolic DNA or RNA sensors. We observed that TLR3, STING, TLR8 and Dectin-1 ligands inhibited arboviruses, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), West Nile virus (WNV) and Zika virus, to varying degrees. Cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) STING agonists, such as cAIMP, diABZI, and 2',3'-cGAMP, and Dectin-1 agonist scleroglucan, demonstrated the most potent, broad-spectrum antiviral function. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that CHIKV-infected cells had larger number of differentially expressed genes than of WNV and ZIKV. Furthermore, gene expression analysis showed that cAIMP treatment rescued cells from CHIKV-induced dysregulation of cell repair, immune, and metabolic pathways. In addition, cAIMP provided protection against CHIKV in a CHIKV-arthritis mouse model. Cardioprotective effects of synthetic STING ligands against CHIKV, WNV, SARS-CoV-2 and enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections were demonstrated using human cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, the direct-acting antiviral drug remdesivir, a nucleoside analogue, was not effective against CHIKV and WNV, but exhibited potent antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2, RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), and EV-D68. Our study identifies broad-spectrum antivirals effective against multiple families of pandemic potential RNA viruses, which can be rapidly deployed to prevent or mitigate future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Ignatius Irudayam
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arjit Vijay Jeyachandran
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Swati Dubey
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christina Chang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sebastian Castillo Cario
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nate Price
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sathya Arumugam
- Department of Mathematics, Government College Daman, U.T of DNH & DD, India
| | - Angelica L. Marquez
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aayushi Shah
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amir Fanaei
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Chakravarty
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shantanu Joshi
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sanjeev Sinha
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Samuel W. French
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mark Parcells
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Arunachalam Ramaiah
- Tata Institute for Genetics and Society, Center at inStem, Bangalore 560065, India,City of Milwaukee Health Department, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA.,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami, DVM, PhD., 10833 Le Conte Ave, CHS B2-049A, Los Angeles, California 90095, Phone: (310) 794-9568, , Arunachalam Ramaiah, MS, PhD., 841 N. Broadway, 2nd Floor, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202,
| | - Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Lead Contact,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami, DVM, PhD., 10833 Le Conte Ave, CHS B2-049A, Los Angeles, California 90095, Phone: (310) 794-9568, , Arunachalam Ramaiah, MS, PhD., 841 N. Broadway, 2nd Floor, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202,
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19
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Bonilla-Aldana DK, Castaño-Betancourt KJ, Ortega-Martínez JM, Ulloque-Badaracco JR, Hernandez-Bustamante EA, Benites-Zapata VA, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Prevalence of zoonotic and non-zoonotic Rickettsia in horses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. New Microbes New Infect 2022; 51:101068. [PMID: 36632173 PMCID: PMC9827057 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In a broad sense, Rickettsiae are a group of microorganisms that can be transmitted mechanically or biologically to animals and humans. Rickettsioses are associated with hematic manifestations. Its prevalence in humans, dogs and other animals has been widely explored, but not in equine species. To determine the prevalence of Rickettsia infection in horses. A systematic review of the literature was carried out in five databases for the proportion of horses infected with Rickettsia, defined by molecular and immunological techniques. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The Cochran's Q test and the I2 statistic were used to assess the between-study-heterogeneity. The pooled prevalence of Rickettsia in equines was 37.0% (95% CI: 26.0%-47.0%), with significant heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 98.12%). In the subgroup analysis, the prevalence of Rickettsia in horses was found to be 24.0% (95%CI: 10.0%-41.0%) for IFI, 47.0% (95%CI: 30.0%-64.0%) for IFA, 14.0% (95%CI: 11.0%-17.0%) for IFAT and 39.0% (95%CI: 0.0%-95.0%) for PCR. There was a high prevalence of Rickettsia among horses, with some of the species being zoonotic, with their corresponding implications for humans, which increasingly are in close contact with equines, particularly horses and their ticks, posing a risk for spillover and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Research Unit, Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Peru,Red Colombiana de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Garrapatas en Pequeños Animales (RECEPA) - Colombian Network of Tick-Borne Diseases in Small Animals (RECEPA), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Karen Johana Castaño-Betancourt
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de Las Américas – Institución Universitaria Visión de Las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Juan Manuel Ortega-Martínez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de Las Américas – Institución Universitaria Visión de Las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | | | - Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante
- Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de La Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, Peru,Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad de Investigación para La Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Vicente A. Benites-Zapata
- Grupo Peruano de Investigación Epidemiológica, Unidad de Investigación para La Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru,Corresponding author.
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Científica Del Sur, Lima, Peru,Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de Las Américas – Institución Universitaria Visión de Las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia,Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 36, Lebanon,Red Colombiana de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Garrapatas en Pequeños Animales (RECEPA) - Colombian Network of Tick-Borne Diseases in Small Animals (RECEPA), Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
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20
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Assessment of Post-Dengue Rheumatic Symptoms Using the WOMAC and DAS-28 Questionnaires in a Honduran Population after a Four-Month Follow-Up. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7120394. [PMID: 36548649 PMCID: PMC9784921 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7120394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alphaviruses may cause arthritis, but there is a lack of studies assessing it in flaviviruses such as dengue. Through the 28 Joint Disease Activity Score (DAS-28), incorporating swollen joint counts, and through the Arthritis Index from Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC), we assessed pain, stiffness, and dimensions of arthritic function in post-DENV patients. Methods: Prospective study of a cohort of participants who were diagnosed with dengue in centres in Honduras from December 2019 to February 2020, with a follow-up period of 4 months to evaluate post-dengue rheumatological disease through the WOMAC and DAS-28 questionnaires. Results: After a four-month follow-up phase with 281 participants, the final cohort comprised 58.8% women and 41.20% men. After the follow-up, 63.02% persisted with the clinical findings. According to WOMAC, joint involvement was higher in women with (58.76%) (p < 0.0001) these symptoms or functional limitations when performing daily activities were limited to pain when walking (34.81% vs. 5.51%), climbing or descending stairs (36.46% vs. 8.66%), and at night at bedtime (28.73% vs. 7.08%). With the DAS-28, we found at least one alteration with inflammation or pain in 14.91% of the participants, primarily women (p < 0.01). Discussion: Joint involvement was high during the dengue epidemic in 2019. We observed a significant proportion of women with inflammation and joint pain, showing that dengue may lead to the development of chronic rheumatological findings, although lower than in CHIKV, still affecting everyday life and, consequently, their quality of life. Additional long-term evaluation studies after dengue are required.
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21
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Faber PA, Dorai AJ, Chown SL. A standardised low-cost membrane blood-feeder for Aedes aegypti made using common laboratory materials. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14247. [PMID: 36325181 PMCID: PMC9620972 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood feeding is a necessary part of laboratory studies involving mosquitoes and other hematophagous arthropods of interest in medical and ecological research. However, methods involving hosts may present serious risks, require ethics approvals and can be expensive. Here we describe an insect blood feeder made using common laboratory materials, which is low cost (<US$100) and can be constructed and operated with little technical expertise. We compared the blood feeder containing an artificial blood diet, Skitosnack, to direct human arm feeding for Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae), in terms of engorgement rate, fecundity and hatch rate. No significant difference in fecundity between the two approaches was found, (mean ± SD); direct human arm: 56 ± 26 eggs/female, artificial method: 47 ± 25 eggs/female, P = 0.569. Engorgement rates (direct human arm: 97.8 ± 4%, artificial: 64.1 ± 23%, P < 0.05) and hatch rates (direct human arm: 75 ± 12%, artificial: 59 ± 14%, P < 0.05) were lower in the artificially fed mosquitoes. Despite these differences, we maintained a healthy mosquito colony for 10 generations using the artificial feeding approach. Results from this comparison are within the range of other studies which compared direct host feeding with an artificial feeding method. We anticipate that the blood feeder presented here could substantially reduce costs usually required to establish a standardised and effective blood feeding method for maintaining mosquito colonies or conducting experiments, extending the capability of laboratories especially where research resources are limited, but vector-borne diseases common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Faber
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Steven L. Chown
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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22
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Dengue Prediction in Latin America Using Machine Learning and the One Health Perspective: A Literature Review. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7100322. [PMID: 36288063 PMCID: PMC9611387 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7100322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is a serious and growing public health problem in Latin America and elsewhere, intensified by climate change and human mobility. This paper reviews the approaches to the epidemiological prediction of dengue fever using the One Health perspective, including an analysis of how Machine Learning techniques have been applied to it and focuses on the risk factors for dengue in Latin America to put the broader environmental considerations into a detailed understanding of the small-scale processes as they affect disease incidence. Determining that many factors can act as predictors for dengue outbreaks, a large-scale comparison of different predictors over larger geographic areas than those currently studied is lacking to determine which predictors are the most effective. In addition, it provides insight into techniques of Machine Learning used for future predictive models, as well as general workflow for Machine Learning projects of dengue fever.
