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Sonestedt E, Lukic M. Beverages - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10458. [PMID: 38571923 PMCID: PMC10989231 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Coffee, tea, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and low- and no-calorie sweetened beverages (LNCSBs) are generally frequently consumed in the Nordic and Baltic countries. These beverages have also been related to potential health effects. This scoping review describes the evidence for the role of coffee, tea, SSBs, and LNCSBs for health-related outcomes as a basis for setting and updating food-based dietary guidelines. We used evidence from several qualified systematic reviews (i.e. World Cancer Research Fund, US Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, European Food Safety Authority, and World Health Organization) and performed a search for additional systematic reviews. The evidence suggests that moderate coffee and tea consumption do not have long-term adverse health effects. The long-term favorable effects of coffee consumption are related to reduced risk of endometrial and liver cancer, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular deaths. However, results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggest that coffee brews that are rich in diterpenes, such as boiled coffee, increase serum cholesterol concentrations. High caffeine intake in pregnancy is associated with higher risk of pregnancy loss, preterm birth, and low birth weight. High consumption of SSBs has been associated with increased risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, based on data from RCTs and prospective cohort studies. The consumption of LNCSBs may result in a small reduction in body weight in adults, likely mediated through the effect of reduced energy intake, but has neutral effects on other cardiometabolic risk markers using evidence from RCTs. However, evidence from observational studies indicates increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases among high LNCSB consumers. In conclusion, current evidence suggests that moderate coffee and tea consumption have no long-term adverse health effects. The evidence of beneficial effects of coffee consumption on liver and endometrial cancer risk, and some cardiovascular outcomes, comes from observational studies. High consumption of boiled coffee should be avoided due to negative effect on lipid profile. Pregnant women should not exceed the recommended daily dose of caffeine intake of 200 mg set by the European Food Safety Authority as a safe level for the fetus. High consumption of SSBs has consistently been associated with adverse health effects, which is mainly due to excess energy intake, and should be limited. The conflicting results from RCTs and observational studies regarding LNCSBs may be due to revere causation and should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Sonestedt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Marko Lukic
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Mattos Rocha Olivieri C, Aparecida Manólio Soares Freitas R, Alfredo Gomes Arêas J. Jatobá-do-cerrado (Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart.) pulp positively affects plasma and hepatic lipids and increases short-chain fatty acid production in hamsters fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113766. [PMID: 38129058 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of jatobá pulp, in its fresh (FJ) and extruded (EJ) forms, on lipid metabolism and intestinal fermentation parameters in hamsters. In a 21-day experiment, we determined the parameters of the animal lipid metabolism and colonic production of short chain fatty acids in four different groups. Control (C), fresh pulp (FJ) and extruded pulp (EJ) were fed using hypercholesterolemic diets, and the reference (R) was fed using AIN93 meal. R and C diets contained cellulose, FJ and EJ were added by jatobá pulp as a fiber source. The results showed that FJ and EJ exhibited lower levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-c, non-HDL-c serum levels, liver lipids, and liver weight compared to C. The EJ had higher bile acid excretion in stool than the C. EJ and FJ exhibited lower excreted fiber compared to R and C, implying greater fermentation. Furthermore, the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the cecum of FJ and EJ animals exceeded that of the C. Acetic and propionic acids were more abundant in the FJ and EJ diets, with FJ producing more butyric acid than the other groups.In conclusion, jatobá pulp maintained at normal levels of total cholesterol, LDL and HDL-associated cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and serum triglycerides, while also reducing the accumulation of hepatic lipids. Jatobá also promoted SCFA formation and fermentation, making it a valuable ingredient for preventing chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Mattos Rocha Olivieri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil.
| | | | - José Alfredo Gomes Arêas
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil.
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Quan J, Zhang T, Gu Y, Meng G, Zhang Q, Liu L, Wu H, Zhang S, Wang X, Zhang J, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Niu K. Green tea intake and the risk of hypertension in premenopausal women: the TCLSIH cohort study. Food Funct 2023; 14:4406-4413. [PMID: 37097224 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03342a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and aims: Tea polyphenols, such as green tea polyphenols, have been extensively studied as agents that ameliorate cardiovascular disease and blood pressure in vitro and in animal studies. However, epidemiological evidence for the association of green tea consumption with hypertension (HTN) is inconsistent. In addition, such an association has not been prospectively examined in the general adult population, particularly among young women. Therefore, we designed a cohort study to examine whether green tea consumption increases the risk of HTN in premenopausal women. Methods and results: This prospective cohort study investigated 6633 premenopausal female participants without hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at the baseline. Green tea consumption was measured at the baseline using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Hypertension was confirmed with the SBP ≥140 mm Hg-1 or with the DBP ≥90 mm Hg-1. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of green tea consumption with incident hypertension. A total of 488 first incident cases of hypertension occurred during 24 957 person-years of follow-up (median follow-up of 4.0 years). After adjustment for potential confounding variables, the multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident hypertension in premenopausal female participants with different green tea consumption frequencies were 1.00 (reference) for almost never, 0.84 (0.67, 1.07) for 1 cup per week, 1.02 (0.77, 1.35) for 2-6 cups per week, and 0.65 (0.44, 0.96) for ≥1 cup per day. Conclusions: The results from our prospective study indicate that the consumption of green tea is associated with a reduced risk of HTN in premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Quan
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Tingjing Zhang
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, 22 West Wenchang Road, Wuhu, Anhui Province, 241002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
| | - Ge Meng
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shunming Zhang
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Xuena Wang
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaijun Niu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
- Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
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Soni S, Paari KA. A review on the immunomodulatory properties of functional nutraceuticals as dietary interventions for children to combat COVID-19 related infections. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2023; 5:17. [PMCID: PMC10076816 DOI: 10.1186/s43014-023-00133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a significant threat to humanity in the present day due to the rapid increase in the number of infections worldwide. While most children may be spared of the direct mortality effects of the disease, those with weak immune systems are prone to adverse effects. Child mortality increases due to the stress caused to the health care system that disrupts essential health care needs such as immunisation and antenatal care. The use of functional foods (FF) aids in disease-prevention as they are known to have protective effects against COVID-19 by boosting children’s cellular and humoral immunity. Plant components such as glycyrrhizin, epigallocatechin gallate, allicin, and fucoidan exhibit antiviral properties against various viruses, including SARS-CoV 2. Microbial foods that are made of probiotics, can enhance immunity against various respiratory viruses. Food enriched with additives such as lactoferrin, piperine, and zinc can boost immunity against COVID-19. With proper definitive drug therapy not available for treating COVID-19 and most of the disease management tools rely on symptoms and non-specific supportive care, developing a functional paediatric formulation will prevent further deterioration in infant health. It is wise to investigate the toxicological aspects of Functional Foods components especially when formulating for children. The safe limits of ingredients should be strictly followed during FFs formulation. Stronger regulations with advanced analytical techniques can help to formulate functional foods into the mainstream in child nutraceuticals. The purpose of this review is to compile collective information on the functional nutraceuticals specifically for infants and children up to the age of 10 years that could confer immunity against COVID-19 and other related viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Soni
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Central Campus, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029 India
| | - Kuppusamy Alagesan Paari
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Central Campus, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029 India
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Cerquido AS, Vojtek M, Ribeiro-Oliveira R, Viegas O, Sousa JB, Ferreira IMPLVO, Diniz C. Unravelling Potential Health-Beneficial Properties of Corema album Phenolic Compounds: A Systematic Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15101231. [PMID: 36297345 PMCID: PMC9610266 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Corema (C.) album belongs to the family Ericaceae and can be found in the Iberian Peninsula, especially on the coastal areas facing the Atlantic coast. C. album berries have been used for centuries in traditional medicine. Recent studies have revealed that not only the berries but also the leaves have relevant antioxidant, antiproliferative, and anti-inflammatory properties, bringing this plant to the forefront of discussion. A systematic review of the literature was carried out to summarize the phenolic compounds and bioactive properties identified in C. album berries and leaves and to search for research gaps on this topic. The search was conducted in three electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science) using PRISMA methodology. The inclusion criteria were the chemical compositions of the berries, leaves, or their extracts and their bioactive properties. The exclusion criteria were agronomic and archaeological research. The number of studies concerning phenolic compounds' composition and the bioactive properties of C. album berries and leaves is still limited (11 articles). However, the variety of polyphenolic compounds identified make it possible to infer new insights into their putative mechanism of action towards the suppression of NF-kB transcription factor activation, the modulation of inflammatory mediators/enzymes, the induction of apoptosis, the modulation of mitogen activated protein kinase, cell cycle arrest, and the reduction of oxidative stress. These factors can be of major relevance concerning the future use of C. album as nutraceuticals, food supplements, or medicines. Nevertheless, more scientific evidence concerning C. album's bioactivity is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Cerquido
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Martin Vojtek
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Ribeiro-Oliveira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Olga Viegas
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Beatriz Sousa
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.S.); (I.M.P.L.V.O.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Isabel M. P. L. V. O. Ferreira
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.S.); (I.M.P.L.V.O.F.); (C.D.)
| | - Carmen Diniz
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.S.); (I.M.P.L.V.O.F.); (C.D.)
