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Thangaraj SV, Ghnenis A, Pallas B, Vyas AK, Gregg B, Padmanabhan V. Comparative lipidome study of maternal plasma, milk, and lamb plasma in sheep. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7401. [PMID: 38548847 PMCID: PMC10978966 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipids play a critical role in neonate development and breastmilk is the newborn's major source of lipids. Milk lipids directly influence the neonate plasma lipid profile. The milk lipidome is dynamic, influenced by maternal factors and related to the maternal plasma lipidome. The close inter-relationship between the maternal plasma, milk and neonate plasma lipidomes is critical to understanding maternal-child health and nutrition. In this exploratory study, lipidomes of blood and breast milk from Suffolk sheep and matched lamb blood (n = 13), were profiled on day 34 post birth by untargeted mass spectrometry. Comparative multivariate analysis of the three matrices identified distinct differences in lipids and class of lipids amongst them. Paired analysis identified 346 differential lipids (DL) and 31 correlated lipids (CL) in maternal plasma and milk, 340 DL and 32 CL in lamb plasma and milk and 295 DL and 16 CL in maternal plasma and lamb plasma. Conversion of phosphatidic acid to phosphatidyl inositol was the most active pathway in lamb plasma compared to maternal plasma. This exploratory study illustrates the partitioning of lipids across maternal plasma, milk and lamb plasma and the dynamic relationship between them, reiterating the need to study these three matrices as one biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soundara Viveka Thangaraj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Adel Ghnenis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Brooke Pallas
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Arpita Kalla Vyas
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Brigid Gregg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Chen Q, Xie Q, Jiang C, Evivie SE, Cao T, Wang Z, Zhao L, Liang S, Li B, Huo G. Infant formula supplemented with 1,3-olein-2-palmitin regulated the immunity, gut microbiota, and metabolites of mice colonized by feces from healthy infants. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:6405-6421. [PMID: 35840401 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Infant formula is currently an important food to cope with insufficient breastfeeding. Although 1,3-olein-2-palmitin (OPO) has been used in infant formula, its effects on the immune system, gut microbiota, and metabolites for infants remain unclear. This study constructed a mouse model of colonizing healthy infant feces using antibiotic treatment and fecal microbial transplantation. Thus, the gap between the infant formula supplemented with OPO and human milk in mouse serum biochemistry, immune system, intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acid production, and metabolites was evaluated. Our results showed that regarding IL-9, IL-10 levels, fecal secretory IgA, and endotoxin, formula supplemented with OPO and human milk types had comparable levels. Additionally, OPO slightly increased the content of short-chain fatty acids. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and metabonomics analysis demonstrated that feeding different foods affects the gut microbiota of mice; in particular, supplementing formula feeding with OPO enriched the abundance of bifidobacteria. Furthermore, feeding different foods leads to unique intestinal content of metabolites, and the gut microbiota regulates the metabolites' differences. Our results reveal a brand new perspective of OPO regarding gut microbiota and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingxue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qinggang Xie
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Qiqihaer 164800, China
| | - Chuqi Jiang
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Qiqihaer 164800, China
| | - Smith Etareri Evivie
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin City 300001, Nigeria; Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Benin, Benin City 300001, Nigeria
| | - Ting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zengbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shengnan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Guicheng Huo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Bahreynian M, Feizi A, Kelishadi R. Is fatty acid composition of breast milk different in various populations? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2020; 71:909-920. [PMID: 32253956 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1746958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to systematically review the fatty acid (FA) composition of breast milk in different populations. We systematically searched the Medline via PubMed, Scopus and Clarivate till July 2019. We initially retrieved 433 articles. Having removed duplicates, with initial searching of title and abstracts, 317 papers were excluded and 80 remained. A meta-analysis of 80 cross-sectional, cohort studies, including 8793 subjects, was conducted. Meta-regression analysis indicated that factors including maternal age (p-values of SFA: 0.03, omega-3: 0.01, trans fats:<0.001, total fatty acids: 0.02), year of conducting study (p-values of SFA: <0.001, MUFA: 0.02, omega-6: 0.04,trans fats: 0.04) and sample size (p-values of SFA: 0.03, PUFA: 0.01, omega-6: 0.01, omega-3:<0.001) contributed to the heterogeneity of meta-analysis. This study indicates the large variation of FA content in maternal milk across different populations. Special concern is necessary for both the quality and total amount of fat intake of pregnant and lactating mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bahreynian