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23
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Rakes TR, Deane JK, Rees LP, Goldberg DM. Disaster Risk Planning With Fuzzy Goal Programming. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2022; 42:2026-2040. [PMID: 34741319 DOI: 10.1111/risa.13849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The uncertainty in the timing and severity of disaster events makes the long-term planning of mitigation and recovery actions both critical and extremely difficult. Planners often use expected values for hazard occurrences, leaving communities vulnerable to worse-than-usual and even so-called "black swan" events. This research models disasters in terms of their best-case, most-likely, and worst-case damage estimates. These values are then embedded in a fuzzy goal programming model to provide community planners and stakeholders with the ability to strategize for any range of events from best-case to worst-case by adjusting goal weights. Examples are given illustrating the modeling approach, and an analysis is provided to illustrate how planners might use the model as a planning tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry R Rakes
- Department of Business Information Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jason K Deane
- Department of Business Information Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Loren P Rees
- Department of Business Information Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - David M Goldberg
- Department of Management Information Systems, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
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24
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Lee WL, Gu X, Armas F, Leifels M, Wu F, Chandra F, Chua FJD, Syenina A, Chen H, Cheng D, Ooi EE, Wuertz S, Alm EJ, Thompson J. Monitoring human arboviral diseases through wastewater surveillance: Challenges, progress and future opportunities. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:118904. [PMID: 36007397 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Arboviral diseases are caused by a group of viruses spread by the bite of infected arthropods. Amongst these, dengue, Zika, west nile fever and yellow fever cause the greatest economic and social impact. Arboviral epidemics have increased in frequency, magnitude and geographical extent over the past decades and are expected to continue increasing with climate change and expanding urbanisation. Arboviral prevalence is largely underestimated, as most infections are asymptomatic, nevertheless existing surveillance systems are based on passive reporting of loosely defined clinical syndromes with infrequent laboratory confirmation. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS), which has been demonstrated to be useful for monitoring diseases with significant asymptomatic populations including COVID19 and polio, could be a useful complement to arboviral surveillance. We review the current state of knowledge and identify key factors that affect the feasibility of monitoring arboviral diseases by WBS to include viral shedding loads by infected persons, the persistence of shed arboviruses and the efficiency of their recovery from sewage. We provide a simple model on the volume of wastewater that needs to be processed for detection of arboviruses, in face of lower arboviral shedding rates. In all, this review serves to reflect on the key challenges that need to be addressed and overcome for successful implementation of arboviral WBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin Lee
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Xiaoqiong Gu
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Federica Armas
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Mats Leifels
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Fuqing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, Center for Infectious Disease, University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Franciscus Chandra
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Feng Jun Desmond Chua
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Ayesa Syenina
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre (ViREMiCS), SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Hongjie Chen
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
| | - Dan Cheng
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Eng Eong Ooi
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore; Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Viral Research and Experimental Medicine Centre (ViREMiCS), SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Stefan Wuertz
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Eric J Alm
- Antimicrobial Resistance Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore 138602, Singapore; Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore; Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Janelle Thompson
- Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore; Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore.
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25
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Murphy AK, Salazar FV, Bonsato R, Uy G, Ebol AP, Boholst RP, Davis C, Frentiu FD, Bambrick H, Devine GJ, Hu W. Climate variability and Aedes vector indices in the southern Philippines: An empirical analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010478. [PMID: 35700164 PMCID: PMC9197058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Vector surveillance is an essential public health tool to aid in the prediction and prevention of mosquito borne diseases. This study compared spatial and temporal trends of vector surveillance indices for Aedes vectors in the southern Philippines, and assessed potential links between vector indices and climate factors.
Methods
We analysed routinely collected larval and pupal surveillance data from residential areas of 14 cities and 51 municipalities during 2013–2018 (House, Container, Breteau and Pupal Indices), and used linear regression to explore potential relationships between vector indices and climate variables (minimum temperature, maximum temperature and precipitation).
Results
We found substantial spatial and temporal variation in monthly Aedes vector indices between cities during the study period, and no seasonal trend apparent. The House (HI), Container (CI) and Breteau (BI) Indices remained at comparable levels across most surveys (mean HI = 15, mean CI = 16, mean BI = 24), while the Pupal Productivity Index (PPI) was relatively lower in most months (usually below 5) except for two main peak periods (mean = 49 overall). A small proportion of locations recorded high values across all entomological indices in multiple surveys. Each of the vector indices were significantly correlated with one or more climate variables when matched to data from the same month or the previous 1 or 2 months, although the effect sizes were small. Significant associations were identified between minimum temperature and HI, CI and BI in the same month (R2 = 0.038, p = 0.007; R2 = 0.029, p = 0.018; and R2 = 0.034, p = 0.011, respectively), maximum temperature and PPI with a 2-month lag (R2 = 0.031, p = 0.032), and precipitation and HI in the same month (R2 = 0.023, p = 0.04).
Conclusions
Our findings indicated that larval and pupal surveillance indices were highly variable, were regularly above the threshold for triggering vector control responses, and that vector indices based on household surveys were weakly yet significantly correlated with city-level climate variables. We suggest that more detailed spatial and temporal analyses of entomological, climate, socio-environmental and Aedes-borne disease incidence data are necessary to ascertain the most effective use of entomological indices in guiding vector control responses, and reduction of human disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K. Murphy
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane Australia
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ferdinand V. Salazar
- Department of Medical Entomology, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM), Manila, The Philippines
| | - Ryan Bonsato
- Department of Medical Entomology, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM), Manila, The Philippines
| | - Gemma Uy
- Department of Health, Center for Health Development 10, Northern Mindanao, Cagaya de Oro, The Philippines
| | - Antonietta P. Ebol
- Department of Health, Center for Health Development 11, Davao City, Davao del Sur, The Philippines
| | - Royfrextopher P. Boholst
- Department of Health, Center for Health Development Soccskargen Region, Cotabato City, The Philippines
| | - Callan Davis
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane Australia
| | - Francesca D. Frentiu
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Hilary Bambrick
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane Australia
| | - Gregor J. Devine
- Mosquito Control Laboratory, Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wenbiao Hu
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane Australia
- * E-mail:
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26
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Misbah S, Low VL, Mohd Rahim NF, Jaba R, Basari N, Ya'cob Z, Abu Bakar S. Mitochondrial Diversity of the Asian Tiger Mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Peninsular Malaysia. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:865-873. [PMID: 35178576 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is one of the main mosquito vectors responsible for transmitting arboviruses to humans and animals. The ability of this mosquito to support virus transmission has been linked to vector competence, which is partly attributed to the genetic disparities in Ae. albopictus population. At present, little is known about the biologically important traits of Ae. albopictus in Malaysia. Thus, the study aims to determine the genetic variation of Ae. albopictus based on the mitochondria-encoded sequences of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI). A statistical parsimony network of 253 taxa aligned as 321 characters of the COI gene revealed 42 haplotypes (H1-H42), of which H1 was the most widespread haplotype in Peninsular Malaysia. Three highly divergent haplotypes (H21, H30, and H31) were detected from the northern population. Overall, haplotype and nucleotide diversities were 0.576 and 0.003, respectively, with low genetic differentiation (FST = 0.039) and high gene flow (Nm = 12.21) across all populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Misbah
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Van Lun Low
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Farhana Mohd Rahim
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rizzuaeammie Jaba
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Norasmah Basari
- Biological Security and Sustainability (BioSES) Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Zubaidah Ya'cob
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sazaly Abu Bakar
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Tropical Infectious Diseases Research & Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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27
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Ten GIS-Based Solutions for Managing and Controlling COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak. SN COMPUTER SCIENCE 2022; 3:269. [PMID: 35531569 PMCID: PMC9069122 DOI: 10.1007/s42979-022-01150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused disastrous results in most countries of the world. It has rapidly spread across the globe with over 156 million cumulative confirmed cases and 3.264 million deaths to date, according to World Health Organization (WHO) Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. With these huge amounts of causalities in the world, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as a computer-based analyzer could help governments, experts, medical staff, and citizens to prevent and respond to the incidence. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic involves many unknown parameters where most of them have a spatial dimension. Thus, spatial analysis and GIS could provide appropriate decision-making tools, predictive models, statistical methods, and new technologies for COVID-19 outbreak control, also help the people for avoiding direct contact and preserving social distance. This article aims to review the most promising categories of GIS-based solutions in this domain. We divided the solutions into ten classes including spatio-temporal analysis, SDSS approaches, geo-business, context-aware recommendation systems, participatory GIS and volunteered geographic information (VGI), internet of things (IoT), location-based service (LBS), web mapping, satellite imagery-based analysis, and waste management. The main contribution of this paper is proposing different geospatial guidelines that could provide reliable and useful protocols for COVID-19 outbreak control to minimize causalities, restrict incidence, establish effective urban communication, provide new approaches for business in lockdown situations, telehealth treatment, patient monitoring, adaptive decision making, and visualize trend analysis.