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Gubur S, Ercan A, Coskun Yazici Z. Protective effects of green tea on blood and liver of rats fed with high fructose diet. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/066.2022.00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of green tea on lipid profile, liver tissue damage, and oxidative stress in rats fed a diet including high fructose. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control (C), Fructose (F), Green Tea (GT), and F+GT. F and F+GT groups were given 20% fructose in the drinking water for eight weeks. Green tea (2 mg kg−1) was administrated to GT and F+GT groups by oral gavage for eight weeks. Biochemical parameters in serum and oxidative stress markers in the liver were analysed. The liver sections were stained with haematoxylin-eosin. As of the 3rd week of the experiment, the body weight of rats in the F group showed a statistically significant increase in comparison with the F+GT group. The serum glucose and triglyceride levels of the F+GT group significantly decreased when compared with the F group. The fructose-induced degenerative changes in the liver were reduced with green tea. Green tea may serve a protective role against hyperlipidaemia and liver injury in rats fed a high fructose diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Gubur
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Health Sciences, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A. Ercan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Z.M. Coskun Yazici
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ye X, Tang X, Li F, Zhu J, Wu M, Wei X, Wang Y. Green and Oolong Tea Extracts With Different Phytochemical Compositions Prevent Hypertension and Modulate the Intestinal Flora in a High-Salt Diet Fed Wistar Rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:892801. [PMID: 35600813 PMCID: PMC9121855 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.892801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea (GT) and oolong tea (OLT) are widely consumed beverages, and their preventive and regulatory effects on hypertension have been reported. However, the interventional effects of GT and OLT on hypertension induced by a high-salt diet and its mechanism have not been fully explored. This study evaluated the anti-hypertensive effects of GT and OLT and their underlying mechanisms. The in vivo anti-hypertensive effects of GT and OLT and their capability to prevent hypertension and regulate the intestinal microbiota in Wistar rats fed with a high-salt diet were evaluated. Our results show that GT and OLT supplementations could regulate oxidative stress, inflammation, gene expression, and parameter levels related to blood pressure (BP) and prevent the increase in BP induced by a high-salt diet. Furthermore, both GT and OLT boosted the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota, increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria and conditionally pathogenic bacteria, and regulated the intestinal microbial metabolism pathway related to BP. Among them, OLT presented better effects than GT. These findings indicate that GT and OLT can prevent hypertension caused by high-salt diets, which may be due to the regulation of intestinal flora by GT and OLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ye
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojuan Tang
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanglan Li
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangxiong Zhu
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meirong Wu
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinlin Wei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xinlin Wei,
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- Institute of Engineering Food, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Yuanfeng Wang,
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Association between Green Tea Consumption and Abdominal Obesity Risk in Middle-Aged Korean Population: Findings from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052735. [PMID: 35270427 PMCID: PMC8910422 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of general and abdominal obesity is increasing with rapid economic growth and the westernization of dietary habits in Korea, especially in the middle-aged population. Data were obtained from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), which recruited 10,030 participants between the ages of 40 and 69 years. Information on green tea consumption was obtained from the food frequency questionnaire and categorized as none, <1 cup, between 1 and <4 cups, and ≥4 cups. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the ORs and 95% CIs to examine any possible associations between green tea consumption and the risk of abdominal obesity after controlling for potential confounders. High consumption of green tea was associated with a 44% lower odds ratio for abdominal obesity (none vs. ≥4 cups/week: OR, 0.56; 95% CI 0.41-0.78; p for trend = 0.001). When stratified by sex, an inverse association between green tea consumption and abdominal obesity was observed only in women (none vs. ≥4 cups/week: OR, 0.71; 95% CI 0.57−0.88; p for trend = 0.004). No significant association was found among men. Our findings indicate that green tea consumption has beneficial effects in the prevention of abdominal obesity in middle-aged Korean women.
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Rudrapal M, Khairnar SJ, Khan J, Dukhyil AB, Ansari MA, Alomary MN, Alshabrmi FM, Palai S, Deb PK, Devi R. Dietary Polyphenols and Their Role in Oxidative Stress-Induced Human Diseases: Insights Into Protective Effects, Antioxidant Potentials and Mechanism(s) of Action. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:806470. [PMID: 35237163 PMCID: PMC8882865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.806470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary polyphenols including phenolic acids, flavonoids, catechins, tannins, lignans, stilbenes, and anthocyanidins are widely found in grains, cereals, pulses, vegetables, spices, fruits, chocolates, and beverages like fruit juices, tea, coffee and wine. In recent years, dietary polyphenols have gained significant interest among researchers due to their potential chemopreventive/protective functions in the maintenance of human health and diseases. It is believed that dietary polyphenols/flavonoids exert powerful antioxidant action for protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS)/cellular oxidative stress (OS) towards the prevention of OS-related pathological conditions or diseases. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence strongly suggest that long term consumption of diets rich in polyphenols offer protection against the development of various chronic diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, diabetes, inflammatory disorders and infectious illness. Increased intake of foods containing polyphenols (for example, quercetin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, cyanidin etc.) has been claimed to reduce the extent of a majority of chronic oxidative cellular damage, DNA damage, tissue inflammations, viral/bacterial infections, and neurodegenerative diseases. It has been suggested that the antioxidant activity of dietary polyphenols plays a pivotal role in the prevention of OS-induced human diseases. In this narrative review, the biological/pharmacological significance of dietary polyphenols in the prevention of and/or protection against OS-induced major human diseases such as cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, CVDs, diabetes mellitus, cancer, inflammatory disorders and infectious diseases have been delineated. This review specifically focuses a current understanding on the dietary sources of polyphenols and their protective effects including mechanisms of action against various major human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithun Rudrapal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Rasiklal M. Dhariwal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Pune, India
- *Correspondence: Mithun Rudrapal,
| | | | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
- Health and Basic Sciences Research Center, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Bin Dukhyil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad N. Alomary
- National Centre for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M. Alshabrmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Santwana Palai
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Prashanta Kumar Deb
- Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
| | - Rajlakshmi Devi
- Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
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Chan YH, Ramji DP. Atherosclerosis: Pathogenesis and Key Cellular Processes, Current and Emerging Therapies, Key Challenges, and Future Research Directions. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2419:3-19. [PMID: 35237955 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1924-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the principal cause of cardiovascular disease that continues to be a substantial drain on healthcare systems, being responsible for about 31% of all global deaths. Atherogenesis is influenced by a range of factors, including oxidative stress, inflammation, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, and is ultimately driven by the accumulation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol within the arterial wall of medium and large arteries. Lipoprotein accumulation stimulates the infiltration of immune cells (such as monocytes/macrophages and T-lymphocytes), some of which take up the lipoprotein, leading to the formation of lipid-laden foam cells. Foam cell death results in increased accumulation of dead cells, cellular debris and extracellular cholesterol, forming a lipid-rich necrotic core. Vascular smooth muscle cells from the arterial media also migrate into the intima layer and proliferate, taking up the available lipids to become foam cells and producing extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen and elastin. Plaque progression is characterized by the formation of a fibrous cap composed of extracellular matrix proteins and smooth muscle cells, which acts to stabilize the atherosclerotic plaque. Degradation, thinning, and subsequent rupture of the fibrous cap leads to lumen-occlusive atherothrombosis, most commonly resulting in heart attack or stroke. This chapter describes the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, current and emerging therapies, key challenges, and future directions of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee-Hung Chan
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Dipak P Ramji
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Wang Z, Wei J, Wang Y, Zhu T, Huang M, Wu J, Xu Y, Zhang J, Wang B. A new method to predict the content changes of aroma compounds during the aging process of Niulanshan Baijiu using the GM (1,1) gray model. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) Beijing China
| | - Jinwang Wei
- Niulanshan Distillery Beijing Shunxin Agriculture Co. Ltd. Beijing China
| | - Ying Wang
- Niulanshan Distillery Beijing Shunxin Agriculture Co. Ltd. Beijing China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Niulanshan Distillery Beijing Shunxin Agriculture Co. Ltd. Beijing China
