1
|
Almalki SG, Alqurashi YE, Alturaiki W, Almawash S, Khan A, Ahmad P, Iqbal D. Antioxidant, LC-MS Analysis, and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Potentials of Phoenix dactylifera Cultivar Khudari: An In Vitro Enzyme Kinetics and In Silico Study. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1474. [PMID: 37892156 PMCID: PMC10605097 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the therapeutic potentials of Khudari fruit pulp, a functional food and cultivar of Phoenix dactylifera, against neurological disorders. Our results demonstrate a good amount of phytochemicals (total phenolic content: 17.77 ± 8.21 µg GA/mg extract) with a high antioxidant potential of aqueous extract (DPPH assay IC50 = 235.84 ± 11.65 µg/mL) and FRAP value: 331.81 ± 4.56 µmol. Furthermore, the aqueous extract showed the marked inhibition of cell-free acetylcholinesterase (electric eel) with an IC50 value of 48.25 ± 2.04 µg/mL, and an enzyme inhibition kinetics study revealed that it exhibits mixed inhibition. Thereafter, we listed the 18 best-matched phytochemical compounds present in aqueous extract through LC/MS analysis. The computational study revealed that five out of eighteen predicted compounds can cross the BBB and exert considerable aqueous solubility. where 2-{5-[(1E)-3-methylbuta-1,3-dien-1-yl]-1H-indol-3-yl}ethanol (MDIE) indicates an acceptable LD50. value. A molecular docking study exhibited that the compounds occupied the key residues of acetylcholinesterase with ΔG range between -6.91 and -9.49 kcal/mol, where MDIE has ∆G: -8.67 kcal/mol, which was better than that of tacrine, ∆G: -8.25 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamics analyses of 100 ns supported the stability of the protein-ligand complexes analyzed through RMSD, RMSF, Rg, and SASA parameters. TRP_84 and GLY_442 are the most critical hydrophobic contacts for the complex, although GLU_199 is important for H-bonds. Prime/MM-GBSA showed that the protein-ligand complex formed a stable confirmation. These findings suggest that the aqueous extract of Khudari fruit pulp has significant antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibition potentials, and its compound, MDIE, forms stably with confirmation with the target protein, though this fruit of Khudari dates can be a better functional food for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Further investigations are needed to fully understand the therapeutic role of this plant-based compound via in vivo study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami G. Almalki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yaser E. Alqurashi
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wael Alturaiki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saud Almawash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amir Khan
- Oral Medicine and Allied Dental Sciences Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, Taif 11099, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Parvej Ahmad
- IIRC-5 Clinical Biochemistry and Natural Product Research Laboratory, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India;
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Health Information Management, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Koul B, Farooq U, Yadav D, Song M. Phytochemicals: A Promising Alternative for the Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040999. [PMID: 37109528 PMCID: PMC10144079 DOI: 10.3390/life13040999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurological condition that worsens with ageing and affects memory and cognitive function. Presently more than 55 million individuals are affected by AD all over the world, and it is a leading cause of death in old age. The main purpose of this paper is to review the phytochemical constituents of different plants that are used for the treatment of AD. A thorough and organized review of the existing literature was conducted, and the data under the different sections were found using a computerized bibliographic search through the use of databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, CAB Abstracts, MEDLINE, EMBASE, INMEDPLAN, NATTS, and numerous other websites. Around 360 papers were screened, and, out of that, 258 papers were selected on the basis of keywords and relevant information that needed to be included in this review. A total of 55 plants belonging to different families have been reported to possess different bioactive compounds (galantamine, curcumin, silymarin, and many more) that play a significant role in the treatment of AD. These plants possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticholinesterase, and anti-amyloid properties and are safe for consumption. This paper focuses on the taxonomic details of the plants, the mode of action of their phytochemicals, their safety, future prospects, limitations, and sustainability criteria for the effective treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra Koul
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Usma Farooq