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28
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Aedes aegypti Shows Increased Susceptibility to Zika Virus via Both In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Type II Diabetes. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040665. [PMID: 35458395 PMCID: PMC9024453 DOI: 10.3390/v14040665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic conditions like type II diabetes (T2DM) have long been known to exacerbate many infectious diseases. For many arboviruses, including Zika virus (ZIKV), severe outcomes, morbidity and mortality usually only occur in patients with such pre-existing conditions. However, the effects of T2DM and other pre-existing conditions on human blood (e.g., hypo/hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia) that may impact infectivity of arboviruses for vectors is largely unexplored. We investigated whether the susceptibility of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes was affected when the mosquitoes fed on “diabetic” bloodmeals, such as bloodmeals composed of artificially glycosylated erythrocytes or those from viremic, diabetic mice (LEPRDB/DB). Increasing glycosylation of erythrocytes from hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) values of 5.5–5.9 to 6.2 increased the infection rate of a Galveston, Texas strain of Ae. aegypti to ZIKV strain PRVABC59 at a bloodmeal titer of 4.14 log10 FFU/mL from 0.0 to 40.9 and 42.9%, respectively. ZIKV was present in the blood of viremic LEPRDB/DB mice at similar levels as isogenic control C57BL/6J mice (3.3 log10 FFU/mL and 3.6 log10 FFU/mL, respectively. When mice sustained a higher ZIKV viremia of 4.6 log10 FFU/mL, LEPRDB/DB mice infected 36.3% of mosquitoes while control C57BL/6J mice with a viremia of 4.2 log10 FFU/mL infected only 4.1%. Additionally, when highly susceptible Ae. aegypti Rockefeller mosquitoes fed on homozygous LEPRDB/DB, heterozygous LEPRWT/DB, and control C57BL/6J mice with viremias of ≈ 4 log10 FFU/mL, 54%, 15%, and 33% were infected, respectively. In total, these data suggest that the prevalence of T2DM in a population may have a significant impact on ZIKV transmission and indicates the need for further investigation of the impacts of pre-existing metabolic conditions on arbovirus transmission.
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Special Issue "Endemic Arboviruses". Viruses 2022; 14:v14030645. [PMID: 35337052 PMCID: PMC8955413 DOI: 10.3390/v14030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
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Leon F, Pinchon E, Mayran C, Daynès A, Morvan F, Molès JP, Cantaloube JF, Fournier-Wirth C. Magnetic Field-Enhanced Agglutination Readout Combined With Isothermal Reverse Transcription Recombinase Polymerase Amplification for Rapid and Sensitive Molecular Detection of Dengue Virus. Front Chem 2022; 9:817246. [PMID: 35141206 PMCID: PMC8819590 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.817246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the numerous molecular diagnostic methods, isothermal reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) is a simple method that has high sensitivity and avoids the use of expensive instruments. However, detection of amplified genomes often requires a fluorescence readout on costly readers or migration on a lateral flow strip with a subjective visual reading. Aiming to establish a new approach to rapidly and sensitively detect viruses, we combined RT-RPA with a magnetic field-enhanced agglutination (MFEA) assay and assessed the ability of this method to detect the dengue virus (DENV). Magnetization cycles accelerated the capture of amplified DENV genomes between functionalized magnetic nanoparticles by a fast chaining process to less than 5 min; the agglutination was quantified by simple turbidimetry. A total of 37 DENV RNA+ and 30 DENV RNA− samples were evaluated with this combined method. The sensitivity and specificity were 89.19% (95% CI, 72.75–100.00%) and 100% (95% CI, 81.74–100.00%), respectively. This approach provides a solution for developing innovative diagnostic assays for the molecular detection of emerging infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Leon
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Elena Pinchon
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Charly Mayran
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | | | - François Morvan
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Molès
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Cantaloube
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Chantal Fournier-Wirth
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, Montpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Chantal Fournier-Wirth,
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Huntington MK. Epidemics and Pandemics. Fam Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-54441-6_189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Derua YA, Tungu PK, Malima RC, Mwingira V, Kimambo AG, Batengana BM, Machafuko P, Sambu EZ, Mgaya YD, Kisinza WN. Laboratory and semi-field evaluation of the efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bactivec®) and Bacillus sphaericus (Griselesf®) for control of mosquito vectors in northeastern Tanzania. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PARASITOLOGY & VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES 2022; 2:100089. [PMID: 35664894 PMCID: PMC9157456 DOI: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2022.100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pharmaceutical systems and supply chain - a phenomenological study. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2021; 2:100037. [PMID: 34746915 PMCID: PMC8559533 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2021.100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resilient pharmaceutical systems and supply chains are critical in the control of COVID-19, a pandemic that has mostly devastated public health systems and livelihoods in resource-limited countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on pharmaceutical systems and supply chain in a resource-limited setting. Methods A descriptive qualitative survey using a phenomenological approach was conducted among key informants in the public and private pharmaceutical sectors of Namibia. Data were collected on the perceived impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the supply chain, as well as access and availability of essential medicines among the distributors and points of care in the private and public sectors. Qualitative themes of the impact were analyzed using Tesch's approach. Results Of the 21 key-informants, 57.1% were female and 85% were from the private versus the public pharmaceutical sector. Overall, key informants reported a negative impact on access and availability of essential medicines, particularly sanitation and hygiene products, and antimicrobials. Most medicine outlets, experienced longer lead times, attributed to reduced inter-country transportation of goods and services and limited in-country capacity and capabilities to manufacture. The main thematic challenges included bureaucratic bottlenecks and lack of emergency readiness of the medicine's logistics supply chain in Namibia. Conclusion COVID-19 pandemic aggravated the inequitable access to essential medicines in the public and private sectors of Namibia. Governments in resource-limited countries need to strengthen in-country Private-Public Partnerships as well as regional treaties for Universal Health Coverage in context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Rodríguez-Morales AJ, Bonilla-Aldana DK, Suárez JA, Franco-Paredes C, Forero-Peña DA, Mattar S, Villamil-Gómez WE, Ruíz-Sáenz J, Cardona-Ospina JA, Figuera ME, Sierra-Carrero LL, Risquez A, Cimerman S, Valero-Cedeño N, Cabrera M, Robaina-Barrios AJ, López-Díaz L, Barbella R, Navas RM, Díaz-Quijano F, Carrero Y, Pineda A, Brito MO, Savio-Larriera E, Martinez-Gutierrez M, Maquera-Afaray J, Solarte-Portilla MA, Hernández-Botero S, Contreras K, López MG, Henao-Martinez AF, Ortiz-Martinez Y, Chaves TDSS, Orduna T, Lepetic A, Macchi A, Verbanaz S, Perret C, Echazarreta S, Lloveras SC, Gallego V, Navarro JC, Paniz-Mondolfi A. Yellow fever reemergence in Venezuela - Implications for international travelers and Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Travel Med Infect Dis 2021; 44:102192. [PMID: 34751150 PMCID: PMC8553654 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso J Rodríguez-Morales
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Committe on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases (ACIN), Bogota, Colombia; Semillero de Zoonosis, Grupo de Investigación GISCA, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Emerging Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Group, Instituto para la Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas - Sci-Help, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Committe on Travel Medicine, Pan-American Association of Infectious Diseases (API), Panama City, Panama; Master of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru; Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
| | - D Katterine Bonilla-Aldana
- Committe on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases (ACIN), Bogota, Colombia; Semillero de Zoonosis, Grupo de Investigación GISCA, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Emerging Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Group, Instituto para la Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas - Sci-Help, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Semillero de Zoonosis, Grupo de Investigación GISCA, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Sede Pereira, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - José Antonio Suárez
- Committe on Travel Medicine, Pan-American Association of Infectious Diseases (API), Panama City, Panama; Investigador SNI Senacyt Panamá, Clinical Research Deparment, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panama City, Panama