- Department of Nutrition, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Awat Feizi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Freitas RF, Macedo MDS, Lessa ADC, Ferraz VP, Soares NO, Martins BEV, Pinto NAVD, Teixeira RA. Composition in fatty acids of mature milk of nursing mothers. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE MATERNO INFANTIL 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-93042019000400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: to determine the fatty acid composition of mature milk of nursing mothers and its distribution according to some maternal variables. Methods: this is a cross-sectional observational epidemiological study based on the eva-luation of the fatty acid profile of mature human milk. Samples of mature breast milk were taken from 106 nursing mothers, by manual milking and who were after the 5th postpartum week. The milk fat extraction was carried out by using the Bligh and Dyer method and methy-lated with 0.25 mol/L sodium methoxide in methanol diethyl ether. The fatty acid of the milk profile was determined by a Gas Chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. Results: among the saturated fatty acids, the highest values were observed for palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), myristic (C14:0) and lauric (C12:0) fatty acids, respectively. Among the monounsaturated fatty acids, there was a higher contribution of oleic (C18:1) and palmi-toleic (C16:1) fatty acids, respectively. The total essential fatty acids (linoleic and α-linolenic) was 14.94%. Conclusions: a low content of essential fatty acids in the breast milk of the nursing mothers was observed in the present study, which are important for infant growth and deve-lopment. We suggest the need to implement nutrition education strategies aimed for pregnant women and nursing mothers who should be advised to eat healthier foods.
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Cimatti AG, Martini S, Munarini A, Zioutas M, Vitali F, Aceti A, Mantovani V, Faldella G, Corvaglia L. Maternal Supplementation With Krill Oil During Breastfeeding and Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LCPUFAs) Composition of Human Milk: A Feasibility Study. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:407. [PMID: 30622936 PMCID: PMC6308297 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a major constituent of neuronal and retinal membranes and plays a crucial role in brain and visual development within the first months of life. Dietary intakes are fundamental to provide neonates with adequate DHA supply; hence, maternal supplementation might represent a useful strategy to implement DHA contents in breast milk (BM), with possible benefits on neonatal neurodevelopment. Antarctic krill is a small crustacean rich in highly available phospholipid-bound DHA. This pilot study aimed to evaluate whether maternal supplementation with krill oil during breastfeeding increases long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) BM contents. Methods: Mothers of infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit were enrolled in this open, randomized-controlled study between 4 and 6 weeks after delivery and randomly allocated in 2 groups. Group 1 received an oral krill oil-based supplement providing 250 mg/day of DHA and 70 mg/day of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for 30 days; group 2 served as control. BM samples from both groups were collected at baseline (T0) and day 30 (T1) and underwent a qualitative analysis of LCPUFAs composition by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results: Sixteen breastfeeding women were included. Of these, 8 received krill-oil supplementation and 8 were randomized to the control group. Baseline percentage values of DHA (%DHA), arachidonic acid (%AA), and EPA (%EPA) did not differ between groups. A significant increase in %DHA (T0: median 0.23% [IQR 0.19;0.38], T1:0.42% [0.32;0.49], p 0.012) and %EPA (T0: median 0.10% [IQR 0.04;0.11], T1:0.11% [0.04;0.15], p 0.036) and a significant reduction in %AA (T0: median 0.48% [IQR 0.42;0.75], T1:0.43% [0.38;0.61], p 0.017) between T0 and T1 occurred in Group 1, whereas no difference was seen in Group 2. Consistently, a significant between-group difference was observed in percentage changes from baseline of DHA (Δ%DHA, group 1: median 64.2% [IQR 27.5;134.6], group 2: -7.8% [-12.1;-3.13], p 0.025) and EPA (Δ%EPA, group 1: median 39% [IQR 15.7;73.4]; group 2: -25.62% [-32.7;-3.4], p 0.035). Conclusions: Oral krill oil supplementation effectively increases DHA and EPA contents in BM. Potential benefits of this strategy on brain and visual development in breastfed preterm neonates deserve further evaluation in targeted studies. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03583502.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Giulia Cimatti