- Department of Botany, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hussein AM, Mahmoud SA, Elazab KM, Abouelnaga AF, Abass M, Mosa AAH, Hussein MAM, Elsayed MEG. Possible Mechanisms of the Neuroprotective Actions of Date Palm Fruits Aqueous Extracts against Valproic Acid-Induced Autism in Rats. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1627-1643. [PMID: 36826050 PMCID: PMC9954972 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to determine how palm date aqueous fruit extracts (AFE) affected the autistic-like behaviors brought on by valproic acid (VPA) injection, as well as any potential contributions from Sirt-1, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. The pregnant Sprague Dawley females were treated with VPA at 12.5th gestation day and pregnant females and their offspring were treated with AFE orally at doses of 4 mg/Kg by gastric gavage for 45 days after birth. The elevated plus-T maze, water maze, and rotarod tests were used to examine autism-like behaviors. At the end of the study, the expression of Nrf2, heme oxygenase (HO-1), Sirt-1, caspase-3 (a marker of apoptosis), LC3 (a marker of autophagy), and NFκB (inflammatory cytokines) were evaluated along with the oxidative stress in brain tissues and the histological changes in the cerebellum and hippocampus. The neurobehavioral assessments significantly declined due to VPA, which also significantly increased oxidative stress in the brain tissues and significantly decreased Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. Additionally, VPA administration caused significant increase in the expression of caspase-3 in the cerebellar cortex, not in the hippocampus; LC3 and NFκB in the hippocampus, not in the cerebellar cortex; and significant reduction in the expression of Sirt-1 in the hippocampus, not in the cerebellum. On the other hand, AFE treatment significantly improved the neurobehavioral changes as well as it improved significantly the oxidative stress and the expression of LC3, NFκB, NrF2, HO-1, and Sirt-1 in the cerebellum and hippocampus. Conclusions: AFE administration might improve the autistic-like symptoms induced by VPA in rats via attenuation of the oxidative stress, upregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1, Sirt-1 and LC3 expression with downregulation of caspase-3, and NFκB expression in the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz M. Hussein
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-10-02421140; Fax: +20-5-02263717
| | | | | | - Ahmed F. Abouelnaga
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Marwa Abass
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. H. Mosa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed E. G. Elsayed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm, 89075 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ahmad Mohd Zain MR, Abdul Kari Z, Dawood MAO, Nik Ahmad Ariff NS, Salmuna ZN, Ismail N, Ibrahim AH, Thevan Krishnan K, Che Mat NF, Edinur HA, Abdul Razab MKA, Mohammed A, Mohamed Salam SKN, Rao PV, Mohamad S, Hamat B, Zainal Abidin S, Seong Wei L, Ahmed Shokri A. Bioactivity and Pharmacological Potential of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Against Pandemic COVID-19: a Comprehensive Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:4587-4624. [PMID: 35579740 PMCID: PMC9110634 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), transmitted from person to person, has quickly emerged as the pandemic responsible for the current global health crisis. This infection has been declared a global pandemic, resulting in a concerning number of deaths as well as complications post-infection, primarily among vulnerable groups particularly older people and those with multiple comorbidities. In this article, we review the most recent research on the role of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits (DPFs) to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection. The mechanisms underlying this preventive or therapeutic effect are also discussed in terms of bioactivity potentials in date palm, e.g., antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and hemolytic potential, as well as prospect against COVID-19 disease and the potential product development. Therefore, it can be concluded that regular consumption of DPFs may be associated with a lower risk of some chronic diseases. Indeed, DPFs have been widely used in folk medicine since ancient times to treat a variety of health conditions, demonstrating the importance of DPFs as a nutraceutical and source of functional nourishment. This comprehensive review aims to summarize the majority of the research on DPFs in terms of nutrient content and biologically active components such as phenolic compounds, with an emphasis on their roles in improving overall health as well as the potential product development to ensure consumers’ satisfaction in a current pandemic situation. In conclusion, DPFs can be given to COVID-19 patients as a safe and effective add-on medication or supplement in addition to routine treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rajaei Ahmad Mohd Zain
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mahmoud A O Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.,The Center for Applied Research On the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Nik Shahman Nik Ahmad Ariff
- Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 50410, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zeti Norfidiyati Salmuna
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Norzila Ismail
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town, Malaysia
| | - Al Hafiz Ibrahim
- Unit Perubatan Rehabilitasi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan, Universiti Sains Malaysia Kampus Kesihatan Kubang Kerian, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
| | - Kumara Thevan Krishnan
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nor Fazila Che Mat
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Hisham Atan Edinur
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | | | - Aurifullah Mohammed
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Pasupuleti Visweswara Rao
- Centre for International Collaboration and Research, Reva University, Rukmini Knowledge Park, Kattigenahili, Yelahanka, Bangalore, 560064, Karnataka, India.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Abdurrab University, Jl Riau Ujung No. 73, Pekanbaru, 28292, Riau, Indonesia.,Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Sakinah Mohamad
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Basyarah Hamat
- Razak Faculty of Technology and Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 50410, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shahriman Zainal Abidin
- Design Studies, College of Creative Arts, Kompleks Ilham, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lee Seong Wei
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, 17600, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Amran Ahmed Shokri
- Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Al-Okbi SY. Date Palm as Source of Nutraceuticals for Health Promotion: a Review. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:574-591. [PMID: 36125704 PMCID: PMC9750914 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00437-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic diseases are problematic to health professional specially when using drugs throughout the course of life with un-tolerated side effects. Returning to nature through using nutraceuticals might have both protective and therapeutic effects. Date palm was claimed to be a good source of such nutraceuticals or functional food ingredients. The purpose of the present review was to spot light on the different phytochemicals, phytonutrients, and remedial effects of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in a goal to be utilized in form of nutraceuticals. The possible mechanisms of action of the remedial effects were among the aim of the study. RECENT FINDINGS A protein hydrolyzate prepared from date seed could prevent DNA mutation and susceptibility to cancer. In addition to cancer prevention, date palm fruit improved the treatment outcome of cancer pediatric patients and possesses anti-angiogenic activity as one of the important anticancer mechanisms of action. On the other hand, date seed extracts was recently reported to protect from ulcerative colitis. It seems that all the aforementioned remedial effect might be ascribed to immunoregulatory effect of date palm. These findings proposed that date palm is beneficial for health. Date palm fruit is a rich source of vitamins, minerals, dietary fibers, energy, and easily digestible and absorbable sugars that instantaneously replenish and revitalize the body specially after fasting condition. Mineral contents in date fruits include potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, and calcium. Diverse health claims were reported to belong to various parts of the tree including the edible part of fruits, the seeds, the leaves, spathe (an envelope-like structure that encloses male and female date palm flowers), and pollen grains due to the presence of different bioactive constituents. The main phytochemicals and phytonutrients reported in date palms are phenolic compounds, carotenoids, sterols, anthocyanins, and others. In folk medicine, date palm fruits are used for enhancing immunity and treating gastrointestinal tract disorders, edema, bronchitis, wound, cancer, as well as infectious diseases. However, the exact health benefits and remedial effects of date palm were not fully and deeply investigated. The present review focused on the bioactive constituents and the reported health benefits of date palm and proposed mechanism of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Y. Al-Okbi
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Echegaray N, Pateiro M, Gullón B, Amarowicz R, Misihairabgwi JM, Lorenzo JM. Phoenix dactylifera products in human health – A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
7
|