| | - Carlos Franco-Paredes
- Committe on Travel Medicine, Pan-American Association of Infectious Diseases (API), Panama City, Panama; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA; Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, México City, Mexico
| | - David A Forero-Peña
- Biomedical Research and Therapeutic Vaccines Institute, Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela
| | - Salim Mattar
- Committe on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases (ACIN), Bogota, Colombia; Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas del Trópico, Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Wilmer E Villamil-Gómez
- Committe on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases (ACIN), Bogota, Colombia; Committe on Travel Medicine, Pan-American Association of Infectious Diseases (API), Panama City, Panama; Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Research Group, Hospital Universitario de Sincelejo, Sincelejo, Sucre, Colombia; Programa del Doctorado de Medicina Tropical, SUE Caribe, Universidad del Atlántico, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Julián Ruíz-Sáenz
- Committe on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases (ACIN), Bogota, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Jaime A Cardona-Ospina
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Committe on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases (ACIN), Bogota, Colombia; Emerging Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Group, Instituto para la Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas - Sci-Help, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Committe on Travel Medicine, Pan-American Association of Infectious Diseases (API), Panama City, Panama; Semillero de Investigación en Infecciones Emergentes y Medicina Tropical, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia; Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia
| | | | - Leandro Luis Sierra-Carrero
- Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Division, Universidad del Norte and Hospital Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Risquez
- Committe on Travel Medicine, Pan-American Association of Infectious Diseases (API), Panama City, Panama; Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Sergio Cimerman
- Institute of Infectious Diseases Emilio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nereida Valero-Cedeño
- Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, Cantón Jipijapa, Ecuador
| | - Maritza Cabrera
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado (VRIP), Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile
| | - Andrea J Robaina-Barrios
- Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Caracas, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | | | - Rosa Barbella
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Castilla La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Rosa M Navas
- Health Care Service, International Airport Camilo Daza, Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - Fredi Díaz-Quijano
- Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maximo O Brito
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Marlen Martinez-Gutierrez
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales-GRICA, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Calle 30A #, 33-51, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Julio Maquera-Afaray
- Infectious Diseases Division, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja, Lima, Peru; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada de Tacna, Tacna, Peru
| | | | - Sebastián Hernández-Botero
- Coordination of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Manizales, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia; Grupo de Resistencia Antibiótica de Manizales (GRAM), Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Krisell Contreras
- Clínica San José, Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia; Hospital Universitario Erasmo Meoz, Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia
| | - Maria Graciela López
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de Niños J. M. de Los Ríos, Caracas, Venezuela; Executive Board, Venezuelan Society of Infectious Diseases, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Andrés F Henao-Martinez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yeimer Ortiz-Martinez
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Tânia do Socorro Souza Chaves
- Evandro Chagas Institute, Health of Ministry of Brazil, Belém, Pará, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil
| | - Tomas Orduna
- Hospital de Infecciosas F. Muñíz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Lepetic
- Clinical Research & Development and Medical Affairs for GSK Vaccines, Rio de Janeiro, 22783-110, Brazil
| | - Alejandra Macchi
- Hospital de Trauma y Emergencias Federico Abete, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Cecilia Perret
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Susana Cristina Lloveras
- Hospital de Infecciosas F. Muñíz, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana Gallego
- Panel of Sports and Travel, Latin American Society for Travel Medicine (SLAMVI), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan-Carlos Navarro
- Research Group of Emerging Diseases, Ecoepidemiology and Biodiversity, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Internacional SEK, Quito, Ecuador; Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
- Committe on Travel Medicine, Pan-American Association of Infectious Diseases (API), Panama City, Panama; Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Clínica IDB Cabudare, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IDB, Barquisimeto, 3023, Lara, Venezuela; Infectious Diseases Research Branch, Venezuelan Science Incubator and the Zoonosis and Emerging Pathogens Regional Collaborative Network, Cabudare, 3023, Lara, Venezuela; Laboratorio de Señalización Celular y Bioquímica de Parásitos, Instituto de Estudios Avanzados (IDEA), Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela; Academia Nacional de Medicina, Caracas, Venezuela; Direction of Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-based Medicine, The Mount Sinai Hospital-Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
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Ren N, Wang X, Liang M, Tian S, Ochieng C, Zhao L, Huang D, Xia Q, Yuan Z, Xia H. Characterization of a novel reassortment Tibet orbivirus isolated from Culicoides spp. in Yunnan, PR China. J Gen Virol 2021; 102. [PMID: 34494948 PMCID: PMC8567429 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Orbiviruses are arboviruses with 10 double-stranded linear RNA segments, and some have been identified as pathogens of dramatic epizootics in both wild and domestic ruminants. Tibet orbivirus (TIBOV) is a new orbivirus isolated from hematophagous insects in recent decades, and, currently, most of the strains have been isolated from insects in PR China, except for two from Japan. In this study, we isolated a novel reassortment TIBOV strain, YN15-283-01, from Culicoides spp. To identify and understand more characteristics of YN15-283-01, electrophoresis profiles of the viral genome, electron microscopic observations, plaque assays, growth curves in various cell lines, and bioinformatic analysis were conducted. The results indicated that YN15-283-01 replicated efficiently in mosquito cells, rodent cells and several primate cells. Furthermore, the maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees and simplot analysis of the 10 segments indicated that YN15-283-01 is a natural reassortment isolate that had emerged mainly from XZ0906 and SX-2017a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanjie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mengying Liang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical diseases,School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, PR China
| | - Christabel Ochieng
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Doudou Huang
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qianfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Control of Tropical diseases,School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, PR China
| | - Zhiming Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Han Xia
- Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Characteristics of patients coinfected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 and dengue virus, Lambayeque, Peru, May-August 2020: A retrospective analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis 2021; 43:102132. [PMID: 34186213 PMCID: PMC8234266 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2021.102132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Before the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) arrival and its pandemic, dengue was already a significant cause of epidemics in South East Asia and Latin America. In 2020 with their cocirculation, coinfections began to be observed and reported in different countries. As expected, this syndemic is evident in different areas and deserves proper characterisation and studies in Peru. Methods We retrospectively assessed the clinical, epidemiological, diagnostic characteristics and outcomes in a Social Security Hospital of Chiclayo, Lambayeque, Peru, of patients that were diagnosed simultaneously with COVID-19 and dengue during May–August 2020. Results A total of 50 patients with COVID-19/dengue coinfection were identified. Of them, 60% presented thrombocytopenia, and 52% fever, among other findings. The case fatality rate in this group was 28%, being higher in those patients initially classified as severe dengue (100%), as well as in females (55%) than males (21%) (OR = 4.65; 95%CI 1.18–18.45). Discussion Co-occurrence of COVID-19/Dengue is growing as a consequence of the syndemic of these viral diseases in endemic areas, such as Latin America, and as both conditions may evolve to severe disease, their epidemiological but clinical interaction in terms of outcomes need further assessment in future studies in the region.
