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Muthuramalingam P, Jeyasri R, Varadharajan V, Priya A, Dhanapal AR, Shin H, Thiruvengadam M, Ramesh M, Krishnan M, Omosimua RO, Sathyaseelan DD, Venkidasamy B. Network pharmacology: an efficient but underutilized approach in oral, head and neck cancer therapy-a review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1410942. [PMID: 39035991 PMCID: PMC11257993 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1410942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The application of network pharmacology (NP) has advanced our understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying diseases, including neck, head, and oral cancers, as well as thyroid carcinoma. This review aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of natural network pharmacology using compounds and traditional Chinese medicines for combating these malignancies. NP serves as a pivotal tool that provides a comprehensive view of the interactions among compounds, genes, and diseases, thereby contributing to the advancement of disease treatment and management. In parallel, this review discusses the significance of publicly accessible databases in the identification of oral, head, and neck cancer-specific genes. These databases, including those for head and neck oral cancer, head and neck cancer, oral cancer, and genomic variants of oral cancer, offer valuable insights into the genes, miRNAs, drugs, and genetic variations associated with these cancers. They serve as indispensable resources for researchers, clinicians, and drug developers, contributing to the pursuit of precision medicine and improved treatment of these challenging malignancies. In summary, advancements in NP could improve the globalization and modernization of traditional medicines and prognostic targets as well as aid in the development of innovative drugs. Furthermore, this review will be an eye-opener for researchers working on drug development from traditional medicines by applying NP approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandiyan Muthuramalingam
- Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendran Jeyasri
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India
| | | | - Arumugam Priya
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Anand Raj Dhanapal
- Chemistry and Bioprospecting Division, Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (IFGTB), Coimbatore, India
| | - Hyunsuk Shin
- Division of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Muthu Thiruvengadam
- Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Science, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Manikandan Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India
| | - Murugesan Krishnan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | | | - Divyan Devasir Sathyaseelan
- Department of General Surgery, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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2
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Mallika L, Rajarathinam M, Thangavel S. Cancer stem cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its associated markers: A review. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2024; 67:250-258. [PMID: 38394427 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_467_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Evidences of the current research say that cancer is multifactorial with varied mechanisms of origin. Most theories evolve either intrinsic (genetic) or extrinsic factors like tobacco and alcoholism as the major cause of oral cancer in India. There is growing evidence that human papilloma virus may act as a co-carcinogen, along with tobacco, in the causation of cancers. The cells being triggered by the agents may be somatic (differentiated functional cell) or a normal stem cell with multipotency or even the transient proliferative cells derived from the stem cells. These stem cells possess several features like slow cell cycle, ability to extrude chemotherapeutic drugs, exhibit epithelial mesenchymal transition, and inhibit apoptosis. Targeting these progenitor stem cells may aid in improving the overall prognosis of the patient. These cancer stem cells are targeted using various markers that are apparently more or less specific to various types of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Mallika
- Department of Microbiology, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mani Rajarathinam
- Dean, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundararajan Thangavel
- Associate Professor and Principal Investigator, Viral Research Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Government Mohan Kumaramangalam Medical College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Mallick S, Choi Y, Taylor AM, Cosper PF. Human Papillomavirus-Induced Chromosomal Instability and Aneuploidy in Squamous Cell Cancers. Viruses 2024; 16:501. [PMID: 38675844 PMCID: PMC11053578 DOI: 10.3390/v16040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) and aneuploidy are hallmarks of cancer. CIN is defined as a continuous rate of chromosome missegregation events over the course of multiple cell divisions. CIN causes aneuploidy, a state of abnormal chromosome content differing from a multiple of the haploid. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-known cause of squamous cancers of the oropharynx, cervix, and anus. The HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes have well-known roles in carcinogenesis, but additional genomic events, such as CIN and aneuploidy, are often required for tumor formation. HPV+ squamous cancers have an increased frequency of specific types of CIN, including polar chromosomes. CIN leads to chromosome gains and losses (aneuploidies) specific to HPV+ cancers, which are distinct from HPV- cancers. HPV-specific CIN and aneuploidy may have implications for prognosis and therapeutic response and may provide insight into novel therapeutic vulnerabilities. Here, we review HPV-specific types of CIN and patterns of aneuploidy in squamous cancers, as well as how this impacts patient prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samyukta Mallick
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology at the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Integrated Program in Cellular, Molecular, and Biomedical Studies, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yeseo Choi
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Alison M. Taylor
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology at the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Pippa F. Cosper
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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4
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Sarubo M, Mouri Y, Moromizato A, Yamada A, Jin S, Shao W, Hagita H, Miyoshi K, Kudo Y. Involvement of TGFBI-TAGLN axis in cancer stem cell property of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6767. [PMID: 38514830 PMCID: PMC10957997 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57478-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant healthcare burden globally. Previous research using single-cell transcriptome analysis identified TGFBI as a crucial marker for the partial-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (partial-EMT) program. However, the precise role of TGFBI in HNSCC progression remains unclear. Therefore, our study aimed to clarify the impact of TGFBI on the malignant behavior of HNSCC cells. Through RNA-sequencing data from the TCGA database, we validated that increased TGFBI expression correlates with a higher occurrence of lymph node metastasis and unfavorable prognosis in HNSCC cases. Functional experiments demonstrated that TGFBI overexpression enhances the ability of sphere formation, indicating stem-cell-like properties. Conversely, TGFBI depletion reduces sphere formation and suppresses the expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers. RNA-sequencing analysis of TGFBI-overexpressing and control HNSCC cells revealed TAGLN as a downstream effector mediating TGFBI-induced sphere formation. Remarkably, TAGLN depletion abolished TGFBI-induced sphere formation, while its overexpression rescued the suppressed sphere formation caused by TGFBI depletion. Moreover, elevated TAGLN expression showed correlations with the expression of TGFBI and partial-EMT-related genes in HNSCC cases. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TGFBI may promote CSC properties through the upregulation of TAGLN. These novel insights shed light on the involvement of the TGFBI-TAGLN axis in HNSCC progression and hold implications for the development of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoharu Sarubo
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mouri
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akira Moromizato
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Azusa Yamada
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shengjan Jin
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Wenhua Shao
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroko Hagita
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Keiko Miyoshi
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan.
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5
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Chen KM, Sun YW, Hu J, Balogh K, Gowda K, Aliaga C, Sun D, Christensen N, Amin S, El-Bayoumy K. Gender Difference in DNA Damage Induced by the Environmental Carcinogen Dibenzo[ def,p]chrysene Individually and in Combination with Mouse Papillomavirus Infection in the Mouse Oral Cavity. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8434-8438. [PMID: 38405470 PMCID: PMC10882652 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco smoking and human papillomavirus infection are established etiological agents in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The incidence and mortality of HNSCC are higher in men than women. To provide biochemical basis for sex differences, we tested the hypothesis that carcinogen treatment using dibenzo[def,p]chrysene, which is an environmental pollutant and tobacco smoke constituent, in the absence or presence of the mouse papillomavirus infection results in significantly higher levels of DNA damage in the oral cavity in male than in female mice. However, the results of the present investigation do not support our hypothesis since we found that females were more susceptible to carcinogen-induced covalent DNA damage than males independent of the viral infection. Since DNA damage represents only a single-step in the carcinogenesis process, additional factors may contribute to sex differences in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Chen
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United States
| | - Yuan-Wan Sun
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United States
| | - Jiafen Hu
- The
Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United States
- Department
of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United
States
| | - Karla Balogh
- The
Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United States
| | - Krishne Gowda
- Department
of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United
States
| | - Cesar Aliaga
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United States
| | - Dongxiao Sun
- Department
of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United
States
| | - Neil Christensen
- The
Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United States
- Department
of Pathology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United
States
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department
of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United
States
| | - Karam El-Bayoumy
- Department
of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033-2360, United States
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Sharma S, Rai S, Misra D, Misra A, Sharma S, Sharma A, Prayasi MS. Human Urinary Metabolomics as Biomarkers in Tobacco Users: A Systematic Review. Contemp Clin Dent 2024; 15:3-9. [PMID: 38707674 PMCID: PMC11068250 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_23_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim Urine as a biofluid has been rarely used as a diagnostic fluid in oral diseases. The article aims to systematically review the utility of human urinary carcinogen metabolites as an approach for obtaining important information about tobacco and cancer. Materials and Methods The following article reviews the use of urine and its metabolites as biomarkers in various lesions of the oral cavity including oral squamous cell carcinoma and as a screening method in evaluating tobacco and its components. A bibliographic comprehensive search was carried out in the main databases: PUBMED, SciELO, Google Scholar, VHL, and LILACS for articles that were published from 1985 to 2020. The inclusion criteria were "urinary metabolites," "oral cancer/HNSCC," "body fluids," "tobacco," and "metabolomics." A total of 55 articles were collected which included laboratory studies, systematic reviews, and literature of urinary metabolites in tobacco users. Results Most of the studies carried out show accurate results with high sensitivity of urinary metabolite biomarkers in individuals with tobacco-based habits and lesions caused by them. Conclusion The review indicates that urinary metabolite analysis demonstrates its applicability for the diagnosis and prognosis of disease. Urine is a remarkable and useful biofluid for routine testing and provides an excellent resource for the discovery of novel biomarkers, with an advantage over tissue biopsy samples due to the ease and less invasive nature of collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somya Sharma
- Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shalu Rai
