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Qiu Z, Wei C, Kang L, Zhou L, Lai C, Li X, Yan B, Xu J, Wang S, Huang L. Sensitive quantitation of ultra-trace toxic aconitines in complex matrices by perfusion nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry combined with gas-liquid microextraction. Talanta 2024; 269:125402. [PMID: 37979510 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The accurate analysis of ultra-trace (e.g. <10-4 ng/mL) substances in complex matrices is a burdensome but vital problem in pharmaceutical analysis, with important implications for precise quality control of drugs, discovery of innovative medicines and elucidation of pharmacological mechanisms. Herein, an innovative constant-flow perfusion nano-electrospray ionization (PnESI) technique was developed firstly features significant quantitative advantages in high-sensitivity ambient MS analysis of complex matrix sample. More importantly, double-labeled addition enrichment quantitation strategies of gas-liquid microextraction (GLME) were proposed for the first time, allowing highly selective extraction and enrichment of specific target analytes in a green and ultra-efficient (>1000-fold) manner. Using complex processed Aconitum herbs as example, PnESI-MS directly enabled the qualitative and absolute quantitative analysis of the processed Aconitum extracts and characterized the target toxic diester alkaloids with high sensitivity, high stability, wide linearity range, and strong resistance to matrix interference. Further, GLME device was applied to obtain the highly specific enrichment of the target diester alkaloids more than 1000-fold, and accurate absolute quantitation of trace aconitine, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine in the extracts of Heishunpian, Zhichuanwu and Zhicaowu was accomplished (e.g., 0.098 pg/mL and 0.143 pg/mL), with the quantitation results well below the LODs of aconitines from any analytical instruments available. This study built a systematic strategy for accurate quantitation of ultra-trace substances in complex matrix sample and expected to provide a technological revolution in many fields of pharmaceutical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Chaofa Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Liping Kang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Changjiangsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Binbin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jiaquan Xu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry, Biology and Material Sciences, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Shuanglong Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry, Biology and Material Sciences, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, 330013, China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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Gao Y, He Q, Guo C, Chen W, Pan Y. Carbon Dioxide Microbubble Bursting Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17360-17364. [PMID: 36473082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aerosols generated by bubble bursting have been proved to promote the extraction of analytes and have ultrahigh electric fields at their water-air interfaces. This study presented a simple and efficient ionization method, carbon dioxide microbubble bursting ionization (CDMBI), without the presence of an exogenous electric field (namely, zero voltage), by simulating the interfacial chemistries of sea spray aerosols. In CDMBI, microbubbles are generated in situ by continuous input of carbon dioxide into an aqueous solution containing low-concentration analytes. The microbubbles extract low- and high-polarity analytes as they pass through the aqueous solution. Upon reaching the water-air interface, these microbubbles burst to produce charged aerosol microdroplets with an average diameter of 260 μm (8.1-10.4 nL in volume), which are immediately transferred to a mass spectrometer for the detection and identification of extracted analytes. The above analytical process occurs every 4.2 s with a stable total ion chromatogram (relative standard deviation: 9.4%) recorded. CDMBI mass spectrometry (CDMBI-MS) can detect surface-active organic compounds in aerosol microdroplets, such as perfluorooctanoic acid, free fatty acids epoxidized by bubble bursting, sterols, and lecithins in soybean and egg, with the limit of detection reaching the level of fg/mL. In addition, coupling CDMBI-MS with an exogenous voltage yields relatively weak gains in ionization efficiency and sensitivity of analysis. The results suggested that CDMBI can simultaneously accomplish both bubbling extraction and microbubble bursting ionization. The mechanism of CDMBI involves bubbling extraction, proton transfer, inlet ionization, and electrospray-like ionization. Overall, CDMBI-MS can work in both positive and negative ion modes without necessarily needing an exogenous high electric field for ionization and quickly detect trace surface-active analytes in aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanji Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310027, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan610068, P. R. China
| | - Quan He
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310027, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310009, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310027, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang310027, P. R. China
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An S, Ranaweera R, Luo L. Harnessing bubble behaviors for developing new analytical strategies. Analyst 2021; 145:7782-7795. [PMID: 33107897 DOI: 10.1039/d0an01497d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gas bubbles are easily accessible and offer many unique characteristic properties of a gas/liquid two-phase system for developing new analytical methods. In this minireview, we discuss the newly developed analytical strategies that harness the behaviors of bubbles. Recent advancements include the utilization of the gas/liquid interfacial activity of bubbles for detection and preconcentration of surface-active compounds; the employment of the gas phase properties of bubbles for acoustic imaging and detection, microfluidic analysis, electrochemical sensing, and emission spectroscopy; and the application of the mass transport behaviors at the gas/liquid interface in gas sensing, biosensing, and nanofluidics. These studies have demonstrated the versatility of gas bubbles as a platform for developing new analytical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhong An
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
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Gu Y, Qiu Y, Hua X, Shi Z, Li A, Ning Y, Liang D. Critical biodegradation process of a widely used surfactant in the water environment: dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBS). RSC Adv 2021; 11:20303-20312. [PMID: 35702510 PMCID: PMC9097172 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02791c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBS) is a widely used surfactant that is now found extensively in water bodies because of anthropogenic emissions. Since the degradation of DBS in the environment mainly relies on microorganisms, it is essential to study the mechanism by which DBS is biodegraded. In this study, Chlorella vulgaris was used to research the biodegradation process of DBS. The C. vulgaris suspension was centrifuged to remove the supernatant, then secondary deionized water and DBS were added to the C. vulgaris. And the intermediate products were detected in real time by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Some novel intermediate products, including 4-sodium sulfophenyldodecanoate acid and its homologs, were detected that had not been mentioned in previous studies. In this work, the process of DBS degradation was indicated, which consisted of three main steps: chain-shorting oxidation, ring-opening oxidation of benzene rings, and degradation of small molecules. By investigating the process of DBS degradation by C. vulgaris, we were able to propose a preliminary mechanism of DBS biodegradation, which is of great significance for research on the migration and conversion of surfactants in the environment. This work established a method for detecting the intermediate products of DBS degraded by C. vulgaris, and indicated the process of DBS degradation.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resource and Environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of New Energy and Environment
- Jilin University
- Changchun
| | - Yanting Qiu
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resource and Environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of New Energy and Environment
- Jilin University
- Changchun
| | - Xiuyi Hua
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resource and Environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of New Energy and Environment
- Jilin University
- Changchun
| | - Zhimin Shi
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resource and Environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of New Energy and Environment
- Jilin University
- Changchun
| | - Anfeng Li
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resource and Environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of New Energy and Environment
- Jilin University
- Changchun
| | - Yang Ning
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resource and Environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of New Energy and Environment
- Jilin University
- Changchun
| | - Dapeng Liang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resource and Environment
- Ministry of Education
- College of New Energy and Environment
- Jilin University
- Changchun
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