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Hussain N, Ikram N, Khan KUR, Hussain L, Alqahtani AM, Alqahtani T, Hussain M, Suliman M, Alshahrani MY, Sitohy B. Cichorium intybus L. significantly alleviates cigarette smoke-induced acute lung injury by lowering NF-κB pathway activation and inflammatory mediators. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22055. [PMID: 38045213 PMCID: PMC10692792 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoke (CS) is one of the primary causes of acute lung injury (ALI) via provoking pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress. Despite substantial studies, no effective treatment for ALI is presently available. Purpose New prospective treatment options for ALI are required. Thus, this project was designed to investigate the in vivo and in vitro protective effects of 70 % methanolic-aqueous crude extract of whole plant of Cichorium intybus (Ci.Mce) against CS-induced ALI. Study design /methods: Initially, male Swiss albino mice were subjected to whole-body CS exposure for 10 continuous days to prepare CS-induced ALI models. Normal saline (10 mL/kg), Ci.Mce (100, 200, 300 mg/kg), and Dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) were orally administered to respective animal groups 1 h prior to CS-exposure. 24 hrs after the last CS-exposure, BALF and lungs were harvested to study the key characteristics of ALI. Next, HPLC analysis was done to explore the phytoconstituents. Results Ci.Mce exhibited significant reductions in lung macrophage and neutrophil infiltration, lung weight coefficient, and albumin exudation. Additionally, it effectively ameliorated lung histopathological alterations and hypoxemia. Notably, Ci.Mce exerted inhibitory effects on the excessive generation of IL-6, IL-1β, and KC in both CS-induced ALI murine models and CSE-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Noteworthy benefits included the attenuation of oxidative stress induced by CS, evidenced by decreased levels of MDA, TOS, and MPO, alongside enhanced TAC production. Furthermore, Ci.Mce demonstrated a marked reduction in CS-induced NF-κB expression, both in vivo and in vitro. Conclusion Consequently, Cichorium intybus could be a therapeutic option for CS-induced ALI due to its ability to suppress inflammatory reactions, mitigate oxidative stress, and quell NF-κB p65 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain, 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nadia Ikram
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Kashif ur Rehman Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38,000, Pakistan
| | - Ali M. Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaddique Hussain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muath Suliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha, 9088, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y. Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 61413, Abha, 9088, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basel Sitohy
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infection and Immunology, Umeå University, SE-90185, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, SE-90185, Umeå, Sweden
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Tariq U, Butt MS, Pasha I, Faisal MN. Prophylactic role of olive fruit extract against cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress in Sprague-Dawley rats. Cell Stress Chaperones 2022; 27:545-560. [PMID: 35951259 PMCID: PMC9485526 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01291-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke exposure increases the production of free radicals leading to initiation of several pathological conditions by triggering the oxidative stress and inflammatory cascade. Olive fruit owing to its unique phytochemical composition possesses antioxidant, immune modulatory, and anti-inflammatory potential. Considering the compositional alterations in olive fruits during ripening, the current experimental trail was designed to investigate the prophylactic role of green and black olives against the oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke exposure in rats. Purposely, rats were divided into five different groups: NC (negative control; normal diet), PC [positive control; normal diet + smoke exposure (SE)], drug (normal diet + SE + citalopram), GO (normal diet + SE + green olive extract), and BO (normal diet + SE + black olive extract). Rats of all groups were exposed to cigarette smoke except "NC" and were sacrificed for collection of blood and organs after 28 days of experimental trial. The percent reduction in total oxidative stress by citalopram and green and black olive extracts in serum was 29.72, 58.69, and 57.97%, respectively, while the total antioxidant capacity increased by 30.78, 53.94, and 43.98%, accordingly in comparison to PC. Moreover, malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced by 29.63, 42.59, and 45.70% in drug, GO, and BO groups, respectively. Likewise, green and black olive extracts reduced the leakage of hepatic enzymes in sera, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by 23.44 and 25.80% and 35.62 and 37.61%, alanine transaminase (ALT) by 42.68 and 24.39% and 51.04 and 35.41%, and aspartate transaminase (AST) by 31.51 and 16.07% and 40.50 and 27.09% from PC and drug group, respectively. Additionally, olive extracts also maintained the antioxidant pool, i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione in serum. Furthermore, histological examination revealed that olive extracts prevented the cigarette smoke-induced necrosis, pyknotic alterations, and congestion in the lung, hepatic, and renal parenchyma. Besides, gene expression analysis revealed that olive extracts and citalopram decreased the brain and lung damage caused by stress-induced upregulation of NRF-2 and MAPK signaling pathways. Hence, it can be concluded that olives (both green and black) can act as promising antioxidant in alleviating the cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urwa Tariq
- Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Riphah International University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Masood Sadiq Butt
- Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Imran Pasha
- Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Paitan-Quispe EN, Pérez-Castillo KH, Camacho-Caballero K, Rodriguez-Cuba MA, Runzer-Colmenares FM, Parodi JF. Association Between Tobacco Consumption and Self-Reported Visual Impairment in Adults of High-Altitude Andean Communities of Peru. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2021; 7:23337214211036256. [PMID: 34423076 PMCID: PMC8377305 DOI: 10.1177/23337214211036256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine the association between tobacco consumption and self-reported visual impairment. We performed a cross-sectional study based on an original cohort study. A non-probabilistic sampling was performed to invite 413 patients of 60 years or more from 11 high-altitude Andean communities (altitude higher than 1500 m above sea level) of Peru between 2013 and 2017. Demographic data and information on tobacco consumption were collected. Associations were determined using a Poisson regression model with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Of the 413 participants, 141 (34.14%) were men and 49 (11.86%) were tobacco users. In the adjusted model, tobacco users presented a high probability of visual impairment with a prevalence ratio of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.18–1.97). We also found that having two or more comorbidities 2.19 (95% CI: 1.53–3.15), receiving health assistance in a pharmacy 3.75 (95% CI: 1.97–7.16), and coffee consumption 1.67 (95% CI: 1.26–2.21) were factors significantly associated with self-reported visual impairment. We determined that in Peruvian high-altitude Andean communities, visual impairment was more frequent in individuals reporting tobacco consumption, taking alternative medicine, going directly to a drug store without primary care physician consultation, having more than one comorbidity, and coffee consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilyn N Paitan-Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Miraflores, Lima, Perú
| | | | - Kiara Camacho-Caballero
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Miraflores, Lima, Perú.,CHANGE Research Working Group, Carrera de Medicina Humana, Universidad Científica del Sur, Miraflores, Lima, Perú
| | - Maria Alejandra Rodriguez-Cuba
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Miraflores, Lima, Perú.,CHANGE Research Working Group, Carrera de Medicina Humana, Universidad Científica del Sur, Miraflores, Lima, Perú
| | - Fernando M Runzer-Colmenares
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Miraflores, Lima, Perú.,CHANGE Research Working Group, Carrera de Medicina Humana, Universidad Científica del Sur, Miraflores, Lima, Perú
| | - Jose F Parodi
- Universidad San Martin de Porres Facultad de Medicina Humana Centro de Investigación del Envejecimiento (CIEN), Universidad San Martín de Porres, La Molina, Lima, Perú
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Koroleva E, Mqulwa AZ, Norris-Jones S, Reed S, Tambe Z, Visagie A, Jacobs K. Impact of cigarette butts on bacterial community structure in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:10.1007/s11356-021-13152-w. [PMID: 33638074 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13152-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette butts contribute significantly to global pollution present on the planet. The filters found in cigarette butts contain a microplastic, cellulose acetate, as well as toxic metals and metalloids which are responsible for pollution in the environment. Although cigarette butt litter is prevalent in many soils, research on the effects of these cigarette butts is limited. In this study, we used Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA) to generate DNA fingerprints of bacterial communities in soil before and after the addition of cigarette butt leachate treatments. An ICP-MS analysis of the biodegradable and non-biodegradable cigarette butts revealed the presence of various elements: Al, As, B, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, V, and Zn. The analysis also specified which metals were present at the highest concentrations in the biodegradable and non-biodegradable cigarette butts, and these were, respectively, Al (1,31 g/kg and 2,35 g/kg), Fe (2,03 g/kg and 1,11 g/kg), and Zn (3,18 mg/kg and 15,70 mg/kg). Our results show that biodegradable cigarette butts had a significant effect on bacterial community composition (beta diversity), unlike the non-biodegradable butts. This effect can be attributed to higher concentrations of certain metals and metalloids in the leachate of biodegradable cigarette butts compared to the non-biodegradable ones. Our findings suggest that biodegradable and non-biodegradable cigarette butts can significantly affect bacterial communities in soil as a result of the leaching of significant quantities of certain elements into the surrounding soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Koroleva
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Aza Zizipo Mqulwa
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Scott Norris-Jones
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Sidney Reed
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Zahraa Tambe
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Aiden Visagie
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Karin Jacobs
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