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepankar Misra
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akansha Misra
- Department of Oral Pathology, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shalini Sharma
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anusuya Sharma
- Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Singh Prayasi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Studies and Technologies, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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7
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Daniels K, Chanda A, Berry L, Edke A, Patel P, Wun A, Krisciunas GP. A Survey of Manual Therapy Techniques and Protocols Used to Prevent or Treat Dysphagia in Head and Neck Cancer Patients During and after Radiation Therapy. GLOBAL ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE AND HEALTH 2024; 13:27536130241263349. [PMID: 38903482 PMCID: PMC11189010 DOI: 10.1177/27536130241263349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Background Authoritative research demonstrating efficacy of traditional dysphagia therapy for Head & Neck Cancer (HNC) patients is limited. A 2019 survey reported speech-language-pathologists (SLPs) have started using Manual Therapy (MT) to prevent or rehabilitate dysphagia in HNC patients. This application of MT is supported theoretically but no research has established efficacy. Further, specific contents of MT protocols employed in this setting remain unknown. Objectives In the absence of HNC dysphagia specific MT protocols, this study aimed to better understand MT protocols employed by SLPs to prevent and treat dysphagia in HNC patients during and after Radiation Therapy (RT). Methods An internet-based questionnaire for SLPs who use MT with HNC patients was developed and tested for face/content validity. It was sent to SLPs practicing in the USA, twice, through three national listservs (ASHA-SIG13, ASHA-SIG3, University of Iowa Voiceserv). Results Of 64 respondents, 44 completed the survey. Of the 44, 15(34%) provided proactive MT during RT, 37(84%) provided proactive MT after RT (to prevent dysphagia), and 44(100%) provided reactive MT after RT (to treat dysphagia). 40(91%) were trained in MT through a CE course and 25(57%) had HNC-specific MT training. The most common MT techniques were laryngeal manipulation (LM) and myofascial release (MFR). During RT, MT protocols are gentler and highly tailored, with simple home programs of mild intensity. After RT, protocols are more regimented and aggressive, but still highly customized, with more diverse home programs of at least moderate intensity. Conclusion MT for HNC patients lacks a standard protocol or approach, but MFR and LM, or components of those techniques, are used most frequently. Given the frequency with which MFR and LM are employed to treat dysphagia during and post-RT, and the lack of empirical evidence supporting or refuting their use, a collaboratively designed RCT is warranted to establish the safety and efficacy of MT for HNC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadesh Daniels
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, AU/UGA Medical Partnership Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Anindita Chanda
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Internal Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Lucas Berry
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arpita Edke
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Parth Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andy Wun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gintas P. Krisciunas
- Department of Otolaryngology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Na'ara S, Subramaniam N, Deganello A, Shinnawi S, Billan S, Mattavelli D, Ferrari M, Balasubramanian D, Thankappan K, Iyer S, Gil Z. Primary Tumor Staging for Oral Cancer and a Proposed Modification Incorporating Perineural Invasion: An International Multicenter Study. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300162. [PMID: 37415540 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to determine if the incorporation of perineural invasion (PNI) into the T-classification would improve the prognostic performance of TNM-8. An international, multicenter study of 1049 patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma that were treated from 1994 to 2018 is performed. Various classification models are developed within each T-category and evaluated using the Harrel-concordance index (C-index), Akaike-information criterion (AIC), and visual inspection. Stratification into distinct prognostic categories, with internal validation, is performed using bootstrapping analysis (SPSS and R-software). Through multivariate analysis, PNI is significantly associated with disease-specific survival (p < 0.001). PNI integration into the staging system results in a significantly improved model compared with the current T category alone (lower AIC, p < 0.001). The PNI-integrated model is superior in predicting differential outcomes between T3 and T4 patients. A new model for T-classification of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma is proposed, which is based on incorporating PNI into the staging system. These data can be used for future evaluations of the TNM staging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shorook Na'ara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Head and Neck Center, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Narayana Subramaniam
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, India
| | - Alberto Deganello
- Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Department of IRCCS National Cancer Institute (INT), Milan, 20133, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hematology-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Shadi Shinnawi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Head and Neck Center, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Salem Billan
- Oncology Department, The Head and Neck Center, Rambam Healthcare Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Davide Mattavelli
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, 25123, Italy
| | - Deepak Balasubramanian
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, India
| | - Krishnakumar Thankappan
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, India
| | - Subramania Iyer
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, India
| | - Ziv Gil
- Head and Neck Center, Holy Family Hospital, Nazareth, 1641100, Israel
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9
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Goswami PR, Singh G. Perineural Invasion (PNI) Definition, Histopathological Parameters of PNI in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Molecular Insight and Prognostic Significance. Cureus 2023; 15:e40165. [PMID: 37431326 PMCID: PMC10329772 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.40165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is associated with severe morbidity, recurrence of tumor, and reduced survival rate despite advances in treatment. Perineural invasion (PNI) is associated with neurotropic malignancy. PNI is due to the tropism of cancer cells toward nerve bundles in tissue. The aim of this literature review is to study the definition, patterns of PNI, Prognostic and therapeutic significance, and mechanism of PNI along with a molecular insight into oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Liebig type A pattern defines PNI as the presence of tumor cells within the peripheral nerve sheath & infiltration into the epineurium, perineurium, or endoneurium. Liebig type B pattern defines PNI as a tumor encircling at least 33% of a nerve. Few studies demonstrated an association between PNI and cervical metastasis which indicate poor prognosis. A higher level of expression of nerve growth factor and tyrosine kinase is associated with PNI in OSCC which can be considered as a biomarker of PNI. PNI needs to be studied in detail as it is associated with the aggressiveness of the tumor and decreased survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth R Goswami
- Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Rajkot, IND
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot, Rajkot, IND
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10
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Wenhua S, Tsunematsu T, Umeda M, Tawara H, Fujiwara N, Mouri Y, Arakaki R, Ishimaru N, Kudo Y. Cancer cell-derived novel periostin isoform promotes invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:8510-8525. [PMID: 36691359 PMCID: PMC10134278 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
It recently has been reported that partial-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (p-EMT) program is associated with metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We previously have identified POSTN (which encodes periostin) as an invasion-promoting molecule in HNSCC. Interestingly, POSTN expression is frequently observed in cancer cells with higher p-EMT score by using a previous single-cell transcriptomic data of HNSCC cases. Although it is known that POSTN has 11 splicing variants, the role of them has not been determined in HNSCC. Here, we found that HNSCC cells with EMT features expressed POSTN isoforms, Iso3 (lacking exon 17 and 21) and Iso5 (lacking exon 17), whereas fibroblast expressed Iso3 and Iso4 (lacking exon 17, 18, and 21). The expression of POSTN Iso3 and Iso4 are known to be widely observed in various cell types including stromal cells. Therefore, we focused on the role of novel cancer cell-derived POSTN isoform, Iso5, in HNSCC. Single overexpression of POSTN Iso5 as well as Iso3 promoted invasion. Surprisingly, Iso5 synergistically promoted invasion together with Iso3. Notably, Iso5 as well as Iso3 upregulated p-EMT-related genes. We suggest that a novel cancer-specific POSTN isoform lacking exon 17 (Iso5) can be a useful marker for detecting cancer cells undergoing p-EMT. Moreover, a POSTN Iso5 can be a novel target for diagnosis and therapy in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Wenhua
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tsunematsu
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masaaki Umeda
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tawara
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Natsumi Fujiwara
- Department of Oral Healthcare Promotion, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Mouri
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Rieko Arakaki
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Bioscience, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
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11
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Fasaludeen A, Kumar RR, Rafi M, Nazeer F, Prakasan AM, Kumar N, George P, Ramadas K, Thommachan KC. Outcomes of organ preservation treatment in advanced laryngeal carcinoma: A retrospective analysis from a single institution. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 18:1. [PMID: 36545209 PMCID: PMC9756020 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemoradiation is the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced laryngeal carcinoma with intact cartilage and functional larynx. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients with locally advanced (stage III and stage IV) squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx who have been treated with definitive radical radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy in a tertiary cancer center in India between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2015. Data were collected using structured proforma. The patients were treated with RT alone, induction chemotherapy (IC) followed by RT, concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) or IC followed by CCRT. Response assessment was conducted at 3-4 months post-treatment. Patient-, tumor- and treatment-related factors were documented and were associated with DFS and OS. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the statistical significance of survival curves was assessed using the log-rank test. Prognostic factors were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. A total of 630 patients were included in the present study. The most common age group at presentation was 50-70 years (n=477; 75.7%) and 95.4% (n=601) patients were male. The most common stage at presentation was stage III (n=367, 58.1%). The median follow-up period for the entire group of was 59 months (range, 2-175 months). A complete response after treatment was seen in 549 patients (87.1%). Salvage surgery was performed for 11 patients with residual disease. A total of 134 patients (21.3%) had developed locoregional and distant relapses, and salvage surgery was performed for 31 out of 102 patients with locoregional relapse. The 5-year OS was 48.7% and the 5-year DFS was 45.7%. The stage-wise OS rates were 58.9, 34.9 and 30.4% (P=0.001) and the stage-wise DFS rates were 56.3, 32.0 and 21.7 (P=0.001) for stage III, IVa and IVb, respectively. Results from the present study demonstrated the feasibility of delivery of chemoradiation protocols with good results in a developing country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsar Fasaludeen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | - Rejnish Ravi Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | - Malu Rafi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | - Farida Nazeer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | | | - Naveen Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | - Preethi George
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | - Kunnambath Ramadas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