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Chaves A, Piche-Ovares M, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Corrales-Aguilar E, Suzán G, Moreira-Soto A, Gutiérrez-Espeleta GA. Serosurvey of Nonhuman Primates in Costa Rica at the Human-Wildlife Interface Reveals High Exposure to Flaviviruses. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12060554. [PMID: 34203687 PMCID: PMC8232092 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The presence of flavivirus-specific antibodies in neotropical non-human primates (NPs) (i.e., dengue virus) is well known. However, it is unclear if dengue virus or other flaviviruses could be maintained in sylvatic cycles. We detected the presence of antibodies against dengue virus (DENV-1, DENV-2), Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), West Nile virus (WNV), and several undetermined flaviviruses in NPs in Costa Rica. Our work suggests continuous exposure of NPs to several flaviviruses in Costa Rica. These findings open the question of whether bidirectional transmission between humans and non-human primates can occur due to human encroachment into NP habitats, the movement of NP into urban settings, or bridging vectors. Abstract Arthropod-borne viruses belonging to the flavivirus genus possess an enormous relevance in public health. Neotropical non-human primates (NPs) have been proposed to be susceptible to flavivirus infections due to their arboreal and diurnal habits, their genetic similarity to humans, and their relative closeness to humans. However, the only known flavivirus in the American continent maintained by sylvatic cycles involving NPs is yellow fever virus (YFV), and NPs’ role as potential hosts of other flaviviruses is still unknown. Here, we examined flavivirus exposure in 86 serum samples including 83.7% samples from free-range and 16.3% from captive NPs living in flavivirus-endemic regions of Costa Rica. Serum samples were opportunistically collected throughout Costa Rica in 2000–2015. We used a highly specific micro-plaque reduction neutralization test (micro-PRNT) to determine the presence of antibodies against YFV, dengue virus 1–4 (DENV), Zika virus, West Nile virus (WNV), and Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV). We found evidence of seropositive NPs with homotypic reactivity to SLEV 11.6% (10/86), DENV 10.5% (9/86), and WNV 2.3% (2/86). Heterotypic reactivity was determined in 3.5% (3/86) of individuals against DENV, 1.2% (1/86) against SLEV, and 1.2% (1/86) against WNV. We found that 13.9% (12/86) of NPs were positive for an undetermined flavivirus species. No antibodies against DENV-3, DENV-4, YFV, or ZIKV were found. This work provides compelling serological evidence of flavivirus exposure in Costa Rican NPs, in particular to DENV, SLEV, and WNV. The range of years of sampling and the region from where positives were detected coincide with those in which peaks of DENV in human populations were registered, suggesting bidirectional exposure due to human–wildlife contact or bridging vectors. Our work suggests the continuous exposure of wildlife populations to various flaviviruses of public health importance and underscores the necessity of further surveillance of flaviviruses at the human–wildlife interface in Central America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Chaves
- School of Biology, University of Costa Rica, San José 11501-2060, Costa Rica;
- Department of Ethology, Wildlife and Laboratory Animals, School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad #3000, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
- Correspondence:
| | - Martha Piche-Ovares
- Virology-CIET (Center of Research in Tropical Diseases), University of Costa Rica, San José 2060-1000, Costa Rica; (M.P.-O.); (E.C.-A.); (A.M.-S.)
| | | | - Eugenia Corrales-Aguilar
- Virology-CIET (Center of Research in Tropical Diseases), University of Costa Rica, San José 2060-1000, Costa Rica; (M.P.-O.); (E.C.-A.); (A.M.-S.)
| | - Gerardo Suzán
- Department of Ethology, Wildlife and Laboratory Animals, School of Veterinary and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad Universitaria, Av. Universidad #3000, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Andres Moreira-Soto
- Virology-CIET (Center of Research in Tropical Diseases), University of Costa Rica, San José 2060-1000, Costa Rica; (M.P.-O.); (E.C.-A.); (A.M.-S.)
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10098 Berlin, Germany
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Álvarez-Díaz DA, Valencia-Álvarez E, Rivera JA, Rengifo AC, Usme-Ciro JA, Peláez-Carvajal D, Lozano-Jiménez YY, Torres-Fernández O. An updated RT-qPCR assay for the simultaneous detection and quantification of chikungunya, dengue and zika viruses. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2021; 93:104967. [PMID: 34116240 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-qPCR) has become a leading technique for the detection and quantification of arboviruses, including Chikungunya, Dengue, and Zika viruses. In this study, an updated real-time RT-qPCR assay was designed and evaluated together with a synthetic positive-control chimeric RNA for the simultaneous detection and quantification of Chikungunya, Dengue, and Zika viruses. Amplification assays were performed to verify the construct integrity and optimal reaction/thermal cycling conditions. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was determined for each virus in single and multiplex reactions, as well as the performance in the detection and viral load quantification of experimental samples. The real-time RT-qPCR assay presented here allowed for the simultaneous detection and quantification of Chikungunya, Dengue, and Zika viruses and could be applied in several studies where the accurate quantification of viral genomes is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alejandro Álvarez-Díaz
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia; Grupo de Genómica de Microorganismos Emergentes, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia; Doctorado en Ciencias Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia.
