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Elbnnani AS, Elbasir M, Altabal S, Lamami Y, Ebrahim F, Oshah HM, Alagnef R, Elzagheid A, Abulayha AM. Flow cytometric detection of leukemic blasts in Libyan pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Libyan J Med 2024; 19:2319895. [PMID: 38394044 PMCID: PMC10896131 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2024.2319895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which is the most common type of cancer in children, has become more accurate with the use of flow cytometry. Here, this technology was used to immunophenotype leukemic cells in peripheral blood samples from Libyan pediatric ALL patients. We recruited 152 newly diagnosed patients at Tripoli Medical Center (Tripoli, Libya) by morphological examination of blood and bone marrow. Twenty-three surface and cytoplasmic antigen markers were used to characterize B and T cells in circulating blood cells by four-color flow cytometry. Six children (3.9%) turned out to have biphenotypic acute leukemia, 88 (57.9%) had B ALL, and 58 (38.1%) had T ALL. There were 68 cases of pro-B ALL CD10-positive (44.7%), 8 cases of pro-B ALL CD10-negative (5.2%), 6 cases of pre-B ALL (3.9%), and 6 of mature-B ALL (3.9%). CD13 was the most commonly expressed myeloid antigen in ALL. We present immunophenotypic data for the first time describing ALL cases in Libya. The reported results indicate that the most common subtype was pro-B ALL, and the frequency of T-ALL subtype was higher compared to previous studies. Six cases were positive for both myeloid and B lymphoid markers. Our findings may provide the basis for future studies to correlate immunophenotypic profile and genetic characteristics with treatment response among ALL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrhman S. Elbnnani
- Department of Human Cells and Tissues, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Mohamed Elbasir
- Department of Human Cells and Tissues, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Salah Altabal
- Department of Human Cells and Tissues, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Yosra Lamami
- Department of Human Cells and Tissues, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Fawzi Ebrahim
- Department of Human Cells and Tissues, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | | | | | - Adam Elzagheid
- Department of Human Cells and Tissues, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
| | - Abdulmunem M. Abulayha
- Department of Human Cells and Tissues, Libyan Biotechnology Research Center, Tripoli, Libya
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Santucci C, Mignozzi S, Levi F, Malvezzi M, Bertuccio P, Odone A, Camargo MC, La Vecchia C, Negri E. Cancer mortality predictions for 2024 in selected Asian countries and Australia with focus on stomach cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024; 33:493-504. [PMID: 38595154 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We estimated cancer mortality figures in five major Asian countries and Australia for 2024, focusing on stomach cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Eastern Asia. METHODS We computed country- and sex-specific annual age-standardized rates (ASRs) for total cancers and the 10 most common cancer sites, using WHO and the United Nations Population Division databases from 1970 to 2021 or the latest available year. We predicted figures for 2024 and estimated the number of avoided cancer deaths in 1994-2024. RESULTS All cancers combined ASR declined between 2015-2019 and 2024 across considered countries and sexes. In 2024, the lowest predicted male rate is in the Philippines (75.0/100 000) and the highest in Australia (94.2/100 000). The Republic of Korea is predicted to have the lowest female ASR (42.1/100 000) while the Philippines the highest (74.5/100 000). Over the last three decades, 121 300 deaths were estimated to be avoided in Hong Kong SAR, 69 500 in Israel, 1 246 300 in Japan, 653 300 in the Republic of Korea, 303 300 in Australia, and 89 700 among Philippine men. Mortality from stomach cancer has been decreasing since 1970 in all considered countries and both sexes. Significant decreases are at all age groups Male rates remain, however, high in Japan (8.7/100 000) and the Republic of Korea (6.2/100 000). CONCLUSION Declining cancer mortality is predicted in the considered countries, notably reducing stomach cancer burden. Stomach cancer, however, remains a major public health issue in East Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Santucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Mignozzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Levi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Malvezzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma
| | - Paola Bertuccio
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia
- Medical Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Constanza Camargo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Battaglini C, Giordano M, Quarello P, Bertorello N, Zucchetti G, Fagioli F. Italian translation, cultural adaptation and pilot testing of Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT 3.1) in pediatric cancer. TUMORI JOURNAL 2024; 110:355-359. [PMID: 39077903 DOI: 10.1177/03008916241259933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Experiences related to pediatric oncology diagnosis cause great imbalances within the family structure. Assessing the frailties and needs of families and children with cancer from a psychosocial perspective is an important step in providing appropriate pediatric psychology care. METHODS The aim of this study was to develop an Italian translation of the last version of the Psychosocial Assessment Tool questionnaire (PAT 3.1) and to pilot-test it among pediatric oncological families. The guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life measures were followed. Specifically, two independent forward translations were produced, followed by a reconciliation step by a multidisciplinary expert committee and back-translation. Revision of the original text and all translations were performed by the expert committee leading to a final version, which was pilot-tested by cognitive debriefing on five families. Subsequently, the final Italian PAT 3.1 version was approved. RESULTS The Italian version of the PAT 3.1 generated in the present study is a useful instrument to examine the psychosocial risk of the families with a child with cancer. CONCLUSIONS This instrument will be a valuable tool for future clinical trials and it will help clinicians to target specific pediatric psychology support intervention. The questionnaire will be further validated through a multicenter Italian study on psychosocial screening of pediatric oncology and pediatric general diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Battaglini
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mario Giordano
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Quarello
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Bertorello
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia Zucchetti
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, AOU City of Health and Science of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Kuwatsuka Y, Ito H, Tabuchi K, Konuma T, Uchida N, Inamoto Y, Inai K, Nishida T, Ikegame K, Eto T, Katayama Y, Kataoka K, Tanaka M, Takahashi S, Fukuda T, Ichinohe T, Kimura F, Kanda J, Atsuta Y, Matsuo K. Trends in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation survival using population-based descriptive epidemiology method: analysis of national transplant registry data. Bone Marrow Transplant 2024; 59:1295-1301. [PMID: 38898226 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-024-02326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Prognosis for patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has been improving. Short-term survival information, such as crude survival rates that consider deaths immediately after the transplantation, may not be sufficiently useful for assessing long-term survival. Using the data of the Japanese HCT registry, the net survival rate of patients who survived for a given period was determined according to age, disease, and type of transplant. We included a total of 41,716 patients who received their first allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation between 1991 and 2015. For each disease, age group, graft source subcategory, net survival was calculated using the Pohar-Perme method, and 5-year conditional net survival (CS) was calculated. Ten-year net survivals of total patient cohort were 41.5% and 47.4% for males and females, respectively. Except for myelodysplastic syndrome, multiple myeloma, and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, 5-year CS for 5-year transplant survivors exceeded 90%. CS was especially high for aplastic anemia, of which was over 100% for children and younger adults receiving cord blood, suggesting that these patients have similar longevity to an equivalent group from the general population. These findings provide useful information for long-term survival, and can serve as benchmark for comparisons among registries, including other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachiyo Kuwatsuka