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Martini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Munarini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Center of Applied Biochemical Research, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maximilano Zioutas
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Vitali
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Arianna Aceti
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vilma Mantovani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Center of Applied Biochemical Research, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Faldella
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Corvaglia
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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trans Fatty Acids in Colostrum, Mature Milk and Diet of Lactating Adolescents. Lipids 2016; 51:1363-1373. [PMID: 27830423 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4206-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the trans fatty acids (TFA) content and distribution in colostrum, mature milk, and diet of adolescent mothers, after TFA declaration in food labels became mandatory in Brazil. Participants were healthy adolescents (n 54, 15-19 years, 1-90 days postpartum) practicing exclusive breastfeeding. Milk samples were collected 3 days after delivery (colostrum) and in the third month postpartum (mature milk) by hand expression. The fatty acid composition of the milk samples was determined by gas chromatography. TFA intake corresponded to 1.23 % of total energy value. Total 18:2 TFA accounted for less than 0.5 % of the energy intake. The amount of total 18:1 TFA (mean ± SEM) was 1.9 % ± 0.14 in colostrum and 1.5 % ± 0.2 in mature milk. The total content of n-3 PUFA was inversely correlated with the total content of 18:1 TFA in colostrum. Both in colostrum and in mature milk, vaccenic acid (11t-18:1) was found to be the most abundant 18:1 trans isomer, followed by elaidic acid (9t-18:1), whereas rumenic acid (9c,11t-18:2 CLA) was the predominant 18:2 trans isomer. In conclusion, the levels of TFA of industrial sources found in the mother's diet and breast milk (colostrum and mature milk) showed a decrease in relation to those observed in studies conducted prior to the TFA labeling resolution in Brazil. However, the current low intake levels of n-3 LCPUFA and DHA content in the milk of lactating adolescents may be insufficient for supporting adequate neurological development of the infants.
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Fares S, Sethom MM, Feki M, Cheour M, Sanhaji H, Kacem S, Kaabachi N. Fatty acids profile in preterm Colostrum of Tunisian women. Association with selected maternal characteristics. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2016; 112:32-6. [PMID: 27637338 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FA), especially arachidonic (AA, 20:4ω6) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6ω3) acids are critical for the health and development of infants. Colostrum FA composition has been examined in 101 lactating Tunisian women delivering prematurely using gas chromatography. Among polyunsaturated FA, linoleic acid predominated whereas each of the other polyunsaturated FA accounted for 1% or less of total FA. Colostrum AA and DHA contents were lower in women aged above 34 years compared to those less than 34 years. Preeclampsia was associated with lower DHA (0.40±0.22 vs. 0.53±0.27; p=0.018), but higher AA (1.14±0.44 vs. 0.93±0.30; p<0.006) and AA:DHA ratio (4.31±4.04 vs. 2.29±2.79; p<0.001). In multivariate analysis, colostrum DHA correlated with plasma DHA (β, 0.417; p=0.002), maternal age (β, -0.290; p=0.028) and preeclampsia (β, -0.270; p=0.042). Preterm colostrum FA profile in Tunisian women is comparable to those of other populations. Colostrum AA and DHA levels are altered in aged and pre-eclamptic women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fares
- UR05/08-08, LR99ES11, Department of Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M M Sethom
- UR05/08-08, LR99ES11, Department of Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M Feki
- UR05/08-08, LR99ES11, Department of Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - M Cheour
- Service of Neonatology, Centre of Maternity and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - H Sanhaji
- UR05/08-08, LR99ES11, Department of Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - S Kacem
- Service of Neonatology, Centre of Maternity and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - N Kaabachi
- UR05/08-08, LR99ES11, Department of Biochemistry, Rabta Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, 1007 Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia
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Breast milk fatty acid composition of women living far from the coastal area in Brazil. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2013; 89:263-8. [PMID: 23669215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2012.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the fatty acid composition of mature human milk of women living far from the coastal area of Brazil. METHODS Mature breast milk samples were obtained from 47 lactating women aged between 18 and 35 years, who delivered their babies at term and who exclusively or predominantly breastfed. Milk collection took place after the fifth week postpartum by hand expression. The fatty acid composition of the milk was determined by gas chromatography. RESULTS It was observed that the concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid (0.08%) was higher than that observed in previous studies in Brazil. However, the content of docosahexaenoic acid (0.09%) found in human milk was one of the lowest verified in the world. The content of trans fatty acids (2.05%) was similar to that reported in national studies previous to the mandatory declaration of this fatty acid content in food labels, suggesting that this measure had no effect on reducing the content of this fatty acid in the usual diet of women. CONCLUSIONS Low levels of docosahexaenoic acid and high concentrations of trans fatty acids were observed in mature breast milk of women living far from the coastal area in Brazil.
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Nishimura RY, Castro GSD, Junior AAJ, Sartorelli DS. Breast milk fatty acid composition of women living far from the coastal area in Brazil. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Huang HL, Chuang LT, Li HH, Lin CP, Glew RH. Docosahexaenoic acid in maternal and neonatal plasma phospholipids and milk lipids of Taiwanese women in Kinmen: fatty acid composition of maternal blood, neonatal blood and breast milk. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:27. [PMID: 23496882 PMCID: PMC3608933 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is a long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) that is critically important for the structure, development and function of the retina and central nervous system (CNS), ultimately contributing to improved cognition. It is known that the DHA content of breast milk is positively correlated with maternal DHA intake. Since there is a lack of information about the DHA status of pregnant and lactating women in rural Taiwan. The aims of the present study were to: 1) assess the DHA status of mothers and babies in urban setting, and 2) determine the content of DHA in the milk of nursing mothers. Methods All pregnant women who attended the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic of Kinmen Hospital on Kinmen Island in Taiwan between May 1 and May 30, 2011 were invited by research nurses to enroll in the study. The maternal blood sample was obtained on the day of their delivery. Cord blood was collected by the obstetrician following delivery. Participants were asked to visit the doctor forty-two days after the delivery, at which time a nurse collected breast milk on the day mothers were visiting the doctor for post-natal well-baby check-up. Results The DHA percentages of maternal and neonatal plasma phospholipids were 5.16% and 6.36%, respectively, which are higher than values reported for most populations elsewhere in the world. The DHA percentage for the breast milk of Kinmen mothers was also high (0.98%) relation to international norms. The DHA proportions in maternal and neonatal plasma phospholipids were positively correlated (r = 0.46, p = 0.01). Conclusions We show that the DHA status of mothers and newborns on Kinmen Island is satisfactory, thereby providing an evidence-based argument for promoting breastfeeding in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ling Huang
- Department of Healthcare Management, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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11
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Shapiro GD, Fraser WD, Séguin JR. Emerging risk factors for postpartum depression: serotonin transporter genotype and omega-3 fatty acid status. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2012; 57:704-12. [PMID: 23149286 PMCID: PMC5173356 DOI: 10.1177/070674371205701108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression is a leading cause of disability and hospitalization. Women are at the highest risk of depression during their childbearing years, and the birth of a child may precipitate a depressive episode in vulnerable women. Postpartum depression (PPD) is associated with diminished maternal somatic health as well as health and developmental problems in their offspring. This review focuses on 2 PPD risk factors of emerging interest: serotonin transporter (5-HTT) genotype and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) status. METHOD The MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched using the key words postpartum depression, nutrition, omega-3 fatty acids, and serotonin transporter gene. Studies