| | - Emmanuel Valencia-Álvarez
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia; Programa de Biología, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá D.C. 111711, Colombia
| | - Jorge Alonso Rivera
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia
| | - Aura Caterine Rengifo
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia; Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia
| | - José Aldemar Usme-Ciro
- Centro de Investigación en Salud para el Trópico-CIST, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Santa Marta, 470003, Colombia
| | - Dioselina Peláez-Carvajal
- Grupo de Virología, Dirección de Redes en Salud Pública, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia
| | | | - Orlando Torres-Fernández
- Grupo de Morfología Celular, Dirección de Investigación en Salud Pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá D.C. 111321, Colombia
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Fall FK, Laroche M, Bossin H, Musso D, Parola P. Performance of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry to Determine the Sex of Mosquitoes and Identify Specific Colonies from French Polynesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 104:1907-1916. [PMID: 33755583 PMCID: PMC8103438 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are the main arthropod vectors of human pathogens. The current methods for mosquito identification include morphological and molecular methods. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), now routinely used for bacterial identification, has recently emerged in the field of entomology. The aim of this study was to use MALDI-TOF MS to identify mosquito colonies from French Polynesia. Five hundred specimens from French Polynesia belonging to three species, Aedes aegypti, Aedes polynesiensis, and Culex quinquefasciatus, were included in the study. Testing the legs of these mosquitoes by MALDI-TOF MS revealed a 100% correct identification of all specimens at the species level. The MALDI-TOF MS profiles obtained allowed differentiation of male from female mosquitoes and the specific identification of female mosquito colonies of the same species but different geographic origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatou Kiné Fall
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France;,IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;,Campus International IRD-UCAD de l’IRD, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Maureen Laroche
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France;,IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Bossin
- Medical Entomology Laboratory, Institut Louis Malardé, Tahiti, French Polynesia
| | - Didier Musso
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France;,SELAS Eurofins Labazur Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana
| | - Philippe Parola
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France;,IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;,Address correspondence to Philippe Parola, VITROME, IHU Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Blvd., Jean Moulin, Marseille 13005, France. E-mail:
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Leon F, Pinchon E, Temurok N, Morvan F, Vasseur JJ, Clot M, Foulongne V, Cantaloube JF, Vande Perre P, Molès JP, Daynès A, Fournier-Wirth C. Diagnostic Performance of a Magnetic Field-Enhanced Agglutination Readout in Detecting Either Viral Genomes or Host Antibodies in Arbovirus Infection. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040674. [PMID: 33805173 PMCID: PMC8064388 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbovirus diagnostics on blood from donors and travelers returning from endemic areas is increasingly important for better patient management and epidemiological surveillance. We developed a flexible approach based on a magnetic field-enhanced agglutination (MFEA) readout to detect either genomes or host-derived antibodies. Dengue viruses (DENVs) were selected as models. For genome detection, a pan-flavivirus amplification was performed before capture of biotinylated amplicons between magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) grafted with DENV probes and anti-biotin antibodies. Magnetization cycles accelerated this chaining process to within 5 min while simple turbidimetry measured the signal. This molecular MFEA readout was evaluated on 43 DENV RNA(+) and 32 DENV RNA(−) samples previously screened by real-time RT-PCR. The sensitivity and the specificity were 88.37% (95% CI, 78.76%–97.95%) and 96.87% (95% CI, 90.84%–100%), respectively. For anti-DENV antibody detection, 103 plasma samples from donors were first screened using ELISA assays. An immunological MFEA readout was then performed by adding MNPs grafted with viral antigens to the samples. Anti-DENV antibodies were detected with a sensitivity and specificity of 90.62% (95% CI, 83.50%–97.76%) and 97.44% (95% CI, 92.48%–100%), respectively. This adaptable approach offers flexibility to platforms dedicated to the screening of emerging infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Leon
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Elena Pinchon
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Nevzat Temurok
- HORIBA Medical, 34184 Montpellier, France; (N.T.); (M.C.); (A.D.)
| | - François Morvan
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (F.M.); (J.-J.V.)
| | - Jean-Jacques Vasseur
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (F.M.); (J.-J.V.)
| | - Martine Clot
- HORIBA Medical, 34184 Montpellier, France; (N.T.); (M.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Jean-François Cantaloube
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Philippe Vande Perre
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Molès
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
| | - Aurélien Daynès
- HORIBA Medical, 34184 Montpellier, France; (N.T.); (M.C.); (A.D.)
| | - Chantal Fournier-Wirth
- Pathogénèse et Contrôle des Infections Chroniques et Emergentes, Université de Montpellier, Etablissement Français du Sang, Inserm, Université des Antilles, 34184 Montpellier, France; (F.L.); (E.P.); (V.F.); (J.-F.C.); (P.V.P.); (J.-P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-467616457
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Craig AT, Kama N, Fafale G, Bugoro H. Citizen science as a tool for arboviral vector surveillance in a resourced-constrained setting: results of a pilot study in Honiara, Solomon Islands, 2019. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:509. [PMID: 33726697 PMCID: PMC7962342 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10493-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent arboviral disease outbreaks highlight the value a better understanding of the spread of disease-carrying mosquitoes across spatial-temporal scales can provide. Traditional surveillance tools are limited by jurisdictional boundaries, workforce constraints, logistics, and cost; factors that in low- and middle-income countries often conspire to undermine public health protection efforts. To overcome these, we undertake a pilot study designed to explore if citizen science provides a feasible strategy for arboviral vector surveillance in small developing Pacific island contexts. Methods We recruited, trained, and equipped community volunteers to trap and type mosquitos within their household settings, and to report count data to a central authority by short-message-service. Mosquito catches were independently assessed to measure participants’ mosquito identification accuracy. Other data were collected to measure the frequency and stability of reporting, and volunteers’ experiences. Results Participants collected data for 78.3% of the study period, and agreement between the volunteer citizen scientists’ and the reviewing entomologist’s mosquito identification was 94%. Opportunity to contribute to a project of social benefit, the chance to learn new skills, and the frequency of engagement with project staff were prime motivators for participation. Unstable electricity supply (required to run the trap’s fan), insufficient personal finances (to buy electricity and phone credit), and inconvenience were identified as barriers to sustained participation. Conclusions While there are challenges to address, our findings suggest that citizen science offers an opportunity to overcome the human resource constraints that conspire to limit health authorities’ capacity to monitor arboviral vectors across populations. We note that the success of citizen science-based surveillance is dependent on the appropriate selection of equipment and participants, and the quality of engagement and support provided. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10493-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Craig
- University of New South Wales (Sydney), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nathan Kama
- Vector-borne Disease Unit, Solomon Islands Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | - George Fafale
- Environmental Health Unit, Honiara City Council, Honiara, Solomon Islands
| | - Hugo Bugoro
- Solomon Islands National University, Honiara, Solomon Islands.
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Böszörményi K, Hirsch J, Kiemenyi Kayere G, Fagrouch Z, Heijmans N, Rodriguez Garcia R, Dwarka S, van Dijke A, Aaldijk B, Limpens R, Barcena M, Koster B, Verstrepen B, Bogers W, Kocken C, Cornellissen G, Verschoor E, Faber B. A Bacterially-Expressed Recombinant Envelope Protein from Usutu Virus Induces Neutralizing Antibodies in Rabbits. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9020157. [PMID: 33669414 PMCID: PMC7920429 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recently, an emerging flavivirus, Usutu virus (USUV), has caused an epidemic among birds in Europe, resulting in a massive die-off in Eurasian blackbirds. Currently found only in Europe and Africa, it can be envisioned that Usutu virus will follow the path of other flaviviruses, like West Nile virus and Zika virus, and will spread via its mosquito vectors and bird hosts to other parts of the world. Several cases of human infections by Usutu virus have already been published. Anticipating this spread, development of an efficacious vaccine would be highly desirable. Method: This study describes the production in E. coli, purification, and refolding of a partial USUV envelope protein. Prior to immunization, the protein was characterized using size exclusion chromatography, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering, showing the limited presence of virus-like structures, indicating that the protein solution is probably a mixture of mono and multimeric envelope proteins. Results: Immunizations of two rabbits with the refolded E-protein fraction, mixed with a strong adjuvant, resulted in the generation of neutralizing antibodies, as evidenced in an in vitro assay. Discussion: The way forward towards a subunit vaccine against Usutu virus infection is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Böszörményi
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (G.K.K.); (Z.F.); (B.V.); (W.B.); (E.V.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.); (B.F.); Tel.: +31-152842500 (K.B. & B.F.)
| | - Janet Hirsch
- Department of Biotechnology, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Ulmenliet 20, 21033 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (G.C.)
| | - Gwendoline Kiemenyi Kayere
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (G.K.K.); (Z.F.); (B.V.); (W.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Zahra Fagrouch
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (G.K.K.); (Z.F.); (B.V.); (W.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Nicole Heijmans
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (N.H.); (R.R.G.); (S.D.); (A.v.D.); (B.A.); (C.K.)
| | - Roberto Rodriguez Garcia
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (N.H.); (R.R.G.); (S.D.); (A.v.D.); (B.A.); (C.K.)
| | - Soesjiel Dwarka
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (N.H.); (R.R.G.); (S.D.); (A.v.D.); (B.A.); (C.K.)
| | - Amy van Dijke
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (N.H.); (R.R.G.); (S.D.); (A.v.D.); (B.A.); (C.K.)
| | - Boyd Aaldijk
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (N.H.); (R.R.G.); (S.D.); (A.v.D.); (B.A.); (C.K.)
| | - Ronald Limpens
- Section Electron Microscopy, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.L.); (M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Montserrat Barcena
- Section Electron Microscopy, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.L.); (M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Bram Koster
- Section Electron Microscopy, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.L.); (M.B.); (B.K.)
| | - Babs Verstrepen
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (G.K.K.); (Z.F.); (B.V.); (W.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Willy Bogers
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (G.K.K.); (Z.F.); (B.V.); (W.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Clemens Kocken
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (N.H.); (R.R.G.); (S.D.); (A.v.D.); (B.A.); (C.K.)
| | - Gesine Cornellissen
- Department of Biotechnology, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, Ulmenliet 20, 21033 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (G.C.)
| | - Ernst Verschoor
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (G.K.K.); (Z.F.); (B.V.); (W.B.); (E.V.)
| | - Bart Faber
- Department of Parasitology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, The Netherlands; (N.H.); (R.R.G.); (S.D.); (A.v.D.); (B.A.); (C.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.B.); (B.F.); Tel.: +31-152842500 (K.B. & B.F.)