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ken Tabuchi
- Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Takaaki Konuma
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Uchida
- Department of Hematology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Inamoto
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Inai
- Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nishida
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikegame
- Department of Hematology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Eto
- Department of Hematology, Hamanomachi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuta Katayama
- Department of Hematology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Tanaka
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukuda
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ichinohe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Junya Kanda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Atsuta
- Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Nagakute, Japan
- Department of Registry Science for Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
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Kudo H, Nakata K, Morishima T, Kato MS, Kuwabara Y, Sawada A, Fujisaki H, Hashii Y, Miyashiro I. Prevalence of survivors of childhood cancer based on a population-based cancer registry in Osaka, Japan. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:839-848. [PMID: 38608173 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Although the survival rate of patients with childhood cancer has greatly improved, long-term survivors face specific problems such as the late effects of cancer treatment. In this study, we estimated the number of people who had experienced childhood cancer to predict their needs for medical care and social resources. Using data from the population-based Osaka Cancer Registry, we identified children aged 0-14 years who were diagnosed with cancer between 1975 and 2019. We estimated the prevalence on December 31, 2019, and the 5- and 10-year prevalence (i.e., the number of survivors living up to 5 or 10 years after the diagnosis of cancer) over time. The prevalence proportion was age-standardized using a direct standardization method. The prevalence estimates for Osaka were applied to the national population to determine the national prevalence in Japan. Among 8186 patients diagnosed with childhood cancer in Osaka, 5252 (987 per million) survived until December 31, 2019. The 5-year prevalence per million increased from 194 in 1979 to 417 in 2019 (+116%), while the 10-year prevalence increased from 391 in 1984 to 715 in 2019 (+83%). Based on the long-term registry data, an estimated 73,182 childhood cancer survivors were living in Japan by the end of 2019. The increasing 5-year and 10-year prevalence proportions indicate the continued need for cancer survivorship support for children, adolescents, and young adults. These estimates of the prevalence of childhood cancer survivors, including long-term survivors, may be useful for policymakers and clinicians to plan and evaluate survivorship care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Kudo
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kayo Nakata
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshihiro Kuwabara
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihisa Sawada
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujisaki
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Hashii
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Isao Miyashiro
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Wang B, Hu S, Teng Y, Chen J, Wang H, Xu Y, Wang K, Xu J, Cheng Y, Gao X. Current advance of nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment for malignant tumors. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:200. [PMID: 39128942 PMCID: PMC11323968 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01889-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a significant risk to human health. Nanomedicine is a new multidisciplinary field that is garnering a lot of interest and investigation. Nanomedicine shows great potential for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Specifically engineered nanoparticles can be employed as contrast agents in cancer diagnostics to enable high sensitivity and high-resolution tumor detection by imaging examinations. Novel approaches for tumor labeling and detection are also made possible by the use of nanoprobes and nanobiosensors. The achievement of targeted medication delivery in cancer therapy can be accomplished through the rational design and manufacture of nanodrug carriers. Nanoparticles have the capability to effectively transport medications or gene fragments to tumor tissues via passive or active targeting processes, thus enhancing treatment outcomes while minimizing harm to healthy tissues. Simultaneously, nanoparticles can be employed in the context of radiation sensitization and photothermal therapy to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of malignant tumors. This review presents a literature overview and summary of how nanotechnology is used in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors. According to oncological diseases originating from different systems of the body and combining the pathophysiological features of cancers at different sites, we review the most recent developments in nanotechnology applications. Finally, we briefly discuss the prospects and challenges of nanotechnology in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Evidence-based Pharmacy Center, Children's Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yan Teng
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, P.R. China
| | - Junli Chen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Haoyuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yezhen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kaiyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongzhong Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Institute of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Peirelinck H, Schulpen M, Hoogendijk R, Van Damme A, Pieters R, Henau K, Van Damme N, Karim-Kos HE. Incidence, survival, and mortality of cancer in children and young adolescents in Belgium and the Netherlands in 2004-2015: A comparative population-based study. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:226-239. [PMID: 38478912 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
International comparisons of cancer surveillance measures may provide insight into inequalities in registration practices, etiological factors, and treatment strategies. This study aimed to compare incidence, survival, and mortality of cancer in children and young adolescents between Belgium and the Netherlands. All children (0-14 years) and young adolescents (15-17 years) diagnosed with cancer between 2004 and 2015 were selected from the population-based cancer registries of Belgium (N = 4739) and the Netherlands (N = 7322). Differences in incidence and mortality were expressed as standardized rate ratios (SRR; BE/NL). Five-year observed survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. During 2004-2015, the overall cancer incidence among children and young adolescents was similar in both countries. Incidence of neuroblastoma was significantly higher in Belgian children (2010-2015: SRR = 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6). Five-year survival of all malignant cancers was comparable in 2010-2015, exceeding 80% in both age groups. Remarkable differences in survival existed in children for malignant central nervous system (CNS) tumors in 2004-2009 (BE = 62%, NL = 45%), for acute myeloid leukemia (BE = 68%, NL = 78%) and rhabdomyosarcomas (BE = 60%, NL = 79%) in 2010-2015, and for neuroblastoma in both periods (2004-2009: BE = 76%, NL = 64%; 2010-2015: BE = 82%, NL = 64%). Overall cancer mortality in children decreased by approximately 3 percent-points annually in both countries, but was slightly lower in Belgium in 2004-2009 (SRR = 0.9, 95% CI 0.7-1.0). Despite differences for specific cancer types, overall cancer incidence, survival, and mortality were comparable between Dutch and Belgian children and young adolescents in 2010-2015. Variability in screening, diagnosis, and registration practices probably explains the observed differences in incidence and survival of neuroblastoma and malignant CNS tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maya Schulpen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raoull Hoogendijk
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - An Van Damme
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Saint Luc University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kris Henau
- Belgian Cancer Registry, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Henrike E Karim-Kos