| | - Mingquan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) Beijing China
| | - Jihong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) Beijing China
| | - Youqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) Beijing China
| | - Jinglin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) Beijing China
| | - Bowen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brewing Molecular Engineering of China Light Industry Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU) Beijing China
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Alotaibi BS, Ijaz M, Buabeid M, Kharaba ZJ, Yaseen HS, Murtaza G. Therapeutic Effects and Safe Uses of Plant-Derived Polyphenolic Compounds in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4713-4732. [PMID: 34848944 PMCID: PMC8619826 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s327238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols have long been recognized as health-promoting entities, including beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease, but their reputation has been boosted recently following a number of encouraging clinical studies in multiple chronic pathologies, that seem to validate efficacy. Health benefits of polyphenols have been linked to their well-established powerful antioxidant activity. This review aims to provide comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge on the current therapeutic status of polyphenols having sufficient heed towards the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, data about the safety profile of highly efficacious polyphenols has also been investigated to further enhance their role in cardiac abnormalities. Evidence is presented to support the action of phenolic derivatives against cardiovascular pathologies by following receptors and signaling pathways which ultimately cause changes in endogenous antioxidant, antiplatelet, vasodilatory, and anti-inflammatory activities. In addition, in vitro antioxidant and pre-clinical and clinical experiments on anti-inflammatory as well as immunomodulatory attributes of polyphenols have revealed their role as cardioprotective agents. However, an obvious shortage of in vivo studies related to dose selection and toxicity of polyphenols makes these compounds a suitable target for clinical investigations. Further studies are needed for the development of safe and potent herbal products against cardiovascular diseases. The novelty of this review is to provide comprehensive knowledge on polyphenols safety and their health claims. It will help researchers to identify those moieties which likely exert protective and therapeutic effects towards cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah Shadid Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munazza Ijaz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manal Buabeid
- Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research Centre, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zelal Jaber Kharaba
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hafiza Sidra Yaseen
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Maleki V, Taheri E, Varshosaz P, Tabrizi FPF, Moludi J, Jafari-Vayghan H, Shadnoush M, Jabbari SHY, Seifoleslami M, Alizadeh M. A comprehensive insight into effects of green tea extract in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:147. [PMID: 34551795 PMCID: PMC8459558 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00831-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women, is characterized by oxidative stress and ovarian tissue inflammation. Green tea extract (GTE) potentially possesses therapeutic effects for PCOS because of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds. This systematic review evaluates the potential roles of GTE on metabolic variables, hormone levels, and ovarian function in PCOS. METHODS A systematic review was conducted of published studies reporting the effects of GTE on PCOS. Several major databases, including PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, were searched up from inception to April 2021. Clinical trials and animal studies that assessed the effects of GTE on PCOS were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS Of 314 articles found in the search, four human studies and four animal studies were included. All studies in humans showed the effects of GTE on weight loss. GTE's effect on decreasing testosterone levels in humans and LH levels in animals were also reported. In addition, increases in FSH and progesterone levels in animal models were observed. Although GTE improved fasting blood sugar and insulin levels, the effect of GTE on inflammatory parameters, such as TNF-alpha and IL-6 and antioxidant status, was limited to animal studies. CONCLUSION Therefore, this review suggests that GTE could be considered a potential agent to attenuate PCOS complications mainly due to its effect on weight loss and glycemic levels. However, more studies are needed to formulate conclusions about the effects and mechanisms of GTE in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Maleki
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Milad General Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
- Gynecology Department, Khanevade Hospital, AJA University of medical science, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ehsaneh Taheri
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Varshosaz
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Biology and Biomolecular Sciences Program, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jalal Moludi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Shadnoush
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehri Seifoleslami
- Gynecology Department, Khanevade Hospital, AJA University of medical science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Lee SG, Kang H. Anti-Obesity and Lipid Metabolism Effects of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:1011-1021. [PMID: 34099594 PMCID: PMC9706023 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2102.02015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Japanese elm) is used in Korea and other East Asian countries as a traditional herbal remedy to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases and ailments such as edema, gastric cancer and mastitis. For this study, we investigated the lipid metabolism and anti-obesity efficacy of ethyl alcohol extract of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica root bark (UDE). First, HPLC was performed to quantify the level of (+)-catechin, the active ingredient of UDE. In the following experiments, cultured 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed murine model were studied for anti-obesity efficacy by testing the lipid metabolism effects of UDE and (+)-catechin. In the test using 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes, treatment with UDE inhibited adipocyte differentiation and significantly reduced the production of adipogenic genes and transcription factors PPARγ, C/EBPα and SREBP-1c. HFD-fed, obese mice were administered with UDE (200 mg/kg per day) and (+)-catechin (30 mg/kg per day) by oral gavage for 4 weeks. Weight gain, epididymal and abdominal adipose tissue mass were significantly reduced, and a change in adipocyte size was observed in the UDE and (+)-catechin treatment groups compared to the untreated control group (***p < 0.001). Significantly lower total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were detected in UDE-treated HFD mice compared to the control, revealing the efficacy of UDE. In addition, it was found that lipid accumulation in hepatocytes was also significantly reduced after administration of UDE. These results suggest that UDE has significant anti-obesity and lipid metabolism effects through inhibition of adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Gyu Lee
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-41-550-3015 Fax: +82-41-559-7934 E-mail:
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Ali MY, Sina AAI, Khandker SS, Neesa L, Tanvir EM, Kabir A, Khalil MI, Gan SH. Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Compounds in Tomatoes and Their Impact on Human Health and Disease: A Review. Foods 2020; 10:E45. [PMID: 33375293 PMCID: PMC7823427 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomatoes are consumed worldwide as fresh vegetables because of their high contents of essential nutrients and antioxidant-rich phytochemicals. Tomatoes contain minerals, vitamins, proteins, essential amino acids (leucine, threonine, valine, histidine, lysine, arginine), monounsaturated fatty acids (linoleic and linolenic acids), carotenoids (lycopene and β-carotenoids) and phytosterols (β-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol). Lycopene is the main dietary carotenoid in tomato and tomato-based food products and lycopene consumption by humans has been reported to protect against cancer, cardiovascular diseases, cognitive function and osteoporosis. Among the phenolic compounds present in tomato, quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin, caffeic acid and lutein are the most common. Many of these compounds have antioxidant activities and are effective in protecting the human body against various oxidative stress-related diseases. Dietary tomatoes increase the body's level of antioxidants, trapping reactive oxygen species and reducing oxidative damage to important biomolecules such as membrane lipids, enzymatic proteins and DNA, thereby ameliorating oxidative stress. We reviewed the nutritional and phytochemical compositions of tomatoes. In addition, the impacts of the constituents on human health, particularly in ameliorating some degenerative diseases, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yousuf Ali
- Laboratory of Preventive and Integrative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; (M.Y.A.); (S.S.K.); (A.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Ali Ibn Sina
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Shahad Saif Khandker
- Laboratory of Preventive and Integrative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; (M.Y.A.); (S.S.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Lutfun Neesa
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, Dhaka 8100, Bangladesh;
| | - E. M. Tanvir
- Veterinary Drug Residue Analysis Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh;
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Alamgir Kabir
- Laboratory of Preventive and Integrative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; (M.Y.A.); (S.S.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Md Ibrahim Khalil
- Laboratory of Preventive and Integrative Biomedicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; (M.Y.A.); (S.S.K.); (A.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