| | - Kainickal Cessal Thommachan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India,Correspondence to: Dr Kainickal Cessal Thommachan, Department of Radiation Oncology, Regional Cancer Centre, Medical College Campus, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, India
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12
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Gonçalves M, Gsaxner C, Ferreira A, Li J, Puladi B, Kleesiek J, Egger J, Alves V. Radiomics in Head and Neck Cancer Outcome Predictions. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2733. [PMID: 36359576 PMCID: PMC9689406 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer has great regional anatomical complexity, as it can develop in different structures, exhibiting diverse tumour manifestations and high intratumoural heterogeneity, which is highly related to resistance to treatment, progression, the appearance of metastases, and tumour recurrences. Radiomics has the potential to address these obstacles by extracting quantitative, measurable, and extractable features from the region of interest in medical images. Medical imaging is a common source of information in clinical practice, presenting a potential alternative to biopsy, as it allows the extraction of a large number of features that, although not visible to the naked eye, may be relevant for tumour characterisation. Taking advantage of machine learning techniques, the set of features extracted when associated with biological parameters can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, and predictive accuracy valuable for clinical decision-making. Therefore, the main goal of this contribution was to determine to what extent the features extracted from Computed Tomography (CT) are related to cancer prognosis, namely Locoregional Recurrences (LRs), the development of Distant Metastases (DMs), and Overall Survival (OS). Through the set of tumour characteristics, predictive models were developed using machine learning techniques. The tumour was described by radiomic features, extracted from images, and by the clinical data of the patient. The performance of the models demonstrated that the most successful algorithm was XGBoost, and the inclusion of the patients' clinical data was an asset for cancer prognosis. Under these conditions, models were created that can reliably predict the LR, DM, and OS status, with the area under the ROC curve (AUC) values equal to 0.74, 0.84, and 0.91, respectively. In summary, the promising results obtained show the potential of radiomics, once the considered cancer prognosis can, in fact, be expressed through CT scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gonçalves
- Center Algoritmi, LASI, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Gsaxner
- Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - André Ferreira
- Center Algoritmi, LASI, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute for AI in Medicine (IKIM), University Medicine Essen (AöR), Girardetstraße 2, 45131 Essen, Germany
| | - Jianning Li
- Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute for AI in Medicine (IKIM), University Medicine Essen (AöR), Girardetstraße 2, 45131 Essen, Germany
| | - Behrus Puladi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jens Kleesiek
- Institute for AI in Medicine (IKIM), University Medicine Essen (AöR), Girardetstraße 2, 45131 Essen, Germany
- Cancer Research Center Cologne Essen (CCCE), University Medicine Essen (AöR), Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Egger
- Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology, Inffeldgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Institute for AI in Medicine (IKIM), University Medicine Essen (AöR), Girardetstraße 2, 45131 Essen, Germany
- Cancer Research Center Cologne Essen (CCCE), University Medicine Essen (AöR), Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Victor Alves
- Center Algoritmi, LASI, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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13
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Noto A, Piras C, Atzori L, Mussap M, Albera A, Albera R, Casani AP, Capobianco S, Fanos V. Metabolomics in Otorhinolaryngology. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:934311. [PMID: 36158568 PMCID: PMC9493185 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.934311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Otorhinolaryngology (Ear, Nose and Throat-ENT) focuses on inflammatory, immunological, infectious, and neoplastic disorders of the head and neck and on their medical and surgical therapy. The fields of interest of this discipline are the ear, the nose and its paranasal sinuses, the oral cavity, the pharynx, the larynx, and the neck. Besides surgery, there are many other diagnostic aspects of ENT such as audiology and Vestibology, laryngology, phoniatrics, and rhinology. A new advanced technology, named metabolomics, is significantly impacting the field of ENT. All the “omics” sciences, such as genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, converge at the level of metabolomics, which is considered the integration of all “omics.” Its application will change the way several of ENT disorders are diagnosed and treated. This review highlights the power of metabolomics, including its pitfalls and promise, and several of its most relevant applications in ENT to provide a basic understanding of the metabolites associated with these districts. In particular, the attention has been focused on different heterogeneous diseases, from head and neck cancer to allergic rhinitis, hearing loss, obstructive sleep apnea, noise trauma, sinusitis, and Meniere’s disease. In conclusion, metabolomics study indicates a “fil rouge” that links these pathologies to improve three aspects of patient care: diagnostics, prognostics, and therapeutics, which in one word is defined as precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Noto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cristina Piras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Atzori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Michele Mussap
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Albera
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Albera
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Augusto Pietro Casani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Pathology, Otorhinolaryngology Section, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Augusto Pietro Casani,
| | - Silvia Capobianco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Pathology, Otorhinolaryngology Section, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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14
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Mojdami ZD, Barbour A, Oveisi M, Sun C, Fine N, Saha S, Marks C, Elebyary O, Watson E, Tenenbaum H, Azarpazhooh A, Glogauer M. The Effect of Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy to the Head and Neck Region on the Oral Innate Immune Response and Oral Microbiome: A Prospective Cohort Study of Head and Neck Tumour Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179594. [PMID: 36076990 PMCID: PMC9456060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), form a significant component of the innate host response, and the consequence of the interaction between the oral microbiota and PMNs is a crucial determinant of oral health status. The impact of radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck tumour (HNT) treatment on the oral innate immune system, neutrophils in particular, and the oral microbiome has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize RT-mediated changes in oral neutrophils (oPMNs) and the oral microbiome in patients undergoing RT to treat HNTs. Oral rinse samples were collected prior to, during and post-RT from HNT patients receiving RT at Dental Oncology at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre. The oPMNs counts and activation states were analysed using flow cytometry, and the oral microbiome was analysed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) drops in oPMN counts and the activation states of the CD11b, CD16, CD18, CD64 and H3Cit markers from pre-RT to post-RT were observed. Moreover, exposure to RT caused a significant reduction in the relative abundance of commensal Gram-negative bacteria and increased the commensal Gram-positive microbes. Ionizing radiation for the treatment of HNTs simultaneously decreased the recruitment of oPMNs into the oral cavity and suppressed their activation state. The oral microbiome composition post-RT was altered significantly due to RT which may favour the colonization of specific microbial communities unfavourable for the long-term development of a balanced oral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Dorna Mojdami
- Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics Clinic, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
| | - Abdelahhad Barbour
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Morvarid Oveisi
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
| | - Chunxiang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
| | - Noah Fine
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
| | - Sourav Saha
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
| | - Cara Marks
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
| | - Omnia Elebyary
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
| | - Erin Watson
- Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics Clinic, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
| | - Howard Tenenbaum
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Amir Azarpazhooh
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics Clinic, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C1, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X3, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (M.G.)
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15
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Zhang S, Jin K, Li T, Zhou M, Yang W. Comprehensive analysis of INHBA: A biomarker for anti-TGFβ treatment in head and neck cancer. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1317-1329. [PMID: 35521936 PMCID: PMC9442453 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221085203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibin subunit βA (INHBA) is a protein-coding gene belonging to the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily, which is associated with the development of a variety of cancers. However, the role of INHBA in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remains unclear. The expression profile and prognostic significance of INHBA in HNSC were assessed using a variety of informatics methods. The level of INHBA expression was significantly higher in patients with HNSC, and it was correlated with sex, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, histological grade, and human papillomavirus (HPV) status. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis indicated that poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly associated with INHBA upregulation in HNSC. INHBA overexpression was validated as an independent poor prognostic factor by multivariate Cox regression, and including INHBA expression level in the prognostic model could increase prediction accuracy. In addition, copy number alterations (CNAs) of INHBA and miR-217-5p downregulation are potential mechanisms for elevated INHBA expression in HNSC. In conclusion, INHBA may represent a promising predictive biomarker and candidate target for anti-TGFβ therapy in HNSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Keyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianle Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Maolin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenbin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases,
National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medical Affairs, West China Hospital of
Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China,Wenbin Yang.
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16
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Evaluation Criteria for Chromosome Instability Detection by FISH to Predict Malignant Progression in Premalignant Glottic Laryngeal Lesions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133260. [PMID: 35805032 PMCID: PMC9265082 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The definition of objective, clinically applicable evaluation criteria for FISH 1c/7c in laryngeal precursor lesions for the detection of chromosome instability (CI). Copy Number Variations (CNV) for chromosomes 1 and 7 reflect the general ploidy status of premalignant head and neck lesions and can therefore be used as a marker for CI. Methods: We performed dual-target FISH for chromosomes 1 and 7 centromeres on 4 µm formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 87 laryngeal premalignancies to detect CNVs. Thirty-five normal head and neck squamous cell samples were used as a control. First, the chromosome 7:1 ratio (CR) was evaluated per lesion. The normal range of CRs (≥0.84 ≤ 1.16) was based on the mean CR +/− 3 x SD found in the normal population. Second, the percentage of aberrant nuclei, harboring > 2 chromosomes of chromosome 1 and/or 7 (PAN), was established (cut-off value for abnormal PAN ≥ 10%). Results: PAN showed a stronger correlation with malignant progression than CR (resp. OR 5.6, p = 0.001 and OR 3.8, p = 0.009). PAN combined with histopathology resulted in a prognostic model with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.75 (s.e. 0.061, sensitivity 71%, specificity 70%). Conclusions: evaluation criteria for FISH 1c/7c based on PAN ≥ 10% provide the best prognostic information on the risk of malignant progression of premalignant laryngeal lesions as compared with criteria based on the CR. FISH 1c/7c detection can be applied in combination with histopathological assessment.