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Khabarova O, Pinaev SK, Chakov VV, Chizhov AY, Pinaeva OG. Trends in childhood leukemia incidence in urban countries and their relation to environmental factors, including space weather. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1295643. [PMID: 38756895 PMCID: PMC11098134 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1295643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is the most common cancer in children. Its incidence has been increasing worldwide since 1910th, suggesting the presence of common sources of the disease, most likely related to people's lifestyle and environment. Understanding the relationship between childhood leukemia and environmental conditions is critical to preventing the disease. This discussion article examines established potentially-carcinogenic environmental factors, such as vehicle emissions and fires, alongside space weather-related parameters like cosmic rays and the geomagnetic field. To discern the primary contributor, we analyze trends and annual variations in leukemia incidence among 0-14-year-olds in the United States, Canada, Australia, and Russia from 1990 to 2018. Comparisons are drawn with the number of vehicles (representing gasoline emissions) and fire-affected land areas (indicative of fire-related pollutants), with novel data for Russia introduced for the first time. While childhood leukemia incidence is rising in all countries under study, the rate of increase in Russia is twice that of other nations, possibly due to a delayed surge in the country's vehicle fleet compared to others. This trend in Russia may offer insights into past leukemia levels in the USA, Canada, and Australia. Our findings highlight vehicular emissions as the most substantial environmental hazard for children among the factors examined. We also advocate for the consideration of potential modulation of carcinogenic effects arising from variations in cosmic ray intensity, as well as the protective role of the geomagnetic field. To support the idea, we provide examples of potential space weather effects at both local and global scales. The additional analysis includes statistical data from 49 countries and underscores the significance of the magnetic field dip in the South Atlantic Anomaly in contributing to a peak in childhood leukemia incidence in Peru, Ecuador and Chile. We emphasize the importance of collectively assessing all potentially carcinogenic factors for the successful future predictions of childhood leukemia risk in each country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Khabarova
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Vladimir V. Chakov
- Far East Forestry Research Institute, Khabarovsk, Russia
- Khabarovsk Federal Research Center, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khabarovsk, Russia
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Signorelli C, Høeg BL, Asuzu C, Centeno I, Estapé T, Fisher P, Lam W, Levkovich I, Manne S, Miles A, Mullen L, Nekhlyudov L, Sade C, Shaw J, Singleton A, Travado L, Tsuchiya M, Lemmen J, Li J, Jefford M. International Survey of Psychosocial Care for Cancer Survivors in Low-/Middle- and High-Income Countries: Current Practices, Barriers, and Facilitators to Care. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300418. [PMID: 38781550 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The number of cancer survivors living with and beyond cancer treatment is rising globally. It is fundamental to understand the extent and type of psychosocial care services offered worldwide. We evaluated models of cancer survivorship care, psychosocial care practices in the post-treatment survivorship phase, and barriers/facilitators to delivery of psychosocial care services, including in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS The International Psycho-Oncology Society (IPOS) Survivorship Special Interest Group led a cross-sectional online survey between March and November 2022. Health care professionals and researchers in psycho-oncology were invited through the IPOS global membership, social media, and snowballing. The survey was administered to individuals but included questions related to practices in their country at a national level. RESULTS Two hundred eighty-three respondents from 37 countries participated (40% from LMICs), with a median of 12 years of experience (IQR, 6-20) in the psycho-oncology field. Participants reported that the most common elements of routine survivorship care were related to the prevention/management of recurrences/new cancers (74%), physical late effects (59%), and chronic medical conditions (53%), whereas surveillance/management of psychosocial late effects (27%) and psychosocial/supportive care (25%) were least common. Service availability was more commonly reported in high-income countries (HICs) than LMICs related to reproductive health (29% v 17%), genetic counseling/support (40% v 20%), and identifying/managing distress (39% v 26%) and pain (66% v 48%). Key barriers included providers focusing on treatment not survivorship (57%), medical not psychosocial care (60%), and a lack of allied health providers to deliver psychosocial care (59%). CONCLUSION The psychosocial needs of people living with cancer are not adequately available and/or provided in post-treatment survivorship even in HICs, because of barriers at patient, provider, and system levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Signorelli
- Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | | | - Chioma Asuzu
- Unit of Psycho-Oncology, Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Isabel Centeno
- Breast Cancer Center, Hospital Zambrano Hellion, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Tania Estapé
- Psychosocial Oncology Department, FEFOC Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Fisher
- University of Liverpool; Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy Lam
- School of Public Health, LSK Faculty of Medicine Jockey Club Institute of Cancer Care, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Inbar Levkovich
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Oranim Academic College of Education, Kiryat Tiv'on, Israel
| | - Sharon Manne
- Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Anne Miles
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Mullen
- National Cancer Control Programme, Health Services Executive, Kings Inns House, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Larissa Nekhlyudov
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Cristina Sade
- Psychosocial Oncology Department, Instituto Nacional del Cáncer, Santiago, Chile
| | - Joanne Shaw
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Singleton
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Engagement and Co-design Research Hub, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Luzia Travado
- Champalimaud Clinical and Research Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miyako Tsuchiya
- Division of Healthcare Delivery, Survivorship and Policy Research, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Research Institute of Nursing, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jesse Lemmen
- Pediatric Oncology, Emma's Children Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jie Li
- Center for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Michael Jefford
- Department of Health Services Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Cancer Survivorship Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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10
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Liu LP, Zong SY, Zhang AL, Ren YY, Qi BQ, Chang LX, Yang WY, Chen XJ, Chen YM, Zhang L, Zou Y, Guo Y, Zhang YC, Ruan M, Zhu XF. Early Detection of Molecular Residual Disease and Risk Stratification for Children with Acute Myeloid Leukemia via Circulating Tumor DNA. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1143-1151. [PMID: 38170574 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patient-tailored minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing of leukemia-specific mutations enables early detection of relapse for pre-emptive treatment, but its utilization in pediatric acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is scarce. Thus, we aim to examine the role of ctDNA as a prognostic biomarker in monitoring response to the treatment of pediatric AML. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A prospective longitudinal study with 50 children with AML was launched, and sequential bone marrow (BM) and matched plasma samples were collected. The concordance of mutations by next-generation sequencing-based BM-DNA and ctDNA was evaluated. In addition, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated. RESULTS In 195 sample pairs from 50 patients, the concordance of leukemia-specific mutations between ctDNA and BM-DNA was 92.8%. Patients with undetectable ctDNA were linked to improved OS and PFS versus detectable ctDNA in the last sampling (both P < 0.001). Patients who cleared their ctDNA post three cycles of treatment had similar PFS compared with persistently negative ctDNA (P = 0.728). In addition, patients with >3 log reduction but without clearance in ctDNA were associated with an improved PFS as were patients with ctDNA clearance (P = 0.564). CONCLUSIONS Thus, ctDNA-based MRD monitoring appears to be a promising option to complement the overall assessment of pediatric patients with AML, wherein patients with continuous ctDNA negativity have the option for treatment de-escalation in subsequent therapy. Importantly, patients with >3 log reduction but without clearance in ctDNA may not require an aggressive treatment plan due to improved survival, but this needs further study to delineate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Peng Liu