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Sharif H, Akash MSH, Rehman K, Irshad K, Imran I. Pathophysiology of atherosclerosis: Association of risk factors and treatment strategies using plant-based bioactive compounds. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13449. [PMID: 32851658 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, endothelial cells act as protective barrier which prevents direct contact of blood with circulating factors via production of tissue plasminogen activator. Risk factors of metabolic disorders are responsible to induce endothelial dysfunction and may consequently lead to prognosis of atherosclerosis. This article summarizes the process of atherosclerosis which involves number of sequences including formation and interaction of AGE-RAGE, activation of polyol pathway, protein kinase C, and hexosamine-mediated pathway. All these mechanisms can lead to the development of oxidative stress which may further aggravate condition. Different pharmacological interventions are being used to treat atherosclerosis, however, these might be associated with mild to severe side effects. Therefore, plant-based bioactive compounds having potential to combat and prevent atherosclerosis in diabetic patients are attaining recent focus. By understanding process of development and mechanisms involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation, these bioactive compounds can be better option for future therapeutic interventions for atherosclerosis treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Atherosclerosis is one of major underlying disorders of cardiovascular diseases which occur through multiple mechanisms and is associated with metabolic disorders. Conventional therapeutic interventions are not only used to treat atherosclerosis, but are also commonly associated with mild to severe side effects. Therefore, nowadays, bioactive compounds having potential to combat and prevent atherosclerosis in diabetic patients are preferred. By understanding mechanisms involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation, bioactive compounds can be better understood for treatment of atherosclerosis. In this manuscript, we have focused on treatment strategies of atherosclerosis using bioactive compounds notably alkaloids and flavonoids having diverse pharmacological and therapeutic potentials with special focus on the mechanism of action of these bioactive compounds suitable for treatment of atherosclerosis. This manuscript will provide the scientific insights of bioactive compounds to researchers who are working in the area of drug discovery and development to control pathogenesis and development of atherosclerosis and its associated cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Sharif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Irshad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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Saqib F, Arif Aslam M, Mujahid K, Marceanu L, Moga M, Ahmedah HT, Chicea L. Studies to Elucidate the Mechanism of Cardio Protective and Hypotensive Activities of Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex DC.) in Rodents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153471. [PMID: 32751601 PMCID: PMC7436098 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex DC.) is a folkloric medicinal plant in Asia; including Pakistan; used as a traditional remedy for cardiovascular disorders. This study was planned to establish a pharmacological basis for the trivial uses of Anogeissus acuminata in certain medical conditions related to cardiovascular systems and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Mechanistic studies suggested that crude extract of Anogeissus acuminata (Aa.Cr) produced in vitro cardio-relaxant and vasorelaxant effects in isolated paired atria and aorta coupled with in vivo decrease in blood pressure by invasive method; using pressure and force transducers connected to Power Lab Data Acquisition System. Moreover; Aa.Cr showed positive effects in left ventricular hypertrophy in Sprague Dawley rats observed hemodynamically by a decrease in cardiac cell size and fibrosis; along with absence of inflammatory cells; coupled with reduced levels of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and renin concentration along with increased concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). In Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) model; creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH levels) were found to be decreased; along with decreased necrosis; edema and recruitment of inflammatory cells histologically. In vivo and ex vivo studies of Anogeissus acuminata provided evidence of vasorelaxant; hypotensive and cardioprotective properties facilitated through blockage of voltage-gated Ca++ ion channel; validating its use in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Saqib
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (F.S.); (M.A.A.); (K.M.)
| | - Muhammad Arif Aslam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (F.S.); (M.A.A.); (K.M.)
| | - Khizra Mujahid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (F.S.); (M.A.A.); (K.M.)
| | - Luigi Marceanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania;
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (H.T.A.); Tel.: +40-744674478 (L.M.); +966-541417822 (H.T.A.)
| | - Marius Moga
- Faculty of Medicine, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500019 Brasov, Romania;
| | - Hanadi Talal Ahmedah
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (L.M.); (H.T.A.); Tel.: +40-744674478 (L.M.); +966-541417822 (H.T.A.)
| | - Liana Chicea
- “Victor Papilian” Medical School, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
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Estrogenic biological activity and underlying molecular mechanisms of green tea constituents. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Tian T, Lv J, Jin G, Yu C, Guo Y, Bian Z, Yang L, Chen Y, Shen H, Chen Z, Hu Z, Li L. Tea consumption and risk of stroke in Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million men and women. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:197-206. [PMID: 31711152 PMCID: PMC7223259 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many cohort studies have explored the relation between tea consumption and stroke risk; however, the conclusions have been inconsistent. In addition, evidence is lacking in China, where the patterns of tea consumption and main types of tea consumed differ substantially from those in high-income countries. OBJECTIVE We aimed to systematically assess the association of tea consumption with the risk of stroke based on a Chinese large-scale cohort study. METHODS A total of 487,377 participants from the China Kadoorie Biobank were included in the present study. Detailed information about tea consumption (including frequency, duration, amount, and tea type) was self-reported at baseline. After ∼4.3 million person-years of follow-up, 38,727 incident cases of stroke were recorded, mainly through linkage with mortality and morbidity registries and based on the national health insurance system. RESULTS Overall, 128,280 adults (26.3%) reported drinking tea almost daily (41.4% men, 15.9% women), predominantly green tea (86.7%). Tea consumption had an inverse and dose-response relation with the risk of stroke (Ptrend < 0.001). Compared with nonconsumers, those who consumed tea occasionally, weekly, and daily had adjusted HRs and 95% CIs of 0.96 (0.94, 0.99), 0.94 (0.90, 0.98), and 0.92 (0.89, 0.95) respectively, with little difference by stroke type. Among those who consumed tea daily, the HRs for stroke decreased with the increasing duration and amount of tea consumed (all P < 0.001). These inverse associations were significant for green tea but not for other types of tea. Among men, but not women, the inverse relations could be detected, and similar inverse associations could be found for male noncurrent alcohol-consumers and noncurrent smokers as well. CONCLUSIONS Among Chinese adults, higher consumption of tea, especially green tea, was associated with a lower risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Bian
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yiping Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Farkhondeh T, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Ashrafizadeh M, Folgado SL, Rajabpour-Sanati A, Khazdair MR, Samarghandian S. Green tea catechins inhibit microglial activation which prevents the development of neurological disorders. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:1792-1798. [PMID: 32246619 PMCID: PMC7513986 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.280300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The over-activated microglial cells induce neuroinflammation which has the main role in neurological disorders. The over-activated microglia can disturb neuronal function by releasing inflammatory mediators leading to neuronal dysfunctions and death. Thus, inhibition of over-activated microglia may be an effective therapeutic approach for modulating neuroinflammation. Experimental studies have indicated anti-neuroinflammatory effects of flavonoids such as green tea catechins. The current research was aimed to review the effect of green tea catechins in inhibiting microglial cells, inflammatory cascades, and subsequent neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Silvia Llorens Folgado
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Albacete, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Center; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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Leger T, He B, Azarnoush K, Jouve C, Rigaudiere JP, Joffre F, Bouvier D, Sapin V, Pereira B, Demaison L. Dietary EPA Increases Rat Mortality in Diabetes Mellitus, A Phenomenon Which Is Compensated by Green Tea Extract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8110526. [PMID: 31690052 PMCID: PMC6912216 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8110526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is characterized by a high mortality rate which is often associated with heart failure. Green tea and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are known to lessen some of the harmful impacts of diabetes and to exert cardio-protection. The aim of the study was to determine the effects of EPA, green tea extract (GTE), and a combination of both on the cardiac consequences of diabetes mellitus, induced in Wistar rats by injection of a low dose of streptozotocin (33 mg/kg) combined with a high fat diet. Cardiac mechanical function, coronary reactivity, and parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation, and energy metabolism were evaluated. In the context of diabetes, GTE alone limited several diabetes-related symptoms such as inflammation. It also slightly improved coronary reactivity and considerably enhanced lipid metabolism. EPA alone caused the rapid death of the animals, but this effect was negated by the addition of GTE in the diet. EPA and GTE combined enhanced coronary reactivity considerably more than GTE alone. In a context of significant oxidative stress such as during diabetes mellitus, EPA enrichment constitutes a risk factor for animal survival. It is essential to associate it with the antioxidants contained in GTE in order to decrease mortality rate and preserve cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Leger
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Beibei He
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Kasra Azarnoush
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Heart Surgery Department, Gabriel Montpied Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
- Hôpital Nord, Saint-Etienne University Hospital, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
| | - Chrystèle Jouve
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Jean-Paul Rigaudiere
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Florent Joffre
- ITERG, 11 rue Gaspard Monge, - ZA Pessac Canéjan, F-33610 Canéjan, France.