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Petrone ME, Earnest R, Lourenço J, Kraemer MUG, Paulino-Ramirez R, Grubaugh ND, Tapia L. Asynchronicity of endemic and emerging mosquito-borne disease outbreaks in the Dominican Republic. Nat Commun 2021; 12:151. [PMID: 33420058 PMCID: PMC7794562 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne viruses threaten the Caribbean due to the region's tropical climate and seasonal reception of international tourists. Outbreaks of chikungunya and Zika have demonstrated the rapidity with which these viruses can spread. Concurrently, dengue fever cases have climbed over the past decade. Sustainable disease control measures are urgently needed to quell virus transmission and prevent future outbreaks. Here, to improve upon current control methods, we analyze temporal and spatial patterns of chikungunya, Zika, and dengue outbreaks reported in the Dominican Republic between 2012 and 2018. The viruses that cause these outbreaks are transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, which are sensitive to seasonal climatological variability. We evaluate whether climate and the spatio-temporal dynamics of dengue outbreaks could explain patterns of emerging disease outbreaks. We find that emerging disease outbreaks were robust to the climatological and spatio-temporal constraints defining seasonal dengue outbreak dynamics, indicating that constant surveillance is required to prevent future health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Petrone
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
| | - Rebecca Earnest
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - José Lourenço
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Robert Paulino-Ramirez
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical & Salud Global, Universidad Iberoamericana, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Nathan D Grubaugh
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Leandro Tapia
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical & Salud Global, Universidad Iberoamericana, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
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Ryan SJ, Carlson CJ, Tesla B, Bonds MH, Ngonghala CN, Mordecai EA, Johnson LR, Murdock CC. Warming temperatures could expose more than 1.3 billion new people to Zika virus risk by 2050. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:84-93. [PMID: 33037740 PMCID: PMC7756632 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the aftermath of the 2015 pandemic of Zika virus (ZIKV), concerns over links between climate change and emerging arboviruses have become more pressing. Given the potential that much of the world might remain at risk from the virus, we used a previously established temperature-dependent transmission model for ZIKV to project climate change impacts on transmission suitability risk by mid-century (a generation into the future). Based on these model predictions, in the worst-case scenario, over 1.3 billion new people could face suitable transmission temperatures for ZIKV by 2050. The next generation will face substantially increased ZIKV transmission temperature suitability in North America and Europe, where naïve populations might be particularly vulnerable. Mitigating climate change even to moderate emissions scenarios could significantly reduce global expansion of climates suitable for ZIKV transmission, potentially protecting around 200 million people. Given these suitability risk projections, we suggest an increased priority on research establishing the immune history of vulnerable populations, modeling when and where the next ZIKV outbreak might occur, evaluating the efficacy of conventional and novel intervention measures, and increasing surveillance efforts to prevent further expansion of ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadie J. Ryan
- Department of GeographyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Emerging Pathogens InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurbanSouth Africa
| | | | - Blanka Tesla
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global DiseasesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Matthew H. Bonds
- Department of Global Health and Social MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Calistus N. Ngonghala
- Emerging Pathogens InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
- Department of MathematicsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA
| | | | - Leah R. Johnson
- Department of StatisticsVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA
- Computational Modeling and Data AnalyticsVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA
| | - Courtney C. Murdock
- Department of Infectious DiseasesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global DiseasesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Odum School of EcologyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Center for the Ecology of Infectious DiseasesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Center for Vaccines and ImmunologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Riverbasin CenterUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Department of EntomologyCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
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Huntington MK. Epidemics and Pandemics. Fam Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0779-3_189-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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González-Alcaide G, Llorente P, Ramos-Rincón JM. Systematic analysis of the scientific literature on population surveillance. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05141. [PMID: 33029562 PMCID: PMC7528878 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Population surveillance provides data on the health status of the population through continuous scrutiny of different indicators. Identifying risk factors is essential for the quickly detecting and controlling of epidemic outbreaks and reducing the incidence of cross-infections and non-communicable diseases. The objective of the present study is to analyze research on population surveillance, identifying the main topics of interest for investigators in the area. Methodology We included documents indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection in the period from 2000 to 2019 and assigned with the generic Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) “population surveillance” or its related terms (“public health surveillance,” “sentinel surveillance” or “biosurveillance”). A co-occurrence analysis was undertaken to identify the document clusters comprising the main research topics. Scientific production, collaboration, and citation patterns in each of the clusters were characterized bibliometrically. We also analyzed research on coronaviruses, relating the results obtained to the management of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results We included 39,184 documents, which reflected a steady growth in scientific output driven by papers on “Public, Environmental & Occupational Health” (21.62% of the documents) and “Infectious Diseases” (10.49%). Research activity was concentrated in North America (36.41%) and Europe (32.09%). The USA led research in the area (40.14% of documents). Ten topic clusters were identified, including “Disease Outbreaks,” which is closely related to two other clusters (“Genetics” and “Influenza”). Other clusters of note were “Cross Infections” as well as one that brought together general public health concepts and topics related to non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular and coronary diseases, mental diseases, diabetes, wound and injuries, stroke, and asthma). The rest of the clusters addressed “Neoplasms,” “HIV,” “Pregnancy,” “Substance Abuse/Obesity,” and “Tuberculosis.” Although research on coronavirus has focused on population surveillance only occasionally, some papers have analyzed and collated guidelines whose relevance to the dissemination and management of the COVID-19 pandemic has become obvious. Topics include tracing the spread of the virus, limiting mass gatherings that would facilitate its propagation, and the imposition of quarantines. There were important differences in the scientific production and citation of different clusters: the documents on mental illnesses, stroke, substance abuse/obesity, and cross-infections had much higher citations than the clusters on disease outbreaks, tuberculosis, and especially coronavirus, where these values are substantially lower. Conclusions The role of population surveillance should be strengthened, promoting research and the development of public health surveillance systems in countries whose contribution to the area is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Llorente
- Denia Public Health Center, Conselleria de Sanitat i Salut Publica, Alicante, Spain.,Defence Institute of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Defence, Madrid, Spain
| | - José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón
- Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital of Alicante, Alicante, Spain.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, Alicante, Spain