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Su-Yu Zong
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Ao-Li Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ren
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Ben-Quan Qi
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Li-Xian Chang
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen-Yu Yang
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Chen
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu-Mei Chen
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Zou
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Guo
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying-Chi Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Ruan
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Zhu
- Division of Pediatric Blood Diseases Center, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin, China
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11
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Liu H, Yin J, Wang K, Liu S, Yang Y, Song Z, Dong C, Zhang T, Luo J. Efficacy of physical exercise intervention on children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during treatment and rehabilitation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:177. [PMID: 38381189 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the impact of physical exercise intervention on children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) during the treatment and rehabilitation consolidation periods. METHOD Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CNKI, and Cochrane databases, with a search time range from database establishment to September 1, 2023. The quality of the included RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane risk assessment tool, and a systematic evaluation was conducted using RevMan 5.4. The study has been registered with INPLASY (registration number: 202390100). RESULT A total of 12 RCTs including 423 subjects was included. The meta-analysis results showed that long-term exercise intervention can effectively improve the endurance performance (SMD = 1.37, 95% CI 0.45 to 2.29, p = 0.004), functional mobility (MD = - 1.17, 95% CI - 1.85 to - 0.49, p = 0.0008), cancer-related fatigue (CRF) (MD = - 1.25, 95% CI - 1.69 to - 0.80, p < 0.00001), and quality of life (QOL) (MD = 4.93, 95% CI 1.80 to 8.05, p = 0.002) of ALL children during the treatment and rehabilitation consolidation periods. Its promoting effect on the muscle strength (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI - 0.33 to 1.39, p = 0.23) and bone mineral density (BMD) (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.77, p = 0.05) of the subjects was not significant. Further meta-analysis showed that exercise intervention with a duration of less than 1 year (SMD = 0.91, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.28, p < 0.00001) rather than more than 1 year (SMD = - 0.16, 95% CI - 0.61 to 0.29, p = 0.49) can effectively reduce subject BMD, while in terms of strength, exercise intervention can effectively improve strength during the treatment period (SMD = 0.97, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.54, p = 0.0008) rather than the consolidation period (SMD = - 0.27, 95% CI - 1.08 to 0.53, p = 0.51). CONCLUSION Long-term regular exercise can effectively improve the endurance, functional mobility, CRF, and QOL of children with ALL in the rehabilitation and treatment consolidation stages. Their strength and BMD may be influenced by the timing of treatment and the intervention cycle, respectively. Considering the limited number of included literature and the instability of some outcome indicators, it is necessary to design more comprehensive and rigorous high-quality RCTs in the future to test the exercise efficacy of ALL children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengxu Liu
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jingqi Yin
- Department of Sociology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Ziyi Song
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100032, China
- Rheumatism Mechanism and Immune Diagnosis (BZ0135), Beijing, 100032, China
| | - Caiyun Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Tingran Zhang
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Jiong Luo
- Research Centre for Exercise Detoxification, College of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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12
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Bai W, Liu D, Cheng Q, Yang X, Zhu L, Qin L, Fang J. Tetraarsenic tetrasulfide triggers ROS-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia by targeting HK2. Transl Oncol 2024; 40:101850. [PMID: 38043497 PMCID: PMC10701457 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer diagnosed in children. Despite cure rates of higher than 85 %, refractory or relapsed ALL still exhibits a bleak prognosis indicative of the dearth of treatment modalities specific for relapsed or refractory ALL. Prior research has implicated metabolic alterations in leukemia pathogenesis, and literature on the therapeutic efficacy of arsenic compounds targeting metabolic pathways in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) cells is scarce. METHODS A compound extracted from realgar, tetraarsenic tetrasulfide (As4S4), and its antitumor effects on B-ALL were experimentally examined in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS As4S4 apparently targets B-ALL cells by inducing specific cellular responses, including apoptosis, G2/M arrest, and ferroptosis. Interestingly, these effects are attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and increased ROS levels have been linked to both the mitochondria-dependent caspase cascade and the activation of p53 signaling. The ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can counteract the effects of As4S4 treatment on Nalm-6 and RS4;11 cells. Specifically, by targeting Hexokinase-2 (HK2), As4S4 induces alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential and disrupts glucose metabolism, leading to ROS accumulation, and was shown to inhibit B-ALL cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Intriguingly, overexpression of HK2 can partially desensitize B-ALL cells to As4S4 treatment. CONCLUSION Tetraarsenic tetrasulfide can regulate the Warburg effect by controlling HK2 expression, a finding that provides both new mechanistic insight into metabolic alterations and pharmacological evidence for the clinical treatment of B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Diandian Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Qianyi Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xingge Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, 24 Jinghua Road Luoyang, Henan 471003, China
| | - Liwen Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Lijun Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
| | - Jianpei Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
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13
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Hamilton W. Leukaemia diagnosis and primary care. Br J Gen Pract 2024; 74:54-55. [PMID: 38272696 PMCID: PMC10824351 DOI: 10.3399/bjgp24x736149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- William Hamilton
- Department of Health and Community Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter
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14
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de Smith AJ, Jiménez-Morales S, Mejía-Aranguré JM. The genetic risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its implications for children of Latin American origin. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1299355. [PMID: 38264740 PMCID: PMC10805326 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1299355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children, and disproportionately affects children of Hispanic/Latino ethnicity in the United States, who have the highest incidence of disease compared with other racial/ethnic groups. Incidence of childhood ALL is similarly high in several Latin American countries, notably in Mexico, and of concern is the rising incidence of childhood ALL in some Hispanic/Latino populations that may further widen this disparity. Prior studies have implicated common germline genetic variants in the increased risk of ALL among Hispanic/Latino children. In this review, we describe the known disparities in ALL incidence as well as patient outcomes that disproportionately affect Hispanic/Latino children across the Americas, and we focus on the role of genetic variation as well as Indigenous American ancestry in the etiology of these disparities. Finally, we discuss future avenues of research to further our understanding of the causes of the disparities in ALL incidence and outcomes in children of Latin American origin, which will be required for future precision prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. de Smith