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17
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Hou Y, Zhou M, Li Y, Tian T, Sun X, Chen M, Xu W, Lu M. Risk SNP-mediated LINC01614 upregulation drives head and neck squamous cell carcinoma progression via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:797-811. [PMID: 35687049 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the tumorigenesis of various tumors. Genetic variation in long noncoding regions can lead to lncRNA dysfunction and even cancer. Nevertheless, studies on the association between lncRNA-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain inadequate. Here, we aimed to explore the association between SNPs in LINC01614 and HNSCC risk, and the potential role of LINC01614 in tumorigenesis. In this study, we found that rs16854802 A > G (odds ratio [OR] = 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-1.77, p < 0.001) and rs3113503 G > C (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.15-1.64, p < 0.001) in LINC01614 increased the risk of HNSCC in the Chinese population. Functional bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assay revealed that rs3113503 G > C variant disrupted the binding of miRNA-616-3p to LINC01614, which resulted in the increased expression of LINC01614. Further analysis of the TCGA database demonstrated that the upregulated LINC01614 in HNSCC cancer tissues was associated with poor prognostic in HNSCC patients. In vitro experiments showed that knockdown of LINC01614 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration ability of HNSCC cells. Mechanistically, allele C of rs3113503 in LINC01614 was more effective than allele G in activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Moreover, the reduced expression of LINC01614 also inhibited the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In summary, our findings revealed that the risk SNP rs3113503 G > C in LINC01614 altered the binding to miR-616-3p, which led to increased LINC01614 expression and promoted HNSCC progression by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuncheng Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Guidance Center for Social Psychological Service, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenmao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Public Health, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Meixia Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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18
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Cao Y, Ye D, Shen Z, Li Z, Li Q, Rong H. The Expression Profile, Clinical Application and Potential Tumor Suppressing Mechanism of hsa_circ_0001675 in Head and Neck Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:769666. [PMID: 35600372 PMCID: PMC9121769 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.769666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study sought to identify circular RNAs (circRNA) that participate in the regulation of head and neck cancer (HNC), analyze their clinical application, and predict their molecular mechanism during HNC. Materials and Methods High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze circRNA expression in 18 matched HNC and adjacent normal tissues. Target circRNAs with significantly differential expression were obtained. In 103 HNC and adjacent normal tissues, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the differential expression of target circRNAs. This data was combined with clinicopathological information to analyze the diagnostic value of target circRNA. Bioinformatics was used to find target circRNAs that acted as competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and construct a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. mRNA expression was verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results A total of 714 differentially expressed circRNAs were detected in HNC, and the low expression of hsa_circ_0001675 was particularly significant (fold change [FC] = -4.85, P = 6.305E-05). hsa_circ_0001675 had significantly lower expression in HNC than in normal tissue (P < 0.01). Low hsa_circ_0001675 expression was positively associated with tumor invasion and clinical staging (P < 0.05), and its area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.7776. Low hsa_circ_0001675 expression also correlated with the overall survival (OS) rate and the progression-free survival (PFS) rate of HNC patients (P < 0.001). Bioinformatics was used to construct a ceRNA network of hsa_circ_0001675 with six differentially expressed miRNAs (hsa-miR-330-5p, hsa-miR-498, hsa-miR-532-3p, hsa-miR-577, hsa-miR-1248, and hsa-miR-1305) and 411 differentially expressed mRNAs and found that the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, and the cAMP and calcium signaling pathways were particularly enriched. Further bioinformatics and IHC analysis showed that miR577/TESC is the likely downstream signaling pathway for hsa_circ_0001675. Conclusion This study showed that hsa_circ_0001675 is downregulated in HNC and could be an effective biomarker for HNC diagnosis. In addition, hsa_circ_0001675 may have a potential ceRNA mechanism and suppress HNC disease progression through the hsa_circ_0001675-miRNA-mRNA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital , Ningbo, China
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Dong Ye
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital , Ningbo, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital , Ningbo, China
- *Correspondence: Zhisen Shen, ; Zan Li,
| | - Zan Li
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medical, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhisen Shen, ; Zan Li,
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital , Ningbo, China
| | - Hao Rong
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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19
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Jalili S, Ghasemi Shayan R. A Comprehensive Evaluation of Health-Related Life Quality Assessment Through Head and Neck, Prostate, Breast, Lung, and Skin Cancer in Adults. Front Public Health 2022; 10:789456. [PMID: 35493355 PMCID: PMC9051448 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.789456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Health assessment data assists the well-being and patient care teams' process in drawing up a care and assistance plan and comprehending the requirements of the patient. Comprehensive and precise data about the Quality of Life of cancer patients play a significant part in the development and organization of cancer patient care. Quality of Life has been used to mean a variety of various things, such as health situation, physical function, symptoms, psychosocial modification, well-being, enjoyment of life, and happiness. Chronic diseases such as cancer are among the disorders that severely affect people's health and consequently their Quality of Life. Cancer patients experience a range of symptoms, including pain and various physical and mental conditions that negatively affect their Quality of Life. In this article, we examined cancer and the impact that this disease can have on the Quality of Life of cancer patients. The cancers examined in this article include head and neck, prostate, breast, lung, and skin cancers. We also discussed health assessment and the importance and purpose of studying patients' Quality of Life, especially cancer patients. The various signs and symptoms of the disease that affect the Quality of Life of patients were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Jalili
- Department of Surgical Technology, Islamic Azad University of Sarab, Sarab, Iran
| | - Ramin Ghasemi Shayan
- Department of Radiology, Paramedical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Bommanavar S, Kanetkar SR, Datkhile KD, More AL. Membrane-organizing extension spike protein and its role as an emerging biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2022; 26:82-86. [PMID: 35571321 PMCID: PMC9106235 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_182_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most malignant tumor worldwide with a relatively poor prognosis. This can be due to lack of using new specific biomarkers as a mode of pristine interventional therapy for detecting the lesions at an early stage, thereby not allowing it to proceed to a severe advanced stage. Biomarkers, being the products of malignant cells, can prove to be promising prognostic factors in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of oral cancer. One such biomarker is membrane-organizing extension spike protein (MOESIN). Belonging to the family of ezrin/radixin/MOESIN proteins, MOESIN acts as a structural linker between plasma membrane and actin filament of the cell moiety and is involved in regulating many fundamental cellular processes such as cell morphology, adhesion and motility. This narrative review is a systematic compilation on MOESIN and its role as an emerging biomarker in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Bommanavar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, School of Dental Sciences, KIMSDU, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujata R Kanetkar
- Department of Pathology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kailas D Datkhile
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, KIMSDU, Karad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashwini L More
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, KIMSDU, Karad, Maharashtra, India
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21
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Sun Z, Sun X, Chen Z, Du J, Wu Y. Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Risk Factors, Molecular Alterations, Immunology and Peptide Vaccines. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021; 28:19. [PMID: 34903958 PMCID: PMC8653808 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) arises from the epithelial lining of the oral cavity, hypopharynx, oropharynx, and larynx. There are several potential risk factors that cause the generation of HNSCC, including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, betel quid chewing, inadequate nutrition, poor oral hygiene, HPV and Epstein–Barr virus, and Candida albicans infections. HNSCC has causative links to both environmental factors and genetic mutations, with the latter playing a more critical role in cancer progression. These molecular changes to epithelial cells include the inactivation of cancer suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes overexpression, resulting in tumour cell proliferation and distant metastasis. HNSCC patients have impaired dendritic cell (DC) and natural killer (NK) cell functions, increased production of higher immune-suppressive molecules, loss of regulatory T cells and co-stimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ι molecules, lower number of lymphocyte subsets, and a poor response to antigen-presenting cells. At present, the standard treatment modalities for HNSCC patients include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and combinatorial therapy. Despite advances in the development of novel treatment modalities over the last few decades, survival rates of HNSCC patients have not increased. To establish effective immunotherapies, a greater understanding of interactions between the immune system and HNSCC is required, and there is a particular need to develop novel therapeutic options. A therapeutic cancer vaccine has been proposed as a promising method to improve outcome by inducing a powerful adaptive immune response that leads to cancer cell elimination. Compared with other vaccines, peptide cancer vaccines are more robust and specific. In the past few years, there have been remarkable achievements in peptide-based vaccines for HNSCC patients. Here, we summarize the latest molecular alterations in HNSCC, explore the immune response to HNSCC, and discuss the latest developments in peptide-based cancer vaccine strategies. This review highlights areas for valuable future research focusing on peptide-based cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Gaoxin Branch of Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000 China
| | - Zhanwei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
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22
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Ben Arie G, Shafat T, Belochitski O, El-Saied S, Joshua BZ. Treatment Modality and Second Primary Tumors of the Head and Neck. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2021; 83:420-427. [PMID: 34587611 DOI: 10.1159/000513617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Second primary tumors (SPTs) in head and neck cancer are thought to occur from premalignant lesions that are present at the time of the primary tumor diagnosis. The association of the modality used to treat the primary lesion with SPT occurrence is not clear. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of SPTs in patients with head and neck malignancies, according to treatment modality. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study. All patients who were treated at Soroka Medical Center between 2000 and 2013 for a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were assessed. Data analysis included tumor site of the primary and second primary and treatment modality of the primary tumor. In addition, demographics as well as habits were recorded as well. RESULTS Of the 184 patients included in the cohort, SPT developed in 31 patients (17%) with a median time to diagnosis of 4.3 years. Smoking was reported in 74% of those with SPT and 78% of those without. The most common site for SPT was the lungs, with 13 cases, 42% of the total SPTs. Among patients who developed an SPT, for 12 of those with an index tumor in the oral cavity or oro-hypopharynx, 8 (67%) developed an SPT in the same location; for 18 of those with an index tumor in the larynx, 11 (61%) developed a SPT in the lungs and bronchi (p = 0.001). On multivariate analysis, the treatment modality used was not found to be associated with the occurrence of SPTs and the radiotherapy showed no protective or harmful effect (HR 0.64 p = 0.24). CONCLUSION Treatment modality used for head and neck cancer does not seem to be associated with the occurrence of SPTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Ben Arie
- Department of Medical Imaging, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer- Sheva, Israel
| | - Tali Shafat
- Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Olga Belochitski
- Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sabri El-Saied
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ben-Zion Joshua
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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23
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Wang Z, Goto Y, Allevato MM, Wu VH, Saddawi-Konefka R, Gilardi M, Alvarado D, Yung BS, O'Farrell A, Molinolo AA, Duvvuri U, Grandis JR, Califano JA, Cohen EEW, Gutkind JS. Disruption of the HER3-PI3K-mTOR oncogenic signaling axis and PD-1 blockade as a multimodal precision immunotherapy in head and neck cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2383. [PMID: 33888713 PMCID: PMC8062674 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment, but <20% of patients achieve durable responses. Persistent activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling circuitry represents a key oncogenic driver in HNSCC; however, the potential immunosuppressive effects of PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors may limit the benefit of their combination with ICB. Here we employ an unbiased kinome-wide siRNA screen to reveal that HER3, is essential for the proliferation of most HNSCC cells that do not harbor PIK3CA mutations. Indeed, we find that persistent tyrosine phosphorylation of HER3 and PI3K recruitment underlies aberrant PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in PIK3CA wild type HNSCCs. Remarkably, antibody-mediated HER3 blockade exerts a potent anti-tumor effect by suppressing HER3-PI3K-AKT-mTOR oncogenic signaling and concomitantly reversing the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment. Ultimately, we show that HER3 inhibition and PD-1 blockade may provide a multimodal precision immunotherapeutic approach for PIK3CA wild type HNSCC, aimed at achieving durable cancer remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyong Wang
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yusuke Goto
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael M Allevato
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Victoria H Wu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Saddawi-Konefka
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - Mara Gilardi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Bryan S Yung
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Aoife O'Farrell
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alfredo A Molinolo
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Umamaheswar Duvvuri
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joseph A Califano
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, UC San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ezra E W Cohen
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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24
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Biological information and functional analysis reveal the role of discoidin domain receptor 1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 131:221-230. [PMID: 33309038 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to establish a framework for the role of discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through biological data and functional analysis. STUDY DESIGN The GSE31056 series of the Gene Expression Omnibus database and UALCAN website were used to assess DDR1 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and OSCC. DDR1 RNA sequencing data for 260 HNSCC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas were overlaid to evaluate its association with tumor progression and prognosis. To identify the function of DDR1 in OSCC, 38 patients with OSCC were followed for 8 years and immunohistochemical analysis, western blotting, Cell Counting Kit-8, and colony formation assays were conducted on OSCC cell lines to reveal DDR1 expression and function. RESULTS DDR1 was overexpressed in HNSCC and OSCC tumor specimens and its expression correlated with overall survival and T-stage classification (P = .049, P = .0316). Furthermore, DDR1 was related to OSCC tumor growth because its expression increased with the T-stage level (P = .0071) but not N-stage level, histologic stage, or recurrence (P > .05). DDR1 was highly expressed in OSCC cell lines and promoted cell proliferation, which was repressed by nilotinib (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS DDR1 has an oncogenic role in OSCC and might be a novel target for anti-OSCC therapy.