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Wimberly MC, Davis JK, Evans MV, Hess A, Newberry PM, Solano-Asamoah N, Murdock CC. Land cover affects microclimate and temperature suitability for arbovirus transmission in an urban landscape. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008614. [PMID: 32956355 PMCID: PMC7529312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of mosquito-transmitted viruses poses a global threat to human health. Combining mechanistic epidemiological models based on temperature-trait relationships with climatological data is a powerful technique for environmental risk assessment. However, a limitation of this approach is that the local microclimates experienced by mosquitoes can differ substantially from macroclimate measurements, particularly in heterogeneous urban environments. To address this scaling mismatch, we modeled spatial variation in microclimate temperatures and the thermal potential for dengue transmission by Aedes albopictus across an urban-to-rural gradient in Athens-Clarke County GA. Microclimate data were collected across gradients of tree cover and impervious surface cover. We developed statistical models to predict daily minimum and maximum microclimate temperatures using coarse-resolution gridded macroclimate data (4000 m) and high-resolution land cover data (30 m). The resulting high-resolution microclimate maps were integrated with temperature-dependent mosquito abundance and vectorial capacity models to generate monthly predictions for the summer and early fall of 2018. The highest vectorial capacities were predicted for patches of trees in urban areas with high cover of impervious surfaces. Vectorial capacity was most sensitive to tree cover during the summer and became more sensitive to impervious surfaces in the early fall. Predictions from the same models using temperature data from a local meteorological station consistently over-predicted vectorial capacity compared to the microclimate-based estimates. This work demonstrates that it is feasible to model variation in mosquito microenvironments across an urban-to-rural gradient using satellite Earth observations. Epidemiological models applied to the microclimate maps revealed localized patterns of temperature suitability for disease transmission that would not be detectable using macroclimate data. Incorporating microclimate data into disease transmission models has the potential to yield more spatially precise and ecologically interpretable metrics of mosquito-borne disease transmission risk in urban landscapes. Predicting the effects of temperature on mosquito abundance and arbovirus transmission cycles is essential for mapping hot spots of disease risk and projecting responses to climate change. In urban landscapes, the built environment and natural features create distinctive environments. Buildings and roads generate warmer conditions through the urban heat island effect, while vegetation can have a cooling effect because of shading and evaporative heat loss. We used land cover data to map microclimate temperature in Athens-Clarke County, GA and applied a temperature-dependent vectorial capacity model to predict the effects of microclimate on dengue transmission by Aedes albopictus. The highest vectorial capacity was predicted in patches of trees located in the urbanized portion of the study area. These locations had relatively warm nighttime and cool daytime temperature, which kept temperatures close to the optimum for disease transmission. This work demonstrates the feasibility of predicting variation in mosquito microenvironments in urban landscapes using satellite Earth observations. Incorporating microclimate data into disease transmission models has the potential to yield more spatially precise and ecologically interpretable metrics of mosquito-borne disease transmission risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Wimberly
- Department of Geography and Environmental Suitability, University of Oklahoma, Norman Oklahoma, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MCW); (CCM)
| | - Justin K. Davis
- Department of Geography and Environmental Suitability, University of Oklahoma, Norman Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Michelle V. Evans
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Andrea Hess
- Department of Geography and Environmental Suitability, University of Oklahoma, Norman Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Philip M. Newberry
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Nicole Solano-Asamoah
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Courtney C. Murdock
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Tropical Global and Emerging Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- River Basin Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MCW); (CCM)
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Abundant and Diverse RNA Viruses in Insects Revealed by RNA-Seq Analysis: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications. mSystems 2020; 5:5/4/e00039-20. [PMID: 32636338 PMCID: PMC7343303 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00039-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing data indicate that insects serve as major reservoirs and vectors of viruses, which account for the continuously increasing ecological burden and infectious disease outbreaks. Uncovering the hidden diversity of viruses in insects will further the understanding of the ecological and evolutionary perspectives in the emergence of insect-associated virus diseases. In this study, we queried transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) data from more than 600 species across 32 insect orders dwelling in different ecological habitats and recovered more than 1,213 RNA viruses that were recapitulated in 40 families, 2 unclassified genera, and many unspecified viral groups. These novel viruses included the well-known insect-associated viruses within Flaviviridae, Picornavirales, Bunyavirales, Mononegavirales, Nidovirales, Reoviridae, and Negevirus More appeared to form novel clusters within previously described taxa or could be resolved as paraphyletic, including the first astrovirus identified in insects, in which many were sufficiently divergent to warrant the establishment of new virus genera or families. Additionally, some viruses were closely related to the recognized plant-, fungus-, and vertebrate-specific species, implying the importance of relationships between insect behavior and virus spread. Comparative genome analyses also revealed high genomic variability with respect to the flexible gene pool and genome architecture of these newly described viruses, including the evidence for genome reshuffling first discovered in Dicistroviridae The data reflecting the genetically and ecologically diverse viral populations in insects greatly expand our understanding of RNA viruses in nature and highlight that the biodiversity of RNA viruses remains largely unexplored.IMPORTANCE Insects comprise the largest proportion of animals on earth and are frequently implicated in the transmission of vector-borne diseases. However, considerable attention has been paid to the phytophagous and hematophagous insects, with results that provide insufficient and biased information about the viruses in insects. Here, we have delivered compelling evidence for the exceptional abundance and genetic diversity of RNA viruses in a wide range of insects. Novel viruses were found to cover major categories of RNA viruses, and many formed novel clusters divergent from the previously described taxa, dramatically broadening the range of known RNA viruses in insects. These newly characterized RNA viruses exhibited high levels of genomic plasticity in genome size, open reading frame (ORF) number, intergenic structure, and gene rearrangement and segmentation. This work provides comprehensive insight into the origin, spread, and evolution of RNA viruses. Of course, a large-scale virome project involving more organisms would provide more-detailed information about the virus infections in insects.
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Investigation of Japanese encephalitis virus as a cause of acute encephalitis in southern Pakistan, April 2015-January 2018. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234584. [PMID: 32530966 PMCID: PMC7292402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Japanese encephalitis (JE) occurs in fewer than 1% of JE virus (JEV) infections, often with catastrophic sequelae including death and neuropsychiatric disability. JEV transmission in Pakistan was documented in 1980s and 1990s, but recent evidence is lacking. Our objective was to investigate JEV as a cause of acute encephalitis in Pakistan. Methods Persons aged ≥1 month with possible JE admitted to two acute care hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan from April 2015 to January 2018 were enrolled. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum samples were tested for JEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) using the InBios JE DetectTM assay. Positive or equivocal samples had confirmatory testing using plaque reduction neutralization tests. Results Among 227 patients, testing was performed on CSF in 174 (77%) and on serum in 53 (23%) patients. Six of eight patient samples positive or equivocal for JEV IgM had sufficient volume for confirmatory testing. One patient had evidence of recent West Nile virus (WNV) neurologic infection based on CSF testing. One patient each had recent dengue virus (DENV) infection and WNV infection based on serum results. Recent flavivirus infections were identified in two persons, one each based on CSF and serum results. Specific flaviviruses could not be identified due to serologic cross-reactivity. For the sixth person, JEV neutralizing antibodies were confirmed in CSF but there was insufficient volume for further testing. Conclusions Hospital-based JE surveillance in Karachi, Pakistan could not confirm or exclude local JEV transmission. Nonetheless, Pakistan remains at risk for JE due to presence of the mosquito vector, amplifying hosts, and rice irrigation. Laboratory surveillance for JE should continue among persons with acute encephalitis. However, in view of serological cross-reactivity, confirmatory testing of JE IgM positive samples at a reference laboratory is essential.
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Serological Diagnosis of Flavivirus-Associated Human Infections. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10050302. [PMID: 32423058 PMCID: PMC7277941 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10050302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) belonging to the Flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family, are a major public health threat in tropical and subtropical regions, and have recently become a medical concern in temperate zones. Most flaviviruses are classified as zoonotic viruses. Human flavivirus infections can be asymptomatic, responsible for unspecific symptoms in the first few days following infection, or responsible for severe complications potentially resulting in death. During the first days following symptom onset, laboratory diagnosis of acute human flavivirus infection is mainly based on molecular detection of the viral genome by RT-PCR methods, followed by the capture of specific antibodies using serological tests after the first week of infection. The detection of antibodies that have virus neutralizing activity can be used to confirm flavivirus infection. However, human flavivirus infections induce the production of cross-reactive antibodies, often making serology inconclusive. Indeed, serological diagnosis of flavivirus infection can be hampered by a patient’s history of flavivirus exposure, particularly in regions where multiple antigenically related flaviviruses co-circulate. We focus our mini review on conventional immunoassays that allow the diagnosis of major flavivirus-associated human infections in basic, routine and high-profile central health centers; and the interpretation of diagnostic serology tests for patients living within different epidemiological situations.
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