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Silvia Jiménez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Innovación y Medicina de Precisión, Núcleo A, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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15
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Fiumana G, Pancaldi A, Bertani H, Boarino V, Cellini M, Iughetti L. Asparaginase-associated Pancreatitis Complicated by Pancreatic Fluid Collection Treated with Endoscopic Cistogastrostomy in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature. Clin Hematol Int 2023; 5:51-61. [PMID: 38817959 PMCID: PMC10742384 DOI: 10.46989/001c.90958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Asparaginase-associated pancreatitis complicates 2-10% of patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, causing morbidity and discontinuation of asparaginase administration. Among acute complications, pancreatic fluid collections can be managed conservatively, but intervention is indicated when associated with persistent insulin therapy need and recurrent abdominal pain. Endoscopic treatment has become the standard approach in adult patients, with increasing favorable evidence in children. This work compares the characteristics of a pediatric oncology patient treated at our institution with reported literature experiences, showing feasibility, safety and effectiveness of endoscopic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fiumana
- Post Graduate School of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mothers, Children, and AdultsUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia
| | | | - Helga Bertani
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy UnitPoliclinico di Modena
| | | | | | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Post Graduate School of Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mothers, Children, and AdultsUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology UnitAzienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, Italy
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16
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Gómez-De León A, Demichelis-Gómez R, da Costa-Neto A, Gómez-Almaguer D, Rego EM. Acute myeloid leukemia: challenges for diagnosis and treatment in Latin America. HEMATOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 28:2158015. [PMID: 36607152 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2158015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to review the current diagnostic and therapeutic landscape of AML in Latin America as a reflection of other low- and middle-income countries and regions of the world. Encompassing both acute promyelocytic and non-promyelocytic disease types. METHODS We reviewed the literature and study registries concerning epidemiological features of patients with AML/APL treated in Latin America, as well as evaluated diagnostic and genetic stratification and patient fitness assessment challenges, the importance of early mortality and supportive care capacity, intensive and non-intensive chemotherapy alternatives, consolidation, and maintenance strategies including novel agents and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. RESULTS Although most of the current technologies and treatment options are available in the region, a significant fraction of patients have only limited access to them. In addition, mortality in the first weeks from diagnosis is higher in the region compared to developed countries. CONCLUSIONS Disparities in access to technologies, supportive care capacity, and availability of novel agents and HSCT hinder results in our region, reflecting barriers common to other LMICs. Recent developments in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease must be implemented through education, collaborative clinical research, and advocacy to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Gómez-De León
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universiadad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Roberta Demichelis-Gómez
- Department of Hematology, Instituto Nacional de Cinecias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abel da Costa-Neto
- Department of Hematology, D'or Institute for Research and Education, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David Gómez-Almaguer
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Universiadad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
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17
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Ohbiki M, Ito Y, Inamoto Y, Miyamura K, Uchida N, Fukuda T, Fujiwara H, Nishida T, Hayashi M, Tanaka M, Kawakita T, Ikegame K, Katayama Y, Ara T, Ichinohe T, Kiyoi H, Matsuo K, Atsuta Y. Improved Long-Term Net Survival after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies over Two Decades. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:768.e1-768.e10. [PMID: 37739224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic (allo-) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has evolved as a curative therapy for hematologic malignancies and diseases, with practice changes over the past 2 decades. This study aimed to evaluate the change in 5-year net survival (NS) of allo-HCT recipients in a population-based cohort over the past 2 decades, which allows the estimation of a more HCT-specific long-term survival rate by considering background mortality changes. This study included 42,064 patients with hematologic malignancies who underwent their first allo-HCT in Japan between 2000 and 2018 and were reported to the Transplant Registry Unified Management Program. We compared the 5-year NS after allo-HCT in 4 consecutive HCT periods (2000 to 2004, 2005 to 2008, 2009 to 2012, and 2013 to 2018). The 5-year NS of the latest period was estimated using the period analysis method. Adjusted excess hazard ratios (EHRs) for 5-year NS over the HCT period were analyzed using an EHR model. In addition to the analysis of all hematologic malignancies, adjusted 5-year NS for each major hematologic malignancy, including acute myelogenous leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), myelodysplastic syndrome, adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and malignant lymphoma, was analyzed. The probability of adjusted 5-year NS after HCT improved significantly over time: 35% in 2000 to 2004, 39% in 2005 to 2008, 45% in 2009 to 2012, and 49% in 2013 to 2018. The adjusted EHRs were .90 (95% confidence interval [CI], .86 to .93) in the 2005 to 2008 period, .77 (95% CI, .74 to .80) in the 2009 to 2012 period, and .65 (95% CI, .63 to .68) in the 2013 to 2018 period, with the 2000 to 2004 period as the reference. The 5-year NS improved among all hematologic malignancies, with a significant improvement in CML and ALL. The changes in 5-year NS from the 2000 to 2004 period to the 2013 to 2018 period ranged from 46% to 66% in CML and from 41% to 59% in ALL. In addition to the large improvement of 1-year NS, smaller but continued improvement in NS between 1 and 5 years after transplantation was observed. NS at 5 years conditional on being alive at 1 year increased from 64% in 2000 to 2004 to 73% in 2013 to 2018. Even after subtracting the background mortality in the general population, we found a significant improvement in long-term allo-HCT-specific survival rates for patients with hematologic malignancies over the past 2 decades in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Ohbiki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Registry Science for Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan; Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yuri Ito
- Department of Medical Statistics, Research & Development Center, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Inamoto
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Miyamura
- Department of Hematology, Inuyama Chuo General Hospital, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Uchida
- Department of Hematology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Tranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukuda
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Fujiwara
- Hematology Division, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center, Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nishida
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daiichi Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Masatsugu Tanaka
- Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshiro Kawakita
- Department of Hematology, National, Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Ikegame
- Department of Hematology, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Yuta Katayama
- Department of Hematology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takahide Ara
- Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Ichinohe
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kiyoi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention/Introduction, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Atsuta
- Department of Registry Science for Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan; Japanese Data Center for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Nagakute, Japan.