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25
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Correlation between Imunnoexpression P53 and Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) with Grading of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS BIOMATERIALS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2020. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.48.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer account for 30% of all malignant tumors in the head and neck, more than 90% of these cancers are squamous cell carcinoma. The p53 tumor suppressor gene known as "the guardian of the genome" has a major function in cell cycle control and act as a main defense against cancer, the occurrence of genomic instability causes inactivation and mutation of p53, which related to the progression of cancer cells and poor prognosis for patients. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), a catalytic protein subunit of the complex telomerase enzyme, prevents telomere erosion during DNA replication, thus allowing cells to escape the aging cell step. The relationship between hTERT and malignant transformation is around 90%, the detection of hTERT is associated with malignancy that leads to a worse prognosis which increases immortality or continuous growth in cancer cells. This study was conducted with retrospective cross sectional using immunohistochemical p53 and hTERT smear in 30 paraffin blocks of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, held at the Anatomical Pathology Department of Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. P53 and hTERT immunoexpression were correlated with histopathological grading of squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity (SCC) and statistically analyzed with Rank Spearman correlation with significance of p<0.05 (95%) and Kendall Coefficient of Concordance with significance of p <0.05% (95%). The results showed a significant positive correlation between p53 immunoexpression with histopathological grading (rs=0.497, p-value = 0.005), between hTERT immunoexpression and histopathological grading (rs=0.441, p-value=0.015), and between p53 and immunoexpression hTERT with histopathological grading (W=0.568, p-value=3.99E-08) Conclusion: the higher p53 and/or hTERT immunoexpression, the higher or worse the level of histopathological grading of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (poorly differentiated).
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26
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Liu H, Chen X, Yang X, Li M, Zhang W, Zhang G, Zhan X, Cao L, Li W, Huang Z, Gao R. Involvement of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in the heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K-driven inhibition of proliferation and migration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:394. [PMID: 33193854 PMCID: PMC7656118 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormal upregulation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) expression levels were reported to be involved in the progression of various types of cancer. Therefore, it is hypothesized that hnRNP K may serve as a useful diagnostic marker and antitumor target; however, only a few studies to date have investigated the exact role of hnRNP K in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the potential downstream signaling pathway involved. The present study aimed to identify the roles of hnRNP K in the proliferation and migration of HNSCC, and the possible signaling pathways hnRNP K may be associated with in HNSCC. hnRNP K expression levels in clinical HNSCC samples were analyzed using the Oncomine and UALCAN databases, and its association with the survival of patients with HNSCC was analyzed using the tumor-immune system interactions database. Short hairpin RNA targeting hnRNP K was transfected into the CAL-27 cell line to establish HNSCC cells with stable hnRNP K-knockdown. Cell viability was analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and an absolute count assay, and cell proliferation was measured using 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation and colony formation assays. Migratory ability of cells was analyzed using wound healing assay and transwell assay. The growth of xenografts derived from hnRNP K-knockdown cells was also evaluated, and bioinformatics analyses were performed using the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia for Genes and Genomes databases to determine the possible downstream signaling pathways of hnRNP K. Furthermore, the status of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in hnRNP K-knockdown cells mediated by small interfering RNA was determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting. The results revealed that the expression levels of hnRNP K were upregulated in HNSCC cell lines and tissues. Moreover, the upregulation of hnRNP K expression levels was associated with poor survival of patients with HNSCC. The knockdown of hnRNP K also decreased HNSCC cell proliferation and migration, and inhibited tumor growth in nude mice. Bioinformatics analyses identified the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway as a possible downstream signaling pathway of hnRNP K. Knockdown of hnRNP K significantly downregulated the expression levels of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway-related proteins; while with knockdown of hnRNP K and overexpression of β-Catenin, the expression levels of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway-related proteins were partially rescued. In conclusion, the present findings indicated that hnRNP K may serve as a candidate diagnostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Xingjiu Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Xiangwen Zhan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Lin Cao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Weisha Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Ran Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
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27
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Babiker AY, Almatroodi SA, Almatroudi A, Alrumaihi F, Abdalaziz MS, Alsahli MA, Husain Rahmani A. Clinicopathological significance of VEGF and pAkt expressions in oral squamous cell carcinoma. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1815595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Yousif Babiker
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histopathology and Cytology, College of Medical Laboratories Science, University of Sciences and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Abdalaziz
- Department of Histopathology and Cytology, College of Medical Laboratories Science, University of Sciences and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Reis RSD, Santos JAD, Abreu PMD, Dettogni RS, Santos EDVWD, Stur E, Agostini LP, Anders QS, Alves LNR, Valle IBD, Lima MA, Souza ED, Podestá JRV, Zeidler SVV, Cordeiro-Silva MDF, Louro ID. Hypermethylation status of DAPK, MGMT and RUNX3 in HPV negative oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20190334. [PMID: 32870234 PMCID: PMC7452731 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity and oropharynx is the sixth most common type of cancer in the world. During tumorigenesis, gene promoter hypermethylation is considered an important mechanism of transcription silencing of tumor suppressor genes, such as DAPK, MGMT and RUNX3. These genes participate in signaling pathways related to apoptosis, DNA repair and proliferation whose loss of expression is possibly associated with cancer development and progression. In order to investigate associations between hypermethylation and clinicopathological and prognostic parameters, promoter methylation was evaluated in 72 HPV negative oral and oropharyngeal tumors using methylation-specific PCR. Hypermethylation frequencies found for DAPK, MGMT and RUNX3 were 38.88%, 19.44% and 1.38% respectively. Patients with MGMT hypermethylation had a better 2-year overall survival compared to patients without methylation. Being MGMT a repair gene for alkylating agents, it could be a biomarker of treatment response for patients who are candidates for cisplatin chemotherapy, predicting drug resistance. In view of the considerable levels of hypermethylation in cancer cells and, for MGMT, its prognostic relevance, DAPK and MGMT show potential as epigenetic markers, in a way that additional studies may test its viability and efficacy in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Silva Dos Reis
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Aflávio Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Priscila Marinho de Abreu
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Patologia Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Raquel Spinassé Dettogni
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Elaine Stur
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Pignaton Agostini
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Quézia Silva Anders
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Lyvia Neves Rebello Alves
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Isabella Bittencourt do Valle
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Patologia Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Marília Arantes Lima
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Patologia Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Evandro Duccini Souza
- Hospital Santa Rita de Cássia - SESA, Programa de Prevenção e Detecção Precoce do Câncer Bucal, Setor de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Vasconcelos Podestá
- Hospital Santa Rita de Cássia - SESA, Programa de Prevenção e Detecção Precoce do Câncer Bucal, Setor de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Sandra Ventorin von Zeidler
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Patologia Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Melissa de Freitas Cordeiro-Silva
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Iúri Drumond Louro
- Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Vitória, ES, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Langton S, Cousin GCS, Plüddemann A, Bankhead CR. Comparison of primary care doctors and dentists in the referral of oral cancer: a systematic review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 58:898-917. [PMID: 32591210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is referred to specialists by both general practitioners (GPs) and dentists, with varying proportions reported in different studies. However, some have noted that dentists more commonly refer oral cancer in the absence of patient-perceived symptoms and may refer at an earlier stage. Unfortunately, approximately half the UK adult population do not receive regular dental care. We have conducted a systematic review of studies that compare GPs and dentists in the referral of oral cancer and have focused on three aspects: the proportion of diagnosed oral cancers, stage on presentation, and delay. Searches of the databases Medline, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and CINAHL, together with additional searches of reference lists, authors, and conference proceedings, found 22 studies from 10 countries, which included a total of 4953 oral cancers. The percentage of medical referrals ranged from 13% to 86%; dental referrals ranged from 15% to 80%. Random-effects meta-analysis indicated a combined relative risk of medical referral to dental referral of 1.36 (95% CI: 0.99 to 1.86). For UK-based studies, the relative risk was also 1.36 (95% CI: 1.05 to 1.76). There was considerable heterogeneity for all studies and for a subgroup of UK studies: I296.4% (95% CI 95.4 to 97.1) and 81.0% (95% CI 63.3 to 90.1), respectively. Several studies showed a lower stage for dentally-referred cancers; the combined risk for dentists and GPs referring early (stages 1 and 2) disease was 1.37 (95% CI: 1.17 to 1.60), and one cause may be the much higher number of cases referred by dentists in the absence of symptoms. No studies showed a significant difference in delay. Oral cancer is referred by both GPs and dentists, typically about 50% and 40%, respectively, although there is a wide range, probably depending on local circumstances. Both groups require skills in oral examination, recognition of lesions, and knowledge of the risk factors. Effectively, regular dental attenders are a select group that is regularly screened for oral cancer, and it is likely that screening is not delivered to those with the highest risk. We suggest that further work is required on how to access high-risk individuals both for possible screening and preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Plüddemann
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - C R Bankhead
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, UK.