| | - Damien Bouvier
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Vincent Sapin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Department of Clinical Research and Innovation, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Luc Demaison
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), INRA/Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Sun M, Shen Z, Zhou Q, Wang M. Identification of the antiglycative components of Hong Dou Shan (Taxus chinensis) leaf tea. Food Chem 2019; 297:124942. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Effects of (+)-catechin on the differentiation and lipid metabolism of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Abdel-Ghaf O, Hegab AM, Rayan EI. Evaluation of Antioxidative Effect of Green Tea Catechins Against Isoniazid-induced Biochemical Alterations in Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.777.789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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El Sebaei M, El-Bahr SM, Al-Nazawi M, Abdel-Rahe S. Effects of Green Tea on Adipose Gene Expression, Hepatic Antioxidants and Lipid Profile in Obese Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.542.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Jeong KH, Lee HJ, Park TS, Shim SM. Catechins Controlled Bioavailability of Benzo[a]pyrene (B[α]P) from the Gastrointestinal Tract to the Brain towards Reducing Brain Toxicity Using the In Vitro Bio-Mimic System Coupled with Sequential Co-Cultures. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112175. [PMID: 31185615 PMCID: PMC6600685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to examine the preventive effect of green tea catechins on the transport of Benzo[a]pyrene (B[α]P) into the brain using an in vitro bio-mimic system coupled with sequential co-cultures. When 72 μM of catechins was pre-treated, cellular cytotoxicity induced by IC50 of B[α]P in human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) was reduced by 27% and 26%, respectively. The cellular integrity measured in HBMECs, which was exposed to IC50 of B[α]P, slowly decreased. However, the pre-treatment of catechins retained cellular integrity that was 1.14 times higher than with the absence of catechins. Co-consumption of catechins reduced not only the bio-accessibility of B[α]P in digestive fluid, but it also decreased absorption of B[α]P in human intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) with a HepG2 co-culture system. It was found that approximately a two times lower amount of B[α]P was transported via the blood-brain barrier (BBB) compared to only the B[α]P intake. These results are taken in conjunction with each other support that catechins could be able to prevent brain toxicity induced by B[α]P in the human body by limiting the bio-availability of B[α]P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Hyun Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Korea.
| | - Hyun Jeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Korea.
| | - Tae-Sik Park
- Department of Life Science, Gachon University, Bokjung-dong, Sujung-gu, Sungnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
| | - Soon-Mi Shim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-747, Korea.
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Guo F, Zhang W, Su J, Xu H, Yang H. Prediction of Drug Positioning for Quan-Du-Zhong Capsules Against Hypertensive Nephropathy Based on the Robustness of Disease Network. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:49. [PMID: 30809144 PMCID: PMC6379470 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive nephropathy (HN) is a medical condition in which chronic high blood pressure causes different kidney damage, including vascular, glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions. For HN patients, glomerular and tubulointerstitial lesions occur in different renal structure with distinct mechanisms in the progression of renal damage. As an extraction of Eucommia ulmoides, Quan-du-zhong capsule (QDZJN) has the potential to treat HN due to antihypertensive and renal protective activities. Complicated mechanism of HN underlying various renal lesions and the “multi-component and multi-target” characteristics of QDZJN make identifying drug positioning for various renal lesions of HN complex. Here, we proposed an approach based on drug perturbation of disease network robustness, that is used to assess QDZJN positioning for various HN lesions. Topological characteristics of drug-attacked nodes in disease network were used to evaluated nodes importance to network. To evaluate drug attack on the whole disease network of various HN lesions, the robustness of disease networks before/after drug attack were assessed and compared with null models generated from random networks. We found that potential targets of QDZJN were specifically expressed in the kidneys and tended to participate in the “inflammatory response,” “regulation of blood pressure,” and “response to LPS and hypoxia,” and they were also key factors of HN. Based on network robustness assessment, QDZJN may specifically target glomeruli account to the stronger influence on glomerular network after removal of its potential targets. This prediction strategy of drug positioning is suitable for multi-component drugs based on drug perturbation of disease network robustness for two renal compartments, glomeruli and tubules. A stronger influence on the disease network of glomeruli than of tubules indicated that QDZJN may specifically target glomerular lesion of HN patients and will provide more evidence for precise clinical application of QDZJN against HN. Drug positioning approach we proposed also provides a new strategy for predicting precise clinical use of multi-target drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Su
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Fragopoulou E, Gavriil L, Argyrou C, Malagaris I, Choleva M, Antonopoulou S, Afxentiou G, Nikolaou E. Suppression of DNA/RNA and protein oxidation by dietary supplement which contains plant extracts and vitamins: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:187. [PMID: 30115068 PMCID: PMC6097198 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0836-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive oxidative stress may impair bio-molecules and cellular function. Multi antioxidant supplementation is thought to be more effective than a single antioxidant probably through the synergistic or complementary action of natural substances that could enhance the prospective effect. Methods In order to estimate the effect of a plant extract based supplement in apparently healthy volunteers’ oxidative stress markers, a double-blind and placebo controlled intervention was performed. 62 apparently healthy volunteers, overweight with medium adherence to the Mediterranean diet, were recruited and randomly allocated into two intervention groups (supplement or placebo) for 8 weeks. Basic biochemical markers, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), resistance of serum in oxidation, protein carbonyls in serum and 8-isoprostane and DNA/RNA damage in urine were measured. Results No differentiation was observed in basic biochemical markers, in oxLDL levels as well as in serum resistance against oxidation, during intervention in the examined groups. A significant resistance regarding urine isoprostanes levels in the supplement group compared to the placebo one, was observed. Reduction on DNA/RNA damage and on protein carbonyls levels (almost 30% and 20% respectively, at 8 weeks) was detected in volunteers who consumed the supplement compared to the control group. Conclusion Consumption of plant extract based supplement seems to reduce DNA/RNA and protein oxidation and in less extent lipids peroxidation. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier for this study is: NCT02837107.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Fragopoulou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 Eleftheriou Venizelou Avenue Kallithea, 17671, Athens, Greece.
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Green Tea Catechins: Their Use in Treating and Preventing Infectious Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9105261. [PMID: 30105263 PMCID: PMC6076941 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9105261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Green tea is one of the most popular drinks consumed worldwide. Produced mainly in Asian countries from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant, the potential health benefits have been widely studied. Recently, researchers have studied the ability of green tea to eradicate infectious agents and the ability to actually prevent infections. The important components in green tea that show antimicrobial properties are the catechins. The four main catechins that occur in green tea are (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Of these catechins, EGCG and EGC are found in the highest amounts in green tea and have been the subject of most of the studies. These catechins have been shown to demonstrate a variety of antimicrobial properties, both to organisms affected and in mechanisms used. Consumption of green tea has been shown to distribute these compounds and/or their metabolites throughout the body, which allows for not only the possibility of treatment of infections but also the prevention of infections.