were also located by reviewing the reference lists of selected articles. RESULTS Seventy-five articles were identified as relevant to this review. Three carefully conducted studies reported associations between the 5-HTT genotype and PPD. As well, there is accumulating evidence that n-3 PUFA intake is associated with risk of PPD. Preliminary evidence suggests that there could be an interaction between these 2 emerging risk factors. However, further studies are required to confirm such an interaction and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Evidence to date supports a research agenda clarifying the associations between n-3 PUFAs, the 5-HTT genotype, and PPD. This is of particular interest owing to the high prevalence of poor n-3 PUFA intake among women of childbearing age and the consequent potential for alternative preventive measures and treatments for PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel D Shapiro
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Plasma Levels of trans-Fatty Acids are Low in Exclusively Breastfed Infants of Adolescent Mothers. Lipids 2011; 46:537-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s11745-011-3547-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ney JG, Koury JC, Azeredo VB, Casimiro-Lopes G, Trugo NM, Torres AG. Associations of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols with proxies of membrane stability and subcutaneous fat sites in male elite swimmers. Nutr Res 2009; 29:623-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2009.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Revised: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Torres AG, Trugo NMF. Evidence of inadequate docosahexaenoic acid status in Brazilian pregnant and lactating women. Rev Saude Publica 2009; 43:359-68. [PMID: 19287877 DOI: 10.1590/s0034-89102009000200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2007] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently published data concerning dietary intake of fat and food sources of (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) in Brazil are reviewed together with data on biochemical indices of PUFA status during pregnancy and lactation and PUFA composition of breast milk in Brazilian adolescents and adults. Potential inadequacies of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) status among Brazilian pregnant and lactating women have not yet been thoroughly evaluated. The data reviewed show that dietary intake of food sources of n-3 LCPUFA is low and possibly deficient in Brazil, and that biochemical indices of maternal DHA status and breast milk DHA content are low compared to the international literature. These data indicate inadequate DHA status among Brazilian women during pregnancy and lactation, but this evidence needs confirmation through comprehensive and specific population-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre G Torres
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Meneses F, Ney JG, Torres AG, Trugo NMF. Erythrocyte membrane and plasma non-esterified n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids of pregnant and non-pregnant Brazilian adolescents. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2009; 80:137-42. [PMID: 19201181 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2008.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Revised: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of pregnancy in adolescents on the fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membrane, which was used as a proxy for status of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and also on the composition of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) mobilized from the adipose tissue. Two matched groups of healthy adolescents (14-19 years) from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were compared: pregnant (n=26; 32.7+/-3.9 weeks of gestation, mean+/-SD) and non-pregnant (n=20). Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast. Mean dietary intakes of total fat and n-3 and n-6 PUFA (energy %) were not different between pregnant and non-pregnant adolescents, and the consumption of food sources of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was low. Fasting total NEFA and NEFA 18:2n-6, 18:3n-6 and 20:4n-6 (g/100g fatty acids) were higher in pregnant than in non-pregnant adolescents. Although erythrocyte 20:4n-6 was lower in pregnant adolescents, there were no differences in DHA (g/100g fatty acids), in DHA status indices (22:5n-6/22:4n-6 and 22:6n-3/22:5n-6 ratios) and in the index of n-3+n-6 PUFA status ([Sigman-3+Sigman-6]/[Sigman-7+Sigman-9]) in erythrocytes as compared with those of non-pregnant adolescents. In conclusion, pregnancy did not have an adverse effect on erythrocyte DHA content or on DHA and n-3+n-6 PUFA status indices in the adolescents studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Meneses
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Nutricional e de Alimentos, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CT bloco A, lab. 528, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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