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30
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Hong S, Zheng DW, Zhang QL, Deng WW, Song WF, Cheng SX, Sun ZJ, Zhang XZ. An RGB-emitting molecular cocktail for the detection of bacterial fingerprints. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4403-4409. [PMID: 33209242 PMCID: PMC7643548 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01704c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that colonized microbes play a crucial role in regulating health and disease in the human body. Detecting microbes should be essential for understanding the relationship between microbes and diseases, as well as increasing our ability to detect diseases. Here, a combined metabolic labeling strategy was developed to identify different bacterial species and microbiota by the use of three different fluorescent metabolite derivatives emitting red, green, and blue (RGB) fluorescence. Upon co-incubation with microbes, these fluorescent metabolite derivatives are incorporated into bacteria, generating unique true-color fingerprints for different bacterial species and different microbiota. A portable spectrometer was also fabricated to automate the colorimetric analysis in combination with a smartphone to conveniently identify different bacterial species and microbiota. Herein, the effectiveness of this system was demonstrated by the identification of certain bacterial species and microbiota in mice with different diseases, such as skin infections and bacteremia. By analyzing the microbiota fingerprints of saliva samples from clinical patients and healthy people, this system was proved to precisely distinguish oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC, n = 29) samples from precancerous (n = 10) and healthy (n = 5) samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China .
| | - Di-Wei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China .
| | - Qiu-Ling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China .
| | - Wei-Wei Deng
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology , School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Wen-Fang Song
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China .
| | - Si-Xue Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China .
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Head Neck Oncology , School and Hospital of Stomatology , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education , Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China .
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31
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Jin Y, Qin X. Comprehensive analysis of transcriptome data for identifying biomarkers and therapeutic targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:282. [PMID: 32355726 PMCID: PMC7186651 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.03.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignancy worldwide. Accumulating evidences have highlighted the importance of transcriptome data during HNSCC tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to identify significant genes as effective biomarkers for HNSCC and constructed miRNA-mRNA regulatory network for a more comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods A total of four independent microarrays conducted on HNSCC samples were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed through R software. FunRich was applied to predict potential transcription factors and targeted genes of miRNAs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and miRNA-mRNA regulatory network were constructed in Cytoscape. Additionally, the database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery (DAVID) was utilized to perform GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. Validation of gene expression levels was conducted by online databases and qPCR experiments. Results A total of 35 and 193 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and mRNAs (DEGs) were screened out by the limma package in R. The interactive network of the overlapping DEGs presented three significant modules and ten hub genes (FN1, MMP3, SPP1, STAT1, LOX, CXCL5, CXCL11, ISG15, IFIT3, and RSAD2). Predicted target genes of DEMs were visualized in Cytoscape and six miRNA-mRNA regulatory pairs were identified. Further validation demonstrated the upregulation of SLC16A1 and COL4A1 in HNSCC. Conclusions We performed an integrated and comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs in HNSCC, contributing to explore the underlying regulatory mechanisms and to identify genetic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- Department of General Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Xing Qin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai 200000, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head & Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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32
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Li Q, Shen Z, Wu Z, Shen Y, Deng H, Zhou C, Liu H. High P4HA1 expression is an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival and recurrent-free survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23107. [PMID: 31782831 PMCID: PMC7083458 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prolyl 4‐hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 (P4HA1) plays a critical role in modulating the extracellular matrix and promoting tumor progression in various cancers. However, the association between P4HA1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) has not been thoroughly elucidated to date. Methods P4HA1 mRNA and protein expression in cancer and normal tissues were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus, and Human Protein Atlas databases. Quantitative PCR was applied to determine P4HA1 mRNA expression levels in 162 paired HNSCC and adjacent normal tissues. The cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics was utilized to explore P4HA1 genetic alterations in HNSCC. Then, KEGG analysis of P4HA1 co‐expressed genes in HNSCC was conducted using ClueGo in Cytoscape. Results P4HA1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in HNSCC tissues compared with normal tissues. High P4HA1 expression in HNSCC tissues was significantly associated with tumor category, lymphatic metastasis and pathological stage. The area under summary receiver operating characteristic curve of TCGA and validation cohort was 0.887 and 0.883, respectively. Moreover, elevated P4HA1 expression was associated with unfavorable OS (HR: 1.728, P = .001) and RFS (HR: 2.025, P = .002) in HNSCC patients. Conclusions This integrated analysis provides strong evidence that increasing P4HA1 expression is significantly associated with the carcinogenesis of HNSCC. Additionally, high P4HA1 expression serves as both diagnostic biomarker and independent prognostic factor for poor OS and RFS in HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongxia Deng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chongchang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huigao Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Ningbo Zhenhai Longsai Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Sarode GS, Sarode SC, Maniyar N, Sharma N, Yerwadekar S, Patil S. Recent trends in predictive biomarkers for determining malignant potential of oral potentially malignant disorders. Oncol Rev 2019; 13:424. [PMID: 31565195 PMCID: PMC6747023 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2019.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite of the tremendous advancements in the field of cancer prevention, detection and treatment, the overall prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) still remains poor. This can be partly imparted to the lack of early detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), especially those at a higher risk of progression into OSCC. Over years, various specific and non-specific markers have been introduced that could predict the malignant transformation of OPMDs; however detail information on these OPMD markers in a concise manner is lacking. Moreover, their use on daily clinical basis still remains questionable. With continuous research in the field of cytology and genomics, several contemporary biomarkers have been discovered that are not yet foregrounded and proved to be more promising than those used conventionally. Here, in the present paper, we overview several recently concluded predictive biomarkers with special emphasis on their role in molecular pathogenesis of OSCC transformation. These markers can be used for risk assessment of malignant transformation in patients with OPMDs as well as for prophylactic conciliation and fair management of the high-risk OPMD patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nikunj Maniyar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilesh Sharma
- Cancer and Translational Research Lab, Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sujata Yerwadekar
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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The impact of the UK ‘two-week rule’ on stage-on-diagnosis of oral cancer and the relationship to socio-economic inequalities. J Cancer Policy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2019.100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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35
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Zhou K, Chen J, Wu J, Xu Y, Wu Q, Yue J, Song Y, Li S, Zhou P, Tu W, Yang G, Jiang S. Profilin 2 Promotes Proliferation and Metastasis of Head and Neck Cancer Cells by Regulating PI3K/AKT/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Oncol Res 2019; 27:1079-1088. [PMID: 31122311 PMCID: PMC7848265 DOI: 10.3727/096504019x15579146061957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Profilin 2 (PFN2) was found to be mainly expressed in neurons and involved in the development of the brain. In recent years, emerging evidence indicated that PFN2 is also significantly upregulated in various cancers including head and neck cancer (HNSC) and influences cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. However, the role of PFN2 in HNSC development and progression remains unclear. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of PFN2 in the development of HNSC and its possible molecular mechanisms. Bioinformatics showed that increased expression of PFN2 in tumors correlated highly with poor prognosis of HNSC patients. Our results indicated that PFN2 was highly expressed in HNSC tissues and in HNSC cell lines. Knockdown of PFN2 inhibited proliferation, invasion, and migration of HNSC cells, while PFN2 overexpression produced the opposite effects. Using a nude mouse xenograft model, we substantiated the tumor-promoting effect of PFN2 on HNSC in vivo. Furthermore, we found that PFN2 downregulation reduced the phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β and reduced the expression of β-catenin in HNSC cells. The opposite was observed when PFN2 was overexpressed. Collectively, these results suggest that PFN2 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of HNSC by activating the PI3K/Akt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Although further validation is needed, we speculate that PFN2 plays a crucial role in HNSC and may be a promising therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Zhou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jiayu Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yangxinzi Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Qiaoyun Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Yue
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Yu Song
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Shengcun Li
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhan Tu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Guanhu Yang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Songhe Jiang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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36
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Özdaş S, Özdaş T. Crm1 knockdown by specific small interfering RNA reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in head and neck cancer cell lines. Turk J Biol 2019; 42:132-143. [PMID: 30814875 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1711-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common and most aggressive type of head and neck cancer. Current approaches for the treatment of HNSCC are not sufficient to increase the patient survival or to reduce the high recurrence rate. Consequently, there is a need to explore the molecular characteristics of this cancer in order to discover potential therapeutic target molecules. The overexpression of chromosome region maintenance 1 (Crm1), responsible for the transport of different classes of macromolecules from the nuclear membrane to the cytoplasm, in various cancer cells has made it an attractive target molecule in cancer research. It has been reported that transcription factors, which are the target cargo proteins of Crm1, have critical roles in regulating intracellular processes via their expression levels and functions, which in turn are regulated by the cell cycle and signaling proteins. Previous findings show that head and neck cancer cells overexpress Crm1 and that these cells become highly dependent on Crm1 function. The results of this study show that after decreasing Crm1 expression levels in HNSCC cells through either treatment with specific Crm1 RNA interference (siRNA) or the selective Crm1 inhibitor leptomycin B (LMB), cell viability, proliferation, migration, and wound-healing abilities decreased, suppressing tumorigenic properties through the induction of apoptosis. Crm1 is a powerful diagnostic biomarker because of its central role in cancerogenesis, and it has a high potential for the development of targeted Crm1 molecules or synthetic agents, such as LMB, as well as for the improvement of the clinical features in head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Özdaş