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18
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Jeha S, Goto H, Baruchel A, Boëlle-Le Corfec E, Geffriaud-Ricouard C, Pieters R, Shin HY. Patient-Level Meta-analysis of Clofarabine in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Adv Ther 2023; 40:5447-5463. [PMID: 37819554 PMCID: PMC10611855 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clofarabine monotherapy at a dose of 52 mg/m2 per day was approved in the USA in 2004 for the treatment of relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R ALL) in patients aged 1-21 years after at least two prior regimens. To address a post-marketing requirement for additional evidence of the clinical benefit of clofarabine in its approved indication, a meta-analysis of patient-level data was conducted. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted, using the Dr.Evidence software platform, DOC Search, and Embase, to identify clinical trials with patients with R/R ALL who received clofarabine monotherapy at 52 mg/m2. The primary endpoint was complete remission (CR). Secondary endpoints were overall remission (OR, defined by CR or CR with either incomplete platelet recovery or incomplete neutrophil and platelet recovery), duration of response, overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS A total of 754 patients in 12 clinical studies were analyzed including 682 patients with R/R ALL treated with clofarabine monotherapy at 52 mg/m2; of them, 374 were aged < 22 years (pediatric population). Rates of CR and OR were 16% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7, 26) and 28% (95% CI 20, 37), respectively, in the pediatric population and 12% (95% CI 5, 21) and 21% (95% CI 13, 31) in the overall population. Median OS (evaluable in three studies in pediatric patients) was 3.7 months (95% CI 0.1, 31.4), reaching 10.1 months (95% CI 0.3, 68.9) for those achieving OR. Sensitivity analyses supported these findings. The most frequent grade 3-4 adverse events were liver abnormalities, anemia, diarrhea, and febrile neutropenia. CONCLUSION In this meta-analysis, CR duration and median OS in pediatric patients with R/R ALL appeared to be slightly longer than in the phase II study. No new safety signals were identified. Results support the use of clofarabine monotherapy in its approved indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Jeha
- St Jude Children's Hospital Research, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN, 38105-3678, USA.
| | - Hiroaki Goto
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Kanagawa Children's Medical Center, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - André Baruchel
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Immunology, Hôpital Universitaire Robert Debré (APHP and Université Paris Cité), Paris, France
| | | | | | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hee Young Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kittivisuit S, Jongthitinon N, Sripornsawan P, Songthawee N, Chavananon S, Limratchapong C, McNeil EB, Chotsampancharoen T. Hyperleukocytosis in Childhood Acute Leukemia: Early Complications and Survival Outcomes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3072. [PMID: 37370683 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperleukocytosis and extreme hyperleukocytosis, defined as initial white blood cell counts greater than 100 × 109/L and 200 × 109/L, respectively, have been associated with unfavorable outcomes. This study aimed to determine the early complications and survival outcomes of childhood leukemia patients with hyperleukocytosis. The medical records of 690 children newly diagnosed with acute leukemia between January 1998 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to assess and compare the survival outcomes. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine associated risk factors for overall survival. We found that 16.6% of 483 childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients and 20.3% of 207 childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients had hyperleukocytosis at diagnosis. ALL patients with hyperleukocytosis had more early complications than those without hyperleukocytosis (p < 0.05). Among the ALL group, the 5-year overall survival rate for those with hyperleukocytosis was significantly lower than for those without hyperleukocytosis (37.2% vs. 67.8%, p < 0.0001), while the difference was not statistically significant in the AML group (19.0% vs. 30.2%, respectively, p = 0.26). Hyperleukocytosis (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.04), extreme hyperleukocytosis (HR: 2.71), age less than 1 year (HR: 3.05), age greater than 10 years (HR: 1.64), and male sex (HR: 1.37) were independently associated with poorer overall survival in childhood ALL patients. Extreme hyperleukocytosis (HR: 2.63) and age less than 1 year (HR: 1.82) were independently associated with poorer overall survival in AML patients. Hyperleukocytosis was associated with adverse survival outcomes in childhood leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirinthip Kittivisuit
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Nichanan Jongthitinon
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Pornpun Sripornsawan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Natsaruth Songthawee
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Shevachut Chavananon
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Chompoonut Limratchapong
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
| | - Edward B McNeil
- Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
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20
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Pohar Perme M, de Wreede LC, Manevski D. What is relative survival and what is its role in haematology? Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2023; 36:101474. [PMID: 37353298 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2023.101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
In many haematological diseases, the survival probability is the key outcome. However, when the population of patients is rather old and the follow-up long, a significant proportion of deaths cannot be attributed to the studied disease. This lessens the importance of common survival analysis measures like overall survival and shows the need for other outcome measures requiring more complex methodology. When disease-specific information is of interest but the cause of death is not available in the data, relative survival methodology becomes crucial. The idea of relative survival is to merge the observed data set with the mortality data in the general population and thus allow for an indirect estimation of the burden of the disease. In this work, an overview of different measures that can be of interest in the field of haematology is given. We introduce the crude mortality that reports the probability of dying due to the disease of interest; the net survival that focuses on excess hazard alone and presents the key measure in comparing the disease burden of patients from populations with different general population mortality; and the relative survival ratio which gives a simple comparison of the patients' and the general population survival. We explain the properties of each measure, and some brief notes are given on estimation. Furthermore, we describe how association with covariates can be studied. All the methods and their estimators are illustrated on a sub-cohort of older patients who received a first allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndromes or secondary acute myeloid leukemia, to show how different methods can provide different insights into the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Pohar Perme
- Institute for Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Liesbeth C de Wreede
- Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Einthovenweg 20, 2333 ZC, Leiden, the Netherlands; Clinical Trials Unit, DKMS, Augsburger Strasse 3, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Damjan Manevski
- Institute for Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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21
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Bai L, Zhan Y, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Shi L, Gupta S, Denburg A, Guan X. Evidence of clinical benefit of WHO essential anticancer medicines for children, 2011-2021. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 59:101966. [PMID: 37125406 PMCID: PMC10130597 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Access to essential cancer medicines is a key determinant of childhood cancer survival. WHO published the Model List of Essential Medicine for Children (EMLc) and updated it every two years since 2007 to promote better access to medicines for children. This study aimed to assess whether the inclusion of essential anticancer medicines for respective indications for children was based on evidence of significant clinical benefit between 2011 and 2021. Methods We identified all anticancer medicine indications added to the WHO EMLc Section 8 since 2011 and extracted evidence of benefit documented in the corresponding technical reports. Evidence in children was defined as evidence that included participants under 12, and graded into five levels, according to the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence. We analyzed whether each anticancer medicine indication was listed with documented OS benefit or improvements in surrogate measures based on the highest level of documented evidence in children. Findings A total of 115 anticancer medicine indications were added to the EMLc from 2011 to 2021, of which 101 (87.8%) had some clinical evidence in children and 4 (3.5%) were added without any clinical evidence. Among the 101 medicine indications, none were added with level-1 evidence in children, and 43 (42.6%), 11 (10.9%), 41 (40.6%), and 6 (5.9%) were listed with level-2, level-3, level-4, and level-5 evidence in children, respectively. Only eight (7.9%) medicine indications were reported to have OS benefit, another 12 (11.9%) were reported to have improvements on surrogate measures, and 81 (80.2%) were listed in the EMLc without documented improvements in either OS or surrogate measures. Interpretation Most anticancer medicine indications of the WHO EMLc were added based on limited evidence of statistically significant clinical benefit in children. Our results suggest that WHO should refine requirements for clinical benefit criteria and permissible forms, quality, and reporting of evidence of essential anticancer medicines for children, specify whether anticancer medicine indications have required evidence of clinical benefit in children, and provide further details in its technical reports that summarise the available evidence. Funding Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Bai