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Roselle Anthocyanins: Antioxidant Properties and Stability to Heat and pH. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061357. [PMID: 29874816 PMCID: PMC6100195 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Roselle is rich in anthocyanins and is traditionally used to prepare a bright red beverage by decoction. However, heat treatment and different pH environments are often encountered during food processing, and these factors are often detrimental to anthocyanins. Therefore, it is very important to understand the influence of pH and heat treatment on anthocyanins for the application of roselle. This study determined the antioxidant properties of roselle extract, explored changes in the color and anthocyanin content in different pH environments, and evaluated the thermal stability of roselle anthocyanins using kinetic equations. The results showed that the roselle extract is rich in anthocyanins and has good antioxidant capacity (DPPH IC50 = 4.06 mg/mL, ABTS IC50 = 3.7 mg/mL). The anthocyanins themselves exhibited a certain degree of heat resistance and good color stability in an acidic environment. In contrast, they degraded very quickly and exhibited significant changes in color in a low-acid environment. The activation energy (Ea) ranges of the anthocyanins in the acidic and low-acid environments were quite different at 55.8–95.7 and 31.4–74.9 kJ/mol, respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that roselle anthocyanins are susceptible to heat treatment in a low-acid environment, affecting their quality and appearance; however, they can serve as a good source of functional ingredients and color in an acidic environment.
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MacRae K, Connolly K, Vella R, Fenning A. Epicatechin's cardiovascular protective effects are mediated via opioid receptors and nitric oxide. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:515-527. [PMID: 29748816 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality globally. Epicatechin has previously been shown to improve vascular responses and possess cardioprotective properties. However, the mechanisms underpinning these cardiotropic outcomes remain unknown. The aim of this study was to further identify epicatechin's mechanism of action in the cardiovasculature. METHODS The effects of epicatechin on isolated rat conduit arteries, resistance vessels and cardiac electrophysiology were investigated on resting tension and precontracted vessels and cardiac action potential parameters, both in the presence and in the absence of various antagonists. RESULTS At resting tension, epicatechin alone did not affect the vasoreactivity of either conduit or resistance vessels. In noradrenaline pre-contracted thoracic aortic arteries and potassium chloride pre-contracted mesenteric vessels, epicatechin (10-9-10-4 M) induced significant vasorelaxation. The addition of naloxone (10-5 M), NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (10-5M), 4-aminopyridine (5 mM) and verapamil (10-5 M) attenuated epicatechin-mediated vasorelaxation. No change in epicatechin-mediated vasorelaxation was observed with the addition of atropine (10-5 M). Epicatechin significantly improved cardiac electrophysiology by reducing the resting membrane potential, action potential amplitude and force of contraction that was mitigated following the addition of naloxone (10-5 M). Epicatechin significantly decreased the action potential duration at 20, 50 and 90% duration and time to 90% relaxation of force that was unchanged following the addition of naloxone (10-5 M). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest epicatechin's vascular responses and cardioprotective effects are mediated through opioid receptors, nitric oxide, potassium channel and calcium channel activation and highlight the importance of the endothelium/nitric oxide in epicatechin mediated vasorelaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty MacRae
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, Building 81, North Rockhampton, QLD, 4702, Australia
| | - Kylie Connolly
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, Building 81, North Rockhampton, QLD, 4702, Australia
| | - Rebecca Vella
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, Building 81, North Rockhampton, QLD, 4702, Australia
| | - Andrew Fenning
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, Building 81, North Rockhampton, QLD, 4702, Australia.
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Bernatoniene J, Kopustinskiene DM. The Role of Catechins in Cellular Responses to Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23040965. [PMID: 29677167 PMCID: PMC6017297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23040965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Catechins are polyphenolic compounds—flavanols of the flavonoid family found in a variety of plants. Green tea, wine and cocoa-based products are the main dietary sources of these flavanols. Catechins have potent antioxidant properties, although in some cases they may act in the cell as pro-oxidants. Catechins are reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and metal ion chelators, whereas their indirect antioxidant activities comprise induction of antioxidant enzymes, inhibition of pro-oxidant enzymes, and production of the phase II detoxification enzymes and antioxidant enzymes. Oxidative stress and ROS are implicated in aging and related dysfunctions, such as neurodegenerative disease, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Due to their antioxidant properties, catechins may be beneficial in preventing and protecting against diseases caused by oxidative stress. This article reviews the biochemical properties of catechins, their antioxidant activity, and the mechanisms of action involved in the prevention of oxidative stress-caused diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurga Bernatoniene
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Dalia Marija Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu 4, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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Szulińska M, Stępień M, Kręgielska-Narożna M, Suliburska J, Skrypnik D, Bąk-Sosnowska M, Kujawska-Łuczak M, Grzymisławska M, Bogdański P. Effects of green tea supplementation on inflammation markers, antioxidant status and blood pressure in NaCl-induced hypertensive rat model. Food Nutr Res 2017; 61:1295525. [PMID: 28326006 PMCID: PMC5345575 DOI: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1295525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies indicate the important role of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Green tea, due to the high content of catechins, shows high antioxidant activity. Objective: To determine the effect of supplementation with green tea extract on the blood pressure, on the concentration of selected parameters of inflammation and antioxidant status in the model of high-sodium-diet induced hypertension. Design: The study lasted 42 days. The experimental population consisted of 30 rats. The rats were divided into three groups. The rats in the control group were fed a standard diet with 35 g of NaCl per kg of diet, in the second group hypertensive rats were fed a standard diet with NaCl (35 g/kg diet) and with an extract of green tea (2 g/kg diet). The third group consisted of hypertensive rats fed a standard diet with NaCl (35 g/kg diet), and 4 g of green tea extract/kg diet. Results: Supplementation with green tea had no effect on body mass of rats on a high-sodium diet. At the end of the experiment systolic blood pressures in SH2 and SH4 groups were significantly lower than in the control group SK. The SH4 group was characterized by a significantly lower diastolic blood pressure value and concentration of TNF-α in comparison to the SK group. The rats from both SH2 and SH4 groups were characterized by higher total antioxidant status values compared to the control group. Discussion: The mechanism of the beneficial effects of green tea on blood pressure is not clear, but it is believed that it is related to its omnidirectional properties. Conclusions: Supplementation of green tea has a beneficial effect on blood pressure, markers of inflammation and antioxidant status in an experimental model of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Szulińska
- Department of Education and Obesity Treatment and Metabolic Disorders, Poznań University of Medical Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Marta Stępień
- Department of Education and Obesity Treatment and Metabolic Disorders, Poznań University of Medical Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Matylda Kręgielska-Narożna
- Department of Education and Obesity Treatment and Metabolic Disorders, Poznań University of Medical Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznań University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Disorders and Hypertension, Poznań University of Medical Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | - Monika Bąk-Sosnowska
- Department of Psychology, Chair of Philosophy and Humanities, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia , Katowice , Poland
| | - Magdalena Kujawska-Łuczak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Metabolic Disorders and Hypertension, Poznań University of Medical Sciences , Poznań , Poland
| | | | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Education and Obesity Treatment and Metabolic Disorders, Poznań University of Medical Sciences , Poznań , Poland
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Xie J, Yun JP, Yang YN, Hua F, Zhang XW, Lin H, Lv XX, Li K, Zhang PC, Hu ZW. A novel ECG analog 4-(S)-(2,4,6-trimethylthiobenzyl)-epigallocatechin gallate selectively induces apoptosis of B16-F10 melanoma via activation of autophagy and ROS. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42194. [PMID: 28186123 PMCID: PMC5301500 DOI: 10.1038/srep42194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy-induced cancer cell death has become a novel strategy for the development of cancer therapeutic drugs. Numerous studies have indicated that green tea polyphenols induce both autophagy and apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells. Here, we synthesized a series of green tea polyphenol analogues, among which JP8 was shown to potently activate autophagy. JP8 treatment had a stronger effect on apoptosis in B16-F10 melanoma cells than that in normal AML-12 hepatocytes. JP8 selectively resulted in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in B16-F10 cells, and this effect was associated with corresponding increases in key components of the ER stress-mediated apoptosis pathway. Pharmacological inhibition of ROS by N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) attenuated JP8-induced autophagy and apoptosis, indicating an upstream role of ROS in JP8-induced autophagy. An in vivo study showed that JP8 had significant antitumor effects in a B16-F10 xenograft mouse model. Our results indicate that JP8 is a novel anticancer candidate with both autophagy and ROS induction activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju-Ping Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xi Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Li
- Laboratory of Antiviral Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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Antioxidant and Vasodilator Activity of Ugni molinae Turcz. (Murtilla) and Its Modulatory Mechanism in Hypotensive Response. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:6513416. [PMID: 27688827 PMCID: PMC5027056 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6513416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a systemic condition with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide, which poses an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we demonstrated the antioxidant and vasodilator activity of Ugni molinae Turcz. (Murtilla) fruit, a berry native to Chile and proposed models to explain its modulatory mechanism in hypotensive response. Murtilla fruits were cultivated in a germplasm bank and submitted to chemical and biological analyses. The phenolic compounds gallic acid, Catechin, Quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside, Myricetin, Quercetin, and Kaempferol were identified. Murtilla extract did not generate toxic effects on human endothelial cells and had significant antioxidant activity against ROS production, lipid peroxidation, and superoxide anion production. Furthermore, it showed dose-dependent vasodilator activity in aortic rings in the presence of endothelium, whose hypotensive mechanism is partially mediated by nitric oxide synthase/guanylate cyclase and large-conductance calcium-dependent potassium channels. Murtilla fruits might potentially have beneficial effects on the management of cardiovascular diseases.