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Adana Science and Technology University , Adana , Turkey
| | - Talih Özdaş
- Otolaryngology Clinic, Adana Numune Education and Research Hospital , Adana , Turkey
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Day TA, Shirai K, O'Brien PE, Matheus MG, Godwin K, Sood AJ, Kompelli A, Vick JA, Martin D, Vitale-Cross L, Callejas-Varela JL, Wang Z, Wu X, Harismendy O, Molinolo AA, Lippman SM, Van Waes C, Szabo E, Gutkind JS. Inhibition of mTOR Signaling and Clinical Activity of Rapamycin in Head and Neck Cancer in a Window of Opportunity Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:1156-1164. [PMID: 30420444 PMCID: PMC6377824 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We studied the impact of mTOR signaling inhibition with rapamycin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in the neoadjuvant setting. The goals were to evaluate the mTOR pathway as a therapeutic target for patients with advanced HNSCC, and the clinical safety, antitumor, and molecular activity of rapamycin administration on HNSCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with untreated stage II-IVA HNSCC received rapamycin for 21 days (day 1, 15 mg; days 2-12, 5 mg) prior to definitive treatment with surgery or chemoradiation. Treatment responses were assessed clinically and radiographically with CT and FDG-PET. Pre- and posttreatment biopsies and blood were obtained for toxicity, immune monitoring, and IHC assessment of mTOR signaling, as well as exome sequencing. RESULTS Sixteen patients (eight oral cavity, eight oropharyngeal) completed rapamycin and definitive treatment. Half of patients were p16 positive. One patient had a pathologic complete response and four (25%) patients met RECIST criteria for response (1 CR, 3 PR, 12 SD). Treatment was well tolerated with no grade 4 or unexpected toxicities. No significant immune suppression was observed. Downstream mTOR signaling was downregulated in tumor tissues as measured by phosphorylation of S6 (P < 0.0001), AKT (P < 0.0001), and 4EBP (P = 0.0361), with a significant compensatory increase in phosphorylated ERK in most patients (P < 0.001). Ki67 was reduced in tumor biopsies in all patients (P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS Rapamycin treatment was well tolerated, reduced mTOR signaling and tumor growth, and resulted in significant clinical responses despite the brief treatment duration, thus supporting the potential role of mTOR inhibitors in treatment regimens for HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry A Day
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Keisuke Shirai
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Paul E O'Brien
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | - Kristina Godwin
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Amit J Sood
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Anvesh Kompelli
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | - Daniel Martin
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda
| | - Lynn Vitale-Cross
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda
| | | | - Zhiyong Wang
- University of California San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, California
| | - Xingyu Wu
- University of California San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, California
| | - Olivier Harismendy
- University of California San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, California
| | - Alfredo A Molinolo
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda
- University of California San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, California
| | - Scott M Lippman
- University of California San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, California
| | - Carter Van Waes
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Eva Szabo
- National Cancer Institute, Potomac, Maryland
| | - J Silvio Gutkind
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda.
- University of California San Diego (UCSD) Moores Cancer Center, San Diego, California
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Duarte A, André‐Grégoire G, Trillet K, Thys A, Bidère N, Ribeiro‐Silva A, Gavard J. Inhibition of mTOR in head and neck cancer cells alters endothelial cell morphology in a paracrine fashion. Mol Carcinog 2018; 58:161-168. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Duarte
- CRCINATeam SOAPInsermCNRSUniversité de NantesUniversité d'AngersNantesFrance
- Laboratory of Cancer PathologyRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Gwennan André‐Grégoire
- CRCINATeam SOAPInsermCNRSUniversité de NantesUniversité d'AngersNantesFrance
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'OuestSite René GauducheauSaint HerblainFrance
| | - Kilian Trillet
- CRCINATeam SOAPInsermCNRSUniversité de NantesUniversité d'AngersNantesFrance
| | - An Thys
- CRCINATeam SOAPInsermCNRSUniversité de NantesUniversité d'AngersNantesFrance
| | - Nicolas Bidère
- CRCINATeam SOAPInsermCNRSUniversité de NantesUniversité d'AngersNantesFrance
| | - Alfredo Ribeiro‐Silva
- Laboratory of Cancer PathologyRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil
| | - Julie Gavard
- CRCINATeam SOAPInsermCNRSUniversité de NantesUniversité d'AngersNantesFrance
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'OuestSite René GauducheauSaint HerblainFrance
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39
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Liu XX, Liu WD, Wang L, Zhu B, Shi X, Peng ZX, Zhu HC, Liu XD, Zhong MZ, Xie D, Zeng MS, Ren CP. Roles of flotillins in tumors. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2018; 19:171-182. [PMID: 29504311 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1700102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The identification and use of molecular biomarkers have greatly improved the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. However, a much deeper understanding of oncogenic proteins is needed for the benefit to cancer patients. The lipid raft marker proteins, flotillin-1 and flotillin-2, were first found in goldfish retinal ganglion cells during axon regeneration. They have since been found in a variety of cells, mainly on the inner surface of cell membranes, and not only act as a skeleton to provide a platform for protein-protein interactions, but also are involved in signal transduction, nerve regeneration, endocytosis, and lymphocyte activation. Previous studies have shown that flotillins are closely associated with tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. In this article, we review the functions of flotillins in relevant cell processes, their underlying mechanisms of action in a variety of tumors, and their potential applications to tumor molecular diagnosis and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Xu Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Wei-Dong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiao Shi
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - He-Cheng Zhu
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Xing-Dong Liu
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Mei-Zuo Zhong
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Cai-Ping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis of Chinese Ministry of Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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40
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Liu X, Qiao B, Zhao T, Hu F, Lam AKY, Tao Q. Sox2 promotes tumor aggressiveness and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:1418-1426. [PMID: 29956740 PMCID: PMC6089783 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is highly malignant and poorly differentiated, resulting in a high frequency of local recurrence and distant metastases. Sox2 (Sry-box2), an important factor in embryonic development and cell differentiation, has been shown to associate with malignant phenotypes and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression in numerous types of human tumors. However, the clinical relevance and molecular mechanisms of Sox2 in TSCC remain unclear. In the present study, the expression levels of Sox2 were assessed in 61 pairs of TSCC samples and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues using immunohistochemical methods. Associations between Sox2 expression and clinicopathological features were evaluated. Furthermore, Sox2 was overexpressed and inhibited using full-length Sox2 cDNA and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfection in UM2 and Cal27 cell lines, respectively. The malignant phenotypes were assessed by plate clone formation assays, wound-healing assays and Transwell assays. EMT markers (E-cadherin, vimentin, Twist, Slug and Snail) and β-catenin were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis following the alterations of Sox2 expression. The results indicated that Sox2 expression was markedly upregulated in TSCC samples and was significantly associated with tumor growth (pT stage), cell differentiation, lymphatic metastasis (pN stage) and clinical stage (pTNM stage). Cal27-shRNA-Sox2 cells not only exhibited a decreased capacity for cell proliferation, but also suppressed cell migration and invasion, and an attenuated colony formation capacity. By contrast, UM2-Sox2 cells exhibited accelerated cell malignant phenotypes and EMT progression. Moreover, when the expression of Sox2 was decreased by shRNA transduction, β-catenin expression was attenuated. An opposing phenomenon was observed in UM2-Sox2 cells. In conclusion, this study suggests that Sox2 expression serves a role in TSCC malignant phenotypes and EMT progression, and that β-catenin may act as a modulated factor in this progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguang Liu
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Bin Qiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Tengda Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Fengchun Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Qian Tao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510055
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41
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Assessment of DNA repair susceptibility genes identified by whole exome sequencing in head and neck cancer. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 66-67:50-63. [PMID: 29747023 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC), the sixth most common cancer globally, stands second in India. In Northeast (NE) India, it is the sixth most common cause of death in males and seventh in females. Prolonged tobacco and alcohol consumption constitute the major etiological factors for HNC development, which induce DNA damage. Therefore, DNA repair pathway is a crucial system in maintaining genomic integrity and preventing carcinogenesis. The present work was aimed to predict the consequence of significant germline variants of the DNA repair genes in disease predisposition. Whole exome sequencing was performed in Ion Proton™ platform on 15 case-control samples from the HNC-prevalent states of Manipur, Mizoram, and Nagaland. Variant annotation was done in Ion Reporter™ as well as wANNOVAR. Subsequent statistical and bioinformatics analysis identified significant exonic and intronic variants associated with HNC. Amongst our observed variants, 78.6% occurred in ExAC, 94% reported in dbSNP and 5.8% & 9.3% variants were present in ClinVar and HGMD, respectively. The total variants were dispersed among 199 genes with DSBR and FA pathway being the most mutated pathways. The allelic association test suggested that the intronic variants in HLTF and RAD52 gene significantly associated (P < 0.05) with the risk (OR > 5), while intronic variants in PARP4, RECQL5, EXO1 and PER1 genes and exonic variant in TDP2 gene showed protection (OR < 1) for HNC. MDR analysis proposed the exonic variants in MSH6, BRCA2, PALB2 and TP53 genes and intronic variant in RECQL5 genetic region working together during certain phase of DNA repair mechanism for HNC causation. In addition, other intronic and 3'UTR variations caused modifications in the transcription factor binding sites and miRNA target sites associated with HNC. Large-scale validation in NE Indian population, in-depth structure prediction and subsequent simulation of our recognized polymorphisms is necessary to identify true causal variants related to HNC.