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuqi Zhan
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yichen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Luwen Shi
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- International Research Center for Medicinal Administration, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Sumit Gupta
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Avram Denburg
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Xiaodong Guan
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- International Research Center for Medicinal Administration, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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22
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Fiumana G, Botta D, Dalla Porta MF, Macchi S, Soncini E, Santaniello A, Paciello O, Amicucci M, Cellini M, Cesaro S. Consensus Statement on Animals' Relationship with Pediatric Oncohematological Patients, on Behalf of Infectious Diseases and Nurse Working Groups of the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology. J Clin Med 2023; 12:2481. [PMID: 37048565 PMCID: PMC10094863 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Contact with animals in pediatric oncohematologic patients is associated with many benefits, but the risk of contracting zoonoses, even if low, must be considered by clinicians. In order to assess the awareness about this topic, we surveyed the Italian pediatric oncohematology centers, which resulted in heterogeneous responses. The Infectious Diseases Working Group and the Nurse Working Group of the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, together with veterinarians from the National Federation of Italian Veterinarians, drew up a consensus document to unify the indications to be given to families with the aim of guaranteeing a safe interaction between patients and animals and improving the collaboration of clinicians with veterinarians and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fiumana
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mothers, Children and Adults, Post Graduate School of Pediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Debora Botta
- Pediatric Unit Ospedale Santissima Annunziata di Savigliano, 12038 Savigliano, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Dalla Porta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mothers, Children and Adults, Post Graduate School of Pediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Simone Macchi
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Soncini
- Pediatric Oncohematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Children’s Hospital, Spedali Civili, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonio Santaniello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Orlando Paciello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
- National Federation of Italian Veterinarians (FNOVI), 26100 Cremona, Italy
| | - Matteo Amicucci
- Department of Onco Haematology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Cellini
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Simone Cesaro
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Mother and Child, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37126 Verona, Italy
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23
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Kowalczyk A, Zarychta J, Lejman M, Zawitkowska J. Electrochemical and Optical Sensors for the Detection of Chemical Carcinogens Causing Leukemia. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3369. [PMID: 37050429 PMCID: PMC10098728 DOI: 10.3390/s23073369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality due to neoplastic diseases have shown an increasing tendency over the years. Based on GLOBOCAN 2020 published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), leukemias are the thirteenth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, with 78.6% of leukemia cases diagnosed in countries with a very high or high Human Development Index (HDI). Carcinogenesis is a complex process initiated by a mutation in DNA that may be caused by chemical carcinogens present in polluted environments and human diet. The IARC has identified 122 human carcinogens, e.g., benzene, formaldehyde, pentachlorophenol, and 93 probable human carcinogens, e.g., styrene, diazinone. The aim of the following review is to present the chemical carcinogens involved or likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of leukemia and to summarize the latest reports on the possibility of detecting these compounds in the environment or food with the use of electrochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kowalczyk
- Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Julia Zarychta
- Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Lejman
- Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Zawitkowska
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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24
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Butters C, Thursky K, Hanna DT, Cole T, Davidson A, Buttery J, Haeusler G. Adverse effects of antibiotics in children with cancer: are short-course antibiotics for febrile neutropenia part of the solution? Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2023; 21:267-279. [PMID: 36694289 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2023.2171987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Febrile neutropenia is a common complication experienced by children with cancer or those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Repeated episodes of febrile neutropenia result in cumulative exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics with potential for a range of serious adverse effects. Short-course antibiotics, even in patients with high-risk febrile neutropenia, may offer a solution. AREAS COVERED This review addresses the known broad effects of antibiotics, highlights developments in understanding the relationship between cancer, antibiotics, and the gut microbiome, and discusses emerging evidence regarding long-term adverse antibiotic effects. The authors consider available evidence to guide the duration of empiric antibiotics in pediatric febrile neutropenia and directions for future research. EXPERT OPINION Broad-spectrum antibiotics are associated with antimicrobial resistance, Clostridioides difficile infection, invasive candidiasis, significant disturbance of the gut microbiome and may seriously impact outcomes in children with cancer or undergoing allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Short-course empiric antibiotics are likely safe in most children with febrile neutropenia and present a valuable opportunity to reduce the risks of antibiotic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coen Butters
- Department of General Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, Australia.,Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Karin Thursky
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Australia.,National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Diane T Hanna
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Theresa Cole
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
| | - Andrew Davidson
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Critical Care, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Melbourne Children's Trials Centre, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jim Buttery
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Health Analytics, Melbourne Children's Campus, Parkville, Australia.,Health Informatics Group and SAEFVIC, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Haeusler
- Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Australia.,National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Unit, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Australia
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25
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Vassal G, Pearson ADJ. Cancer research in Europe: a focus on children and young people. Lancet Oncol 2023; 24:8-9. [PMID: 36400105 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(22)00641-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Vassal
- Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, 94805 Paris, France.