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Marinello S, Lolli F, Gamberini R, Rimini B. A second life for cigarette butts? A review of recycling solutions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121245. [PMID: 31585286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Trillions of cigarettes are smoked annually making cigarette butts one of the most common types of litter in the world. Due to the materials and toxic substances that they contain, this waste carries a very harmful risk for the environment and for living organisms (including humans). Only a few - barely sustainable - solutions have tried to tackle this waste and alternative solutions to landfilling and incineration are needed. Identifying the best methodological solutions and technologies for recycling this kind of waste in terms of results and applicability to real contexts would reduce the presence of dangerous materials in the environment and ecosystems and would promote the recovery of materials in line with the circular economy and sustainable development. The objective of this review was to collect and analyze the alternative solutions available in the literature for the recovery and recycling of the materials in cigarette butts, considering them as possible sources of secondary raw materials applicable to contexts of common interest. Several papers were selected and the results obtained by the authors are presented in terms of type of treatment process (physical, chemical or both), product derived (in solid, liquid or gaseous form) and its possible use in different sectors (e.g. construction, electronics, energy, chemistry and environmental protection). The main results, together with the advantages and disadvantages are highlighted and proposals for further research are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Marinello
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, Padiglione Morselli, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Lolli
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, Padiglione Morselli, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Rita Gamberini
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, Padiglione Morselli, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Bianca Rimini
- Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, Padiglione Morselli, 42122 Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Parameswari R, Sridharan TB. Cigarette smoking and its toxicological overview on human male fertility—a prospective review. TOXIN REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1579229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Parameswari
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Gene Cloning and Technology Lab, VIT University, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - T. B. Sridharan
- School of Bio Science and Technology, Gene Cloning and Technology Lab, VIT University, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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Murugan K, Suresh U, Panneerselvam C, Rajaganesh R, Roni M, Aziz AT, Hwang JS, Sathishkumar K, Rajasekar A, Kumar S, Alarfaj AA, Higuchi A, Benelli G. Managing wastes as green resources: cigarette butt-synthesized pesticides are highly toxic to malaria vectors with little impact on predatory copepods. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:10456-10470. [PMID: 28913784 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel mosquito control tools is a key prerequisite to build effective and reliable Integrated Vector Management strategies. Here, we proposed a novel method using cigarette butts for the synthesis of Ag nanostructures toxic to young instars of the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi, chloroquine (CQ)-resistant malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and microbial pathogens. The non-target impact of these nanomaterials in the aquatic environment was evaluated testing them at sub-lethal doses on the predatory copepod Mesocyclops aspericornis. Cigarette butt-synthesized Ag nanostructures were characterized by UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy, as well as by EDX, SEM and XRD analyses. Low doses of cigarette butt extracts (with and without tobacco) showed larvicidal and pupicidal toxicity on An. stephensi. The LC50 of cigarette butt-synthesized Ag nanostructures ranged from 4.505 ppm (I instar larvae) to 8.070 ppm (pupae) using smoked cigarette butts with tobacco, and from 3.571 (I instar larvae) to 6.143 ppm (pupae) using unsmoked cigarette butts without tobacco. Smoke toxicity experiments conducted against adults showed that unsmoked cigarette butts-based coils led to mortality comparable to permethrin-based positive control (84.2 and 91.2%, respectively). A single treatment with cigarette butts extracts and Ag nanostructures significantly reduced egg hatchability of An. stephensi. Furthermore, the antiplasmodial activity of cigarette butt extracts (with and without tobacco) and synthesized Ag nanostructures was evaluated against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of P. falciparum. The lowest IC50 values were achieved by cigarette butt extracts without tobacco, they were 54.63 μg/ml (CQ-s) and 63.26 μg/ml (CQ-r); while Ag nanostructure IC50 values were 72.13 μg/ml (CQ-s) and 77.33 μg/ml (CQ-r). In MIC assays, low doses of the Ag nanostructures inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella typhi. Finally, the predation efficiency of copepod M. aspericornis towards larvae of An. stephensi did not decrease in a nanoparticle-contaminated environment, if compared to control predation assays. Overall, the present research would suggest that an abundant hazardous waste, such as cigarette butts, can be turned to an important resource for nanosynthesis of highly effective antiplasmodials and insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadarkarai Murugan
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, 632 115, India
| | - Udaiyan Suresh
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | | | | | - Mathath Roni
- Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - Al Thabiani Aziz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jiang-Shiou Hwang
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, 20224, Taiwan
| | | | - Aruliah Rajasekar
- Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, 632 115, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 23, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah A Alarfaj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akon Higuchi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy.
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