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42
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Gong W, Xiao Y, Wei Z, Yuan Y, Qiu M, Sun C, Zeng X, Liang X, Feng M, Chen Q. Toward the use of precision medicine for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:2141-2152. [PMID: 27924064 PMCID: PMC5356787 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine is a new strategy that aims at preventing and treating human diseases by focusing on individual variations in people's genes, environment and lifestyle. Precision medicine has been used for cancer diagnosis and treatment and shows evident clinical efficacy. Rapid developments in molecular biology, genetics and sequencing technologies, as well as computational technology, has enabled the establishment of "big data", such as the Human Genome Project, which provides a basis for precision medicine. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive cancer with a high incidence rate and low survival rate. Current therapies are often aggressive and carry considerable side effects. Much research now indicates that precision medicine can be used for HNSCC and may achieve improved results. From this perspective, we present an overview of the current status, potential strategies, and challenges of precision medicine in HNSCC. We focus on targeted therapy based on cell the surface signaling receptors epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), and on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT3 and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK cellular signaling pathways. Gene therapy for the treatment of HNSCC is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yandi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zihao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chongkui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinhua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingye Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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43
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Ganti A, Plitt MA, Kuan EC, Kuhar HN, Batra PS, Tajudeen BA. Risk of second primary malignancy in patients with sinonasal tumors: a population-based cohort study. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2018; 8:756-762. [DOI: 10.1002/alr.22092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Ganti
- Rush Medical College; Rush University; Chicago IL
| | - Max A. Plitt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago IL
- Rush Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago IL
| | - Edward C. Kuan
- Division of Rhinology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA
| | | | - Pete S. Batra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago IL
- Rush Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago IL
| | - Bobby A. Tajudeen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago IL
- Rush Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery; Rush University Medical Center; Chicago IL
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44
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Wu MH, Luo JD, Wang WC, Chang TH, Hwang WL, Lee KH, Liu SY, Yang JW, Chiou CT, Chang CH, Chiang WF. Risk analysis of malignant potential of oral verrucous hyperplasia: A follow-up study of 269 patients and copy number variation analysis. Head Neck 2018; 40:1046-1056. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.25076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Heng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ji-Dung Luo
- Bioinformatics Core Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Research Center; Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Kuen-Haur Lee
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shyun-Yeu Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center; Liouying Taiwan
| | - Jung-Wu Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Sin-Lau Hospital; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chang-Ta Chiou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; An-Nan Hospital; Tainan Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hua Chang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Chang-Chung Memorial Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fan Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center; Liouying Taiwan
- School of Dentistry; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
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45
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Lam TG, Jeong YS, Kim SA, Ahn SG. New metformin derivative HL156A prevents oral cancer progression by inhibiting the insulin-like growth factor/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:699-709. [PMID: 29285837 PMCID: PMC5834796 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a biguanide widely prescribed as an antidiabetic drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The purpose of the present study was to observe the effects of the new metformin derivative, HL156A, on human oral cancer cell and to investigate its possible mechanisms. It was observed that HL156A significantly decreased FaDu and YD‐10B cell viability and colony formation in a dose‐dependent way. HL156A also markedly reduced wound closure and migration of FaDu and YD‐10B cells. We observed that HL156A decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and apoptotic cells with caspase‐3 and ‐9 activation. HL156A inhibited the expression and activation of insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐1 and its downstream proteins, AKT, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and ERK1/2. In addition, HL156A activated AMP‐activated protein kinase/nuclear factor kappa B (AMPK‐NF‐κB) signaling of FaDu and YD‐10B cells. A xenograft mouse model further showed that HL156A suppressed AT84 mouse oral tumor growth, accompanied by down‐regulated p‐IGF‐1, p‐mTOR, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and promoted p‐AMPK and TUNEL expression. These results suggest the potential value of the new metformin derivative HL156A as a candidate for a therapeutic modality for the treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Giang Lam
- Department of Pathology, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yun Soo Jeong
- Department of Pathology, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soo-A Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Gun Ahn
- Department of Pathology, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
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46
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Song W, Sun Y, Lin J, Bi X. Current research on head and neck cancer-associated long noncoding RNAs. Oncotarget 2018; 9:1403-1425. [PMID: 29416703 PMCID: PMC5787447 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) are one of the ten leading cancers worldwide, including a range of malignant tumors arising from the upper neck. Due to the complex mechanisms of HNC and lack of effective biomarkers, the 5-year survival rate of HNC has been low and the mortality rate has been high in recent decades. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), noncoding RNAs longer than 200 bps, are a focus of current cancer research, closely related to tumor biology. LncRNAs have been revealed to be aberrantly expressed in various types of HNC, and the dysregulated lncRNAs participate in HNC progression and induce malignant behavior by modulating gene expression at diverse levels. This review will focus on the functions and molecular mechanisms of dysregulated lncRNAs in HNC tumorigenesis and progression, as well as their diagnostic, therapeutic or prognostic implications in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Dental Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Bi
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
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47
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von Mässenhausen A, Sanders C, Thewes B, Deng M, Queisser A, Vogel W, Kristiansen G, Duensing S, Schröck A, Bootz F, Brossart P, Kirfel J, Heasley L, Brägelmann J, Perner S. MERTK as a novel therapeutic target in head and neck cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:32678-94. [PMID: 27081701 PMCID: PMC5078043 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although head and neck cancer (HNSCC) is the sixth most common tumor entity worldwide therapy options remain limited leading to 5-year survival rates of only 50 %. MERTK is a promising therapeutic target in several tumor entities, however, its role in HNSCC has not been described yet. The aim of our study was to investigate the biological significance of MERTK and to evaluate its potential as a novel therapeutic target in this dismal tumor entity. In two large HNSCC cohorts (n=537 and n=520) we found that MERTK is overexpressed in one third of patients. In-vitro, MERTK overexpression led to increased proliferation, migration and invasion whereas MERTK inhibition with the small molecule inhibitor UNC1062 or MERTK knockdown reduced cell motility via the small GTPase RhoA. Taken together, we are the first to show that MERTK is frequently overexpressed in HNSCC and plays an important role in tumor cell motility. It might therefore be a potential target for selected patients suffering from this dismal tumor entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne von Mässenhausen
- Section of Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Sanders
- Section of Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Britta Thewes
- Section of Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mario Deng
- Pathology of The University Hospital of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,Leibniz Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Angela Queisser
- Section of Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenzel Vogel
- Pathology of The University Hospital of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,Leibniz Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
| | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Duensing
- Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Schröck
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Friedrich Bootz
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Brossart
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jutta Kirfel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Lynn Heasley
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Johannes Brägelmann
- Section of Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Perner
- Pathology of The University Hospital of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.,Leibniz Research Center Borstel, Borstel, Germany
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48
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Bender O, Gunduz M, Cigdem S, Hatipoglu OF, Acar M, Kaya M, Grenman R, Gunduz E, Ugur KS. Functional analysis of ESM1 by siRNA knockdown in primary and metastatic head and neck cancer cells. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 47:40-47. [PMID: 29024069 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors play a large role in cancer, and thus, there is a great desire to understand the effects of different genes in cancer and to also develop gene therapy for better treatments. Therefore, the development of alternative diagnosis and therapy modalities is of utmost importance. The aim of our study was to illuminate the role of ESM1 (endothelial cell-specific molecule-1, also known as Endocan) in proliferation and migration of head and neck cancer, thus helping to pave the way for new treatment modalities and predictive biomarkers. METHODS ESM1 expression was shown with immunofluorescence assay using confocal laser scanning microscope in primary and metastatic head and neck cancer cells. ESM1 expression was knocked down by RNA interference in head and neck cancer cells. Knockdown efficiency was evaluated by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation and migration assays were performed by xCELLigence real-time cell analysis system. RESULTS Immunofluorescence assay showed nuclear localization and high expression of ESM1 in primary and metastatic head and neck cancer cells. ESM1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased in ESM1-knockdown cells compared to control. ESM1-knockdown cells showed reduced proliferation and migration activity when compared to control cells. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that ESM1 has roles on proliferation and migration of head and neck cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Bender
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gunduz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sadik Cigdem
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Hatipoglu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muradiye Acar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mesut Kaya
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Reidar Grenman
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Esra Gunduz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kadriye Serife Ugur
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal University, Ankara, Turkey
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49
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Nuclear Survivin as a Prognostic Factor in Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2017; 25:566-570. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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50
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Travassos DC, Fernandes D, Massucato EMS, Navarro CM, Bufalino A. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen as a prognostic marker and its correlation with clinicopathological features in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 47:3-10. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daphine Caxias Travassos
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery; School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University (Unesp); Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - Darcy Fernandes
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery; School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University (Unesp); Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Maria Navarro
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery; School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University (Unesp); Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
| | - Andreia Bufalino
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery; School of Dentistry; São Paulo State University (Unesp); Araraquara São Paulo Brazil
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