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26
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Garcia-Gimenez A, Richardson SE. The role of microenvironment in the initiation and evolution of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1150612. [PMID: 36959797 PMCID: PMC10029760 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1150612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) is a malignant disorder of immature B lineage immune progenitors and is the commonest cancer in children. Despite treatment advances it remains a leading cause of death in childhood and response rates in adults remain poor. A preleukemic state predisposing children to BCP-ALL frequently arises in utero, with an incidence far higher than that of transformed leukemia, offering the potential for early intervention to prevent disease. Understanding the natural history of this disease requires an appreciation of how cell-extrinsic pressures, including microenvironment, immune surveillance and chemotherapy direct cell-intrinsic genetic and epigenetic evolution. In this review, we outline how microenvironmental factors interact with BCP-ALL at different stages of tumorigenesis and highlight emerging therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Garcia-Gimenez
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon E. Richardson
- Department of Haematology, Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Simon E. Richardson,
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27
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Cabrera-Rivera LT, Sweetser B, Fuster-Soler JL, Ramis R, López-Hernández FA, Pérez-Martínez A, Ortega-García JA. Looking Towards 2030: Strengthening the Environmental Health in Childhood-Adolescent Cancer Survivor Programs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:443. [PMID: 36612765 PMCID: PMC9819016 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CACS) are a high-risk population for non-communicable diseases and secondary carcinogenesis. The Environmental and Community Health Program for Longitudinal Follow-up of CACS in the region of Murcia, Spain, is an ongoing pioneering program that constitutes a model for social innovation. This study aims to present the program tools and protocol as a whole, as well as a profile of the incidence, survival, and spatiotemporal distribution of childhood cancer in the region of Murcia, Spain, using 822 sample cases of cancer diagnosed in children under 15 years of age (1998-2020). While the crude incidence rate across that entire period was 149.6 per 1 million, there was an increase over that time in the incidence. The areas with a higher standardized incidence ratio have shifted from the northwest (1998-2003) to the southeast (2016-2020) region. Overall, the ten-year survival rate for all tumor types was 80.1% over the entire period, increasing the five-year survival rate from 76.1 (1998-2003) to 85.5 (2014-2018). CACS living in areas with very poor outdoor air quality had lower survival rates. Furthermore, integrating environmental health into clinical practice could improve knowledge of the etiology and prognosis, as well as the outcomes of CACS. Finally, monitoring individual carbon footprints and creating healthier lifestyles, alongside healthier environments for CACS, could promote wellbeing, environmental awareness, and empowerment in order to attain Sustainable Development Goals for non-communicable diseases in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura T. Cabrera-Rivera
- European and Latin American Environment, Survival and Childhood Cancer Network (ENSUCHICA), Instituto Murciano de Investigación Sanitaria (IMIB), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR 00921, USA
- International Exchange Program for Minority Students, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Brittney Sweetser
- European and Latin American Environment, Survival and Childhood Cancer Network (ENSUCHICA), Instituto Murciano de Investigación Sanitaria (IMIB), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- International Exchange Program for Minority Students, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego Health, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - José L. Fuster-Soler
- European and Latin American Environment, Survival and Childhood Cancer Network (ENSUCHICA), Instituto Murciano de Investigación Sanitaria (IMIB), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Clinical University Hospital Virgen of Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rebeca Ramis
- European and Latin American Environment, Survival and Childhood Cancer Network (ENSUCHICA), Instituto Murciano de Investigación Sanitaria (IMIB), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Cancer and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando A. López-Hernández
- European and Latin American Environment, Survival and Childhood Cancer Network (ENSUCHICA), Instituto Murciano de Investigación Sanitaria (IMIB), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Department of Quantitative Methods and Computing, Technical University of Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Martínez
- European and Latin American Environment, Survival and Childhood Cancer Network (ENSUCHICA), Instituto Murciano de Investigación Sanitaria (IMIB), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Translational Research in Pediatric Oncology, Hematopoietic Transplantation, and Cell Therapy, IdiPAZ, Autonomous University of Madrid, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A. Ortega-García
- European and Latin American Environment, Survival and Childhood Cancer Network (ENSUCHICA), Instituto Murciano de Investigación Sanitaria (IMIB), University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- International Exchange Program for Minority Students, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Paediatric Environmental Health Specialty Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Clinical University Hospital Virgen of Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain
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