Younas A, Naqvi SA, Khan MR, Shabbir MA, Jatoi MA, Anwar F, Inam-Ur-Raheem M, Saari N, Aadil RM. Functional food and nutra-pharmaceutical perspectives of date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13332. [PMID: 32588917 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Date palm counts among the oldest fruit crops of the world and is mainly cultivated for its highly nutritious fruits consumed as a staple food in many countries, especially in the Gulf region. Dates are enriched with numerous therapeutic bioactives and functional compounds such as phenolics, flavonols, carotenoids, minerals, and vitamins that not only provide an appreciable amount of energy required for the human body but also act as an effective therapeutic agent against several diseases. This review aimed to provide a deep insight into the nutritional as well as phytochemicals profile of date fruit and its seeds in order to explore their biological (anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, cardio-protective, anti-inflammatory properties), functional food, and nutra-pharmaceutical attributes. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This review provides updated information regarding the date fruits and seeds phytochemicals composition together with highlighting dates potential as a natural therapeutic agent against several diseases. The study also urges the importance of consuming dates as a great package to live a healthy life due to the functional food and nutraceutical properties of this valuable fruit. The study also provides information first time as recommending dates to cope with the hidden hunger or micronutrient deficiency faced by the third world inhabitants. Hence, the review may further help the industry and researchers to explore the potential of dates for future medicinal and nutra-pharmaceutical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atia Younas
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Summar A Naqvi
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam Rafiq Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Farooq Anwar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Inam-Ur-Raheem
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ali Z, Li J, Zhang Y, Naeem N, Younas S, Javeed F. Dates (Phoenix Dactylifera) and Date Vinegar: Preventive Role against Various Diseases and Related in Vivo Mechanisms. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1735411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zeshan Ali
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianke Li
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuhuan Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
- University Key Laboratory of Food Processing Byproducts for Advanced Development and High Value Utilization, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Naureen Naeem
- Department of Home Economics, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Younas
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Farah Javeed
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
El-Far AH, Oyinloye BE, Sepehrimanesh M, Allah MAG, Abu-Reidah I, Shaheen HM, Razeghian-Jahromi I, Alsenosy AEWA, Noreldin AE, Al Jaouni SK, Mousa SA. Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera): Novel Findings and Future Directions for Food and Drug Discovery. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2019; 16:2-10. [PMID: 29557751 DOI: 10.2174/1570163815666180320111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Phoenix dactylifera is a useful traditional medicinal plant, mainly the fruit is used, which is the edible part of the plant (Ajwa date). It is now considered to be a valuable source of natural medicinal products against various diseases. Phytochemical investigations have shown that the fruit contains anthocyanins, phenolics, sterols, carotenoids, and flavonoids. The fruits are a rich source of carbohydrates, vitamins, and proteins. P. dactylifera is considered as a complete diet because it also contains different fatty acids, amino acids, proteins, and steroidal substances. This review highlights the phytochemical composition, nutritional significance, and potential health benefits of P. dactylifera and discusses its potential as a functional food for disease prevention, management, and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Babatunji E Oyinloye
- Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology, and Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, 360001, Nigeria
| | - Masood Sepehrimanesh
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mahmoud A Gab Allah
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Abu-Reidah
- Industrial Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Arab American University, P.O. Box. 240, 13 Zababdeh-Jenin, Palestinian Territory, Occupied
| | - Hazem M Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | | | - Abd El-Wahab A Alsenosy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Soad K Al Jaouni
- Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, King Abdulaziz University Hospital and Scientific Chair of Yousef Abdullatif Jameel of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Agostini-Costa TDS. Bioactive compounds and health benefits of some palm species traditionally used in Africa and the Americas - A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:202-229. [PMID: 29842962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE According to previous ethno-medicinal reviews, Cocos nucifera, Elaeis guineensis and Phoenix dactylifera are among the main palms which are often used on the American and African continents to treat infections, infestations and disorders in the digestive, respiratory, genito-urinary, dermal, endocrine, cardiovascular, muscular-skeletal, mental and neural systems, as well as neoplasms, dental issues and metabolic and nutritional disorders. In addition, one or more species of the wild genera Acrocomia, Areca, Astrocaryum, Attalea, Bactris, Borassus, Calamus, Chamaedorea, Chamaerops, Euterpe, Hyphaene, Mauritia, Oenocarpus and Syagrus have a high number of records of these ethno-medicinal uses. The most used parts of the palm tree are the fruits, followed by roots, seeds, leaves and flower sap. AIM OF THE STUDY This review discusses the phytochemical composition and the pharmacological properties of these important ethno-medicinal palms, aiming to provide a contribution to future research prospects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Significant information was compiled from an electronic search in widely used international scientific databases (Google Scholar, Science Direct, SciFinder, Web of Science, PubMed, Wiley on line Library, Scielo, ACS Publications), and additional information was obtained from dissertations, theses, books and other relevant websites. RESULTS Palms, in general, are rich in oils, terpenoids and phenolic compounds. Fruits of many species are notable for their high content of healthy oils and fat-soluble bioactive compounds, mainly terpenoids, such as pigment carotenoids (and provitamin A), phytosterols, triterpene pentacyclics and tocols (and vitamin E), while other species stood out for their phenolic compounds derived from benzoic and cinnamic acids, along with flavan-3-ol, flavone, flavonol, and stilbene compounds or anthocyanin pigments. In addition to fruits, other parts of the plant such as seeds, leaves, palm heart, flowers and roots are also sources of many bioactive compounds. These compounds are linked to the ethno-medicinal use of many palms that improve human health against infections, infestations and disorders of human systems. CONCLUSIONS Palms have provided bioactive samples that validate their effectiveness in traditional medicine. However, the intensive study of all palm species related to ethno-medicinal use is needed, along with selection of the most appropriate palm accessions, ripe stage of the fruit and /or part of the plant. Furthermore, the complete profiles of all phytochemicals, their effects on animal models and human subjects, and toxicological and clinical trials are suggested, which, added to the incorporation of improved technological processes, should represent a significant advance for the implementation of new opportunities with wide benefits for human health.
Collapse
|
11
|
Taleb H, Maddocks SE, Morris RK, Kanekanian AD. Chemical characterisation and the anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and antibacterial properties of date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:457-468. [PMID: 27729284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Date fruit, Phoenix dactylifera L. has traditionally been used as a medicine in many cultures for the treatment of a range of ailments such as stomach and intestinal disorders, fever, oedema, bronchitis and wound healing. AIM OF THE REVIEW The present review aims to summarise the traditional use and application of P. dactylifera date fruit in different ethnomedical systems, additionally the botany and phytochemistry are identified. Critical evaluation of in vitro and in vitro studies examining date fruit in relation to anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and antimicrobial activities are outlined. KEY FINDINGS The ethnomedical use of P. dactylifera in the treatment of inflammatory disease has been previously identified and reported. Furthermore, date fruit and date fruit co-products such as date syrup are rich sources of polyphenols, anthocyanins, sterols and carotenoids. In vitro studies have demonstrated that date fruit exhibits antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activity. The recent interest in the identification of the numerous health benefits of dates using in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that date fruit and date syrup have beneficial health effects that can be attributed to the presence of natural bioactive compounds. CONCLUSIONS Date fruit and date syrup have therapeutic properties, which have the potential to be beneficial to health. However, more investigations are needed to quantify and validate these effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Taleb
- Department of Healthcare and Food, Cardiff School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Llandaff Campus, Western Avenue, CF5 2YB Wales, UK
| | - Sarah E Maddocks
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cardiff School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Llandaff Campus, Western Avenue, CF5 2YB Wales, UK.
| | - R Keith Morris
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cardiff School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Llandaff Campus, Western Avenue, CF5 2YB Wales, UK
| | - Ara D Kanekanian
- Department of Healthcare and Food, Cardiff School of Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Llandaff Campus, Western Avenue, CF5 2YB Wales, UK
| |
Collapse
|