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The Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Green Tea Catechins on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in Humans: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. BEVERAGES 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages2020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Green tea consumption is associated with reduced incident CHD and improved CHD-related biomarkers in the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24353. [PMID: 27072746 PMCID: PMC4829846 DOI: 10.1038/srep24353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Prospective studies on the association of green tea with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence were scarce. This study examined whether green tea can reduce CHD incidence and have a beneficial effect on CHD-related risk markers in middle-aged and older Chinese population. We included 19 471 participants who were free of CHD, stroke or cancer at baseline from September 2008 to June 2010, and were followed until October 2013. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the hazard ratios (HR) of CHD incidence in relation to green tea consumption. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the effect of green tea on 5-year changes of CHD-related biomarkers. Compared with non-green tea consumers, the multivariable-adjusted HR for CHD was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.81-0.98) in green tea consumers. Particularly, the reduced risk of CHD incidence with green tea consumption was more evident among participants who were male, more than 60 years old, overweight, or with diabetes mellitus. In addition, green tea consumption improved multiple CHD-related risk markers including total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, mean platelet volume, and uric acid. In conclusion, green tea consumption was associated with a reduced risk of CHD incidence in the middle-aged and older Chinese populations, and the association might be partly due to altered CHD-related biomarkers.
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Hieda K, Sunagawa Y, Katanasaka Y, Hasegawa K, Morimoto T. Pharmacological effect of functional foods with a hypotensive action. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2015; 146:33-9. [PMID: 26165340 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.146.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Effects of an antioxidant beverage on biomarkers of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's patients. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:2105-16. [PMID: 26298312 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to test whether daily consumption of a beverage with high antioxidant power, combining extracts of green tea and apple over a period of 8 months, would affect blood and urinary concentrations of biomarkers of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's patients. METHODS The study included 100 subjects, 48 of them were Alzheimer's patients, aged 76.5 ± 3.5 years, and 52 were control subjects, aged 79 ± 4 years, without dementia. Three blood and urine samples were taken from each participant, the first (T i) before starting the antioxidant or placebo beverage intake, the second (T m) 4 months after the antioxidant or placebo beverage intake and the third (T f) 8 months after the antioxidant or placebo beverage intake, and concentrations of biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured on serum, lysed erythrocytes or urine by UV-Vis spectrophotometry or by competitive in vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, according to the parameter analyzed. RESULTS The administration of the antioxidant beverage to the Alzheimer's patients prevented the decrease in total antioxidant status in the moderate phase of the disease (T i = 1.40 ± 0.10 mmol/L vs T f = 1.20 ± 0.08 mmol/L), increased values of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in initial (165 and 24 % respectively) and moderate phase (75 and 85 % respectively), and prevented the increase in protein carbonyls in moderate phase (T i = 0.17 ± 0.07 nmol/mg protein vs T f = 0.21 ± 0.06 nmol/mg protein), with a significant decrease in protein carbonyls since the fourth month of the intake in initial phase (T m = 0.21 ± 0.06 nmol/mg protein vs T f = 0.11 ± 0.05 nmol/mg protein). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that antioxidant beverage could be used as a natural complementary therapy for alleviate or decrease the oxidative stress effects in the stages of Alzheimer's disease.
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Li W, Yang J, Zhu XS, Li SC, Ho PC. Correlation between tea consumption and prevalence of hypertension among Singaporean Chinese residents aged ⩾40 years. J Hum Hypertens 2015; 30:11-7. [PMID: 26016594 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2015.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
By a cross-sectional epidemiology study, we attempted to correlate the consumption of tea and/or health supplements, living habits and socio-demographic factors to the prevalence of hypertension among Singaporean Chinese residents. Singaporean Chinese residents aged ⩾40 years were randomly selected and interviewed face-to-face by clinical research assistants. Hypertension was defined as measured systolic blood pressure at least 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure at least 90 mmHg or self-reported history/treatment for hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension among the whole investigated population (N=1184, 58.27% females) was 49.73% and the prevalence increased to 66.47% in the sub-population aged ⩾60 years. High risk of hypertension was associated with age ⩾60 years (odds ratio (OR): 4.15-4.19, P<0.01), obesity (body mass index >25 kg m(-2), OR: 2.10-2.11, P<0.01), family history of hypertension (OR: 2.69-2.76, P<0.01), diabetes history (OR: 2.29-2.33, P<0.01), hyperlipidemia history (OR: 1.79-1.80, P<0.01), male (OR: 1.56-1.59, P<0.01) and coffee intake (OR: 1.44-1.46, P<0.05). In contrast, drinking green tea at least 150 ml per week was associated with lower hypertension risk (OR: 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43-0.91, P<0.05). Drinking combination of green tea and British tea was associated with higher reduction in the risk of hypertension (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.39-0.85, P<0.05). This cross-sectional study suggests that consumption of tea, especially green tea and British tea, was associated with lowering the risk of hypertension. On the other hand, consumption of coffee could be a risk factor of hypertension. These findings may provide useful information for health promotion to reduce risk of hypertension and warrant further study to confirm and elucidate such association.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Li
- Singapore College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - J Yang
- National University Hospital of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - X S Zhu
- Centre for Complementary Medicine Research, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S C Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P C Ho
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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di Gesso JL, Kerr JS, Zhang Q, Raheem S, Yalamanchili SK, O'Hagan D, Kay CD, O'Connell MA. Flavonoid metabolites reduce tumor necrosis factor-α secretion to a greater extent than their precursor compounds in human THP-1 monocytes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:1143-54. [PMID: 25801720 PMCID: PMC4973837 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Scope Flavonoids are generally studied in vitro, in isolation, and as unmetabolized precursor structures. However, in the habitual diet, multiple flavonoids are consumed together and found present in the circulation as complex mixtures of metabolites. Using a unique study design, we investigated the potential for singular or additive anti‐inflammatory effects of flavonoid metabolites relative to their precursor structures. Methods and results Six flavonoids, 14 flavonoid metabolites, and 29 combinations of flavonoids and their metabolites (0.1–10 μM) were screened for their ability to reduce LPS‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) secretion in THP‐1 monocytes. One micromolar peonidin‐3‐glucoside, cyanidin‐3‐glucoside, and the metabolites isovanillic acid (IVA), IVA‐glucuronide, vanillic acid‐glucuronide, protocatechuic acid‐3‐sulfate, and benzoic acid‐sulfate significantly reduced TNF‐α secretion when in isolation, while there was no effect on TNF‐α mRNA expression. Four combinations of metabolites that included 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid (4HBA) and/or protocatechuic acid also significantly reduced TNF‐α secretion to a greater extent than the precursors or metabolites alone. The effects on LPS‐induced IL‐1β and IL‐10 secretion and mRNA expression were also examined. 4HBA significantly reduced IL‐1β secretion but none of the flavonoids or metabolites significantly modified IL‐10 secretion. Conclusion This study provides novel evidence suggesting flavonoid bioactivity results from cumulative or additive effects of circulating metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L di Gesso
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Jason S Kerr
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Qingzhi Zhang
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - Saki Raheem
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | | | - David O'Hagan
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UK
| | - Colin D Kay
- Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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Imatoh T, Kamimura S, Miyazaki M. Coffee but not green tea consumption is associated with prevalence and severity of hepatic steatosis: the impact on leptin level. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 69:1023-7. [PMID: 25804274 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Most of the studies that have investigated the association between coffee consumption and hepatic steatosis have been experimental and small-scale clinical studies. As a result, epidemiological studies are scarce. To clear the association, we conducted a cross-sectional study and investigated the effects of coffee consumption with those of green tea consumption. SUBJECTS/METHODS We analyzed 1024 Japanese male workers. The diagnosis of hepatic steatosis was based on ultrasonography. We divided coffee and green tea consumption into the following three categories: non-drinker; 1-2 cups/day and ⩾3 cups/day. To investigate the association between hepatic steatosis and coffee or green tea consumption, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) and adjusted the means of leptin levels on each severity of hepatic steatosis. RESULTS A total of 265 of our subjects (25.9%) were diagnosed with hepatic steatosis. The ORs of the group of subjects who drank >3 cups of coffee/day was significantly lower compared with that of the noncoffee drinker group (OR 0.59, 95% confidence intervals 0.38-0.90, P=0.03). Although there was a significant difference between coffee consumption and leptin level only in the asymptomatic group, we found a decreasing trend in the asymptomatic and moderate-severe hepatic steatosis group. We did not find the same relationships in green tea consumption. CONCLUSIONS Although we did not find an association between hepatic steatosis and green tea consumption, coffee may have beneficial effects on hepatic steatosis. In addition, we produced one possible hypothesis that coffee consumption negatively associates with leptin levels in hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Imatoh
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - S Kamimura
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tenjin Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - M Miyazaki
- Saitama City Institute of Health Science and Research, Saitama, Japan
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Murray M, Walchuk C, Suh M, Jones PJ. Green tea catechins and cardiovascular disease risk factors: Should a health claim be made by the United States Food and Drug Administration? Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Association of green tea consumption with risk of coronary heart disease in Chinese population. Int J Cardiol 2014; 179:275-8. [PMID: 25464464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.11.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhang W, Geng T, Han W, Dou H. Tea intake and risk of oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:2142-50. [PMID: 25363316 PMCID: PMC4228949 DOI: 10.12659/msm.892333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between tea intake and risk of oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal carcinoma is still unclear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the effect of tea consumption on the incidence of oral, pharyngeal, and laryngeal cancer to provide a better understanding on this issue. Material/Methods A literature search was conducted before January 2014 in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. The relative risk (RR) estimates that extracted or calculated from all included studies were combined together. Given the existing heterogeneity in the study design and data source, a random-effects model was obtained. Results A total of 20 articles were included in the quantitative synthesis. Fourteen RR estimates (11 from case-control studies and 3 from cohort studies) were pooled together and the result demonstrated that tea consumption reduced the incidence of oral cancer (RR=0.85; 95% CI 0.76–0.96). The summary RR of 4 observational studies (3 case-control studies and 1 cohort study) for pharyngeal cancer was 0.87 (95% CI 0.74–1.04). The association between tea consumption and oral and pharyngeal carcinoma was reported. The summary RR for laryngeal carcinoma was 1.05 (95% CI 0.70–1.57). The Begg’s funnel plot and the Egger’s test showed no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions Tea consumption was associated with decreased risk of oral cancer, while no association was detected with oral/pharyngeal, pharyngeal, or laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Tao Geng
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical College, Tai'an, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Wenfei Han
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Huiqin Dou
- Department of Stomatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Abstract
Humans and their predecessors evolved in environments where they were challenged intermittently with: 1) food scarcity; 2) the need for aerobic fitness to catch/kill prey and avoid or repel attackers; and 3) exposure to biological toxins present in foodstuffs. Accordingly, cells and organ systems acquired and retained molecular signaling and metabolic pathways through which the environmental challenges enhanced the functionality and resilience of the cells and organisms. Within the past 60 years there has been a precipitous diminution of such challenges in modern societies because of the development of technologies that provide a continuous supply of energy-dense processed foods and that largely eliminate the need for physical exertion. As a consequence of the modern 'couch potato' lifestyle, signaling pathways that mediate beneficial effects of environmental challenges on health and disease resistance are disengaged, thereby rendering people vulnerable to obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Reversal of the epidemic of diseases caused by unchallenging lifestyles will require a society-wide effort to re-introduce intermittent fasting, exercise and consumption of plants containing hormetic phytochemicals into daily and weekly routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD. 21224
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Epigallocatechin gallate attenuates proliferation and oxidative stress in human vascular smooth muscle cells induced by interleukin-1β via heme oxygenase-1. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:523684. [PMID: 25386047 PMCID: PMC4214103 DOI: 10.1155/2014/523684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) triggered by inflammatory stimuli and oxidative stress contributes importantly to atherogenesis. The association of green tea consumption with cardiovascular protection has been well documented in epidemiological observations, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of the most active green tea catechin derivative, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), focusing particularly on the role of a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidative enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We found that pretreatment of EGCG dose- and time-dependently induced HO-1 protein levels in HASMCs. EGCG inhibited interleukin- (IL-)1β-induced HASMC proliferation and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. The HO-1 inducer CoPPIX decreased IL-1β-induced cell proliferation, whereas the HO-1 enzyme inhibitor ZnPPIX significantly reversed EGCG-caused growth inhibition in IL-1β-treated HASMCs. At the molecular level, EGCG treatment significantly activated nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) transcription activities. These results suggest that EGCG might serve as a complementary and alternative medicine in the treatment of these pathologies by inducing HO-1 expression and subsequently decreasing VSMC proliferation.
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Peng X, Zhou R, Wang B, Yu X, Yang X, Liu K, Mi M. Effect of green tea consumption on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6251. [PMID: 25176280 PMCID: PMC4150247 DOI: 10.1038/srep06251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The studies investigating the effects of green tea on blood pressure (BP) have generated inconsistent results. The aim of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the effects of green tea on BP control. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library (updated to March 2014) were searched for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of green tea on BP. Pooled effect of green tea consumption on BP was evaluated using fixed-effects or random-effects model. Thirteen trials comprising a total of 1,367 subjects were included in the current meta-analysis. The overall outcome of the meta-analysis suggested that green tea consumption significantly decrease systolic blood pressure (SBP) level by −1.98 mmHg (95% CI: −2.94, −1.01 mmHg; P < 0.001). Compared with the control group, green tea also showed a significant lowering effect on diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in treatment group (−1.92 mmHg; 95% CI: −3.17, −0.68 mmHg; P = 0.002). Subgroup analyses further suggested that the positive effect of green tea polyphenols on BP was only showed in studies using a low-dose green tea polyphenol, with the long-term intervention duration or ruling out the confounding effects of caffeine. The meta-analysis suggested that green tea consumption had a favorable effect on decrease of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Peng
- 1] Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Institute of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan, China [2] Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, China [3]
| | - Rui Zhou
- 1] Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, China [2]
| | - Bin Wang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Institute of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Institute of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mantian Mi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, China
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